Examination of age structures and sex ratios is useful in the management of northern river otters (Lontra canadensis) and other furbearers. Reintroductions and subsequent recolonizations of river otters have been well documented, but changes in demographics between expanding and established populations have not been observed. As a result of reintroduction efforts, immigration from Arkansas and northeastern Texas, and other efforts, river otters have become partially reestablished throughout eastern and central Oklahoma. Our objective was to examine age structures of river otters in Oklahoma and identify trends that relate to space (watersheds, county) and time (USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service county trapping records). We predicted that river otters in western areas of the state were younger than river otters occurring farther east. From 2005–2007, we obtained salvaged river otter carcasses from federal and state agencies, and we live-captured other river otters using leg hold traps. Seventy-two river otters were sampled. Overall, sex ratios were skewed toward females (1F∶0.8M), but they did not differ among spatiotemporal scales examined. Teeth were removed from salvaged and live-captured river otters (n = 63) for aging. One-year old river otters represented the largest age class (30.2%). Proportion of juveniles (<1 y old) in Oklahoma (19.0%) was less than other states. Mean age of river otters decreased from east-to-west in the Arkansas River and its tributaries. Mean age of river otters differed between the Canadian River Watershed (0.8 y) and the Arkansas River Watershed (2.9 y) and the Canadian River Watershed and the Red River Watershed (2.4 y). Proportion of juveniles did not differ among spatiotemporal scales examined. Similar to age structure variations in other mammalian carnivores, colonizing or growing western populations of river otters in Oklahoma contained younger ages than more established eastern populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","publisherLocation":"Notre Dame, IN","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-168.2.302","usgsCitation":"Barrett, D.A., and Leslie, D., 2012, Spatio-temporal variations in age structures of a partially re-established population of northern river otters (Lontra canadensis): American Midland Naturalist, v. 168, no. 2, p. 302-314, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-168.2.302.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"314","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030103","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"168","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55ae1bafe4b066a249242285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barrett, Dominic A.","contributorId":145721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barrett","given":"Dominic","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. cleslie@usgs.gov","contributorId":145497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155335,"text":"70155335 - 2012 - Estimating westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) movements in a river network using strontium isoscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-07T11:38:28","indexId":"70155335","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) movements in a river network using strontium isoscapes","docAbstract":"We used natural variation in the strontium concentration (Sr:Ca) and isotope composition (87Sr:86Sr) of stream waters and corresponding values recorded in otoliths of westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) to examine movements during their life history in a large river network. We found significant spatial differences in Sr:Ca and 87Sr:86Sr values (strontium isoscapes) within and among numerous spawning and rearing streams that remained relatively constant seasonally. Both Sr:Ca and 87Sr:86Sr values in the otoliths of juveniles collected from nine natal streams were highly correlated with those values in the ambient water. Strontium isoscapes measured along the axis of otolith growth revealed that almost half of the juveniles had moved at least some distance from their natal streams. Finally, otolith Sr profiles from three spawning adults confirmed homing to natal streams and use of nonoverlapping habitats over their migratory lifetimes. Our study demonstrates that otolith geochemistry records movements of cutthroat trout through Sr isoscapes and therefore provides a method that complements and extends the utility of conventional tagging techniques in understanding life history strategies and conservation needs of freshwater fishes in river networks.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Research Council Canada","publisherLocation":"Ottawa","doi":"10.1139/f2012-033","usgsCitation":"Muhlfeld, C.C., Thorrold, S.R., McMahon, T.E., and Marotz, B., 2012, Estimating westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) movements in a river network using strontium isoscapes: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 69, no. 5, p. 906-915, https://doi.org/10.1139/f2012-033.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"906","endPage":"915","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035544","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5205","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306497,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f546e4b0bc0bec0a154d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorrold, Simon R.","contributorId":145861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorrold","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16270,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"McMahon, Thomas E.","contributorId":145862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMahon","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6765,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Marotz, Brian","contributorId":145860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marotz","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16269,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, Kalispell, Montana 59901 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70048737,"text":"70048737 - 2012 - Coastal impacts, adaptation, and vulnerabilities: a technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70205864,"text":"70205864 - 2012 - Physical Climate Forces","indexId":"70205864","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"Physical Climate Forces"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70048737,"text":"70048737 - 2012 - Coastal impacts, adaptation, and vulnerabilities: a technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment","indexId":"70048737","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Coastal impacts, adaptation, and vulnerabilities: a technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-19T12:50:30","indexId":"70048737","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T12:42:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Coastal impacts, adaptation, and vulnerabilities: a technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment","docAbstract":"The coast has long provided communities with a multitude of benefits including an \nabundance of natural resources that sustain economies, societies, and ecosystems. \nCoasts provide natural harbors for commerce, trade, and transportation; beaches and \nshorelines that attract residents and tourists; and wetlands and estuaries that are critical for fisheries and water resources. Coastal ecosystems provide critical functions to \ncycle and move nutrients, store carbon, detoxify wastes, and purify air and water. These \nareas also mitigate floods and buffer against coastal storms that bring high winds and \nsalt water inland and erode the shore. Coastal regions are critical in the development, \ntransportation, and processing of oil and natural gas resources and, more recently, are \nbeing explored as a source of energy captured from wind and waves. The many benefits \nand opportunities provided in coastal areas have strengthened our economic reliance on \ncoastal resources. Consequently, the high demands placed on the coastal environment \nwill increase commensurately with human activity. Because 35 U.S. states, commonwealths, and territories have coastlines that border the oceans or Great Lakes, impacts to \ncoastline systems will reverberate through social, economic, and natural systems across \nthe U.S.
\nImpacts on coastal systems are among the most costly and most certain consequences \nof a warming climate (Nicholls et al., 2007). The warming atmosphere is expected to \naccelerate sea-level rise as a result of the decline of glaciers and ice sheets and the thermal expansion of sea water. As mean sea level rises, coastal shorelines will retreat and \nlow-lying areas will tend to be inundated more frequently, if not permanently, by the \nadvancing sea. As atmospheric temperature increases and rainfall patterns change, soil \nmoisture and runoff to the coast are likely to be altered. An increase in the intensity of \nclimatic extremes such as storms and heat spells, coupled with other impacts of climate \nchange and the effects of human development, could affect the sustainability of many \nexisting coastal communities and natural resources.
\nThis report, one of a series of technical inputs for the third NCA conducted under the \nauspices of the U.S. Global Change Research Program, examines the known effects and \nrelationships of climate change variables on the coasts of the U.S. It describes the impacts \non natural and human systems, including several major sectors of the U.S. economy, and \nthe progress and challenges to planning and implementing adaptation options. Below \nwe present the key findings from each chapter of the report, beginning with the following key findings from Chapter 1: Introduction and Context.
","largerWorkTitle":"National Climate Assessment regional technical input reports","language":"English","publisher":"Island Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Burkett, V., and Davidson, M., 2012, Coastal impacts, adaptation, and vulnerabilities: a technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment, xxx, 185 p.","productDescription":"xxx, 185 p.","numberOfPages":"217","ipdsId":"IP-036879","costCenters":[{"id":488,"text":"Office of Associate Director-Climate and Land Use Change","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278609,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.cakex.org/sites/default/files/documents/Coastal-NCA-1.13-web.form__0.pdf"},{"id":279175,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cakex.org/virtual-library/coastal-impacts-adaptation-and-vulnerabilities-technical-input-2013-national-climate"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 144.616667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,13.233333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"528c96ace4b0c629af44dd9e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Burkett, Virginia 0000-0003-4746-2862 virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":2867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia","email":"virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509623,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davidson, Margaret","contributorId":89052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509624,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Burkett, Virginia 0000-0003-4746-2862 virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":2867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia","email":"virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davidson, Margaret","contributorId":89052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70154847,"text":"70154847 - 2012 - Endangered river fish: factors hindering conservation and restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-10T10:55:21","indexId":"70154847","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1497,"text":"Endangered Species Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endangered river fish: factors hindering conservation and restoration","docAbstract":"Globally, riverine fish face many anthropogenic threats including riparian and flood plain habitat degradation, altered hydrology, migration barriers, fisheries exploitation, environmental (climate) change, and introduction of invasive species. Collectively, these threats have made riverine fishes some of the most threatened taxa on the planet. Although much effort has been devoted to identifying the threats faced by river fish, there has been less effort devoted to identifying the factors that may hinder our ability to conserve and restore river fish populations and their watersheds. Therefore, we focus our efforts on identifying and discussing 10 general factors (can also be viewed as research and implementation needs) that constrain or hinder effective conservation action for endangered river fish: (1) limited basic natural history information; (2) limited appreciation for the scale/extent of migrations and the level of connectivity needed to sustain populations; (3) limited understanding of fish/river-flow relationships; (4) limited understanding of the seasonal aspects of river fish biology, particularly during winter and/or wet seasons; (5) challenges in predicting the response of river fish and river ecosystems to both environmental change and various restoration or management actions; (6) limited understanding of the ecosystem services provided by river fish; (7) the inherent difficulty in studying river fish; (8) limited understanding of the human dimension of river fish conservation and management; (9) limitations of single species approaches that often fail to address the broader-scale problems; and (10) limited effectiveness of governance structures that address endangered river fish populations and rivers that cross multiple jurisdictions. We suggest that these issues may need to be addressed to help protect, restore, or conserve river fish globally, particularly those that are endangered.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","publisherLocation":"Oldendorf, Germany","doi":"10.3354/esr00426","usgsCitation":"Cooke, S., Paukert, C.P., and Hogan, Z., 2012, Endangered river fish: factors hindering conservation and restoration: Endangered Species Research, v. 17, no. 2, p. 179-191, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00426.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033972","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00426","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a0ecb1e4b0183d66e43036","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooke, Steven J.","contributorId":56132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooke","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[{"id":36574,"text":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545 cpaukert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","email":"cpaukert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hogan, Zeb","contributorId":145553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogan","given":"Zeb","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048257,"text":"70048257 - 2012 - Extreme events, trends, and variability in Northern Hemisphere lake-ice phenology (1855-2005)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-19T11:38:41","indexId":"70048257","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:33:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extreme events, trends, and variability in Northern Hemisphere lake-ice phenology (1855-2005)","docAbstract":"Often extreme events, more than changes in mean conditions, have the greatest impact on the environment and human well-being. Here we examine changes in the occurrence of extremes in the timing of the annual formation and disappearance of lake ice in the Northern Hemisphere. Both changes in the mean condition and in variability around the mean condition can alter the probability of extreme events. Using long-term ice phenology data covering two periods 1855–6 to 2004–5 and 1905–6 to 2004–5 for a total of 75 lakes, we examined patterns in long-term trends and variability in the context of understanding the occurrence of extreme events. We also examined patterns in trends for a 30-year subset (1975–6 to 2004–5) of the 100-year data set. Trends for ice variables in the recent 30-year period were steeper than those in the 100- and 150-year periods, and trends in the 150-year period were steeper than in the 100-year period. Ranges of rates of change (days per decade) among time periods based on linear regression were 0.3−1.6 later for freeze, 0.5−1.9 earlier for breakup, and 0.7−4.3 shorter for duration. Mostly, standard deviation did not change, or it decreased in the 150-year and 100-year periods. During the recent 50-year period, standard deviation calculated in 10-year windows increased for all ice measures. For the 150-year and 100-year periods changes in the mean ice dates rather than changes in variability most strongly influenced the significant increases in the frequency of extreme lake ice events associated with warmer conditions and decreases in the frequency of extreme events associated with cooler conditions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-011-0212-8","usgsCitation":"Benson, B.J., Magnuson, J., Jensen, O.P., Card, V.M., Hodgkins, G., Korhonen, J., Livingstone, D., Stewart, K.M., Weyhenmeyer, G., and Granin, N., 2012, Extreme events, trends, and variability in Northern Hemisphere lake-ice phenology (1855-2005): Climatic Change, v. 112, no. 2, p. 299-323, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0212-8.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"323","numberOfPages":"25","temporalStart":"1854-12-31","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-024690","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277858,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0212-8"}],"otherGeospatial":"Northern Hemisphere","volume":"112","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523c1ce8e4b024b60d4072b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Barbara J.","contributorId":75058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magnuson, John J.","contributorId":72699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnuson","given":"John J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jensen, Olaf P.","contributorId":92159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Olaf","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Card, Virginia M.","contributorId":56146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Card","given":"Virginia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn","contributorId":29481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Korhonen, Johanna","contributorId":34036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korhonen","given":"Johanna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Livingstone, David M.","contributorId":36843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingstone","given":"David M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stewart, Kenton M.","contributorId":97810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Kenton","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.","contributorId":95381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weyhenmeyer","given":"Gesa A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Granin, Nick G.","contributorId":21856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granin","given":"Nick G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70118551,"text":"70118551 - 2012 - Structure, spectroscopy and dynamics of layered H2O and CO2 ices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T11:29:06","indexId":"70118551","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:27:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3058,"text":"Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure, spectroscopy and dynamics of layered H2O and CO2 ices","docAbstract":"Molecular dynamics simulations of structural, spectroscopic and dynamical properties of mixed water–carbon dioxide (H2O–CO2) ices are discussed over temperature ranges relevant to atmospheric and astrophysical conditions. The simulations employ multipolar force fields to represent electrostatic interactions which are essential for spectroscopic and dynamical investigations. It is found that at the water/CO2 interface the water surface acts as a template for the CO2 component. The rotational reorientation times in both bulk phases agree well with experimental observations. A pronounced temperature effect on the CO2 reorientation time is observed between 100 K and 200 K. At the interface, water reorientation times are nearly twice as long compared to water in the bulk. The spectroscopy of such ices is rich in the far-infrared region of the spectrum and can be related to translational and rotational modes. Furthermore, spectroscopic signatures mediated across the water/CO2 interface are found in this frequency range (around 440 cm−1). These results will be particularly important for new airborne experiments such as planned for SOFIA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society of Chemistry (Cambridge)","doi":"10.1039/C2CP41904A","usgsCitation":"Lee. Myung Won, Plattner, N., and Meuwly, M., 2012, Structure, spectroscopy and dynamics of layered H2O and CO2 ices: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, v. 14, no. 44, p. 15464-15474, https://doi.org/10.1039/C2CP41904A.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"15464","endPage":"15474","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291285,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2CP41904A"}],"volume":"14","issue":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee. Myung Won","contributorId":128172,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Lee. Myung Won","id":535666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plattner, Nuria","contributorId":77464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plattner","given":"Nuria","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meuwly, Markus","contributorId":79408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuwly","given":"Markus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70202998,"text":"70202998 - 2012 - Introduction to phytoremediation of contaminated groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T16:57:28.904741","indexId":"70202998","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:16:11","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Introduction to phytoremediation of contaminated groundwater","docAbstract":"This book provides the reader with the comprehensive view necessary to understand and critically evaluate the design, implementation, and monitoring of phytoremediation at sites characterized by contaminated groundwater. Part I presents the historical foundation of the interaction between plants and groundwater, introduces fundamental groundwater concepts for plant physiologists, and introduces basic plant physiology for hydrogeologists. Part II presents information on how to assess, design, implement, and monitor phytoremediation projects for hydrologic control. Part III presents how plants take up and detoxify a wide range of organic xenobiotics in contaminated groundwater systems, and provides various approaches on how this can be assessed and monitored. Throughout, concepts are emphasized with numerous case studies, illustrations and pertinent literature citations.
The southeast region of the United States contains the highest diversity of freshwater fish species in the country: approximately 662 species. Existing protected areas like units of the National Park Service (NPS) should reflect this biodiversity, but there has been no broad-scale assessment. We compiled several data sets identifying native freshwater fish species distributions in and surrounding NPS units and threats to those resources. Focusing on the 26 NPS units containing only freshwater fish species, we documented 288 species within NPS boundaries. The largest NPS units tended to have the most fish species and aquatic habitat but also the greatest amount of alteration. Increasing rates of urbanization, declines in percentage agriculture land cover, and increased density of road-stream crossings in surrounding watersheds were good predictors of nonindigenous species presence within NPS unit boundaries. These results help document the role of NPS units in conserving freshwater fish diversity and, in this region, suggest that measures aimed at controlling urbanization in the adjacent watersheds could affect the diversity of freshwater fish communities in these units.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2012.676835","collaboration":"National Park Service; University of Georgia; U.S. Geological Survey; Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation; Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Long, J.M., Nibbelink, N.P., McAbee, K., and Stahli, J.W., 2012, Assessment of freshwater fish assemblages and their habitats in the National Park Service system of the southeastern United States: Fisheries, v. 37, no. 5, p. 212-225, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2012.676835.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"212","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-028645","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558931b1e4b0b6d21dd61bbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":549073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nibbelink, Nathan P.","contributorId":141326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nibbelink","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McAbee, Kevin T.","contributorId":141327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McAbee","given":"Kevin T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stahli, Julie W.","contributorId":141328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stahli","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70118547,"text":"70118547 - 2012 - Well log characterization of natural gas-hydrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T11:13:16","indexId":"70118547","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:09:22","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Well log characterization of natural gas-hydrates","docAbstract":"In the last 25 years there have been significant advancements in the use of well-logging tools to acquire detailed information on the occurrence of gas hydrates in nature: whereas wireline electrical resistivity and acoustic logs were formerly used to identify gas-hydrate occurrences in wells drilled in Arctic permafrost environments, more advanced wireline and logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools are now routinely used to examine the petrophysical nature of gas-hydrate reservoirs and the distribution and concentration of gas hydrates within various complex reservoir systems. Resistivity- and acoustic-logging tools are the most widely used for estimating the gas-hydrate content (i.e., reservoir saturations) in various sediment types and geologic settings. Recent integrated sediment coring and well-log studies have confirmed that electrical-resistivity and acoustic-velocity data can yield accurate gas-hydrate saturations in sediment grain-supported (isotropic) systems such as sand reservoirs, but more advanced log-analysis models are required to characterize gas hydrate in fractured (anisotropic) reservoir systems. New well-logging tools designed to make directionally oriented acoustic and propagation-resistivity log measurements provide the data needed to analyze the acoustic and electrical anisotropic properties of both highly interbedded and fracture-dominated gas-hydrate reservoirs. Advancements in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging and wireline formation testing (WFT) also allow for the characterization of gas hydrate at the pore scale. Integrated NMR and formation testing studies from northern Canada and Alaska have yielded valuable insight into how gas hydrates are physically distributed in sediments and the occurrence and nature of pore fluids(i.e., free water along with clay- and capillary-bound water) in gas-hydrate-bearing reservoirs. Information on the distribution of gas hydrate at the pore scale has provided invaluable insight on the mechanisms controlling the formation and occurrence of gas hydrate in nature along with data on gas-hydrate reservoir properties (i.e., porosities and permeabilities) needed to accurately predict gas production rates for various gas-hydrate production schemes.","conferenceTitle":"Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts","conferenceDate":"2012-06-16T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Cartagena, Columbia","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts","publisherLocation":"Houston, TX","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., and Lee, M.W., 2012, Well log characterization of natural gas-hydrates, 20 p.","productDescription":"20 p.","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155348,"text":"70155348 - 2012 - A fine-scale assessment of using barriers to conserve native stream salmonids: a case study in Akokala Creek, Glacier National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-10T09:54:39","indexId":"70155348","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2948,"text":"Open Fish Science Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A fine-scale assessment of using barriers to conserve native stream salmonids: a case study in Akokala Creek, Glacier National Park, USA","docAbstract":"Biologists are often faced with the difficult decision in managing native salmonids of where and when to install barriers as a conservation action to prevent upstream invasion of nonnative fishes. However, fine-scale approaches to assess long-term persistence of populations within streams and watersheds chosen for isolation management are often lacking. We employed a spatially-explicit approach to evaluate stream habitat conditions, relative abundance, and genetic diversity of native westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) within the Akokala Creek watershed in Glacier National Park- a population threatened by introgressive hybridization with nonnative rainbow trout (O. mykiss) from nearby sources. The systematic survey of 24 stream reaches showed broad overlap in fish population and suitable habitat characteristics among reaches and no natural barriers to fish migration were found. Analysis of population structure using 16 microsatellite loci showed modest amounts of genetic diversity among reaches, and that fish from Long Bow Creek were the only moderately distinct genetic group. We then used this information to assess the potential impacts of three barrier placement scenarios on long-term population persistence and genetic diversity. The two barrier placement scenarios in headwater areas generally failed to meet general persistence criteria for minimum population size (2,500 individuals, Ne = 500), maintenance of long-term genetic diversity (He), and no population subdivision. Conversely, placing a barrier near the stream mouth and selectively passing non-hybridized, migratory spawners entering Akokala Creek met all persistence criteria and may offer the best option to conserve native trout populations and life history diversity. Systematic, fine-scale stream habitat, fish distribution, and genetic assessments in streams chosen for barrier installation are needed in conjunction with broader scale assessments to understand the potential impacts of using barriers for conservation of native salmonid populations threatened by nonnative fish invasions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers","publisherLocation":"Hilversum","usgsCitation":"Muhlfeld, C.C., D'Angelo, V., Kalinowski, S., Landguth, E.L., Downs, C., Tohtz, J., and Kershner, J.L., 2012, A fine-scale assessment of using barriers to conserve native stream salmonids: a case study in Akokala Creek, Glacier National Park, USA: Open Fish Science Journal, v. 5, p. 9-20.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029972","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306523,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306522,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://connection.ebscohost.com/c/case-studies/80161559/fine-scale-assessment-using-barriers-conserve-native-stream-salmonids-case-study-akokala-creek-glacier-national-park-usa"}],"volume":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb2ee4b08400b1fdb6e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D'Angelo, Vincent S. vdangelo@usgs.gov","contributorId":4176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Angelo","given":"Vincent S.","email":"vdangelo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kalinowski, S.T.","contributorId":145870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalinowski","given":"S.T.","affiliations":[{"id":16274,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Ecology, Bozeman, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landguth, Erin L.","contributorId":69002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landguth","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Downs, C.C.","contributorId":145868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Downs","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16272,"text":"National Park Service, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tohtz, J.","contributorId":145869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tohtz","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16273,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, Kalispell, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kershner, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-7093-9860 jkershner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9860","contributorId":310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkershner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70118543,"text":"70118543 - 2012 - The Spar Lake strata-Bound Cu-Ag deposit formed across a mixing zone between trapped natural gas and metals-bearing brine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T10:47:33","indexId":"70118543","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:41:02","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Spar Lake strata-Bound Cu-Ag deposit formed across a mixing zone between trapped natural gas and metals-bearing brine","docAbstract":"Ore formation at the Spar Lake red bed-associated strata-bound Cu deposit took place across a mixing and reaction zone between a hot oxidized metals-transporting brine and a reservoir of “sour” (H2S-bearing) natural gas trapped in the host sandstones. Fluid inclusion volatile analyses have very high CH4 concentrations (≥1 mol % in most samples), and a sample from the fringe of the deposit has between 18 and 36 mol % CH4. The ratio of CH4/CO2 in fluid inclusions appears to vary regularly across the deposit, with the lowest CH4/CO2 ratios from high-grade chalcocite-bearing ore, and the highest from the chalcopyrite-bearing fringe. The helium R/Ra isotope ratios (0.23–0.98) and concentrations define a mixture between crustal and atmospheric helium. The volatiles in fluid inclusions (CH4, CO2, H2S, SO2, H2, H2O, and other organic gases) and values of fO2 and temperature calculated from the volatiles data all show gradations across the deposit that are completely consistent with such a mixing and reaction zone. Other volatiles from the fluid inclusions (HCl, HF, 3He, Msup>4He, N2, Ar) characterize the brine and give evidence for only shallow crustal fluids with no magmatic influences. The brine entered the gas reservoir from below and along the axis of the deposit and migrated out along bedding to the southwest, northeast, and northwest. Metals-transporting brines may have been fed into the host sandstones from the East Fault, but that remains uncertain.
\nAbundant ore-stage Fe and Mn calcite cements from the reduced fringe have δ13C values as low as −18.4‰, and many values less than −10‰, which indicate that significant carbonate was generated by oxidation of organic carbon from the natural gas. The zone of calcite cements with very low δ13C values approximately envelopes chalcocite-bearing ore.
\nSulfur isotope data of Cu, Pb, and Fe sulfides and barite indicate derivation of roughly half of the orebody sulfide directly from sour gas H2S. That sour gas H2S had developed in steps known from other sedimentary basins, starting with (1) bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) of seawater sulfate having δ34S of about 20‰ and sequestering of the sulfide in organic matter in source rocks stratigraphically below the deposit host rocks, followed by (2) maturation of the sulfide-bearing organic matter into liquid petroleum with relatively homogeneous sulfide having δ34S of 5 ± 5‰, then by (3) thermal cracking of the oil to CH4 and H2S with relatively homogeneous sulfide having δ34S closely distributed, about 6‰. The CH4 and H2S migrated and were trapped in sandstones of the upper member of the Revett Formation, where they were later met by the 200°C metals-transporting brine. There was additional contribution of sulfide to ore from later thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) operating on sulfate δ34S of 20 to 29‰ in both formation waters and metals-transporting solutions. A large range of δ34S in sulfides resulted as the 6‰ sour gas sulfide was supplemented with varying proportions of 20 to 29‰ sulfide from TSR.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","publisherLocation":"Lancaster, PA","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1223","usgsCitation":"Hayes, T.S., Landis, G.P., Whelan, J.F., Rye, R.O., and Moscati, R.J., 2012, The Spar Lake strata-Bound Cu-Ag deposit formed across a mixing zone between trapped natural gas and metals-bearing brine: Economic Geology, v. 107, no. 6, p. 1223-1249, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1223.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1223","endPage":"1249","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291272,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291271,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1223"}],"volume":"107","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Timothy S. thayes@usgs.gov","contributorId":1547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Timothy","email":"thayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landis, Gary P.","contributorId":72405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whelan, Joseph F.","contributorId":29792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rye, Robert O. rrye@usgs.gov","contributorId":1486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"Robert","email":"rrye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moscati, Richard J. 0000-0002-0818-4401 rmoscati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-4401","contributorId":2462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moscati","given":"Richard","email":"rmoscati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70118267,"text":"70118267 - 2012 - The effects of permafrost thaw on soil hydrologic, thermal, and carbon dynamics in an Alaskan peatland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T16:39:27","indexId":"70118267","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:38:23","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of permafrost thaw on soil hydrologic, thermal, and carbon dynamics in an Alaskan peatland","docAbstract":"Recent warming at high-latitudes has accelerated permafrost thaw in northern peatlands, and thaw can have profound effects on local hydrology and ecosystem carbon balance. To assess the impact of permafrost thaw on soil organic carbon (OC) dynamics, we measured soil hydrologic and thermal dynamics and soil OC stocks across a collapse-scar bog chronosequence in interior Alaska. We observed dramatic changes in the distribution of soil water associated with thawing of ice-rich frozen peat. The impoundment of warm water in collapse-scar bogs initiated talik formation and the lateral expansion of bogs over time. On average, Permafrost Plateaus stored 137 ± 37 kg C m-2, whereas OC storage in Young Bogs and Old Bogs averaged 84 ± 13 kg C m-2. Based on our reconstructions, the accumulation of OC in near-surface bog peat continued for nearly 1,000 years following permafrost thaw, at which point accumulation rates slowed. Rapid decomposition of thawed forest peat reduced deep OC stocks by nearly half during the first 100 years following thaw. Using a simple mass-balance model, we show that accumulation rates at the bog surface were not sufficient to balance deep OC losses, resulting in a net loss of OC from the entire peat column. An uncertainty analysis also revealed that the magnitude and timing of soil OC loss from thawed forest peat depends substantially on variation in OC input rates to bog peat and variation in decay constants for shallow and deep OC stocks. These findings suggest that permafrost thaw and the subsequent release of OC from thawed peat will likely reduce the strength of northern permafrost-affected peatlands as a carbon dioxide sink, and consequently, will likely accelerate rates of atmospheric warming.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s10021-011-9504-0","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, J.A., Jorgenson, M., Harden, J.W., McGuire, A., Kanevskiy, M.Z., and Wickland, K.P., 2012, The effects of permafrost thaw on soil hydrologic, thermal, and carbon dynamics in an Alaskan peatland: Ecosystems, v. 15, no. 2, p. 213-229, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9504-0.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"229","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-027728","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291122,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9504-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A. 0000-0001-7031-9808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-9808","contributorId":191423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":140457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[{"id":13506,"text":"Alaska Ecoscience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":496653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGuire, A. David","contributorId":18494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kanevskiy, Mikhail Z.","contributorId":199153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"Mikhail","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wickland, Kimberly P. 0000-0002-6400-0590 kpwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":1835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kimberly","email":"kpwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70039656,"text":"70039656 - 2012 - On modeling weak sinks in MODPATH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-30T10:35:22","indexId":"70039656","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:31:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On modeling weak sinks in MODPATH","docAbstract":"Regional groundwater flow systems often contain both strong sinks and weak sinks. A strong sink extracts water from the entire aquifer depth, while a weak sink lets some water pass underneath or over the actual sink. The numerical groundwater flow model MODFLOW may allow a sink cell to act as a strong or weak sink, hence extracting all water that enters the cell or allowing some of that water to pass. A physical strong sink can be modeled by either a strong sink cell or a weak sink cell, with the latter generally occurring in low resolution models. Likewise, a physical weak sink may also be represented by either type of sink cell. The representation of weak sinks in the particle tracing code MODPATH is more equivocal than in MODFLOW. With the appropriate parameterization of MODPATH, particle traces and their associated travel times to weak sink streams can be modeled with adequate accuracy, even in single layer models. Weak sink well cells, on the other hand, require special measures as proposed in the literature to generate correct particle traces and individual travel times and hence capture zones. We found that the transit time distributions for well water generally do not require special measures provided aquifer properties are locally homogeneous and the well draws water from the entire aquifer depth, an important observation for determining the response of a well to non-point contaminant inputs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00995.x","usgsCitation":"Abrams, D.B., Haitjema, H., and Kauffman, L.J., 2012, On modeling weak sinks in MODPATH: Ground Water, v. 51, no. 4, p. 597-602, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00995.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"597","endPage":"602","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-038474","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275561,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00995.x"}],"volume":"51","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e063e4b0cecbe8fa9894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abrams, Daniel B.","contributorId":45985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haitjema, Henk","contributorId":27769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haitjema","given":"Henk","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70118263,"text":"70118263 - 2012 - Bacterial and enchytraeid abundance accelerate soil carbon turnover along a lowland vegetation gradient in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-28T10:30:43","indexId":"70118263","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:29:04","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3416,"text":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacterial and enchytraeid abundance accelerate soil carbon turnover along a lowland vegetation gradient in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Boreal wetlands are characterized by a mosaic of plant communities, including forests, shrublands, grasslands, and fens, which are structured largely by changes in topography and water table position. The soil associated with these plant communities contain quantitatively and qualitatively different forms of soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrient availability that drive changes in biogeochemical cycling rates. Therefore different boreal plant communities likely contain different soil biotic communities which in turn affect rates of organic matter decomposition. We examined relationships between plant communities, microbial communities, enchytraeids, and soil C turnover in near-surface soils along a shallow topographic soil moisture and vegetation gradient in interior Alaska. We tested the hypothesis that as soil moisture increases along the gradient, surface soils would become increasingly dominated by bacteria and mesofauna and have more rapid rates of C turnover. We utilized bomb radiocarbon techniques to infer rates of C turnover and the 13C isotopic composition of SOM and respired CO2 to infer the degree of soil humification. Soil phenol oxidase and peroxidase enzyme activities were generally higher in the rich fen compared with the forest and bog birch sites. Results indicated greater C fluxes and more rapid C turnover in the surface soils of the fen sites compared to the wetland forest and shrub sites. Quantitative PCR analyses of soil bacteria and archaea, combined with enchytraeid counts, indicated that surface soils from the lowland fen ecosystems had higher abundances of these microbial and mesofaunal groups. Fungal abundance was highly variable and not significantly different among sites. Microbial data was utilized in a food web model that confirmed that rapidly cycling systems are dominated by bacterial activity and enchytraeid grazing. However, our results also suggest that oxidative enzymes play an important role in the C mineralization process in saturated systems, which has been often ignored.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Union of Soil Sciences","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.032","usgsCitation":"Waldrop, M., Harden, J.W., Turetsky, M., Petersen, D., McGuire, A., Briones, M., Churchill, A., Doctor, D., and Pruett, L., 2012, Bacterial and enchytraeid abundance accelerate soil carbon turnover along a lowland vegetation gradient in interior Alaska: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 50, p. 188-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.032.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"198","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291117,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291116,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.032"}],"volume":"50","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petersen, D.G.","contributorId":31687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Briones, M.J.I.","contributorId":27370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briones","given":"M.J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Churchill, Amber C.","contributorId":85100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Churchill","given":"Amber","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Doctor, D.H.","contributorId":94773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"D.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pruett, L.E.","contributorId":86982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pruett","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70038199,"text":"70038199 - 2012 - Root zone water quality model (RZWQM2): Model use, calibration and validation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-05T18:56:01.036463","indexId":"70038199","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:16:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3619,"text":"Transactions of the ASABE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Root zone water quality model (RZWQM2): Model use, calibration and validation","docAbstract":"The Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) has been used widely for simulating agricultural management effects on crop production and soil and water quality. Although it is a one-dimensional model, it has many desirable features for the modeling community. This article outlines the principles of calibrating the model component by component with one or more datasets and validating the model with independent datasets. Users should consult the RZWQM2 user manual distributed along with the model and a more detailed protocol on how to calibrate RZWQM2 provided in a book chapter. Two case studies (or examples) are included in this article. One is from an irrigated maize study in Colorado to illustrate the use of field and laboratory measured soil hydraulic properties on simulated soil water and crop production. It also demonstrates the interaction between soil and plant parameters in simulated plant responses to water stresses. The other is from a maize-soybean rotation study in Iowa to show a manual calibration of the model for crop yield, soil water, and N leaching in tile-drained soils. Although the commonly used trial-and-error calibration method works well for experienced users, as shown in the second example, an automated calibration procedure is more objective, as shown in the first example. Furthermore, the incorporation of the Parameter Estimation Software (PEST) into RZWQM2 made the calibration of the model more efficient than a grid (ordered) search of model parameters. In addition, PEST provides sensitivity and uncertainty analyses that should help users in selecting the right parameters to calibrate.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers","doi":"10.13031/2013.42252","usgsCitation":"Ma, L., Ahuja, L., Nolan, B.T., Malone, R., Trout, T., and Qi, Z., 2012, Root zone water quality model (RZWQM2): Model use, calibration and validation: Transactions of the ASABE, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1425-1446, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.42252.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1425","endPage":"1446","ipdsId":"IP-037029","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c969e4b009d47a4c23de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ma, Liwang","contributorId":6751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Liwang","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":463644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahuja, Lajpat","contributorId":100275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahuja","given":"Lajpat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolan, B. T.","contributorId":21565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malone, Robert","contributorId":28888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Trout, Thomas","contributorId":95785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trout","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Qi, Z.","contributorId":99870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70110900,"text":"70110900 - 2012 - The current state of modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-03T10:01:05","indexId":"70110900","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:59:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The current state of modeling","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00936.x","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., and Zheng, C., 2012, The current state of modeling: Ground Water, v. 50, no. 3, p. 329-333, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00936.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"333","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-035877","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287974,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00936.x"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"538eee9ee4b0d497d496854c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zheng, Chunmiao","contributorId":49233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"Chunmiao","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046096,"text":"70046096 - 2012 - The science, information, and engineering needed to manage water availability and quality in 2050","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T17:14:35.840593","indexId":"70046096","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:54:29","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"23","title":"The science, information, and engineering needed to manage water availability and quality in 2050","docAbstract":"This chapter explores four water resources issues: 1) hydrologic variability, hazards, water supply and ecosystem preservation; 2) urban landscape design; 3) non-point source water quality, and 4) climate change, resiliency, and nonstationarity. It also considers what science, technology, and engineering practice may be needed in the coming decades to sustain water supplies and ecosystems in the face of increasing stresses from a growing demand for water. Dealing with these four water resource issues in the highly uncertain future would will demand predictive models that are rooted in real-world data. In a non-stationary world, continuity of observations is crucial. All watersheds are influenced by human actions through changes in land use, water use, and climate. The focus of water planning and management between today and 2050 will depend more than ever on collection and analysis of long-term data to learn about the evolving state of the system, understanding ecosystem processes in the water and on the landscape, and finding innovative ways to manage water as a shared resource. This includes sharing water with our neighbors on the landscape, sharing with the other species that depend on water, and sharing with future generations.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Toward a sustainable water future: Visions for 2050","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/9780784412077.ch23","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., 2012, The science, information, and engineering needed to manage water availability and quality in 2050, chap. 23 of Toward a sustainable water future: Visions for 2050, p. 215-225, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784412077.ch23.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"225","ipdsId":"IP-017761","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276736,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52136e3ae4b0b08f4461993d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037991,"text":"70037991 - 2012 - Near-surface, marine seismic-reflection data defines potential hydrogeologic confinement bypass in a tertiary carbonate aquifer, southeastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-30T09:51:23","indexId":"70037991","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:34:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3317,"text":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-surface, marine seismic-reflection data defines potential hydrogeologic confinement bypass in a tertiary carbonate aquifer, southeastern Florida","docAbstract":"Approximately 210 km of near-surface, high-frequency, marine seismic-reflection data were acquired on the southeastern part of the Florida Platform between 2007 and 2011. Many high-resolution, seismic-reflection profiles, interpretable to a depth of about 730 m, were collected on the shallow-marine shelf of southeastern Florida in water as shallow as 1 m. Landward of the present-day shelf-margin slope, these data image middle Eocene to Pleistocene strata and Paleocene to Pleistocene strata on the Miami Terrace. This high-resolution data set provides an opportunity to evaluate geologic structures that cut across confining units of the Paleocene to Oligocene-age carbonate rocks that form the Floridan aquifer system.Seismic profiles image two structural systems, tectonic faults and karst collapse structures, which breach confining beds in the Floridan aquifer system. Both structural systems may serve as pathways for vertical groundwater flow across relatively low-permeability carbonate strata that separate zones of regionally extensive high-permeability rocks in the Floridan aquifer system. The tectonic faults occur as normal and reverse faults, and collapse-related faults have normal throw. The most common fault occurrence delineated on the reflection profiles is associated with karst collapse structures. These high-frequency seismic data are providing high quality structural analogs to unprecedented depths on the southeastern Florida Platform. The analogs can be used for assessment of confinement of other carbonate aquifers and the sealing potential of deeper carbonate rocks associated with reservoirs around the world.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/segam2012-0638.1","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, K.J., Walker, C., and Westcott, R., 2012, Near-surface, marine seismic-reflection data defines potential hydrogeologic confinement bypass in a tertiary carbonate aquifer, southeastern Florida: SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 2012, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2012-0638.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","ipdsId":"IP-037097","costCenters":[{"id":286,"text":"Florida Water Science Center-Ft. Lauderdale","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275557,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275556,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2012-0638.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.2109,25.1254 ], [ -81.2109,28.5942 ], [ -79.9365,28.5942 ], [ -79.9365,25.1254 ], [ -81.2109,25.1254 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e063e4b0cecbe8fa9885","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, Cameron","contributorId":81777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Cameron","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westcott, Richard L.","contributorId":71465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westcott","given":"Richard L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70103149,"text":"70103149 - 2012 - An exploratory investigation of the landscape-lake interface: Land cover controls over consumer N and C isotopic composition in Lake Michigan rivermouths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-29T09:34:10","indexId":"70103149","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:26:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An exploratory investigation of the landscape-lake interface: Land cover controls over consumer N and C isotopic composition in Lake Michigan rivermouths","docAbstract":"Rivermouth ecosystems are areas where tributary waters mix with lentic near-shore waters and provide habitat for many Laurentian Great Lakes fish and wildlife species. Rivermouths are the interface between terrestrial activities that influence rivers and the ecologically important nearshore. Stable isotopes of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) in consumers were measured from a range of rivermouths systems to address two questions: 1) What is the effect of rivermouth ecosystems and land cover on the isotopic composition of N available to rivermouth consumers? 2) Are rivermouth consumers composed of lake-like or river-like C? For question 1, data suggest that strong relationships between watershed agriculture and consumer N are weakened or eliminated at the rivermouth, in favor of stronger relationships between consumer N and depositional areas that may favor denitrification. For question 2, despite apparently large riverine inputs, consumers only occasionally appear river-like. More often consumers seem to incorporate large amounts of C from either the nearshore or primary production within the rivermouth itself. Rivermouths appear to be active C and N processing environments, thus necessitating their explicit incorporation into models estimating nearshore loading and possibly contributing to their importance to Great Lakes biota.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.016","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Richardson, W.B., Vallazza, J.M., and Nelson, J., 2012, An exploratory investigation of the landscape-lake interface: Land cover controls over consumer N and C isotopic composition in Lake Michigan rivermouths: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 38, no. 4, p. 610-619, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.016.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"610","endPage":"619","ipdsId":"IP-032168","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286750,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.016"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0434,41.6089 ], [ -88.0434,46.1024 ], [ -84.7385,46.1024 ], [ -84.7385,41.6089 ], [ -88.0434,41.6089 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5360c9e1e4b082a3ecf53dda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vallazza, Jonathan M. jvallazza@usgs.gov","contributorId":3651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallazza","given":"Jonathan","email":"jvallazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, J. C. 0000-0002-7105-0107 jcnelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-0107","contributorId":459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J. C.","email":"jcnelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046349,"text":"70046349 - 2012 - The native Florida Green Watersnak, Nerodia floridana (Goff 1936) , preying upon the nonindigenous African Jewelfish, Hemichromis letourneuxi Sauvage 1880, in Florida.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-22T09:30:30","indexId":"70046349","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:18:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1951,"text":"IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The native Florida Green Watersnak, Nerodia floridana (Goff 1936) , preying upon the nonindigenous African Jewelfish, Hemichromis letourneuxi Sauvage 1880, in Florida.","docAbstract":"No abstract available","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Reptile Conservation Foundation","usgsCitation":"Krysko, K.L., Walsh, S.J., and Robins, R.H., 2012, The native Florida Green Watersnak, Nerodia floridana (Goff 1936) , preying upon the nonindigenous African Jewelfish, Hemichromis letourneuxi Sauvage 1880, in Florida.: IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians, v. 19, no. 3, p. 161-162.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"2","ipdsId":"IP-039666","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.6349,24.5211 ], [ -87.6349,31.001 ], [ -80.0311,31.001 ], [ -80.0311,24.5211 ], [ -87.6349,24.5211 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51ee546ae4b00ffbed48f902","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krysko, Kenneth L.","contributorId":31656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krysko","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walsh, Stephen J. 0000-0002-1009-8537 swalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-8537","contributorId":1456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Stephen","email":"swalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robins, Robert H.","contributorId":38455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robins","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047107,"text":"70047107 - 2012 - Synthesis of benthic flux components in the Patos Lagooncoastal zone, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-16T10:00:51","indexId":"70047107","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:03:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesis of benthic flux components in the Patos Lagooncoastal zone, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil","docAbstract":"The primary objective of this work is to synthesize components of benthic flux in the Patos Lagoon coastal zone, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Specifically, the component of benthic discharge flux forced by the terrestrial hydraulic gradient is 0.8 m3 d-1; components of benthic discharge and recharge flux associated with the groundwater tidal prism are both 2.1 m3 d-1; components of benthic discharge and recharge flux forced by surface-gravity wave setup are both 6.3 m3 d-1; the component of benthic discharge flux that transports radium-228 is 350 m3 d-1; and components of benthic discharge and recharge flux forced by surface-gravity waves propagating over a porous medium are both 1400 m3 d-1. (All models are normalized per meter shoreline.) Benthic flux is a function of components forced by individual mechanisms and nonlinear interactions that exist between components. Constructive and destructive interference may enhance or diminish the contribution of benthic flux components. It may not be possible to model benthic flux by summing component magnitudes. Geochemical tracer techniques may not accurately model benthic discharge flux or submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). A conceptual model provides a framework on which to quantitatively characterize benthic discharge flux and SGD with a multifaceted approach.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011WR011477","usgsCitation":"King, J., 2012, Synthesis of benthic flux components in the Patos Lagooncoastal zone, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. 12, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011477.","productDescription":"10 p.","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-042859","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275264,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275143,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2011WR011477/abstract"},{"id":275142,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011477"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Patos Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -52.2568,-32.1891 ], [ -52.2568,-30.3187 ], [ -50.6791,-30.3187 ], [ -50.6791,-32.1891 ], [ -52.2568,-32.1891 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"48","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51efa5f8e4b0b09fbe58f1fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Jeffrey N. jking@usgs.gov","contributorId":2117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Jeffrey N.","email":"jking@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047395,"text":"70047395 - 2012 - Sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Idaho cobalt belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T11:25:55","indexId":"70047395","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T08:58:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Idaho cobalt belt","docAbstract":"Cobalt-copper ± gold deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt, including the deposits of the Blackbird district, have been analyzed for their sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope compositions to improve the understanding of ore formation. Previous genetic hypotheses have ranged widely, linking the ores to the sedimentary or diagenetic history of the host Mesoproterozoic sedimentary rocks, to Mesoproterozoic or Cretaceous magmatism, or to metamorphic shearing. The δ34S values are nearly uniform throughout the Blackbird dis- trict, with a mean value for cobaltite (CoAsS, the main cobalt mineral) of 8.0 ± 0.4‰ (n = 19). The data suggest that (1) sulfur was derived at least partly from sedimentary sources, (2) redox reactions involving sulfur were probably unimportant for ore deposition, and (3) the sulfur was probably transported to sites of ore for- mation as H2S. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions of the ore-forming fluid, which are calculated from analyses of biotite-rich wall rocks and tourmaline, do not uniquely identify the source of the fluid; plausible sources include formation waters, metamorphic waters, and mixtures of magmatic and isotopically heavy meteoric waters. The calculated compositions are a poor match for the modified seawaters that form vol- canogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of siderite, a mineral that is widespread, although sparse, at Blackbird, suggest formation from mixtures of sedimentary organic carbon and magmatic-metamorphic carbon. The isotopic compositions of calcite in alkaline dike rocks of uncertain age are consistent with a magmatic origin. Several lines of evidence suggest that siderite postdated the emplacement of cobalt and copper, so its significance for the ore-forming event is uncertain. From the stable isotope perspective, the mineral deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt contrast with typical VMS and sedimentary exhalative deposits. They show characteristics of deposit types that form in deeper environments and could be related to metamorphic processes or magmatic processes, although the isotopic evidence for magmatic components is relatively weak.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1207","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., Bookstrom, A.A., and Slack, J.F., 2012, Sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Idaho cobalt belt: Economic Geology, v. 107, no. 6, p. 1207-1221, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1207.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1207","endPage":"1221","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-028411","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275993,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1207"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho Cobalt Belt","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.7502,44.9628 ], [ -114.7502,45.3514 ], [ -113.812,45.3514 ], [ -113.812,44.9628 ], [ -114.7502,44.9628 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"107","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c969e4b009d47a4c23e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bookstrom, Arthur A. 0000-0003-1336-3364 abookstrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-3364","contributorId":1542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookstrom","given":"Arthur","email":"abookstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046838,"text":"70046838 - 2012 - Changing climate, changing forests: the impacts of climate change on forests of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-21T08:55:09","indexId":"70046838","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T08:36:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NRS-99","title":"Changing climate, changing forests: the impacts of climate change on forests of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada","docAbstract":"Decades of study on climatic change and its direct and indirect effects on forest ecosystems provide important insights for forest science, management, and policy. A synthesis of recent research from the northeastern United States and eastern Canada shows that the climate of the region has become warmer and wetter over the past 100 years and that there are more extreme precipitation events. Greater change is projected in the future. The amount of projected future change depends on the emissions scenarios used. Tree species composition of northeast forests has shifted slowly in response to climate for thousands of years. However, current human-accelerated climate change is much more rapid and it is unclear how forests will respond to large changes in suitable habitat. Projections indicate significant declines in suitable habitat for spruce-fir forests and expansion of suitable habitat for oak-dominated forests. Productivity gains that might result from extended growing seasons and carbon dioxide and nitrogen fertilization may be offset by productivity losses associated with the disruption of species assemblages and concurrent stresses associated with potential increases in atmospheric deposition of pollutants, forest fragmentation, and nuisance species. Investigations of links to water and nutrient cycling suggest that changes in evapotranspiration, soil respiration, and mineralization rates could result in significant alterations of key ecosystem processes. Climate change affects the distribution and abundance of many wildlife species in the region through changes in habitat, food availability, thermal tolerances, species interactions such as competition, and susceptibility to parasites and disease. Birds are the most studied northeastern taxa. Twenty-seven of the 38 bird species for which we have adequate long-term records have expanded their ranges predominantly in a northward direction. There is some evidence to suggest that novel species, including pests and pathogens, may be more adept at adjusting to changing climatic conditions, enhancing their competitive ability relative to native species. With the accumulating evidence of climate change and its potential effects, forest stewardship efforts would benefit from integrating climate mitigation and adaptation options in conservation and management plans.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station","publisherLocation":"Newtown Square, PA","usgsCitation":"Rustad, L., Campbell, J., Dukes, J.S., Huntington, T., Lambert, K.F., Mohan, J., and Rodenhouse, N., 2012, Changing climate, changing forests: the impacts of climate change on forests of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada: General Technical Report NRS-99, 48 p.","productDescription":"48 p.","numberOfPages":"56","ipdsId":"IP-037757","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276835,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/41165"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Connecticut;Labrador;Maine;Massachusetts;New Brunswick;Newfoundland;New Hampshire;New York;Nova Scotia;Quebec;Rhode Island;Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Northeast Forests","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.85,40.58 ], [ -79.85,62.58 ], [ -52.4,62.58 ], [ -52.4,40.58 ], [ -79.85,40.58 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5215e15fe4b02034073ad3eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rustad, Lindsey","contributorId":73493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rustad","given":"Lindsey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, John","contributorId":53283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dukes, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":61331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dukes","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas 0000-0002-9427-3530","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":81005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lambert, Kathy Fallon","contributorId":19463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"Fallon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mohan, Jacqueline","contributorId":62924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohan","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rodenhouse, Nicholas","contributorId":64148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodenhouse","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}