{"pageNumber":"695","pageRowStart":"17350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46666,"records":[{"id":70034630,"text":"70034630 - 2011 - Sediment dynamics and the burial and exhumation of bedrock reefs along an emergent coastline as elucidated by repetitive sonar surveys: Northern Monterey Bay, CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-28T08:16:21","indexId":"70034630","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment dynamics and the burial and exhumation of bedrock reefs along an emergent coastline as elucidated by repetitive sonar surveys: Northern Monterey Bay, CA","docAbstract":"Two high-resolution bathymetric and acoustic backscatter sonar surveys were conducted along the energetic emergent inner shelf of northern Monterey Bay, CA, USA, in the fall of 2005 and the spring of 2006 to determine the impact of winter storm waves, beach erosion, and river floods on biologically-important siliclastic bedrock reef habitats. The surveys extended from water depths of 4 m to 22 m and covered an area of 3.14 km2, 45.8% of which was bedrock, gravel, and coarse-grained sand and 54.2% was fine-grained sand. Our analyses of the bathymetric and acoustic backscatter data demonstrates that during the 6 months between surveys, 11.4% of the study area was buried by fine-grained sand while erosion resulted in the exposure of bedrock or coarse-grained sand over 26.5% of the study area. The probability of burial decreased with increasing water depth and rugosity; the probability of exhumation increased with increasing wave-induced near-bed shear stress, seabed slope and rugosity. Much of the detected change was at the boundary between bedrock and unconsolidated sediment due to sedimentation and erosion burying or exhuming bedrock, respectively. In a number of cases, however, the change in seabed character was apparently due to changes in sediment grain size when scour exposed what appeared to be an underlying coarser-grained lag or the burial of coarser-grained sand and gravel by fine-grained sand. These findings suggest that, in some places, (a) burial and exhumation of nearshore bedrock reefs along rocky, energetic inner shelves occurs over seasonal timescales and appears related to intrinsic factors such as seabed morphology and extrinsic factors such as wave forces, and (b) single acoustic surveys typically employed for geologic characterization and/or habitat mapping may not adequately characterize the geomorphologic and sedimentologic nature of these types of environments that typify most of the Pacific Ocean and up to 50% of the world's coastlines.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2011.09.010","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Fregoso, T., Golden, N., and Finlayson, D., 2011, Sediment dynamics and the burial and exhumation of bedrock reefs along an emergent coastline as elucidated by repetitive sonar surveys: Northern Monterey Bay, CA: Marine Geology, v. 289, no. 1-4, p. 46-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.09.010.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"59","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215660,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.09.010"},{"id":243479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Monterey Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.145,36.629 ], [ -122.145,36.941 ], [ -121.828,36.941 ], [ -121.828,36.629 ], [ -122.145,36.629 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"289","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8988e4b08c986b316e10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, C. D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":98905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fregoso, T.A.","contributorId":89371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fregoso","given":"T.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Golden, N.E.","contributorId":85426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finlayson, D.P.","contributorId":104301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finlayson","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033785,"text":"70033785 - 2011 - Comparison of Two Parametric Methods to Estimate Pesticide Mass Loads in California's Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T13:34:13","indexId":"70033785","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of Two Parametric Methods to Estimate Pesticide Mass Loads in California's Central Valley","docAbstract":"Mass loadings were calculated for four pesticides in two watersheds with different land uses in the Central Valley, California, by using two parametric models: (1) the Seasonal Wave model (SeaWave), in which a pulse signal is used to describe the annual cycle of pesticide occurrence in a stream, and (2) the Sine Wave model, in which first-order Fourier series sine and cosine terms are used to simulate seasonal mass loading patterns. The models were applied to data collected during water years 1997 through 2005. The pesticides modeled were carbaryl, diazinon, metolachlor, and molinate. Results from the two models show that the ability to capture seasonal variations in pesticide concentrations was affected by pesticide use patterns and the methods by which pesticides are transported to streams. Estimated seasonal loads compared well with results from previous studies for both models. Loads estimated by the two models did not differ significantly from each other, with the exceptions of carbaryl and molinate during the precipitation season, where loads were affected by application patterns and rainfall. However, in watersheds with variable and intermittent pesticide applications, the SeaWave model is more suitable for use on the basis of its robust capability of describing seasonal variation of pesticide concentrations. ?? 2010 American Water Resources Association. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00506.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Saleh, D., Lorenz, D., and Domagalski, J.L., 2011, Comparison of Two Parametric Methods to Estimate Pesticide Mass Loads in California's Central Valley: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 2, p. 254-264, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00506.x.","startPage":"254","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214529,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00506.x"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f849e4b0c8380cd4cfc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saleh, D.K. 0000-0002-1406-9303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-9303","contributorId":82748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saleh","given":"D.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, D. L.","contributorId":10776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036864,"text":"70036864 - 2011 - Co-occurrence patterns of trees along macro-climatic gradients and their potential influence on the present and future distribution of Fagus sylvatica L.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T18:15:21.920437","indexId":"70036864","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Co-occurrence patterns of trees along macro-climatic gradients and their potential influence on the present and future distribution of Fagus sylvatica L.","docAbstract":"

During recent and future climate change, shifts in large-scale species ranges are expected due to the hypothesized major role of climatic factors in regulating species distributions. The stress-gradient hypothesis suggests that biotic interactions may act as major constraints on species distributions under more favourable growing conditions, while climatic constraints may dominate under unfavourable conditions. We tested this hypothesis for one focal tree species having three major competitors using broad-scale environmental data. We evaluated the variation of species co-occurrence patterns in climate space and estimated the influence of these patterns on the distribution of the focal species for current and projected future climates. Location: Europe. Methods: We used ICP Forest Level 1 data as well as climatic, topographic and edaphic variables. First, correlations between the relative abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and three major competitor species (Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur) were analysed in environmental space, and then projected to geographic space. Second, a sensitivity analysis was performed using generalized additive models (GAM) to evaluate where and how much the predicted F. sylvatica distribution varied under current and future climates if potential competitor species were included or excluded. We evaluated if these areas coincide with current species co-occurrence patterns. Results: Correlation analyses supported the stress-gradient hypothesis: towards favourable growing conditions of F. sylvatica, its abundance was strongly linked to the abundance of its competitors, while this link weakened towards unfavourable growing conditions, with stronger correlations in the south and at low elevations than in the north and at high elevations. The sensitivity analysis showed a potential spatial segregation of species with changing climate and a pronounced shift of zones where co-occurrence patterns may play a major role. Main conclusions: Our Results: demonstrate the importance of species co-occurrence patterns for calibrating improved species distribution models for use in projections of climate effects. The correlation approach is able to localize European areas where inclusion of biotic predictors is effective. The climateinduced spatial segregation of the major tree species could have ecological and economic consequences.

","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02405.x","issn":"03050270","usgsCitation":"Meier, E., Edwards, T.C., Kienast, F., Dobbertin, M., and Zimmermann, N., 2011, Co-occurrence patterns of trees along macro-climatic gradients and their potential influence on the present and future distribution of Fagus sylvatica L.: Journal of Biogeography, v. 38, no. 2, p. 371-382, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02405.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"371","endPage":"382","ipdsId":"IP-024915","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488972,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3436519","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217747,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02405.x"}],"otherGeospatial":"Europe","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -10.1953125,\n 36.31512514748051\n ],\n [\n 0.703125,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n 5.712890625,\n 38.06539235133249\n ],\n [\n 9.404296875,\n 38.34165619279595\n ],\n [\n 14.677734375000002,\n 35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n 29.091796875,\n 34.66935854524543\n ],\n [\n 29.443359375,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n 26.279296875,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n 32.16796875,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n 40.25390625,\n 47.57652571374621\n ],\n [\n 40.25390625,\n 49.724479188712984\n ],\n [\n 33.57421875,\n 52.482780222078226\n ],\n [\n 29.970703124999996,\n 51.998410382390325\n ],\n [\n 32.431640625,\n 53.64463782485651\n ],\n [\n 30.673828125,\n 55.727110085045986\n ],\n [\n 28.652343749999996,\n 56.70450561416937\n ],\n [\n 30.937499999999996,\n 60.58696734225869\n ],\n [\n 30.937499999999996,\n 64.62387720204688\n ],\n [\n 29.53125,\n 69.41124235697256\n ],\n [\n 31.289062500000004,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n 21.09375,\n 71.63599288330609\n ],\n [\n 8.0859375,\n 67.06743335108298\n ],\n [\n -12.65625,\n 60.75915950226991\n ],\n [\n -13.7109375,\n 54.36775852406841\n ],\n [\n -10.1953125,\n 36.31512514748051\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f67ae4b0c8380cd4c7b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meier, E.S.","contributorId":102713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":2061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kienast, Felix","contributorId":9508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kienast","given":"Felix","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dobbertin, M.","contributorId":98601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobbertin","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmermann, N.E.","contributorId":24547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmermann","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036865,"text":"70036865 - 2011 - Documenting channel features associated with gas hydrates in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T18:04:37.819215","indexId":"70036865","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Documenting channel features associated with gas hydrates in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore India","docAbstract":"

During the India National Gas Hydrate Program (NGHP) Expedition 01 in 2006 significant sand and gas hydrate were recovered at Site NGHP-01-15 within the Krishna–Godavari Basin, East Coast off India. At the drill site NGHP-01-15, a 5–8 m thick interval was found that is characterized by higher sand content than anywhere else at the site and within the KG Basin. Gas hydrate concentrations were determined to be 20–40% of the pore volume using wire-line electrical resistivity data as well as core-derived pore-fluid freshening trends. The gas hydrate-bearing interval was linked to a prominent seismic reflection observed in the 3D seismic data. This reflection event, mapped for about 1 km2 south of the drill site, is bound by a fault at its northern limit that may act as migration conduit for free gas to enter the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) and subsequently charge the sand-rich layer. On 3D and additional regional 2D seismic data a prominent channel system was imaged mainly by using the seismic instantaneous amplitude attribute. The channel can be clearly identified by changes in the seismic character of the channel fill (sand-rich) and pronounced levees (less sand content than in the fill, but higher than in surrounding mud-dominated sediments). The entire channel sequence (channel fill and levees) has been subsequently covered and back-filled with a more mud-prone sediment sequence. Where the levees intersect the base of the GHSZ, their reflection strengths are significantly increased to 5- to 6-times the surrounding reflection amplitudes. Using the 3D seismic data these high-amplitude reflection edges where linked to the gas hydrate-bearing layer at Site NGHP-01-15. Further south along the channel the same reflection elements representing the levees do not show similarly large reflection amplitudes. However, the channel system is still characterized by several high-amplitude reflection events (a few hundred meters wide and up to ~ 1 km in extent) interpreted as gas hydrate-bearing sand intervals along the length of the channel.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.008","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Riedel, M., Collett, T.S., and Shankar, U., 2011, Documenting channel features associated with gas hydrates in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore India: Marine Geology, v. 279, no. 1-4, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.008.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217773,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.008"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"Krishna–Godavari Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 80.9912109375,\n 15.114552871944115\n ],\n [\n 81.82617187499999,\n 13.66733825965496\n ],\n [\n 84.990234375,\n 15.580710739162123\n ],\n [\n 83.671875,\n 16.804541076383455\n ],\n [\n 80.9912109375,\n 15.114552871944115\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"279","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0387e4b0c8380cd50506","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riedel, M.","contributorId":65268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shankar, Ude","contributorId":80033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shankar","given":"Ude","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032265,"text":"70032265 - 2011 - Social network models predict movement and connectivity in ecological landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70032265","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Social network models predict movement and connectivity in ecological landscapes","docAbstract":"Network analysis is on the rise across scientific disciplines because of its ability to reveal complex, and often emergent, patterns and dynamics. Nonetheless, a growing concern in network analysis is the use of limited data for constructing networks. This concern is strikingly relevant to ecology and conservation biology, where network analysis is used to infer connectivity across landscapes. In this context, movement among patches is the crucial parameter for interpreting connectivity but because of the difficulty of collecting reliable movement data, most network analysis proceeds with only indirect information on movement across landscapes rather than using observed movement to construct networks. Statistical models developed for social networks provide promising alternatives for landscape network construction because they can leverage limited movement information to predict linkages. Using two mark-recapture datasets on individual movement and connectivity across landscapes, we test whether commonly used network constructions for interpreting connectivity can predict actual linkages and network structure, and we contrast these approaches to social network models. We find that currently applied network constructions for assessing connectivity consistently, and substantially, overpredict actual connectivity, resulting in considerable overestimation of metapopulation lifetime. Furthermore, social network models provide accurate predictions of network structure, and can do so with remarkably limited data on movement. Social network models offer a flexible and powerful way for not only understanding the factors influencing connectivity but also for providing more reliable estimates of connectivity and metapopulation persistence in the face of limited data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1107549108","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Fletcher, R.J., Acevedo, M., Reichert, B.E., Pias, K., and Kitchens, W., 2011, Social network models predict movement and connectivity in ecological landscapes: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 108, no. 48, p. 19282-19287, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1107549108.","startPage":"19282","endPage":"19287","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475302,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1107549108","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214946,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1107549108"},{"id":242707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91c2e4b08c986b319aa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fletcher, R. J. Jr.","contributorId":88120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acevedo, M.A.","contributorId":91317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reichert, Brian E. 0000-0002-9640-0695","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-0695","contributorId":22166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichert","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":435330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pias, Kyle E.","contributorId":26535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pias","given":"Kyle E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kitchens, W.M.","contributorId":87647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitchens","given":"W.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033787,"text":"70033787 - 2011 - Lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction beneath the western United States from the joint inversion of body-wave traveltimes and surface-wave phase velocities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70033787","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction beneath the western United States from the joint inversion of body-wave traveltimes and surface-wave phase velocities","docAbstract":"The relation between the complex geological history of the western margin of the North American plate and the processes in the mantle is still not fully documented and understood. Several pre-USArray local seismic studies showed how the characteristics of key geological features such as the Colorado Plateau and the Yellowstone Snake River Plains are linked to their deep mantle structure. Recent body-wave models based on the deployment of the high density, large aperture USArray have provided far more details on the mantle structure while surface-wave tomography (ballistic waves and noise correlations) informs us on the shallow structure. Here we combine constraints from these two data sets to image and study the link between the geology of the western United States, the shallow structure of the Earth and the convective processes in mantle. Our multiphase DNA10-S model provides new constraints on the extent of the Archean lithosphere imaged as a large, deeply rooted fast body that encompasses the stable Great Plains and a large portion of the Northern and Central Rocky Mountains. Widespread slow anomalies are found in the lower crust and upper mantle, suggesting that low-density rocks isostatically sustain part of the high topography of the western United States. The Yellowstone anomaly is imaged as a large slow body rising from the lower mantle, intruding the overlying lithosphere and controlling locally the seismicity and the topography. The large E-W extent of the USArray used in this study allows imaging the 'slab graveyard', a sequence of Farallon fragments aligned with the currently subducting Juan de Fuca Slab, north of the Mendocino Triple Junction. The lithospheric root of the Colorado Plateau has apparently been weakened and partly removed through dripping. The distribution of the slower regions around the Colorado Plateau and other rigid blocks follows closely the trend of Cenozoic volcanic fields and ancient lithospheric sutures, suggesting that the later exert a control on the locus of magmato-tectonic activity today. The DNA velocity models are available for download and slicing at http://dna.berkeley.edu. ?? 2011 The Authors Geophysical Journal International ?? 2011 RAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.04990.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Obrebski, M., Allen, R.M., Pollitz, F., and Hung, S., 2011, Lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction beneath the western United States from the joint inversion of body-wave traveltimes and surface-wave phase velocities: Geophysical Journal International, v. 185, no. 2, p. 1003-1021, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.04990.x.","startPage":"1003","endPage":"1021","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475379,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2011.04990.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214563,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.04990.x"},{"id":242298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"185","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4892e4b0c8380cd67f6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Obrebski, M.","contributorId":58853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obrebski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, R. M.","contributorId":36170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollitz, F.","contributorId":66449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hung, S.-H.","contributorId":59261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hung","given":"S.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036785,"text":"70036785 - 2011 - Demonstration of a conceptual model for using LiDAR to improve the estimation of floodwater mitigation potential of Prairie Pothole Region wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T10:49:44","indexId":"70036785","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demonstration of a conceptual model for using LiDAR to improve the estimation of floodwater mitigation potential of Prairie Pothole Region wetlands","docAbstract":"Recent flood events in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America have stimulated interest in modeling water storage capacities of wetlands and their surrounding catchments to facilitate flood mitigation efforts. Accurate estimates of basin storage capacities have been hampered by a lack of high-resolution elevation data. In this paper, we developed a 0.5 m bare-earth model from Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) data and, in combination with National Wetlands Inventory data, delineated wetland catchments and their spilling points within a 196 km2 study area. We then calculated the maximum water storage capacity of individual basins and modeled the connectivity among these basins. When compared to field survey results, catchment and spilling point delineations from the LiDAR bare-earth model captured subtle landscape features very well. Of the 11 modeled spilling points, 10 matched field survey spilling points. The comparison between observed and modeled maximum water storage had an R2 of 0.87 with mean absolute error of 5564 m3. Since maximum water storage capacity of basins does not translate into floodwater regulation capability, we further developed a Basin Floodwater Regulation Index. Based upon this index, the absolute and relative water that could be held by wetlands over a landscape could be modeled. This conceptual model of floodwater downstream contribution was demonstrated with water level data from 17 May 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.05.040","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Huang, S., Young, C., Feng, M., Heidemann, H.K., Cushing, M., Mushet, D., and Liu, S., 2011, Demonstration of a conceptual model for using LiDAR to improve the estimation of floodwater mitigation potential of Prairie Pothole Region wetlands: Journal of Hydrology, v. 405, no. 3-4, p. 417-426, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.05.040.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"417","endPage":"426","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217883,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.05.040"}],"country":"United States;Canada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,40.38 ], [ -120.0,60.0 ], [ -90.14,60.0 ], [ -90.14,40.38 ], [ -120.0,40.38 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"405","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe90e4b0c8380cd4edca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, S.","contributorId":18168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, Caitlin","contributorId":30181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Caitlin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feng, M.","contributorId":18195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feng","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heidemann, Hans Karl 0000-0003-4306-359X kheidemann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4306-359X","contributorId":3755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heidemann","given":"Hans","email":"kheidemann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cushing, Matthew 0000-0001-5209-6006","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5209-6006","contributorId":66101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushing","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mushet, D.M. 0000-0002-5910-2744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":59377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034632,"text":"70034632 - 2011 - A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:10:35","indexId":"70034632","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees","docAbstract":"Honest advertisement models posit that only individuals in good health can produce and/or maintain ornamental traits. Even though disease has profound effects on condition, few studies have experimentally tested its effects on trait expression and even fewer have identified a mechanistic basis for these effects. Recent evidence suggests that black and white, but not grey, plumage colors of black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) are sexually selected. We therefore hypothesized that birds afflicted with avian keratin disorder, a condition that affects the beak and other keratinized tissues, would show reduced expression of black and white, but not grey, color. UV-vis spectrometry of black-capped chickadees affected and unaffected by avian keratin disorder revealed spectral differences between them consistent with this hypothesis. To elucidate the mechanistic bases of these differences, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and a feather cleaning experiment. SEM showed extreme feather soiling in affected birds, and EDX revealed that this was most likely from external sources. Experimentally cleaning the feathers increased color expression of ornamental feathers of affected, but not unaffected, birds. These data provide strong evidence that black and white color is an honest indicator in chickadees, and that variation in feather dirtiness, likely due to differences in preening behavior is a mechanism for this association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0025877","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"D'Alba, L., Van Hemert, C.R., Handel, C.M., and Shawkey, M., 2011, A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475404,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215692,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877"}],"volume":"6","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e494e4b0c8380cd4673b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D'Alba, L.","contributorId":9079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Alba","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Hemert, Caroline R. 0000-0002-6858-7165 cvanhemert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-7165","contributorId":3592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Hemert","given":"Caroline","email":"cvanhemert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shawkey, M.D.","contributorId":97731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shawkey","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036764,"text":"70036764 - 2011 - Goldschmidt crater and the Moon's north polar region: Results from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T09:52:16","indexId":"70036764","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Goldschmidt crater and the Moon's north polar region: Results from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)","title":"Goldschmidt crater and the Moon's north polar region: Results from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)","docAbstract":"

Soils within the impact crater Goldschmidt have been identified as spectrally distinct from the local highland material. High spatial and spectral resolution data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) on the Chandrayaan-1 orbiter are used to examine the character of Goldschmidt crater in detail. Spectral parameters applied to a north polar mosaic of M3 data are used to discern large-scale compositional trends at the northern high latitudes, and spectra from three widely separated regions are compared to spectra from Goldschmidt. The results highlight the compositional diversity of the lunar nearside, in particular, where feldspathic soils with a low-Ca pyroxene component are pervasive, but exclusively feldspathic regions and small areas of basaltic composition are also observed. Additionally, we find that the relative strengths of the diagnostic OH/H2O absorption feature near 3000 nm are correlated with the mineralogy of the host material. On both global and local scales, the strongest hydrous absorptions occur on the more feldspathic surfaces. Thus, M3 data suggest that while the feldspathic soils within Goldschmidt crater are enhanced in OH/H2O compared to the relatively mafic nearside polar highlands, their hydration signatures are similar to those observed in the feldspathic highlands on the farside.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010JE003702","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Cheek, L., Pieters, C., Boardman, J., Clark, R.N., Combe, J.#., Head, J., Isaacson, P., McCord, T.B., Moriarty, D., Nettles, J., Petro, N., Sunshine, J., and Taylor, L., 2011, Goldschmidt crater and the Moon's north polar region: Results from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3): Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 116, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003702.","ipdsId":"IP-024464","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475407,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010je003702","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217510,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003702"},{"id":245461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a29a7e4b0c8380cd5ab0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheek, L.C.","contributorId":45934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheek","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pieters, C.M.","contributorId":48733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pieters","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boardman, J.W.","contributorId":106301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boardman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Combe, J. #NAME?","contributorId":37982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Combe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"#NAME?","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Head, J.W.","contributorId":67982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Head","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Isaacson, P.J.","contributorId":63236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaacson","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCord, T. B.","contributorId":69695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCord","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Moriarty, D.","contributorId":82953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moriarty","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nettles, J.W.","contributorId":26165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nettles","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Petro, N.E.","contributorId":18999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petro","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sunshine, J.M.","contributorId":74591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sunshine","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Taylor, L.A.","contributorId":14160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70036869,"text":"70036869 - 2011 - Development and application of a pollen-based paleohydrologic reconstruction from the lower Roanoke River Basin, North Carolina, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-24T22:06:16","indexId":"70036869","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3562,"text":"The Holocene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and application of a pollen-based paleohydrologic reconstruction from the lower Roanoke River Basin, North Carolina, USA","docAbstract":"We used pollen assemblages to reconstruct late-Holocene paleohydrologic patterns in floodplain deposits from the lower Roanoke River basin (North Carolina, southeastern USA). Using 120 surface samples from 38 transects, we documented statistical relationships between pollen assemblages, vegetation, and landforms. Backswamp pollen assemblages (long hydroperiods) are dominated by Nyssa (tupelo) and Taxodium (cypress) and have high pollen concentrations. Sediments from elevated levees and seasonally flooded forests (shorter hydroperiods) are characterized by dominant Pinus (pine) pollen, variable abundance of hardwood taxa, and low pollen concentrations. We apply the calibration data set to interpret past vegetation and paleohydrology. Pollen from a radiocarbon-dated sediment core collected in a tupelo-cypress backswamp indicates centennial-scale fluctuations in forest composition during the last 2400 years. Backswamp vegetation has occupied the site since land clearance began ~300 years ago. Recent dam emplacement affected sedimentation rates, but vegetation changes are small compared with those caused by pre-Colonial climate variability. The occurrence of wetter conditions from ~2200 to 1800 cal. yr BP, ~1100 to 750 cal. yr BP, and ~400 to 250 cal. yr BP may indicate changes in cyclonic circulation patterns related to shifts in the position of the Bermuda High and jet stream.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Holocene","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Sage Journals","doi":"10.1177/0959683610378876","issn":"09596836","usgsCitation":"Willard, D., Bernhardt, C., Brown, R., Landacre, B., and Townsend, P., 2011, Development and application of a pollen-based paleohydrologic reconstruction from the lower Roanoke River Basin, North Carolina, USA: The Holocene, v. 21, no. 2, p. 305-317, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683610378876.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"317","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217829,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683610378876"},{"id":245801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0019e4b0c8380cd4f5b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willard, D. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":67676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernhardt, C. 0000-0003-0082-4731","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":104307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, R.","contributorId":101419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landacre, B.","contributorId":11037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landacre","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Townsend, P.","contributorId":83366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsend","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033790,"text":"70033790 - 2011 - Diel activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in a northwest Florida bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033790","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in a northwest Florida bay","docAbstract":"In this paper, we assess patterns in activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi over a 24-h period in the Pensacola bay system, Florida. Although seasonal migration of sturgeon is well documented, little information is available pertaining to daily variation in activity. We surgically implanted 58 Gulf sturgeon with acoustic transmitters in the Escambia (n=26), Yellow (n=8), Blackwater (n=12) and Choctawhatchee rivers (n=12) in June, July, September and October 2005. Gulf sturgeon location was monitored using an array of 56 fixed-station acoustic receivers. The relationship between frequency of Gulf sturgeon observations recorded on all acoustic receivers and time of day for all seasons combined indicated a strong diel activity pattern. Gulf sturgeon were frequently detected at night in all seasons with the exception of summer. Consecutive hourly observations indicated lateral movement of Gulf sturgeon between independent acoustic receivers on 15% of all observations of individuals. The use of an acoustic receiver array not only provides continuous data within a defined area, but also provides insight into nocturnal behavior of Gulf sturgeon not previously identified. ?? 2011 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01641.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Wrege, B., Duncan, M., and Isely, J.J., 2011, Diel activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in a northwest Florida bay: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 27, no. 2, p. 322-326, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01641.x.","startPage":"322","endPage":"326","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214113,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01641.x"},{"id":241804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00bce4b0c8380cd4f8b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wrege, B.M.","contributorId":100405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wrege","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncan, M.S.","contributorId":99750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Isely, J. Jeffery","contributorId":97224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isely","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeffery","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032302,"text":"70032302 - 2011 - Data logging of body temperatures provides precise information on phenology of reproductive events in a free-living arctic hibernator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T20:03:39","indexId":"70032302","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2226,"text":"Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data logging of body temperatures provides precise information on phenology of reproductive events in a free-living arctic hibernator","docAbstract":"

Precise measures of phenology are critical to understanding how animals organize their annual cycles and how individuals and populations respond to climate-induced changes in physical and ecological stressors. We show that patterns of core body temperature (T b) can be used to precisely determine the timing of key seasonal events including hibernation, mating and parturition, and immergence and emergence from the hibernacula in free-living arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus parryii). Using temperature loggers that recorded T b every 20 min for up to 18 months, we monitored core T b from three females that subsequently gave birth in captivity and from 66 female and 57 male ground squirrels free-living in the northern foothills of the Brooks Range Alaska. In addition, dates of emergence from hibernation were visually confirmed for four free-living male squirrels. Average T b in captive females decreased by 0.5–1.0°C during gestation and abruptly increased by 1–1.5°C on the day of parturition. In free-living females, similar shifts in T b were observed in 78% (n = 9) of yearlings and 94% (n = 31) of adults; females without the shift are assumed not to have given birth. Three of four ground squirrels for which dates of emergence from hibernation were visually confirmed did not exhibit obvious diurnal rhythms in T b until they first emerged onto the surface when T b patterns became diurnal. In free-living males undergoing reproductive maturation, this pre-emergence euthermic interval averaged 20.4 days (n = 56). T b-loggers represent a cost-effective and logistically feasible method to precisely investigate the phenology of reproduction and hibernation in ground squirrels.


","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s00360-011-0593-z","issn":"01741578","usgsCitation":"Williams, C.T., Sheriff, M., Schmutz, J.A., Kohl, F., Toien, O., Buck, C., and Barnes, B., 2011, Data logging of body temperatures provides precise information on phenology of reproductive events in a free-living arctic hibernator: Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology, v. 181, no. 8, p. 1101-1109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-011-0593-z.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1101","endPage":"1109","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"181","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd88e4b0c8380cd4e883","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, C. T.","contributorId":90950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheriff, M.J.","contributorId":92880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheriff","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kohl, F.","contributorId":38378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohl","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Toien, O.","contributorId":20564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toien","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Buck, C.L.","contributorId":11432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buck","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barnes, B.M.","contributorId":30839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70032325,"text":"70032325 - 2011 - The distribution and abundance of a nuisance native alga, Didymosphen Didymosphenia geminata, in streams of Glacier National Park: Climate drivers and management implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70032325","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3014,"text":"Park Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The distribution and abundance of a nuisance native alga, Didymosphen Didymosphenia geminata, in streams of Glacier National Park: Climate drivers and management implications","docAbstract":"Didymosphenia geminata (didymo) is a freshwater alga native to North America, including Glacier National Park, Montana. It has long been considered a cold-water species, but has recently spread to lower latitudes and warmer waters, and increasingly forms large blooms that cover streambeds. We used a comprehensive monitoring data set from the National Park Service (NPS) and USGS models of stream temperatures to explore the drivers of didymo abundance in Glacier National Park. We estimate that approximately 64% of the stream length in the park contains didymo, with around 5% in a bloom state. Results suggest that didymo abundance likely increased over the study period (2007-2009), with blooms becoming more common. Our models suggest that didymo abundance is positively related to summer stream temperatures and negatively related to total nitrogen and the distance downstream from lakes. Regional climate model simulations indicate that stream temperatures in the park will likely continue to increase over the coming decades, which may increase the extent and severity of didymo blooms. As a result, didymo may be a useful indicator of thermal and hydrological modification associated with climate warming, especially in a relatively pristine system like Glacier where proximate human-related disturbances are absent or reduced. Glacier National Park plays an important role as a sentinel for climate change and associated education across the Rocky Mountain region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07359462","usgsCitation":"William, S.E., Ashton, I., Muhlfeld, C., Jones, L., and Bahls, L., 2011, The distribution and abundance of a nuisance native alga, Didymosphen Didymosphenia geminata, in streams of Glacier National Park: Climate drivers and management implications: Park Science, v. 28, no. 2.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baacae4b08c986b3229f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"William, Schweiger E.","contributorId":60463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"William","given":"Schweiger","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashton, I.W.","contributorId":101900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashton","given":"I.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muhlfeld, C.C.","contributorId":97850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, L.A.","contributorId":38794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bahls, L.L.","contributorId":36208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahls","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032334,"text":"70032334 - 2011 - Monitoring the Earthquake source process in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70032334","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring the Earthquake source process in North America","docAbstract":"With the implementation of the USGS National Earthquake Information Center Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response system (PAGER), rapid determination of earthquake moment magnitude is essential, especially for earthquakes that are felt within the contiguous United States. We report an implementation of moment tensor processing for application to broad, seismically active areas of North America. This effort focuses on the selection of regional crustal velocity models, codification of data quality tests, and the development of procedures for rapid computation of the seismic moment tensor. We systematically apply these techniques to earthquakes with reported magnitude greater than 3.5 in continental North America that are not associated with a tectonic plate boundary. Using the 0.02-0.10 Hz passband, we can usually determine, with few exceptions, moment tensor solutions for earthquakes with M w as small as 3.7. The threshold is significantly influenced by the density of stations, the location of the earthquake relative to the seismic stations and, of course, the signal-to-noise ratio. With the existing permanent broadband stations in North America operated for rapid earthquake response, the seismic moment tensor of most earthquakes that are M w 4 or larger can be routinely computed. As expected the nonuniform spatial pattern of these solutions reflects the seismicity pattern. However, the orientation of the direction of maximum compressive stress and the predominant style of faulting is spatially coherent across large regions of the continent.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120110095","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Herrmann, R., Benz, H., and Ammon, C., 2011, Monitoring the Earthquake source process in North America: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 6, p. 2609-2625, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110095.","startPage":"2609","endPage":"2625","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215015,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110095"},{"id":242780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5de4e4b0c8380cd70679","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herrmann, Robert B.","contributorId":80255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrmann","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benz, H.","contributorId":61953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ammon, C.J.","contributorId":28389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ammon","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036902,"text":"70036902 - 2011 - Geologic controls on gas hydrate occurrence in the Mount Elbert prospect, Alaska North Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T19:51:02.165658","indexId":"70036902","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic controls on gas hydrate occurrence in the Mount Elbert prospect, Alaska North Slope","docAbstract":"

Data acquired at the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, drilled in the Milne Point area of the Alaska North Slope in February, 2007, indicates two zones of high gas hydrate saturation within the Eocene Sagavanirktok Formation. Gas hydrate is observed in two separate sand reservoirs (the D and C units), in the stratigraphically highest portions of those sands, and is not detected in non-sand lithologies. In the younger D unit, gas hydrate appears to fill much of the available reservoir space at the top of the unit. The degree of vertical fill with the D unit is closely related to the unit reservoir quality. A thick, low-permeability clay-dominated unit serves as an upper seal, whereas a subtle transition to more clay-rich, and interbedded sand, silt, and clay units is associated with the base of gas hydrate occurrence. In the underlying C unit, the reservoir is similarly capped by a clay-dominated section, with gas hydrate filling the relatively lower-quality sands at the top of the unit leaving an underlying thick section of high-reservoir quality sands devoid of gas hydrate. Evaluation of well log, core, and seismic data indicate that the gas hydrate occurs within complex combination stratigraphic/structural traps. Structural trapping is provided by a four-way fold closure augmented by a large western bounding fault. Lithologic variation is also a likely strong control on lateral extent of the reservoirs, particularly in the D unit accumulation, where gas hydrate appears to extend beyond the limits of the structural closure. Porous and permeable zones within the C unit sand are only partially charged due most likely to limited structural trapping in the reservoir lithofacies during the period of primary charging. The occurrence of the gas hydrate within the sands in the upper portions of both the C and D units and along the crest of the fold is consistent with an interpretation that these deposits are converted free gas accumulations formed prior to the imposition of gas hydrate stability conditions.

","largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.12.004","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Boswell, R., Rose, K., Collett, T.S., Lee, M.W., Winters, W.J., Lewis, K.A., and Agena, W.F., 2011, Geologic controls on gas hydrate occurrence in the Mount Elbert prospect, Alaska North Slope: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 589-607, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.12.004.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"589","endPage":"607","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475172,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4387","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217890,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.12.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"The Mount Elbert well","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.3671875,\n 70.28911664330674\n ],\n [\n -159.169921875,\n 68.65655498475735\n ],\n [\n -154.775390625,\n 67.60922060496382\n ],\n [\n -140.44921875,\n 68.26938680456564\n ],\n [\n -139.921875,\n 70.11048478105927\n ],\n [\n -153.28125,\n 72.58082870324515\n ],\n [\n -159.609375,\n 71.88357830131248\n ],\n [\n -161.3671875,\n 70.28911664330674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1943e4b0c8380cd55922","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boswell, R.","contributorId":35121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, K.","contributorId":43594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lewis, Kristen A. 0000-0003-4991-3399 klewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4991-3399","contributorId":4120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Kristen","email":"klewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Agena, Warren F. wagena@usgs.gov","contributorId":3181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agena","given":"Warren","email":"wagena@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70036903,"text":"70036903 - 2011 - In-situ gas hydrate hydrate saturation estimated from various well logs at the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T19:30:54.671568","indexId":"70036903","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In-situ gas hydrate hydrate saturation estimated from various well logs at the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","docAbstract":"

In 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed detailed analysis and interpretation of available 2-D and 3-D seismic data and proposed a viable method for identifying sub-permafrost gas hydrate prospects within the gas hydrate stability zone in the Milne Point area of northern Alaska. To validate the predictions of the USGS and to acquire critical reservoir data needed to develop a long-term production testing program, a well was drilled at the Mount Elbert prospect in February, 2007. Numerous well log data and cores were acquired to estimate in-situ gas hydrate saturations and reservoir properties.

Gas hydrate saturations were estimated from various well logs such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), P- and S-wave velocity, and electrical resistivity logs along with pore-water salinity. Gas hydrate saturations from the NMR log agree well with those estimated from P- and S-wave velocity data. Because of the low salinity of the connate water and the low formation temperature, the resistivity of connate water is comparable to that of shale. Therefore, the effect of clay should be accounted for to accurately estimate gas hydrate saturations from the resistivity data. Two highly gas hydrate-saturated intervals are identified – an upper ∼43 ft zone with an average gas hydrate saturation of 54% and a lower ∼53 ft zone with an average gas hydrate saturation of 50%; both zones reach a maximum of about 75% saturation.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.06.007","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., and Collett, T.S., 2011, In-situ gas hydrate hydrate saturation estimated from various well logs at the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 439-449, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.06.007.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"439","endPage":"449","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217891,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.06.007"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.3671875,\n 70.28911664330674\n ],\n [\n -159.169921875,\n 68.65655498475735\n ],\n [\n -154.775390625,\n 67.60922060496382\n ],\n [\n -140.44921875,\n 68.26938680456564\n ],\n [\n -139.921875,\n 70.11048478105927\n ],\n [\n -153.28125,\n 72.58082870324515\n ],\n [\n -159.609375,\n 71.88357830131248\n ],\n [\n -161.3671875,\n 70.28911664330674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39c2e4b0c8380cd61a2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036932,"text":"70036932 - 2011 - Growth rate and age distribution of deep-sea black corals in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-02T20:08:01","indexId":"70036932","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth rate and age distribution of deep-sea black corals in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"Black corals (order Antipatharia) are important long-lived, habitat-forming, sessile, benthic suspension feeders that are found in all oceans and are usually found in water depths greater than 30 m. Deep-water black corals are some of the slowest-growing, longest-lived deep-sea corals known. Previous age dating of a limited number of black coral samples in the Gulf of Mexico focused on extrapolated ages and growth rates based on skeletal 210Pb dating. Our results greatly expand the age and growth rate data of black corals from the Gulf of Mexico. Radiocarbon analysis of the oldest Leiopathes sp. specimen from the upper De Soto Slope at 300 m water depth indicates that these animals have been growing continuously for at least the last 2 millennia, with growth rates ranging from 8 to 22 µm yr–1. Visual growth ring counts based on scanning electron microscopy images were in good agreement with the 14C-derived ages, suggestive of annual ring formation. The presence of bomb-derived 14C in the outermost samples confirms sinking particulate organic matter as the dominant carbon source and suggests a link between the deep-sea and surface ocean. There was a high degree of reproducibility found between multiple discs cut from the base of each specimen, as well as within duplicate subsamples. Robust 14C-derived chronologies and known surface ocean 14C reservoir age constraints in the Gulf of Mexico provided reliable calendar ages with future application to the development of proxy records.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps08953","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Prouty, N., Roark, E., Buster, N., and Ross, S.W., 2011, Growth rate and age distribution of deep-sea black corals in the Gulf of Mexico: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 423, p. 101-115, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08953.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"115","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475286,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08953","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217865,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08953"},{"id":245837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.9,18.2 ], [ -97.9,30.4 ], [ -81.0,30.4 ], [ -81.0,18.2 ], [ -97.9,18.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"423","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dffe4b0c8380cd5c1f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prouty, N.G.","contributorId":36766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roark, E.B.","contributorId":30076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roark","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buster, N.A.","contributorId":105518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buster","given":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":72543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036014,"text":"70036014 - 2011 - Quantifying Uncertainty in Model Predictions for the Pliocene (Plio-QUMP): Initial results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T20:37:34.106848","indexId":"70036014","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying Uncertainty in Model Predictions for the Pliocene (Plio-QUMP): Initial results","docAbstract":"

Examination of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP; ~ 3.3 to 3.0 Ma BP) provides an excellent opportunity to test the ability of climate models to reproduce warm climate states, thereby assessing our confidence in model predictions. To do this it is necessary to relate the uncertainty in model simulations of mPWP climate to uncertainties in projections of future climate change. The uncertainties introduced by the model can be estimated through the use of a Perturbed Physics Ensemble (PPE). Developing on the UK Met Office Quantifying Uncertainty in Model Predictions (QUMP) Project, this paper presents the results from an initial investigation using the end members of a PPE in a fully coupled atmosphere–ocean model (HadCM3) running with appropriate mPWP boundary conditions. Prior work has shown that the unperturbed version of HadCM3 may underestimate mPWP sea surface temperatures at higher latitudes. Initial results indicate that neither the low sensitivity nor the high sensitivity simulations produce unequivocally improved mPWP climatology relative to the standard. Whilst the high sensitivity simulation was able to reconcile up to 6 °C of the data/model mismatch in sea surface temperatures in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (relative to the standard simulation), it did not produce a better prediction of global vegetation than the standard simulation. Overall the low sensitivity simulation was degraded compared to the standard and high sensitivity simulations in all aspects of the data/model comparison.

The results have shown that a PPE has the potential to explore weaknesses in mPWP modelling simulations which have been identified by geological proxies, but that a ‘best fit’ simulation will more likely come from a full ensemble in which simulations that contain the strengths of the two end member simulations shown here are combined.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.004","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Pope, J., Collins, M., Haywood, A., Dowsett, H.J., Hunter, S., Lunt, D., Pickering, S., and Pound, M., 2011, Quantifying Uncertainty in Model Predictions for the Pliocene (Plio-QUMP): Initial results: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 309, no. 1-2, p. 128-140, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"140","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218443,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.05.004"}],"volume":"309","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91bfe4b0c8380cd80433","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, J.O.","contributorId":16257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"J.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, M.","contributorId":49224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haywood, A.M.","contributorId":101050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haywood","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunter, S.J.","contributorId":27704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lunt, D.J.","contributorId":105127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pickering, S.J.","contributorId":6283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pickering","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pound, M.J.","contributorId":41259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pound","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70034643,"text":"70034643 - 2011 - Fine-scale spatio-temporal variation in tiger Panthera tigris diet: Effect of study duration and extent on estimates of tiger diet in Chitwan National Park, Nepal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T16:59:22.310191","indexId":"70034643","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-scale spatio-temporal variation in tiger Panthera tigris diet: Effect of study duration and extent on estimates of tiger diet in Chitwan National Park, Nepal","docAbstract":"

Attempts to conserve declining tiger Panthera tigris populations and distributions have experienced limited success. The poaching of tiger prey is a key threat to tiger persistence; a clear understanding of tiger diet is a prerequisite to conserve dwindling populations. We used unpublished data on tiger diet in combination with two previously published studies to examine fine-scale spatio-temporal changes in tiger diet relative to prey abundance in Chitwan National Park, Nepal, and aggregated data from the three studies to examine the effect that study duration and the size of the study area have on estimates of tiger diet. Our results correspond with those of previous studies: in all three studies, tiger diet was dominated by members of Cervidae; small to medium-sized prey was important in one study. Tiger diet was unrelated to prey abundance, and the aggregation of studies indicates that increasing study duration and study area size both result in increased dietary diversity in terms of prey categories consumed, and increasing study duration changed which prey species contributed most to tiger diet. Based on our results, we suggest that managers focus their efforts on minimizing the poaching of all tiger prey, and that future studies of tiger diet be of long duration and large spatial extent to improve our understanding of spatio-temporal variation in estimates of tiger diet.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2981/10-127","issn":"09096396","usgsCitation":"Kapfer, P.M., Streby, H.M., Gurung, B., Simcharoen, A., McDougal, C., and Smith, J., 2011, Fine-scale spatio-temporal variation in tiger Panthera tigris diet: Effect of study duration and extent on estimates of tiger diet in Chitwan National Park, Nepal: Wildlife Biology, v. 17, no. 3, p. 277-285, https://doi.org/10.2981/10-127.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"285","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215865,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2981/10-127"}],"country":"Nepal","otherGeospatial":"Chitwan National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 83.88473510742186,\n 27.436384043710643\n ],\n [\n 84.0179443359375,\n 27.447352944393767\n ],\n [\n 84.1058349609375,\n 27.51314343580719\n ],\n [\n 84.1387939453125,\n 27.499744856370658\n ],\n [\n 84.29122924804688,\n 27.38030375235113\n ],\n [\n 84.62905883789062,\n 27.333955100147545\n ],\n [\n 84.7430419921875,\n 27.35347268647926\n ],\n [\n 84.78149414062499,\n 27.510707451811573\n ],\n [\n 84.583740234375,\n 27.684744163600723\n ],\n [\n 84.42306518554688,\n 27.77591152683427\n ],\n [\n 84.0234375,\n 27.756468889550746\n ],\n [\n 83.8311767578125,\n 27.610538528074823\n ],\n [\n 83.88473510742186,\n 27.436384043710643\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1027e4b0c8380cd53b57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kapfer, Paul M.","contributorId":11437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kapfer","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Streby, Henry M.","contributorId":11024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Streby","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gurung, B.","contributorId":68981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurung","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simcharoen, A.","contributorId":9492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simcharoen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McDougal, C.C.","contributorId":96278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougal","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, J.L.D.","contributorId":18480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034653,"text":"70034653 - 2011 - Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: Species stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-15T11:54:12.104638","indexId":"70034653","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":764,"text":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: Species stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates","docAbstract":"

An analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography separation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection previously developed for the determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) has been adapted to allow the determination of As(III), As(V), Se(IV), Se(VI), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) under the same chromatographic conditions. Using this method, all six inorganic species can be determined in less than 3 min. A dynamic reaction cell (DRC)–ICP-MS system was used to detect the species eluted from the chromatographic column in order to reduce interferences. A variety of reaction cell gases and conditions may be utilized with the DRC–ICP-MS, and final selection of conditions is determined by data quality objectives. Results indicated all starting standards, reagents, and sample vials should be thoroughly tested for contamination. Tests on species stability indicated that refrigeration at 10 °C was preferential to freezing for most species, particularly when all species were present, and that sample solutions and extracts should be analyzed as soon as possible to eliminate species instability and interconversion effects. A variety of environmental and geological samples, including waters and deionized water [leachates] and simulated biological leachates from soils and wildfire ashes have been analyzed using this method. Analytical spikes performed on each sample were used to evaluate data quality. Speciation analyses were conducted on deionized water leachates and simulated lung fluid leachates of ash and soils impacted by wildfires. These results show that, for leachates containing high levels of total Cr, the majority of the chromium was present in the hexavalent Cr(VI) form. In general, total and hexavalent chromium levels for samples taken from burned residential areas were higher than those obtained from non-residential forested areas. Arsenic, when found, was generally in the more oxidized As(V) form. Selenium (IV) and (VI) were present, but typically at low levels.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00216-011-5275-x","issn":"16182642","usgsCitation":"Wolf, R., Morman, S., Hageman, P., Hoefen, T., and Plumlee, G., 2011, Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: Species stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, v. 401, no. 9, p. 2733-2745, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5275-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2733","endPage":"2745","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"401","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90d6e4b08c986b31969e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, R.E.","contributorId":11827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morman, S.A.","contributorId":74982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morman","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hageman, P. L. 0000-0002-3440-2150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":27459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoefen, T.M. 0000-0002-3083-5987","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":18143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plumlee, G.S.","contributorId":80698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032356,"text":"70032356 - 2011 - Nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) during the maternity season in West Virginia (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032356","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":629,"text":"Acta Chiropterologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) during the maternity season in West Virginia (USA)","docAbstract":"Nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) at diurnal roost trees remain largely uninvestigated. For example, the influence of reproductive status, weather, and roost tree and surrounding habitat characteristics on timing of emergence, intra-night activity, and entrance at their roost trees is poorly known. We examined nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis maternity colonies during pregnancy and lactation at diurnal roost trees situated in areas that were and were not subjected to recent prescribed fires at the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia from 2007 to 2009. According to exit counts and acoustic data, northern myotis colony sizes were similar between reproductive periods and roost tree settings. However, intra-night activity patterns differed slightly between reproductive periods and roost trees in burned and non-burned areas. Weather variables poorly explained variation in activity patterns during pregnancy, but precipitation and temperature were negatively associated with activity patterns during lactation. ?? Museum and Institute of Zoology PAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Acta Chiropterologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3161/150811011X624866","issn":"15081109","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J., Edwards, J., and Ford, W., 2011, Nocturnal activity patterns of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) during the maternity season in West Virginia (USA): Acta Chiropterologica, v. 13, no. 2, p. 391-397, https://doi.org/10.3161/150811011X624866.","startPage":"391","endPage":"397","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213842,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3161/150811011X624866"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6727e4b0c8380cd731e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, J.B.","contributorId":35107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, J.W.","contributorId":62002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, W.M.","contributorId":50475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034626,"text":"70034626 - 2011 - Habitat use and movement of the endangered Arroyo Toad (Anaxyrus californicus) in coastal southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T19:41:27.823515","indexId":"70034626","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use and movement of the endangered Arroyo Toad (Anaxyrus californicus) in coastal southern California","docAbstract":"

Information on the habitat use and movement patterns of Arroyo Toads (Anaxyrus californicus) is limited. The temporal and spatial characteristics of terrestrial habitat use, especially as it relates to upland use in coastal areas of the species' range, are poorly understood. We present analyses of radiotelemetry data from 40 individual adult toads tracked at a single site in coastal southern California from March through November of 2004. We quantify adult Arroyo Toad habitat use and movements and interpret results in the context of their life history. We show concentrated activity by both male and female toads along stream terraces during and after breeding, and, although our fall sample size is low, the continued presence of adult toads in the floodplain through the late fall. Adult toads used open sandy flats with sparse vegetation. Home-range size and movement frequency varied as a function of body mass. Observed spatial patterns of movement and habitat use both during and outside of the breeding period as well as available climatological data suggest that overwintering of toads in floodplain habitats of near-coastal areas of southern California may be more common than previously considered. If adult toads are not migrating out of the floodplain at the close of the breeding season but instead overwinter on stream terraces in near-coastal areas, then current management practices that assume toad absence from floodplain habitats may be leaving adult toads over-wintering on stream terraces vulnerable to human disturbance during a time of year when Arroyo Toad mortality is potentially highest.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1670/10-160.1","issn":"00221511","usgsCitation":"Mitrovich, M., Gallegos, E., Lyren, L., Lovich, R., and Fisher, R., 2011, Habitat use and movement of the endangered Arroyo Toad (Anaxyrus californicus) in coastal southern California: Journal of Herpetology, v. 45, no. 3, p. 319-328, https://doi.org/10.1670/10-160.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"328","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215627,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1670/10-160.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Califorina","otherGeospatial":"Coastal Southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.74572753906249,\n 32.63012300670739\n ],\n [\n -116.103515625,\n 32.667124733120325\n ],\n [\n -117.3504638671875,\n 34.00258128543371\n ],\n [\n -120.11352539062499,\n 35.092945313732635\n ],\n [\n -120.2783203125,\n 34.42956713470528\n ],\n [\n -118.74572753906249,\n 32.63012300670739\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f33e4b0c8380cd5cb98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitrovich, M.J.","contributorId":43166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitrovich","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallegos, E.A.","contributorId":100634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyren, L.M.","contributorId":11983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyren","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lovich, R.E.","contributorId":98251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032361,"text":"70032361 - 2011 - Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T11:55:58.67828","indexId":"70032361","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw","docAbstract":"

Permafrost contains an estimated 1672 Pg carbon (C), an amount roughly equivalent to the total currently contained within land plants and the atmosphere1,2,3. This reservoir of C is vulnerable to decomposition as rising global temperatures cause the permafrost to thaw2. During thaw, trapped organic matter may become more accessible for microbial degradation and result in greenhouse gas emissions4,5. Despite recent advances in the use of molecular tools to study permafrost microbial communities6,7,8,9, their response to thaw remains unclear. Here we use deep metagenomic sequencing to determine the impact of thaw on microbial phylogenetic and functional genes, and relate these data to measurements of methane emissions. Metagenomics, the direct sequencing of DNA from the environment, allows the examination of whole biochemical pathways and associated processes, as opposed to individual pieces of the metabolic puzzle. Our metagenome analyses reveal that during transition from a frozen to a thawed state there are rapid shifts in many microbial, phylogenetic and functional gene abundances and pathways. After one week of incubation at 5 °C, permafrost metagenomes converge to be more similar to each other than while they are frozen. We find that multiple genes involved in cycling of C and nitrogen shift rapidly during thaw. We also construct the first draft genome from a complex soil metagenome, which corresponds to a novel methanogen. Methane previously accumulated in permafrost is released during thaw and subsequently consumed by methanotrophic bacteria. Together these data point towards the importance of rapid cycling of methane and nitrogen in thawing permafrost.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature10576","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"MacKelprang, R., Waldrop, M., Deangelis, K., David, M., Chavarria, K., Blazewicz, S., Rubin, E., and Jansson, J., 2011, Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw: Nature, v. 480, no. 7377, p. 368-371, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10576.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"368","endPage":"371","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1051660","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"480","issue":"7377","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a546ae4b0c8380cd6cf8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKelprang, R.","contributorId":96490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKelprang","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deangelis, K.M.","contributorId":103096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deangelis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"David, M.M.","contributorId":55219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chavarria, K.L.","contributorId":82932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chavarria","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blazewicz, S.J.","contributorId":98957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazewicz","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rubin, E.M.","contributorId":26890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jansson, J.K.","contributorId":85411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jansson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70032440,"text":"70032440 - 2011 - USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032440","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":793,"text":"Annals of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) \"Did You Feel It?\" (DYFI) system is an automated approach for rapidly collecting macroseismic intensity data from Internet users' shaking and damage reports and generating intensity maps immediately following earthquakes; it has been operating for over a decade (1999-2011). DYFI-based intensity maps made rapidly available through the DYFI system fundamentally depart from more traditional maps made available in the past. The maps are made more quickly, provide more complete coverage and higher resolution, provide for citizen input and interaction, and allow data collection at rates and quantities never before considered. These aspects of Internet data collection, in turn, allow for data analyses, graphics, and ways to communicate with the public, opportunities not possible with traditional data-collection approaches. Yet web-based contributions also pose considerable challenges, as discussed herein. After a decade of operational experience with the DYFI system and users, we document refinements to the processing and algorithmic procedures since DYFI was first conceived. We also describe a number of automatic post-processing tools, operations, applications, and research directions, all of which utilize the extensive DYFI intensity datasets now gathered in near-real time. DYFI can be found online at the website http://earthquake.usgs.gov/dyfi/. ?? 2011 by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4401/ag-5354","issn":"15935213","usgsCitation":"Wald, D., Quitoriano, V., Worden, B., Hopper, M., and Dewey, J.W., 2011, USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps: Annals of Geophysics, v. 54, no. 6, p. 688-707, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354.","startPage":"688","endPage":"707","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475086,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213631,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354"},{"id":241277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb84e4b08c986b32868d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wald, D.J. 0000-0002-1454-4514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":43809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quitoriano, V.","contributorId":22519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quitoriano","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Worden, B.","contributorId":15842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worden","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hopper, M.","contributorId":25999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dewey, J. W.","contributorId":31008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034625,"text":"70034625 - 2011 - Late-Holocene climate evolution at the WAIS Divide site, West Antarctica: Bubble number-density estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-11T12:54:47.319828","indexId":"70034625","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late-Holocene climate evolution at the WAIS Divide site, West Antarctica: Bubble number-density estimates","docAbstract":"

A surface cooling of ∼1.7°C occurred over the ∼two millennia prior to ∼1700 CE at the West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS) Divide site, based on trends in observed bubble number-density of samples from the WDC06A ice core, and on an independently constructed accumulation-rate history using annual-layer dating corrected for density variations and thinning from ice flow. Density increase and grain growth in polar firn are both controlled by temperature and accumulation rate, and the integrated effects are recorded in the number-density of bubbles as the firn changes to ice. Number-density is conserved in bubbly ice following pore close-off, allowing reconstruction of either paleotemperature or paleo-accumulation rate if the other is known. A quantitative late-Holocene paleoclimate reconstruction is presented for West Antarctica using data obtained from the WAIS Divide WDC06A ice core and a steady-state bubble number-density model. The resultant temperature history agrees closely with independent reconstructions based on stable-isotopic ratios of ice. The ∼1.7°C cooling trend observed is consistent with a decrease in Antarctic summer duration from changing orbital obliquity, although it remains possible that elevation change at the site contributed part of the signal. Accumulation rate and temperature dropped together, broadly consistent with control by saturation vapor pressure.

","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.3189/002214311797409677","issn":"00221430","usgsCitation":"Fegyveresi, J., Alley, R.B., Spencer, M.K., Fitzpatrick, J.J., Steig, E., White, J., McConnell, J., and Taylor, K., 2011, Late-Holocene climate evolution at the WAIS Divide site, West Antarctica: Bubble number-density estimates: Journal of Glaciology, v. 57, no. 204, p. 629-638, https://doi.org/10.3189/002214311797409677.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"638","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475264,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/002214311797409677","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"204","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4563e4b0c8380cd6728c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fegyveresi, John M.","contributorId":40822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fegyveresi","given":"John M.","affiliations":[{"id":13035,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alley, R. B.","contributorId":49533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spencer, M. K.","contributorId":79687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spencer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, J. J.","contributorId":95078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Steig, E.J.","contributorId":100556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steig","given":"E.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"White, J.W.C.","contributorId":43124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"J.W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McConnell, J.R.","contributorId":70203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Taylor, K.C.","contributorId":10470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}