{"pageNumber":"6936","pageRowStart":"173375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184769,"records":[{"id":70010818,"text":"70010818 - 1956 - Aromatic fluorine compounds. VI. Displacement of aryl fluorine in diazonium salts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-28T16:16:52.333872","indexId":"70010818","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2519,"text":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aromatic fluorine compounds. VI. Displacement of aryl fluorine in diazonium salts","docAbstract":"Several chlorofluorobenzenes have been isolated from the Schiemann synthesis of fluorobenzenes. These have been shown to be the products of two side reactions occurring during thermal decomposition of the dry benzenediazonium fluoborate salt containing coprecipitated sodium chloride, an unavoidable contaminant in large preparations involving the use of hydrochloric acid and sodium fluoborate. The major side reaction and its chloro product were unexpected; a unique displacement of fluorine ortho to the diazonium group was observed. Replacement of the diazo group with chlorine was the predicted side reaction which proved to be minor. Conditions causing the side reactions and the isolation and identification of the products are described.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ja01592a073","issn":"00027863","usgsCitation":"Finger, G.C., and Oesterling, R., 1956, Aromatic fluorine compounds. VI. Displacement of aryl fluorine in diazonium salts: Journal of the American Chemical Society, v. 78, no. 11, p. 2593-2596, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01592a073.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"2593","endPage":"2596","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218745,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed80e4b0c8380cd49848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finger, G. C.","contributorId":89277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oesterling, R.E.","contributorId":25282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oesterling","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1000373,"text":"1000373 - 1956 - Research vessel Cisco operations in 1955","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:13","indexId":"1000373","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1278,"text":"Commercial Fishing Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Research vessel Cisco operations in 1955","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Commercial Fishing Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.H., 1956, Research vessel Cisco operations in 1955: Commercial Fishing Review, v. 18, no. 5, p. 21-23.","productDescription":"p. 21-23","startPage":"21","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684eff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Stanford H.","contributorId":86711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Stanford","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1000307,"text":"1000307 - 1956 - Status of sea lamprey control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:13","indexId":"1000307","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3788,"text":"Wisconsin Conservation Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of sea lamprey control","docAbstract":"Four experiments involving 873 bob-white quail (Colinus virginianus) chicks were conducted at the Patuxent Research Refuge, Laurel, Maryland. A comparison was made of calcium: phosphorus ratios of 1:1, 15:1, 1%: 1, 2:1, 2+:1,and 2%: 1in diets with phosphorus levels of 0.52, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 percent. The results indicate that the optimum level of phosphorus for growth is in the neighborhood of 0.75 per cent, and that of calcium is about 1.00 per cent, making a ratio of 1 1/3: 1....Although the greatest efficiency of feed utilization occurred on the phosphorus level of 0.52 per cent, the liveweight and bone-ash of the birds at the end of ten weeks were significantly lower than they were on the levels of 0.75 and 1.00 per cent, phosphorus. Bone-ash of birds on a Ca: P ratio of 1:1was significantly lower than that on any of the other five ratios, regardless of phosphorus level....There was a significant reverse correlation between the Ca: P ratio of the diet and the storage of vitamin A in the liver. Storage was especially low on the ratio of 2 2/3: 1....The low and high levels of calcium and phosphorus considered in these studies are abnormal, the low level especially being hard to obtain with common feedstuffs, if the protein requirements of the birds are met. Nevertheless, even on such levels, results were not disastrous. The growth of quail in the wild happens during a season when the birds have access to the minerals of the soil and in the abundant animal matter (mostly insects), as well as to minerals in plant material. Therefore, seemingly, calcium and phosphorus need not be critical nutrients for growing quail in the wild. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wisconsin Conservation Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Moffett, J.W., 1956, Status of sea lamprey control: Wisconsin Conservation Bulletin, v. 21, no. 4, p. 14-17.","productDescription":"p. 14-17","startPage":"14","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478fe4b07f02db48a1dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moffett, James W.","contributorId":94245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":14397,"text":"ofr5669 - 1956 - Preliminary report on the geology and deposits of monazite, thorite, and niobium-bearing rutile of the Mineral Hill district, Lemhi County, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-03T19:35:33.941884","indexId":"ofr5669","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"56-69","title":"Preliminary report on the geology and deposits of monazite, thorite, and niobium-bearing rutile of the Mineral Hill district, Lemhi County, Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>Deposits of minerals containing niobium (columbium), thorium, and rare earths occur in the Mineral Hill district, 30 miles northwest of Salmon, Lemhi County, Idaho. Monazite, thorite, allanite, and niobium-bearing rutile form deposits in metamorphic limestone layers less than 8 feet thick. The known deposits are small, irregular, and typically located in or near small folds. Minor faults are common. </p><p>Monazite generally is coarsely crystalline and contains less than one percent thorium. Rutile forms massive lumps up to 3 inches across; it contains between 5 and 10 percent niobium. Rutile occurs in the northwestern half of the district, thorite in the central and southeastern parts. Monazite occurs in all deposits. Allanite is locally abundant and contains several percent thorium. Magnetite and ilmenite are also locally abundant. </p><p>A major thrust fault trending northwest across the map-area separates moderately folded quartzite and phyllitic rocks of Belt age, on the northeast, from more intensely metamorphosed and folded rocks on the southwest. The more metamorphosed rocks include amphibolite, porphyroblastic feldspar gneiss, quartzite, and limestone, all probably of sedimentary origin, and probably also of Belt (late Precambrian) age. The only rocks of definite igneous origin are rhyolite dikes of probable Tertiary age. </p><p>The more metamorphosed rocks were formed by metasomatic metamorphism acting on clastic sediments, probably of Belt age, although they may be older than Belt. Metamorphism doubtless was part of the episode of emplacement of the Idaho batholith, but the history of that episode is not well understood. </p><p>The rare-element deposits show no evidence of fracture-controlled hydrothermal introduction, such as special fracture systems, veining, and gangue material. They may, however, be of hydrothermal type. More likely they are metamorphic segregations or secretions, deposited in favorable stratigraphic and structural positions during regional metamorphism.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5669","usgsCitation":"Kaiser, E.P., 1956, Preliminary report on the geology and deposits of monazite, thorite, and niobium-bearing rutile of the Mineral Hill district, Lemhi County, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 56-69, Report: 43 p.; 3 Figures: 46.45 x 28.93 inches or smaller; 2 Companion Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5669.","productDescription":"Report: 43 p.; 3 Figures: 46.45 x 28.93 inches or smaller; 2 Companion Files","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415099,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_7907.htm"},{"id":43079,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0069/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18.29 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,{"id":81344,"text":"81344 - 1956 - Sea lamprey control on the Great Lakes 1953 and 1954","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-04T15:13:17.730294","indexId":"81344","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":84,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Fisheries","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"175","title":"Sea lamprey control on the Great Lakes 1953 and 1954","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Erkkila, L.F., Smith, B.R., and McLain, A.L., 1956, Sea lamprey control on the Great Lakes 1953 and 1954: Special Scientific Report - Fisheries 175, 27 p.","productDescription":"27 p.","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science 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,{"id":39741,"text":"pp281 - 1956 - General geology of central Cochise County, Arizona, with sections on age and correlation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T19:45:38.468777","indexId":"pp281","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"281","title":"General geology of central Cochise County, Arizona, with sections on age and correlation","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp281","usgsCitation":"Gilluly, J., Palmer, A.R., Williams, J.S., and Reeside, J., 1956, General geology of central Cochise County, Arizona, with sections on age and correlation: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 281, Report: v, 169 p.; 9 Plates: 46.79 x 36.75 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp281.","productDescription":"Report: v, 169 p.; 9 Plates: 46.79 x 36.75 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":113782,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113787,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113781,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113785,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113779,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113786,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415529,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4257.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":113778,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":173225,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":113784,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113783,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113780,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0281/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Cochise County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.333,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.333,\n              31.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.6667,\n              31.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.6667,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.333,\n              32\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0cc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilluly, James","contributorId":51743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilluly","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmer, A. R.","contributorId":41819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, J. S.","contributorId":65819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12682,"text":"Utah State University, Logan, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":222070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reeside, J.B. Jr.","contributorId":29787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeside","given":"J.B.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185482,"text":"70185482 - 1956 - Data and understanding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T14:03:02","indexId":"70185482","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Data and understanding","docAbstract":"<p>In the year 1534 when Cabeza de Vaca escaped from the aborigines of southern Texas by whom he had been enslaved for six years, he made his way on foot from the vicinity of Galveston to the west coast of Mexico. Although his <i>Relación</i> was not printed until 1542, the verbal report of Cabeza de Vaca gave impetus to the growing interest in exploration of New Spain. Estevanico, the black, one of de Vaca's companions, served as guide to Fray Marcos de Niza on the first Spanish reconnaissance to reach the village of Zuni in New Mexico.</p><p>The earliest Spanish exploring parties hoped to find riches, but expected to acquire, at the least, facts. These \"gentlemen of high quality,\" as Castaneda called them, wanted to see for themselves whether the cities of Cibola had streets of silver. Hearsay was not enough. Rumor was to be replaced by first-hand knowledge.</p><p>Without discounting the hope for personal gain, these men presumably were fired with some further intellectual and spiritual motivation, among which must have been the desire for facts about these parts where we are assembled. Inscription Rock, only a few miles west of Albuquerque, bears illuminating tidbits of history. Don Diego de Vargas, says the carved inscription of 1692, came here \"A su costa\"—at his own expense.</p><p>We are attempting to survey and correlate some of the facts which people have gained about the nature of semi-arid lands. We are better off than the early Spanish explorers, for in the intervening period data and information have been accumulated in scope and in detail beyond the imagination of our predecessors. We have available excellent maps, knowledge of the soils and of the rocks, both at the surface and below the ground, measurements of precipitation, descriptions of the vegetation, data on the flow of streams, experience in the use, if not the husbandry, of the land.</p><p>It is true that for the purposes of our complex civilization, the need for additional data has far outstripped the programs of fact-finding. But it appears that an indefinite expansion of the collection of routine measurements would still leave something lacking. I draw the distinction between measurement data and understanding; between the collection of facts and knowledge of processes and interrelationships. Although we have a wealth of data, our understanding of the semi-arid environment is poor.</p><p>Understanding the physical and biologic processes operating in an environment is important for living in and with the land. As an example, let us look briefly at the interrelation of the water and sediment in ephemeral streams, and the problem of valley trenching or arroyo cutting.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The future of arid lands: Papers and recommendations from the International Arid Lands Meetings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Arid Lands Meetings","conferenceDate":"April 26 - May 4, 1955","conferenceLocation":"Albuquerque, NM","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/aic.690030425","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., 1956, Data and understanding, <i>in</i> The future of arid lands: Papers and recommendations from the International Arid Lands Meetings, v. 43, Albuquerque, NM, April 26 - May 4, 1955, p. 114-120, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690030425.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"120","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d66e4b0236b68f98f9a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"White, Gilbert F.","contributorId":189688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Gilbert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685700,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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      [\n              -84.79248046875,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.22119140625,\n              46.5739667965278\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a84e4b07f02db64c8f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moffett, James W.","contributorId":94245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185489,"text":"70185489 - 1956 - Land use and sediment yield","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T14:22:18","indexId":"70185489","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Land use and sediment yield","docAbstract":"<p>When the vegetal cover is removed from a land surface, the rate of removal of the soil material, at least initially, increases rapidly. So well known is this principle that it hardly needs restatement.</p><p>If attention is focused on any individual drainage basin in its natural state, large or small, and inquiry is made as to the rate of denudation, a quantitative answer is not easily obtained. The possible error in any computation of rate of sediment production from any given drainage basin is considerable. Significant variations are found in sediment yields from closely adjacent watersheds which appear to be generally similar. To make a quantitative evaluation of the change in the rate of denudation when the natural vegetation is disturbed is, therefore, even more difficult. Considering the fact that \"soil conservation\" has been promoted to the status of a science, our lack of ability to answer what is apparently so simple a question may seem surprising. Let us look at some of the reasons.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Man’s role in changing the face of the Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Man's role in changing the face of the Earth: Second annual Wenner-Gren Symposium","conferenceDate":"June 16-22, 1955","conferenceLocation":"Princeton, NJ","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","publisherLocation":"Chicago, IL","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., 1956, Land use and sediment yield, <i>in</i> Man’s role in changing the face of the Earth, Princeton, NJ, June 16-22, 1955, p. 639-647.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"639","endPage":"647","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d66e4b0236b68f98f98","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Thomas, William L. Jr.","contributorId":189691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685718,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185477,"text":"70185477 - 1956 - Floods in relation to the river channel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T13:39:11","indexId":"70185477","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5272,"text":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Floods in relation to the river channel","docAbstract":"<p>Among the rivers studied by us two broad types may be distinguished. Channels in the semi-arid areas scour at high discharges so that the bed lowers nearly as much as the water surface rises. Detailed data on the middle reaches of the Rio Grande in New Mexico during the spring floods of 1948 and 1952 indicate that the bed aggrades to nearly its pre-flood level as the flood recedes. Channel banks may move rapidly by undercutting during periods of scour and levees are liable to failure not from overtopping but by undercutting.</p><p>In Connecticut, a sub-humid area, the repetitive processes of scour and fill in the semi-arid region were not demonstrated by the great floods of 1955. In a few reaches fresh sand was deposited over gravel beds subsequently to be removed by lower flows. Boulders four to six feet in diameter were moved in places over undisturbed beds of one-inch gravel. Channel widening occurred primarily in rivers in narrow valleys which confined the flow within the channel. Scour and deposition on flood plains adjacent to the rivers was irregular. Most deposits could be traced to local sources. In general, flood waters modified but did not vastly alter the prevailing configuration of the channel and structure of the flood plain.</p>","conferenceTitle":"Symposium Darcy: Floods","conferenceDate":"September 20-26, 1956","conferenceLocation":"Dijon, France","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Hydrological Sciences","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., and Wolman, M.G., 1956, Floods in relation to the river channel: Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, p. 85-98.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"98","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338071,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://iahs.info/Publications-News/","text":"Publisher's Website","linkHelpText":"Back issues of this publication are available using the search function"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d66e4b0236b68f98f9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolman, M. Gordon","contributorId":85163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gordon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010475,"text":"70010475 - 1956 - Half-life of Th232 and the branching ratio of Bi212","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-27T22:17:05.297294","indexId":"70010475","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3060,"text":"Physical Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Half-life of Th<sup>232</sup> and the branching ratio of Bi<sup>212</sup>","title":"Half-life of Th232 and the branching ratio of Bi212","docAbstract":"<p>The half-life of<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-17\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-18\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-19\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-20\" class=\"mjx-msup\"><span class=\"mjx-base\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-21\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-22\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">Th</span></span></span></span><sup><span class=\"mjx-sup\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-23\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-24\" class=\"mjx-mn\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">232</span></span></span></span></sup></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>has been calculated by determining an absolute gamma-disintegration rate for<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-4-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-25\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-26\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-27\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-28\" class=\"mjx-msup\"><span class=\"mjx-base\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-29\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-30\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">Tl</span></span></span></span><sup><span class=\"mjx-sup\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-31\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-32\" class=\"mjx-mn\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">208</span></span></span></span></sup></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>in equilibrium with<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-5-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-33\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-34\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-35\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-36\" class=\"mjx-msup\"><span class=\"mjx-base\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-37\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-38\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">Th</span></span></span></span><sup><span class=\"mjx-sup\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-39\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-40\" class=\"mjx-mn\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">232</span></span></span></span></sup></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>for three old thorium nitrate salts and one natural thorite sample. The branching ratio,<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-6-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-41\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-42\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-43\" class=\"mjx-mfrac\"><span class=\"mjx-box MJXc-stacked\"><span class=\"mjx-numerator\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-44\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-45\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\">α/</span></span></span></span><span class=\"mjx-denominator\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-46\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-47\" class=\"mjx-mo\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">(</span></span><span id=\"MJXc-Node-48\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\">α</span></span><span id=\"MJXc-Node-49\" class=\"mjx-mo\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">+</span></span><span id=\"MJXc-Node-50\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\">β</span></span><span id=\"MJXc-Node-51\" class=\"mjx-mo\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>, for<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-7-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-52\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-53\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-54\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-55\" class=\"mjx-msup\"><span class=\"mjx-base\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-56\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-57\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">Bi</span></span></span></span><sup><span class=\"mjx-sup\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-58\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-59\" class=\"mjx-mn\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">212</span></span></span></span></sup></span></span></span></span></span></span>, a necessary parameter in the calculation, was also measured. The half-life of<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-8-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-60\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-61\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-62\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-63\" class=\"mjx-msup\"><span class=\"mjx-base\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-64\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-65\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">Th</span></span></span></span><sup><span class=\"mjx-sup\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-66\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-67\" class=\"mjx-mn\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">232</span></span></span></span></sup></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>was found to be 1.42×<span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-9-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-68\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-69\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-70\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-71\" class=\"mjx-msup\"><span class=\"mjx-base\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-72\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-73\" class=\"mjx-mn\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">10</span></span></span></span><sup><span class=\"mjx-sup\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-74\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-75\" class=\"mjx-mn\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">10</span></span></span></span></sup></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>years within an estimated error of 5%, which is essentially in agreement with the presently accepted value. The branching ratio,<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-10-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-76\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-77\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-78\" class=\"mjx-mfrac\"><span class=\"mjx-box MJXc-stacked\"><span class=\"mjx-numerator\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-79\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-80\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\">α/</span></span></span></span><span class=\"mjx-denominator\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-81\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-82\" class=\"mjx-mo\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">(</span></span><span id=\"MJXc-Node-83\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\">α</span></span><span id=\"MJXc-Node-84\" class=\"mjx-mo\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">+</span></span><span id=\"MJXc-Node-85\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I\">β</span></span><span id=\"MJXc-Node-86\" class=\"mjx-mo\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>, of<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"aps-inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-11-Frame\" class=\"mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-87\" class=\"mjx-math\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-88\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-89\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-90\" class=\"mjx-msup\"><span class=\"mjx-base\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-91\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-92\" class=\"mjx-mi\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">Bi</span></span></span></span><sup><span class=\"mjx-sup\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-93\" class=\"mjx-mrow\"><span id=\"MJXc-Node-94\" class=\"mjx-mn\"><span class=\"mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R\">212</span></span></span></span></sup></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>was found to be 0.362±0.006, about 7.4% higher than the currently accepted value.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Physical Society","doi":"10.1103/PhysRev.104.1629","usgsCitation":"Senftle, F.E., Farley, T.A., and Lazar, N., 1956, Half-life of Th232 and the branching ratio of Bi212: Physical Review, v. 104, no. 6, p. 1629-1632, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.104.1629.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1629","endPage":"1632","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219144,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1956-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f5be4b0c8380cd5cd07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farley, T. A.","contributorId":102576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farley","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lazar, N.","contributorId":15756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazar","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70010478,"text":"70010478 - 1956 - The oxidation of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-27T22:22:36.721993","indexId":"70010478","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2408,"text":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The oxidation of 2,6-di-<i>tert</i>-butyl-4-methylphenol","title":"The oxidation of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol","docAbstract":"<p>The products formed in the oxidation of 2,6-di-<i>tert</i>-butyl-4-methylphenol with oxygen and sodium hydroxide at about 100° are 3,5-di-<i>tert</i>-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, trimethylacetic acid, an acidic compound C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and probably 2,6-di-<i>tert</i>-butylbenzoquinone (which was actually isolated in the similar oxidation of the above-named benzaldehyde), in addition to compounds previously reported. Some of the properties of C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>3</sub> are given, and the oxidation of it to 2,3-di-<i>tert</i>-butylsuccinic anhydride is described, but assignment of structure is reserved pending the completion of more experimental work.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/jo01117a020","usgsCitation":"Yohe, G.R., Dunbar, J., Pedrotti, R.L., Scheidt, F.M., Lee, F.G., and Smith, E.C., 1956, The oxidation of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol: Journal of Organic Chemistry, v. 21, no. 11, p. 1289-1292, https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01117a020.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1289","endPage":"1292","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae75e4b08c986b3240f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yohe, G. R.","contributorId":53942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yohe","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunbar, J. E.","contributorId":8986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunbar","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pedrotti, R. L.","contributorId":68878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pedrotti","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scheidt, F. M.","contributorId":90461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheidt","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, F. G. H.","contributorId":22901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, E. C.","contributorId":106890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70171149,"text":"70171149 - 1956 - Great Lakes Fishery Commission: role of the Commission in the solution of fishery problems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T09:33:05","indexId":"70171149","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission: role of the Commission in the solution of fishery problems","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Lakes programs and problems : statements presented to the Great Lakes Commission at the annual meeting","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Annual Meeting of the Great Lakes Commission","conferenceDate":"November 12-13, 1956","language":"English","publisher":"The Commission","usgsCitation":"Moffett, J.W., 1956, Great Lakes Fishery Commission: role of the Commission in the solution of fishery problems, <i>in</i> Great Lakes programs and problems : statements presented to the Great Lakes Commission at the annual meeting, November 12-13, 1956, p. 14-16.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d654ae4b07e28b6684170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moffett, James W.","contributorId":94245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009859,"text":"70009859 - 1956 - Two second-order tellurium lines listed in M.I.T tables as first-order lines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-15T14:53:08.40478","indexId":"70009859","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3462,"text":"Spectrochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two second-order tellurium lines listed in M.I.T tables as first-order lines","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0371-1951(56)80025-8","issn":"03711951","usgsCitation":"Dunton, P.J., 1956, Two second-order tellurium lines listed in M.I.T tables as first-order lines: Spectrochimica Acta, v. 8, no. 1, p. 53-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/0371-1951(56)80025-8.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218978,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb987e4b08c986b327c3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunton, P. J.","contributorId":36193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunton","given":"P.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2002332,"text":"2002332 - 1956 - The early life history of the lake trout in Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T16:11:07.299929","indexId":"2002332","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":406,"text":"Miscellaneous Public","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"10","title":"The early life history of the lake trout in Lake Superior","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"State of Michigan, Dept. of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Eschmeyer, P.H., 1956, The early life history of the lake trout in Lake Superior: Miscellaneous Public 10, 31 p.","productDescription":"31 p.","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science 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,{"id":2002429,"text":"2002429 - 1956 - Raising bait fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:54","indexId":"2002429","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":14,"text":"Circular","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"35","title":"Raising bait fishes","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"52/FH","usgsCitation":"Dobie, J., Meehean, O., Snieszko, S.F., and Washburn, G., 1956, Raising bait fishes: Circular 35, 123 p.","productDescription":"123 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"123","numberOfPages":"123","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6495a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dobie, J.","contributorId":102177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobie","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meehean, O.L.","contributorId":107820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meehean","given":"O.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snieszko, S. F.","contributorId":13169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snieszko","given":"S.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Washburn, G.N.","contributorId":37032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Washburn","given":"G.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1000372,"text":"1000372 - 1956 - Life history of lake herring of Green Bay, Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:05","indexId":"1000372","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history of lake herring of Green Bay, Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Although the lake herring has been an important contributor to the commercial fish production of Green Bay, little has been known about it.  This study is based on field observations and data from about 6,500 lake herring collected over the period 1948 to 1952. Relatively nonselective commercial pound nets were a primary source of material for the study of age and growth. Commercial and experimental gill nets were used to obtain data on gear selectivity and vertical distribution.  Scales were employed to investigate age and growth. Age group IV normally dominated commercial catches during the first half of the calendar year and age group III the last half. At these ages the fish averaged about 10.5 inches in length. The season's growth started in May, was most rapid in July, and terminated near the end of October. The sexes grew at the same rate. Selectivity of fishing gear was found to influence the estimation of growth. Geographical and annual differences in growth are shown. Factors that might contribute to discrepancies in calculated growth are evaluated. Possible real and apparent causes of growth compensation are given. The relation between length and weight is shown to vary with sex, season, year, and method of capture.  Females were relatively more plentiful in commercial catches in February than in May through December. The percentage of females decreased with increase in age in pound-net catches but increased with age in gill-net samples. Within a year class the percentage of females decreased with increase in age.  Most Green Bay lake herring mature during their second or third year of life. They are pelagic spawners with most intensive spawning over shallow areas. Spawning takes place between mid-November and mid-December, and eggs hatch in April and May. Lake herring ovaries contained from 3,500 to 11,200 eggs (averaged 6,375). Progress of spawning by age, sex, and length is given.  Lake herring were distributed at all depths in Green Bay in early May, were concentrated within 30 feet of the surface in late May, moved to deeper water in June, and were restricted to depths greater than 30 feet in July when temperatures in shallower water became unfavorably high (greater than 18A?C.). In October, lake herring were again at all depths but were most abundant near the surface.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fishery Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.H., 1956, Life history of lake herring of Green Bay, Lake Michigan: Fishery Bulletin, v. 109, p. 87-138.","productDescription":"p. 87-138","startPage":"87","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"51","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a539f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Stanford H.","contributorId":86711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Stanford","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010479,"text":"70010479 - 1956 - Multiple-unit fusion rack","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T16:55:05.147334","indexId":"70010479","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple-unit fusion rack","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60110a048","usgsCitation":"Marranzino, A., and Wood, W.H., 1956, Multiple-unit fusion rack: Analytical Chemistry, v. 28, no. 2, p. 273-274, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60110a048.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219148,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a608fe4b0c8380cd71541","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marranzino, A. P.","contributorId":61798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marranzino","given":"A. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, W. H.","contributorId":77294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010477,"text":"70010477 - 1956 - Abundances of the elements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:21","indexId":"70010477","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3285,"text":"Reviews of Modern Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundances of the elements","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews of Modern Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1103/RevModPhys.28.53","issn":"00346861","usgsCitation":"Suess, H.E., and Urey, H.C., 1956, Abundances of the elements: Reviews of Modern Physics, v. 28, no. 1, p. 53-74, https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.28.53.","startPage":"53","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204924,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.28.53"},{"id":219146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1956-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e662e4b0c8380cd473ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suess, H. E.","contributorId":69292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suess","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Urey, H. C.","contributorId":44284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urey","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70182058,"text":"70182058 - 1956 - Histopathology of kidney disease in fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T15:20:12","indexId":"70182058","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5298,"text":"American Journal of Pathology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Histopathology of kidney disease in fish","docAbstract":"<p>Kidney disease is one of the most puzzling fish diseases known to exist in the United States. In less than Io years it has invaded the Pacific Northwest, exacting a heavy toll of hatchery salmon. Its first appearance apparently was in Massachusetts where Belding and Merrill' described a disease similar to that now seen on the Pacific Coast. In I946 it was diagnosed in Washington2 and since that time has been observed in an ever increasing number of hatcheries. There are unpublished reports of the same or similar diseases in both California and Washington in the early I93o's.3 The latest outbreaks occurred in the Federal hatcheries at Berlin, New Hampshire, and Cortland, New York, in brook, brown, and rainbow trout.4 There is evidence to indicate that the disease may be much more widely spread in New York State.5 The disease is especially dangerous since little is known of the origin or source of the causative agent. Indeed, the classification of the diplobacillus associated with kidney disease is still uncertain. Thus, with our present knowledge, it is difficult or impossible to eradicate the malady from an infected hatchery. Histopathologic studies were undertaken to clarify the pathology of the disease and to compare the eastern form with the western form. </p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Wood, E.M., and Yasutake, W.T., 1956, Histopathology of kidney disease in fish: American Journal of Pathology, v. 32, no. 4, p. 591-603.","productDescription":"13 p. ","startPage":"591","endPage":"603","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335623,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1942701/pdf/amjpathol00692-0187.pdf"}],"volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a57710e4b057081a24eedb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, E. M.","contributorId":68685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yasutake, W. T.","contributorId":103222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yasutake","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":34617,"text":"b1032B - 1956 - Geology and ore deposits of the Freeland-Lamartine district, Clear Creek County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T19:32:02.207915","indexId":"b1032B","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1032","chapter":"B","title":"Geology and ore deposits of the Freeland-Lamartine district, Clear Creek County, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1032B","usgsCitation":"Harrison, J.E., and Wells, J.D., 1956, Geology and ore deposits of the Freeland-Lamartine district, Clear Creek County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1032, Report: v, 95 p.; 10 Plates: 39.00 x 27.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1032B.","productDescription":"Report: v, 95 p.; 10 Plates: 39.00 x 27.00 inches or smaller","startPage":"33","endPage":"127","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":62514,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62510,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62515,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62509,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62508,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":109198,"rank":13,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_20621.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"20621"},{"id":62513,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62516,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62512,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62511,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62506,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":166928,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62507,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1032b/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Clear Creek County","otherGeospatial":"Freeland-Lamartine district","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.642,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.642,\n              39.725\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.581,\n              39.725\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.581,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.642,\n              39.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4214","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrison, Jack Edward","contributorId":49778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, John David","contributorId":96244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39752,"text":"pp305A - 1956 - Core tests and test wells, Oumalik area, Alaska, with paleontology of test wells and core tests in the Oumalik area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T22:19:57.786548","indexId":"pp305A","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"305","chapter":"A","title":"Core tests and test wells, Oumalik area, Alaska, with paleontology of test wells and core tests in the Oumalik area, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp305A","usgsCitation":"Robinson, F.M., and Bergquist, H.R., 1956, Core tests and test wells, Oumalik area, Alaska, with paleontology of test wells and core tests in the Oumalik area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 305, Report: iv, 70 p.; 4 Plates: 31.00 x 63.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp305A.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 70 p.; 4 Plates: 31.00 x 63.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":67578,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305a/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67577,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305a/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67580,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67579,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305a/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":422986,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92869.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":67576,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122023,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Oumalik area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156,\n              69.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              69.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.5,\n              69.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.5,\n              69.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              69.875\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6890e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, F. M.","contributorId":84830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergquist, H. R.","contributorId":72439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergquist","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010586,"text":"70010586 - 1956 - Use of Argon as a Counting Gas at − 183°C","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T11:37:40","indexId":"70010586","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3276,"text":"Review of Scientific Instruments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of Argon as a Counting Gas at − 183°C","docAbstract":"<p>[No abstract available]</p>","language":"English","publisher":"AIP Publishing","doi":"10.1063/1.1715531","issn":"00346748","usgsCitation":"Senftle, F.E., and Farley, T.A., 1956, Use of Argon as a Counting Gas at − 183°C: Review of Scientific Instruments, v. 27, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1715531.","startPage":"238","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204912,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1715531"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbebee4b08c986b329770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farley, T. A.","contributorId":102576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farley","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010583,"text":"70010583 - 1956 - Thoron-tartaric acid systems for spectrophotometric determination of thorium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T16:56:54.126962","indexId":"70010583","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thoron-tartaric acid systems for spectrophotometric determination of thorium","docAbstract":"Thoron is commonly used for the spectrophotometric determination of thorium. An undesirable feature of its use is its high sensitivity to zirconium. This study describes the use of tartaric acid as a masking reagent for zirconium. Three tartaric acid-thoron systems, developed for the determination of thorium, differ with respect to the concentrations of thoron and tartaric acid. Mesotartaric acid, used in one of the systems, is most effective in masking zirconium. The behavior of rarer elements, usually associated with thorium ores, is determined in two systems, and a dilution method is described for the direct determination of thorium in monazite concentrates.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60113a011","usgsCitation":"Grimaldi, F.S., and Fletcher, M., 1956, Thoron-tartaric acid systems for spectrophotometric determination of thorium: Analytical Chemistry, v. 28, no. 5, p. 812-816, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60113a011.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"812","endPage":"816","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480420,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1050370/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":219089,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb2ebe4b08c986b325aa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grimaldi, F. S.","contributorId":94286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimaldi","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, Mary H.","contributorId":52954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Mary H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010587,"text":"70010587 - 1956 - Variation in content of abstracts according to use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-07T16:59:48.480616","indexId":"70010587","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2206,"text":"Journal of Chemical Education","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in content of abstracts according to use","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ed033p27","issn":"00219584","usgsCitation":"Fleischer, M., and Hooker, M., 1956, Variation in content of abstracts according to use: Journal of Chemical Education, v. 33, no. 1, p. 27-32, https://doi.org/10.1021/ed033p27.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219150,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1956-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc155e4b08c986b32a516","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleischer, M.","contributorId":84069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooker, M.","contributorId":47903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooker","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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