{"pageNumber":"687","pageRowStart":"17150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46666,"records":[{"id":70192698,"text":"70192698 - 2011 - Eocene bituminous coal deposits of the Claiborne group, Webb County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-22T16:24:07.10198","indexId":"70192698","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5382,"text":"AAPG Studies in Geology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"chapter":"12","title":"Eocene bituminous coal deposits of the Claiborne group, Webb County, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Two bituminous coal zones, the San Pedro and the Santo Tomas, in the middle Eocene Claiborne Group of Webb County, south Texas (Figure 1), are among the coal resources that are not evaluated quantitatively as part of the current Gulf Coastal Plain coal resource assessment. Coal beds within these zones were mined by underground methods northwest of Laredo until 1939 and have been intermittently mined at the surface since 1979. These coals have long been regarded as unique within the Gulf Coast Tertiary coal-bearing section because they are high-volatile C bituminous in rank and because their physical characteristics resemble upper Carboniferous cannel coals of the Appalachians and Europe.</p><p>Discontinuous exposures of the Santo Tomas and the underlying San Pedro coal zone extend northwestward from Dolores for approximately 15 to 21 mi along the breaks of the Rio Grande and its tributaries in Webb County (Figure 1). This part of south Texas lies along the southwestern flank of the Rio Grande Embayment, which extends south and southeastwardly through the Mexican States of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas (Figure 1). Within the embayment, the lower to middle part of the Claiborne Group consists of marine mudstones (Reklaw Formation) in the east and northeast and sandstones and mudstones (Bigford Formation) in the south and southwest (Figure 2). The marine mudstones coarsen upward into fluvial-deltaic sandstones (Queen City Sand) that prograded gulfward across eastern and central Texas (Guevara and Garcia, 1972). To the west and southwest, the interval overlying the Bigford Formation becomes less sandy, and claystones (El Pico Clay) predominate. Although the San Pedro coal zone has been placed traditionally near the top of the Bigford Formation and the Santo Tomas coal zone near the base of the El Pico Clay, recent work has failed to validate a mappable contact between these formations (Warwick and Hook, 1995). The coal beds dip northeast at less than 2 degrees towards the synclinal axis of the basin.</p><p>The following summary is based upon published and unpublished reports; drillhole records (geophysical logs, descriptions of cores and cuttings); coal-quality data obtained from the permit files of the Railroad Commission of Texas and recent sampling by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); a preliminary review of proprietary data acquired recently by the USGS; and field work conducted by the USGS since 1994. A total of approximately 200 drillhole records was examined.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic assessment of coal in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","usgsCitation":"Hook, R.W., and Warwick, P.D., 2011, Eocene bituminous coal deposits of the Claiborne group, Webb County, Texas, chap. 12 <i>of</i> Geologic assessment of coal in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain: AAPG Studies in Geology, v. 62, p. 269-276.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"276","ipdsId":"IP-020059","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350924,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70034731,"text":"70034731 - 2011 - The use of historical imagery in the remediation of an urban hazardous waste site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T20:19:38.915352","indexId":"70034731","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The use of historical imagery in the remediation of an urban hazardous waste site","docAbstract":"<p>The information derived from the interpretation of historical aerial photographs is perhaps the most basic multitemporal application of remote-sensing data. Aerial photographs dating back to the early 20th century can be extremely valuable sources of historical landscape activity. In this application, imagery from 1918 to 1927 provided a wealth of information about chemical weapons testing, storage, handling, and disposal of these hazardous materials. When analyzed by a trained photo-analyst, the 1918 aerial photographs resulted in 42 features of potential interest. When compared with current remedial activities and known areas of contamination, 33 of 42 or 78.5% of the features were spatially correlated with areas of known contamination or other remedial hazardous waste cleanup activity.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","language":"English","publisher":"The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","doi":"10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2049254","usgsCitation":"Slonecker, E., 2011, The use of historical imagery in the remediation of an urban hazardous waste site, <i>in</i> IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, v. 4, no. 2, p. 281-291, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2049254.","startPage":"281","endPage":"291","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215727,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2049254"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb189e4b08c986b325326","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slonecker, E.T.","contributorId":41132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slonecker","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70192332,"text":"70192332 - 2011 - Multi-scale clustering of functional data with application to hydraulic gradients in wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T15:06:27","indexId":"70192332","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5531,"text":"Journal of Data Science","onlineIssn":"1683-8602","printIssn":"1680-743X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-scale clustering of functional data with application to hydraulic gradients in wetlands","docAbstract":"<p>A new set of methods are developed to perform cluster analysis of functions, motivated by a data set consisting of hydraulic gradients at several locations distributed across a wetland complex. The methods build on previous work on clustering of functions, such as Tarpey and Kinateder (2003) and Hitchcock et al. (2007), but explore functions generated from an additive model decomposition (Wood, 2006) of the original time se- ries. Our decomposition targets two aspects of the series, using an adaptive smoother for the trend and circular spline for the diurnal variation in the series. Different measures for comparing locations are discussed, including a method for efficiently clustering time series that are of different lengths using a functional data approach. The complicated nature of these wetlands are highlighted by the shifting group memberships depending on which scale of variation and year of the study are considered.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Journal of Data Science","usgsCitation":"Greenwood, M.C., Sojda, R.S., Sharp, J.L., Peck, R.G., and Rosenberry, D.O., 2011, Multi-scale clustering of functional data with application to hydraulic gradients in wetlands: Journal of Data Science, v. 9, no. 3, p. 399-426.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"426","ipdsId":"IP-017612","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347357,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jds-online.com/volume-9-number-3-july-2011"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2abe4b0220bbd9d9fd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenwood, Mark C.","contributorId":87844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwood","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13655,"text":"Montana State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sojda, Richard S. sojda@usgs.gov","contributorId":1663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sojda","given":"Richard","email":"sojda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharp, Julia L.","contributorId":33204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharp","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":33234,"text":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peck, Rory G.","contributorId":42984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peck","given":"Rory","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13655,"text":"Montana State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70003449,"text":"70003449 - 2011 - Inference for occupancy and occupancy dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-26T09:57:52","indexId":"70003449","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Inference for occupancy and occupancy dynamics","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter deals with the estimation of occupancy as a state variable to assess the status of, and track changes in, species distributions when sampling with camera traps. Much of the recent interest in occupancy estimation and modeling originated from the models developed by MacKenzie et al. (2002, 2003), although similar methods were developed independently (Azuma et al. 1990; Bayley and Petersen 2001; Nichols and Karanth, 2002; Tyre et al. 2003), all of which deal with species occurrence information and imperfect detection. Less than a decade after these publications, the modeling and estimation of species occurrence and occupancy dynamics have increased significantly. Special features of scientific journals have explored innovative uses of detection–nondetection data with occupancy models (Vojta 2005), and an entire volume has synthesized the use and application of occupancy estimation methods (MacKenzie et al. 2006). Reviews of the topical concepts, philosophical considerations, and various sampling designs that can be used for occupancy estimation are now readily available for a range of audiences (MacKenzie and Royle 2005; MacKenzie et al. 2006; Bailey et al. 2007; Royle and Dorazio 2008; Conroy and Carroll 2009; Kendall and White 2009; Hines et al. 2010; Link and Barker 2010). As a result, it would be pointless here to recast all that these publications have so eloquently articulated, but that said, a review of any scientific topic requires sufficient context and relevant background information, especially when relatively new methodologies and techniques such as occupancy estimation and camera traps are involved. This is especially critical in a digital age where new information is published at warp speed, making it increasingly difficult to stay abreast of theoretical advances and research developments.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Camera traps in animal ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-4-431-99495-4_11","usgsCitation":"O’Connell, A.F., and Bailey, L., 2011, Inference for occupancy and occupancy dynamics, chap. <i>of</i> Camera traps in animal ecology, p. 191-204, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99495-4_11.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"204","ipdsId":"IP-021692","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f5bae4b0bc0bec0a1814","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"O’Connell, Allan F. 0000-0001-7032-7023 aoconnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Allan","email":"aoconnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649603,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov","contributorId":139087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649604,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karanth, K. Ullas","contributorId":6984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karanth","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ullas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649605,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"O’Connell, Allan F. 0000-0001-7032-7023 aoconnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Allan","email":"aoconnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Larissa L.","contributorId":93183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Larissa L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036261,"text":"70036261 - 2011 - Source and site response study of the 2008 Mount Carmel, Illinois, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T15:35:47","indexId":"70036261","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source and site response study of the 2008 Mount Carmel, Illinois, earthquake","docAbstract":"<p>Two separate inversions are performed using the ground-motion data from the 2008 Mount Carmel, Illinois, earthquake. One uses aftershocks as empirical Green&rsquo;s functions to determine a finite-fault slip distribution. The second uses mainshock ground-motion spectra to calculate source, path, and site response parameters. The slip inversion reveals a prominent asperity at the hypocenter with an area of approximately 6 km<sup>2</sup>, moment of 7.0 x 10<sup>23</sup> dyn cm&nbsp;(<i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 5.20), and stress drop of about 100 bars. Considering all major and minor slip, the total moment is 1.7 x 10<sup>24</sup> dyn cm&nbsp;(<i>M<sub>w</sub></i>=5.45). The rupture velocity is not resolvable due to the small source area. After fixing the geometric spreading, the source, path, and site parameter inversion yields a similar moment of 8.8 x 10<sup>23</sup> dyn cm&nbsp;(<i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 5.26) and a corner frequency of 0.89 Hz, which also give a stress drop of approximately 100 bars. Our combined geometric and anelastic attenuation function, <i>Q</i>(<i>f</i>)<i>r<sup>-b</sup></i>=1137<i>f</i><sup>0.12</sup><i>r</i><sup>-0.94</sup>, fits the regional spectral amplitudes, where the data is more plentiful, as well as previously derived attenuation relationships. Site response spectra show prominent resonant frequencies that correlate with the thickness of Mississippi River sediments and Mississippi embayment deposits. In addition, higher frequency resonance peaks are observed that most likely represent higher mode resonances and resonances from shallower structure.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120100222","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Hartzell, S., and Mendoza, C., 2011, Source and site response study of the 2008 Mount Carmel, Illinois, earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 3, p. 951-963, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100222.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"951","endPage":"963","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218429,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120100222"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Mount Carmel","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.4014892578125,\n              39.16839998800284\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.6541748046875,\n              38.89530825492018\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.8134765625,\n              38.453588708941375\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.65966796875,\n              38.02213147353745\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.0828857421875,\n              37.81846319511331\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.242431640625,\n              37.78808138412046\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.66015624999999,\n              38.285624966683756\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.80847167968749,\n              38.749799358878526\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.022705078125,\n              38.989302551359515\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5445556640625,\n              39.138581990583525\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.9949951171875,\n              39.20671884491848\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.4014892578125,\n              39.16839998800284\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"101","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9320e4b08c986b31a2e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartzell, S.","contributorId":12603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mendoza, C.","contributorId":82059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendoza","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034538,"text":"70034538 - 2011 - <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar dating of tuff vents in the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy): Toward a new chronostratigraphic reconstruction of the Holocene volcanic activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-26T19:21:48","indexId":"70034538","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"<sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar dating of tuff vents in the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy): Toward a new chronostratigraphic reconstruction of the Holocene volcanic activity","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Campi Flegrei hosts numerous monogenetic vents inferred to be younger than the 15&nbsp;ka Neapolitan Yellow Tuff. Sanidine crystals from the three young Campi Flegrei vents of Fondi di Baia, Bacoli and Nisida were dated using </span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar geochronology. These vents, together with several other young edifices, occur roughly along the inner border of the Campi Flegrei caldera, suggesting that the volcanic conduits are controlled by caldera-bounding faults. Plateau ages of ∼9.6&nbsp;ka (Fondi di Baia), ∼8.6&nbsp;ka (Bacoli) and ∼3.9&nbsp;ka (Nisida) indicate eruptive activity during intervals previously interpreted as quiescent. A critical revision, involving calendar age correction of literature </span><sup>14</sup><span>C data and available </span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar age data, is presented. A new reference chronostratigraphic framework for Holocene Phlegrean activity, which significantly differs from the previously adopted ones, is proposed. This has important implications for understanding the Campi Flegrei eruptive history and, ultimately, for the evaluation of related volcanic risk and hazard, for which the inferred history of its recent activity is generally taken into account.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer International","doi":"10.1007/s00445-011-0478-8","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Fedele, L., Insinga, D., Calvert, A., Morra, V., Perrotta, A., and Scarpati, C., 2011, <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar dating of tuff vents in the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy): Toward a new chronostratigraphic reconstruction of the Holocene volcanic activity: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 73, no. 9, p. 1323-1336, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0478-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1323","endPage":"1336","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              14.11245346069336,\n              40.800166251701846\n            ],\n            [\n              14.11245346069336,\n              40.83667117059108\n            ],\n            [\n              14.168758392333984,\n              40.83667117059108\n            ],\n            [\n              14.168758392333984,\n              40.800166251701846\n            ],\n            [\n              14.11245346069336,\n              40.800166251701846\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c1682de4b0f2f0ceb9075c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fedele, L.","contributorId":89022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fedele","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Insinga, D.D.","contributorId":24645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Insinga","given":"D.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Calvert, A.T.","contributorId":49969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morra, V.","contributorId":101887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morra","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perrotta, A.","contributorId":40430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perrotta","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scarpati, C.","contributorId":34726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scarpati","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036263,"text":"70036263 - 2011 - Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded-ice and floating-ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T18:01:27","indexId":"70036263","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded-ice and floating-ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska","docAbstract":"Thermokarst lakes cover > 20% of the landscape throughout much of the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) with shallow lakes freezing solid (grounded ice) and deeper lakes maintaining perennial liquid water (floating ice). Thus, lake depth relative to maximum ice thickness (1·5–2·0 m) represents an important threshold that impacts permafrost, aquatic habitat, and potentially geomorphic and hydrologic behaviour. We studied coupled hydrogeomorphic processes of 13 lakes representing a depth gradient across this threshold of maximum ice thickness by analysing remotely sensed, water quality, and climatic data over a 35-year period. Shoreline erosion rates due to permafrost degradation ranged from < 0·2 m/year in very shallow lakes (0·4 m) up to 1·8 m/year in the deepest lakes (2·6 m). This pattern of thermokarst expansion masked detection of lake hydrologic change using remotely sensed imagery except for the shallowest lakes with stable shorelines. Changes in the surface area of these shallow lakes tracked interannual variation in precipitation minus evaporation (P − E<sub>L</sub>) with periods of full and nearly dry basins. Shorter-term (2004–2008) specific conductance data indicated a drying pattern across lakes of all depths consistent with the long-term record for only shallow lakes. Our analysis suggests that grounded-ice lakes are ice-free on average 37 days longer than floating-ice lakes resulting in a longer period of evaporative loss and more frequent negative P − E<sub>L</sub>. These results suggest divergent hydrogeomorphic responses to a changing Arctic climate depending on the threshold created by water depth relative to maximum ice thickness in ACP lakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8019","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Arp, C., Jones, B.M., Urban, F., and Grosse, G., 2011, Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded-ice and floating-ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska: Hydrological Processes, v. 25, no. 15, p. 2422-2438, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8019.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2422","endPage":"2438","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218460,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a34f5e4b0c8380cd5fb72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arp, C.D.","contributorId":54715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arp","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Urban, F.E. 0000-0002-1329-1703","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1703","contributorId":34352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"F.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grosse, G.","contributorId":82140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034647,"text":"70034647 - 2011 - Growth rates of rainbow smelt in Lake Champlain: Effects of density and diet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T16:48:35.176951","indexId":"70034647","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth rates of rainbow smelt in Lake Champlain: Effects of density and diet","docAbstract":"<p><span>We estimated the densities of rainbow smelt (</span><i>Osmerus mordax</i><span>) using hydroacoustics and obtained specimens for diet analysis and groundtruthed acoustics data from mid‐water trawl sampling in four areas of Lake Champlain, USA–Canada. Densities of rainbow smelt cohorts alternated during the 2‐year study; age‐0 rainbow smelt were very abundant in 2001 (up to 6 fish per m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) and age‐1 and older were abundant (up to 1.2 fish per m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) in 2002. Growth rates and densities varied among areas and years. We used model selection on eight area–year‐specific variables to investigate biologically plausible predictors of rainbow smelt growth rates. The best supported model of growth rates of age‐0 smelt indicated a negative relationship with age‐0 density, likely associated with intraspecific competition for zooplankton. The next best‐fit model had age‐1 density as a predictor of age‐0 growth. The best supported models (</span><i>N </i><span>= 4) of growth rates of age‐1 fish indicated a positive relationship with availability of age‐0 smelt and resulting levels of cannibalism. Other plausible models were contained variants of these parameters. Cannibalistic rainbow smelt consumed younger conspecifics that were up to 53% of their length. Prediction of population dynamics for rainbow smelt requires an understanding of the relationship between density and growth as age‐0 fish outgrow their main predators (adult smelt) by autumn in years with fast growth rates, but not in years with slow growth rates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00472.x","issn":"09066691","usgsCitation":"Stritzel, T.J., Parrish, D., Parker-Stetter, S.L., Rudstam, L.G., and Sullivan, P., 2011, Growth rates of rainbow smelt in Lake Champlain: Effects of density and diet: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 20, no. 4, p. 503-512, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00472.x.","productDescription":"10p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"512","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215922,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00472.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.8446044921875,\n              43.401056495052906\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.94921875,\n              43.401056495052906\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.94921875,\n              45.34056313889858\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.8446044921875,\n              45.34056313889858\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.8446044921875,\n              43.401056495052906\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e06e4b0c8380cd5c233","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stritzel, Thomson J.L.","contributorId":30024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stritzel","given":"Thomson","email":"","middleInitial":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parrish, D.L.","contributorId":15144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker-Stetter, S. L.","contributorId":98136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker-Stetter","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rudstam, L. G.","contributorId":24720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudstam","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sullivan, P.J.","contributorId":38762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036199,"text":"70036199 - 2011 - Redefinition and global estimation of basal ecosystem respiration rate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T13:51:15","indexId":"70036199","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Redefinition and global estimation of basal ecosystem respiration rate","docAbstract":"<p><span>Basal ecosystem respiration rate (BR), the ecosystem respiration rate at a given temperature, is a common and important parameter in empirical models for quantifying ecosystem respiration (ER) globally. Numerous studies have indicated that BR varies in space. However, many empirical ER models still use a global constant BR largely due to the lack of a functional description for BR. In this study, we redefined BR to be ecosystem respiration rate at the mean annual temperature. To test the validity of this concept, we conducted a synthesis analysis using 276 site-years of eddy covariance data, from 79 research sites located at latitudes ranging from ∼3°S to ∼70°N. Results showed that mean annual ER rate closely matches ER rate at mean annual temperature. Incorporation of site-specific BR into global ER model substantially improved simulated ER compared to an invariant BR at all sites. These results confirm that ER at the mean annual temperature can be considered as BR in empirical models. A strong correlation was found between the mean annual ER and mean annual gross primary production (GPP). Consequently, GPP, which is typically more accurately modeled, can be used to estimate BR. A light use efficiency GPP model (i.e., EC-LUE) was applied to estimate global GPP, BR and ER with input data from MERRA (Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications) and MODIS (Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). The global ER was 103 Pg C yr </span><sup>−1</sup><span>, with the highest respiration rate over tropical forests and the lowest value in dry and high-latitude areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011GB004150","issn":"08866236","usgsCitation":"Yuan, W., Luo, Y., Li, X., Liu, S., Yu, G., Zhou, T., Bahn, M., Black, A., Desai, A., Cescatti, A., Marcolla, B., Jacobs, C., Chen, J., Aurela, M., Bernhofer, C., Gielen, B., Bohrer, G., Cook, D., Dragoni, D., Dunn, A., Gianelle, D., Grnwald, T., Ibrom, A., Leclerc, M., Lindroth, A., Liu, H., Marchesini, L., Montagnani, L., Pita, G., Rodeghiero, M., Rodrigues, A., Starr, G., and Stoy, P., 2011, Redefinition and global estimation of basal ecosystem respiration rate: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 25, no. 4, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004150.","productDescription":"Article GB4002; 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475325,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gb004150","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218335,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004150"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3a7e4b0e8fec6cdb8fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, W.","contributorId":35955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luo, Y.","contributorId":28417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, X.","contributorId":67635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yu, G.","contributorId":61198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhou, T.","contributorId":93248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bahn, M.","contributorId":100668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahn","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Black, A.","contributorId":62870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Desai, A.R.","contributorId":28835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desai","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cescatti, A.","contributorId":25023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cescatti","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Marcolla, B.","contributorId":105573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcolla","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Jacobs, C.","contributorId":55251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobs","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Chen, J.","contributorId":104634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Aurela, M.","contributorId":85448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aurela","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Bernhofer, C.","contributorId":37964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhofer","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Gielen, B.","contributorId":28467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gielen","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Bohrer, G.","contributorId":60892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohrer","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Cook, 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T.","contributorId":45160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grnwald","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Ibrom, A.","contributorId":46809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibrom","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Leclerc, M.Y.","contributorId":78596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leclerc","given":"M.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Lindroth, A.","contributorId":24610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindroth","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Liu, H.","contributorId":12222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Marchesini, L.B.","contributorId":38402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marchesini","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Montagnani, L.","contributorId":33157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montagnani","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Pita, G.","contributorId":42074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pita","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Rodeghiero, M.","contributorId":107547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodeghiero","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Rodrigues, A.","contributorId":45161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodrigues","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Starr, G.","contributorId":44776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starr","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Stoy, Paul C.","contributorId":60860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoy","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33}]}}
,{"id":70034757,"text":"70034757 - 2011 - Infrasound from the 2007 fissure eruptions of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T09:37:06","indexId":"70034757","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infrasound from the 2007 fissure eruptions of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"Varied acoustic signals were recorded at Kīlauea Volcano in mid-2007, coincident with dramatic changes in the volcano's activity. Prior to this time period, Pu'u 'Ō'ō crater produced near-continuous infrasonic tremor and was the primary source of degassing and lava effusion at Kīlauea. Collapse and draining of Pu'u 'Ō'ō  crater in mid-June produced impulsive infrasonic signals and fluctuations in infrasonic tremor. Fissure eruptions on 19 June and 21 July were clearly located spatially and temporally using infrasound arrays. The 19 June eruption from a fissure approximately mid-way between Kīlauea's summit and Pu'u 'O'o produced infrasound for ~30 minutes-the only observed geophysical signal associated with the fissure opening. The infrasound signal from the 21 July eruption just east of Pu'u 'Ō'ō  shows a clear azimuthal progression over time, indicative of fissure propagation over 12.9 hours. The total fissure propagation rate is relatively slow at 164 m/hr, although the fissure system ruptured discontinuously. Individual fissure rupture times are estimated using the acoustic data combined with visual observations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010GL046422","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Fee, D., Garces, M., Orr, T., and Poland, M.P., 2011, Infrasound from the 2007 fissure eruptions of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, 5 p.; L06309, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046422.","productDescription":"5 p.; L06309","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475169,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gl046422","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215635,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046422"},{"id":243452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.05,19.58 ], [ -155.05,19.76 ], [ -155.03,19.76 ], [ -155.03,19.58 ], [ -155.05,19.58 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bcae4b0c8380cd62839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fee, D.","contributorId":23353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fee","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garces, M.","contributorId":42406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garces","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orr, Tim R. 0000-0003-1157-7588","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-7588","contributorId":26365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim R.","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035092,"text":"70035092 - 2011 - Efficiency of time-lapse intervals and simple baits for camera surveys of wild pigs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-01T20:29:58.859652","indexId":"70035092","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficiency of time-lapse intervals and simple baits for camera surveys of wild pigs","docAbstract":"<p><span>Growing concerns surrounding established and expanding populations of wild pigs (</span><i>Sus scrofa</i><span>) have created the need for rapid and accurate surveys of these populations. We conducted surveys of a portion of the wild pig population on Fort Benning, Georgia, to determine if a longer time‐lapse interval than had been previously used in surveys of wild pigs would generate similar detection results. We concurrently examined whether use of soured corn at camera sites affected the time necessary for pigs to locate a new camera site or the time pigs remained at a site. Our results suggest that a 9‐min time‐lapse interval generated dependable detection results for pigs and that soured corn neither attracted pigs to a site any quicker than plain, dry, whole‐kernel corn, nor held them at a site longer. Maximization of time‐lapse interval should decrease data and processing loads, and use of a simple, available bait should decrease cost and effort associated with more complicated baits; combination of these concepts should increase efficiency of wild pig surveys.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.75","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Williams, B., Holtfreter, R., Ditchkoff, S., and Grand, J.B., 2011, Efficiency of time-lapse intervals and simple baits for camera surveys of wild pigs: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 3, p. 655-659, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.75.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"655","endPage":"659","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215539,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.75"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Fort Benning","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.9188232421875,\n              32.298741441902436\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.71145629882812,\n              32.298741441902436\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.71145629882812,\n              32.43213582305027\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.9188232421875,\n              32.43213582305027\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.9188232421875,\n              32.298741441902436\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0866e4b0c8380cd51ade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, B.L.","contributorId":69804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holtfreter, R.W.","contributorId":67315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holtfreter","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ditchkoff, S.S.","contributorId":100580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ditchkoff","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034659,"text":"70034659 - 2011 - Algal bioassessment metrics for wadeable streams and rivers of Maine, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T15:33:29.101115","indexId":"70034659","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Algal bioassessment metrics for wadeable streams and rivers of Maine, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many state water-quality agencies use biological assessment methods based on lotic fish and macroinvertebrate communities, but relatively few states have incorporated algal multimetric indices into monitoring programs. Algae are good indicators for monitoring water quality because they are sensitive to many environmental stressors. We evaluated benthic algal community attributes along a landuse gradient affecting wadeable streams and rivers in Maine, USA, to identify potential bioassessment metrics. We collected epilithic algal samples from 193 locations across the state. We computed weighted-average optima for common taxa for total P, total N, specific conductance, % impervious cover, and % developed watershed, which included all land use that is no longer forest or wetland. We assigned Maine stream tolerance values and categories (sensitive, intermediate, tolerant) to taxa based on their optima and responses to watershed disturbance. We evaluated performance of algal community metrics used in multimetric indices from other regions and novel metrics based on Maine data. Metrics specific to Maine data, such as the relative richness of species characterized as being sensitive in Maine, were more correlated with % developed watershed than most metrics used in other regions. Few community-structure attributes (e.g., species richness) were useful metrics in Maine. Performance of algal bioassessment models would be improved if metrics were evaluated with attributes of local data before inclusion in multimetric indices or statistical models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1899/10-162.1","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Danielson, T.J., Loftin, C., Tsomides, L., DiFranco, J.L., and Connors, B., 2011, Algal bioassessment metrics for wadeable streams and rivers of Maine, USA: Freshwater Science, v. 30, no. 4, p. 1033-1048, https://doi.org/10.1899/10-162.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1033","endPage":"1048","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-025908","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243413,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215599,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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,{"id":70034626,"text":"70034626 - 2011 - Habitat use and movement of the endangered Arroyo Toad (Anaxyrus californicus) in coastal southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T19:41:27.823515","indexId":"70034626","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use and movement of the endangered Arroyo Toad (Anaxyrus californicus) in coastal southern California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Information on the habitat use and movement patterns of Arroyo Toads (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Anaxyrus californicus</span><span>) is limited. The temporal and spatial characteristics of terrestrial habitat use, especially as it relates to upland use in coastal areas of the species' range, are poorly understood. We present analyses of radiotelemetry data from 40 individual adult toads tracked at a single site in coastal southern California from March through November of 2004. We quantify adult Arroyo Toad habitat use and movements and interpret results in the context of their life history. We show concentrated activity by both male and female toads along stream terraces during and after breeding, and, although our fall sample size is low, the continued presence of adult toads in the floodplain through the late fall. Adult toads used open sandy flats with sparse vegetation. Home-range size and movement frequency varied as a function of body mass. Observed spatial patterns of movement and habitat use both during and outside of the breeding period as well as available climatological data suggest that overwintering of toads in floodplain habitats of near-coastal areas of southern California may be more common than previously considered. If adult toads are not migrating out of the floodplain at the close of the breeding season but instead overwinter on stream terraces in near-coastal areas, then current management practices that assume toad absence from floodplain habitats may be leaving adult toads over-wintering on stream terraces vulnerable to human disturbance during a time of year when Arroyo Toad mortality is potentially highest.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1670/10-160.1","issn":"00221511","usgsCitation":"Mitrovich, M., Gallegos, E., Lyren, L., Lovich, R., and Fisher, R., 2011, Habitat use and movement of the endangered Arroyo Toad (Anaxyrus californicus) in coastal southern California: Journal of Herpetology, v. 45, no. 3, p. 319-328, https://doi.org/10.1670/10-160.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"328","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215627,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1670/10-160.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Califorina","otherGeospatial":"Coastal Southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.74572753906249,\n              32.63012300670739\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.103515625,\n              32.667124733120325\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.3504638671875,\n              34.00258128543371\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.11352539062499,\n              35.092945313732635\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.2783203125,\n              34.42956713470528\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.74572753906249,\n              32.63012300670739\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f33e4b0c8380cd5cb98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitrovich, M.J.","contributorId":43166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitrovich","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallegos, E.A.","contributorId":100634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyren, L.M.","contributorId":11983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyren","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lovich, R.E.","contributorId":98251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032440,"text":"70032440 - 2011 - USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032440","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":793,"text":"Annals of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) \"Did You Feel It?\" (DYFI) system is an automated approach for rapidly collecting macroseismic intensity data from Internet users' shaking and damage reports and generating intensity maps immediately following earthquakes; it has been operating for over a decade (1999-2011). DYFI-based intensity maps made rapidly available through the DYFI system fundamentally depart from more traditional maps made available in the past. The maps are made more quickly, provide more complete coverage and higher resolution, provide for citizen input and interaction, and allow data collection at rates and quantities never before considered. These aspects of Internet data collection, in turn, allow for data analyses, graphics, and ways to communicate with the public, opportunities not possible with traditional data-collection approaches. Yet web-based contributions also pose considerable challenges, as discussed herein. After a decade of operational experience with the DYFI system and users, we document refinements to the processing and algorithmic procedures since DYFI was first conceived. We also describe a number of automatic post-processing tools, operations, applications, and research directions, all of which utilize the extensive DYFI intensity datasets now gathered in near-real time. DYFI can be found online at the website http://earthquake.usgs.gov/dyfi/. ?? 2011 by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4401/ag-5354","issn":"15935213","usgsCitation":"Wald, D., Quitoriano, V., Worden, B., Hopper, M., and Dewey, J.W., 2011, USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps: Annals of Geophysics, v. 54, no. 6, p. 688-707, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354.","startPage":"688","endPage":"707","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475086,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213631,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354"},{"id":241277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb84e4b08c986b32868d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wald, D.J. 0000-0002-1454-4514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":43809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quitoriano, V.","contributorId":22519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quitoriano","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Worden, B.","contributorId":15842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worden","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hopper, M.","contributorId":25999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dewey, J. W.","contributorId":31008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032445,"text":"70032445 - 2011 - Mapping and monitoring Louisiana's mangroves in the aftermath of the 2010 Gulf of Mexico Oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T12:32:38","indexId":"70032445","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping and monitoring Louisiana's mangroves in the aftermath of the 2010 Gulf of Mexico Oil spill","docAbstract":"<p><span>Information regarding the present condition, historical status, and dynamics of mangrove forests is needed to study the impacts of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill and other stressors affecting mangrove ecosystems. Such information is unavailable for Louisiana at sufficient spatial and thematic detail. We prepared mangrove forest distribution maps of Louisiana (prior to the oil spill) at 1&nbsp;m and 30&nbsp;m spatial resolution using aerial photographs and Landsat satellite data, respectively. Image classification was performed using a decision-tree classification approach. We also prepared land-cover change pairs for 1983, 1984, and every 2&nbsp;y from 1984 to 2010 depicting “ecosystem shifts” (e.g., expansion, retraction, and disappearance). This new spatiotemporal information could be used to assess short-term and long-term impacts of the oil spill on mangroves. Finally, we propose an operational methodology based on remote sensing (Landsat, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer [ASTER], hyperspectral, light detection and ranging [LIDAR], aerial photographs, and field inventory data) to monitor the existing and emerging mangrove areas and their disturbance and regrowth patterns. Several parameters such as spatial distribution, ecosystem shifts, species composition, and tree height/biomass could be measured to assess the impact of the oil spill and mangrove recovery and restoration. Future research priorities will be to quantify the impacts and recovery of mangroves considering multiple stressors and perturbations, including oil spill, winter freeze, sea-level rise, land subsidence, and land-use/land-cover change for the entire Gulf Coast.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00028.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Giri, S., Long, J., and Tieszen, L., 2011, Mapping and monitoring Louisiana's mangroves in the aftermath of the 2010 Gulf of Mexico Oil spill: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 27, no. 6, p. 1059-1064, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00028.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1059","endPage":"1064","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213689,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00028.1"}],"volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5050e4b0c8380cd6b5d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giri, S.","contributorId":102621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, J.","contributorId":41993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tieszen, L.","contributorId":22887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032446,"text":"70032446 - 2011 - Shortnose sturgeon use small coastal rivers: The importance of habitat connectivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-14T14:29:32","indexId":"70032446","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shortnose sturgeon use small coastal rivers: The importance of habitat connectivity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Contrary to conventional wisdom for shortnose sturgeon (</span><i>Acipenser brevirostrum</i><span>), we document shortnose sturgeon use of habitats beyond large rivers. Telemetry data from 2008 to 2010 in the Gulf of Maine demonstrates that adult shortnose sturgeon (up to 70%) frequently move between Maine’s two largest rivers, the Kennebec and Penobscot Rivers. Even more interesting, small rivers located between these watersheds were used by 52% of the coastal migrants. Small river use was not trivial, 80% of observed movements extended more than 10&nbsp;km upstream. However, visits were short in duration. This pattern indicates one of several possibilities: directed use of resources, searching behaviors related to reproduction (i.e. straying) or undirected wandering. Data suggest a relationship between residence time in small rivers and distance to the lowermost barrier. Restoring connectivity to upstream habitats in these rivers could allow opportunities for metapopulation expansion. Regional management of shortnose sturgeon in the Gulf of Maine should incorporate a habitat framework that considers small coastal rivers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01826.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Zydlewski, G., Kinnison, M., Dionne, P., Zydlewski, J.D., and Wippelhauser, G.S., 2011, Shortnose sturgeon use small coastal rivers: The importance of habitat connectivity: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 27, no. s2, p. 41-44, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01826.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-028647","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241342,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213690,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01826.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.1422119140625,\n              43.6599240747891\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.52996826171875,\n              43.6599240747891\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.52996826171875,\n              44.88506649401471\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.1422119140625,\n              44.88506649401471\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.1422119140625,\n              43.6599240747891\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"s2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ee4e4b08c986b318be6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zydlewski, Gayle B.","contributorId":139211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Gayle B.","affiliations":[{"id":12606,"text":"University of Maine, Dept of Plant, Soil, & Envir Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinnison, M.T.","contributorId":85410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinnison","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dionne, P.E.","contributorId":83747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dionne","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":436224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wippelhauser, Gail S.","contributorId":169680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wippelhauser","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":25571,"text":"Maine Department of Marine Resources, Augusta, ME","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032361,"text":"70032361 - 2011 - Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T11:55:58.67828","indexId":"70032361","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw","docAbstract":"<p>Permafrost contains an estimated 1672 Pg carbon (C), an amount roughly equivalent to the total currently contained within land plants and the atmosphere1,2,3. This reservoir of C is vulnerable to decomposition as rising global temperatures cause the permafrost to thaw2. During thaw, trapped organic matter may become more accessible for microbial degradation and result in greenhouse gas emissions4,5. Despite recent advances in the use of molecular tools to study permafrost microbial communities6,7,8,9, their response to thaw remains unclear. Here we use deep metagenomic sequencing to determine the impact of thaw on microbial phylogenetic and functional genes, and relate these data to measurements of methane emissions. Metagenomics, the direct sequencing of DNA from the environment, allows the examination of whole biochemical pathways and associated processes, as opposed to individual pieces of the metabolic puzzle. Our metagenome analyses reveal that during transition from a frozen to a thawed state there are rapid shifts in many microbial, phylogenetic and functional gene abundances and pathways. After one week of incubation at 5 °C, permafrost metagenomes converge to be more similar to each other than while they are frozen. We find that multiple genes involved in cycling of C and nitrogen shift rapidly during thaw. We also construct the first draft genome from a complex soil metagenome, which corresponds to a novel methanogen. Methane previously accumulated in permafrost is released during thaw and subsequently consumed by methanotrophic bacteria. Together these data point towards the importance of rapid cycling of methane and nitrogen in thawing permafrost.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature10576","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"MacKelprang, R., Waldrop, M., Deangelis, K., David, M., Chavarria, K., Blazewicz, S., Rubin, E., and Jansson, J., 2011, Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw: Nature, v. 480, no. 7377, p. 368-371, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10576.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"368","endPage":"371","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1051660","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"480","issue":"7377","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a546ae4b0c8380cd6cf8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKelprang, R.","contributorId":96490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKelprang","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deangelis, K.M.","contributorId":103096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deangelis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"David, M.M.","contributorId":55219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chavarria, K.L.","contributorId":82932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chavarria","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blazewicz, S.J.","contributorId":98957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazewicz","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rubin, E.M.","contributorId":26890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jansson, J.K.","contributorId":85411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jansson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70032356,"text":"70032356 - 2011 - Nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) during the maternity season in West Virginia (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032356","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":629,"text":"Acta Chiropterologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) during the maternity season in West Virginia (USA)","docAbstract":"Nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) at diurnal roost trees remain largely uninvestigated. For example, the influence of reproductive status, weather, and roost tree and surrounding habitat characteristics on timing of emergence, intra-night activity, and entrance at their roost trees is poorly known. We examined nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis maternity colonies during pregnancy and lactation at diurnal roost trees situated in areas that were and were not subjected to recent prescribed fires at the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia from 2007 to 2009. According to exit counts and acoustic data, northern myotis colony sizes were similar between reproductive periods and roost tree settings. However, intra-night activity patterns differed slightly between reproductive periods and roost trees in burned and non-burned areas. Weather variables poorly explained variation in activity patterns during pregnancy, but precipitation and temperature were negatively associated with activity patterns during lactation. ?? Museum and Institute of Zoology PAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Acta Chiropterologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3161/150811011X624866","issn":"15081109","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J., Edwards, J., and Ford, W., 2011, Nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) during the maternity season in West Virginia (USA): Acta Chiropterologica, v. 13, no. 2, p. 391-397, https://doi.org/10.3161/150811011X624866.","startPage":"391","endPage":"397","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3161/150811011X624866"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6727e4b0c8380cd731e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, J.B.","contributorId":35107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, J.W.","contributorId":62002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, W.M.","contributorId":50475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032451,"text":"70032451 - 2011 - Nest-site fidelity and dispersal of Gyrfalcons estimated by noninvasive genetic sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:13:48","indexId":"70032451","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Nest-site fidelity and dispersal of Gyrfalcons estimated by noninvasive genetic sampling","docAbstract":"We used feathers from adult Gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) molted in breeding territories and blood samples from nestlings to document nest-site fidelity and dispersal of breeding adults and juveniles at three areas 100- 350 km apart in Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 2003-2007. We used genotypes from seven polymorphic microsatellite loci that provided a mean probability of identity of 0.91 ??10  -5. Breeding Gyrfalcons were highly faithful to study area and territory; we documented no dispersals of breeding birds among study areas and only one dispersal between territories. But their fidelity to nest sites was low; 22% of birds returned to the same nest site the following year. Distance among alternate nests within a territory averaged 750 m and was similar for both sexes. Mean tenure in a territory was 2.8 years, similar for both sexes, and distributed bimodally with peaks at 1 and 4 years. Mean annual turnover rate at the Ingakslugwat Hills (Volcanoes) study area was 20%. We detected three young that established breeding territories at distances ranging from 0 to 254 km from their natal territory, representing 2.5% apparent recruitment. Gyrfalcons in the Askinuk Mountains study area were slightly but statistically significantly differentiated genetically from those in the Volcanoes and Kilbuck Mountain study areas. These data are the first published on the nest-site fidelity, breeding dispersal, and natal dispersal of the Gyrfalcon in North America and demonstrate the utility of noninvasive genetic sampling to greatly improve our understanding of avian dispersal and its underlying mechanisms. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2011.","largerWorkTitle":"Condor","language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2011.100178","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Booms, T.L., Talbot, S.L., Sage, G.K., McCaffery, B.J., McCracken, K.G., and Schempf, P.F., 2011, Nest-site fidelity and dispersal of Gyrfalcons estimated by noninvasive genetic sampling, <i>in</i> Condor, v. 113, no. 4, p. 768-778, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100178.","startPage":"768","endPage":"778","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475144,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100178","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213784,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.100178"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a64a9e4b0c8380cd72a18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booms, Travis L.","contributorId":199285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Booms","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":436240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCaffery, Brian J.","contributorId":37617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffery","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCracken, Kevin G.","contributorId":72309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCracken","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":436239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schempf, Philip F.","contributorId":36795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035651,"text":"70035651 - 2011 - New insights of tsunami hazard from the 2011 Tohoku-oki event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T20:33:46.421598","indexId":"70035651","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights of tsunami hazard from the 2011 Tohoku-oki event","docAbstract":"<p><span>We report initial results from our recent field survey documenting the inundation and resultant deposits of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami from Sendai Plain, Japan. The tsunami inundated up to 4.5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km inland but the &gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>cm-thick sand deposit extended only 2.8</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km (62% of the inundation distance). The deposit however continued as a mud layer to the inundation limit. The mud deposit contained high concentrations of water-leachable chloride and we conclude that geochemical markers and microfossil data may prove to be useful in identifying the maximum inundation limit of paleotsunamis that could extend well beyond any preserved sand layer. Our newly acquired data on the 2011 event suggest that previous estimates of paleotsunamis (e.g. 869 AD Jōgan earthquake and tsunami) in this area have probably been underestimated. If the 2011 and 869 AD events are indeed comparable, the risk from these natural hazards in Japan is much greater than previously recognized.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2011.10.004","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Goto, K., Chague-Goff, C., Fujino, S., Goff, J., Jaffe, B., Nishimura, Y., Richmond, B.M., Sugawara, D., Szczucinski, W., Tappin, D., Witter, R., and Yulianto, E., 2011, New insights of tsunami hazard from the 2011 Tohoku-oki event: Marine Geology, v. 290, no. 1-4, p. 46-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.10.004.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"50","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.10.004"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":"Sendai Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              140.679931640625,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              141.1248779296875,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              141.1248779296875,\n              38.42024233971636\n            ],\n            [\n              140.679931640625,\n              38.42024233971636\n            ],\n            [\n              140.679931640625,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"290","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65dde4b0c8380cd72c74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goto, K.","contributorId":20568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goto","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chague-Goff, C.","contributorId":59651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chague-Goff","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fujino, S.","contributorId":35155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujino","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goff, J.","contributorId":50730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce","contributorId":203445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nishimura, Y.","contributorId":58442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishimura","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sugawara, D.","contributorId":78169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sugawara","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Szczucinski, Witold","contributorId":76572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szczucinski","given":"Witold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tappin, D.R.","contributorId":104306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappin","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Yulianto, E.","contributorId":94871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yulianto","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70035650,"text":"70035650 - 2011 - An Analysis of the Published Mineral Resource Estimates of the Haji-Gak Iron Deposit, Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T16:24:38.902248","indexId":"70035650","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An Analysis of the Published Mineral Resource Estimates of the Haji-Gak Iron Deposit, Afghanistan","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Haji-Gak iron deposit of eastern Bamyan Province, eastern Afghanistan, was studied extensively and resource calculations were made in the 1960s by Afghan and Russian geologists. Recalculation of the resource estimates verifies the original estimates for categories A (in-place resources known in detail), B (in-place resources known in moderate detail), and C</span><sub>1</sub><span>&nbsp;(in-place resources estimated on sparse data), totaling 110.8&nbsp;Mt, or about 6% of the resources as being supportable for the methods used in the 1960s. C</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;(based on a loose exploration grid with little data) resources are based on one ore grade from one drill hole, and P</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;(prognosis) resources are based on field observations, field measurements, and an ore grade derived from averaging grades from three better sampled ore bodies. C</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;and P</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;resources are 1,659.1&nbsp;Mt or about 94% of the total resources in the deposit. The vast P</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;resources have not been drilled or sampled to confirm their extent or quality. The purpose of this article is to independently evaluate the resources of the Haji-Gak iron deposit by using the available geologic and mineral resource information including geologic maps and cross sections, sampling data, and the analog-estimating techniques of the 1960s to determine the size and tenor of the deposit.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resources Research","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s11053-011-9154-0","issn":"15207439","usgsCitation":"Sutphin, D., Renaud, K., and Drew, L., 2011, An Analysis of the Published Mineral Resource Estimates of the Haji-Gak Iron Deposit, Afghanistan: Natural Resources Research, v. 20, no. 4, p. 329-353, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-011-9154-0.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"353","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216399,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-011-9154-0"}],"country":"Afghanistan","otherGeospatial":"Haji-Gak iron deposit in Eastern Afghanistan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              67.91748046874999,\n              34.00713506435885\n            ],\n            [\n              69.3511962890625,\n              34.00713506435885\n            ],\n            [\n              69.3511962890625,\n              35.250105158539355\n            ],\n            [\n              67.91748046874999,\n              35.250105158539355\n            ],\n            [\n              67.91748046874999,\n              34.00713506435885\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9d0e4b0c8380cd48491","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutphin, David M.","contributorId":53769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"David M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Renaud, Karine krenaud@usgs.gov","contributorId":195405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renaud","given":"Karine","email":"krenaud@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drew, Lawrence J. ldrew@usgs.gov","contributorId":190730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"ldrew@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037024,"text":"70037024 - 2011 - Predicting carnivore occurrence with noninvasive surveys and occupancy modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T13:12:41","indexId":"70037024","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting carnivore occurrence with noninvasive surveys and occupancy modeling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Terrestrial carnivores typically have large home ranges and exist at low population densities, thus presenting challenges to wildlife researchers. We employed multiple, noninvasive survey methods&mdash;scat detection dogs, remote cameras, and hair snares&mdash;to collect detection&ndash;nondetection data for elusive American black bears (</span><i class=\"a-plus-plus\">Ursus americanus</i><span>), fishers (</span><i class=\"a-plus-plus\">Martes pennanti)</i><span>, and bobcats (</span><i class=\"a-plus-plus\">Lynx rufus</i><span>) throughout the rugged Vermont landscape. We analyzed these data using occupancy modeling that explicitly incorporated detectability as well as habitat and landscape variables. For black bears, percentage of forested land within 5&nbsp;km of survey sites was an important positive predictor of occupancy, and percentage of human developed land within 5&nbsp;km was a negative predictor. Although the relationship was less clear for bobcats, occupancy appeared positively related to the percentage of both mixed forest and forested wetland habitat within 1&nbsp;km of survey sites. The relationship between specific covariates and fisher occupancy was unclear, with no specific habitat or landscape variables directly related to occupancy. For all species, we used model averaging to predict occurrence across the study area. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses of our black bear and fisher models suggested that occupancy modeling efforts with data from noninvasive surveys could be useful for carnivore conservation and management, as they provide insights into habitat use at the regional and landscape scale without requiring capture or direct observation of study species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-010-9547-1","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Long, R.A., Donovan, T., MacKay, P., Zielinski, W.J., and Buzas, J.S., 2011, Predicting carnivore occurrence with noninvasive surveys and occupancy modeling: Landscape Ecology, v. 26, no. 3, p. 327-340, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-010-9547-1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"327","endPage":"340","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013148","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit 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A.","contributorId":11732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donovan, Therese M. tdonovan@usgs.gov","contributorId":2653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"Therese M.","email":"tdonovan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacKay, Paula","contributorId":37042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacKay","given":"Paula","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zielinski, William J.","contributorId":35440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zielinski","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buzas, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":86080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buzas","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035649,"text":"70035649 - 2011 - Effects of reduction in porosity and permeability with depth on storage capacity and injectivity in deep saline aquifers: A case study from the Mount Simon Sandstone aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T21:12:22.416992","indexId":"70035649","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2049,"text":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of reduction in porosity and permeability with depth on storage capacity and injectivity in deep saline aquifers: A case study from the Mount Simon Sandstone aquifer","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Upper Cambrian Mount Simon Sandstone is recognized as a deep saline reservoir that has significant potential for geological sequestration in the Midwestern region of the United States. Porosity and permeability values collected from core analyses in rocks from this formation and its lateral equivalents in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, and Ohio indicate a predictable relationship with depth owing to a reduction in the pore structure due to the effects of compaction and/or cementation, primarily as quartz overgrowths. The regional trend of decreasing porosity with depth is described by the equation:&nbsp;</span><i>ϕ</i><span>(</span><i>d</i><span>)</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>=</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>16.36</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>×</span><span>&nbsp;</span><i>e</i><sup>−0.00039*<i>d</i></sup><span>, where&nbsp;</span><i>ϕ</i><span>&nbsp;is the porosity and&nbsp;</span><i>d</i><span>&nbsp;is the depth in m. The decrease of porosity with depth generally holds true on a basinwide scale. Bearing in mind local variations in lithologic and petrophysical character within the Mount Simon Sandstone, the source data that were used to predict porosity were utilized to estimate the pore volume available within the reservoir that could potentially serve as storage space for injected CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>. The potential storage capacity estimated for the Mount Simon Sandstone in the study area, using efficiency factors of 1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%, is 23,680, 118,418, 236,832, and 355,242 million metric tons of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, respectively.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.03.001","issn":"17505836","usgsCitation":"Medina, C., Rupp, J., and Barnes, D., 2011, Effects of reduction in porosity and permeability with depth on storage capacity and injectivity in deep saline aquifers: A case study from the Mount Simon Sandstone aquifer: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, v. 5, no. 1, p. 146-156, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.03.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"156","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488083,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1039694","text":"External 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C.R.","contributorId":58857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medina","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rupp, J.A.","contributorId":30596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupp","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnes, D.A.","contributorId":34786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036735,"text":"70036735 - 2011 - Positive feedback and momentum growth during debris-flow entrainment of wet bed sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-03T15:02:51.431151","indexId":"70036735","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Positive feedback and momentum growth during debris-flow entrainment of wet bed sediment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Debris flows typically occur when intense rainfall or snowmelt triggers landslides or extensive erosion on steep, debris-mantled slopes. The flows can then grow dramatically in size and speed as they entrain material from their beds and banks, but the mechanism of this growth is unclear. Indeed, momentum conservation implies that entrainment of static material should retard the motion of the flows if friction remains unchanged. Here we use data from large-scale experiments to assess the entrainment of bed material by debris flows. We find that entrainment is accompanied by increased flow momentum and speed only if large positive pore pressures develop in wet bed sediments as the sediments are overridden by debris flows. The increased pore pressure facilitates progressive scour of the bed, reduces basal friction and instigates positive feedback that causes flow speed, mass and momentum to increase. If dryer bed sediment is entrained, however, the feedback becomes negative and flow momentum declines. We infer that analogous feedbacks could operate in other types of gravity-driven mass flow that interact with erodible beds.</span>&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1040","issn":"17520894","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., Reid, M.E., Logan, M., Lahusen, R.G., Godt, J.W., and Griswold, J.P., 2011, Positive feedback and momentum growth during debris-flow entrainment of wet bed sediment: Nature Geoscience, v. 4, no. 2, p. 116-121, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1040.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"121","ipdsId":"IP-022785","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e06e4b0c8380cd7a2c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, Mark E. 0000-0002-5595-1503 mreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1503","contributorId":1167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mark","email":"mreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Logan, Matthew 0000-0002-3558-2405 mlogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-2405","contributorId":638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Matthew","email":"mlogan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lahusen, Richard G. rlahusen@usgs.gov","contributorId":535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahusen","given":"Richard","email":"rlahusen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Griswold, Julia P. griswold@usgs.gov","contributorId":4148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griswold","given":"Julia","email":"griswold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":457575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033781,"text":"70033781 - 2011 - Recent acceleration of biomass burning and carbon losses in Alaskan forests and peatlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-12T11:35:03","indexId":"70033781","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent acceleration of biomass burning and carbon losses in Alaskan forests and peatlands","docAbstract":"Climate change has increased the area affected by forest fires each year in boreal North America. Increases in burned area and fire frequency are expected to stimulate boreal carbon losses. However, the impact of wildfires on carbon emissions is also affected by the severity of burning. How climate change influences the severity of biomass burning has proved difficult to assess. Here, we examined the depth of ground-layer combustion in 178 sites dominated by black spruce in Alaska, using data collected from 31 fire events between 1983 and 2005. We show that the depth of burning increased as the fire season progressed when the annual area burned was small. However, deep burning occurred throughout the fire season when the annual area burned was large. Depth of burning increased late in the fire season in upland forests, but not in peatland and permafrost sites. Simulations of wildfire-induced carbon losses from Alaskan black spruce stands over the past 60 years suggest that ground-layer combustion has accelerated regional carbon losses over the past decade, owing to increases in burn area and late-season burning. As a result, soils in these black spruce stands have become a net source of carbon to the atmosphere, with carbon emissions far exceeding decadal uptake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1027","issn":"17520894","usgsCitation":"Turetsky, M., Kane, E., Harden, J., Ottmar, R., Manies, K., Hoy, E., and Kasischke, E., 2011, Recent acceleration of biomass burning and carbon losses in Alaskan forests and peatlands: Nature Geoscience, v. 4, no. 1, p. 27-31, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1027.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"31","costCenters":[{"id":555,"text":"Soil Biogeochemistry Group","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214472,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1027"},{"id":242200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95d6e4b0c8380cd81c70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kane, E.S.","contributorId":42275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ottmar, R.D.","contributorId":72603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottmar","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manies, K.L.","contributorId":23228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hoy, E.","contributorId":40439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoy","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kasischke, E.S.","contributorId":61201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasischke","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
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