{"pageNumber":"696","pageRowStart":"17375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70157507,"text":"70157507 - 2012 - Mercury cycling in terrestrial watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T17:39:20.148639","indexId":"70157507","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Mercury cycling in terrestrial watersheds","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter discusses mercury cycling in the terrestrial landscape, including inputs from the atmosphere, accumulation in soils and vegetation, outputs in streamflow and volatilization, and effects of land disturbance. Mercury mobility in the terrestrial landscape is strongly controlled by organic matter. About 90% of the atmospheric mercury input is retained in vegetation and organic matter in soils, causing a buildup of legacy mercury. Some mercury is volatilized back to the atmosphere, but most export of mercury from watersheds occurs by streamflow. Stream mercury export is episodic, in association with dissolved and particulate organic carbon, as stormflow and snowmelt flush organic-rich shallow soil horizons. The terrestrial landscape is thus a major source of mercury to downstream aquatic environments, where mercury is methylated and enters the aquatic food web. With ample organic matter and sulfur, methylmercury forms in uplands as well&mdash;in wetlands, riparian zones, and other anoxic sites. Watershed features (topography, land cover type, and soil drainage class) are often more important than atmospheric mercury deposition in controlling the amount of stream mercury and methylmercury export. While reductions in atmospheric mercury deposition may rapidly benefit lakes, the terrestrial landscape will respond only over decades, because of the large stock and slow turnover of legacy mercury. We conclude with a discussion of future scenarios and the challenge of managing terrestrial mercury.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mercury in the environment: Pattern and process","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of California Press","publisherLocation":"Berkeley, CA","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., and Bishop, K., 2012, Mercury cycling in terrestrial watersheds, chap. <i>of</i> Mercury in the environment: Pattern and process, p. 119-142.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"142","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030923","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56051ed9e4b058f706e512f1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Banks, Michael S.","contributorId":147939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banks","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573379,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bishop, Kevin","contributorId":147940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bishop","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157500,"text":"70157500 - 2012 - Recent changes in successional state of the deep-water fish communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario and management implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-03T14:27:09.566261","indexId":"70157500","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Recent changes in successional state of the deep-water fish communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario and management implications","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Lakes fisheries policy and management: A binational perspective","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Michigan State University Press","publisherLocation":"East Lansing, MI","usgsCitation":"Eshenroder, R., and Lantry, B.F., 2012, Recent changes in successional state of the deep-water fish communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario and management implications, chap. <i>of</i> Great Lakes fisheries policy and management: A binational perspective, p. 137-165.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"165","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308571,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Huron, Lake Michigan, Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.63130053312813,\n              41.53402599999444\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.2581145500024,\n    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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573350,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leonard, Nancy J.","contributorId":107528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573351,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Eshenroder, Randy L.","contributorId":86716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eshenroder","given":"Randy L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lantry, Brian F. 0000-0001-8797-3910 bflantry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-3910","contributorId":3435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantry","given":"Brian","email":"bflantry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science 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,{"id":70157172,"text":"70157172 - 2012 - Thermal infrared remote sensing of water temperature in riverine landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:20:55","indexId":"70157172","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Thermal infrared remote sensing of water temperature in riverine landscapes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water temperature in riverine landscapes is an important regional indicator of water quality that is influenced by both ground- and surface-water inputs, and indirectly by land use in the surrounding watershed (Brown and Krygier, 1970; Beschta et al., 1987; Chen et al., 1998; Poole and Berman, 2001).Coldwater fishes such as salmon and trout are sensitive to elevated water temperature; therefore, water temperature must meet management guidelines and quality standards, which aim to create a healthy environment for endangered populations (McCullough et al., 2009). For example, in the USA, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established water quality standards to identify specific temperature criteria to protect coldwater fishes (Environmental Protection Agency, 2003). Trout and salmon can survive in cool-water refugia even when temperatures at other measurement locations are at or above the recommended maximums (Ebersole et al., 2001; Baird and Krueger, 2003; High et al., 2006). Spatially extensive measurements of water temperature are necessary to locate these refugia, to identify the location of ground- and surface-water inputs to the river channel, and to identify thermal pollution sources. Regional assessment of water temperature in streams and rivers has been limited by sparse sampling in both space and time. Water temperature has typically been measured using a network of widely distributed instream gages, which record the temporal change of the bulk, or kinetic, temperature of the water (Tk) at specific locations. For example, the State of Washington (USA) recorded water quality conditions at 76 stations within the Puget Lowlands eco region, which contains 12,721 km of streams and rivers (Washington Department of Ecology, 1998). Such gages are sparsely distributed, are typically located only in larger streams and rivers, and give limited information about the spatial distribution of water temperature.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fluvial remote sensing for science and management","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publisherLocation":"Chichester; Hoboken","usgsCitation":"Handcock, R.N., Torgersen, C., Cherkauer, K., Gillespie, A.R., Klement, T., Faux, R.N., and Tan, J., 2012, Thermal infrared remote sensing of water temperature in riverine landscapes, chap. <i>of</i> Fluvial remote sensing for science and management, p. 85-113.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"113","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308075,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb70de4b058f706e53f31","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carbonneau, Patrice E.","contributorId":147604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carbonneau","given":"Patrice","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572133,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piégay, Hervé","contributorId":147605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piégay","given":"Hervé","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572134,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Handcock, Rebecca N.","contributorId":147606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Handcock","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":48143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cherkauer, Keith A.","contributorId":73736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkauer","given":"Keith A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillespie, Alan R.","contributorId":147607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klement, Tockner","contributorId":147608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klement","given":"Tockner","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Faux, Russell N.","contributorId":146937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faux","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":16760,"text":"Watershed Sciences, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tan, Jing","contributorId":147609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Jing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70182181,"text":"70182181 - 2012 - Wildfire impacts on soil-water retention in the Colorado Front Range, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-20T11:37:54","indexId":"70182181","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wildfire impacts on soil-water retention in the Colorado Front Range, United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>This work examined the plot-scale differences in soil-water retention caused by wildfire in the area of the 2010 Fourmile Canyon Fire in the Colorado Front Range, United States. We measured soil-water retention curves on intact cores and repacked samples, soil particle-size distributions, and organic matter content. Estimates were also made of plant-available water based on the soil-water retention curves. Parameters for use in soil-hydraulic property models were estimated; these parameters can be used in unsaturated flow modeling for comparing burned and unburned watersheds. The primary driver for measured differences in soil-water retention in burned and unburned soils was organic matter content and not soil-particle size distribution. The tendency for unburned south-facing soils to have greater organic matter content than unburned north-facing soils in this field area may explain why unburned south-facing soils had greater soil-water retention than unburned north-facing soils. Our results suggest that high-severity wildfire can “homogenize” soil-water retention across the landscape by erasing soil-water retention differences resulting from organic matter content, which for this site may be affected by slope aspect. This homogenization could have important implications for ecohydrology and plant succession/recovery in burned areas, which could be a factor in dictating the window of vulnerability of the landscape to flash floods and erosion that are a common consequence of wildfire.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/2012WR012362","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., 2012, Wildfire impacts on soil-water retention in the Colorado Front Range, United States: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. 12, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012362.","productDescription":"W12515; 12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-042044","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012wr012362","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","volume":"48","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ac0e31e4b0ce4410e7d60c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":2557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70182233,"text":"70182233 - 2012 - Prevalence, environmental loading, and molecular characterization of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>Giardia</i isolates from domestic and wild animals along the Central California Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T13:53:53","indexId":"70182233","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence, environmental loading, and molecular characterization of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>Giardia</i isolates from domestic and wild animals along the Central California Coast","docAbstract":"<p><span>The risk of disease transmission from waterborne protozoa is often dependent on the origin (e.g., domestic animals versus wildlife), overall parasite load in contaminated waterways, and parasite genotype, with infections being linked to runoff or direct deposition of domestic animal and wildlife feces. Fecal samples collected from domestic animals and wildlife along the central California coast were screened to (i) compare the prevalence and associated risk factors for fecal shedding of </span><span id=\"named-content-3\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Cryptosporidium</span><span> and </span><span id=\"named-content-4\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Giardia</span><span> species parasites, (ii) evaluate the relative importance of animal host groups that contribute to pathogen loading in coastal ecosystems, and (iii) characterize zoonotic and host-specific genotypes. Overall, 6% of fecal samples tested during 2007 to 2010 were positive for </span><span id=\"named-content-5\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Cryptosporidium</span><span> oocysts and 15% were positive for </span><span id=\"named-content-6\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Giardia</span><span> cysts. Animal host group and age class were significantly associated with detection of </span><span id=\"named-content-7\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Cryptosporidium</span><span> and </span><span id=\"named-content-8\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Giardia</span><span> parasites in animal feces. Fecal loading analysis revealed that infected beef cattle potentially contribute the greatest parasite load relative to other host groups, followed by wild canids. Beef cattle, however, shed host-specific, minimally zoonotic </span><span id=\"named-content-9\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Cryptosporidium</span><span> and </span><span id=\"named-content-10\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Giardia duodenalis</span><span> genotypes, whereas wild canids shed potentially zoonotic genotypes, including </span><span id=\"named-content-11\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">G. duodenalis</span><span> assemblages A and B. Given that the parasite genotypes detected in cattle were not zoonotic, the public health risk posed by protozoan parasite shedding in cattle feces may be lower than that posed by other animals, such as wild canids, that routinely shed zoonotic genotypes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.02422-12","usgsCitation":"Oates, S., Miller, M.A., Hardin, D., Conrad, P.A., Melli, A., Jessup, D.A., Dominik, C., Roug, A., Tinker, M.T., and Miller, W.A., 2012, Prevalence, environmental loading, and molecular characterization of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>Giardia</i isolates from domestic and wild animals along the Central California Coast: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 78, no. 24, p. 8762-8772, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02422-12.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"8762","endPage":"8772","ipdsId":"IP-082113","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02422-12","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336118,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Monterey Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.23114013671875,\n              36.50190922765839\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.695556640625,\n              36.50190922765839\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.695556640625,\n              37.03106210011894\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23114013671875,\n              37.03106210011894\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23114013671875,\n              36.50190922765839\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b002c7e4b01ccd54fb27d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oates, Stori C","contributorId":181935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oates","given":"Stori C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Melissa A.","contributorId":57701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39007,"text":"CA Dept of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":670095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hardin, Dane","contributorId":181936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardin","given":"Dane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conrad, Patricia A.","contributorId":181937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conrad","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melli, Ann","contributorId":181938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melli","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jessup, David A.","contributorId":96226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jessup","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":670099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dominik, Clare","contributorId":181939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dominik","given":"Clare","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roug, Annette","contributorId":181940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roug","given":"Annette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miller, Woutrina A.","contributorId":181941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Woutrina","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70189905,"text":"70189905 - 2012 - Comparison of electrical conductivity calculation methods for natural waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T16:49:02","indexId":"70189905","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of electrical conductivity calculation methods for natural waters","docAbstract":"The capability of eleven methods to calculate the electrical conductivity of a wide range of natural waters from their chemical composition was investigated. A brief summary of each method is presented including equations to calculate the conductivities of individual ions, the ions incorporated, and the method's limitations. The ability of each method to reliably predict the conductivity depends on the ions included, effective accounting of ion pairing, and the accuracy of the equation used to estimate the ionic conductivities. The performances of the methods were evaluated by calculating the conductivity of 33 environmentally important electrolyte solutions, 41 U.S. Geological Survey standard reference water samples, and 1593 natural water samples. The natural waters tested include acid mine waters, geothermal waters, seawater, dilute mountain waters, and river water impacted by municipal waste water. The three most recent conductivity methods predict the conductivity of natural waters better than other methods. Two of the recent methods can be used to reliably calculate the conductivity for samples with pH values greater than about 3 and temperatures between 0 and 40°C. One method is applicable to a variety of natural water types with a range of pH from 1 to 10, temperature from 0 to 95°C, and ionic strength up to 1 m.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.4319/lom.2012.10.952","usgsCitation":"McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., and Ryan, J.N., 2012, Comparison of electrical conductivity calculation methods for natural waters: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v. 10, no. 11, p. 952-967, https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2012.10.952.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"952","endPage":"967","ipdsId":"IP-036397","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474633,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2012.10.952","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5984364be4b0e2f5d46653e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70180386,"text":"70180386 - 2012 - Relationships between Δ<sup>14</sup>C and the molecular quality of dissolved organic carbon in rivers draining to the coast from the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-30T10:40:14","indexId":"70180386","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between Δ<sup>14</sup>C and the molecular quality of dissolved organic carbon in rivers draining to the coast from the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in natural waters possesses chemical and molecular qualities indicative of its source and age. The apportionment of DOC by age into millennial and decadal pools is necessary to understand the temporal connection between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the global carbon cycle. We measured Δ</span><sup>14</sup><span>C-DOC and chemical composition indices (specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA</span><sub>254</sub><span>), fluorescence index (FI), hydrophobic organic acid fraction (HPOA) content) for 15 large river basins in the conterminous United States. Across all rivers the average proportion of HPOA in DOC correlated strongly with SUVA</span><sub>254</sub><span> (r</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.93 p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.001). Individual Δ</span><sup>14</sup><span>C-DOC ranged from a low of −92.9‰ (726 y.b.p.) in the Colorado River to 73.4‰ (&gt;Modern) in the Altamaha River for the year 2009. When adjusted by total discharge, these U.S. Rivers export modern carbon at between 34 and 46‰, a signal dominated by the Mississippi River. The variation in Δ</span><sup>14</sup><span>C correlates to indices of the aromaticity of the DOC measured by the SUVA</span><sub>254</sub><span> (r</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.87, p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.001), and FI (r</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.6; p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.001) as well as differences in annual river discharge (r</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.46, p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.006). SUVA</span><sub>254</sub><span> was further correlated to broad scale vegetation phenology estimated from the Enhanced Vegetation Index derived from the NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS). We show that basins with high discharge, high proportions of vegetation cover, and low human population densities export DOC enriched in aromatic material that corresponds to recently fixed atmospheric CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>. Conversely old DOC is exported from low discharge watersheds draining arid regions, and watersheds more strongly impacted by humans. The potential influence from fossil carbon from human inputs to aquatic systems may be important and requires more research.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/2012GB004361","usgsCitation":"Butman, D., Raymond, P.A., Butler, K.D., and Aiken, G.R., 2012, Relationships between Δ<sup>14</sup>C and the molecular quality of dissolved organic carbon in rivers draining to the coast from the conterminous United States: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 26, no. 4, GB4014; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GB004361.","productDescription":"GB4014; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-036932","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012gb004361","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":334292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58905ef2e4b072a7ac0cad3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, David 0000-0003-3520-7426 dbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-7426","contributorId":174187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"David","email":"dbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raymond, Peter A.","contributorId":172876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raymond","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17883,"text":"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, CT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":661486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. 0000-0001-9604-4603 kebutler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4603","contributorId":178885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70187481,"text":"70187481 - 2012 - An application and extension of the constraints–effects–mitigation model to Minnesota waterfowl hunting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T11:21:10","indexId":"70187481","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1909,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An application and extension of the constraints–effects–mitigation model to Minnesota waterfowl hunting","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study extends modeling work on the leisure constraint negotiation process from physically active leisure and celebrity fandom to hunting. We test a model derived from the constraints–effects–mitigation model of leisure participation. The model is examined in the context of continued Minnesota waterfowl hunting among a sample of Minnesota residents who purchased a North Dakota waterfowl stamp. Results are from a mail survey conducted in 2006. In our modeling, successful constraint negotiation fully mediated the constraints–participation relationship, while involvement had both direct and indirect effects on participation. Hunter motivation was positively related to involvement. Results advance understanding of the relationships among factors that influence leisure participation, and suggest that constraint negotiation may differ among recreation activities with different participant profiles.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2012.650317","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, S., Fulton, D.C., Lawrence, J.S., and Cordts, S.D., 2012, An application and extension of the constraints–effects–mitigation model to Minnesota waterfowl hunting: Human Dimensions of Wildlife, v. 17, no. 3, p. 174-192, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2012.650317.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"192","ipdsId":"IP-035094","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591183b9e4b0e541a03c1a88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Susan A.","contributorId":78235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Susan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887 dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":171470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cordts, Steven D.","contributorId":171471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cordts","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189575,"text":"70189575 - 2012 - Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:41:04","indexId":"70189575","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>Using fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) we characterized and modeled the fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in samples from the Penobscot River, Androscoggin River, Penobscot Bay, and the Gulf of Maine (GoM). We analyzed excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) using an existing PARAFAC model (</span>Cory and McKnight, 2005<span>) and created a system-specific model with seven components (GoM PARAFAC). The GoM PARAFAC model contained six components similar to those in other PARAFAC models and one unique component with a spectrum similar to a residual found using the<span>&nbsp;</span></span>Cory and McKnight (2005)<span><span>&nbsp;</span>model. The unique component was abundant in samples from the Androscoggin River immediately downstream of a pulp mill effluent release site. The detection of a PARAFAC component associated with an anthropogenic source of DOM, such as pulp mill effluent, demonstrates the importance for rigorously analyzing PARAFAC residuals and developing system-specific models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.040","usgsCitation":"Cawley, K.M., Butler, K.D., Aiken, G.R., Larsen, L., Huntington, T.G., and McKnight, D.M., 2012, Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 64, no. 8, p. 1678-1687, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.040.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1678","endPage":"1687","ipdsId":"IP-036937","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.533203125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.533203125,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca7e4b0d1f9f0627583","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cawley, Kaelin M.","contributorId":194765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cawley","given":"Kaelin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. kebutler@usgs.gov","contributorId":3283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larsen, Laurel G. lglarsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Laurel G.","email":"lglarsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189082,"text":"70189082 - 2012 - Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:41:14","indexId":"70189082","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>A unique 30-year streamwater chemistry data set from a mineralized alpine watershed with naturally acidic, metal-rich water displays dissolved concentrations of Zn and other metals of ecological concern increasing by 100–400% (400–2000 μg/L) during low-flow months, when metal concentrations are highest. SO</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and other major ions show similar increases. A lack of natural or anthropogenic land disturbances in the watershed during the study period suggests that climate change is the underlying cause. Local mean annual and mean summer air temperatures have increased at a rate of 0.2–1.2 °C/decade since the 1980s. Other climatic and hydrologic indices, including stream discharge during low-flow months, do not display statistically significant trends. Consideration of potential specific causal mechanisms driven by rising temperatures suggests that melting of permafrost and falling water tables (from decreased recharge) are probable explanations for the increasing concentrations. The prospect of future widespread increases in dissolved solutes from mineralized watersheds is concerning given likely negative impacts on downstream ecosystems and water resources, and complications created for the establishment of attainable remediation objectives at mine sites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACU Publications","doi":"10.1021/es3020056","usgsCitation":"Todd, A., Manning, A.H., Verplanck, P.L., Crouch, C., McKnight, D.M., and Dunham, R., 2012, Climate-change-driven deterioration of water quality in a mineralized watershed: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 17, p. 9324-9332, https://doi.org/10.1021/es3020056.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"9324","endPage":"9332","ipdsId":"IP-039673","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c7e4b0d1f9f05067e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, Andrew atodd@usgs.gov","contributorId":149790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Andrew","email":"atodd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crouch, Caitlin","contributorId":194025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crouch","given":"Caitlin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunham, Ryan","contributorId":194026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunham","given":"Ryan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189578,"text":"70189578 - 2012 - Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-17T16:51:31","indexId":"70189578","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ratio of copper to dissolved organic matter (DOM) is known to affect the strength of copper binding by DOM, but previous methods to determine the Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding strength have generally not measured binding constants over the same Cu:DOM ratios. In this study, we used a competitive ligand exchange–solid-phase extraction (CLE-SPE) method to determine conditional stability constants for Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding at pH 6.6 and 0.01 M ionic strength over a range of Cu:DOM ratios that bridge the detection windows of copper-ion-selective electrode and voltammetry measurements. As the Cu:DOM ratio increased from 0.0005 to 0.1 mg of Cu/mg of DOM, the measured conditional binding constant (</span><sup>c</sup><i>K</i><sub>CuDOM</sub><span>) decreased from 10</span><sup>11.5</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10</span><sup>5.6</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>M</span><sup>–1</sup><span>. A comparison of the binding constants measured by CLE-SPE with those measured by copper-ion-selective electrode and voltammetry demonstrates that the Cu:DOM ratio is an important factor controlling Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding strength even for DOM isolates of different types and different sources and for whole water samples. The results were modeled with Visual MINTEQ and compared to results from the biotic ligand model (BLM). The BLM was found to over-estimate Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>at low total copper concentrations and under-estimate Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>at high total copper concentrations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es301015p","usgsCitation":"Craven, A.M., Aiken, G.R., and Ryan, J.N., 2012, Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 18, p. 9948-9955, https://doi.org/10.1021/es301015p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"9948","endPage":"9955","ipdsId":"IP-036934","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca6e4b0d1f9f062757f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craven, Alison M.","contributorId":194767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craven","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70189192,"text":"70189192 - 2012 - Humic acid facilitates the transport of ARS-labeled hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in iron oxyhydroxide-coated sand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T13:49:19","indexId":"70189192","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Humic acid facilitates the transport of ARS-labeled hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in iron oxyhydroxide-coated sand","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAP) have been widely used to remediate soil and wastewater contaminated with metals and radionuclides. However, our understanding of nHAP transport and fate is limited in natural environments that exhibit significant variability in solid and solution chemistry. The transport and retention kinetics of Alizarin red S (ARS)-labeled nHAP were investigated in water-saturated packed columns that encompassed a range of humic acid concentrations (HA, 0–10 mg L</span><sup>–1</sup><span>), fractional surface coverage of iron oxyhydroxide coatings on sand grains (λ, 0–0.75), and pH (6.0–10.5). HA was found to have a marked effect on the electrokinetic properties of ARS-nHAP, and on the transport and retention of ARS-nHAP in granular media. The transport of ARS-nHAP was found to increase with increasing HA concentration because of enhanced colloidal stability and the reduced aggregate size. When HA = 10 mg L</span><sup>–1</sup><span>, greater ARS-nHAP attachment occurred with increasing λ because of increased electrostatic attraction between negatively charged nanoparticles and positively charged iron oxyhydroxides, although alkaline conditions (pH 8.0 and 10.5) reversed the surface charge of the iron oxyhydroxides and therefore decreased deposition. The retention profiles of ARS-nHAP exhibited a hyperexponential shape for all test conditions, suggesting some unfavorable attachment conditions. Retarded breakthrough curves occurred in sands with iron oxyhydroxide coatings because of time-dependent occupation of favorable deposition sites. Consideration of the above effects is necessary to improve remediation efficiency of nHAP for metals and actinides in soils and subsurface environments.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es203784u","usgsCitation":"Wang, D., Bradford, S.A., Harvey, R.W., Gao, B., Cang, L., and Zhou, D., 2012, Humic acid facilitates the transport of ARS-labeled hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in iron oxyhydroxide-coated sand: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 5, p. 2738-2745, https://doi.org/10.1021/es203784u.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2738","endPage":"2745","ipdsId":"IP-035826","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343424,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c46e4b0d1f9f057e37a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Dengjun","contributorId":194256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Dengjun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, Scott A.","contributorId":194257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradford","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gao, Bin","contributorId":194198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gao","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cang, Long","contributorId":194332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cang","given":"Long","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhou, Dongmei","contributorId":194259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhou","given":"Dongmei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189201,"text":"70189201 - 2012 - VS2DI: Model use, calibration, and validation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T17:01:11","indexId":"70189201","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3619,"text":"Transactions of the ASABE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"VS2DI: Model use, calibration, and validation","docAbstract":"<p><span>VS2DI is a software package for simulating water, solute, and heat transport through soils or other porous media under conditions of variable saturation. The package contains a graphical preprocessor for constructing simulations, a postprocessor for displaying simulation results, and numerical models that solve for flow and solute transport (VS2DT) and flow and heat transport (VS2DH). Flow is described by the Richards equation, and solute and heat transport are described by advection-dispersion equations; the finite-difference method is used to solve these equations. Problems can be simulated in one, two, or three (assuming radial symmetry) dimensions. This article provides an overview of calibration techniques that have been used with VS2DI; included is a detailed description of calibration procedures used in simulating the interaction between groundwater and a stream fed by drainage from agricultural fields in central Indiana. Brief descriptions of VS2DI and the various types of problems that have been addressed with the software package are also presented.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASABE","doi":"10.13031/2013.42238","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., and Essaid, H.I., 2012, VS2DI: Model use, calibration, and validation: Transactions of the ASABE, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1249-1260, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.42238.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1249","endPage":"1260","ipdsId":"IP-034395","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343374,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595dfab9e4b0d1f9f056a7b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Essaid, Hedeff I. 0000-0003-0154-8628 hiessaid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8628","contributorId":2284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"Hedeff","email":"hiessaid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187487,"text":"70187487 - 2012 - Habitat and prey availability attributes associated with juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon occurrence in the Missouri River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T18:14:07","indexId":"70187487","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1497,"text":"Endangered Species Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat and prey availability attributes associated with juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon occurrence in the Missouri River, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The pallid sturgeon </span><i>Scaphirhynchus albus</i><span> is a federally endangered species native to the Missouri and lower Mississippi Rivers, USA. As part of recovery efforts, over 360000 pallid sturgeon have been stocked into the Missouri River since 1994, and a standardized, long-term monitoring program was initiated in 2003. Understanding the distribution and habitat requirements of juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon (fork length &lt;720 mm, age &lt;10 yr) is an important goal of the monitoring and recovery programs. In this study, we collected information on habitat characteristics and prey availability from the upper Missouri River along the Nebraska-South Dakota border and compared these attributes between capture (present) and non-capture (absent) locations (N = 59). To evaluate the relative influence of habitat and prey availability on pallid sturgeon occurrence, we examined several candidate models using an information-theoretic approach. A prey availability model had the most support and included site-specific information on Diptera and Ephemeroptera abundance. A habitat-based model showed that juveniles and early adults were found in relatively deeper water and avoided areas where bottom velocities were greater than 1.2 m s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. Although not as well supported as the prey-effects model (evidence ratio = 6.4), habitat features also provided a plausible model for predicting occurrence. The models developed here could be used to evaluate pallid sturgeon habitat potential in the Missouri River basin and help guide future monitoring and conservation management of this endangered species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/esr00408","usgsCitation":"Spindler, B.D., Chipps, S.R., Klumb, R.A., Graeb, B.D., and Wimberly, M.C., 2012, Habitat and prey availability attributes associated with juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon occurrence in the Missouri River, USA: Endangered Species Research, v. 16, no. 3, p. 225-234, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00408.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"234","ipdsId":"IP-034025","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00408","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","volume":"16","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590c3dcbe4b0e541a038dd2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spindler, Bryan D.","contributorId":171900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spindler","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":561,"text":"South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klumb, Robert A.","contributorId":86606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klumb","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":561,"text":"South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graeb, Brian D. S.","contributorId":171851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graeb","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D. S.","affiliations":[{"id":26956,"text":"Departement of Natural Resource Management, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wimberly, Michael C.","contributorId":167855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wimberly","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70193251,"text":"70193251 - 2012 - Using rocks to reveal the inner workings of magma chambers below volcanoes in Alaska’s National Parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T10:17:34","indexId":"70193251","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":691,"text":"Alaska Park Science","printIssn":"1545- 496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using rocks to reveal the inner workings of magma chambers below volcanoes in Alaska’s National Parks","docAbstract":"<p>Alaska is one of the most vigorously volcanic regions on the planet, and Alaska’s national parks are home to many of the state’s most active volcanoes. These pose both local and more distant hazards in the form of lava and pyroclastic flows, lahars (mudflows), ash clouds, and ash fall. Alaska’s volcanoes lie along the arc of the Aleutian-Alaskan subduction zone, caused as the oceanic Pacific plate moves northward and dips below the North American plate. These volcanoes form as water-rich fluid from the down-going Pacific plate is released, lowering the melting temperature of rock in the overlying mantle and enabling it to partially melt. The melted rock (magma) migrates upward, collecting at the base of the approximately 25 mile (40 km) thick crust, occasionally ascending into the shallow crust, and sometimes erupting at the earth’s surface.</p><p>During volcanic unrest, scientists use geophysical signals to remotely visualize volcanic processes, such as movement of magma in the upper crust. In addition, erupted volcanic rocks, which are quenched samples of magmas, can tell us about subsurface magma characteris-tics, history, and the processes that drive eruptions. The chemical compositions of and the minerals present in the erupted magmas can reveal conditions under which these magmas were stored in crustal “chambers”. Studies of the products of recent eruptions of Novarupta (1912), Aniakchak (1931), Trident (1953-74), and Redoubt (2009) volcanoes reveal the depths and temperatures of magma storage, and tell of complex interactions between magmas of different compositions. One goal of volcanology is to determine the processes that drive or trigger eruptions. Information recorded in the rocks tells us about these processes. Here, we demonstrate how geologists gain these insights through case studies from four recent eruptions of volcanoes in Alaska national parks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Coombs, M.L., and Bacon, C.R., 2012, Using rocks to reveal the inner workings of magma chambers below volcanoes in Alaska’s National Parks: Alaska Park Science, v. 11, no. 1, p. 26-33.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-033839","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347939,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347938,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/articles/aps-v11-i1-c5.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.75244140625,\n              56.45034902929676\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.72119140625,\n              56.45034902929676\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.72119140625,\n              61.64816245852389\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.75244140625,\n              61.64816245852389\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.75244140625,\n              56.45034902929676\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bc1e4b0531197afa06e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70192956,"text":"70192956 - 2012 - Laboratory investigations of the effects of nitrification-induced acidification on Cr cycling in vadose zone material partially derived from ultramafic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-12T13:00:31","indexId":"70192956","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory investigations of the effects of nitrification-induced acidification on Cr cycling in vadose zone material partially derived from ultramafic rocks","docAbstract":"<p>Sacramento Valley (California, USA) soils and sediments have high concentrations of Cr(III) because they are partially derived from ultramafic material. Some Cr(III) is oxidized to more toxic and mobile Cr(VI) by soil Mn oxides. Valley soils typically have neutral to alkaline pH at which Cr(III) is highly immobile. Much of the valley is under cultivation and is both fertilized and irrigated. A series of laboratory incubation experiments were conducted to assess how cultivation might impact Cr cycling in shallow vadose zone material from the valley. The first experiments employed low (7.1&nbsp;mmol&nbsp;N per kg soil) and high (35&nbsp;mmol&nbsp;N&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) concentrations of applied (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. Initially, Cr(VI) concentrations were up to 45 and 60% greater than controls in low and high incubations, respectively. After microbially-mediated oxidation of all NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Cr(VI) concentrations dropped below control values. Increased nitrifying bacterial populations (estimated by measurement of phospholipid fatty acids) may have increased the Cr(VI) reduction capacity of the vadose zone material resulting in the observed decreases in Cr(VI). Another series of incubations employed vadose zone material from a different location to which low (45&nbsp;meq&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) and high (128&nbsp;meq&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) amounts of NH<sub>4</sub>Cl, KCl, and CaCl<sub>2</sub> were applied. All treatments, except high concentration KCl, resulted in mean soil Cr(VI) concentrations that were greater than the control. High concentrations of water-leachable Ba<sup>2&nbsp;+</sup> (mean 38&nbsp;μmol&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) in this treatment may have limited Cr(VI) solubility. A final set of incubations were amended with low (7.1&nbsp;mmol&nbsp;N&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) and high (35&nbsp;mmol&nbsp;N&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) concentrations of commercial liquid ammonium polyphosphate (APP) fertilizer which contained high concentrations of Cr(III). Soil Cr(VI) in the low APP incubations increased to a concentration of 1.8&nbsp;μmol&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup> (5&nbsp;× control) over 109&nbsp;days suggesting that Cr(III) added with the APP fertilizer was more reactive than naturally-occurring soil Cr(III).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.054","usgsCitation":"Mills, C., and Goldhaber, M.B., 2012, Laboratory investigations of the effects of nitrification-induced acidification on Cr cycling in vadose zone material partially derived from ultramafic rocks: Science of the Total Environment, v. 435-436, p. 363-373, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.054.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"373","ipdsId":"IP-031029","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"435-436","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a096bb2e4b09af898c94151","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, Christopher T. 0000-0001-8414-1414 cmills@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-1414","contributorId":150137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Christopher T.","email":"cmills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":717435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70196558,"text":"70196558 - 2012 - Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-17T10:30:50","indexId":"70196558","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches","docAbstract":"<p><span>After centuries of disturbance, environmental professionals now recognize the need to restore coastal watersheds for native fish and protect the larger ecosystems on which fish and other aquatic biota depend. Anadromous fish species are an important component of coastal ecosystems that are often adversely affected by human activities. Restoring native anadromous fish species is a common focus of both fish and coastal watershed restoration. Yet restoration efforts have met with uneven success, often due to lack of knowledge about habitat availability and use. Using habitat surveys and radio tracking of adult anadromous alewives&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>during their spring spawning migration, we illustrate a method for quantifying habitat using multiple approaches and for relating mobile fish distribution to habitat. In the Ipswich River, Massachusetts, measuring habitat units and physical conditions at transects (width, depth, and velocity) provided an ecological basis for the interpretation of landscape patterns of fish distribution. Mapping habitat units allowed us to efficiently census habitat relevant to alewives for the entire 20.6 river kilometers of interest. Our transect data reinforced the results of the habitat unit survey and provided useful, high‐resolution ecological data for restoration efforts. Tagged alewives spent little time in riffle–run habitats and substantial time in pools, although the locations of pool occupancy varied. The insights we provide here can be used to (1) identify preferred habitats into which anadromous fish can be reintroduced in order to maximize fish survival and reproduction and (2) pinpoint habitat types in urgent need of protection or restoration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1080/19425120.2012.675980","usgsCitation":"Mather, M.E., Frank, H.J., Smith, J.M., Cormier, R.D., Muth, R.M., and Finn, J.T., 2012, Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 4, no. 1, p. 188-200, https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2012.675980.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-024880","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2012.675980","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afef2c9e4b0da30c1bfc881","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, Holly J.","contributorId":86605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joseph M.","contributorId":106712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":17855,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cormier, Roxann D.","contributorId":204312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cormier","given":"Roxann","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muth, Robert M.","contributorId":41682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finn, John T.","contributorId":78302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70193756,"text":"70193756 - 2012 - Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T12:46:34","indexId":"70193756","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011","docAbstract":"<p><span>Time‐lapse geophysical surveys using frequency‐domain electromagnetics (FDEM) can indirectly measure time‐varying hydrologic parameters such as fluid saturation or solute concentration. Monitoring of these processes provides insight into aquifer properties and the effectiveness of constructed controls (such as leachate interceptor trenches), as well as aquifer responses to natural or induced stresses. At the University of Connecticut landfill, noninvasive, electromagnetic induction (EMI) methods were used to monitor changes in subsurface electrical conductivity that were related to the landfill‐closure activities. After the landfill was closed, EMI methods were used to monitor changes in water saturation and water quality. As part of a long‐term monitoring plan to observe changes associated with closure, redevelopment, and remediation of the former landfill, EMI data were collected to supplement information from groundwater samples collected in wells to the south and north of the landfill. In comparison to single‐point measurements that could have been collected by conventional installation of additional monitoring wells, the EMI methods provided increased spatial coverage, and were less invasive and therefore less destructive to the wetland north of the landfill. To monitor effects of closure activities on the subsurface conductivity, EMI measurements were collected from 2004 to 2011 along discrete transects north and south of the landfill prior to, during, and after the landfill closure. In general, the results indicated an overall decline in subsurface electrical conductivity with time and with distance from the former landfill. This decline in electrical conductivity indicated that the closure and remediation efforts reduced the amount of leachate that originated from the landfill and that entered the drainages to the north and south of the landfill.</span><span></span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.4133/1.4721692","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.D., White, E.A., and Joesten, P.K., 2012, Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011, <i>in</i> Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012, p. 36-56, https://doi.org/10.4133/1.4721692.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-035804","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a71926fe4b0a9a2e9dbde11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Eric A. 0000-0002-7782-146X eawhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7782-146X","contributorId":1737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Eric","email":"eawhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":720229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Joesten, Peter K. pjoesten@usgs.gov","contributorId":1929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joesten","given":"Peter","email":"pjoesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70191973,"text":"70191973 - 2012 - Science summary in support of Manatee Protection Area (MPA) design in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-25T11:12:10","indexId":"70191973","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5373,"text":"Cooperator Science Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"FWS/CSS-101-2012","title":"Science summary in support of Manatee Protection Area (MPA) design in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p>The Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus), a subspecies of the West Indian manatee, is listed as endangered by the US Department of Interior. In accordance with its listing, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Caribbean Field Office (USFWS) is mandated to create one or more Manatee Protection Areas (MPAs) for Puerto Rico. Designation of these areas must comply with the legal definition of an MPA’s purpose: to prevent or reduce take of manatees (CFR 50: 44 FR 60964, Oct. 22, 1979). To meet this goal, we pursued two objectives: 1) identify areas which include the specific ecological attributes necessary to support manatee populations, and 2) identify areas where take can be reduced through approved MPA regulatory frameworks. We achieved these objectives through literature review, expert elicitation, and geospatial modeling. This report delivers to USFWS a set of nine potential MPA regions. These regions represent the spatial realization of experts’ hypotheses regarding manatee requirements and threats, and the potential to implement MPA strategies (e.g. watercraft access, speed regulations, signage and boater education). The nine regions are compared based on a number of factors, including their potential to reduce take, quality of the habitat encompassed, and total area. These maps and statistics serve as suitable starting points to select one or more MPA sites, but we recommend that the mapped attributes and threats (i.e., boating activity) of MPAs be ground-truthed to visually confirm the local presence of resources, threats, and manatees before any area is selected. Once established, the effectiveness of MPAs can be monitored and updated through processes of adaptive monitoring and management. Aerial surveys, radio tracking studies, and public surveys are all valuable tools to assess the success of an MPA. Establishing MPAs is a management action that, integrated within the species Recovery Plan, should enhance the conservation of manatees.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/CSS.101.2013","usgsCitation":"Drew, C.A., Alexander-Vaughn, L.B., and Collazo, J., 2012, Science summary in support of Manatee Protection Area (MPA) design in Puerto Rico: Cooperator Science Series FWS/CSS-101-2012, ii, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3996/CSS.101.2013.","productDescription":"ii, 63 p.","numberOfPages":"68","ipdsId":"IP-043436","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/ref/collection/document/id/1907","text":"External Repository"},{"id":350599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6afac9e4b06e28e9c9a923","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drew, C. Ashton","contributorId":140953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drew","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ashton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander-Vaughn, Louise B.","contributorId":199257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander-Vaughn","given":"Louise","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744 jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":173448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime A.","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157182,"text":"70157182 - 2012 - The Glen Canyon Dam adaptive management program: Progress and immediate challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-29T16:39:38.630228","indexId":"70157182","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The Glen Canyon Dam adaptive management program: Progress and immediate challenges","docAbstract":"<p><span>Adaptive management emerged as an important resource management strategy for major river systems in the United States (US) in the early 1990s. The Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program (&lsquo;the Program&rsquo;) was formally established in 1997 to fulfill a statutory requirement in the 1992 Grand Canyon Protection Act (GCPA). The GCPA aimed to improve natural resource conditions in the Colorado River corridor in the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area and Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona that were affected by the Glen Canyon dam. The Program achieves this by using science and a variety of stakeholder perspectives to inform decisions about dam operations. Since the Program started the ecosystem is now much better understood and several biological and physical improvements have been achieved. These improvements include: (i) an estimated 50% increase in the adult population of endangered humpback chub (Gila cypha) between 2001 and 2008, following previous decline; (ii) a 90% decrease in non-native rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which are known to compete with and prey on native fish, as a result of removal experiments; and (iii) the widespread reappearance of sandbars in response to an experimental high-flow release of dam water in March 2008.Although substantial progress has been made, the Program faces several immediate challenges. These include: (i) defining specific, measurable objectives and desired future conditions for important natural, cultural and recreational attributes to inform science and management decisions; (ii) implementing structural and operational changes to improve collaboration among stakeholders; (iii) establishing a long-term experimental programme and management plan; and (iv) securing long-term funding for monitoring programmes to assess ecosystem and other responses to management actions. Addressing these challenges and building on recent progress will require strong and consistent leadership from the US Department of the Interior officials who guide the Program.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"River conservation and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd","publisherLocation":"Chester, UK","doi":"10.1002/9781119961819.ch26","usgsCitation":"Hamill, J.F., and Melis, T., 2012, The Glen Canyon Dam adaptive management program: Progress and immediate challenges, chap. <i>of</i> River conservation and management, p. 325-338, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119961819.ch26.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"338","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-023715","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308085,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Glen Canyon Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.49449348449707,\n              36.924988609754976\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.47174835205078,\n              36.924988609754976\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.47174835205078,\n              36.94268922503273\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.49449348449707,\n              36.94268922503273\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.49449348449707,\n              36.924988609754976\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb707e4b058f706e53eec","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Boon, Philip J.","contributorId":147624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boon","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572179,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raven, Paul J.","contributorId":147625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raven","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572180,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hamill, John F.","contributorId":43061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamill","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melis, Theodore S. 0000-0003-0473-3968 tmelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0473-3968","contributorId":1829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melis","given":"Theodore S.","email":"tmelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70194911,"text":"70194911 - 2012 - Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone adjacent to an arid waste-disposal facility, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-29T15:23:25","indexId":"70194911","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone adjacent to an arid waste-disposal facility, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Nevada, Reno","usgsCitation":"Maples, S., 2012, Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone adjacent to an arid waste-disposal facility, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada, 112 p.","productDescription":"112 p.","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","city":"Beatty","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert Research Site","publicComments":"M.S. Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7040d5e4b06e28e9cae4f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maples, S.R.","contributorId":64556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maples","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70191700,"text":"70191700 - 2012 - KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T11:03:06","indexId":"70191700","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3619,"text":"Transactions of the ASABE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"KINEROS<sub>2</sub>/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","title":"KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","docAbstract":"<p><span>KINEROS (KINematic runoff and EROSion) originated in the 1960s as a distributed event-based model that conceptualizes a watershed as a cascade of overland flow model elements that flow into trapezoidal channel model elements. KINEROS was one of the first widely available watershed models that interactively coupled a finite difference approximation of the kinematic overland flow equations to a physically based infiltration model. Development and improvement of KINEROS continued from the 1960s on a variety of projects for a range of purposes, which has resulted in a suite of KINEROS-based modeling tools. This article focuses on KINEROS2 (K2), a spatially distributed, event-based watershed rainfall-runoff and erosion model, and the companion ArcGIS-based Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment (AGWA) tool. AGWA automates the time-consuming tasks of watershed delineation into distributed model elements and initial parameterization of these elements using commonly available, national GIS data layers. A variety of approaches have been used to calibrate and validate K2 successfully across a relatively broad range of applications (e.g., urbanization, pre- and post-fire, hillslope erosion, erosion from roads, runoff and recharge, and manure transport). The case studies presented in this article (1) compare lumped to stepwise calibration and validation of runoff and sediment at plot, hillslope, and small watershed scales; and (2) demonstrate an uncalibrated application to address relative change in watershed response to wildfire.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASABE","doi":"10.13031/2013.42264","usgsCitation":"Goodrich, D., Burns, I., Unkrich, C., Semmens, D.J., Guertin, D., Hernandez, M., Yatheendradas, S., Kennedy, J.R., and Levick, L.R., 2012, KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation: Transactions of the ASABE, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1561-1574, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.42264.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1561","endPage":"1574","ipdsId":"IP-036418","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20140009153","text":"External Repository"},{"id":346949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b998e4b05fe04cd65ceb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodrich, D.C.","contributorId":98492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodrich","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, I.S.","contributorId":197274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"I.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Unkrich, C.L.","contributorId":74537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Unkrich","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guertin, D.P.","contributorId":36264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertin","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hernandez, M.","contributorId":197277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernandez","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yatheendradas, S.","contributorId":13035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yatheendradas","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-3365-6589 jkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":2172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Levick, Lainie R.","contributorId":23229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levick","given":"Lainie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70197908,"text":"70197908 - 2012 - Chemical mixtures in untreated water from public-supply wells in the U.S. — Occurrence, composition, and potential toxicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-26T11:41:06","indexId":"70197908","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical mixtures in untreated water from public-supply wells in the U.S. — Occurrence, composition, and potential toxicity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Chemical mixtures are prevalent in groundwater used for public water supply, but little is known about their potential health effects. As part of a large-scale ambient groundwater study, we evaluated chemical mixtures across multiple chemical classes, and included more chemical contaminants than in previous studies of mixtures in public-supply wells. We (1) assessed the occurrence of chemical mixtures in untreated source-water samples from public-supply wells, (2) determined the composition of the most frequently occurring mixtures, and (3) characterized the potential toxicity of mixtures using a new screening approach. The U.S. Geological Survey collected one untreated water sample from each of 383 public wells distributed across 35 states, and analyzed the samples for as many as 91 chemical contaminants. Concentrations of mixture components were compared to individual human-health benchmarks; the potential toxicity of mixtures was characterized by addition of benchmark-normalized component concentrations. Most samples (84%) contained mixtures of two or more contaminants, each at concentrations greater than one-tenth of individual benchmarks. The chemical mixtures that most frequently occurred and had the greatest potential toxicity primarily were composed of trace elements (including arsenic, strontium, or uranium), radon, or nitrate. Herbicides, disinfection by-products, and solvents were the most common organic contaminants in mixtures. The sum of benchmark-normalized concentrations was greater than 1 for 58% of samples, suggesting that there could be potential for mixtures toxicity in more than half of the public-well samples. Our findings can be used to help set priorities for groundwater monitoring and suggest future research directions for drinking-water treatment studies and for toxicity assessments of chemical mixtures in water resources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.044","usgsCitation":"Toccalino, P.L., Norman, J.E., and Scott, J.C., 2012, Chemical mixtures in untreated water from public-supply wells in the U.S. — Occurrence, composition, and potential toxicity: Science of the Total Environment, v. 431, p. 262-270, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.044.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"270","ipdsId":"IP-030178","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":355349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46f6ece4b060350a15d3be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toccalino, Patricia L. 0000-0003-1066-1702 ptocca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-1702","contributorId":933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toccalino","given":"Patricia","email":"ptocca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":739023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norman, Julia E. 0000-0002-2820-6225 jnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-6225","contributorId":3832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Julia","email":"jnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, Jonathon C. jcscott@usgs.gov","contributorId":5449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Jonathon","email":"jcscott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":739025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70197987,"text":"70197987 - 2012 - Correlation of early Paleogene global diversity patterns of large benthic foraminifera with Paleocene-Eocene hyperthermal events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-03T10:17:44","indexId":"70197987","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3000,"text":"Palaios","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of early Paleogene global diversity patterns of large benthic foraminifera with Paleocene-Eocene hyperthermal events","docAbstract":"<p><span>Large benthic foraminifera (LBF) were major contributors to many Paleogene carbonate platforms around the world. These photosymbiotic foraminifera lived in warm, oligotrophic, shallow waters within the photic zone. Such Paleogene families as the nummulitids, alveolinids, and orthophragminids rose to prominence in the late Paleocene, thrived in the early and middle Eocene, and declined in the late Eocene and Oligocene. Diversity data from these three families were studied to understand better the controls on the rise of Paleogene LBFs. Analyzed data included total diversity (total number of species per biozone), number of first occurrences per biozone, and number of last occurrences per biozone. Results indicate that there were four intervals of increased total diversity, increased first occurrence, and increased last occurrence for all three families studied. These four intervals follow closely after important climatic events within the Paleogene: the mid-Paleocene biotic event (MPBE), the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM, a hyperthermal event), the early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO) and the middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO). The shallow marine biotic community, on a global scale, reacted to such climatic warming events as the MPBE, PETM, EECO, and MECO, based on these diversity trends. Our data also show a pattern of an increase in the number of last occurrences followed by an increase in the number of first occurrences, which suggests that the overall increase in species diversity is due to faunal turnover, as has been interpreted for the large benthic foraminiferal turnover that occurred at the PETM.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.2110/palo.2010.p10-109r","usgsCitation":"Whidden, K.J., and Jones, R.J., 2012, Correlation of early Paleogene global diversity patterns of large benthic foraminifera with Paleocene-Eocene hyperthermal events: Palaios, v. 27, no. 4, p. 235-251, https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2010.p10-109r.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"251","ipdsId":"IP-022808","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355484,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":355480,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/sepm/palaios/article/27/4/235/146258/correlation-of-early-paleogene-global-diversity"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46f6ebe4b060350a15d3bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whidden, Katherine J. 0000-0002-7841-2553 kwhidden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7841-2553","contributorId":3960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whidden","given":"Katherine","email":"kwhidden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Robert J.","contributorId":206118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37250,"text":"Natural History Museum, London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70191461,"text":"70191461 - 2012 - Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force---Gulf of Mexico Ecosystem Science Assessment and Needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-16T14:48:07","indexId":"70191461","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force---Gulf of Mexico Ecosystem Science Assessment and Needs","docAbstract":"<p>The Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force (GCERTF) was established by Executive Order 13554 as a result of recommendations from “America’s Gulf Coast: A Long-term Recovery Plan after the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill” by Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus (Mabus Report). The GCERTF consists of members from 11 Federal agencies and representatives from each State bordering the Gulf of Mexico. The GCERTF was charged to develop a holistic, long-term, science-based Regional Ecosystem Restoration Strategy for the Gulf of Mexico. Federal and State agencies staffed the GCERTF with experts in fields such as policy, budgeting, and science to help develop the Strategy. The Strategy was built on existing authorities and resources and represents enhanced collaboration and a recognition of the shared responsibility among Federal and State governments to restore the Gulf Coast ecosystem. In this time of severe fiscal constraints, Task Force member agencies and States are committed to establishing shared priorities and working together to achieve them.</p><p>As part of this effort, three staffers, one National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) scientist and two U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists, created and led a Science Coordination Team (SCT) to guide scientific input into the development of the Gulf of Mexico Regional Ecosystem Restoration Strategy. </p><p>The SCT leads from the GCERTF coordinated more than 70 scientists from the Federal and State Task Force member agencies to participate in development of a restoration-oriented science document focused on the entire Gulf of Mexico, from inland watersheds to the deep blue waters. The SCT leads and scientists were organized into six different working groups based on expanded goals from the Mabus Report: </p><ol><li>Coastal habitats are healthy and resilient.<br></li><li>Living coastal and marine resources are healthy, diverse, and sustainable.<br></li><li>Coastal communities are adaptive and resilient.<br></li><li>Storm buffers are sustainable.<br></li><li>Inland habitats and watersheds are managed to help support healthy and sustainable Gulf of Mexico ecosystems.<br></li><li>Offshore environments are healthy and well managed<br></li></ol><p>Each working group was charged with defining their specific goal, describing the current conditions related to that goal (for example, the status of coastal habitats in the Gulf of Mexico), providing highlevel activities needed to further define and achieve the goal, with associated outcome-based performance indicators, and identifying the scientific gaps in understanding to accomplish the goal and implement the recommended activities. The overall scientific assessment reveals that the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem continues to suffer from extensive degradation, and action is necessary to develop a healthy, resilient, and sustainable Gulf of Mexico ecosystem. </p><p>The six groups also were tasked with outlining the necessary monitoring, modeling, and research needs to aid in achieving the goals. Recognizing that (1) the scientific needs (monitoring, modeling, and research) overlap among many of the goals, and (2) an overarching scientific framework could be developed to implement the necessary science in support of the Strategy, a seventh group was created with several members from each of the original six working groups. This seventh group compiled all of the cross-cutting monitoring, modeling, and research needs previously identified by the individual groups. These scientific requirements are found in Chapter 5 of this document. </p><p>The seventh group also has developed a Science Plan, outlined in Chapter 6. The Science Plan provides the basic science infrastructure to support the overall Gulf restoration program and Strategy. The Science Plan allows for the development of an iterative and flexible approach to adaptive management and decision-making related to restoration projects based on sound science that includes monitoring, modeling, and research. Taken in its entirety, this document helps to articulate the current state of the system and the critical science needs to support effective restoration of the Gulf of Mexico resources that have been trending towards decline for decades. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force Science Coordination Team","usgsCitation":"2012, Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force---Gulf of Mexico Ecosystem Science Assessment and Needs, viii, 72 p.","productDescription":"viii, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"81","ipdsId":"IP-033671","costCenters":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":346635,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://archive.epa.gov/gulfcoasttaskforce/web/pdf/gcertf-book-final-042712.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e5c51ce4b05fe04cd1c9e4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Walker, Shelby","contributorId":197112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Shelby","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712605,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dausman, Alyssa M. adausman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dausman","given":"Alyssa","email":"adausman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712606,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lavoie, Dawn L. dlavoie@usgs.gov","contributorId":3006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavoie","given":"Dawn","email":"dlavoie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":712607,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}}
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