{"pageNumber":"687","pageRowStart":"17150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70007348,"text":"fs20103113 - 2012 - Principal aquifers can contribute radium to sources of drinking water under certain geochemical conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"fs20103113","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3113","title":"Principal aquifers can contribute radium to sources of drinking water under certain geochemical conditions","docAbstract":"What are the most important factors affecting dissolved radium concentrations in principal aquifers used for drinking water in the United States? Study results reveal where radium was detected and how rock type and chemical processes control radium occurrence. Knowledge of the geochemical conditions may help water-resource managers anticipate where radium may be elevated in groundwater and minimize exposure to radium, which contributes to cancer risk. Summary of Major Findings: * Concentrations of radium in principal aquifers used for drinking water throughout the United States generally were below 5 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) for combined radium - radium-226 (Ra-226) plus radium-228 (Ra-228) - in public water supplies. About 3 percent of sampled wells had combined radium concentrations greater than the MCL. * Elevated concentrations of combined radium were more common in groundwater in the eastern and central United States than in other regions of the Nation. About 98 percent of the wells that contained combined radium at concentrations greater than the MCL were east of the High Plains. * The highest concentrations of combined radium were in the Mid-Continent and Ozark Plateau Cambro-Ordovician aquifer system and the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer system. More than 20 percent of sampled wells in these aquifers had combined radium concentrations that were greater than or equal to the MCL. * Concentrations of Ra-226 correlated with those of Ra-228. Radium-226 and Ra-228 occur most frequently together in unconsolidated sand aquifers, and their presence is strongly linked to groundwater chemistry. * Three common geochemical factors are associated with the highest radium concentrations in groundwater: (1) oxygen-poor water, (2) acidic conditions (low pH), and (3) high concentrations of dissolved solids.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103113","usgsCitation":"Szabo, Z., Fischer, J., and Hancock, T.C., 2012, Principal aquifers can contribute radium to sources of drinking water under certain geochemical conditions: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3113, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103113.","productDescription":"6 p.","temporalStart":"1990-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3113.jpg"},{"id":115789,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3113/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ba8e4b0c8380cd7e2c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Zoltan 0000-0002-0760-9607 zszabo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":2240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Zoltan","email":"zszabo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fischer, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2996-9272 fischer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-9272","contributorId":573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jeffrey M.","email":"fischer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hancock, Tracy Connell","contributorId":62295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hancock","given":"Tracy","email":"","middleInitial":"Connell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007332,"text":"ofr20111314 - 2012 - Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2009 through September 2010) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"ofr20111314","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1314","title":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2009 through September 2010) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana","docAbstract":"Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in streams from Butte to near Missoula, Montana, as part of a monitoring program in the upper Clark Fork basin. The sampling program was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to characterize aquatic resources in the Clark Fork basin of western Montana, with emphasis on trace elements associated with historic mining and smelting activities. Sampling sites were located on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries. Water samples were collected periodically at 20 sites from October 2009 through September 2010. Bed-sediment and biota samples were collected once at 13 sites during August 2010. This report presents the analytical results and quality-assurance data for water-quality, bed-sediment, and biota samples collected at sites from October 2009 through September 2010. Water-quality data include concentrations of selected major ions, trace elements, and suspended sediment. Turbidity was analyzed for water samples collected at the four sites where seasonal daily values of turbidity were being determined. Daily values of suspended-sediment concentration and suspended-sediment discharge were determined for four sites. Bed-sediment data include trace-element concentrations in the fine-grained fraction. Biological data include trace-element concentrations in whole-body tissue of aquatic benthic insects. Statistical summaries of water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data for sites in the upper Clark Fork basin are provided for the period of record since 1985.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111314","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J., 2012, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2009 through September 2010) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1314, vi, 120 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111314.","productDescription":"vi, 120 p.","temporalStart":"2009-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1314.png"},{"id":115790,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1314/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Clark Fork Basin","city":"Butte","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.25,45.75 ], [ -114.25,47 ], [ -112,47 ], [ -112,45.75 ], [ -114.25,45.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bce5ee4b08c986b32e36e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, Kent A. kdodge@usgs.gov","contributorId":1036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"Kent","email":"kdodge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dyke, Jessica jldyke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyke","given":"Jessica","email":"jldyke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007326,"text":"fs20123003 - 2012 - Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in conventional and continuous petroleum systems in the Upper Cretaceous Eagle Ford Group, U.S. Gulf Coast region, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-11T00:10:04","indexId":"fs20123003","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-08T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3003","title":"Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in conventional and continuous petroleum systems in the Upper Cretaceous Eagle Ford Group, U.S. Gulf Coast region, 2011","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey assessed means of (1) 141 million barrels of oil (MMBO), 502 billion cubic feet of natural gas (BCFG), and 16 million barrels of natural gas liquids (MMBNGL) in the conventional Eagle Ford Updip Sandstone Oil and Gas Assessment Unit (AU); (2) 853 MMBO, 1,707 BCFG, and 34 MMBNGL in the continuous Eagle Ford Shale Oil AU; and (3) 50,219 BCFG and 2,009 MMBNGL in the continuous Eagle Ford Shale Gas AU in onshore lands and State waters of the Gulf Coast.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reson, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123003","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Assessment of Oil and Gas","usgsCitation":"Dubiel, R.F., Pitman, J.K., Pearson, O.N., Pearson, K., Kinney, S.A., Lewan, M., Burke, L., Biewick, L., Charpentier, R., Cook, T.A., Klett, T., Pollastro, R.M., and Schenk, C.J., 2012, Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in conventional and continuous petroleum systems in the Upper Cretaceous Eagle Ford Group, U.S. Gulf Coast region, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3003, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123003.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116462,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3003.gif"},{"id":115785,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3003/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Coast Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104,23 ], [ -104,38 ], [ -77,38 ], [ -77,23 ], [ -104,23 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee76e4b0c8380cd49d7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearson, Ofori N. 0000-0002-9550-1128 opearson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9550-1128","contributorId":1680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"Ofori","email":"opearson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearson, Krystal","contributorId":91609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"Krystal","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kinney, Scott A. 0000-0001-5008-5813 skinney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-5813","contributorId":1395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Scott","email":"skinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lewan, Michael D. mlewan@usgs.gov","contributorId":940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Michael D.","email":"mlewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burke, Lauri 0000-0002-2035-8048","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":44891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Biewick, Laura","contributorId":83148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biewick","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cook, Troy A.","contributorId":52519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Klett, Timothy R. 0000-0001-9779-1168 tklett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-1168","contributorId":709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"Timothy R.","email":"tklett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pollastro, Richard M.","contributorId":25100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollastro","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305 schenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"schenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70007324,"text":"ds632 - 2012 - Water chemistry and electrical conductivity database for rivers in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T16:18:46","indexId":"ds632","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-08T10:34:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"632","title":"Water chemistry and electrical conductivity database for rivers in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>Chloride flux has been used to estimate heat flow in volcanic environments since the method was developed in New Zealand by Ellis and Wilson (1955). The method can be applied effectively at Yellowstone, because nearly all of the water discharged from its thermal features enters one of four major rivers (the Madison, Yellowstone, Snake, and Falls Rivers) that drain the park, and thus integration of chloride fluxes from all these rivers provides a means to monitor the total heat flow from the entire Yellowstone volcanic system (Fournier and others, 1976; Fournier, 1979). Fournier (1989) summarized the results and longterm heat-flow trends from Yellowstone, and later efforts that applied the chloride inventory method to estimate heat flow were described by Ingebritsen and others (2001) and Friedman and Norton (2007). Most recently, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in conjunction with the National Park Service, has provided publicly accessible reports on solute flux, based on periodic sampling at selected locations (Hurwitz and others, 2007a,b). While these studies have provided a wealth of valuable data, winter travel restrictions and the great distances between sites present significant logistical challenges and have limited collection to a maximum of 28 samples per site annually.</p>\n<p>This study aims to quantify relations between solute concentrations (especially chloride) and electrical conductivity for several rivers in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), by using automated samplers and conductivity meters. Norton and Friedman (1985) found that chloride concentrations and electrical conductivity have a good correlation in the Falls, Snake, Madison, and Yellowstone Rivers. However, their results are based on limited sampling and hydrologic conditions and their relation with other solutes was not determined. Once the correlations are established, conductivity measurements can then be used as a proxy for chloride concentrations, thereby enabling continuous heat-flow estimation on a much finer timescale and at lower cost than is currently possible with direct sampling. This publication serves as a repository for all data collected during the course of the study from May 2010 through July 2011, but it does not include correlations between solutes and conductivity or recommendations for quantification of chloride through continuous electrical conductivity measurements. This will be the object of a future document.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reson, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds632","collaboration":"In cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Clor, L.E., McCleskey, R.B., Huebner, M., Lowenstern, J.B., Heasler, H.P., Mahony, D.L., Maloney, T., and Evans, W.C., 2012, Water chemistry and electrical conductivity database for rivers in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 632, Report: iv, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds632.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-05-01","temporalEnd":"2011-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":686,"text":"Yellowstone Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116459,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_632.gif"},{"id":115782,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/632/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.16666666666667,44.083333333333336 ], [ -111.16666666666667,45.166666666666664 ], [ -109.75,45.166666666666664 ], [ -109.75,44.083333333333336 ], [ -111.16666666666667,44.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc7cee4b08c986b32c630","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clor, Laura E.","contributorId":94749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clor","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huebner, Mark A.","contributorId":27902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huebner","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heasler, Henry P.","contributorId":65935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heasler","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mahony, Dan L.","contributorId":43911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahony","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Maloney, Tim","contributorId":70537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maloney","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70007323,"text":"sir20115153 - 2012 - Quality of major ion and total dissolved solids data from groundwater sampled by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 1992&ndash;2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"sir20115153","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-03T10:16:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5153","title":"Quality of major ion and total dissolved solids data from groundwater sampled by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 1992&ndash;2010","docAbstract":"<p>Proper interpretation of water quality requires consideration of the effects that contamination bias and sampling variability might have on measured analyte concentrations. The effect of contamination bias and sampling variability on major ion and total dissolved solids data in water samples collected in 48 of the 52 National Water-Quality Assessment Program study units from 1992&ndash;2010 is discussed in this report. Contamination bias and sampling variability can occur as a result of sample collection, processing, shipping, and analysis. Contamination bias can adversely affect interpretation of measured concentrations in comparison to standards or criteria. Sampling variability can help determine the reproducibility of an individual measurement or whether two measurements are different.</p>\n<p>Field blank samples help determine the frequency and magnitude of contamination bias, and replicate samples help determine the sampling variability (error) of measured analyte concentrations. Quality control data were evaluated for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulfate, fluoride, silica, and total dissolved solids. A 99-percent upper confidence limit is calculated from field blanks to assess the potential for contamination bias. For magnesium, potassium, chloride, sulfate, and fluoride, potential contamination in more than 95 percent of environmental samples is less than or equal to the common maximum reporting level. Contamination bias has little effect on measured concentrations greater than 4.74 mg/L (milligrams per liter) for calcium, 14.98 mg/L for silica, 4.9 mg/L for sodium, and 120 mg/L for total dissolved solids. Estimates of sampling variability are calculated for high and low ranges of concentration for major ions and total dissolved solids. Examples showing the calculation of confidence intervals and how to determine whether measured differences between two water samples are significant are presented.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115153","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Gross, E.L., Lindsey, B., and Rupert, M.G., 2012, Quality of major ion and total dissolved solids data from groundwater sampled by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 1992&ndash;2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5153, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115153.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5153.png"},{"id":115781,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5153/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a90bce4b0c8380cd7fee1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gross, Eliza L. 0000-0002-8835-3382 egross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8835-3382","contributorId":430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Eliza","email":"egross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce D.","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70118274,"text":"70118274 - 2012 - Uranium isotopes (234U/238U) in rivers of the Yukon Basin (Alaska and Canada) as an aid in identifying water sources, with implications for monitoring hydrologic change in arctic regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T19:29:45.739973","indexId":"70118274","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-02T10:53:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Uranium isotopes (<sup>234</sup>U/<sup>238</sup>U) in rivers of the Yukon Basin (Alaska and Canada) as an aid in identifying water sources, with implications for monitoring hydrologic change in arctic regions","title":"Uranium isotopes (234U/238U) in rivers of the Yukon Basin (Alaska and Canada) as an aid in identifying water sources, with implications for monitoring hydrologic change in arctic regions","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ability to detect hydrologic variation in large arctic river systems is of major importance in understanding and predicting effects of climate change in high-latitude environments. Monitoring uranium isotopes (</span><sup>234</sup><span>U and&nbsp;</span><sup>238</sup><span>U) in river water of the Yukon River Basin of Alaska and northwestern Canada (2001–2005) has enhanced the ability to identify water sources to rivers, as well as detect flow changes that have occurred over the 5-year study. Uranium isotopic data for the Yukon River and major tributaries (the Porcupine and Tanana rivers) identify several sources that contribute to river flow, including: deep groundwater, seasonally frozen river-valley alluvium groundwater, and high-elevation glacial melt water. The main-stem Yukon River exhibits patterns of uranium isotopic variation at several locations that reflect input from ice melt and shallow groundwater in the spring, as well as a multi-year pattern of increased variability in timing and relative amount of water supplied from higher elevations within the basin. Results of this study demonstrate both the utility of uranium isotopes in revealing sources of water in large river systems and of incorporating uranium isotope analysis in long-term monitoring of arctic river systems that attempt to assess the effects of climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-012-0829-3","usgsCitation":"Kraemer, T.F., and Brabets, T.P., 2012, Uranium isotopes (234U/238U) in rivers of the Yukon Basin (Alaska and Canada) as an aid in identifying water sources, with implications for monitoring hydrologic change in arctic regions: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 20, no. 3, p. 469-481, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-012-0829-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"481","ipdsId":"IP-017066","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291134,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -164.8,61.55 ], [ -164.8,66.62 ], [ -134.84,66.62 ], [ -134.84,61.55 ], [ -164.8,61.55 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f3c1e4b0bc0bec0a0b87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraemer, Thomas F. tkraemer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraemer","given":"Thomas","email":"tkraemer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":496669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007282,"text":"ofr20121023 - 2012 - Social values for ecosystem services (SolVES): Documentation and user manual, version 2.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-03T00:10:05","indexId":"ofr20121023","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1023","title":"Social values for ecosystem services (SolVES): Documentation and user manual, version 2.0","docAbstract":"In response to the need for incorporating quantified and spatially explicit measures of social values into ecosystem services assessments, the Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center (RMGSC), in collaboration with Colorado State University, developed a geographic information system (GIS) application, Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES). With version 2.0 (SolVES 2.0), RMGSC has improved and extended the functionality of SolVES, which was designed to assess, map, and quantify the perceived social values of ecosystem services. Social values such as aesthetics, biodiversity, and recreation can be evaluated for various stakeholder groups as distinguished by their attitudes and preferences regarding public uses, such as motorized recreation and logging. As with the previous version, SolVES 2.0 derives a quantitative, 10-point, social-values metric, the Value Index, from a combination of spatial and nonspatial responses to public attitude and preference surveys and calculates metrics characterizing the underlying environment, such as average distance to water and dominant landcover. Additionally, SolVES 2.0 integrates Maxent maximum entropy modeling software to generate more complete social value maps and to produce robust statistical models describing the relationship between the social values maps and explanatory environmental variables. The performance of these models can be evaluated for a primary study area, as well as for similar areas where primary survey data are not available but where social value mapping could potentially be completed using value-transfer methodology. SolVES 2.0 also introduces the flexibility for users to define their own social values and public uses, model any number and type of environmental variable, and modify the spatial resolution of analysis. With these enhancements, SolVES 2.0 provides an improved public domain tool for decisionmakers and researchers to evaluate the social values of ecosystem services and to facilitate discussions among diverse stakeholders regarding the tradeoffs among different ecosystem services in a variety of physical and social contexts ranging from forest and rangeland to coastal and marine.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121023","collaboration":"Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program, in collaboration with Colorado State University","usgsCitation":"Sherrouse, B.C., and Semmens, D.J., 2012, Social values for ecosystem services (SolVES): Documentation and user manual, version 2.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1023, vi, 55 p.; Downloadable GIS - SolVES 2.0, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121023.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.; Downloadable GIS - SolVES 2.0","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1023.png"},{"id":115764,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91c7e4b08c986b319acb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrouse, Benson C.","contributorId":37831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrouse","given":"Benson","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007288,"text":"ofr20111280 - 2012 - Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Rogue River basin, southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-25T10:21:52","indexId":"ofr20111280","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1280","title":"Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Rogue River basin, southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>This report summarizes a preliminary assessment of bed-material transport, vertical and lateral channel changes, and existing datasets for the Rogue River basin, which encompasses 13,390 square kilometers (km<sup>2</sup>) along the southwestern Oregon coast. This study, conducted to inform permitting decisions regarding instream gravel mining, revealed that:</p><ul><li>The Rogue River in its lowermost 178.5 kilometers (km) alternates between confined and unconfined segments, and is predominately alluvial along its lowermost 44 km. The study area on the mainstem Rogue River can be divided into five reaches based on topography, hydrology, and tidal influence. The largely confined, active channel flows over bedrock and coarse bed material composed chiefly of boulders and cobbles in the Grants Pass (river kilometers [RKM] 178.5–152.8), Merlin (RKM 152.8–132.7), and Galice Reaches (RKM 132.7–43.9). Within these confined reaches, the channel contains few bars and has stable planforms except for locally wider segments such as the Brushy Chutes area in the Merlin Reach. Conversely, the active channel flows over predominately alluvial material and contains nearly continuous gravel bars in the Lobster Creek Reach (RKM 43.9–6.7). The channel in the Tidal Reach (RKM 6.7–0) is also alluvial, but tidally affected and unconfined until RKM 2. The Lobster Creek and Tidal Reaches contain some of the most extensive bar deposits within the Rogue River study area.</li><li>For the 56.6-km-long segment of the Applegate River included in this study, the river was divided into two reaches based on topography. In the Upper Applegate River Reach (RKM 56.6–41.6), the confined, active channel flows over alluvium and bedrock and has few bars. In the Lower Applegate River Reach (RKM 41.6–0), the active channel alternates between confined and unconfined segments, flows predominantly over alluvium, shifts laterally in unconfined sections, and contains more numerous and larger bars.</li><li>The 6.5-km segment of the lower Illinois River included in this study was treated as one reach. This stretch of the Illinois River is fully alluvial, with nearly continuous gravel bars flanking the channel. The width of the active channel is confined by the narrow topography of the valley.</li><li>The primary human activities that have likely influenced channel condition, bed-material transport, and the extent and area of bars are (1) historical gold mining throughout the basin, (2) historical and ongoing gravel mining from instream sites in the Tidal Reach and floodplain sites such as those in the Lower Applegate River Reach, (3) hydropower and flow control structures, (4) forest management and fires throughout the basin, and (5) dredging. These anthropogenic activities likely have varying effects on channel condition and the transport and deposition of sediment throughout the study area and over time.</li><li>Several vertical (aspect) aerial photographs (including the complete coverages of the study area taken in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2009 and the partial coverages taken in 1967, 1968, 1969, and 1990) are available for assessing long-term changes in attributes such as channel condition, bar area, and vegetation cover. A Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) survey performed in 2007–2008 provides 1-m resolution topographic data for sections of the Grants Pass (RKM 178.5–167.6) and Lobster Creek (RKM 17.8–12 and 10–6.7) Reaches and the entire Tidal Reach.</li><li>Previous studies provide information for specific locations, including (1) an estimated average annual bed-material load of 76,000 m<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>at the former Savage Rapids Dam site (RKM 173.1, Grants Pass Reach), (2) over 490 m of channel shifting from 1965 to 1991 in the Brushy Chutes area (RKM 142–141, Merlin Reach), (3) active sediment transport and channel processes in the Lobster Creek Reach, (4) lateral channel migration in the Tidal Reach, and (5) up to 1.8 m of bar aggradation from the town of Agness (RKM 45.1) to the Rogue River mouth following the flood in water year 1997.</li><li>Review of the repeat surveys conducted at the instream gravel-mining sites on Elephant and Wedderburn Bars tentatively indicated that these bars (1) experience some bed-material deposition in most years and more substantial deposition following high flows such as those in water years 1997 and 2006, and (2) are dynamic and subject to local scour and deposition.</li><li>Results from the specific gage analyses completed for five long-term USGS streamflow-gaging stations showed that only the Grants Pass station on the Rogue River (RKM 164.4, Grants Pass Reach) experienced substantial changes in the stage–discharge relationship across a range of flows from 1938 to 2009. Observed changes indicate channel incision at this site.</li><li>The Rogue and Applegate Rivers are dynamic and subject to channel shifting, aggradation, and incision, as indicated by channel cross sections surveyed during 2000–2010 on the Rogue River and 1933–2010 on the Applegate River. The elevation of the riverbed changed substantially (defined here as more than a net 0.5 m of incision or aggradation) at three locations on the Rogue River (near RKM 164.5, 139.2, and 1.3) and two on the Applegate River (near RKM 42 and 13.5).</li><li>Systematic delineation of bar features from vertical photographs taken in 1967–69, 2005, and 2009 indicated that most of the repeat mapping sites had a net loss in bar area over the analysis period, ranging from 22 percent at the Oak Flat site (Illinois River Reach) to 69 percent at the Thompson Creek site (Upper Applegate River Reach). Bar area remained stable at the Williams Creek site (Lower Applegate River Reach), but increased 11 percent at the Elephant Rock site (Tidal Reach). The declines in bar area were associated primarily with the establishment of vegetation on upper bar surfaces lacking obvious vegetation in the 1960s. Some of the apparent changes in bar area may also owe to some differences in streamflow and tide levels between the vertical photographs.</li><li>On the mainstem Rogue River, the median diameter of surface particles varied from 21 mm at the Wedderburn Bar in the Tidal Reach to more than 100 millimeters (mm) at some of the coarsest bars in the Galice Reach. Low armoring ratios tentatively indicated that sediment supply likely exceeds transport capacity at Orchard (Lobster Creek Reach) and Wedderburn (Tidal Reach) Bars. Conversely, relatively higher armoring ratios indicated that transport capacity likely is in balance with sediment supply at Roberston Bridge Bar (Merlin Reach) and exceeds sediment supply at Rogue River City (Grants Pass Reach), Solitude Riffle (Galice Reach), and Hooks Gulch (Galice Reach) Bars.</li><li>Limited particle data were collected in the study areas on the Applegate and Illinois Rivers. Particle size measurements and armoring ratios tentatively show that sediment supply likely exceeds transport capacity at Bakery Bar in the Lower Applegate Reach. Also, the bed material exiting the Applegate River is likely finer than the bed material in the Rogue River, whereas bed material exiting the Illinois River is likely coarser than the bed material in the Rogue River.</li><li>Together, these observations and findings indicate that (1) the size, area, and overall position of bars in the Rogue River study area are determined largely by valley physiography, such that unconfined alluvial sections have large channel-flanking bars, whereas confined sections have fewer and smaller bars, (2) segments within the Grants Pass, Merlin, Tidal, Upper Applegate River, and Lower Applegate River Reaches are prone to vertical and/or lateral channel adjustments, and (3) the balance between transport capacity and sediment supply varies throughout the study area.</li><li>High winter flows and the steep, confined character of much of the Rogue River within the study area result in a river corridor with a high capacity to transport bed material. In the Grants Pass and Galice Reaches, the extensive in-channel bedrock as well as the sparse number and coarse texture of bars indicate that these reaches are likely supply-limited, meaning that the river’s transport capacity exceeds the supply of bed material. In contrast, the Lobster Creek and Tidal Reaches and perhaps portions of the Merlin Reach receive bed-material inputs that more closely balance or even exceed the river’s transport capacity.</li><li>The lowermost reaches on the Illinois and Applegate Rivers are fully alluvial segments that are likely transport limited, meaning sediment supply likely exceeds the river's transport capacity. However, the steeper Upper Applegate River Reach is likely supply-limited as indicated by the sparse number and area of bars mapped in this reach and the intermittent bedrock outcrops in the channel. The sediment loads derived from these large tributaries draining the Klamath Mountains are probably important contributions to the overall transport of bed material in the Rogue River basin.</li><li>Compared to the slightly smaller Umpqua River basin (drainage area 12,103 km<sup>2</sup>) to the north, the Rogue River (13,390 km<sup>2</sup>) likely transports more bed material. Although this conclusion of greater bed-material transport in the Rogue River is tentative in the absence of either actual transport measurements or transport capacity calculations, empirical evidence, including the much greater area and frequency of bars along most of the Rogue River as well as the much shorter tidal reach on the Rogue River (6.7 km) compared to the Umpqua River (40 km) supports this inference.</li><li>More detailed investigations of bed-material transport rates and channel morphology would support assessments of channel condition, longitudinal trends in particle size, the relation between sediment supply and transport capacity, and the potential causes of bar area loss (such as vegetation establishment and potential changes in peak flow patterns). The reaches most practical for such assessments and relevant to several management and ecological issues are (1) the lower Rogue River basin, including the Lobster Creek and Tidal Reaches of the Rogue River as well as the Illinois River Reach and (2) the Lower Applegate River Reach.</li></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111280","usgsCitation":"Jones, K.L., O'Connor, J., Keith, M., Mangano, J.F., and Wallick, J., 2012, Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Rogue River basin, southwestern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1280, viii, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111280.","productDescription":"viii, 96 p.","numberOfPages":"107","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1280.jpg"},{"id":115765,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1280/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"UTM, Zone 10N","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Jackson county, Josephine county","otherGeospatial":"Rogue River Basin, Applegate River, llinois River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.75,42 ], [ -124.75,43.25 ], [ -122,43.25 ], [ -122,42 ], [ -124.75,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a82e5e4b0c8380cd7bcd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Krista L. 0000-0002-0301-4497 kljones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-4497","contributorId":4550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Krista","email":"kljones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keith, Mackenzie K.","contributorId":16560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Mackenzie K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mangano, Joseph F. 0000-0003-4213-8406 jmangano@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4213-8406","contributorId":4722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangano","given":"Joseph","email":"jmangano@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wallick, J. Rose 0000-0002-9392-272X rosewall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-272X","contributorId":3583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallick","given":"J. Rose","email":"rosewall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007279,"text":"ds606 - 2012 - Diversity and distribution of mayflies (Ephemeroptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera), and caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the South Platte River Basin, Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming, 1873-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"ds606","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"606","title":"Diversity and distribution of mayflies (Ephemeroptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera), and caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the South Platte River Basin, Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming, 1873-2010","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity (Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado), compiled collection record data to document the historical and present-day occurrence of mayfly, stonefly, and caddisfly species in the South Platte River Basin. Data were compiled from records collected between 1873 and 2010 to identify where regional knowledge about species occurrence in the basin is lacking and to encourage future researchers to locate additional populations of these poorly understood but very important organisms. This report provides a description of how data were compiled, a map of approximate collection locations, a listing of the most recent collection records from unique locations, general remarks for each species, a species list with selected summary information, and distribution maps of species collection records.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds606","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity","usgsCitation":"Zuellig, R.E., Heinold, B.D., Kondratieff, B.C., and Ruiter, D.E., 2012, Diversity and distribution of mayflies (Ephemeroptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera), and caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the South Platte River Basin, Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming, 1873-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 606, vii, 109 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds606.","productDescription":"vii, 109 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1873-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_606.png"},{"id":115761,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/606/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Albers Equal Area","country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Nebraska;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"South Platte River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106,38.5 ], [ -106,42 ], [ -100.5,42 ], [ -100.5,38.5 ], [ -106,38.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a034fe4b0c8380cd5040f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heinold, Brian D.","contributorId":11067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinold","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kondratieff, Boris C.","contributorId":24868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kondratieff","given":"Boris","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":356218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruiter, David E.","contributorId":37835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruiter","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70007284,"text":"70007284 - 2012 - Selection indicates preference in diverse habitats: A ground-nesting bird (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>) using reservoir shoreline","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T10:59:02","indexId":"70007284","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T08:44:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection indicates preference in diverse habitats: A ground-nesting bird (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>) using reservoir shoreline","docAbstract":"Animals use proximate cues to select resources that maximize individual fitness. When animals have a diverse array of available habitats, those selected could give insights into true habitat preferences. Since the construction of the Garrison Dam on the Missouri River in North Dakota, Lake Sakakawea (SAK) has become an important breeding area for federally threatened piping plovers (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>; hereafter plovers). We used conditional logistic regression to examine nest-site selection at fine scales (1, 3, and 10 m) during summers 2006&ndash;2009 by comparing characteristics at 351 nests to those of 668 random sites within nesting territories. Plovers selected sites (1 m<sup>2</sup>) that were lower than unused random sites, increasing the risk of nest inundation. Plovers selected nest sites that were flat, had little silt, and at least 1 cobble; they also selected for 3-m radius nest areas that were relatively flat and devoid of vegetation and litter. Ninety percent of nests had <38% coverage of silt and <10% slope at the site, and <15% coverage of vegetation or litter and <31% slope within the 3-m radius. Gravel was selected for at nest sites (11% median), but against in the area 10-m from the nest, suggesting plovers select for patches or strips of gravel. Although elevation is rarely evaluated in studies of ground-nesting birds, our results underscore its importance in habitat-selection studies. Relative to where plovers historically nested, habitat at SAK has more diverse topography, substrate composition, vegetation communities, and greater water-level fluctuations. Accordingly, our results provide an example of how habitat-selection results can be interpreted as habitat preferences because they are not influenced by desired habitats being scarce or absent. Further, our results will be useful for directing habitat conservation for plovers and interpreting other habitat-selection studies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0030347","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M.J., Sherfy, M.H., and Wiltermuth, M.T., 2012, Selection indicates preference in diverse habitats: A ground-nesting bird (<i>Charadrius melodus</i>) using reservoir shoreline: PLoS ONE, v. 7, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030347.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"e30347","temporalStart":"2006-06-01","temporalEnd":"2009-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474582,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030347","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115766,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030347","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River;Garrison Dam;Lake Sakakawea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -101.44020080566406,\n              47.498241943073786\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.4254379272461,\n              47.498241943073786\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.4254379272461,\n              47.50925856681305\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.44020080566406,\n              47.50925856681305\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.44020080566406,\n              47.498241943073786\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ccce4b08c986b31812c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherfy, Mark H. 0000-0003-3016-4105 msherfy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-4105","contributorId":125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherfy","given":"Mark","email":"msherfy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiltermuth, Mark T. 0000-0002-8871-2816 mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-2816","contributorId":708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiltermuth","given":"Mark","email":"mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043482,"text":"70043482 - 2012 - Effects of watershed densities of animal feeding operations on nutrient concentrations and estrogenic activity in agricultural streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-10T13:29:42","indexId":"70043482","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of watershed densities of animal feeding operations on nutrient concentrations and estrogenic activity in agricultural streams","docAbstract":"Application of manures from animal feeding operations (AFOs) as fertilizer on agricultural land can introduce nutrients and hormones (e.g. estrogens) to streams. A landscape-scale study was conducted in the Shenandoah River watershed (Virginia, USA) in order to assess the relationship between densities of AFOs in watersheds of agricultural streams and in-stream nutrient concentrations and estrogenic activity. The effect of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) on nutrients and estrogenic activity was also evaluated. During periods of high and low flow, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and orthophosphate (PO4-P) concentrations were analyzed and estrogens/estrogenic compounds were extracted and quantified as17β-estradiol equivalents (E2Eq) using a bioluminescent yeast estrogen screen. Estrogenic activity was measurable in the majority of collected samples, and 20% had E2Eq concentrations > 1 ng/L. Relatively high concentrations of DIN (> 1000 μg/L) were also frequently detected. During all sampling periods, there were strong relationships between watershed densities of AFOs and in-stream concentrations of DIN (R2 = 0.56–0.81) and E2Eq (R2 = 0.39–0.75). Relationships between watershed densities of AFOs and PO4-P were weaker, but were also significant (R2 = 0.27–0.57). When combined with the effect of watershed AFO density, streams receiving WWTP effluent had higher concentrations of PO4-P than streams without WWTP discharges, and PO4-P was the only analyte with a consistent relationship to WWTPs. The results of this study suggest that as the watershed density of AFOs increases, there is a proportional increase in the potential for nonpoint source pollution of agricultural streams and their receiving waters by nutrients, particularly DIN, and compounds that can cause endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.017","usgsCitation":"Ciparis, S., Iwanowicz, L., and Voshell, J., 2012, Effects of watershed densities of animal feeding operations on nutrient concentrations and estrogenic activity in agricultural streams: Science of the Total Environment, v. 414, no. 1, p. 268-276, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.017.","startPage":"268","endPage":"276","ipdsId":"IP-030302","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269026,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.017"}],"country":"United States","volume":"414","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5734e4b0b290850f754f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ciparis, Serena","contributorId":87827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciparis","given":"Serena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R.","contributorId":11902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voshell, J. Reese","contributorId":64962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voshell","given":"J. Reese","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042896,"text":"70042896 - 2012 - Utilizing multichannel electrical resistivity methods to examine the dynamics of the fresh water–seawater interface in two Hawaiian groundwater systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-29T20:22:06","indexId":"70042896","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Utilizing multichannel electrical resistivity methods to examine the dynamics of the fresh water–seawater interface in two Hawaiian groundwater systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Multichannel electrical resistivity (ER) measurements were conducted at two contrasting coastal sites in Hawaii to obtain new information on the spatial scales and dynamics of the fresh water&ndash;seawater interface and rates of coastal groundwater exchange. At Kiholo Bay (located on the dry, Kona side of the Big Island) and at a site in Maunalua Bay (Oahu), there is an evidence for abundant submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). However, the hydrologic and geologic controls on coastal groundwater discharge are likely to be different at these two sites. While at Kiholo Bay SGD is predominantly through lava tubes, at the Maunalua Bay site exchange occurs mostly through nearshore submarine springs. In order to calculate SGD fluxes, it is important to understand the spatial and temporal scales of coastal groundwater exchange. From ER time series data, subsurface salinity distributions were calculated using site-specific formation factors. A salinity mass balance box model was then used to calculate rates of point source (i.e., spatially discreet) and total fresh water discharge. From these data, mean SGD rates were calculated for Kiholo Bay (&sim;9,200&nbsp;m</span><sup><span>3</span></sup><span>/d) and for the Maunalua Bay site (&sim;5,900&nbsp;m</span><sup><span>3</span></sup><span>/d). While such results are on the same order of magnitude to geochemical tracer-derived SGD rates, the ER SGD rates provide enhanced details of coastal groundwater exchange that can enable a more cohesive whole watershed perspective.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011JC007509","usgsCitation":"Dimova, N.T., Swarzenski, P.W., Dulaiova, H., and Glenn, C.R., 2012, Utilizing multichannel electrical resistivity methods to examine the dynamics of the fresh water–seawater interface in two Hawaiian groundwater systems: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 117, no. C2, C02012; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007509.","productDescription":"C02012; 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032654","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474583,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007509","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272289,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Big Island, Kiholo Bay, Oahu, Wailupe Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.9,\n              19.83\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.9,\n              19.88\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.95,\n              19.88\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.95,\n              19.83\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.9,\n              19.83\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.8,\n              21.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8,\n              21.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.75,\n              21.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.75,\n              21.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8,\n              21.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"117","issue":"C2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51955851e4b0a933d82c4cd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dimova, Natasha T.","contributorId":50769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dimova","given":"Natasha","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dulaiova, Henrieta","contributorId":46635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dulaiova","given":"Henrieta","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glenn, Craig R.","contributorId":10850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70148133,"text":"70148133 - 2012 - Effect of low-head lock and dam structures on migration and spawning of American shad and striped bass in the Cape Fear River, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-03T09:59:06","indexId":"70148133","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of low-head lock and dam structures on migration and spawning of American shad and striped bass in the Cape Fear River, North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p><span>Anadromous fish populations within the Cape Fear River, North Carolina, have declined substantially since the late 1800s. Three low-head lock-and-dam (LD) structures on the river (LD-1&ndash;3) contributed to this decline by limiting access to upstream spawning habitat. We used egg sampling and sonic telemetry to examine the effects of the LD structures on migration and spawning activity of American shad&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa sapidissima</i><span>&nbsp;and striped bass</span><i>Morone saxatilis</i><span>. Egg distribution and stage of development suggested that most of the American shad spawning took place downstream from the lowermost structure, LD-1. The predicted mean density of stage-1 American shad eggs at a water temperature of 21&deg;C was 895 eggs/1,000 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;(95% credible interval [CI] = 800&ndash;994) below LD-1; 147 eggs/1,000 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;(95% CI = 103&ndash;197) below LD-2; and 32 eggs/1,000 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;(95% CI = 17&ndash;49) below the uppermost structure, LD-3. The probability of capturing a stage-1 American shad egg was strongly dependent on water temperature and hour of egg collection. Transmitter detections for 20 sonic-tagged American shad and 20 striped bass in 2008 showed that for both species, the majority of fish moved upstream of LD-1; 35% of American shad and 25% of striped bass migrated upstream of LD-3. Based on passage rates at the three LD structures, American shad would be expected to be most abundant downstream of LD-1 and upstream of LD-3. For striped bass, the river section between LD-2 and LD-3 had the highest egg collections and highest predicted proportion of the run. In combination, these results demonstrate that the locking program provides some access to historical spawning habitat, although further improvements in fish passage could benefit both species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2012.667043","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.A., and Hightower, J.E., 2012, Effect of low-head lock and dam structures on migration and spawning of American shad and striped bass in the Cape Fear River, North Carolina: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 141, no. 2, p. 402-413, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.667043.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"402","endPage":"413","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-028294","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Fear River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.04388427734375,\n              35.63720889099896\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.1015625,\n              35.61711648382185\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.068603515625,\n              35.538931360333486\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.01641845703125,\n              35.51434313431818\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.83239746093749,\n              35.37561413174875\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.73626708984375,\n              35.303918565311704\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.72116088867188,\n              35.24337596896174\n            ],\n            [\n              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A.","contributorId":140973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70178327,"text":"70178327 - 2012 - Influence of a thin veneer of low-hydraulic-conductivity sediment on modelled exchange between river water and groundwater in response to induced infiltration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T12:44:43.709149","indexId":"70178327","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of a thin veneer of low-hydraulic-conductivity sediment on modelled exchange between river water and groundwater in response to induced infiltration","docAbstract":"<p><span>A thin layer of fine‐grained sediment commonly is deposited at the sediment–water interface of streams and rivers during low‐flow conditions, and may hinder exchange at the sediment–water interface similar to that observed at many riverbank‐filtration (RBF) sites. Results from a numerical groundwater‐flow model indicate that a low‐permeability veneer reduces the contribution of river water to a pumping well in a riparian aquifer to various degrees, depending on simulated hydraulic gradients, hydrogeological properties, and pumping conditions. Seepage of river water is reduced by 5–10% when a 2‐cm thick, low‐permeability veneer is present on the bed surface. Increasing thickness of the low‐permeability layer to 0·1 m has little effect on distribution of seepage or percentage contribution from the river to the pumping well. A three‐orders‐of‐magnitude reduction in hydraulic conductivity of the veneer is required to reduce seepage from the river to the extent typically associated with clogging at RBF sites. This degree of reduction is much larger than field‐measured values that were on the order of a factor of 20–25. Over 90% of seepage occurs within 12 m of the shoreline closest to the pumping well for most simulations. Virtually no seepage occurs through the thalweg near the shoreline opposite the pumping well, although no low‐permeability sediment was simulated for the thalweg. These results are relevant to natural settings that favour formation of a substantial, low‐permeability sediment veneer, as well as central‐pivot irrigation systems, and municipal water supplies where river seepage is induced via pumping wells.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8153","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., and Healy, R.W., 2012, Influence of a thin veneer of low-hydraulic-conductivity sediment on modelled exchange between river water and groundwater in response to induced infiltration: Hydrological Processes, v. 26, no. 4, p. 544-557, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8153.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"544","endPage":"557","ipdsId":"IP-015284","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.57861328125,\n              39.41922073655956\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.041015625,\n              39.41922073655956\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.041015625,\n              41.104190944576466\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.57861328125,\n              41.104190944576466\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.57861328125,\n              39.41922073655956\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582c2ce6e4b0c253be072c0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70178329,"text":"70178329 - 2012 - In situ quantification of spatial and temporal variability of hyporheic exchange in static and mobile gravel-bed rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-16T21:12:06.444802","indexId":"70178329","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"<i>In situ</i> quantification of spatial and temporal variability of hyporheic exchange in static and mobile gravel-bed rivers","title":"In situ quantification of spatial and temporal variability of hyporheic exchange in static and mobile gravel-bed rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seepage meters modified for use in flowing water were used to directly measure rates of exchange between surface and subsurface water in a gravel‐ and cobble bed river in western Pennsylvania, USA (Allegheny River, Qmean = 190 m3/s) and a sand‐ and gravel‐bed river in Colorado, USA (South Platte River, Qmean = 9·7 m3/s). Study reaches at the Allegheny River were located downstream from a dam. The bed was stable with moss, algae, and river grass present in many locations. Median seepage was + 0·28 m/d and seepage was highly variable among measurement locations. Upward and downward seepage greatly exceeded the median seepage rate, ranging from + 2·26 (upward) to − 3·76 (downward) m/d. At the South Platte River site, substantial local‐scale bed topography as well as mobile bedforms resulted in spatial and temporal variability in seepage greatly in exceedence of the median groundwater discharge rate of 0·24 m/d. Both upward and downward seepage were recorded along every transect across the river with rates ranging from + 2·37 to − 3·40 m/d. Despite a stable bed, which commonly facilitates clogging by fine‐grained or organic sediments, seepage rates at the Allegheny River were not reduced relative to those at the South Platte River. Seepage rate and direction depended primarily on measurement position relative to local‐ and meso‐scale bed topography at both rivers. Hydraulic gradients were small at nearly all seepage‐measurement locations and commonly were not a good indicator of seepage rate or direction. Therefore, measuring hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity at in‐stream piezometers may be misleading if used to determine seepage flux across the sediment‐water interface. Such a method assumes that flow between the well screen and sediment‐water interface is vertical, which appears to be a poor assumption in coarse‐grained hyporheic settings.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8154","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., Klos, P.Z., and Neal, A., 2012, In situ quantification of spatial and temporal variability of hyporheic exchange in static and mobile gravel-bed rivers: Hydrological Processes, v. 26, no. 4, p. 604-612, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8154.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"604","endPage":"612","ipdsId":"IP-025940","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8154","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Allegheny River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.2828369140625,\n              41.84910468610387\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.43389892578125,\n              41.71187978193456\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.36248779296874,\n              41.64623592868676\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.20318603515625,\n              41.81021999190292\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.2828369140625,\n              41.84910468610387\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582adb46e4b0c253bdfff0ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klos, P. Zion","contributorId":176826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klos","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Zion","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neal, Andrew","contributorId":176825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neal","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173612,"text":"70173612 - 2012 - Factors affecting fish biodiversity in floodplain lakes of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T14:25:11","indexId":"70173612","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting fish biodiversity in floodplain lakes of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"<p><span>River-floodplain ecosystems offer some of the most diverse and dynamic environments in the world. Accordingly, floodplain habitats harbor diverse fish assemblages. Fish biodiversity in floodplain lakes may be influenced by multiple variables operating on disparate scales, and these variables may exhibit a hierarchical organization depending on whether one variable governs another. In this study, we examined the interaction between primary variables descriptive of floodplain lake large-scale features, suites of secondary variables descriptive of water quality and primary productivity, and a set of tertiary variables descriptive of fish biodiversity across a range of floodplain lakes in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Mississippi and Arkansas (USA). Lakes varied considerably in their representation of primary, secondary, and tertiary variables. Multivariate direct gradient analyses indicated that lake maximum depth and the percentage of agricultural land surrounding a lake were the most important factors controlling variation in suites of secondary and tertiary variables, followed to a lesser extent by lake surface area. Fish biodiversity was generally greatest in large, deep lakes with lower proportions of watershed agricultural land. Our results may help foster a holistic approach to floodplain lake management and suggest the framework for a feedback model wherein primary variables can be manipulated for conservation and restoration purposes and secondary and tertiary variables can be used to monitor the success of such efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10641-011-9923-y","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L.E., and Dembkowski, D., 2012, Factors affecting fish biodiversity in floodplain lakes of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 93, no. 3, p. 357-368, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-011-9923-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"368","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030702","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9332e4b04f417c275146","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dembkowski, Daniel J.","contributorId":78237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dembkowski","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007246,"text":"sir20115207 - 2012 - Survey of hydrologic models and hydrologic data needs for tracking flow in the Rio Grande, north-central New Mexico, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"sir20115207","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5207","title":"Survey of hydrologic models and hydrologic data needs for tracking flow in the Rio Grande, north-central New Mexico, 2010","docAbstract":"The six Middle Rio Grande Pueblos have prior and paramount rights to deliveries of water from the Rio Grande for their use. When the pueblos or the Bureau of Indian Affairs Designated Engineer identifies a need for additional flow on the Rio Grande, the Designated Engineer is tasked with deciding the timing and amount of releases of prior and paramount water from storage at El Vado Reservoir to meet the needs of the pueblos. Over the last three decades, numerous models have been developed by Federal, State, and local agencies in New Mexico to simulate, understand, and (or) manage flows in the Middle Rio Grande upstream from Elephant Butte Reservoir. In 2008, the Coalition of Six Middle Rio Grande Basin Pueblos entered into a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey to conduct a comprehensive survey of these hydrologic models and their capacity to quantify and track various components of flow. The survey of hydrologic models provided in this report will help water-resource managers at the pueblos, as well as the Designated Engineer, make informed water-resource-management decisions that affect the prior and paramount water use. Analysis of 4 publicly available surface-water models and 13 publicly available groundwater models shows that, although elements from many models can be helpful in tracking flow in the Rio Grande, numerous data gaps and modeling needs indicate that accurate, consistent, and timely tracking of flow on the Rio Grande could be improved. Deficient or poorly constrained hydrologic variables are sources of uncertainty in hydrologic models that can be reduced with the acquisition of more refined data. Data gaps need to be filled to allow hydrologic models to be run on a real-time basis and thus ensure predictable water deliveries to meet needs for irrigation, domestic, stock, and other water uses. Timeliness of flow-data reporting is necessary to facilitate real-time model simulation, but even daily data are sometimes difficult to obtain because the data come from multiple sources. Each surface-water model produces results that could be helpful in quantifying the flow of the Rio Grande, specifically by helping to track water as it moves down the channel of the Rio Grande and by improving the understanding of river hydraulics for the specified reaches. The ability of each surface-water model to track flow on the Rio Grande varies according to the purpose for which each model was designed. The purpose of Upper Rio Grande Water Operations Model (URGWOM) - to simulate water storage and delivery operations in the Rio Grande - is more applicable to tracking flow on the Rio Grande than are any of the other surface-water models surveyed. Specifically, the strengths of URGWOM in relation to modeling flow are the details and attention given to the accounting of Rio Grande flow and San Juan-Chama flow at a daily time step. The most significant difficulty in using any of the surveyed surface-water models for the purpose of predicting the need for requested water releases is that none of the surface-water models surveyed consider water accounting on a real-time basis. Groundwater models that provide detailed simulations of shallow groundwater flow in the vicinity of the Rio Grande can provide large-scale estimates of flow between the Rio Grande and shallow aquifers, which can be an important component of the Rio Grande water budget as a whole. The groundwater models surveyed for this report cannot, however, be expected to provide simulations of flow at time scales of less than the simulated time step (1 month to 1 year in most cases). Of those of the currently used groundwater models, the purpose of model 13 - to simulate the shallow riparian groundwater environment - is the most appropriate for examining local-scale surface-water/groundwater interactions. The basin-scale models, however, are also important in understanding the large-scale water balances between the aquifers and the surface water. In the case of the Upper and Middle Rio Grande Valley, models 6, 10, and 12 are the most accurate and current groundwater models available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115207","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Coalition of Six Middle Rio Grande Basin Pueblos","usgsCitation":"Tillery, A., and Eggleston, J.R., 2012, Survey of hydrologic models and hydrologic data needs for tracking flow in the Rio Grande, north-central New Mexico, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5207, vii, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115207.","productDescription":"vii, 39 p.","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5207.gif"},{"id":115750,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5207/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 13","datum":"North American Datum of 1988","country":"United States","state":"Colorado;New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande Basin;Elephant Butte Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105,33 ], [ -105,39 ], [ -109,39 ], [ -109,33 ], [ -105,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba295e4b08c986b31f7e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillery, Anne","contributorId":16120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillery","given":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eggleston, Jack R.","contributorId":20011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007232,"text":"sir20125015 - 2012 - Preliminary analysis of the hydrologic effects of temporary shutdowns of the Rondout-West Branch Water Tunnel on the groundwater-flow system in Wawarsing, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"sir20125015","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5015","title":"Preliminary analysis of the hydrologic effects of temporary shutdowns of the Rondout-West Branch Water Tunnel on the groundwater-flow system in Wawarsing, New York","docAbstract":"Flooding of streets and residential basements, and bacterial contamination of private-supply wells with <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em> are recurring problems in the Rondout Valley near the Town of Wawarsing, Ulster County, New York. Leakage from the Rondout-West Branch (RWB) Water Tunnel and above-normal precipitation have been suspected of causing elevated groundwater levels and basement flooding. The hydrology of a 12-square-mile study area within the Town of Wawarsing was studied during 2008-10. A network of 41 wells (23 unconsolidated-aquifer and 18 bedrock wells) and 2 surface-water sites was used to monitor the hydrologic effects of four RWB Water Tunnel shutdowns. The study area is underlain by a sequence of northeast-trending sedimentary rocks that include limestone, shale, and sandstone. The bedrock contains dissolution features, fractures, and faults. Inflows that ranged from less than 1 to more than 9,000 gallons per minute from the fractured bedrock were documented during construction of the 13.5-foot-diameter RWB Water Tunnel through the sedimentary-rock sequence 710 feet (ft) beneath the study-area valley. Glacial sediments infill the valley above the bedrock sequence and consist of clay, silt, sand, and gravel. The groundwater-flow system in the valley consists of both fractured-rock and unconsolidated aquifers. Water levels in both the bedrock and unconsolidated aquifers respond to variations in seasonal precipitation. During the past 9 years (2002-10), annual precipitation at Central Park, N.Y., has exceeded the 141-year mean. \r\nPotentiometric-surface maps indicate that groundwater in the bedrock flows from the surrounding hills on the east and west sides of the valley toward the center of the valley, and ultimately toward the northeast. On average, water levels in the bedrock aquifer had seasonal differences of 5.3 ft. Analysis of hydrographs of bedrock wells indicates that many of these wells are affected by the RWB Tunnel leakage. Tunnel-leakage influences (water level and temperature changes) in the bedrock aquifer were measured at distances up to 7,000 ft from the RWB Tunnel. Water levels in the bedrock changed as much as 12 ft within 0.5 hour during tunnel shutdowns. Nine of the 10 wells that responded to the shutdowns showed a water-level response of 5 ft or greater. Changes in water levels ranged from 1.5 to 12 ft, with tunnel-leakage influence delay times ranging from 0.5 to 60 hours. Many of the longest tunnel-influence delay times and smallest water-level changes were in wells located closest to the tunnel in shale. Tunnel-influence response of the bedrock aquifer is consistent with its preliminary characterization as an anisotropic aquifer with greater transmissivity along bedding strike than across bedding strike. This tunnel-influence response is also consistent with the likely presence of discrete high-transmissivity networks along fractured limestone beds that have undergone dissolution. A lack of bedrock observation wells in half of the study area hampered a more thorough analysis of the extent of leakage from the RWB Tunnel in the study area. \r\nOn average, water levels in the unconsolidated aquifer had a seasonal difference of 5.0 ft. Some unconsolidated-aquifer wells indicated water-level changes due to tunnel leakage. The locations of unconsolidated-aquifer wells with measurable water-level changes due to tunnel leakage correlated with those in the bedrock. Water levels in the unconsolidated aquifer changed as much as 2.5 ft within 18 hours of tunnel shutdowns, but water-level changes in some unconsolidated-aquifer wells were smaller or nonexistent.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125015","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., Chu, A., Como, M.D., and Noll, M.L., 2012, Preliminary analysis of the hydrologic effects of temporary shutdowns of the Rondout-West Branch Water Tunnel on the groundwater-flow system in Wawarsing, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5015, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125015.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5015.gif"},{"id":115713,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5015/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Ulster","city":"Wawarsing","otherGeospatial":"Rondout Valley;Rondout-west Branch (rwb) Water Tunnel","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a82d1e4b0c8380cd7bc70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chu, Anthony 0000-0001-8623-2862 achu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-2862","contributorId":2517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"Anthony","email":"achu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Como, Michael D. 0000-0002-7911-5390 mcomo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7911-5390","contributorId":4651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Como","given":"Michael","email":"mcomo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noll, Michael L. 0000-0003-2050-3134 mnoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-3134","contributorId":4652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noll","given":"Michael","email":"mnoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70007105,"text":"70007105 - 2012 - A caveat regarding diatom-inferred nitrogen concentrations in oligotrophic lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-04T18:07:50.71384","indexId":"70007105","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A caveat regarding diatom-inferred nitrogen concentrations in oligotrophic lakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) has enriched oligotrophic lakes with nitrogen (N) in many regions of the world and elicited dramatic changes in diatom community structure. The lakewater concentrations of nitrate that cause these community changes remain unclear, raising interest in the development of diatom-based transfer functions to infer nitrate. We developed a diatom calibration set using surface sediment samples from 46 high-elevation lakes across the Rocky Mountains of the western US, a region spanning an N deposition gradient from very low to moderate levels (&lt;1 to 3.2&nbsp;kg&nbsp;Nr&nbsp;ha</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;in wet deposition). Out of the fourteen measured environmental variables for these 46 lakes, ordination analysis identified that nitrate, specific conductance, total phosphorus, and hypolimnetic water temperature were related to diatom distributions. A transfer function was developed for nitrate and applied to a sedimentary diatom profile from Heart Lake in the central Rockies. The model coefficient of determination (bootstrapping validation) of 0.61 suggested potential for diatom-inferred reconstructions of lakewater nitrate concentrations over time, but a comparison of observed versus diatom-inferred nitrate values revealed the poor performance of this model at low nitrate concentrations. Resource physiology experiments revealed that nitrogen requirements of two key taxa were opposite to nitrate optima defined in the transfer function. Our data set reveals two underlying ecological constraints that impede the development of nitrate transfer functions in oligotrophic lakes: (1) even in lakes with nitrate concentrations below quantification (&lt;1&nbsp;μg&nbsp;L</span><sup>−1</sup><span>), diatom assemblages were already dominated by species indicative of moderate N enrichment; (2) N-limited oligotrophic lakes switch to P limitation after receiving only modest inputs of reactive N, shifting the controls on diatom species changes along the length of the nitrate gradient. These constraints suggest that quantitative inferences of nitrate from diatom assemblages will likely require experimental approaches.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10933-011-9576-z","usgsCitation":"Arnett, H.A., Saros, J.E., and Mast, M.A., 2012, A caveat regarding diatom-inferred nitrogen concentrations in oligotrophic lakes: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 47, no. 2, p. 277-291, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-011-9576-z.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"291","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.02636718749999,\n              37.17782559332976\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.41455078125,\n              37.17782559332976\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.41455078125,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.02636718749999,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.02636718749999,\n              37.17782559332976\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e33ce4b0c8380cd45ecc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arnett, Heather A.","contributorId":74141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnett","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saros, Jasmine E.","contributorId":29958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saros","given":"Jasmine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007240,"text":"fs20123004 - 2012 - Phosphorus and groundwater: Establishing links between agricultural use and transport to streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T13:04:57","indexId":"fs20123004","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-28T11:51:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3004","title":"Phosphorus and groundwater: Establishing links between agricultural use and transport to streams","docAbstract":"<p>Phosphorus is a highly reactive element that is essential for life and forms a variety of compounds in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In water, phosphorus may be present as the orthophosphate ion (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>) and is also present in all life forms as an essential component of cellular material. In natural ecosystems, phosphorus is derived from the erosion of rocks and is conserved for plant growth as it is returned to the soil through animal waste and the decomposition of plant and animal tissue; but in agricultural systems, a portion of the phosphorus is removed with each harvest, especially since phosphorus is concentrated in the seeds and fruit. Phosphorus is added to soil by using chemical fertilizers, manure, and composted materials. Agricultural use of chemical phosphorus fertilizer, in the United States, in 2008 was 4,247,000 tons, which is an increase of 25 percent since 1964 (http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/FertilizerUse/). Widely grown corn, soybeans, and wheat use the greatest amount of phosphorus fertilizer among agricultural crops.</p>\n<p>Phosphorus is largely retained in soil by a process called adsorption. Soils have a limited capacity to store phosphorus, and once the capacity of soil to adsorb phosphorus is exceeded, the excess will dissolve and move more freely with water either directly to a stream or downward to an aquifer. Surface-water runoff from rainstorms or excess irrigation is the primary way that phosphorus or soil containing phosphorus is transported to streams in most watersheds. There is a growing awareness that long-term over-application of manure and chemical fertilizer contributes to phosphorus movement into the groundwater system, resulting in a significant groundwater source of phosphorus to streams and lakes, as well as potential contamination of the groundwater resources.</p>\n<p>Leaching of applied fertilizer and surface runoff of phosphorus from the soil can contribute to excess growth of algae in downstream water bodies, a condition known as eutrophication. Excessive amounts of algae in eutrophic water bodies can cause large daily changes in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water because oxygen concentrations tend to be high during daylight hours as a result of photosynthetic activity but then decrease at night. Low concentrations of dissolved oxygen can stress or kill sensitive species living in the water.</p> \n<p>This study examined concentrations and movement of phosphorus in the soils and groundwater in five agricultural settings across the United States characterized by differences in soil geochemistry, climate, irrigation usage, and cropping systems to assess potential phosphorus movement in the soil and groundwater under common agricultural conditions. The study design included assessment of a variety of agricultural practices, especially cropping patterns and irrigation, so that the factors that contribute to phosphorus movement to groundwater, or sequestration of the phosphorus to soil could be compared and examined. This type of information could potentially be used to formulate best management practices to limit the transport of phosphorus from the agricultural fields.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123004","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, Agricultural Chemicals Team (ACT)","usgsCitation":"Domagalski, J.L., and Johnson, H., 2012, Phosphorus and groundwater: Establishing links between agricultural use and transport to streams: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3004, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123004.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3004.JPG"},{"id":115735,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3004/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a78b1e4b0c8380cd78762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Henry 0000-0002-7571-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":71693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Henry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007256,"text":"70007256 - 2012 - Flat-plate techniques for measuring reflectance of macro-algae (<i>Ulva curvata</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"70007256","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-27T09:27:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flat-plate techniques for measuring reflectance of macro-algae (<i>Ulva curvata</i>)","docAbstract":"We tested the consistency and accuracy of flat-plate spectral measurements (400&ndash;1000 nm) of the marine macrophyte <i>Ulva curvata</i>. With sequential addition of <i>Ulva</i> thallus layers, the reflectance progressively increased from 6% to 9% with six thalli in the visible (VIS) and from 5% to 19% with ten thalli in the near infrared (NIR). This progressive increase was simulated by a mathematical calculation based on an <i>Ulva</i> thallus diffuse reflectance weighted by a transmittance power series. Experimental and simulated reflectance differences that were particularly high in the NIR most likely resulted from residual water and layering structure unevenness in the experimental progression. High spectral overlap existed between fouled and non-fouled <i>Ulva</i> mats and the coexistent lagoon mud in the VIS, whereas in the NIR, spectral contrast was retained but substantially dampened by fouling.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2011.633124","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., Rangoonwala, A., Thomsen, M.S., and Schwarzschild, A., 2012, Flat-plate techniques for measuring reflectance of macro-algae (<i>Ulva curvata</i>): International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 33, no. 10, p. 3147-3155, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.633124.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"3147","endPage":"3155","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115752,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.633124","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"33","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10d3e4b0c8380cd53e0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":72769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rangoonwala, Amina 0000-0002-0556-0598 rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":3455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"Amina","email":"rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomsen, Mads Solgaard","contributorId":49514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomsen","given":"Mads","email":"","middleInitial":"Solgaard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwarzschild, Arthur","contributorId":62740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarzschild","given":"Arthur","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70007227,"text":"ds660 - 2012 - Construction diagrams, geophysical logs, and lithologic descriptions for boreholes USGS 103, 105, 108, 131, 135, NRF-15, and NRF-16, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"ds660","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"660","title":"Construction diagrams, geophysical logs, and lithologic descriptions for boreholes USGS 103, 105, 108, 131, 135, NRF-15, and NRF-16, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"This report, prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, summarizes construction, geophysical, and lithologic data collected from about 4,509 feet of core from seven boreholes deepened or drilled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Project Office, from 2006 to 2009 at the INL. USGS 103, 105, 108, and 131 were deepened and cored from 759 to 1,307 feet, 800 to 1,409 feet, 760 to 1,218 feet, and 808 to 1,239 feet, respectively. Boreholes USGS 135, NRF-15, and NRF-16 were drilled and continuously cored from land surface to 1,198, 759, and 425 feet, respectively. Cores were photographed and digitally logged by using commercially available software. Borehole descriptions summarize location, completion date, and amount and type of core recovered.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds660","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/ID-22217","usgsCitation":"Hodges, M., Orr, S.M., Potter, K.E., and LeMaitre, T., 2012, Construction diagrams, geophysical logs, and lithologic descriptions for boreholes USGS 103, 105, 108, 131, 135, NRF-15, and NRF-16, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 660, vi, 33 p.; Appendices; Downloadable Appendices A-G, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds660.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.; Appendices; Downloadable Appendices A-G","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_660.jpg"},{"id":115709,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/660/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 12","datum":"Datum is North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain;Idaho National Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.5,43.25 ], [ -113.5,44 ], [ -112.5,44 ], [ -112.5,43.25 ], [ -113.5,43.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa17e4b0c8380cd4d926","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodges, Mary K.V.","contributorId":66848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodges","given":"Mary K.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, Stephanie M.","contributorId":22089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Potter, Katherine E.","contributorId":76886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LeMaitre, Tynan","contributorId":51455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeMaitre","given":"Tynan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70007223,"text":"sim3190 - 2012 - Description and validation of an automated methodology for mapping mineralogy, vegetation, and hydrothermal alteration type from ASTER satellite imagery with examples from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"sim3190","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3190","title":"Description and validation of an automated methodology for mapping mineralogy, vegetation, and hydrothermal alteration type from ASTER satellite imagery with examples from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"The efficacy of airborne spectroscopic, or \"hyperspectral,\" remote sensing for geoenvironmental watershed evaluations and deposit-scale mapping of exposed mineral deposits has been demonstrated. However, the acquisition, processing, and analysis of such airborne data at regional and national scales can be time and cost prohibitive. The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor carried by the NASA Earth Observing System Terra satellite was designed for mineral mapping and the acquired data can be efficiently used to generate uniform mineral maps over very large areas. Multispectral remote sensing data acquired by the ASTER sensor were analyzed to identify and map minerals, mineral groups, hydrothermal alteration types, and vegetation groups in the western San Juan Mountains, Colorado, including the Silverton and Lake City calderas. This mapping was performed in support of multidisciplinary studies involving the predictive modeling of surface water geochemistry at watershed and regional scales. Detailed maps of minerals, vegetation groups, and water were produced from an ASTER scene using spectroscopic, expert system-based analysis techniques which have been previously described. New methodologies are presented for the modeling of hydrothermal alteration type based on the Boolean combination of the detailed mineral maps, and for the entirely automated mapping of alteration types, mineral groups, and green vegetation. Results of these methodologies are compared with the more detailed maps and with previously published mineral mapping results derived from analysis of high-resolution spectroscopic data acquired by the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) sensor. Such comparisons are also presented for other mineralized and (or) altered areas including the Goldfield and Cuprite mining districts, Nevada and the central Marysvale volcanic field, Wah Wah Mountains, and San Francisco Mountains, Utah. The automated mineral group mapping products described in this study are ideal for application to mineral resource and mineral-environmental assessments at regional and national scales.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3190","usgsCitation":"Rockwell, B.W., 2012, Description and validation of an automated methodology for mapping mineralogy, vegetation, and hydrothermal alteration type from ASTER satellite imagery with examples from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3190, Pamphlet: v, 35 p. ;5 Sheets; Sheet 1: 32 inches x 39 inches; Sheet 2: 32 inches x 39 inches; Sheet 3: 32 inches x 39 inches; Sheet 4: 32 inches x 39 inches; Sheet 5: 32 inches x 39 inches; Metadata; Additional Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3190.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: v, 35 p. ;5 Sheets; Sheet 1: 32 inches x 39 inches; Sheet 2: 32 inches x 39 inches; Sheet 3: 32 inches x 39 inches; Sheet 4: 32 inches x 39 inches; Sheet 5: 32 inches x 39 inches; Metadata; Additional Data","numberOfPages":"35","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3190.png"},{"id":115712,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3190/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108,37.46666666666667 ], [ -108,38.083333333333336 ], [ -107.15,38.083333333333336 ], [ -107.15,37.46666666666667 ], [ -108,37.46666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feeee4b0c8380cd4efbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rockwell, Barnaby W. 0000-0002-9549-0617 barnabyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9549-0617","contributorId":2195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Barnaby","email":"barnabyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007222,"text":"sir20125005 - 2012 - A comparison of consumptive-use estimates derived from the simplified surface energy balance approach and indirect reporting methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T14:26:09","indexId":"sir20125005","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5005","title":"A comparison of consumptive-use estimates derived from the simplified surface energy balance approach and indirect reporting methods","docAbstract":"Recent advances in remote-sensing technology and Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) methods can provide accurate and repeatable estimates of evapotranspiration (ET) when used with satellite observations of irrigated lands. Estimates of ET are generally considered equivalent to consumptive use (CU) because they represent the part of applied irrigation water that is evaporated, transpired, or otherwise not available for immediate reuse. The U.S. Geological Survey compared ET estimates from SSEB methods to CU data collected for 1995 using indirect methods as part of the National Water Use Information Program (NWUIP). Ten-year (2000-2009) average ET estimates from SSEB methods were derived using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 1-kilometer satellite land surface temperature and gridded weather datasets from the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS). County-level CU estimates for 1995 were assembled and referenced to 1-kilometer grid cells to synchronize with the SSEB ET estimates. Both datasets were seasonally and spatially weighted to represent the irrigation season (June-September) and those lands that were identified in the county as irrigated. A strong relation (R2 greater than 0.7) was determined between NWUIP CU and SSEB ET data. Regionally, the relation is stronger in arid western states than in humid eastern states, and positive and negative biases are both present at state-level comparisons. SSEB ET estimates can play a major role in monitoring and updating county-based CU estimates by providing a quick and cost-effective method to detect major year-to-year changes at county levels, as well as providing a means to disaggregate county-based ET estimates to sub-county levels. More research is needed to identify the causes for differences in state-based relations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125005","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Maupin, M.A., Senay, G., Kenny, J., and Savoca, M.E., 2012, A comparison of consumptive-use estimates derived from the simplified surface energy balance approach and indirect reporting methods: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5005, iv, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125005.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5005.jpg"},{"id":115711,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":338663,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5005/pdf/sir20125005.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e359e4b0c8380cd45fa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maupin, Molly A. 0000-0002-2695-5505 mamaupin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-5505","contributorId":951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maupin","given":"Molly","email":"mamaupin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":66808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kenny, Joan F.","contributorId":69132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenny","given":"Joan F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savoca, Mark E. mesavoca@usgs.gov","contributorId":1961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoca","given":"Mark","email":"mesavoca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70007228,"text":"ds657 - 2012 - Selected water-quality data from the Cedar River and Cedar Rapids well fields, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 2006-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"ds657","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"657","title":"Selected water-quality data from the Cedar River and Cedar Rapids well fields, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 2006-10","docAbstract":"The Cedar River alluvial aquifer is the primary source of municipal water in the Cedar Rapids, Iowa area. Municipal wells are completed in the alluvial aquifer approximately 40 to 80 feet below land surface. The City of Cedar Rapids and the U.S. Geological Survey have been conducting a cooperative study of the groundwater-flow system and water quality of the aquifer since 1992. Cooperative reports between the City of Cedar Rapids and the U.S. Geological Survey have documented hydrologic and water-quality data, geochemistry, and groundwater models. Water-quality samples were collected for studies involving well field monitoring, trends, source-water protection, groundwater geochemistry, surface-water-groundwater interaction, and pesticides in groundwater and surface water. Water-quality analyses were conducted for major ions (boron, bromide, calcium, chloride, fluoride, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, silica, sodium, and sulfate), nutrients (ammonia as nitrogen, nitrite as nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen, and orthophosphate as phosphorus), dissolved organic carbon, and selected pesticides including two degradates of the herbicide atrazine. Physical characteristics (alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance and water temperature) were measured in the field and recorded for each water sample collected. This report presents the results of routine water-quality data-collection activities from January 2006 through December 2010. Methods of data collection, quality-assurance, and water-quality analyses are presented. Data include the results of water-quality analyses from quarterly sampling from monitoring wells, municipal wells, and the Cedar River.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds657","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Cedar Rapids","usgsCitation":"Littin, G.R., 2012, Selected water-quality data from the Cedar River and Cedar Rapids well fields, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 2006-10: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 657, vi, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds657.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_657.jpg"},{"id":115710,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/657/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 15","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Linn","city":"Cedar Rapids","otherGeospatial":"Cedar River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.75,41.96666666666667 ], [ -91.75,42.03333333333333 ], [ -91.66666666666667,42.03333333333333 ], [ -91.66666666666667,41.96666666666667 ], [ -91.75,41.96666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8cc3e4b08c986b3180ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Littin, Gregory R. grlittin@usgs.gov","contributorId":1732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littin","given":"Gregory","email":"grlittin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}