Sediment cores taken near extant springs along the western margin of Soda Lake playa, as well as from the playa center, reveal dramatic hydrologic changes that occurred in the central Mojave Desert during the late Quaternary. Results of stratigraphic, chronologic, physical, chemical, and microfossil analyses of seven cores, ranging in length from 5 to 23 m, help refine the timing and character of the final stages of pluvial Lake Mojave during the late Pleistocene and define distinct periods of wetland development in the early and late Holocene. Evidence shows that an incipient lake occupied the central Soda Lake basin by at least 25.0 ka (ka = thousands of calibrated 14C years before present), and a fully developed Lake Mojave was present between 20.5 and 12.8 ka, before receding and ultimately yielding to playa conditions by 11.0 ka. Organic-rich “black mats” appear in several cores along the playa margin between 10.7 and 9.0 ka, suggesting that spring-fed wetlands persisted in this area long after the lake had regressed. The basin remained relatively dry throughout most of the Holocene until wetland ecosystems expanded along the margins between 0.73 and 0.18 ka, coincident with part of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age. Overall, our results demonstrate that buried sediments surrounding extant and extinct springs can be used to reconstruct past hydrologic conditions in desert environments on a variety of spatial and temporal scales, and provide important baseline information for effective management of limited desert resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.021","usgsCitation":"Honke, J.S., Pigati, J.S., Wilson, J., Bright, J., Goldstein, H., Skipp, G.L., Reheis, M., and Havens, J., 2019, Late Quaternary paleohydrology of desert wetlands and pluvial lakes in the Soda Lake basin, central Mojave Desert, California (USA): Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 216, p. 89-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.021.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"106","ipdsId":"IP-102332","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.021","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":366833,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert, Soda Lake Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.19964599609374,\n 35.04798673426734\n ],\n [\n -115.93048095703125,\n 35.04798673426734\n ],\n [\n -115.93048095703125,\n 35.25459097465022\n ],\n [\n -116.19964599609374,\n 35.25459097465022\n ],\n [\n -116.19964599609374,\n 35.04798673426734\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"216","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Honke, Jeffrey S. 0000-0003-4357-9297 jhonke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-9297","contributorId":1616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jhonke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":764323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pigati, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5843-6219 jpigati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-6219","contributorId":201167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jpigati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, J.","contributorId":216248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bright, J.","contributorId":191525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bright","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldstein, H.L.","contributorId":18093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skipp, Gary L. 0000-0002-9404-0980 gskipp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-0980","contributorId":2102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skipp","given":"Gary","email":"gskipp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reheis, M.C. 0000-0002-8359-323X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":36128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Havens, J. C.","contributorId":216249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Havens","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70202483,"text":"sir20195011 - 2019 - Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses of selected streams in Richland County, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T08:53:48","indexId":"sir20195011","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-13T15:11:21","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5011","displayTitle":"Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analyses of Selected Streams in Richland County, Ohio","title":"Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses of selected streams in Richland County, Ohio","docAbstract":"Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses were done for selected reaches of Clear Fork Mohican River and Cedar Fork in Richland County, Ohio. To update and expand a portion of the Federal Emergency Management Agency detailed Flood Insurance Study, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District initiated a cooperative study. The study comprised an 18.6-mile reach of the Clear Fork Mohican River and a 5.9-mile reach of Cedar Fork.
Historical streamflow data from the streamgage Clear Fork Mohican River at Bellville, Ohio (USGS station number 03131982) and regional regression equations were used to estimate instantaneous peak streamflows for floods with 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent and 1-percent plus annual exceedance probabilities. The 1-percent plus flood elevation is defined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency as a flood elevation derived by using streamflows that include the average predictive error for the regression equation streamflow calculation for the Flood Risk project. This error is then added to the 1-percent annual exceedance probability flood streamflow to calculate the new 1-percent plus streamflow.
The annual exceedance probability streamflows were then used in a Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System step-backwater model to determine water-surface elevation profiles and flood-inundation boundaries for the 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent and 1-percent plus annual exceedance probability floods and a regulatory floodway along a selected reach of each stream. The Clear Fork Mohican River model was calibrated to 16 flood events by using the current stage-streamflow relation at the streamgage Clear Fork Mohican River at Bellville, Ohio (USGS station number 03131982) and a submersible pressure transducer. Flood-inundation boundaries for the 1- and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability floods and a regulatory floodway were mapped for each stream.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District and Richland County","usgsCitation":"Ostheimer, C.J., 2019, Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses of selected streams in Richland County, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5011, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195011.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 18 p., Data Release","numberOfPages":"26","ipdsId":"IP-100978","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364655,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NMXM5B","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial datasets and hydraulic models of the Clear Fork Mohican River and Cedar Fork in Richland County, Ohio"},{"id":364654,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5011/sir20195011.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.67 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019–5011"},{"id":364653,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5011/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","county":"Richland county","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.66525268554688,\n 40.54850462620186\n ],\n [\n -82.33943939208984,\n 40.54850462620186\n ],\n [\n -82.33943939208984,\n 40.77352187640244\n ],\n [\n -82.66525268554688,\n 40.77352187640244\n ],\n [\n -82.66525268554688,\n 40.54850462620186\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6460 Busch Boulevard Suite 100
Columbus, OH 43229–1737
Sea level rise is a fundamental driver of ecosystem change and has the potential to shift the spatial distributions of habitats more rapidly than species can adapt. Rapid sea level rise and associated saltwater intrusion have negative impacts on coastal environments, including loss of habitat for species such as sea turtles and shorebirds. In Florida’s largest wetland, the Everglades, the availability of small fishes that are prey for wading birds serve as an indicator of ecosystem health. In the southwestern part of the ecosystem, sea level rise and a reduction in freshwater flow have converted formerly freshwater marsh into an estuarine mangrove-dominated landscape. In this study, we sampled fish communities in this southwest portion of the Everglades exposed to a range of saline conditions. Biomass of native fishes was highest at a salinity value of approximately 25 parts per thousand, while non-native biomass decreased with increasing salinity. Applying salinity change scenarios, we determined that a 10% reduction from the salinity levels recorded in this study would be optimal for biomass of native fishes. The baseline data we collected on non-native fishes at the site will be useful for monitoring as restoration progresses and for managers working on invasive species control. This region has been actively undergoing ecosystem restoration for the last decade, but restored freshwater flow closer to historical conditions is still years away. Without increased freshwater inflow from hydrologic restoration, rising sea levels and saltwater intrusion may provide conservation challenges for wading birds and their prey-base fishes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-019-00572-8","usgsCitation":"Romanach, S., Beerens, J.M., Patton, B., Chapman, J.P., and Hanson, M., 2019, Impacts of saltwater intrusion on wetland prey production and composition in a historically freshwater marsh: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 42, no. 6, p. 1600-1611, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00572-8.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1600","endPage":"1611","ipdsId":"IP-088911","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F73B5ZCD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Fish data collected during 2015 and 2016 at 9 sites at the Ten Thousand Islands National Wildlife Refuge, Florida."},{"id":367221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.47186279296875,\n 25.109227976892218\n ],\n [\n -80.55038452148438,\n 25.109227976892218\n ],\n [\n -80.55038452148438,\n 25.88393659458397\n ],\n [\n -81.47186279296875,\n 25.88393659458397\n ],\n [\n -81.47186279296875,\n 25.109227976892218\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romanach, Stephanie 0000-0003-0271-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":216117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanach","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beerens, James M. 0000-0001-8143-916X jbeerens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-916X","contributorId":143722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beerens","given":"James","email":"jbeerens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patton, Brett 0000-0002-7396-3452 pattonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-3452","contributorId":5458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"Brett","email":"pattonb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chapman, Julia P. 0000-0002-7073-0012","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-0012","contributorId":218788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanson, Matt 0000-0002-2859-3878 mhanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-3878","contributorId":208997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Matt","email":"mhanson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":770271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203058,"text":"sir20195033 - 2019 - Simulation of the regional groundwater-flow system in the St. Louis River basin, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T15:53:37","indexId":"sir20195033","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-29T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5033","displayTitle":"Simulation of the Regional Groundwater-Flow System in the St. Louis River Basin, Minnesota","title":"Simulation of the regional groundwater-flow system in the St. Louis River basin, Minnesota","docAbstract":"The St. Louis River Basin (SLRB) covers 3,600 square miles in northeastern Minnesota, with headwaters in the Mesabi Range and extensive wetlands and lakes throughout the basin. To better understand the regional groundwater system in the SLRB, a two-dimensional, steady-state groundwater-flow model of the SLRB was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Minnesota Ojibwe Bands, using the analytic-element computer code GFLOW. The parameter-estimation software suite PEST was used to obtain a best fit of the modeled to measured groundwater levels and streamflows. The calibrated regional model was locally refined to create a smaller version of the model, the central SLRB model, that was used to evaluate hydrologic effects from extensive ditching in wetlands of the central SLRB. The refinements included adding ditches that were not represented in the regional model and modifying the aquifer base elevation to be more representative of the localized area. The central SLRB model was recalibrated to better match the distribution of mapped wetlands. Two scenarios were run of the central SLRB model: one with ditches and one without ditches. The model results were compared between the two scenarios to assess the effect of ditching on the groundwater system and potential changes to hydrologic conditions that support wetlands.
Calibration of the regional SRLB model resulted in average horizontal hydraulic conductivity values of 6–39 feet per day for the glacial deposits and 3–4 feet per day for the uppermost fractured bedrock in the Biwabik Iron-Formation on the Mesabi Range. Average recharge across the calibrated model was 5.9 inches per year. Linesink resistance for the routed stream network was calibrated by using resistance categories based on the mapped soil hydrologic groups. The modeled regional groundwater-flow direction was generally to the south near the Mesabi Range topographic high and south or southwest across the rest of the basin.
The updated calibration of the central SLRB model resulted in average horizontal hydraulic conductivity values of 5–36 feet per day for the glacial deposits and 3 feet per day for the uppermost fractured Biwabik Iron-Formation of the Mesabi Range. Average recharge across the ditch scenarios was 4.1 inches per year. Comparison of the preditch and postditch model scenarios showed that ditching reduced the area where the modeled water table was within 1 foot of the land surface (a wetland hydrology indicator) in as much as 40,000 acres, or 37 percent, of mapped permanent wetlands in the SLRB. An increase in the depth to the water table in wetland areas has the potential to degrade wetland persistence or function.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195033","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Ojibwe Bands","usgsCitation":"Haserodt, M.J., Hunt, R.J., Cowdery, T.K., Leaf, A.T., and Baker, A.C., 2019, Simulation of the regional groundwater-flow system in the St. Louis River Basin, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5033, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195033.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 41 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-103278","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437445,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KUJ0L3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"GFLOW Groundwater Flow Model of the St. Louis River Basin, Minnesota"},{"id":437444,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
River to floodplain hydrologic connectivity is strongly enhanced by beaver- (Castor canadensis) engineered channel water diversions. The hydroecological impacts are wide ranging and generally positive, however, the hydrogeochemical characteristics of beaver-induced flowpaths have not been thoroughly examined. Using a suite of complementary ground- and drone-based heat tracing and remote sensing methodology we characterized the physical template of beaver-induced floodplain exchange for two alluvial mountain streams near Crested Butte, Colorado, USA. A flowpath-oriented perspective to water quality sampling allowed characterization of the chemical evolution of channel water diverted through floodplain beaver ponds and ultimately back to the channel in ‘beaver pond return flows’. Subsurface return flow seepages were universally suboxic, while ponds and surface return flows showed a range of oxygen concentration due to in-situ photosynthesis and atmospheric mixing. Median concentrations of reduced metals: manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and arsenic (As) were substantially higher along beaver-induced flowpaths than in geologically controlled seepages and upstream main channel locations. The areal footprint of reduced return seepage flowpaths were imaged with surface electromagnetic methods, indicating extensive zones of high-conductivity shallow groundwater flowing back toward the main channels and emerging at relatively warm bank seepage zones observed with infrared. Multiple-depth redox dynamics within one focused seepage zone showed coupled variation over time, likely driven by observed changes in seepage rate that may be controlled by pond stage. High-resolution times series of dissolved Mn and Fe collected downstream of the beaver-impacted reaches demonstrated seasonal dynamics in mixed river metal concentrations. Al time series concentrations showed proportional change to Fe at the smaller stream location, indicating chemically reduced flowpaths were sourcing Al to the channel. Overall our results indicated beaver-induced floodplain exchanges create important, and perhaps dominant, transport pathways for floodplain metals by expanding chemically-reduced zones paired with strong advective exchange.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.371","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M., Wang, C., Day-Lewis, F., Williams, K.H., Dong, W., and Lane, J., 2019, Return flows from beaver ponds enhance floodplain-to-river metals exchange in alluvial mountain catchments: Science of the Total Environment, v. 685, p. 357-369, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.371.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"369","ipdsId":"IP-108352","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1559257","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Crested Butte","otherGeospatial":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Function Science Focus Area","volume":"685","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":216358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Cheng-Hui 0000-0001-9508-7425","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-7425","contributorId":194062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Cheng-Hui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick 0000-0003-3526-886X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":216359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Kenneth H. 0000-0002-3568-1155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1155","contributorId":176791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dong, Wenming","contributorId":216360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dong","given":"Wenming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36254,"text":"LBNL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lane, John","contributorId":216361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70205123,"text":"70205123 - 2019 - Characterizing groundwater/surface-water interaction using hydrograph-separation techniques and groundwater-level data throughout the Mississippi Delta, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-04T15:44:24","indexId":"70205123","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-25T15:37:09","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing groundwater/surface-water interaction using hydrograph-separation techniques and groundwater-level data throughout the Mississippi Delta, USA","docAbstract":"The Mississippi Delta, located in northwest Mississippi, is an area dense with industrial-level agriculture sustained by groundwater-dependent irrigation supplied by the Mississippi River Valley Alluvial aquifer (alluvial aquifer). The Delta provides agricultural commodities across the United States and around the world. Observed declines in groundwater altitudes and streamflow contemporaneous with increases in irrigation have raised concerns about future groundwater availability and the effects of groundwater withdrawals on streamflow. To quantify the impacts of groundwater withdrawals on streamflow and increase understanding of groundwater and surface-water interaction, hydrograph-separation techniques were used to estimate baseflow and identify statistical streamflow trends. The analysis was conducted using the U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Toolbox open-source software and daily hydrologic data provided by a spatially-distributed network of paired groundwater wells and streamgaging sites. This study found that effects of groundwater withdrawals on streamflow were observed as statistically significant reductions in baseflow in areas with substantial groundwater-altitude declines. Hydrograph-separation and trend analyses may be applicable to assess the impacts of groundwater withdrawals in altered environments and streamflow may be used as a proxy for changes in groundwater availability. Characterizing and defining hydrologic relations between groundwater and surface water will help scientists and water-resource managers refine a regional groundwater-flow model that includes the Mississippi Delta that will be used to aid water-resource managers in future decisions concerning the alluvial aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-019-01981-6","usgsCitation":"Killian, C.D., Asquith, W.H., Barlow, J.R., Bent, G., Kress, W., Barlow, P.M., and Schmitz, D.W., 2019, Characterizing groundwater/surface-water interaction using hydrograph-separation techniques and groundwater-level data throughout the Mississippi Delta, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 27, no. 6, p. 2167-2179, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-019-01981-6.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2167","endPage":"2179","ipdsId":"IP-092609","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-019-01981-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367194,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.30810546875,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -88.846435546875,\n 37.67512527892127\n ],\n [\n -89.71435546875,\n 37.71859032558816\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -92.054443359375,\n 35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n -91.5380859375,\n 33.4039312002347\n ],\n [\n -91.95556640625,\n 32.4263401615464\n ],\n [\n -92.098388671875,\n 32.03602003973755\n ],\n [\n -91.505126953125,\n 31.475524020001806\n ],\n [\n -90.8349609375,\n 31.42866311735861\n ],\n [\n -89.791259765625,\n 33.14675022877648\n ],\n [\n -90.186767578125,\n 34.66032236481892\n ],\n [\n -88.9892578125,\n 36.76529191711624\n ],\n [\n -88.30810546875,\n 37.23032838760387\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Killian, Courtney D. 0000-0002-2137-2722","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2137-2722","contributorId":213990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Killian","given":"Courtney","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlow, Jeannie R. B. 0000-0002-0799-4656 jbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-4656","contributorId":3701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Jeannie","email":"jbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bent, Gardner C. 0000-0002-5085-3146","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5085-3146","contributorId":205226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bent","given":"Gardner C.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kress, Wade 0000-0002-6833-028X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6833-028X","contributorId":203539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"Wade","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schmitz, Darrel W. 0000-0002-6154-8040","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6154-8040","contributorId":218742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmitz","given":"Darrel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":770122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70215293,"text":"70215293 - 2019 - Predicting hydrologic disturbance of streams using species occurrence data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-14T15:39:43.431592","indexId":"70215293","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-25T10:32:10","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting hydrologic disturbance of streams using species occurrence data","docAbstract":"Aquatic organisms have adapted over evolutionary time-scales to hydrologic variability represented by the natural flow regime of rivers and streams in their unimpaired state. Rapid landscape change coupled with growing human demand for water have altered natural flow regimes of many rivers and streams on a global scale. Climate non-stationarity is expected to further intensify hydrologic variability, placing increased pressure on aquatic communities. Using a machine learning approach and georeferenced species occurrence data, we modeled and mapped spatial patterns of hydrologic disturbance for streams in Arkansas, Missouri, and eastern Oklahoma. Random forest (RF) models trained on fish community data, hydrologic, and landscape metrics for gaged streams in the National Hydrography (NHDPlusV2) database were used to predict a hydrologic disturbance index (HDI) for ungaged streams. The HDI is part of the USGS Geospatial Attributes of Gages for Evaluating Streamflow (GAGESII) database and is a composite index of watershed-scale disturbance from anthropogenic stressors. Fish presence/absence data had similar overall model prediction accuracy (77%; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.80) as flow variables (76%; CI: 0.73, 0.80). Including topographic variables increased the RF prediction accuracy of both the fish (90%; CI: 0.88, 0.92) and flow models (86%; CI: 0.84, 0.89). Spatial patterns of hydrologic disturbance suggest distinct ecohydrological regions exist where conservation actions may be focused. Streams with low HDI were predominately located in the Ozark Highlands, Boston Mountains, and Ouachita Mountains. Correlation analysis of HDI by flow regime showed groundwater stable streams had the lowest disturbance frequency, with over 50% of stream reaches with low HDI located in forested land cover. HDI was highest for big rivers, intermittent runoff streams and streams in areas of agricultural land use. Our results show long-term georeferenced biological data can provide a valuable resource for predictive modeling of hydrologic disturbance for ungaged rivers and streams.
We evaluated relationships among hydrogeomorphology, vegetation structure and composition, and avian communities among three subreaches of the San Acacia Reach of the Middle Rio Grande (MRG) River of New Mexico. The subreaches varied in degradation, with Subreach 1 being severely entrenched and hydrologically disconnected, Subreach 2 being the least impacted, and Subreach 3 being intermediately disturbed. Avian point count and habitat surveys were conducted to determine avian community structure and abundance, geomorphic feature, surface flooding, and vegetation structure and composition. Ground-nesting birds and low shrub-nesting birds were insensitive to hydrogeomorphic changes as they do not rely on native understory but can use exotic understory or woody debris. In contrast, canopy-nesting birds required native overstory; therefore, they were sensitive to hydrogeomorphic changes as native overstory species require surface floods to germinate and establish. Additionally, native overstory did not vary as expected as the moderately impacted subreach, Subreach 3, had more native overstory (
Monitoring riparian vegetation cover and species richness is an important component of assessing change and understanding ecosystem processes. Vegetation sampling methods determined to be the best option in other ecosystems (e.g., desert grasslands and arctic tundra) may not be the best option in multilayered, species rich, heterogeneous riparian vegetation. This study examines the strengths and weaknesses of two common vegetation sampling methods, line‐point intercept and ocular quadrat estimates. Permutational analysis of variance analyses indicate that cover estimates among observers did not differ significantly for either line‐point intercept or ocular quadrat estimates. Line‐point intercept cover estimates resulted in lower coefficient of variation among observers than ocular quadrat estimates, but the ocular quadrat estimates recorded significantly more species. Line‐point estimates of cover were generally larger than ocular quadrat estimates. Ocular quadrat estimates are appropriate when assessment of richness is important, in areas with heterogeneous geomorphology and hydrology where fine‐scale measurements are most useful, and in areas where continuous sampling transects are impracticable. Line‐point intercept estimates are useful when minimum variation among observers is necessary, continuous transects are logical and practicable for the sampling area, woody cover does not present a logistical complication, and species richness is not a priority.
Turbidity currents are generated when denser river water plunges and flows along the bottom of a lake, reservoir, or ocean. The plunging and downstream movement are driven by density differences due to temperature and/or suspended sediment, and currents have been observed to move slowly over long distances. This study presents observations of multiple turbidity currents in a large reservoir in California, United States, during runoff events following a major wildfire in the upstream watershed. Several aspects of the currents are documented and discussed, including the conditions leading to plunging, the vertical and longitudinal structure of turbidity within the currents, the velocity of the currents, and the development of a muddy lake upstream from an old submerged dam in the reservoir.
Simulation models are often used to identify hydrologic regimes suitable for different riparian or floodplain tree species. However, most existing models pay little attention to forest successional processes or other disturbances that may interact with the hydrologic regime of river systems to alter forest dynamics in space and time. In this study, we introduce a flood disturbance module to the LANDIS-II forest succession modelling framework to enable investigations into how inundation interacts with other disturbances and successional processes to alter floodplain forest cover and community dynamics. We illustrate the functionality of the model using a case study with multiple scenarios in the Upper Mississippi River floodplain, USA. We found that model predictions of total forest cover and the abundance of specific forest community types were generally related to uncertainty in the susceptibility of different species and age classes to inundation. By simulation year 100, increases or decreases in total forest cover and forest type distributions were roughly proportional to the initial differences in the susceptibility of species and age classes to inundation. The largest decrease in total forest cover was associated with a scenario that included disturbance by the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) and when using susceptibility parameters corresponding to the weakest flood tolerance. In contrast, changes in the composition of aboveground biomass were not sensitive to differences in susceptibility, and generally showed shifts toward later successional species with higher shade tolerance and longer lifespans for all scenarios. Our findings suggest that flood inundation interacts with other disturbances (e.g., insect outbreaks) and forest successional processes to alter forest abundance, distribution, and species composition in this system. Our modelling framework should allow for future studies that examine such interactions in other systems, and in the context of alternative hydrologic scenarios and other disturbance regimes.
In 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) entered into a cooperative agreement with the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) to develop a North Carolina-enhanced variation of the national Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM) with available North Carolina-specific streamflow and water-quality data and to demonstrate use of the model by documenting selected simulation scenarios. The USGS developed the national SELDM in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to provide the tools and techniques necessary for performing stormwater-quality simulations. SELDM uses a stochastic mass-balance approach to estimate combinations of flows, concentrations, and loads of stormwater constituents from the site of interest (often a highway catchment; nonhighway areas, such as a large impervious area at a shopping center complex, also can be used) and the basin upstream from the stormwater outfall to assess the risk for adverse effects of runoff. SELDM also can be used to simulate the effectiveness of volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality concentration reductions by stormwater best management practices (BMPs), which are designed to help mitigate the effects of runoff on receiving water bodies.
Some of the statistical inputs needed for the North Carolina-enhanced SELDM were either calculated or augmented using local or regional data from North Carolina. Streamflow statistics used by SELDM were determined for 266 streamgages across North Carolina on the basis of data available through the 2015 water year. Recession ratio statistics used for triangular hydrographs were also developed for 30 streamgages across the State. The NCDOT identified previous research reports on highway-runoff and BMP studies in North Carolina for review of potential data addition to the national FHWA Highway-Runoff Database (HRDB). Following USGS review of these data, a total of 25,087 event mean concentration values and 1,140 storm events for 39 highway-runoff sites and 195 analytes were uploaded to the national HRDB from six North Carolina highway-runoff research reports and a recent USGS bridge deck runoff study. Using data for 27 streamgages in North Carolina, a total of 57 water-quality transport curves were developed for seven constituents for use in simulating water-quality conditions in the upstream basin. Performance data for three BMPs (bioretention, grass strip or swale, and wetland channel) from NCDOT research data were incorporated into the North Carolina-enhanced SELDM for volume-reduction statistics, including the effectiveness of treating four water-quality constituents (total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate plus nitrite) and turbidity.
Simulations using the North Carolina-enhanced SELDM are presented for two hypothetical upstream basins in the Piedmont ecoregion and one hypothetical highway site to demonstrate how simulations can be used to provide risk-based information about potential effects of stormwater runoff on downstream water quality and the potential for mitigating those risks by using BMPs. The first group of simulations explores the stochastic variability in dilution factors (the ratio of the highway runoff to the total downstream stormflow) for a hypothetical Piedmont rural creek having drainage areas ranging from 1 to 100 square miles. The second group of simulations examines dilution factors based on variations in precipitation, streamflow, and recession ratios for two hypothetical Piedmont upstream basins (rural and urban) where the drainage area was held constant at 25 square miles. These simulations indicate the sensitivity of results to variations in each of the three variables. The third group of simulations examines the effects of varied concentrations in the upstream basin on water-quality conditions downstream from the highway crossing. Variations in upstream water-quality conditions for three constituents (suspended sediment concentration, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus) are based on water-quality transport curves selected from among the 57 curves developed as part of this study to represent low-, medium-, and high-concentration statistics. Simulations completed for this third group also examine the potential effects of grass swale and bioretention BMP treatment on total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations in highway runoff. The BMP performance data from the NCDOT research reports were applied in this group of simulations.
The stochastic mass-balance approach used in SELDM analyses and simulations provides a strong tool for engineers and water-resource managers to use in exploring a wide range of possible hydrologic and water-quality inputs and their effects on downstream water quality. The results of this study can not only aid engineers and managers in planning for potential adverse effects of runoff at site-specific locations, they can also help the USGS and other Federal and State agencies with oversight responsibilities in stormwater-quality issues to continue gathering data on potential water-quality effects in receiving streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195031","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Transportation, Division of Highways, Hydraulics Unit and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Project Development and Environmental Review","usgsCitation":"Weaver, J.C., Granato, G.E., and Fitzgerald, S.A., 2019, Assessing water quality from highway runoff at selected sites in North Carolina with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM) (ver 1.1, July 2, 2019): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5031, 99 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195031.","productDescription":"Report: x, 99 p.; Data Releases","numberOfPages":"113","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-095625","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North 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U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
Bottomland hardwoods are floodplain forests along rivers and streams throughout the southeastern United States. The interrelations among hydrology, soils, geomorphic landforms, and tree species composition are the foundation of forest management in bottomland hardwoods, and historically their correspondence has allowed for somewhat predictable forest responses based upon the hydrogeomorphic setting. However, extensive hydrologic and geomorphic modifications in floodplains have disrupted these interrelations and, on many sites, have created novel disturbance regimes resulting in unpredictable forest responses. Reduced or altered timing of surface flooding and groundwater declines are common in the region and have favored increases in stem densities, particularly of species less tolerant of flooding and more tolerant of shade. In these highly modified systems, more process-level understanding of floodplain hydrology, soil moisture dynamics, interspecific tree competition, and regeneration is needed to develop more effective management prescriptions and for forestry to be represented in integrated water-resource management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jofore/fvz025","usgsCitation":"King, S.L., and Keim, R., 2019, Hydrologic modifications challenge bottomland hardwood forest management: Journal of Forestry, v. 117, no. 5, p. 504-514, https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvz025.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"504","endPage":"514","ipdsId":"IP-102468","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvz025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keim, R.F.","contributorId":264646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keim","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[{"id":54524,"text":"Lousiiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203340,"text":"70203340 - 2019 - Resilience of benthic macroinvertebrates to extreme floods in a Catskill Mountain river, New York, USA: Implications for water quality monitoring and assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T15:01:01.548244","indexId":"70203340","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-07T09:32:26","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resilience of benthic macroinvertebrates to extreme floods in a Catskill Mountain river, New York, USA: Implications for water quality monitoring and assessment","docAbstract":"Changes in the timing, magnitude, frequency, and duration of extreme hydrologic events are becoming apparent and could disrupt species assemblages and stream ecosystems across the Northeastern United States. Between August 28 and 29 of 2011, an average of 31 cm of rain from Tropical Storm Irene fell across Eastern New York State in less than 24 h and caused historic flooding in numerous streams of the Catskill Mountain Region. Peak discharges exceeded the 0.01 annual exceedance probability (> 100 year flood) in many Catskill Mountain streams. Approximately one week later, the remnants of Tropical Storm Lee deposited another 19 cm of rain onto saturated soils and caused additional flooding. Data from annual benthic macroinvertebrate surveys completed at 5 sites in the Upper Esopus Creek, a premier trout stream in the region, during August 2009–2011 (before the floods) were compared to data collected from the same sites in September 2011, November 2011, March 2012 and August 2012 (after the floods). The impact, rate of recovery and the factors which might affect the resilience of benthic macroinvertebrate communities were evaluated. The results of biological water quality assessment metrics immediately after the floods resembled those of highly polluted waters, yet severe floods were the only disturbance. Prior to the floods, standard biological assessment metrics showed that communities were not impacted and water quality was pristine. A large decrease in macroinvertebrate density was evident in the September 2011 surveys following the floods and bioassessment metrics reflected highly degraded water quality conditions. Most community metrics rebounded in 3–7 months (November 2011 and March 2012), and full recovery was evident in 12 months (August 2012) which suggests that macroinvertebrate assemblages are relatively resilient to the effects of extreme floods in these low-order streams. Therefore, macroinvertebrate samples collected from a flood-impacted stream before full recovery occurs might reflect loss of diversity and abundance from the flood disturbance and incorrectly attribute the impact to impaired water quality. The strong short-term impacts and the relatively rapid recovery of macroinvertebrate communities following catastrophic floods have important ramifications for routine bioassessment programs considering changing hydrologic regimes in streams across the Northeast and elsewhere.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.04.057","usgsCitation":"Smith, A.J., Baldigo, B.P., Duffy, B.T., George, S.D., and Dresser, B., 2019, Resilience of benthic macroinvertebrates to extreme floods in a Catskill Mountain river, New York, USA: Implications for water quality monitoring and assessment: Ecological Indicators, v. 104, p. 107-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.04.057.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"107","endPage":"115","ipdsId":"IP-088586","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363550,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Upper Esopus Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.8774721023475,\n 42.15605300055455\n ],\n [\n -74.8774721023475,\n 41.85645574280821\n ],\n [\n -74.24721282626231,\n 41.85645574280821\n ],\n [\n -74.24721282626231,\n 42.15605300055455\n ],\n [\n -74.8774721023475,\n 42.15605300055455\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Alexander J.","contributorId":168509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duffy, Brian T","contributorId":215384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duffy","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":39232,"text":"Research Scientist, NY State Dept of Environmental Conservation, Albany NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"George, Scott D. 0000-0002-8197-1866 sgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-1866","contributorId":3014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Scott","email":"sgeorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dresser, Brian","contributorId":215385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dresser","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39233,"text":"Retired, NY State Dept of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203063,"text":"sir20195028 - 2019 - Flood-inundation maps for the Amite and Comite Rivers from State Highway 64 to U.S. Highway 190 at Central, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-07T12:56:46","indexId":"sir20195028","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-07T08:40:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5028","displayTitle":"Flood-Inundation Maps for the Amite and Comite Rivers From State Highway 64 To U.S. Highway 190 at Central, Louisiana","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Amite and Comite Rivers from State Highway 64 to U.S. Highway 190 at Central, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Flood-inundation maps for a 14.5-mile reach of the Amite River and a 20.2-mile reach of the Comite River from State Highway 64 to U.S. Highway 190 were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Central, Louisiana. These maps, which can be accessed through an interactive mapper at the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Program website and from a companion USGS data release, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgages Amite River at Magnolia, La., (07377300) and Comite River near Comite, La. (07378000).
Flood profiles were computed for the Amite and Comite River reaches by using the two-dimensional (2D), finite-volume numerical modeling options in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (USACE HEC-RAS) software version 5.0.3. Models were calibrated to the current (2018) stage-discharge relations at the Amite River at Magnolia, La., and Comite River near Comite, La., streamgages, water-surface profiles from the March and August 2016 floods, and documented high-water marks from the flood of August 2016.
The hydraulic models were used to compute 37 individual water-surface profiles (21 for the Amite River and 16 for the Comite River) at 1.0-foot intervals ranging from the National Weather Service flood stage to the highest peak on record at the two streamgages. The 37 simulated water-surface profiles were used with a light detection and ranging-derived digital elevation model to delineate the flood extent and associated depth at each water level. The delineated areas (inundation maps) were merged into 127 combinations or possible flooding scenarios based on annual peak stage information from the two streamgaging stations.
The availability of these maps, along with real-time data delivered via the internet, will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood-response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for recovery efforts after floods.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195028","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Central, Louisiana","usgsCitation":"Storm, J.B., 2019, Flood-inundation maps for the Amite and Comite Rivers from State Highway 64 to U.S. Highway 190 at Central, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5028, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195028.\n","productDescription":"Report: viii, 20 p.; Data Release; Flood Inundation Mapper","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-100404","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363430,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5028/sir20195028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.91 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019–5028"},{"id":363431,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PQKSYF","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Flood Inundation Maps for the Amite and Comite Rivers from State Highway 64 to U.S. Highway 190 – City of Central, Louisiana"},{"id":363429,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5028/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":363432,"rank":4,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/flood-inundation-mapping-fim-program?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects","text":"Flood Inundation Mapper","description":"Flood Inundation Mapper"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.3123779296875,\n 28.859107573773\n ],\n [\n -93.3123779296875,\n 31.475524020001806\n ],\n [\n -89.879150390625,\n 31.475524020001806\n ],\n [\n -89.879150390625,\n 28.859107573773\n ],\n [\n -93.3123779296875,\n 28.859107573773\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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