{"pageNumber":"694","pageRowStart":"17325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184900,"records":[{"id":70212716,"text":"70212716 - 2019 - Combining sediment fingerprinting with age-dating sediment using fallout radionuclides for an agricultural stream, Walnut Creek, Iowa, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-27T15:33:34.188151","indexId":"70212716","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-26T10:08:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2457,"text":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combining sediment fingerprinting with age-dating sediment using fallout radionuclides for an agricultural stream, Walnut Creek, Iowa, USA","docAbstract":"<h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The main purpose of this study was to demonstrate the utility of the sediment fingerprinting approach to apportion surface-derived sediment, and then age date that portion using short-lived fallout radionuclides. In systems where a large mass of mobile sediment is in channel storage, age dating provides an understanding of the transfer of sediment through the watershed and the time scales over which management actions to reduce sediment loadings may be effective.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>In the agricultural Walnut Creek watershed, Iowa, the sediment-fingerprinting approach with elemental analysis was used to apportion the sources of fine-grained sediment (croplands, prairie, unpaved roads, and channel banks). Fallout radionuclides (<sup>7</sup>Be,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>210</sup>Pb<sub>ex</sub>) were used to age the portion of suspended sediment that was derived from agricultural topsoil. Age dating was performed at two different scales:<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>210</sup>Pb<sub>ex</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>which can date sediment to ~ 85&nbsp;years and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>7</sup>Be to ~ 1&nbsp;year.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>Sediment fingerprinting results indicated that the majority of suspended sediment is derived from cropland (62%) with streambanks contributing 36%, and prairie, pasture, and unpaved roads each contributing ≤ 1%. The topsoil–derived portion of sediment (primarily agriculture) dated using<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>210</sup>Pb<sub>ex</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>has ages ranging from 1 to 58&nbsp;years, and using<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>7</sup>Be, a component of much younger sediment that yields ages ranging from 44 to 205&nbsp;days. The occurrence of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>7</sup>Be indicates that some portion of the sediment is young, on the order of months, whereas the dating based on<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>210</sup>Pb<sub>ex</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>indicates that some of the surface-derived sediment has been in channel storage for decades. Published studies in Walnut Creek indicate that a large component of sediment is stored in the channel bed.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>We conclude that the<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>210</sup>Pb<sub>ex</sub>-based ages are a reasonable estimate for the mean age of the surface-derived fraction and that<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>7</sup>Be activities are evidence that there is a smaller fraction of very young sediment in the stream. We propose a geomorphic model where agricultural soil is delivered to the channel and conveyed to the watershed outlet at three time scales: a geologic-millennial time scale, decades, and a young time scale (&lt; 1&nbsp;year).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11368-018-2168-z","usgsCitation":"Gellis, A.C., Fuller, C.C., Van Metre, P.C., Filstrup, C.T., Cole, K., and Sabitov, T., 2019, Combining sediment fingerprinting with age-dating sediment using fallout radionuclides for an agricultural stream, Walnut Creek, Iowa, USA: Journal of Soils and Sediments, v. 19, p. 3374-3396, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2168-z.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"3374","endPage":"3396","ipdsId":"IP-090014","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Jasper County","otherGeospatial":"Walnut Creek","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-93.234,41.8622],[-93.1187,41.8624],[-93.0035,41.8624],[-92.8845,41.8619],[-92.7674,41.8618],[-92.7683,41.776],[-92.768,41.6879],[-92.7683,41.6007],[-92.7567,41.6011],[-92.7564,41.509],[-92.8729,41.5082],[-92.9894,41.5083],[-93.1047,41.5078],[-93.2181,41.5076],[-93.3304,41.5074],[-93.3314,41.6004],[-93.3504,41.6004],[-93.3496,41.688],[-93.3494,41.7757],[-93.3492,41.8624],[-93.234,41.8622]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Jasper\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","volume":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":197684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C. 0000-0001-7564-9814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-9814","contributorId":211144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Filstrup, Christopher T.","contributorId":169032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filstrup","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cole, Kevin","contributorId":208183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37761,"text":"USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, 1015 N. University Blvd, Ames. IA 50011","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sabitov, Timur","contributorId":236885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabitov","given":"Timur","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47559,"text":"Geology and Geophysics, Academy of Science of Uzbekistan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70208804,"text":"70208804 - 2019 - Marine fog inputs appear to increase methylmercury bioaccumulation in a coastal terrestrial food web","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-02T10:01:56","indexId":"70208804","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-26T09:54:20","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine fog inputs appear to increase methylmercury bioaccumulation in a coastal terrestrial food web","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coastal marine atmospheric fog has recently been implicated as a potential source of ocean-derived monomethylmercury (MMHg) to coastal terrestrial ecosystems through the process of sea-to-land advection of foggy air masses followed by wet deposition. This study examined whether pumas (</span><i>Puma concolor</i><span>) in coastal central California, USA, and their associated food web, have elevated concentrations of MMHg, which could be indicative of their habitat being in a region that is regularly inundated with marine fog. We found that adult puma fur and fur-normalized whiskers in our marine fog-influenced study region had a mean (±SE) total Hg (THg) (a convenient surrogate for MMHg) concentration of 1544 ± 151 ng g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(N = 94), which was three times higher (</span><i>P</i><span> &lt; 0.01) than mean THg in comparable samples from inland areas of California (492 ± 119 ng g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, N = 18). Pumas in California eat primarily black-tailed and/or mule deer (</span><i>Odocoileus hemionus</i><span>), and THg in deer fur from the two regions was also significantly different (coastal 28.1 ± 2.9, N = 55, vs. inland 15.5 ± 1.5 ng g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, N = 40). We suggest that atmospheric deposition of MMHg through fog may be contributing to this pattern, as we also observed significantly higher MMHg concentrations in lace lichen (</span><i>Ramalina menziesii</i><span>), a deer food and a bioindicator of atmospheric deposition, at sites with the highest fog frequencies. At these ocean-facing sites, deer samples had significantly higher THg concentrations compared to those from more inland bay-facing sites. Our results suggest that fog-borne MMHg, while likely a small fraction of Hg in all atmospheric deposition, may contribute, disproportionately, to the bioaccumulation of Hg to levels that approach toxicological thresholds in at least one apex predator. As global mercury levels increase, coastal food webs may be at risk to the toxicological effects of increased methylmercury burdens.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-019-54056-7","usgsCitation":"Weiss-Penzias, P.S., Bank, M.S., Clifford, D.L., Torregrosa, A.A., Zheng, B., Lin, W., and Wilmers, C.C., 2019, Marine fog inputs appear to increase methylmercury bioaccumulation in a coastal terrestrial food web: Scientific Reports, v. 9, 17611, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54056-7.","productDescription":"17611, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107344","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54056-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":372762,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Cruz Mountain coastal region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.7777099609375,\n              36.619936625629215\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.47033691406249,\n              36.619936625629215\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.47033691406249,\n              37.80978395301097\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.7777099609375,\n              37.80978395301097\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.7777099609375,\n              36.619936625629215\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss-Penzias, Peter S.","contributorId":222895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiss-Penzias","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bank, Michael S.","contributorId":10684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bank","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clifford, Deana L.","contributorId":13556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifford","given":"Deana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Torregrosa, Alicia A. 0000-0001-7361-2241 atorregrosa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-2241","contributorId":3471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torregrosa","given":"Alicia","email":"atorregrosa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zheng, Belle","contributorId":222905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Belle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lin, Wendy","contributorId":222906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Wendy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilmers, Christopher C.","contributorId":150642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilmers","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70206894,"text":"70206894 - 2019 - Phenology patterns indicate recovery trajectories of ponderosa pine forests after high-severity fires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-09T15:04:14","indexId":"70206894","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-26T08:49:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phenology patterns indicate recovery trajectories of ponderosa pine forests after high-severity fires","docAbstract":"Post-fire recovery trajectories in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) forests of the US Southwest are increasingly shifting away from pre-burn vegetation communities.  This study investigated whether phenological metrics derived from a multi-decade remotely sensed imagery time-series could differentiate among grass, evergreen shrub, deciduous, or conifer-dominated replacement pathways.  We focused on 10 fires that burned ponderosa pine forests in Arizona and New Mexico, USA before the year 2000.  A total of 29 sites with discernable post-fire recovery signals were selected within high-severity burn areas.  At each site, we used Google Earth Engine to derive time-series of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) signals from Landsat Thematic Mapper, Enhanced Thematic Mapper+, and Operational Line Imager data from 1984 to 2017.  We aggregated values to 8- and 16-day intervals, fit Savitzy-Golay filters to each sequence, and extracted annual phenology metrics of amplitude, base value, peak value, and timing of peak value in the Timesat analysis package. Results show that relative to post-fire conditions, pre-burn ponderosa pine forests exhibit significantly lower mean NDVI amplitude (0.14 vs. 0.21), higher mean base NDVI (0.47 vs. 0.22), higher mean peak NDVI (0.60 vs. 0.43), and later mean peak NDVI (day of year 277 vs. 237).  Vegetation succession exhibits distinct phenometric characteristics as early as year five (amplitude) and as late as year 20 (timing of peak NDVI).  This study confirms the feasibility of leveraging phenology metrics derived from long-term imagery time series to identify and monitor ecological outcomes. This information may be of benefit to land resource managers who seek indicators of future landscape composition to inform management strategies.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs11232782","usgsCitation":"Walker, J.J., and Soulard, C.E., 2019, Phenology patterns indicate recovery trajectories of ponderosa pine forests after high-severity fires: Remote Sensing, v. 11, no. 23, 2782, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232782.","productDescription":"2782","ipdsId":"IP-112858","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459110,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232782","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Y1Z03F","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Phenology pattern data indicating recovery trajectories of ponderosa pine forests after high-severity fires"},{"id":369699,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-112.538593,37.000674],[-111.278286,37.000465],[-110.50069,37.00426],[-110.490908,37.003566],[-110.47019,36.997997],[-106.877292,37.000139],[-106.869796,36.992426],[-105.447255,36.996017],[-105.1208,36.995428],[-105.029228,36.992729],[-104.338833,36.993535],[-103.734364,36.998041],[-103.002199,37.000104],[-103.002434,36.500397],[-103.041924,36.500439],[-103.040824,36.055231],[-103.043531,34.018014],[-103.064625,32.999899],[-103.064423,32.000518],[-105.428582,32.0006],[-106.125534,32.002533],[-106.618486,32.000495],[-106.619448,31.994733],[-106.623568,31.990999],[-106.631182,31.989809],[-106.636492,31.985719],[-106.639529,31.980348],[-106.638186,31.97682],[-106.630114,31.971258],[-106.626466,31.97069],[-106.623216,31.97291],[-106.619569,31.971578],[-106.619371,31.964777],[-106.624299,31.961054],[-106.625123,31.954531],[-106.622819,31.952891],[-106.614702,31.956],[-106.616136,31.948439],[-106.623659,31.94551],[-106.622529,31.934863],[-106.629747,31.92657],[-106.628663,31.923614],[-106.623933,31.925335],[-106.611846,31.920003],[-106.633668,31.90979],[-106.645479,31.89867],[-106.645646,31.895649],[-106.6429,31.892933],[-106.633927,31.889184],[-106.629197,31.883717],[-106.634873,31.874478],[-106.635926,31.866235],[-106.627808,31.860593],[-106.625763,31.856276],[-106.614637,31.84649],[-106.605845,31.846305],[-106.602045,31.844405],[-106.605267,31.827912],[-106.602727,31.825024],[-106.593826,31.824901],[-106.589045,31.822706],[-106.577244,31.810406],[-106.570944,31.810206],[-106.566844,31.813306],[-106.547144,31.807305],[-106.535843,31.798607],[-106.533043,31.791907],[-106.527943,31.790507],[-106.528543,31.784407],[-108.208394,31.783599],[-108.208573,31.333395],[-108.851105,31.332301],[-110.140512,31.333965],[-111.074825,31.332239],[-111.560194,31.488138],[-112.246102,31.704195],[-112.867074,31.895488],[-113.125961,31.97278],[-113.78168,32.179034],[-114.250775,32.32391],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.812635,32.506918],[-114.807726,32.508726],[-114.804694,32.512476],[-114.804958,32.517506],[-114.809723,32.520153],[-114.811576,32.523594],[-114.810563,32.527666],[-114.802181,32.536414],[-114.802018,32.53946],[-114.805966,32.545346],[-114.803883,32.548002],[-114.793769,32.552329],[-114.791551,32.557023],[-114.791988,32.560652],[-114.795959,32.564093],[-114.804429,32.561976],[-114.808929,32.561976],[-114.810517,32.563828],[-114.808929,32.569652],[-114.801877,32.57601],[-114.803987,32.582652],[-114.800441,32.58808],[-114.799683,32.593621],[-114.801548,32.598591],[-114.807906,32.602783],[-114.809393,32.617119],[-114.80739,32.621332],[-114.799302,32.625115],[-114.791179,32.621833],[-114.781872,32.62505],[-114.782235,32.630215],[-114.779215,32.633579],[-114.764382,32.642666],[-114.76495,32.649391],[-114.748,32.664184],[-114.744491,32.678671],[-114.730453,32.698843],[-114.730086,32.704298],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-114.714522,32.73039],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.615585,32.728446],[-114.614772,32.734089],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.531669,32.791185],[-114.528849,32.796307],[-114.522031,32.801675],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.464448,32.913129],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.48092,32.935252],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469039,32.972295],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.488625,32.969946],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.499797,33.003905],[-114.511343,33.023455],[-114.523578,33.030961],[-114.571653,33.036624],[-114.578287,33.035375],[-114.584765,33.028231],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.628293,33.031052],[-114.639553,33.045291],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.657827,33.033825],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.68912,33.076122],[-114.688597,33.082869],[-114.692548,33.085786],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.707896,33.097432],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.696829,33.131209],[-114.687074,33.142196],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.680248,33.169717],[-114.67536,33.185489],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.673626,33.223121],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.688205,33.247966],[-114.672088,33.258499],[-114.677032,33.27017],[-114.680507,33.273577],[-114.694449,33.279786],[-114.72167,33.286982],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723623,33.31211],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.700938,33.337014],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.699053,33.361148],[-114.707348,33.376628],[-114.70731,33.382542],[-114.722872,33.398779],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.723829,33.406531],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.697707,33.410942],[-114.695655,33.415127],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.673901,33.418299],[-114.658382,33.413036],[-114.64954,33.413633],[-114.643302,33.416745],[-114.62964,33.428138],[-114.622283,33.447558],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.612472,33.470768],[-114.601696,33.481394],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.580468,33.506465],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.560963,33.516739],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.524599,33.552231],[-114.535664,33.568788],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.524619,33.61426],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.525783,33.657122],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.529706,33.668031],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.530348,33.679245],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.496489,33.696901],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.520094,33.799473],[-114.52805,33.814963],[-114.522714,33.818979],[-114.51997,33.825381],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.528451,33.854929],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.505638,33.864276],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.516501,33.885926],[-114.518928,33.891714],[-114.516314,33.896196],[-114.508708,33.90064],[-114.50792,33.903807],[-114.511511,33.911092],[-114.518434,33.917518],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.52868,33.947817],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.51586,33.958106],[-114.509568,33.957264],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.467932,33.992877],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.460415,33.999215],[-114.463132,34.00661],[-114.46117,34.010081],[-114.450206,34.012574],[-114.443821,34.016176],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434181,34.087379],[-114.415908,34.107636],[-114.405941,34.11154],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.379234,34.115988],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.336112,34.134035],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.312206,34.144776],[-114.292806,34.166725],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.275267,34.17215],[-114.268267,34.17021],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.240712,34.183232],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.224941,34.193896],[-114.225194,34.203642],[-114.211761,34.211539],[-114.190876,34.230858],[-114.17805,34.239969],[-114.173119,34.247226],[-114.166536,34.249647],[-114.161826,34.257038],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.134612,34.263518],[-114.134427,34.266387],[-114.139534,34.295844],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.168807,34.339513],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.213774,34.36246],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.234275,34.376662],[-114.252739,34.3901],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.280108,34.403147],[-114.288663,34.406623],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.312251,34.432726],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.342615,34.451442],[-114.373719,34.446938],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.387187,34.462021],[-114.381701,34.47604],[-114.382358,34.495757],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.429747,34.595846],[-114.424326,34.602338],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.441398,34.630171],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.451971,34.666795],[-114.456567,34.677956],[-114.465246,34.691202],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.486768,34.7191],[-114.495858,34.727956],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.529615,34.750822],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.576452,34.8153],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.600653,34.847361],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.630682,34.866352],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.636725,34.889107],[-114.630877,34.907263],[-114.633253,34.924608],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635237,34.965149],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.629928,34.99474],[-114.636674,35.008807],[-114.636893,35.028367],[-114.627124,35.044721],[-114.606694,35.058941],[-114.602908,35.068588],[-114.604736,35.07483],[-114.613132,35.083097],[-114.642831,35.096503],[-114.646759,35.101872],[-114.629934,35.118272],[-114.619905,35.121632],[-114.59912,35.12105],[-114.58774,35.123729],[-114.578524,35.12875],[-114.572747,35.138725],[-114.569569,35.163053],[-114.569238,35.18348],[-114.572119,35.200591],[-114.574835,35.205898],[-114.579963,35.20964],[-114.587129,35.262376],[-114.597503,35.296954],[-114.595931,35.325234],[-114.604314,35.353584],[-114.627137,35.409504],[-114.652005,35.429165],[-114.662125,35.444241],[-114.6645,35.449497],[-114.666377,35.466856],[-114.677643,35.489742],[-114.679205,35.499992],[-114.677205,35.513491],[-114.673805,35.517891],[-114.663105,35.524491],[-114.656905,35.534391],[-114.662005,35.545491],[-114.663005,35.56369],[-114.666184,35.577576],[-114.654306,35.59759],[-114.653406,35.610789],[-114.658206,35.619089],[-114.677107,35.641489],[-114.689407,35.651412],[-114.690008,35.664688],[-114.682207,35.678188],[-114.680607,35.685488],[-114.683208,35.689387],[-114.701208,35.701187],[-114.705409,35.708287],[-114.697309,35.733686],[-114.695709,35.755986],[-114.701409,35.769086],[-114.69891,35.790185],[-114.71211,35.806185],[-114.70991,35.810185],[-114.70371,35.814585],[-114.69571,35.830601],[-114.699848,35.843283],[-114.697767,35.854844],[-114.68201,35.863284],[-114.67742,35.874728],[-114.68112,35.885364],[-114.700271,35.901772],[-114.708516,35.912313],[-114.707526,35.92806],[-114.731159,35.943916],[-114.728318,35.95629],[-114.729941,35.962183],[-114.740595,35.975656],[-114.743756,35.985095],[-114.742779,36.009963],[-114.731162,36.021862],[-114.729707,36.028166],[-114.730435,36.031317],[-114.739405,36.037863],[-114.740617,36.041015],[-114.740375,36.049258],[-114.736253,36.05847],[-114.743342,36.070535],[-114.754099,36.07944],[-114.755618,36.087166],[-114.747079,36.097005],[-114.736165,36.104367],[-114.709771,36.107742],[-114.666538,36.117343],[-114.65995,36.124145],[-114.631716,36.142306],[-114.627855,36.141012],[-114.621883,36.13213],[-114.616694,36.130101],[-114.597212,36.142103],[-114.572031,36.15161],[-114.511721,36.150956],[-114.504631,36.145629],[-114.505766,36.131444],[-114.502172,36.128796],[-114.487034,36.129396],[-114.470152,36.138801],[-114.463637,36.139695],[-114.458369,36.138586],[-114.453325,36.130726],[-114.446605,36.12597],[-114.427169,36.136305],[-114.41695,36.145761],[-114.405475,36.147371],[-114.372106,36.143114],[-114.363109,36.130246],[-114.337273,36.10802],[-114.328777,36.105501],[-114.30843,36.082443],[-114.305738,36.074882],[-114.314206,36.066619],[-114.315557,36.059494],[-114.280202,36.046362],[-114.266721,36.029238],[-114.252651,36.020193],[-114.238799,36.014561],[-114.21369,36.015613],[-114.19238,36.020993],[-114.176824,36.027651],[-114.166465,36.027738],[-114.15413,36.023862],[-114.148191,36.028013],[-114.138202,36.041284],[-114.136896,36.059467],[-114.114531,36.095217],[-114.117459,36.100893],[-114.123221,36.104746],[-114.123144,36.111576],[-114.111011,36.119875],[-114.09987,36.121654],[-114.068027,36.180663],[-114.060302,36.189363],[-114.046838,36.194069],[-114.048515,36.289598],[-114.045829,36.442973],[-114.048476,36.49998],[-114.050562,36.656259],[-114.0506,37.000396],[-112.538593,37.000674]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"11","issue":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Jessica J. 0000-0002-3225-0317 jjwalker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3225-0317","contributorId":169458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Jessica","email":"jjwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70220223,"text":"70220223 - 2019 - Investigating the accuracy of one‐dimensional volcanic plume models using laboratory experiments and field data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-28T13:13:55.608928","indexId":"70220223","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-26T08:11:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigating the accuracy of one‐dimensional volcanic plume models using laboratory experiments and field data","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>During volcanic eruptions, model predictions of plume height are limited by the accuracy of entrainment coefficients used in many plume models. Typically, two parameters are used,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>α</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>β</i>, which relate the entrained air speed to the jet speed in the axial and cross‐flow directions, respectively. To improve estimates of these parameters, wind tunnel experiments have been conducted for a range of cross‐wind velocities and turbulence conditions. Measurements are compared directly to computations from the 1‐D plume model, Plumeria, in the near‐field, bending region of the jet. Entrainment coefficients are determined through regression analysis, demonstrating optimal combinations of effective<span>&nbsp;</span><i>α</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>β</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values. For turbulent conditions, all wind speeds overlapped at a single combination,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>α</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 0.06 and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>β</i>=0.46, each of&nbsp;which are slightly reduced from standard values. Refined coefficients were used to model plume heights for 20 historical eruptions. Model accuracy improves modestly in most cases, agreeing to within 3&nbsp;km with observed plume heights. For weak eruptions, uncertainty in field measurements can outweigh the effects of these refinements, illustrating the challenge of applying plume models in practice.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018jb017224","usgsCitation":"McNeal, J., Mastin, L.G., Cal, R., and Solovitz, S.A., 2019, Investigating the accuracy of one‐dimensional volcanic plume models using laboratory experiments and field data: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 124, no. 11, p. 11290-11304, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb017224.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"11290","endPage":"11304","ipdsId":"IP-101393","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb017224","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNeal, James S.","contributorId":257656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNeal","given":"James S.","affiliations":[{"id":52077,"text":"Washington State University, Vancouver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cal, Raul B.","contributorId":257658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cal","given":"Raul B.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solovitz, Stephen A. 0000-0001-7019-2958","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7019-2958","contributorId":257659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solovitz","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":52077,"text":"Washington State University, Vancouver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70209462,"text":"70209462 - 2019 - Watershed geomorphology modifies the sensitivity of aquatic ecosystem metabolism to temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T17:57:42.379102","indexId":"70209462","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-26T07:58:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Watershed geomorphology modifies the sensitivity of aquatic ecosystem metabolism to temperature","docAbstract":"How carbon cycles are regulated by environmental temperature remains a substantial uncertainty in our understanding of how watersheds will respond to ongoing climate change. Aquatic ecosystems are important components of carbon flux to the atmosphere and ocean, yet we have limited understanding of how temperature modifies ecosystem metabolic processes and, therefore, aquatic contributions to carbon cycles at watershed to global scales.  We propose that geomorphology controls the landscape-scale distribution and quality of organic material that forms the metabolic base of aquatic ecosystems and, therefore, how aquatic ecosystem metabolism responds to changes in temperature. Across 23 streams and four years in a boreal river basin, we estimated how temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration (ER) varied among streams draining watersheds with different geomorphic characteristics. We found that geomorphic conditions imposed strong ultimate controls on temperature sensitivity; ER in streams draining flat watersheds was up to six times more sensitive to temperature than streams draining steeper watersheds.  Further, we show that the link between watershed geomorphology and temperature sensitivity of ER was related to the quality of carbon substrates that changes systematically across the gradient in geomorphic conditions. These results suggest that geomorphology will ultimately control how carbon is transported, stored, and incorporated into river food webs as climate warms.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-019-53703-3","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Jankowski, K.J., and Schindler, D., 2019, Watershed geomorphology modifies the sensitivity of aquatic ecosystem metabolism to temperature: Scientific Reports, v. 9, 17619, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53703-3.","productDescription":"17619, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-102157","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53703-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jankowski, Kathi Jo 0000-0002-3292-4182","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-4182","contributorId":207429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jankowski","given":"Kathi","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schindler, Daniel E.","contributorId":223885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schindler","given":"Daniel E.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70206863,"text":"70206863 - 2019 - Employing an ecosystem services framework to deliver decision ready science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-26T07:08:17","indexId":"70206863","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-26T07:06:36","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5217,"text":"Advances in Ecological Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Employing an ecosystem services framework to deliver decision ready science","docAbstract":"Public land managers have limited information to allow for the integration and balancing of multiple objectives in land management decisions including the social (cultural and health), economic (monetary and nonmonetary), and environmental aspects.  In this article, we document an approach to consider the many facets of decision making by incorporating them into a decision context using an ecosystem services framework.  This analysis is based on a multi-partner project led by the US Geological Survey and the US Fish and Wildlife Service to provide land management decision support for the Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge. It is an integrated ecologic-economic analysis of baseline (current) and potential future quantities, qualities, and values of selected ecosystem services from the Refuge. Alternative management scenarios are modeled to consider the impact of specific management actions or natural disturbances on priority ecosystem services. We examine the benefits and challenges of using this framework. Key lessons learned from this effort include the mismatch in timing between physical and social science; the challenge of integrating methods from multiple disciplines; the importance of frequent communication to overcome siloed research; and the utility of an integrating framework for  ecosystem services and supporting tools such as the dynamic ecosystem model.","language":"English","publisher":"Science Signpost Publishing","usgsCitation":"Pindilli, E., Hogan, D.M., and Zhu, Z., 2019, Employing an ecosystem services framework to deliver decision ready science: Advances in Ecological Research, v. 4, no. 11, p. 302-323.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"323","ipdsId":"IP-103007","costCenters":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":369560,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ss-pub.org/aeer/employing-an-ecosystem-services-framework-to-deliver-decision-ready-science/"}],"volume":"4","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pindilli, Emily 0000-0002-5101-1266 epindilli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5101-1266","contributorId":140262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pindilli","given":"Emily","email":"epindilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":131137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70204598,"text":"sir20195071 - 2019 - Pecos River Basin salinity assessment, Santa Rosa Lake, New Mexico, to the confluence of the Pecos River and the Rio Grande, Texas, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-26T06:25:41","indexId":"sir20195071","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-25T16:39:51","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5071","displayTitle":"Pecos River Basin Salinity Assessment, Santa Rosa Lake, New Mexico, to the Confluence of the Pecos River and the Rio Grande, Texas, 2015","title":"Pecos River Basin salinity assessment, Santa Rosa Lake, New Mexico, to the confluence of the Pecos River and the Rio Grande, Texas, 2015","docAbstract":"<p>The elevated salinity of the Pecos River throughout much of its length is of paramount concern to water users and water managers. Dissolved-solids concentrations in the Pecos River exceed 3,000 milligrams per liter in many of its reaches in the study area, from Santa Rosa Lake, New Mexico, to the confluence of the Pecos River with the Rio Grande, Texas. The salinity of the Pecos River increases downstream and affects the availability of useable water in the Pecos River Basin. In this report, “salinity” and “dissolved-solids concentration” are considered synonymous; both terms are used to refer to the total ionic concentration of dissolved minerals in water. The sources of salinity in the Pecos River Basin are natural (geologic) and anthropogenic, including but not limited to groundwater discharge, springs, and irrigation return flows. Previous studies in the Pecos River Basin were project specific and designed to address salinity issues in specific parts of the basin; therefore, in 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, and Texas Water Development Board assessed the major sources of salinity throughout the extent of the basin where elevated salinity in the Pecos River is well documented (that is, in the drainage area of the Pecos River from Santa Rosa Lake to the confluence of the Pecos River and the Rio Grande). The goal was to gain a better understanding of how specific areas might be contributing to the elevated salinity in the Pecos River and how salinity of the Pecos River has changed over time. This assessment includes a literature review and compilation of previously published salinity-related data, which guided the collection of additional water-quality samples and streamflow gain-loss measurements. Differences in water quality of surface-water and groundwater samples, streamflow measurements, and geophysical data were assessed to gain new insights regarding sources of salinity in the Pecos River Basin and a more detailed assessment of potential areas of elevated salinity in the basin. The datasets compiled for this assessment are available in a companion data release.</p><p>The literature review identified several potential sources of salinity inputs to the Pecos River in New Mexico and Texas. In New Mexico, sources of salinity inputs included sinkhole springs discharging into El Rito Creek, the Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge inflow to the Pecos River, inflow from the Rio Hondo, including the main channel and a restored channel at the Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge referred to as the “Rio Hondo spring channel,” the outflow from Lea Lake at Bottomless Lakes State Park, and the Malaga Bend region of the Pecos River. In Texas, sources of salinity inputs included Salt Creek downstream from Red Bluff Reservoir and the area near the Horsehead Crossing ford on the Pecos River.</p><p>The compilation of historical water-quality data revealed a lack of consistent sampling of the same constituents at the same sites along the main stem of the Pecos River, which results in data gaps that hinder the ability to effectively analyze long-term changes in water quality that may help with the understanding of how salinity in the Pecos River has changed over time and identifying the sources of salinity in the Pecos River Basin. To help fill these data gaps, water-quality and streamflow data were collected in the study area in February 2015 by the U.S. Geological Survey. Historical water-quality data and newly collected data from February 2015 were evaluated for selected major-ion concentrations, dissolved-solids concentrations, and deuterium, oxygen, and strontium isotopes. Analysis of the data indicated several areas of increasing salinity in the Pecos River. Most notable increases were in two subreaches of the river, between Acme, N. Mex., and Artesia, N. Mex., and between Orla, Tex., and Grandfalls, Tex. Increasing sodium and chloride concentrations from Acme to Artesia coincided with changes in isotopic ratios within the Pecos River Basin. Changes in isotopic ratios in this reach indicate a likely inflow from an isotopically different source of water compared to the water in the main stem of the Pecos River, such as groundwater inflow, inflow from surface-water features distinct from the main stem of the Pecos River, or both. In the subreach between Orla and Grandfalls, an increase in dissolved-solids concentrations was observed along with a shift in isotope values, indicating that neither evaporative processes in Red Bluff Reservoir nor inflow from Salt Creek likely solely influences the salinity of the Pecos River in this subreach. The highest dissolved-solids concentrations in the Pecos River Basin were measured downstream from Grandfalls, where dissolved-solids concentrations are greater than 16,000 milligrams per liter near Iraan, Tex. Changes in isotopic values (deuterium, oxygen, and strontium) indicate mixing of different waters at several areas along the main stem of the Pecos River. The spatial distribution of the areas of interest from the literature review and the water-quality data are available in the companion data release.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195071","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, and Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Houston, N.A., Thomas, J.V., Ging, P.B., Teeple, A.P., Pedraza, D.E., and Wallace, D.S., 2019, Pecos River Basin salinity assessment, Santa Rosa Lake, New Mexico, to the confluence of the Pecos River and the Rio Grande, Texas, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5071, 75 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195071.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 75 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"91","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-083306","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369530,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DB800T","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Water Quality, Streamflow Gain Loss, Geologic, and Geospatial Data Used in the Pecos River Basin Salinity Assessment from Santa Rosa Lake, New Mexico to the Confluence of the Pecos River and the Rio Grande, Texas, 1900–2015"},{"id":369528,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5071/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":369529,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5071/sir20195071.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.72 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019–5071"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -102.39257812499999,\n              29.916852233070173\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.162109375,\n              29.305561325527698\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.1513671875,\n              30.826780904779774\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.97558593749999,\n              32.32427558887655\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.9970703125,\n              33.797408767572485\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.5791015625,\n              34.74161249883172\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.0732421875,\n              35.567980458012094\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.787109375,\n              36.38591277287651\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.22656249999999,\n              35.53222622770337\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.6220703125,\n              34.34343606848294\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.908203125,\n              32.62087018318113\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.39257812499999,\n              29.916852233070173\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/tx-water\" href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/tx-water\">Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1505 Ferguson Lane <br>Austin, TX 78754–4501 </p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods</li><li>Pecos River Basin Salinity Assessment</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1. Recommendations From the Literature</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2019-11-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":217873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Jonathan V. 0000-0003-0903-9713","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-9713","contributorId":217874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Jonathan V.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ging, Patricia B. 0000-0001-5491-8448","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-8448","contributorId":217875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ging","given":"Patricia B.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Teeple, Andrew P. 0000-0003-1781-8354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-8354","contributorId":217876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teeple","given":"Andrew P.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pedraza, Diana E. 0000-0003-4483-8094","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-8094","contributorId":217877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pedraza","given":"Diana E.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wallace, David S. 0000-0002-9134-8197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-8197","contributorId":217878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70205808,"text":"sir20195111 - 2019 - Evaluating associations between environmental variables and Escherichia coli levels for predictive modeling at Pawtuckaway Beach in Nottingham, New Hampshire, from 2015 to 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-25T09:58:08","indexId":"sir20195111","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-25T09:35:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5111","displayTitle":"Evaluating Associations Between Environmental Variables and <i>Escherichia Coli</i> Levels for Predictive Modeling at Pawtuckaway Beach in Nottingham, New Hampshire, From 2015 to 2017","title":"Evaluating associations between environmental variables and Escherichia coli levels for predictive modeling at Pawtuckaway Beach in Nottingham, New Hampshire, from 2015 to 2017","docAbstract":"<p>From 2015 through 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services and the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services studied occurrences of high levels of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) bacteria at the Pawtuckaway State Park Beach in Nottingham, New Hampshire. Historic data collected by the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services indicated that <i>E. coli</i> concentrations in the water typically increased through the beach season to levels considered potentially harmful to beachgoers. During the three beach seasons that were studied, <i>E. coli</i> samples were collected three to four times per week, and water-quality and meteorological data were collected continuously. The Virtual Beach software was used to generate a predictive model for each year of the study (2015–2017), and the model for each of these years was tested with data from the other two. Additionally, data from all study years were combined to generate a comprehensive model to help identify independent variables that might characterize environmental conditions relative to <i>E. coli</i> levels during multiple seasons. The accuracy of the models in predicting the occurrence of high <i>E. coli</i> levels was marginal, but the models did provide insights into the likely mechanisms for increased <i>E. coli</i> levels during the seasons. Variables most important in explaining high <i>E. coli</i> levels were the presence of geese at the beach, the progression of the season, the number of visitors at the beach, and wind vectors relative to beach orientation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services and the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Coles, J.F., and Bush, K.F., 2019, Evaluating associations between environmental variables and <i>Escherichia coli</i> levels for predictive modeling at Pawtuckaway Beach in Nottingham, New Hampshire, from 2015 to 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5111, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195111.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 28 p.; Data release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-101776","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369290,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5111/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":369288,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5cc70bf4e4b09b8c0b77e5b7","text":"USGS data release","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"Data collected at Pawtuckaway Beach in Nottingham, New Hampshire, 2015–2017"},{"id":369409,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5111/sir20195111.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.57 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019-5111"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","city":"Nottingham","otherGeospatial":"Pawtuckaway Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.1595630645752,\n              43.08080002811761\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.14797592163086,\n              43.08080002811761\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.14797592163086,\n              43.08650455068649\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.1595630645752,\n              43.08650455068649\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.1595630645752,\n              43.08080002811761\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto: dc_nweng@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto: dc_nweng@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/new-england-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/new-england-water\">New England Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>331 Commerce Way, Suite 2<br>Pembroke, NH 03275</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Objectives and Approach</li><li>Methods</li><li>Results</li><li>Discussion</li><li>Summary</li><li>Selected References</li><li>Appendix 1. The Virtual Beach Modeling Tool</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2019-11-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coles, James F. 0000-0002-1953-012X jcoles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-012X","contributorId":2239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"James","email":"jcoles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bush, Kathleen F.","contributorId":219516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bush","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":40019,"text":"NH-Dept. Health and Human Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70208559,"text":"70208559 - 2019 - Assessing the ecological impacts of biomass harvesting along a disturbance severity gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-17T07:00:24","indexId":"70208559","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-23T06:59:06","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the ecological impacts of biomass harvesting along a disturbance severity gradient","docAbstract":"Disturbance is a central driver of forest development and ecosystem processes with variable effects within and across ecosystems.  Despite the high levels of variation in disturbance severity often observed in forests following natural and anthropogenic disturbance, studies quantifying disturbance impacts often rely on categorical classifications, thus limiting opportunities to examine potential gradients in ecosystem response to a given disturbance or management regime.  Given the potential increases in disturbance severity associated with global change, as well as shifts in management regimes related to procurement of biofuel feedstocks, there is an increasing need to quantitatively describe disturbance severity and associated responses of forest development, soil processes, and structural conditions.  This study took advantage of two, replicated large-scale studies of forest biomass harvesting in Populus tremuloides and Pinus bansksiana forests, respectively, to develop and test the utility of a continuous, quantitative index of disturbance severity (DSI) for describing post-harvest response of plant communities and nutrient pools to different levels of biomass removal and legacy retention (i.e., live trees and coarse woody material). There was a high-degree of variability in DSI within categorical treatments associated with different levels of legacy retention and regression models using DSI as a predictor explained a portion of the variation (>50%) for many of the ecosystem- and community-level responses to biomass harvesting examined. Nutrient losses associated with biomass harvesting were positively related to disturbance severity, particularly in P. tremuloides forests, with post-harvest nutrient availability generally declining along the gradient of impacts. Consistent with expectations from ecological theory, species richness and diversity of woody plant communities were greatest at intermediate disturbance severities and regeneration densities of dominant trees species most abundant at highest levels of disturbance. Although categorical benchmarks will continue to be the primary way through which management guidelines are conveyed to practitioners, evaluation of their effectiveness at sustaining ecosystem functioning should be through continuous analyses, such as the DSI approach used in this study, to allow for the identification of minimum benchmarks that ensure a range of desirable outcomes exist across managed landscapes.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.2042","usgsCitation":"Kurth, V.J., Amato, A.W., Bradford, J., Palik, B.J., and Looney, C.E., 2019, Assessing the ecological impacts of biomass harvesting along a disturbance severity gradient: Ecological Applications, e02042, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2042.","productDescription":"e02042, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-101814","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurth, Valerie J.","contributorId":222542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurth","given":"Valerie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40556,"text":"University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources, Green Hall, 1530 Cleveland Avenue N, St. Paul, MN 55108","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amato, Anthony W.D.","contributorId":222543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.D.","affiliations":[{"id":40557,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, 81 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05095, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palik, Brian J.","contributorId":190301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Looney, Christopher E.","contributorId":222544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Looney","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40558,"text":"University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources, Green Hall, 1530 Cleveland Ave. N, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70208164,"text":"70208164 - 2019 - Avian influenza virus prevalence in marine birds is dependent on ocean temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-11T15:02:01","indexId":"70208164","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-22T20:02:42","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian influenza virus prevalence in marine birds is dependent on ocean temperatures","docAbstract":"Waterfowl and shorebirds are the primary hosts of influenza A virus (IAV), however, in most surveillance efforts, large populations of birds are not routinely examined; specifically marine ducks and other birds that reside predominately on or near the ocean. We conducted a long-term study sampling sea ducks and gulls in coastal Maine for IAV and found a virus prevalence (1.7%) much lower than is typically found in freshwater duck populations. We found wide year-to-year variation in virus detection in sea ducks and that the ocean water temperature was an important factor affecting IAV prevalence. In particular, the ocean temperature that occurred 11 d prior to collecting virus positive samples was important while water temperature measured concurrently with host sampling had no explanatory power for viral detection. We also experimentally showed that IAV is relatively unstable in sea water at temperatures typically found during our sampling. This represents the first report of virus prevalence and actual environmental data that help explain the variation in marine IAV transmission dynamics.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eap.2040","usgsCitation":"Hall, J.S., Dusek, R.J., Nashold, S., TeSlaa, J., Allen, B.R., and Grear, D.A., 2019, Avian influenza virus prevalence in marine birds is dependent on ocean temperatures: Ecological Applications, v. 30, no. 2, e02040, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2040.","productDescription":"e02040, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-108982","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2040","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371753,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.950439453125,\n              44.33956524809713\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.258056640625,\n              44.55524925971063\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.5821533203125,\n              44.449467536006935\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.807373046875,\n              44.56307730757893\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.10400390625,\n              44.42593442145313\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.1754150390625,\n              44.040218713142146\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.3511962890625,\n              44.07969327425713\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.9554443359375,\n              43.98095752608484\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.3399658203125,\n              43.67979094030124\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.42098999023438,\n              43.447934055374034\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.47248840332031,\n              43.36812077264018\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.53428649902344,\n              43.35813671794957\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.54115295410156,\n              43.33316939281732\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.45463562011719,\n              43.321680974983344\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.29808044433594,\n              43.42649456970131\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.11131286621094,\n              43.55999353481397\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.96711730957031,\n              43.680784110954846\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.63134765625,\n              43.680784110954846\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.22691345214844,\n              43.86423779837694\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.10125732421875,\n              43.84245116699039\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.79501342773438,\n              43.75423311551578\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.56430053710938,\n              43.93350594453702\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.19900512695312,\n              44.10632372465778\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.950439453125,\n              44.33956524809713\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5599-2826 jshall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-2826","contributorId":2254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jshall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dusek, Robert J. 0000-0001-6177-7479 rdusek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479","contributorId":174374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusek","given":"Robert","email":"rdusek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nashold, Sean 0000-0002-8869-6633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8869-6633","contributorId":214978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nashold","given":"Sean","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"TeSlaa, Joshua L. 0000-0001-7802-3454","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7802-3454","contributorId":39705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"TeSlaa","given":"Joshua L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Bradford R.","contributorId":221949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Bradford","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":40461,"text":"Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Bangor, Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grear, Daniel A. 0000-0002-5478-1549 dgrear@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549","contributorId":189819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grear","given":"Daniel","email":"dgrear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70208309,"text":"70208309 - 2019 - How low should we go when warning for earthquakes?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-04T07:36:08","indexId":"70208309","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-22T07:35:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How low should we go when warning for earthquakes?","docAbstract":"A key goal of earthquake early warning (EEW) systems is to alert populations who may be affected by a particular level of ground shaking so that they can take action to reduce impacts of that shaking, such as injuries, damages to physical infrastructure, or emotional distress. Most EEW systems work by rapidly determining the location and size of an earthquake, estimating shaking levels, and then distributing an alert to potentially affected populations. But EEW systems are limited by how rapidly the size of an earthquake can be determined as well as the details of the earthquake rupture process, the path of the seismic waves, and the alert distribution mechanism. And we are just beginning to understand how people respond to earthquake alerts, often relying on anecdotes. Determining the appropriate shaking intensities for public warnings requires understanding the range of individual and societal responses to earthquake alerts. The decision on when to issue earthquake alerts must balance the technical capabilities and potential outcomes, both desired and undesired, when choosing a ground-motion alerting threshold. Only when benefits outweigh the risks and users are prepared for alerts should they be used to warn the public about the possibility of earthquake shaking.","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.aaz6601","usgsCitation":"Cochran, E.S., and Husker, A.L., 2019, How low should we go when warning for earthquakes?: Science, v. 366, no. 6468, p. 957-958, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz6601.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"957","endPage":"958","ipdsId":"IP-112115","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371989,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"366","issue":"6468","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Husker, Allen L.","contributorId":143833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Husker","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70209099,"text":"70209099 - 2019 - Influence of forest harvest severity and time since perturbation on conservation of North American birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-17T07:03:57","indexId":"70209099","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T16:33:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of forest harvest severity and time since perturbation on conservation of North American birds","docAbstract":"I calculated avian conservation scores, based on published quantitative assessment of bird presence (typically relative abundance) and regional Partners in Flight conservation concern score of each species. I related these avian conservation scores to severity of forest perturbation (i.e., % retention) and number of years since perturbation for forest stands within North America. I characterized avian response to perturbation by comparing avian conservation score on perturbed stands with that of paired unperturbed reference stands. Positive avian response to perturbation, representative of improved avian conservation status, was found when forest retention was >20% of coniferous forests or 25%–75% of hardwood forests. Positive avian response was greatest ~10 years after perturbation that retained 58% of conifer forests or 49% of hardwood forests. Increased avian conservation scores following perturbation may last for up to 23 years after perturbation but occur and diminish sooner with greater forest retention. Average annual avian response, over 23 years post-perturbation, was greatest when 30%–50% of hardwood stands were retained and when 50%–70% of conifer stands were retained.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117742","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D.J., 2019, Influence of forest harvest severity and time since perturbation on conservation of North American birds: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 458, 117742, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117742.","productDescription":"117742, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107653","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117742","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"458","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207039,"text":"70207039 - 2019 - Using δ13C and δ18O to analyze loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) response to experimental drought and fertilization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T06:36:50","indexId":"70207039","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T15:26:48","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3649,"text":"Tree Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using δ13C and δ18O to analyze loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) response to experimental drought and fertilization","docAbstract":"Drought frequency and intensity are projected to increase throughout the southeastern USA, the natural range of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.), and are expected to have major ecological and economic implications. We analyzed the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions in tree ring cellulose of loblolly pine in a factorial drought (~30% throughfall reduction) and fertilization experiment, supplemented with trunk sap flow, allometry and microclimate data. We then simulated leaf temperature and applied a multi-dimensional sensitivity analysis to interpret the changes in the oxygen isotope data. This analysis found that the observed changes in tree ring cellulose could only be accounted for by inferring a change in the isotopic composition of the source water, indicating that the drought treatment increased the uptake of stored moisture from earlier precipitation events. The drought treatment also increased intrinsic water-use efficiency, but had no effect on growth, indicating that photosynthesis remained relatively unaffected despite 19% decrease in canopy conductance. In contrast, fertilization increased growth, but had no effect on the isotopic composition of tree ring cellulose, indicating that the fertilizer gains in biomass were attributable to greater leaf area and not to changes in leaf-level gas exchange. The multi-dimensional sensitivity analysis explored model behavior under different scenarios, highlighting the importance of explicit consideration of leaf temperature in the oxygen isotope discrimination (Δ18Oc) simulation and is expected to expand the inference space of the Δ18Oc models for plant ecophysiological studies.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpz096","usgsCitation":"Lin, W., Domec, J., Ward, E., Marshall, J.D., King, J.S., Laviner, M.A., Fox, T.R., West, J.B., Sun, G., McNulty, S., and Noormets, A., 2019, Using δ13C and δ18O to analyze loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) response to experimental drought and fertilization: Tree Physiology, tpz096, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpz096.","productDescription":"tpz096","ipdsId":"IP-109073","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpz096","text":"External Repository"},{"id":369919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lin, Wen","contributorId":221015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Wen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Domec, Jean-Christophe","contributorId":146460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Domec","given":"Jean-Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, Eric 0000-0002-5047-5464","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5047-5464","contributorId":221014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marshall, John D.","contributorId":176597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, John S","contributorId":221017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Laviner, Marshall A.","contributorId":221018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laviner","given":"Marshall","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":40311,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fox, Thomas R","contributorId":221016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":40311,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"West, Jason B.","contributorId":221019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sun, Ge","contributorId":145893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Ge","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McNulty, Steve G","contributorId":145897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNulty","given":"Steve G","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Noormets, Asko","contributorId":217423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noormets","given":"Asko","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70208996,"text":"70208996 - 2019 - General external uncertainty models of three-plane intersection point for 3D absolute accuracy assessment of lidar point cloud","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-10T13:53:55","indexId":"70208996","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T13:47:56","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"General external uncertainty models of three-plane intersection point for 3D absolute accuracy assessment of lidar point cloud","docAbstract":"The traditional practice to assess accuracy in lidar data involves calculating RMSEz (root mean square error of the vertical component). Accuracy assessment of lidar point clouds in full 3D (dimension) is not routinely performed. The main challenge in assessing accuracy in full 3D is how to identify a conjugate point of a ground-surveyed checkpoint in the lidar point cloud with the smallest possible uncertainty value.  Relatively coarse point-spacing in airborne lidar data makes it challenging to determine a conjugate point accurately. As a result, a substantial unwanted error is added to the inherent positional uncertainty of the lidar data. Unless we keep this additional error small enough, the 3D accuracy assessment result will not properly represent the inherent uncertainty. We call this added error “external uncertainty,” which is associated with conjugate point identification. This research developed a general external uncertainty model using three-plane intersections and accounts for several factors (sensor precision, feature dimension, and point density). This method can be used for lidar point cloud data from a wide range of sensor qualities, point densities, and sizes of the features of interest. The external uncertainty model was derived as a semi-analytical function that takes the number of points on a plane as an input. It is a normalized general function that can be scaled by smooth surface precision (SSP) of a lidar system. This general uncertainty model provides a quantitative guideline on the required conditions for the conjugate point based on the geometric features. Applications of external uncertainty model was demonstrated using various lidar point cloud data from US Geological Survey (USGS) 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) library to determine the valid conditions for a conjugate point from three-plane.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs11232737","usgsCitation":"Kim, M., Park, S., Danielson, J.J., Irwin, J., Stensaas, G.L., Stoker, J.M., and Nimetz, J., 2019, General external uncertainty models of three-plane intersection point for 3D absolute accuracy assessment of lidar point cloud: Remote Sensing, v. 11, no. 23, 2737, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232737.","productDescription":"2737, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-113404","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232737","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373048,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, Minsu 0000-0003-4472-0926 minsukim@contractor.usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4472-0926","contributorId":216429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Minsu","email":"minsukim@contractor.usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":54490,"text":"KBR, Inc., under contract to USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":784451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Park, Seonkyung 0000-0003-3203-1998","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3203-1998","contributorId":223182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"Seonkyung","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54490,"text":"KBR, Inc., under contract to USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":784452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Danielson, Jeffrey J. 0000-0003-0907-034X daniels@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-034X","contributorId":3996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danielson","given":"Jeffrey","email":"daniels@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irwin, Jeffrey 0000-0001-5828-0787 jrirwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5828-0787","contributorId":222485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrirwin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stensaas, Gregory L. 0000-0001-6679-2416 stensaas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6679-2416","contributorId":2551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stensaas","given":"Gregory","email":"stensaas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stoker, Jason M. 0000-0003-2455-0931 jstoker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2455-0931","contributorId":3021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoker","given":"Jason","email":"jstoker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nimetz, Joshua 0000-0002-7132-9992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7132-9992","contributorId":223183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimetz","given":"Joshua","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70207442,"text":"70207442 - 2019 - Holocene earthquake history and slip rate of the southern Teton fault, Wyoming, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-09T14:28:34.224535","indexId":"70207442","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T13:12:47","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene earthquake history and slip rate of the southern Teton fault, Wyoming, USA","docAbstract":"The 72-km-long Teton normal fault bounds the eastern base of the Teton Range in northwestern Wyoming, USA. Although geomorphic surfaces along the fault record latest Pleistocene to Holocene fault movement, the postglacial earthquake history of the fault has remained enigmatic. We excavated a paleoseismic trench at the Buffalo Bowl site along the southernmost part of the fault to determine its Holocene rupture history and slip rate. At the site, ∼6.3 m of displacement postdates an early Holocene (ca. 10.5 ka) alluvial-fan surface. We document evidence of three surface-faulting earthquakes based on packages of scarp-derived colluvium that postdate the alluvial-fan units. Bayesian modeling of radiocarbon and luminescence ages yields earthquake times of ca. 9.9 ka, ca. 7.1 ka, and ca. 4.6 ka, forming the longest, most complete paleoseismic record of the Teton fault. We integrate these data with a displaced deglacial surface 4 km NE at Granite Canyon to calculate a postglacial to mid-Holocene (14.4−4.6 ka) slip rate of ∼1.1 mm/yr. Our analysis also suggests that the postglacial to early Holocene (14.4−9.9 ka) slip rate exceeds the Holocene (9.9−4.6 ka) rate by a factor of ∼2 (maximum of 3); however, a uniform rate for the fault is possible considering the 95% slip-rate errors. The ∼5 k.y. elapsed time since the last rupture of the southernmost Teton fault implies a current slip deficit of ∼4−5 m, which is possibly explained by spatially/temporally incomplete paleoseismic data, irregular earthquake recurrence, and/or variable per-event displacement. Our study emphasizes the importance of minimizing slip-rate uncertainties by integrating paleoseismic and geomorphic data sets and capturing multiple earthquake cycles.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B35363.1","usgsCitation":"DuRoss, C., Gold, R.D., Briggs, R.W., Delano, J.E., Ostenaa, D.A., Zellman, M., Cholewinski, N., Wittke, S., and Mahan, S.A., 2019, Holocene earthquake history and slip rate of the southern Teton fault, Wyoming, USA: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 132, no. 7-8, p. 1566-1586, https://doi.org/10.1130/B35363.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1566","endPage":"1586","ipdsId":"IP-111318","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-110.048476,40.997555],[-110.121639,40.997101],[-110.125709,40.99655],[-110.237848,40.995427],[-110.250709,40.996089],[-110.375714,40.994947],[-110.500718,40.994746],[-110.539819,40.996346],[-110.715026,40.996347],[-110.750727,40.996847],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-111.046551,41.251716],[-111.0466,41.360692],[-111.046264,41.377731],[-111.045789,41.565571],[-111.045818,41.579845],[-111.046689,42.001567],[-111.047109,42.142497],[-111.047107,42.148971],[-111.047058,42.182672],[-111.047097,42.194773],[-111.047074,42.280787],[-111.04708,42.34942],[-111.046801,42.504946],[-111.046719,42.513118],[-111.046017,42.582723],[-111.043564,42.722624],[-111.044135,42.874924],[-111.043959,42.96445],[-111.043957,42.969482],[-111.043924,42.975063],[-111.044129,43.018702],[-111.044156,43.020052],[-111.044206,43.022614],[-111.044034,43.024581],[-111.044034,43.024844],[-111.044033,43.026411],[-111.044094,43.02927],[-111.043997,43.041415],[-111.044058,43.04464],[-111.044063,43.046302],[-111.044086,43.054819],[-111.044117,43.060309],[-111.04415,43.066172],[-111.044162,43.068222],[-111.044143,43.072364],[-111.044235,43.177121],[-111.044266,43.177236],[-111.044232,43.18444],[-111.044168,43.189244],[-111.044229,43.195579],[-111.044617,43.31572],[-111.045205,43.501136],[-111.045706,43.659112],[-111.04588,43.681033],[-111.046118,43.684902],[-111.046051,43.685812],[-111.04611,43.687848],[-111.046421,43.722059],[-111.046435,43.726545],[-111.04634,43.726957],[-111.046715,43.815832],[-111.046515,43.908376],[-111.046917,43.974978],[-111.047064,43.983467],[-111.047349,43.999921],[-111.049077,44.020072],[-111.048751,44.060403],[-111.048751,44.060838],[-111.048633,44.062903],[-111.048452,44.114831],[-111.049119,44.124923],[-111.049695,44.353626],[-111.049148,44.374925],[-111.049216,44.435811],[-111.049194,44.438058],[-111.048974,44.474072],[-111.055208,44.624927],[-111.055333,44.666263],[-111.055511,44.725343],[-111.056416,44.749928],[-111.056888,44.866658],[-111.055629,44.933578],[-111.056207,44.935901],[-111.055199,45.001321],[-111.044275,45.001345],[-110.785008,45.002952],[-110.761554,44.999934],[-110.750767,44.997948],[-110.705272,44.992324],[-110.552433,44.992237],[-110.547165,44.992459],[-110.48807,44.992361],[-110.402927,44.99381],[-110.362698,45.000593],[-110.342131,44.999053],[-110.324441,44.999156],[-110.28677,44.99685],[-110.199503,44.996188],[-110.110103,45.003905],[-110.026347,45.003665],[-110.025544,45.003602],[-109.99505,45.003174],[-109.875735,45.003275],[-109.798687,45.002188],[-109.75073,45.001605],[-109.663673,45.002536],[-109.574321,45.002631],[-109.386432,45.004887],[-109.375713,45.00461],[-109.269294,45.005283],[-109.263431,45.005345],[-109.103445,45.005904],[-109.08301,44.99961],[-109.062262,44.999623],[-108.621313,45.000408],[-108.578484,45.000484],[-108.565921,45.000578],[-108.500679,44.999691],[-108.271201,45.000251],[-108.249345,44.999458],[-108.238139,45.000206],[-108.218479,45.000541],[-108.14939,45.001062],[-108.000663,45.001223],[-107.997353,45.001565],[-107.911743,45.001292],[-107.750654,45.000778],[-107.608854,45.00086],[-107.607824,45.000929],[-107.49205,45.00148],[-107.351441,45.001407],[-107.13418,45.000109],[-107.125633,44.999388],[-107.105685,44.998734],[-107.084939,44.996599],[-107.074996,44.997004],[-107.050801,44.996424],[-106.892875,44.995947],[-106.888773,44.995885],[-106.263586,44.993788],[-106.024814,44.993688],[-105.928184,44.993647],[-105.914258,44.999986],[-105.913382,45.000941],[-105.848065,45.000396],[-105.076607,45.000347],[-105.038405,45.000345],[-105.025266,45.00029],[-105.019284,45.000329],[-105.01824,45.000437],[-104.765063,44.999183],[-104.759855,44.999066],[-104.72637,44.999518],[-104.665171,44.998618],[-104.663882,44.998869],[-104.470422,44.998453],[-104.470117,44.998453],[-104.250145,44.99822],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.055914,44.874986],[-104.056496,44.867034],[-104.055963,44.768236],[-104.055963,44.767962],[-104.055934,44.72372],[-104.05587,44.723422],[-104.055777,44.700466],[-104.055938,44.693881],[-104.05581,44.691343],[-104.055877,44.571016],[-104.055892,44.543341],[-104.055927,44.51773],[-104.055389,44.249983],[-104.054487,44.180381],[-104.054562,44.141081],[-104.05495,43.93809],[-104.055077,43.936535],[-104.055488,43.853477],[-104.055488,43.853476],[-104.055138,43.750421],[-104.055133,43.747105],[-104.054902,43.583852],[-104.054885,43.583512],[-104.05484,43.579368],[-104.055032,43.558603],[-104.054787,43.503328],[-104.054786,43.503072],[-104.054779,43.477815],[-104.054766,43.428914],[-104.054614,43.390949],[-104.054403,43.325914],[-104.054218,43.30437],[-104.053884,43.297047],[-104.053876,43.289801],[-104.053127,43.000585],[-104.052863,42.754569],[-104.052809,42.749966],[-104.052583,42.650062],[-104.052741,42.633982],[-104.052586,42.630917],[-104.052773,42.611766],[-104.052775,42.61159],[-104.052775,42.610813],[-104.053107,42.499964],[-104.052776,42.25822],[-104.052793,42.249962],[-104.053125,42.249962],[-104.052761,42.170278],[-104.052547,42.166801],[-104.053001,42.137254],[-104.052738,42.133769],[-104.0526,42.124963],[-104.052954,42.089077],[-104.052967,42.075004],[-104.05288,42.021761],[-104.052729,42.016318],[-104.052704,42.001718],[-104.052699,41.998673],[-104.052761,41.994967],[-104.05283,41.9946],[-104.052856,41.975958],[-104.052734,41.973007],[-104.052991,41.914973],[-104.052931,41.906143],[-104.053026,41.885464],[-104.052774,41.733401],[-104.05283,41.697954],[-104.052913,41.64519],[-104.052945,41.638167],[-104.052975,41.622931],[-104.052735,41.613676],[-104.052859,41.592254],[-104.05254,41.564274],[-104.052531,41.552723],[-104.052584,41.55265],[-104.052692,41.541154],[-104.052686,41.539111],[-104.052476,41.522343],[-104.052478,41.515754],[-104.05234,41.417865],[-104.05216,41.407662],[-104.052287,41.393307],[-104.052288,41.393214],[-104.052687,41.330569],[-104.052324,41.321144],[-104.052476,41.320961],[-104.052568,41.316202],[-104.052453,41.278202],[-104.052574,41.278019],[-104.052666,41.275251],[-104.053514,41.157257],[-104.053142,41.114457],[-104.053083,41.104985],[-104.053025,41.090274],[-104.053177,41.089725],[-104.053097,41.018045],[-104.053158,41.016809],[-104.053249,41.001406],[-104.066961,41.001504],[-104.086068,41.001563],[-104.10459,41.001543],[-104.123586,41.001626],[-104.211473,41.001591],[-104.214191,41.001568],[-104.214692,41.001657],[-104.467672,41.001473],[-104.497058,41.001805],[-104.497149,41.001828],[-104.675999,41.000957],[-104.829504,40.99927],[-104.855273,40.998048],[-104.943371,40.998084],[-105.254779,40.99821],[-105.256527,40.998191],[-105.27686,40.998173],[-105.277138,40.998173],[-105.724804,40.99691],[-105.730421,40.996886],[-106.061181,40.996999],[-106.190554,40.997607],[-106.217573,40.997734],[-106.321165,40.999123],[-106.386356,41.001144],[-106.391852,41.001176],[-106.43095,41.001752],[-106.437419,41.001795],[-106.439563,41.001978],[-106.453859,41.002057],[-106.857773,41.002663],[-107.000606,41.003444],[-107.241194,41.002804],[-107.317794,41.002967],[-107.367443,41.003073],[-107.625624,41.002124],[-107.918421,41.002036],[-108.046539,41.002064],[-108.181227,41.000455],[-108.250649,41.000114],[-108.500659,41.000112],[-108.526667,40.999608],[-108.631108,41.000156],[-108.884138,41.000094],[-109.050076,41.000659],[-109.173682,41.000859],[-109.231985,41.002059],[-109.250735,41.001009],[-109.500694,40.999127],[-109.534926,40.998143],[-109.676421,40.998395],[-109.713877,40.998266],[-109.715409,40.998191],[-109.854302,40.997661],[-109.855299,40.997614],[-109.97553,40.997912],[-109.999838,40.99733],[-110.000708,40.997352],[-110.006495,40.997815],[-110.048476,40.997555]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Wyoming\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"132","issue":"7-8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DuRoss, Christopher B. 0000-0002-6963-7451 cduross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-7451","contributorId":152321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"Christopher","email":"cduross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gold, Ryan D. 0000-0002-4464-6394 rgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-6394","contributorId":3883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Ryan","email":"rgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":139002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Delano, Jaime E. 0000-0003-2601-2600","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2601-2600","contributorId":210604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delano","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ostenaa, Dean A.","contributorId":39467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostenaa","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zellman, Mark","contributorId":167020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zellman","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cholewinski, Nicole","contributorId":221401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cholewinski","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40365,"text":"GEI Consultants","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wittke, Seth","contributorId":221402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wittke","given":"Seth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40366,"text":"Wyoming State Geological  Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70209051,"text":"70209051 - 2019 - Using age tracers and decadal sampling to discern trends in nitrate, arsenic and uranium in groundwater beneath irrigated cropland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-12T13:16:44","indexId":"70209051","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T13:06:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5925,"text":"Environmental Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using age tracers and decadal sampling to discern trends in nitrate, arsenic and uranium in groundwater beneath irrigated cropland","docAbstract":"Repeat sampling and age tracers were used to examine trends in nitrate, arsenic and uranium concentrations in groundwater beneath irrigated cropland. Much higher nitrate concentrations in shallow modern groundwater were observed at both the Columbia Plateau and High Plains sites (median values of 10.2 and 15.4 mg/L as N, respectively) than in groundwater that recharged prior to the onset of intensive irrigation (median values of <1 and <4 mg/L as N, respectively). Repeat sampling of these well networks indicates that high nitrate concentrations in modern, shallow groundwater have been sustained for decades, posing a future risk to older, deeper groundwater used for drinking water. In fact, nitrate concentrations in older modern water (30-60 years since recharge) at the High Plains site have increased in the last decade. Groundwater irrigated areas in the Columbia Plateau tend to have higher nitrate concentrations than surface-water irrigated areas suggesting that repeated dissolution of land applied fertilizer during recirculation may be an important factor causing high nitrate concentrations in groundwater. Mobilization of uranium and arsenic by land surface activities is suggested by the higher concentrations of these constituents in modern, shallow groundwater than in older, deeper groundwater at the Columbia Plateau site. Bicarbonate concentrations in modern groundwater are positively correlated with uranium (r=0.72, p<0.01), suggesting bicarbonate may mobilize uranium in this system. A positive correlation between arsenic and phosphorus concentrations in modern groundwater (r=0.55, p<0.01) suggests that phosphate from fertilizer outcompetes arsenate for sorption sites, mobilizing sorbed arsenic derived from past pesticide use or other sources.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.9b03459","usgsCitation":"Tesoriero, A.J., Burow, K.R., Frans, L., Haynes, J.V., Hobza, C.M., Lindsey, B.D., and Solder, J.E., 2019, Using age tracers and decadal sampling to discern trends in nitrate, arsenic and uranium in groundwater beneath irrigated cropland: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 53, no. 24, p. 14152-14164, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b03459.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"14152","endPage":"14164","ipdsId":"IP-107801","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UY8L30","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Dissolved gas and tracer concentrations from the Columbia Plateau Aquifer, Vertical Flowpath Study Network"},{"id":437277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VLFXTM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Dissolved Gas and Tracer Concentrations for the High Plains Aquifer, Vertical Flowpath Study Network"},{"id":373200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tesoriero, Anthony J. 0000-0003-4674-7364 tesorier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4674-7364","contributorId":2693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tesoriero","given":"Anthony","email":"tesorier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frans, Lonna 0000-0002-3217-1862","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-1862","contributorId":210896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frans","given":"Lonna","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haynes, Jonathan V. 0000-0001-6530-6252 jhaynes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-6252","contributorId":3113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynes","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhaynes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hobza, Christopher M. 0000-0002-6239-934X cmhobza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-934X","contributorId":2393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobza","given":"Christopher","email":"cmhobza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":175346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Solder, John E. 0000-0002-0660-3326","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-3326","contributorId":201953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solder","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70206758,"text":"70206758 - 2019 - Synergistic interaction of climate and land-use drivers alter the function of North American, Prairie-pothole Wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-22T11:05:51","indexId":"70206758","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T11:03:30","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3504,"text":"Sustainability","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synergistic interaction of climate and land-use drivers alter the function of North American, Prairie-pothole Wetlands","docAbstract":"Prairie-pothole wetlands provide the critical habitat necessary for supporting North American migratory waterfowl populations. However, climate and land-use change threaten the sustainability of these wetland ecosystems. Very few experiments and analyses have been designed to investigate the relative impacts of climate and land-use change drivers, as well as the antagonistic or synergistic interactions among these drivers on ecosystem processes. Prairie-pothole wetland water budgets are highly dependent on atmospheric inputs and especially surface runoff, which makes them especially susceptible to changes in climate and land use. Here, we present the history of prairie-pothole climate and land-use change research and address the following research questions: 1) What are the relative effects of climate and land-use change on the sustainability of prairie-pothole wetlands? and 2) Do the effects of climate and land-use change interact differently under different climatic conditions? To address these research questions, we modeled 25 wetland basins (1949–2018) and measured the response of the lowest wetland in the watershed to wetland drainage and climate variability. We found that during an extremely wet period (1993–2000) wetland drainage decreased the time at which the lowest wetland reached its spill point by four years, resulting in 10 times the amount of water spilling out of the watershed towards local stream networks. By quantifying the relative effects of both climate and land-use drivers on wetland ecosystems our findings can help managers cope with uncertainties about flooding risks and provide insight into how to manage wetlands to restore functionality","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/su11236581","usgsCitation":"McKenna, O.P., Kucia, S.R., Mushet, D.M., Anteau, M.J., and Wiltermuth, M.T., 2019, Synergistic interaction of climate and land-use drivers alter the function of North American, Prairie-pothole Wetlands: Sustainability, v. 11, no. 23, 6581, https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236581.","productDescription":"6581","ipdsId":"IP-112410","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236581","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":369465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.798828125,\n              52.32191088594773\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.88671875,\n              53.225768435790194\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.224609375,\n              54.521081495443596\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.99414062499999,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.798828125,\n              41.83682786072714\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.39453125,\n              38.54816542304656\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.857421875,\n              38.95940879245423\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.736328125,\n              44.5278427984555\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.798828125,\n              52.32191088594773\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, Owen P. 0000-0002-5937-9436 omckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-9436","contributorId":198598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"Owen","email":"omckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":775691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kucia, Samuel Richard","contributorId":220767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kucia","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiltermuth, Mark T. 0000-0002-8871-2816 mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-2816","contributorId":708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiltermuth","given":"Mark","email":"mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70206776,"text":"70206776 - 2019 - Riparian soil nitrogen cycling and isotopic enrichment in response to a long-term salmon carcass manipulation experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T15:11:55","indexId":"70206776","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T10:41:17","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Riparian soil nitrogen cycling and isotopic enrichment in response to a long-term salmon carcass manipulation experiment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Pacific salmon acquire most of their biomass in the ocean before returning to spawn and die in coastal streams and lakes, thus providing subsidies of marine‐derived nitrogen (MDN) to freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. Recent declines in salmon abundance have raised questions of whether managers should mitigate for losses of salmon MDN subsidies. To test the long‐term importance of salmon subsidies to riparian ecosystems, we measured soil nitrogen cycling in response to a 20‐yr manipulation where salmon carcasses were systematically removed from one bank and deposited on the opposite bank along a 2‐km stream in southwestern Alaska. Soil samples were taken at different distances from the stream bank along nine paired transects and measured for organic and inorganic nitrogen concentrations, and nitrogen transformation rates. Marine‐derived nitrogen was measured using&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N/</span><sup>14</sup><span>N for bulk soils, and&nbsp;</span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; altimg=&quot;urn:x-wiley:21508925:media:ecs22958:ecs22958-math-0001&quot; location=&quot;graphic/ecs22958-math-0001.png&quot;><msubsup><mi mathvariant=&quot;italic&quot;>NH</mi><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"msubsup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mi\">\uD835\uDC41\uD835\uDC3B</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mo\">+</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"mn\">4</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">NH4+</span></span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; altimg=&quot;urn:x-wiley:21508925:media:ecs22958:ecs22958-math-0002&quot; location=&quot;graphic/ecs22958-math-0002.png&quot;><msubsup><mi mathvariant=&quot;italic&quot;>NO</mi><mn>3</mn><mo>&amp;#x2212;</mo></msubsup></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"msubsup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mi\">\uD835\uDC41\uD835\uDC42</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"mo\">−</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-12\" class=\"mn\">3</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">NO3−</span></span><span>&nbsp;soil pools. Stable isotope analyses confirmed&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N/</span><sup>14</sup><span>N was elevated on the salmon‐enhanced bank compared to the salmon‐depleted bank. However,&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N/</span><sup>14</sup><span>N values of plant‐available inorganic nitrogen exceeded the&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N/</span><sup>14</sup><span>N of salmon inputs, highlighting nitrogen isotope fractionation in soils that raises significant methodological issues with standard MDN assessments in riparian systems. Surprisingly, despite 20&nbsp;yr of salmon supplementation, the presence of MDN did not cause a long‐term increase in soil nitrogen availability. This finding indicates the importance of MDN to ecosystem nitrogen biogeochemistry, and riparian vegetation may be overestimated for some systems. Given that essential nutrients can also be pollutants, we urge more critical analyses of the role of MDN to inform compensatory mitigation programs targeting salmon nutrient enhancement.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2958","usgsCitation":"Feddern, M., Holtgrieve, G.W., Perakis, S.S., Hart, J.A., Ro, H., and Quinn, T., 2019, Riparian soil nitrogen cycling and isotopic enrichment in response to a long-term salmon carcass manipulation experiment: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 11, e02958, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2958.","productDescription":"e02958, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-103310","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2958","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":369462,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feddern, Megan","contributorId":220774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feddern","given":"Megan","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holtgrieve, Gordon W. 0000-0002-4451-3567","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-3567","contributorId":213257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holtgrieve","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314 sperakis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":145528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven","email":"sperakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hart, Julia A. 0000-0002-0183-8070","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0183-8070","contributorId":181733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hart","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ro, Hyejoo","contributorId":220775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ro","given":"Hyejoo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Quinn, Tom","contributorId":220776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70207168,"text":"70207168 - 2019 - A rapid assessment method for ground layer coastal vegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T07:43:51","indexId":"70207168","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T07:42:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2219,"text":"Journal of Coastal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A rapid assessment method for ground layer coastal vegetation","docAbstract":"We aim to test a rapid ecological assessment method to monitor regenerating coastal vegetation without sacrificing accuracy. We estimated species frequency in vegetation plots using traditional point intercept methods. We also tested a rapid, digital method to take high-resolution digital photographs of plots. We navigated among plot locations using a sub-meter Differential Global Positioning System instead of using permanent plot markers, and analyzed plot photographs in a point intercept manner (i.e., grid) in Geographic Information Systems software. We assessed species frequency in 52 permanent plots using traditional and digital methods. Traditional methods required 39.2 min per plot and digital methods required 4.6 min per plot. Estimates of frequency from traditional methods were substantially higher than those from digital methods for permanent plots, so we used an independent assessment of vegetation coverage to calibrate the utility of digital methods. A logistic regression equation can be used to compare historical traditional estimates to those collected digitally. Digital point intercept methods were successfully used for rapid ecological assessment. The primary advantages of digital methods include overwhelming efficiency compared to traditional methods, a resultant increase in sample size, and the ability to recover more accurate estimates of species frequency. Disadvantages of digital methods include a restriction of use for ground layer vegetation and positional inaccuracies introduced through sub-meter navigation. While traditional methods are less accurate in estimating species frequency, they are ideal for capturing accurate temporal trends in vegetation growth since they rely upon the use of permanent plot markers.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11852-019-00712-z","usgsCitation":"Kilheffer, C.R., Raphael, J., Ries, L., and Underwood, H.B., 2019, A rapid assessment method for ground layer coastal vegetation: Journal of Coastal Conservation, v. 23, no. 6, p. 1047-1055, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-019-00712-z.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1047","endPage":"1055","ipdsId":"IP-091552","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370141,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kilheffer, Chellby R.","contributorId":177173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kilheffer","given":"Chellby","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raphael, Jordan","contributorId":218631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raphael","given":"Jordan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39877,"text":"National Park Service, Fire Island National Seashore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ries, Lindsay","contributorId":218632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ries","given":"Lindsay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39877,"text":"National Park Service, Fire Island National Seashore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Underwood, H. Brian 0000-0002-2064-9128 hbunderw@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2064-9128","contributorId":140185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Underwood","given":"H.","email":"hbunderw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70207991,"text":"70207991 - 2019 - Accumulating evidence in ecology: Once is not enough","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-23T06:32:34","indexId":"70207991","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-21T06:31:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accumulating evidence in ecology: Once is not enough","docAbstract":"Many published studies in ecological science are viewed as stand-alone investigations that purport to provide new insights into how ecological systems behave based on single analyses. But it is rare for results of single studies to provide definitive results, as evidenced in current discussions of the “reproducibility crisis” in science. The key step in science is the comparison of hypothesis-based predictions with observations, where the predictions are typically generated by hypothesis-specific models. Repeating this step allows us to gain confidence in the predictive ability of a model, and its corresponding hypothesis, and thus to accumulate evidence and eventually knowledge. This accumulation may occur via an ad hoc approach, via meta-analyses, or via a more systematic approach based on the anticipated evolution of an information state. We argue the merits of this latter approach, provide an example, and discuss implications for designing sequences of studies focused on a particular question. We conclude by discussing current data collection programs that are pre-adapted to use this approach and argue that expanded use would increase the rate of learning in ecology, as well as our confidence in what is learned.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.5836","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J.D., Kendall, W., and Boomer, G., 2019, Accumulating evidence in ecology: Once is not enough: Ecology and Evolution, v. 9, no. 24, p. 13991-14004, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5836.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"13991","endPage":"14004","ipdsId":"IP-108580","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5836","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":200533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, William 0000-0002-7632-3000","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-3000","contributorId":221720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boomer, G.Scott","contributorId":221721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boomer","given":"G.Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70215274,"text":"70215274 - 2019 - Creating figures in R that meet the AFS style guide: Standardization and supporting script","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-14T23:00:00.667232","indexId":"70215274","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-20T17:59:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5686,"text":"Fisheries Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Creating figures in R that meet the AFS style guide: Standardization and supporting script","docAbstract":"<p><span>Visual display of information in scientific and non‐scientific literature is the most efficient way to summarize large amounts data, focus the readers’ attention on patterns, and substantiate the message in the narrative. Figures often represent years of data collection and substantial monetary investment, and it is worth repeating the cliché “a [figure] is worth a thousand words.” Well‐designed figures are usually simple, yet their ability to relate complex information through simplicity makes them powerful (Tufte&nbsp;</span><span><a id=\"fsh10272-bib-0013R\" class=\"bibLink tab-link\" href=\"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsh.10272#fsh10272-bib-0013\" data-tab=\"pane-pcw-references\" data-mce-href=\"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsh.10272#fsh10272-bib-0013\">2001</a></span><span>). Figures are often the focal point of articles when scientists, science communicators, and policy makers are quickly searching for scientific information. Scientists in academia ranked figures and tables as the most important component of research articles (Hubbard and Dunbar&nbsp;</span><span><a id=\"fsh10272-bib-0005R\" class=\"bibLink tab-link\" href=\"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsh.10272#fsh10272-bib-0005\" data-tab=\"pane-pcw-references\" data-mce-href=\"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsh.10272#fsh10272-bib-0005\">2017</a></span><span>); moreover, figures quickly become the focus when discussing articles among colleagues or in a classroom setting. If created effectively in combination with a well‐articulated figure caption, figures convey complex information readily for the reader to make a conclusion about results without reading details presented in the narrative. This is especially important as the quantity of research articles continues to increase exponentially in the 21st century, as does the number of journals with specific figure guidelines (Jinha&nbsp;</span><span><a id=\"fsh10272-bib-0006R\" class=\"bibLink tab-link\" href=\"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsh.10272#fsh10272-bib-0006\" data-tab=\"pane-pcw-references\" data-mce-href=\"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsh.10272#fsh10272-bib-0006\">2010</a></span><span>).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10272","usgsCitation":"Glassic, H., Heim, K.C., and Guy, C.S., 2019, Creating figures in R that meet the AFS style guide: Standardization and supporting script: Fisheries Magazine, v. 44, no. 11, p. 539-544, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10272.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"544","ipdsId":"IP-099496","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glassic, Hayley C.","contributorId":243051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glassic","given":"Hayley C.","affiliations":[{"id":36244,"text":"MSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heim, Kurt C.","contributorId":138832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heim","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guy, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9936-4781 cguy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-4781","contributorId":2876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Christopher","email":"cguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70206536,"text":"ofr20191129 - 2019 - Peak streamflow and stages at selected streamgages on the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas, May to June 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-21T12:57:42","indexId":"ofr20191129","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-20T16:32:35","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-1129","displayTitle":"Peak Streamflow and Stages at Selected Streamgages on the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas, May to June 2019","title":"Peak streamflow and stages at selected streamgages on the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas, May to June 2019","docAbstract":"<p>As much as 22 inches of rain fell in Oklahoma in May 2019, resulting in historic flooding along the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas. The flooding along the Arkansas River and its tributaries that began in May continued into June 2019. Peaks of record were measured at 12 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages on various streams in eastern and northeastern Oklahoma. This report documents the peak streamflows and stages for seven selected streamgages along the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas. Most of the flood peaks occurred from May 26 to June 4, 2019. The historic flooding caused homes to fall into the river as a result of bank erosion, forced some towns to be evacuated, and resulted in the highest flood depths in Tulsa, Oklahoma, since 1986. Along the Arkansas River, peak streamflows were recorded at six of the seven selected USGS streamgages, with the seventh streamgage on the Arkansas River having the second highest peak of record at that site since regulation began.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191129","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Lewis, J.M., and Trevisan, A.R., 2019, Peak streamflow and stages at selected streamgages on the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas, May to June 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1129, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191129.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-112483","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369335,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1129/ofr20191129.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.04 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019–1129"},{"id":369334,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1129/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-94.042964,33.019219],[-94.043428,33.551425],[-94.061896,33.549764],[-94.073826,33.555834],[-94.067985,33.560961],[-94.056442,33.560998],[-94.056096,33.567252],[-94.066846,33.568909],[-94.069517,33.574162],[-94.09744,33.573719],[-94.119902,33.566999],[-94.122879,33.553112],[-94.126898,33.550647],[-94.131382,33.552934],[-94.136046,33.571388],[-94.143402,33.565505],[-94.151456,33.568387],[-94.14216,33.58139],[-94.156782,33.575749],[-94.161277,33.579271],[-94.161082,33.587972],[-94.183913,33.594682],[-94.194465,33.582886],[-94.217198,33.580737],[-94.211329,33.573774],[-94.201106,33.575851],[-94.192483,33.570425],[-94.189884,33.562454],[-94.196395,33.555123],[-94.203594,33.566546],[-94.208078,33.566911],[-94.226392,33.552912],[-94.250197,33.556765],[-94.251108,33.56528],[-94.236836,33.580914],[-94.236363,33.585992],[-94.242777,33.589709],[-94.257801,33.582508],[-94.27909,33.557026],[-94.290901,33.558872],[-94.290372,33.567905],[-94.280605,33.574908],[-94.287025,33.58241],[-94.301023,33.573022],[-94.309582,33.551673],[-94.319492,33.548864],[-94.33059,33.552692],[-94.33438,33.562536],[-94.344023,33.567824],[-94.352433,33.562172],[-94.34729,33.552197],[-94.355945,33.54318],[-94.386086,33.544923],[-94.399227,33.559903],[-94.380091,33.568943],[-94.378076,33.577019],[-94.382887,33.583268],[-94.403342,33.568424],[-94.412175,33.568691],[-94.430039,33.591124],[-94.439518,33.594154],[-94.451622,33.591361],[-94.458232,33.59827],[-94.471152,33.601588],[-94.469451,33.607316],[-94.452961,33.616986],[-94.452711,33.622621],[-94.460286,33.624421],[-94.462736,33.63091],[-94.448451,33.634497],[-94.448637,33.642766],[-94.459198,33.645146],[-94.464186,33.637655],[-94.485875,33.637867],[-94.491503,33.625115],[-94.520725,33.616567],[-94.528928,33.62184],[-94.529221,33.634437],[-94.533322,33.63766],[-94.552658,33.638246],[-94.552072,33.65348],[-94.572286,33.656995],[-94.569943,33.66637],[-94.57962,33.677623],[-94.586641,33.678968],[-94.603047,33.671351],[-94.621211,33.681018],[-94.64289,33.668421],[-94.648457,33.673401],[-94.652265,33.690979],[-94.684792,33.684353],[-94.707858,33.686876],[-94.711043,33.705669],[-94.719006,33.708217],[-94.732384,33.700254],[-94.737161,33.704713],[-94.742576,33.727009],[-94.759139,33.729557],[-94.767739,33.73752],[-94.768057,33.753446],[-94.775064,33.755038],[-94.798634,33.744527],[-94.817427,33.752172],[-94.824753,33.749305],[-94.830804,33.740068],[-94.849296,33.739585],[-94.8693,33.745871],[-94.87708,33.75222],[-94.879218,33.764912],[-94.886226,33.764594],[-94.919614,33.786305],[-94.917815,33.808704],[-94.924518,33.812792],[-94.944302,33.812138],[-94.949533,33.825708],[-94.964401,33.837021],[-94.968895,33.860916],[-94.988487,33.851],[-95.008376,33.866089],[-95.022325,33.859813],[-95.046568,33.862565],[-95.065492,33.899585],[-95.07126,33.901597],[-95.090441,33.89328],[-95.10077,33.912193],[-95.122365,33.918632],[-95.121184,33.931307],[-95.1247,33.934675],[-95.161109,33.937598],[-95.184075,33.950353],[-95.219358,33.961567],[-95.230491,33.960764],[-95.252906,33.933648],[-95.253095,33.905444],[-95.26385,33.899256],[-95.277846,33.900877],[-95.283445,33.877746],[-95.287865,33.874946],[-95.333452,33.886286],[-95.339122,33.868873],[-95.44737,33.86885],[-95.463346,33.872313],[-95.46291,33.885903],[-95.492028,33.874822],[-95.502304,33.874742],[-95.506085,33.87639],[-95.506234,33.886306],[-95.515302,33.891142],[-95.533283,33.881162],[-95.545197,33.880294],[-95.552085,33.888422],[-95.549145,33.90795],[-95.559414,33.930179],[-95.599678,33.934247],[-95.603657,33.927195],[-95.636978,33.906613],[-95.665338,33.908132],[-95.684831,33.890232],[-95.696962,33.885218],[-95.71354,33.885124],[-95.737508,33.895967],[-95.756367,33.892625],[-95.762559,33.874367],[-95.753513,33.856464],[-95.758016,33.85008],[-95.772067,33.843817],[-95.787891,33.856336],[-95.805149,33.861304],[-95.820596,33.858465],[-95.820784,33.840564],[-95.837516,33.83564],[-95.859469,33.852456],[-95.935198,33.887101],[-95.936631,33.870615],[-95.944284,33.859811],[-95.972156,33.856371],[-95.991487,33.866869],[-95.996748,33.864403],[-95.997709,33.852182],[-96.019599,33.840566],[-96.0219,33.849114],[-96.029463,33.852402],[-96.037191,33.841245],[-96.048834,33.836468],[-96.100095,33.847971],[-96.09936,33.83047],[-96.122951,33.839964],[-96.14807,33.837799],[-96.15163,33.831946],[-96.150765,33.816987],[-96.17589,33.814627],[-96.178964,33.810553],[-96.17515,33.801951],[-96.162123,33.79614],[-96.169452,33.770131],[-96.178059,33.760518],[-96.220521,33.74739],[-96.229023,33.748021],[-96.269896,33.768405],[-96.292482,33.766419],[-96.303009,33.750878],[-96.307035,33.719987],[-96.316925,33.698997],[-96.348306,33.686379],[-96.362198,33.691818],[-96.36959,33.716809],[-96.408469,33.751192],[-96.422643,33.776041],[-96.448045,33.781031],[-96.459154,33.775232],[-96.500268,33.772583],[-96.515912,33.787795],[-96.516584,33.803168],[-96.526655,33.820891],[-96.572937,33.819098],[-96.62929,33.845488],[-96.629747,33.850866],[-96.61197,33.869016],[-96.590112,33.880665],[-96.58536,33.888948],[-96.587934,33.894784],[-96.628294,33.894477],[-96.659896,33.916666],[-96.667187,33.91694],[-96.680947,33.896204],[-96.684727,33.862905],[-96.699574,33.839049],[-96.712422,33.831633],[-96.761588,33.824406],[-96.770676,33.829621],[-96.783485,33.863534],[-96.794276,33.868886],[-96.832157,33.874835],[-96.839778,33.868396],[-96.841592,33.852894],[-96.850593,33.847211],[-96.875281,33.860505],[-96.88301,33.868019],[-96.895728,33.896414],[-96.902434,33.942018],[-96.9163,33.957798],[-96.932252,33.955688],[-96.972542,33.935795],[-96.979818,33.941588],[-96.979347,33.95513],[-96.987892,33.954671],[-96.996183,33.941728],[-96.984939,33.904866],[-96.985567,33.886522],[-97.023899,33.844213],[-97.041245,33.837761],[-97.055416,33.841202],[-97.058623,33.818752],[-97.092112,33.804097],[-97.095236,33.794136],[-97.085218,33.765512],[-97.086195,33.743933],[-97.104525,33.722608],[-97.126102,33.716941],[-97.155066,33.724442],[-97.172192,33.737545],[-97.190397,33.781153],[-97.205431,33.801488],[-97.204995,33.81887],[-97.1997,33.827322],[-97.171627,33.835335],[-97.166629,33.847311],[-97.180845,33.895204],[-97.210921,33.916064],[-97.226522,33.914642],[-97.244946,33.903092],[-97.249209,33.875101],[-97.256625,33.863286],[-97.279108,33.864555],[-97.299245,33.880175],[-97.30749,33.878204],[-97.318243,33.865121],[-97.33294,33.87444],[-97.348338,33.843876],[-97.368744,33.821471],[-97.426493,33.819398],[-97.453057,33.828536],[-97.462857,33.841772],[-97.451469,33.87093],[-97.450954,33.891398],[-97.460376,33.903948],[-97.486505,33.916994],[-97.50096,33.919643],[-97.551541,33.897947],[-97.587441,33.902479],[-97.597115,33.917868],[-97.591514,33.9282],[-97.588828,33.951882],[-97.633778,33.981257],[-97.671772,33.99137],[-97.69311,33.983699],[-97.709684,33.954997],[-97.725289,33.941045],[-97.732267,33.936691],[-97.762768,33.934396],[-97.759399,33.91882],[-97.76377,33.914241],[-97.783717,33.91056],[-97.779683,33.899243],[-97.784657,33.890632],[-97.801578,33.885138],[-97.805423,33.877167],[-97.834333,33.857671],[-97.871447,33.849001],[-97.936743,33.879204],[-97.967777,33.88243],[-97.98454,33.900703],[-97.979985,33.911402],[-97.969873,33.905999],[-97.957155,33.914454],[-97.953395,33.936445],[-97.971175,33.937129],[-97.974173,33.942832],[-97.960351,33.951928],[-97.94595,33.988396],[-97.958325,33.990846],[-97.974173,34.006716],[-97.987388,33.999823],[-98.027672,33.993357],[-98.055197,33.995841],[-98.088203,34.005481],[-98.105482,34.031307],[-98.096177,34.044625],[-98.120208,34.072127],[-98.119417,34.084474],[-98.099328,34.104295],[-98.089755,34.128211],[-98.109462,34.154111],[-98.123377,34.15454],[-98.130816,34.150532],[-98.154354,34.122734],[-98.16912,34.114171],[-98.203711,34.117676],[-98.241013,34.133103],[-98.256467,34.129481],[-98.293901,34.13302],[-98.325445,34.151025],[-98.364023,34.157109],[-98.381238,34.149454],[-98.398441,34.128456],[-98.399777,34.099973],[-98.414426,34.085074],[-98.440092,34.084311],[-98.449034,34.073462],[-98.486328,34.062598],[-98.504182,34.072371],[-98.5282,34.094961],[-98.572451,34.145091],[-98.599789,34.160571],[-98.616733,34.156418],[-98.648073,34.164441],[-98.690072,34.133155],[-98.734287,34.135758],[-98.741966,34.12553],[-98.757037,34.124633],[-98.76557,34.136376],[-98.792015,34.143736],[-98.812954,34.158444],[-98.855585,34.161621],[-98.860125,34.149913],[-98.868116,34.149635],[-98.874872,34.155657],[-98.872922,34.166584],[-98.918333,34.181831],[-98.950396,34.21168],[-98.958475,34.213855],[-98.966302,34.201323],[-98.974132,34.203566],[-98.987294,34.221223],[-99.000761,34.217643],[-99.002916,34.208782],[-99.013075,34.203222],[-99.036273,34.206912],[-99.043471,34.198208],[-99.058084,34.200569],[-99.066465,34.208404],[-99.079535,34.211518],[-99.108758,34.203401],[-99.126567,34.203004],[-99.131885,34.207382],[-99.127525,34.213771],[-99.130609,34.219408],[-99.159016,34.20888],[-99.189511,34.214312],[-99.190146,34.22966],[-99.197153,34.244298],[-99.195605,34.280839],[-99.207561,34.283505],[-99.211648,34.292232],[-99.213476,34.310672],[-99.209724,34.324935],[-99.213135,34.340369],[-99.232606,34.34238],[-99.242945,34.372668],[-99.248969,34.375984],[-99.258696,34.372634],[-99.274926,34.384904],[-99.25898,34.391243],[-99.261321,34.403499],[-99.294648,34.415373],[-99.319606,34.408869],[-99.334037,34.427536],[-99.356713,34.442144],[-99.354837,34.449658],[-99.358795,34.455863],[-99.381011,34.456936],[-99.394956,34.442099],[-99.396902,34.418688],[-99.391492,34.405631],[-99.397253,34.377871],[-99.40296,34.373481],[-99.420432,34.380464],[-99.430995,34.373414],[-99.44076,34.374123],[-99.452648,34.388252],[-99.470969,34.396471],[-99.487219,34.397955],[-99.499875,34.409608],[-99.51428,34.414035],[-99.549242,34.412715],[-99.569696,34.418418],[-99.58006,34.416653],[-99.585442,34.388914],[-99.600026,34.374688],[-99.624197,34.373577],[-99.649662,34.379885],[-99.662705,34.37368],[-99.696462,34.381036],[-99.712682,34.390928],[-99.720259,34.406295],[-99.767234,34.430502],[-99.764882,34.435266],[-99.775743,34.444225],[-99.782986,34.444364],[-99.814313,34.476204],[-99.825325,34.497596],[-99.853066,34.511593],[-99.887147,34.549047],[-99.915771,34.565975],[-99.923211,34.574552],[-99.954567,34.578195],[-99.971555,34.562179],[-100.000381,34.560509],[-100.000406,36.499702],[-103.002434,36.500397],[-103.002199,37.000104],[-102.75986,37.000019],[-102.698142,36.995149],[-102.04224,36.993083],[-100.115722,37.002206],[-98.219499,36.997824],[-94.61808,36.998135],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-90.152481,36.497952],[-90.159305,36.492446],[-90.155997,36.490385],[-90.15946,36.481343],[-90.142269,36.472138],[-90.152888,36.47093],[-90.155804,36.463555],[-90.14153,36.462993],[-90.137323,36.455411],[-90.133993,36.437906],[-90.144139,36.425806],[-90.13559,36.422897],[-90.138653,36.414547],[-90.131038,36.415069],[-90.109495,36.404073],[-90.080426,36.400763],[-90.064514,36.382085],[-90.066297,36.3593],[-90.077723,36.349484],[-90.075884,36.335184],[-90.081961,36.322097],[-90.069266,36.313152],[-90.06398,36.303038],[-90.0778,36.288349],[-90.075934,36.281485],[-90.083731,36.272332],[-90.112945,36.266557],[-90.124476,36.244198],[-90.129716,36.243235],[-90.12466,36.235549],[-90.126366,36.229367],[-90.14224,36.227522],[-90.15614,36.213706],[-90.188189,36.20536],[-90.21128,36.183392],[-90.220425,36.184764],[-90.23537,36.159153],[-90.231386,36.147348],[-90.235585,36.139474],[-90.266256,36.120559],[-90.293109,36.114368],[-90.29991,36.098236],[-90.319168,36.089976],[-90.320746,36.071326],[-90.333261,36.067504],[-90.337146,36.047754],[-90.347908,36.041939],[-90.351732,36.025347],[-90.37789,35.995683],[-89.733095,36.000608],[-89.719168,35.985976],[-89.719679,35.970939],[-89.714565,35.963034],[-89.652279,35.921462],[-89.644838,35.904351],[-89.64727,35.89492],[-89.665672,35.883301],[-89.677012,35.88572],[-89.688141,35.896946],[-89.714934,35.906247],[-89.741241,35.906749],[-89.768743,35.886663],[-89.773564,35.871697],[-89.769413,35.861558],[-89.704351,35.835726],[-89.701045,35.828227],[-89.706085,35.81826],[-89.734044,35.806174],[-89.765442,35.811214],[-89.781793,35.805084],[-89.799331,35.788503],[-89.799249,35.775439],[-89.821216,35.756716],[-89.846343,35.755732],[-89.877256,35.741369],[-89.909996,35.759396],[-89.956254,35.733386],[-89.958882,35.723834],[-89.955753,35.690621],[-89.931036,35.660044],[-89.915427,35.652782],[-89.898916,35.650904],[-89.886979,35.653637],[-89.878534,35.66482],[-89.864782,35.670385],[-89.858935,35.66906],[-89.851176,35.657432],[-89.856619,35.634444],[-89.894346,35.615535],[-89.910687,35.617536],[-89.945405,35.601611],[-89.956749,35.590511],[-89.95669,35.581426],[-89.941393,35.556555],[-89.910789,35.547515],[-89.910885,35.541072],[-89.903882,35.534175],[-89.911931,35.51741],[-89.919331,35.51387],[-89.951248,35.521866],[-89.956347,35.525594],[-89.958498,35.541703],[-89.989363,35.560043],[-90.02862,35.555249],[-90.039744,35.548041],[-90.050277,35.515275],[-90.043517,35.492298],[-90.018842,35.464816],[-90.031584,35.427662],[-90.04264,35.421237],[-90.056644,35.403786],[-90.041563,35.39662],[-90.044856,35.392964],[-90.054451,35.38965],[-90.069283,35.408306],[-90.062018,35.41518],[-90.070549,35.423291],[-90.074082,35.433983],[-90.067138,35.464833],[-90.085009,35.478835],[-90.107723,35.476935],[-90.114412,35.472467],[-90.129448,35.441931],[-90.169002,35.421853],[-90.179265,35.385194],[-90.166246,35.374745],[-90.13551,35.376668],[-90.146191,35.399468],[-90.14166,35.408563],[-90.130475,35.413745],[-90.112504,35.410153],[-90.09665,35.395257],[-90.074992,35.384152],[-90.087903,35.36327],[-90.110293,35.342786],[-90.103862,35.332405],[-90.109093,35.304987],[-90.139504,35.298828],[-90.149794,35.303288],[-90.158913,35.300637],[-90.168794,35.279088],[-90.152094,35.255989],[-90.140394,35.252289],[-90.105093,35.254288],[-90.07875,35.227806],[-90.074155,35.21707],[-90.07682,35.208817],[-90.088597,35.212376],[-90.096466,35.194848],[-90.116182,35.198498],[-90.117393,35.18789],[-90.092944,35.157228],[-90.066958,35.151839],[-90.065392,35.137691],[-90.08342,35.12167],[-90.100593,35.116691],[-90.142794,35.135091],[-90.165328,35.125228],[-90.176843,35.112088],[-90.181387,35.091401],[-90.195133,35.061793],[-90.196095,35.0374],[-90.209397,35.026546],[-90.256495,35.034493],[-90.263796,35.039593],[-90.295596,35.040093],[-90.309877,35.00975],[-90.309297,34.995694],[-90.296422,34.976346],[-90.250056,34.951196],[-90.244476,34.937596],[-90.244725,34.921031],[-90.250095,34.90732],[-90.313476,34.871698],[-90.302523,34.856471],[-90.307384,34.846195],[-90.323067,34.846391],[-90.34038,34.860357],[-90.414864,34.831846],[-90.422355,34.833675],[-90.428754,34.8414],[-90.430096,34.871212],[-90.438313,34.884581],[-90.459819,34.891946],[-90.479872,34.883264],[-90.483969,34.877176],[-90.483876,34.861333],[-90.456935,34.823383],[-90.459024,34.81444],[-90.470544,34.805036],[-90.47459,34.7932],[-90.453038,34.753352],[-90.452479,34.739898],[-90.469897,34.72703],[-90.488865,34.723731],[-90.501667,34.724236],[-90.518317,34.73279],[-90.520556,34.753388],[-90.505494,34.764568],[-90.501523,34.774795],[-90.514706,34.801768],[-90.522892,34.802265],[-90.53651,34.798572],[-90.544067,34.791159],[-90.54817,34.78189],[-90.542631,34.764396],[-90.543811,34.749277],[-90.563544,34.738671],[-90.568081,34.724802],[-90.538974,34.698783],[-90.471185,34.699066],[-90.462552,34.687576],[-90.466041,34.674312],[-90.5081,34.636682],[-90.532188,34.627487],[-90.547614,34.631656],[-90.554129,34.640871],[-90.552642,34.659707],[-90.538061,34.673232],[-90.540074,34.684981],[-90.549856,34.695478],[-90.555627,34.697946],[-90.567334,34.693371],[-90.588419,34.670963],[-90.583088,34.64361],[-90.587224,34.615732],[-90.570133,34.587457],[-90.545891,34.563257],[-90.540736,34.548085],[-90.545728,34.53775],[-90.578493,34.516296],[-90.588942,34.491097],[-90.585477,34.461247],[-90.56733,34.440383],[-90.566505,34.429528],[-90.571145,34.420319],[-90.613944,34.390723],[-90.658542,34.375705],[-90.655346,34.371846],[-90.666788,34.35582],[-90.666862,34.348569],[-90.657488,34.322231],[-90.661395,34.315398],[-90.669343,34.31302],[-90.686003,34.315771],[-90.693129,34.32257],[-90.691551,34.338618],[-90.68162,34.35291],[-90.683222,34.368817],[-90.712088,34.363805],[-90.750107,34.367919],[-90.765764,34.362109],[-90.767732,34.346872],[-90.744713,34.324872],[-90.74061,34.313469],[-90.743082,34.302257],[-90.765165,34.280524],[-90.802928,34.282465],[-90.828267,34.27365],[-90.836972,34.250104],[-90.840009,34.223077],[-90.847808,34.20653],[-90.87912,34.21545],[-90.89456,34.22438],[-90.905934,34.243529],[-90.929015,34.244541],[-90.937152,34.23411],[-90.93522,34.21905],[-90.916048,34.196916],[-90.887884,34.18198],[-90.8556,34.18688],[-90.816572,34.183023],[-90.808685,34.175878],[-90.810884,34.155903],[-90.825708,34.142011],[-90.847168,34.136884],[-90.86458,34.140555],[-90.894385,34.160953],[-90.91001,34.165508],[-90.9543,34.138498],[-90.958467,34.125105],[-90.946323,34.109374],[-90.918395,34.093054],[-90.882628,34.096615],[-90.870461,34.082739],[-90.887837,34.055403],[-90.886991,34.035094],[-90.89242,34.02686],[-90.942662,34.01805],[-90.970726,34.02162],[-90.987948,34.019038],[-90.979945,34.000106],[-90.961548,33.979945],[-90.967632,33.963324],[-90.983359,33.960186],[-91.000108,33.966428],[-91.01889,34.003151],[-91.042751,33.986811],[-91.075378,33.983586],[-91.087921,33.975335],[-91.089787,33.966004],[-91.084095,33.956179],[-91.035961,33.943758],[-91.010318,33.929352],[-91.026382,33.90798],[-91.070883,33.866714],[-91.073011,33.857449],[-91.067511,33.840443],[-91.046849,33.815365],[-91.000107,33.799549],[-90.988466,33.78453],[-91.000106,33.769165],[-91.023285,33.762991],[-91.053886,33.778701],[-91.107318,33.770619],[-91.123466,33.782106],[-91.132185,33.78342],[-91.145112,33.76734],[-91.141304,33.760835],[-91.146618,33.732456],[-91.132338,33.714246],[-91.117733,33.705342],[-91.101101,33.705007],[-91.06829,33.716477],[-91.059891,33.714816],[-91.046778,33.706313],[-91.03612,33.689113],[-91.030402,33.687766],[-91.03146,33.678142],[-91.03684,33.671316],[-91.046412,33.668272],[-91.078507,33.658283],[-91.09404,33.658351],[-91.13045,33.674522],[-91.160866,33.707096],[-91.212077,33.698249],[-91.225279,33.687749],[-91.229015,33.677543],[-91.219048,33.661503],[-91.178311,33.651109],[-91.139209,33.625658],[-91.130445,33.606034],[-91.134043,33.594489],[-91.152148,33.582721],[-91.175979,33.582968],[-91.198285,33.572061],[-91.224121,33.567369],[-91.230858,33.561372],[-91.232295,33.552788],[-91.219297,33.532364],[-91.187367,33.510552],[-91.182901,33.502379],[-91.208535,33.468606],[-91.231661,33.4571],[-91.235928,33.440611],[-91.206807,33.433846],[-91.177293,33.443638],[-91.16936,33.452629],[-91.177148,33.48617],[-91.172213,33.496691],[-91.167403,33.498304],[-91.125109,33.472842],[-91.117975,33.453807],[-91.131885,33.430063],[-91.17628,33.416979],[-91.199354,33.418321],[-91.209032,33.403633],[-91.171968,33.38103],[-91.140938,33.380477],[-91.113764,33.393124],[-91.099277,33.408244],[-91.095211,33.417488],[-91.096723,33.437603],[-91.086498,33.451576],[-91.067623,33.455104],[-91.057621,33.445341],[-91.058152,33.428705],[-91.075293,33.405966],[-91.101456,33.38719],[-91.120409,33.363809],[-91.142219,33.348989],[-91.141615,33.299539],[-91.125539,33.280255],[-91.128078,33.268502],[-91.118208,33.262071],[-91.106142,33.241799],[-91.1001,33.238125],[-91.096931,33.241628],[-91.086137,33.273652],[-91.07853,33.283306],[-91.067035,33.28718],[-91.052369,33.285415],[-91.043624,33.274636],[-91.050407,33.251202],[-91.070697,33.227302],[-91.091711,33.220813],[-91.084366,33.180856],[-91.089862,33.139655],[-91.104317,33.131598],[-91.131659,33.129101],[-91.150362,33.130695],[-91.160298,33.141216],[-91.183662,33.141691],[-91.193174,33.136734],[-91.20178,33.125121],[-91.200167,33.10693],[-91.180836,33.098364],[-91.171514,33.087818],[-91.149823,33.081603],[-91.121195,33.059166],[-91.129088,33.033554],[-91.162363,33.019684],[-91.166073,33.004106],[-93.073167,33.017898],[-94.042964,33.019219]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arkansas\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","contact":"<p>Director, <a data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ok-water/\" href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ok-water/\">Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1505 Ferguson Lane<br>Austin, Texas 78754–4501<br></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>General Weather Conditions and Rainfall During May 2019</li><li>Methods</li><li>Peak Streamflows and Stages</li><li>Flood Exceedance Probabilities of Peak Streamflows</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2019-11-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Jason M. 0000-0001-5337-1890 jmlewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1890","contributorId":3854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jason","email":"jmlewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trevisan, A.R. 0000-0002-7295-145X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7295-145X","contributorId":220399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trevisan","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70207193,"text":"70207193 - 2019 - Using component ratios to detect metadata and instrument problems of seismic stations: Examples from 18 years of GEOSCOPE data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-08T14:22:39","indexId":"70207193","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-20T14:53:24","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using component ratios to detect metadata and instrument problems of seismic stations: Examples from 18 years of GEOSCOPE data","docAbstract":"Replacement or deterioration of seismic instruments and the evolution of the installation conditions and sites can alter the seismic signal in very subtle ways, so it is notoriously difficult to monitor the signal quality of permanent seismic stations. We present a simple tool, energy ratios between each pair of the three recorded components, aimed at characterizing and monitoring signal quality, as a complement to existing methods. To calculate stable daily energy ratios over a large frequency range (0.01 Hz – 5 Hz), we use the daily median energy ratio over all 5-minute windows within the day. The method is applied to all GEOSCOPE stations, for continuous BH channel data collected since 2001. We show applications to identify past gain problems (stations ROCAM and CRZF), to provide feedback after field interventions at remote sites (Antarctic station DRV), and to shed light on complex instrument problems (stations ECH and KIP). Our results show that component energy ratios have excellent time resolution and that they are visually simple for identification of problems. They can be used both for ongoing continuous monitoring of the signal quality, or as a tool to identify past problems. The associated python codes are available on GitHub.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220190180","usgsCitation":"Pedersen, H.A., Leroy, N., Zigone, D., Vallee, M., Ringler, A.T., and Wilson, D.C., 2019, Using component ratios to detect metadata and instrument problems of seismic stations: Examples from 18 years of GEOSCOPE data: Seismological Research Letters, v. 91, no. 1, p. 272-286, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220190180.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"286","ipdsId":"IP-112065","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pedersen, Helle A.","contributorId":221155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pedersen","given":"Helle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":40340,"text":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre, 38000 Grenoble, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leroy, Nicolas","contributorId":221156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leroy","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40341,"text":"Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zigone, Dimitri","contributorId":221157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zigone","given":"Dimitri","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40342,"text":"Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR 7516, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, Strasbourg, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vallee, Martin","contributorId":221158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vallee","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40341,"text":"Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":145576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wilson, David C. 0000-0003-2582-5159 dwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-5159","contributorId":145580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"David","email":"dwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70205819,"text":"ofr20191109 - 2019 - Chronic wasting disease—Research by the U.S. Geological Survey and partners","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T00:28:22.935686","indexId":"ofr20191109","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-20T13:35:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-1109","displayTitle":"Chronic Wasting Disease—Research by the U.S. Geological Survey and Partners","title":"Chronic wasting disease—Research by the U.S. Geological Survey and partners","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is the only transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, a class of invariably fatal neurodegenerative mammalian diseases associated with a misfolded cellular prion protein found in wild free-ranging animals. Because it has a long incubation period, affected animals in Cervidae (the deer family; referred to as “cervids”) may not show signs of disease for several years. While signs are not specific to CWD, affected cervids (deer, elk, moose, and reindeer) show changes in appearance (such as progressive weight loss) and changes in behavior such as stumbling, tremors, and teeth grinding. CWD can be transmitted by direct contact or through a contaminated environment. The causative prion agent is highly resistant to degradation.</p><p>In recent decades, CWD has transitioned from a novel, obscure prion disease of cervids with limited geographical distribution, to a disease that poses substantial ecological, agricultural, and economic risks across large regions of North America. Since its discovery in free-ranging elk and deer populations in the western United States in the 1980s, CWD has been reported in captive or free-ranging cervid populations in 26 States, 3 Canadian Provinces, the Republic of South Korea, Finland, Sweden, and Norway. In addition, the proportion of CWD-infected animals is increasing in many areas where the disease is already established. In some heavily affected areas, total cervid numbers have decreased over time due to CWD, which suggests that these cervid populations may not be sustainable in the long-term.</p><p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts wildlife disease surveillance and research to support management of CWD-affected species and their habitats. The scientific information is relevant to governmental agencies that manage wildlife and their habitats including the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Park Service, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and other Federal, State, and Tribal agencies as well as conservation partners (non-governmental organizations, businesses, and private landowners). Each project description in this report (1–30) includes the non-USGS collaborators (Federal, State, Tribal agencies, universities) and a USGS point of contact (principal investigator). If there are USGS publications associated with the project, a publication list is provided at the end of each project description.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191109","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, M.C., Carlson, C.M., Cross, P.C., Johnson, C.J., Richards, B.J., Russell, R.E., Samuel, M.D., Sargeant, G.A., Walsh, D.P., and Walter, W.D., 2019, Chronic wasting disease—Research by the U.S. Geological Survey and partners (ver. 2.0, November 2019): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1109, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191109.","productDescription":"viii, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-074357","costCenters":[{"id":189,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382939,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://usgs.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=a8a1a7a97aaa4aa7b50499a755eb854d","text":"Geonarrative: Chronic Wasting Disease Research by the U.S. Geological Survey & Partners"},{"id":369205,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1109/ofr20191109.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.05 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019-1109"},{"id":368674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1109/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":369204,"rank":2,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1109/versionhist.txt","size":"4.32 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, California, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Saskatchewan, South Dakota, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.62890625,\n              48.45835188280866\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.67285156250001,\n              47.945786463687185\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.99169921875,\n              46.30140615437332\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.49707031249999,\n              42.924251753870685\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.18945312500001,\n              41.83682786072714\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.51904296875,\n              40.36328834091583\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.74999999999999,\n              39.06184913429154\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.5419921875,\n              34.415973384481866\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.46582031249999,\n              32.602361666817515\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.89501953124999,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.10400390625,\n              34.30714385628804\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.5654296875,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.697265625,\n              36.049098959065645\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.2138671875,\n              36.049098959065645\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              37.00255267215955\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.09423828125,\n              36.94989178681327\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              31.353636941500987\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.25927734375,\n              31.27855085894653\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.19335937499999,\n              31.74685416292141\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.58935546875,\n              31.70947636001935\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.5673828125,\n              32.02670629333614\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.02978515625,\n              31.98944183792288\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.0517578125,\n              36.4566360115962\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.99755859375,\n              36.54494944148322\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.931640625,\n              34.65128519895413\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.151611328125,\n              34.22088697429016\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.4979248046875,\n              34.08906131584994\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.34185791015625,\n              33.68549637289138\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.5975341796875,\n              33.929687627576605\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.39978027343749,\n              33.87041555094183\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.152587890625,\n              33.947916898356404\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.49066162109375,\n              33.65120829920497\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.47418212890625,\n              34.00030430441023\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.45770263671875,\n              34.62642791261892\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.493408203125,\n              36.500805317604794\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.659423828125,\n              36.20882309283712\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.4287109375,\n              37.55328764595765\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.37353515625,\n              38.19502155795575\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.1318359375,\n              38.66835610151506\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.34033203125,\n              39.9602803542957\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8349609375,\n              42.52069952914966\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.802734375,\n              42.50450285299051\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.91259765625,\n              43.40504748787035\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.72607421875,\n              45.66012730272194\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.814453125,\n              45.84410779560204\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.57275390625,\n              46.51351558059737\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.19921875,\n              46.51351558059737\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.95751953125,\n              46.118941506107056\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.49609375,\n              45.93587062119052\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.38671875,\n              45.19752230305682\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.353515625,\n              43.02071359427862\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.12255859375,\n              42.17968819665961\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.6611328125,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.52978515625,\n              42.56926437219384\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.013671875,\n              42.89206418807337\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.07958984375,\n              43.16512263158296\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.12353515625,\n              43.45291889355465\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              44.134913443750726\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              45.042478050891546\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.662109375,\n              46.34692761055676\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.56298828125,\n              47.35371061951363\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.51904296874999,\n              51.590722643120145\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.9365234375,\n              51.16556659836182\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.19970703125,\n              52.9751081817353\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.177734375,\n              55.05320258537112\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.9462890625,\n              55.26659815231191\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.07714843749999,\n              56.8129075187002\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.1416015625,\n              52.855864177853974\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.07568359375,\n              48.99463598353405\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.2509765625,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.83349609375,\n              46.9052455464292\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.04052734375,\n              46.93526088057719\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.04052734375,\n              48.99463598353405\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.31591796875,\n              49.095452162534826\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.9970703125,\n              60.031929699115615\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05859375,\n              59.987997631212224\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.03662109374999,\n              53.81362579235235\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.9501953125,\n              49.06666839558117\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.20068359374999,\n              49.05227025601607\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.78320312499999,\n              48.3416461723746\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.62890625,\n              48.45835188280866\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.78271484375,\n              38.151837403006766\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.52001953125,\n              38.151837403006766\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.52001953125,\n              40.863679665481676\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.78271484375,\n              40.863679665481676\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.78271484375,\n              38.151837403006766\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 2.0; November 20, 2019","publicComments":"Report was updated to version 2.0 on 11/20/2019","contact":"<p>Associate Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/ecosystems\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/ecosystems\">Ecosystems</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>954 National Center<br>12201 Sunrise Valley Drive<br>Reston, VA 20192</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>List of Projects Supporting Chronic Wasting Disease Research Goals and Action Items</li><li>Chronic Wasting Disease Ecology and Epidemiology Studies</li><li>Chronic Wasting Disease Risk Assessment and Modeling Studies</li><li>Development of Chronic Wasting Disease Surveillance and Mitigation Tools</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"publishedDate":"2019-10-23","revisedDate":"2019-11-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, M. Camille 0000-0003-1465-6038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1465-6038","contributorId":219531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"M. Camille","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, Christina M. 0000-0002-4950-8273","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-8273","contributorId":219532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Christina M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":219533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Christopher J. 0000-0003-4539-2581 cjjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4539-2581","contributorId":219534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Christopher","email":"cjjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richards, Bryan J. 0000-0001-9955-2523","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9955-2523","contributorId":219535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Russell, Robin E. 0000-0001-8726-7303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-7303","contributorId":219536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Robin E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D.","contributorId":219537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":772486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sargeant, Glen A. 0000-0003-3845-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-8503","contributorId":219538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"Glen A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Walsh, Daniel P. 0000-0002-7772-2445","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-2445","contributorId":219539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Walter, W. David 0000-0003-3068-1073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":219540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W. David","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70216024,"text":"70216024 - 2019 - The (mythical) M8.2 off coast of Peru earthquake of 12 December 1908","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-03T17:21:36.431251","indexId":"70216024","displayToPublicDate":"2019-11-20T11:18:47","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"title":"The (mythical) M8.2 off coast of Peru earthquake of 12 December 1908","docAbstract":"<p><span>Global earthquake catalogs covering the early twentieth century differ in their listings of a large earthquake, or earthquakes, on 12 December 1908. Some catalogs list an&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x223C;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>7</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mo\">∼</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mn\">7</span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">M∼7</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;earthquake originating in northern Myanmar (Burma) at&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot; form=&quot;prefix&quot;>&amp;#x223C;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>12</mn><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>:</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>55</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"mo\">∼</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"mn\">12</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mo\">:</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"mn\">55</span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">∼12:55</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;UTC on that date. Other catalogs do not list the Myanmar origin but list an earthquake with magnitude 8.2 originating in or near Peru at 12:08 UTC on the date. Some catalogs list both origins, but sometimes with additional evidence suggesting that the 1908 M&nbsp;8.2 Peru origin may be “mythical.” In a review of arrival times of phases reported in seismic bulletins of 1908, conducted specifically to identify data that might be consistent with the sometimes‐cataloged Peru origin, we do not find a coherent set of such data. Many bulletin arrival times reported for 12 December 1908, however, are mutually consistent with the cataloged Myanmar origin. Comparisons of seismograms recorded at the Seismological Observatory of Göttingen in Germany (station GTT) on 12 December 1908 with seismograms obtained on the same instruments for later large earthquakes that are reliably located in Myanmar and Peru, respectively, are consistent with the implication of the bulletin arrival‐time observations. We conclude that a major earthquake did indeed occur in or near northern Myanmar on 12 December 1908 but that there was not on that date a great earthquake near Peru that would correspond to the sometimes‐cataloged M&nbsp;8.2 Peru origin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220190232","usgsCitation":"Di Giacomo, D., and Dewey, J.W., 2019, The (mythical) M8.2 off coast of Peru earthquake of 12 December 1908, v. 91, no. 1, p. 488-498, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220190232.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"488","endPage":"498","ipdsId":"IP-112350","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380081,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Myanmar (Burma)","otherGeospatial":"Northern Myanmar (Burma)","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              95.712890625,\n              21.779905342529645\n            ],\n            [\n              99.31640625,\n              21.779905342529645\n            ],\n            [\n              99.31640625,\n              28.69058765425071\n            ],\n            [\n              95.712890625,\n              28.69058765425071\n            ],\n            [\n              95.712890625,\n              21.779905342529645\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Di Giacomo, Domenico","contributorId":244334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Giacomo","given":"Domenico","affiliations":[{"id":48894,"text":"International Seismological Centre, Pipers Lane, Thatcham, RG19 4NS, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dewey, James W. 0000-0001-8838-2450 jdewey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8838-2450","contributorId":5819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"James","email":"jdewey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}