{"pageNumber":"696","pageRowStart":"17375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":69061,"records":[{"id":70048460,"text":"sir20125107 - 2012 - Sources and sinks of nitrogen and phosphorus to a deep, oligotrophic lake, Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-10T14:45:57.485874","indexId":"sir20125107","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T08:09:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5107","displayTitle":"Sources and Sinks of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in a Deep,  Oligotrophic Lake, Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park,  Washington","title":"Sources and sinks of nitrogen and phosphorus to a deep, oligotrophic lake, Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park, Washington","docAbstract":"Lake Crescent, in Olympic National Park in the northwest corner of Washington State is a deep-water lake renowned for its pristine water quality and oligotrophic nature. To examine the major sources and sinks of nutrients (as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and dissolved nitrate), a study was conducted in the Lake Crescent watershed. The study involved measuring five major inflow streams, the Lyre River as the major outflow, recording weather and climatic data, coring lake bed sediment, and analyzing nutrient chemistry in several relevant media over 14 months. Water samples for total nitrogen, total phosphorous, and dissolved nitrate from the five inflow streams, the outlet Lyre River, and two stations in the lake were collected monthly from May 2006 through May 2007. Periodic samples of shallow water from temporary sampling wells were collected at numerous locations around the lake. Concentrations of nutrients detected in Lake Crescent and tributaries were then applied to the water budget estimates to arrive at monthly and annual loads from various environmental components within the watershed. Other sources, such as leaf litter, pollen, or automobile exhaust were estimated from annual values obtained from various literature sources. This information then was used to construct a nutrient budget for total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The nitrogen budget generally highlights vehicle traffic-diesel trucks in particular-along U.S. Highway 101 as a potential major anthropogenic source of nitrogen compounds in the lake. In contrast, contribution of nitrogen compounds from onsite septic systems appears to be relatively minor related to the other sources identified.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125107","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Moran, P., Cox, S., Embrey, S., Huffman, R., Olsen, T.D., and Fradkin, S., 2012, Sources and sinks of nitrogen and phosphorus to a deep, oligotrophic lake, Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5107, Report: viii, 56 p.; 6 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125107.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 56 p.; 6 Appendices","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278167,"rank":9,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5107/","text":"USGS Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2012-5107"},{"id":278176,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5107/pdf/sir2012-5107_appendixF.pdf","text":"Appendix F","size":"443 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2012-5107 Appendix F"},{"id":278175,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5107/pdf/sir2012-5107_appendixE.pdf","text":"Appendix E","size":"123 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2012-5107 Appendix E"},{"id":278173,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5107/pdf/sir2012-5107_appendixD.pdf","text":"Appendix D","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2012-5107 Appendix D"},{"id":278177,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125107.jpg"},{"id":278171,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5107/pdf/sir2012-5107_appendixC.pdf","text":"Appendix C","size":"294 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2012-5107 Appendix C"},{"id":278170,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5107/pdf/sir2012-5107_appendixB.pdf","text":"Appendix B","size":"64 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2012-5107 Appendix B"},{"id":278169,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5107/pdf/sir2012-5107_appendixA.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"75 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2012-5107 Appendix A"},{"id":278168,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5107/pdf/sir2012-5107.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2012-5107"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park, Olympic Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.7348,47.4695 ], [ -124.7348,48.2747 ], [ -123.1217,48.2747 ], [ -123.1217,47.4695 ], [ -124.7348,47.4695 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_wa@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_wa@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"http://wa.water.usgs.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"http://wa.water.usgs.gov\">Washington Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>934 Broadway, Suite 300<br>Tacoma, WA 98402</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Description of Lake Crescent and the Watershed</li><li>Methods of Investigation</li><li>Sources and Sinks of Nitrogen And Phosphorous</li><li>Summary</li><li>Recommendations</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix A. Results of Chemical Analyses on Field Blank-Water, Field-Replicate, and Aqueous Standard-Reference Quality-Control Samples</li><li>Appendix B. Daily Mean Streamflows for Fairholm Creek, Lapoel Creek, Smith Creek, Barnes Creek, Piedmont Creek, and Lyre River, Washington, Water Years 2006–07</li><li>Appendix C. Results of Chemical Analyses on Water Samples from Lake Crescent and Streams</li><li>Appendix D. Results of Chemical Analyses on Bottom-Sediment Core Samples Collected from Lake Crescent, Washington, September 2008</li><li>Appendix E. Results of Chemical Analyses and Field Measurements on Water Samples from Piezometers, October 2007</li><li>Appendix F. Estimated and Observed Daily Total Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus Loads and Loadest Model Parameters</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5246e91ce4b035b7f35addeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moran, P.W.","contributorId":9401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, S.E.","contributorId":66663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Embrey, S.S.","contributorId":8448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embrey","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huffman, R.L.","contributorId":44956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olsen, T. D.","contributorId":41463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fradkin, S.C.","contributorId":69880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fradkin","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70043669,"text":"70043669 - 2012 - Reducing fungal infections and testing tag loss in juvenile Pacific lampreys implanted with passive integrated transponders.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T12:09:31","indexId":"70043669","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Reducing fungal infections and testing tag loss in juvenile Pacific lampreys implanted with passive integrated transponders.","docAbstract":"<p>Pacific lamprey <i>Entosphenus tridentatus</i> are facing severe population declines, yet little is known about juvenile lamprey passage, life history, or adult return rates because until now, these small fish could not be tagged for unique identification of live individuals. Previously, we developed a simple and effective method for tagging juvenile lampreys with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and showed that tagging per se did not affect survival. Mortality in tagged and untagged control fish, however, was frequently associated with fungal infection. In this study, we addressed two outstanding issues related to handling and tagging juvenile lampreys. First, we tried to mitigate freshwater fungal infections by reducing irritation and stress from anesthesia and by treating tagged fish briefly with a prophylactic immediately after tagging. We tested four anesthetics at three concentrations each and determined that 100 mg/L MS-222 and 60 mg/L BENZOAK<sup>&reg;</sup> (benzocaine) were the most effective for anesthetizing juvenile lampreys to handleable while minimizing irritation. We also showed that fish anesthetized with BENZOAK<sup>&reg;</sup> may have lower rates of fungal infection than those anesthetized with MS-222 or AQUI-S<sup>&reg;</sup> 20E (eugenol). When fish anesthetized with MS-222 or BENZOAK<sup>&reg;</sup> were given a 30 min prophylactic treatment with Stress Coat<sup>&reg;</sup>, hydrogen peroxide, or salt immediately after tagging, few fish presented with fungal infections. However, untreated, tagged control fish also showed few fungal infections, making it difficult to determine if the prophylactic treatments were successful. The second question we addressed was whether activity would increase tag loss in PIT-tagged lampreys. We found that active swimming did not cause tag loss if fish were first held for 20&ndash;24 h after tagging. Therefore, we recommend anesthesia with MS-222 or BENZOAK<sup>&reg;</sup> and then tagging with a 20&ndash;24 h recovery period followed by immediate release. If field studies show that lampreys are not reaching salt water (where fungal infections are mitigated) within 1&ndash;2 weeks after release, further study of prophylactic treatments may be warranted.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Christiansen, H., Gee, L., and Mesa, M., 2012, Reducing fungal infections and testing tag loss in juvenile Pacific lampreys implanted with passive integrated transponders., 31 p.","productDescription":"31 p.","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037721","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbb9e4b0b13d3919a3bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christiansen, H.E.","contributorId":81717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gee, L.P.","contributorId":50062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"L.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mesa, M.G.","contributorId":17386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046681,"text":"70046681 - 2012 - Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement Off-Project Water Program Evapotranspiration Map for October 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-24T14:18:59","indexId":"70046681","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement Off-Project Water Program Evapotranspiration Map for October 2006","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046681","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012, Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement Off-Project Water Program Evapotranspiration Map for October 2006, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046681.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274122,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mosaic_et_october2006_kl_NAD83.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.425204,41.972926 ], [ -123.425204,43.490807 ], [ -120.483416,43.490807 ], [ -120.483416,41.972926 ], [ -123.425204,41.972926 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c96a67e4b0a50a6e8f5803","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70043372,"text":"70043372 - 2012 - Modeling of soil erosion and sediment transport in the East River Basin in southern China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-26T11:39:08","indexId":"70043372","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling of soil erosion and sediment transport in the East River Basin in southern China","docAbstract":"Soil erosion is a major global environmental problem that has caused many issues involving land degradation, sedimentation of waterways, ecological degradation, and nonpoint source pollution. Therefore, it is significant to understand the processes of soil erosion and sediment transport along rivers, and this can help identify the erosion prone areas and find potential measures to alleviate the environmental effects. In this study, we investigated soil erosion and identified the most seriously eroded areas in the East River Basin in southern China using a physically-based model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). We also introduced a classical sediment transport method (Zhang) into SWAT and compared it with the built-in Bagnold method in simulating sediment transport process along the river. The derived spatial soil erosion map and land use based erosion levels can explicitly illustrate the identification and prioritization of the critical soil erosion areas in this basin. Our results also indicate that erosion is quite sensitive to soil properties and slope. Comparison of Bagnold and Zhang methods shows that the latter can give an overall better performance especially in tracking the peak and low sediment concentrations along the river. We also found that the East River is mainly characterized by sediment deposition in most of the segments and at most times of a year. Overall, the results presented in this paper can provide decision support for watershed managers about where the best management practices (conservation measures) can be implemented effectively and at low cost. The methods we used in this study can also be of interest in sediment modeling for other basins worldwide.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.057","usgsCitation":"Wu, Y., and Chen, J., 2012, Modeling of soil erosion and sediment transport in the East River Basin in southern China: Science of the Total Environment, v. 441, p. 159-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.057.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"168","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041116","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268364,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.057"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 113.9323,22.9369 ], [ 113.9323,25.0047 ], [ 115.0351,25.0047 ], [ 115.0351,22.9369 ], [ 113.9323,22.9369 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"441","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd67e2e4b0b29085101af3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Yping","contributorId":107582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Yping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Ji","contributorId":101960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Ji","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043364,"text":"70043364 - 2012 - Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T14:47:42","indexId":"70043364","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2259,"text":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin","docAbstract":"Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is tightly linked to land use activities that determine the sources and magnitudes of pollutant loadings to stream water. The pollutant loads may also be alleviated within reservoirs because of the physical interception resulting from changed hydrological regimes and other biochemical processes. It is important but challenging to assess the NPS pollution processes with human effects due to the measurement limitations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of human activities such as land uses and reservoir operation on the hydrological and NPS pollution processes in a highly agricultural area-the Iowa River Basin-using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The evaluation of model performance at multiple sites reveals that SWAT can consistently simulate the daily streamflow, and monthly/annual sediment and nutrient loads (nitrate nitrogen and mineral phosphorus) in the basin. We also used the calibrated model to estimate the trap efficiencies of sediment (&#126;78%) and nutrients (&#126;30%) in the Coralville Reservoir within the basin. These non-negligible effects emphasize the significance of incorporating the sediment and nutrient removal mechanisms into watershed system studies. The spatial quantification of the critical NPS pollution loads can help identify hot-spot areas that are likely locations for the best management practices.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"RSC Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1039/C2EM30278K","usgsCitation":"Wu, Y., and Liu, S., 2012, Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin: Journal of Environmental Monitoring, v. 14, no. 9, p. 2350-2361, https://doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30278K.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2350","endPage":"2361","numberOfPages":"12","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025744","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269168,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30278K"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.9935,41.0483 ], [ -93.9935,43.8583 ], [ -89.9945,43.8583 ], [ -89.9945,41.0483 ], [ -93.9935,41.0483 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"14","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51404e83e4b089809dbf4494","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Yiping ywu@usgs.gov","contributorId":987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Yiping","email":"ywu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shu-Guang sliu@usgs.gov","contributorId":984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shu-Guang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041463,"text":"70041463 - 2012 - Hydrogen isotope investigation of amphibole and biotite phenocrysts in silicic magmas erupted at Lassen Volcanic Center, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-04T09:03:24","indexId":"70041463","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogen isotope investigation of amphibole and biotite phenocrysts in silicic magmas erupted at Lassen Volcanic Center, California","docAbstract":"Hydrogen isotope ratio, water content and Fe<sup>3 +</sup>/Fe<sup>2 +</sup> in coexisting amphibole and biotite phenocrysts in volcanic rocks can provide insight into shallow pre- and syn-eruptive magmatic processes such as vesiculation, and lava drainback with mixing into less devolatilized magma that erupts later in a volcanic sequence. We studied four ~ 35 ka and younger eruption sequences (i.e. Kings Creek, Lassen Peak, Chaos Crags, and 1915) at the Lassen Volcanic Center (LVC), California, where intrusion of crystal-rich silicic magma mushes by mafic magmas is inferred from the varying abundances of mafic magmatic inclusions (MMIs) in the silicic volcanic rocks. Types and relative proportions of reacted and unreacted hydrous phenocryst populations are evaluated with accompanying chemical and H isotope changes. Biotite phenocrysts were more susceptible to rehydration in older vesicular glassy volcanic rocks than coexisting amphibole phenocrysts. Biotite and magnesiohornblende phenocrysts toward the core of the Lassen Peak dome are extensively dehydroxylated and reacted from prolonged exposure to high temperature, low pressure, and higher <i>f</i><sub>O2</sub> conditions from post-emplacement cooling. In silicic volcanic rocks not affected by alteration, biotite phenocrysts are often relatively more dehydroxylated than are magnesiohornblende phenocrysts of similar size; this is likely due to the ca 10 times larger overall bulk H diffusion coefficient in biotite. A simplified model of dehydrogenation in hydrous phenocrysts above reaction closure temperature suggests that eruption and quench of magma ascended to the surface in a few hours is too short a time for substantial H loss from amphibole. In contrast, slowly ascended magma can have extremely dehydrogenated and possibly dehydrated biotite, relatively less dehydrogenated magnesiohornblende and reaction rims on both phases. Eruptive products containing the highest proportions of mottled dehydrogenated crystals could indicate that within a few days prior to eruption, degassed vesiculated magma or lava had drained back down the volcanic conduit and mixed with less devolatilized magma. The vesiculated magma contained hydrous phenocrysts with lattice damage, which locally raised the effective H diffusion coefficient by ca 10–100 × and resulted in increased mineral dehydrogenation. Remobilization of dacite magma mush by relatively more reduced mafic magma appears to have generated further <i>f</i><sub>O2</sub> variations in May 1915 as oxidized magma from shallow levels circulated to depths where dehydrogenation of hydrous phenocrysts began. The δD<sub>Magmatic H2O</sub> expressed in LVC acid hot springs is likely a mixture derived from devolatilized ascending mafic magmas and crystallizing silicic magma mush.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.02.019","usgsCitation":"Underwood, S., Feeley, T., and Clynne, M., 2012, Hydrogen isotope investigation of amphibole and biotite phenocrysts in silicic magmas erupted at Lassen Volcanic Center, California: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 227-228, p. 32-49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.02.019.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-037966","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264045,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lassen Volcanic Center","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"227-228","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50cc58dbe4b00ab7c548c69e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Underwood, S.J.","contributorId":101734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Underwood","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feeley, T.C.","contributorId":17793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feeley","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clynne, M.A.","contributorId":90722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70196558,"text":"70196558 - 2012 - Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-17T10:30:50","indexId":"70196558","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches","docAbstract":"<p><span>After centuries of disturbance, environmental professionals now recognize the need to restore coastal watersheds for native fish and protect the larger ecosystems on which fish and other aquatic biota depend. Anadromous fish species are an important component of coastal ecosystems that are often adversely affected by human activities. Restoring native anadromous fish species is a common focus of both fish and coastal watershed restoration. Yet restoration efforts have met with uneven success, often due to lack of knowledge about habitat availability and use. Using habitat surveys and radio tracking of adult anadromous alewives&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>during their spring spawning migration, we illustrate a method for quantifying habitat using multiple approaches and for relating mobile fish distribution to habitat. In the Ipswich River, Massachusetts, measuring habitat units and physical conditions at transects (width, depth, and velocity) provided an ecological basis for the interpretation of landscape patterns of fish distribution. Mapping habitat units allowed us to efficiently census habitat relevant to alewives for the entire 20.6 river kilometers of interest. Our transect data reinforced the results of the habitat unit survey and provided useful, high‐resolution ecological data for restoration efforts. Tagged alewives spent little time in riffle–run habitats and substantial time in pools, although the locations of pool occupancy varied. The insights we provide here can be used to (1) identify preferred habitats into which anadromous fish can be reintroduced in order to maximize fish survival and reproduction and (2) pinpoint habitat types in urgent need of protection or restoration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1080/19425120.2012.675980","usgsCitation":"Mather, M.E., Frank, H.J., Smith, J.M., Cormier, R.D., Muth, R.M., and Finn, J.T., 2012, Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 4, no. 1, p. 188-200, https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2012.675980.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-024880","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2012.675980","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afef2c9e4b0da30c1bfc881","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, Holly J.","contributorId":86605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joseph M.","contributorId":106712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":17855,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cormier, Roxann D.","contributorId":204312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cormier","given":"Roxann","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muth, Robert M.","contributorId":41682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finn, John T.","contributorId":78302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70192956,"text":"70192956 - 2012 - Laboratory investigations of the effects of nitrification-induced acidification on Cr cycling in vadose zone material partially derived from ultramafic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-12T13:00:31","indexId":"70192956","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory investigations of the effects of nitrification-induced acidification on Cr cycling in vadose zone material partially derived from ultramafic rocks","docAbstract":"<p>Sacramento Valley (California, USA) soils and sediments have high concentrations of Cr(III) because they are partially derived from ultramafic material. Some Cr(III) is oxidized to more toxic and mobile Cr(VI) by soil Mn oxides. Valley soils typically have neutral to alkaline pH at which Cr(III) is highly immobile. Much of the valley is under cultivation and is both fertilized and irrigated. A series of laboratory incubation experiments were conducted to assess how cultivation might impact Cr cycling in shallow vadose zone material from the valley. The first experiments employed low (7.1&nbsp;mmol&nbsp;N per kg soil) and high (35&nbsp;mmol&nbsp;N&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) concentrations of applied (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. Initially, Cr(VI) concentrations were up to 45 and 60% greater than controls in low and high incubations, respectively. After microbially-mediated oxidation of all NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Cr(VI) concentrations dropped below control values. Increased nitrifying bacterial populations (estimated by measurement of phospholipid fatty acids) may have increased the Cr(VI) reduction capacity of the vadose zone material resulting in the observed decreases in Cr(VI). Another series of incubations employed vadose zone material from a different location to which low (45&nbsp;meq&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) and high (128&nbsp;meq&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) amounts of NH<sub>4</sub>Cl, KCl, and CaCl<sub>2</sub> were applied. All treatments, except high concentration KCl, resulted in mean soil Cr(VI) concentrations that were greater than the control. High concentrations of water-leachable Ba<sup>2&nbsp;+</sup> (mean 38&nbsp;μmol&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) in this treatment may have limited Cr(VI) solubility. A final set of incubations were amended with low (7.1&nbsp;mmol&nbsp;N&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) and high (35&nbsp;mmol&nbsp;N&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup>) concentrations of commercial liquid ammonium polyphosphate (APP) fertilizer which contained high concentrations of Cr(III). Soil Cr(VI) in the low APP incubations increased to a concentration of 1.8&nbsp;μmol&nbsp;kg<sup>−&nbsp;1</sup> (5&nbsp;× control) over 109&nbsp;days suggesting that Cr(III) added with the APP fertilizer was more reactive than naturally-occurring soil Cr(III).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.054","usgsCitation":"Mills, C., and Goldhaber, M.B., 2012, Laboratory investigations of the effects of nitrification-induced acidification on Cr cycling in vadose zone material partially derived from ultramafic rocks: Science of the Total Environment, v. 435-436, p. 363-373, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.054.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"373","ipdsId":"IP-031029","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"435-436","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a096bb2e4b09af898c94151","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, Christopher T. 0000-0001-8414-1414 cmills@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-1414","contributorId":150137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Christopher T.","email":"cmills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":717435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156827,"text":"70156827 - 2012 - Loss and modification of habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:19:02","indexId":"70156827","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Loss and modification of habitat","docAbstract":"<p><span>Amphibians live in a wide variety of habitats around the world, many of which have been modified or destroyed by human activities. Most species have unique life history characteristics adapted to specific climates, habitats (e.g., lentic, lotic, terrestrial, arboreal, fossorial, amphibious), and local conditions that provide suitable areas for reproduction, development and growth, shelter from environmental extremes, and predation, as well as connectivity to other populations or habitats. Although some species are entirely aquatic or terrestrial, most amphibians, as their name implies, lead a dual life and require a mosaic of habitats in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. With over 6 billion people on Earth, most species are now persisting in habitats that have been directly or indirectly influenced by human activities. Some species have disappeared where their habitats have been completely destroyed, reduced, or rendered unsuitable. Habitat loss and degradation are widely considered by most researchers as the most important causes of amphibian population decline globally (Barinaga 1990; Wake and Morowitz 1991; Alford and Richards 1999). In this chapter, a background on the diverse habitat requirements of amphibians is provided, followed by a discussion of the effects of urbanization, agriculture, livestock grazing, timber production and harvesting, fire and hazardous fuel management, and roads on amphibians and their habitats. Also briefly discussed is the influence on amphibian habitats of natural disturbances, such as extreme weather events and climate change, given the potential for human activities to impact climate in the longer term. For amphibians in general, microhabitats are of greater importance than for other vertebrates. As ectotherms with a skin that is permeable to water and with naked gelatinous eggs, amphibians are physiologically constrained to be active during environmental conditions that provide appropriate body temperatures and adequate water balance (Thorson and Svihla 1943; Brattstrom 1963; Tracy 1976). Hence, individuals require and seek specific microhabitats that maintain their preferred body temperature while at the same time reducing water loss or allowing individuals to re-hydrate. Amphibians also possess relatively few physical attributes that protect them from predators. Although they may avoid predators behaviourally or deter them by skin toxins, amphibians lack defensive shells or hardened cuticles, do not have protective teeth or claws, and most are insufficiently fast to escape predators. Hence, they are relatively dependent on sites that conceal or protect them from predation. Most amphibians also differ significantly from other vertebrates in possessing a complex two-phase life cycle: the pre-metamorphic larval (tadpole) stage and the post-metamorphic juvenile and adult stage (Wilbur 1980, 1984). Most amphibian species have two distinct econes (Heatwole 1989), each with different habitat requirements, the larvae being aquatic and the post-metamorphic animals more terrestrial. The habitats required by the two phases can differ greatly, but both are essential to the survival of a species. However, amphibian diversity is great and exceptions to this general pattern exist. For example, some species have direct development without going through a larval stage and are fully terrestrial, whereas the larvae of other species can reach sexual maturity without going through metamorphosis (i.e., neoteny) and are fully aquatic.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation and decline of amphibians: ecological aspects, effect of humans, and management","language":"English","publisher":"Surrey Beatty","usgsCitation":"Lemckert, F., Hecnar, S., and Pilliod, D., 2012, Loss and modification of habitat, chap. <i>of</i> Conservation and decline of amphibians: ecological aspects, effect of humans, and management.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307701,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e18636e4b05561fa206acb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wilkinson, John W.","contributorId":147014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkinson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570726,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heatwole, Harold","contributorId":147199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heatwole","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570727,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Lemckert, Francis","contributorId":147197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemckert","given":"Francis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hecnar, Stephen","contributorId":147198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hecnar","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518 dpilliod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","email":"dpilliod@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035458,"text":"70035458 - 2012 - Geochemical constraints on adakites of different origins and copper mineralization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-13T20:05:13.127307","indexId":"70035458","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical constraints on adakites of different origins and copper mineralization","docAbstract":"<p><span>The petrogenesis of adakites holds important clues to the formation of the continental crust and copper ± gold porphyry mineralization. However, it remains highly debated as to whether adakites form by slab melting, by partial melting of the lower continental crust, or by fractional crystallization of normal arc magmas. Here, we show that to form adakitic signature, partial melting of a subducting oceanic slab would require high pressure at depths of &gt;50 km, whereas partial melting of the lower continental crust would require the presence of plagioclase and thus shallower depths and additional water. These two types of adakites can be discriminated using geochemical indexes. Compiled data show that adakites from circum-Pacific regions, which have close affinity to subduction of young hot oceanic plate, can be clearly discriminated from adakites from the Dabie Mountains and the Tibetan Plateau, which have been attributed to partial melting of continental crust, in Sr/Y-versus-La/Yb diagram. Given that oceanic crust has copper concentrations about two times higher than those in the continental crust, whereas the high oxygen fugacity in the subduction environment promotes the release of copper during partial melting, slab melting provides the most efficient mechanism to concentrate copper and gold; slab melts would be more than two times greater in copper (and also gold) concentrations than lower continental crust melts and normal arc magmas. Thus, identification of slab melt adakites is important for predicting exploration targets for copper- and gold-porphyry ore deposits. This explains the close association of ridge subduction with large porphyry copper deposits because ridge subduction is the most favorable place for slab melting.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press Books","doi":"10.1086/662736","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Sun, W., Ling, M., Chung, S., Ding, X., Yang, X., Liang, H., Fan, W., Goldfarb, R., and Yin, Q., 2012, Geochemical constraints on adakites of different origins and copper mineralization: Journal of Geology, v. 120, no. 1, p. 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1086/662736.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"120","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215557,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/662736"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Dabie Mountains and the Tibetan Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              101.513671875,\n              22.43134015636061\n            ],\n            [\n              108.720703125,\n              25.958044673317843\n            ],\n            [\n              107.57812499999999,\n              30.600093873550072\n            ],\n            [\n              102.65625,\n              31.50362930577303\n            ],\n            [\n              99.49218749999999,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              99.580078125,\n              25.64152637306577\n            ],\n            [\n              101.513671875,\n              22.43134015636061\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      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X.","contributorId":49990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ding","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yang, X.-Y.","contributorId":9489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"X.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liang, H.-Y.","contributorId":88576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"H.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fan, W.-M.","contributorId":100217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fan","given":"W.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Goldfarb, R.","contributorId":43113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Yin, Q.-Z.","contributorId":64056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yin","given":"Q.-Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70035329,"text":"70035329 - 2012 - Seasonal habitat use and selection by grizzly bears in Northern British Columbia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T18:10:27.798936","indexId":"70035329","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal habitat use and selection by grizzly bears in Northern British Columbia","docAbstract":"<p>We defined patterns of habitat use and selection by female grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Besa-Prophet watershed of northern British Columbia. We fitted 13 adult females with Geographic Positioning System (GPS) radio-collars and monitored them between 2001 and 2004. We examined patterns of habitat selection by grizzly bears relative to topographical attributes and 3 potential surrogates of food availability: land-cover class, vegetation biomass or quality (as measured by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and selection value for prey species themselves (moose [Alces alces], elk [Cervus elaphus], woodland caribou [Rangifer tarandus]. Stone's sheep [Ovis dalli stonei]). Although vegetation biomass and quality, and selection values for prey were important in seasonal selection by some individual bears, land-cover class, elevation, aspect, and vegetation diversity most influenced patterns of habitat selection across grizzly bears, which rely on availability of plant foods and encounters with ungulate prey. Grizzly bears as a group avoided conifer stands and areas of low vegetation diversity, and selected for burned land-cover classes and high vegetation diversity across seasons. They also selected mid elevations from what was available within seasonal ranges. Quantifying relative use of different attributes helped place selection patterns within the context of the landscape. Grizzly bears used higher elevations (1,595 ± 31 m SE) in spring and lower elevations (1,436 ± 27 m) in fall; the range of average elevations used among individuals was highest (500 m) during the summer. During all seasons, grizzly bears most frequented aspects with high solar gain. Use was distributed across 10 land-cover classes and depended on season. Management and conservation actions must maintain a diverse habitat matrix distributed across a large elevational gradient to ensure persistence of grizzly bears as levels of human access increase in the northern Rocky Mountains.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.235","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Milakovic, B., Parker, K., Gustine, D., Lay, R., Walker, A., and Gillingham, M., 2012, Seasonal habitat use and selection by grizzly bears in Northern British Columbia: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 76, no. 1, p. 170-180, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.235.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"170","endPage":"180","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":474832,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.235","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215192,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.235"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Northern British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.05859375,\n              59.88893689676585\n            ],\n            [\n              -139.04296875,\n              60.1524422143808\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.47265625,\n              56.36525013685606\n            ],\n            [\n              -130.60546875,\n              54.16243396806779\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.32226562500001,\n              53.85252660044951\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05859375,\n              59.88893689676585\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88aee4b08c986b316ad9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milakovic, B.","contributorId":100618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milakovic","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parker, K.L.","contributorId":102280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gustine, D.D.","contributorId":82536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lay, R.J.","contributorId":49986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lay","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walker, A.B.D.","contributorId":84169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"A.B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gillingham, M.P.","contributorId":76555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillingham","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70173603,"text":"70173603 - 2012 - Native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife distribution related to temperature and light gradients in Lake Champlain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T16:04:12","indexId":"70173603","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife distribution related to temperature and light gradients in Lake Champlain","docAbstract":"<p><span>Alewife (</span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span>) recently became established in Lake Champlain and may compete with native rainbow smelt (</span><i>Osmerus mordax</i><span>) for food or consume larval rainbow smelt. The strength of this effect depends partly on the spatial and temporal overlap of different age groups of the two species; therefore, we need a better understanding of factors affecting alewife and rainbow smelt distributions in Lake Champlain. We used hydroacoustics, trawls, and gill nets to document vertical fish distribution, and recorded environmental data during 16&nbsp;day&ndash;night surveys over two years. Temperature, temperature change, and light were all predictors of adult and age-0 rainbow smelt distribution, and temperature and light were predictors of age-0 alewives' distribution (based on GAMM models evaluated with AIC). Adult alewives were 5&ndash;30&nbsp;m shallower and age-0 alewives were 2&ndash;15&nbsp;m shallower than their rainbow smelt counterparts. Adult rainbow smelt distribution overlapped with age-0 rainbow smelt and age-0 alewives near the thermocline (10&ndash;25&nbsp;m), whereas adult alewives were shallower (0&ndash;6&nbsp;m) and overlapped with age-0 alewives and rainbow smelt in the epilimnion. Adult rainbow smelt were in water &lt;&nbsp;10&ndash;12&nbsp;&deg;C, whereas age-0 rainbow smelt were in 10&ndash;20&nbsp;&deg;C, and adult and age-0 alewives were in 15&ndash;22&nbsp;&deg;C water. Predicting these species distributions is necessary for quantifying the strength of predatory and competitive interactions between alewife and rainbow smelt, as well as between alewife and other fish species in Lake Champlain.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2011.06.002","usgsCitation":"Parrish, D.L., Simonin, P.W., Rudstam, L.G., Sullivan, P., and Pientka, B., 2012, Native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife distribution related to temperature and light gradients in Lake Champlain: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 38, no. 1, p. 115-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2011.06.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"122","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025329","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.22250366210938,\n              44.457309801319305\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.29391479492188,\n              44.46025037930627\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.33511352539062,\n              44.3670601700202\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.21563720703125,\n              44.37196862007497\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.21975708007812,\n              44.449467536006935\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.22250366210938,\n              44.457309801319305\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f062e4b04f417c24dcf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrish, Donna L. 0000-0001-9693-6329 dparrish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9693-6329","contributorId":138661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Donna","email":"dparrish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simonin, Paul W.","contributorId":171499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simonin","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":18160,"text":"Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G.","contributorId":56609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sullivan, Patrick J.","contributorId":97813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Patrick J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pientka, Bernard","contributorId":171500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pientka","given":"Bernard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174123,"text":"70174123 - 2012 - Expert knowledge as a foundation for the management of secretive species and their habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T13:22:05","indexId":"70174123","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Expert knowledge as a foundation for the management of secretive species and their habitat","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this chapter, we share lessons learned during the elicitation and application of expert knowledge in the form of a belief network model for the habitat of a waterbird, the King Rail (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Rallus elegans</i><span>). A belief network is a statistical framework used to graphically represent and evaluate hypothesized cause and effect relationships among variables. Our model was a pilot project to explore the value of such a model as a tool to help the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) conserve species that lack sufficient empirical data to guide management decisions. Many factors limit the availability of empirical data that can support landscape-scale conservation planning. Globally, most species simply have not yet been subject to empirical study (Wilson 2000). Even for well-studied species, data are often restricted to specific geographic extents, to particular seasons, or to specific segments of a species’ life history. The USFWS mandates that the agency’s conservation actions (1) be coordinated across regional landscapes, (2) be founded on the best available science (with testable assumptions), and (3) support adaptive management through monitoring and assessment of action outcomes. Given limits on the available data, the concept of “best available science” in the context of conservation planning generally includes a mix of empirical data and expert knowledge (Sullivan et al. 2006).</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Expert knowledge and its application in landscape ecology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer New York","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4614-1034-8","usgsCitation":"Drew, C.A., and Collazo, J., 2012, Expert knowledge as a foundation for the management of secretive species and their habitat, chap. <i>of</i> Expert knowledge and its application in landscape ecology, p. 87-107, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1034-8.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"107","ipdsId":"IP-030006","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a3be4b0571647cf8dd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drew, C. Ashton","contributorId":140953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drew","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ashton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70197987,"text":"70197987 - 2012 - Correlation of early Paleogene global diversity patterns of large benthic foraminifera with Paleocene-Eocene hyperthermal events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-03T10:17:44","indexId":"70197987","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3000,"text":"Palaios","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of early Paleogene global diversity patterns of large benthic foraminifera with Paleocene-Eocene hyperthermal events","docAbstract":"<p><span>Large benthic foraminifera (LBF) were major contributors to many Paleogene carbonate platforms around the world. These photosymbiotic foraminifera lived in warm, oligotrophic, shallow waters within the photic zone. Such Paleogene families as the nummulitids, alveolinids, and orthophragminids rose to prominence in the late Paleocene, thrived in the early and middle Eocene, and declined in the late Eocene and Oligocene. Diversity data from these three families were studied to understand better the controls on the rise of Paleogene LBFs. Analyzed data included total diversity (total number of species per biozone), number of first occurrences per biozone, and number of last occurrences per biozone. Results indicate that there were four intervals of increased total diversity, increased first occurrence, and increased last occurrence for all three families studied. These four intervals follow closely after important climatic events within the Paleogene: the mid-Paleocene biotic event (MPBE), the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM, a hyperthermal event), the early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO) and the middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO). The shallow marine biotic community, on a global scale, reacted to such climatic warming events as the MPBE, PETM, EECO, and MECO, based on these diversity trends. Our data also show a pattern of an increase in the number of last occurrences followed by an increase in the number of first occurrences, which suggests that the overall increase in species diversity is due to faunal turnover, as has been interpreted for the large benthic foraminiferal turnover that occurred at the PETM.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.2110/palo.2010.p10-109r","usgsCitation":"Whidden, K.J., and Jones, R.J., 2012, Correlation of early Paleogene global diversity patterns of large benthic foraminifera with Paleocene-Eocene hyperthermal events: Palaios, v. 27, no. 4, p. 235-251, https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2010.p10-109r.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"251","ipdsId":"IP-022808","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355484,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":355480,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/sepm/palaios/article/27/4/235/146258/correlation-of-early-paleogene-global-diversity"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46f6ebe4b060350a15d3bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whidden, Katherine J. 0000-0002-7841-2553 kwhidden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7841-2553","contributorId":3960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whidden","given":"Katherine","email":"kwhidden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Robert J.","contributorId":206118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37250,"text":"Natural History Museum, London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035397,"text":"70035397 - 2012 - Concentration, distribution, and translocation of mercury and methylmercury in mine-waste, sediment, soil, water, and fish collected near the Abbadia San Salvatore mercury mine, Monte Amiata district, Italy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-21T19:37:12","indexId":"70035397","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentration, distribution, and translocation of mercury and methylmercury in mine-waste, sediment, soil, water, and fish collected near the Abbadia San Salvatore mercury mine, Monte Amiata district, Italy","docAbstract":"The distribution and translocation of mercury (Hg) was studied in the Paglia River ecosystem, located downstream from the inactive Abbadia San Salvatore mine (ASSM). The ASSM is part of the Monte Amiata Hg district, Southern Tuscany, Italy, which was one of the world’s largest Hg districts. Concentrations of Hg and methyl-Hg were determined in mine-waste calcine (retorted ore), sediment, water, soil, and freshwater fish collected from the ASSM and the downstream Paglia River. Concentrations of Hg in calcine samples ranged from 25 to 1500 μg/g, all of which exceeded the industrial soil contamination level for Hg of 5 μg/g used in Italy. Stream and lake sediment samples collected downstream from the ASSM ranged in Hg concentration from 0.26 to 15 μg/g, of which more than 50% exceeded the probable effect concentration for Hg of 1.06 μg/g, the concentration above which harmful effects are likely to be observed in sediment-dwelling organisms. Stream and lake sediment methyl-Hg concentrations showed a significant correlation with TOC indicating considerable methylation and potential bioavailability of Hg. Stream water contained Hg as high as 1400 ng/L, but only one water sample exceeded the 1000 ng/L drinking water Hg standard used in Italy. Concentrations of Hg were elevated in freshwater fish muscle samples and ranged from 0.16 to 1.2 μg/g (wet weight), averaged 0.84 μg/g, and 96% of these exceeded the 0.3 μg/g (methyl-Hg, wet weight) USEPA fish muscle standard recommended to protect human health. Analysis of fish muscle for methyl-Hg confirmed that > 90% of the Hg in these fish is methyl-Hg. Such highly elevated Hg concentrations in fish indicated active methylation, significant bioavailability, and uptake of Hg by fish in the Paglia River ecosystem. Methyl-Hg is highly toxic and the high Hg concentrations in these fish represent a potential pathway of Hg to the human food chain.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.065","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Rimondi, V., Gray, J.E., Costagliola, P., Vaselli, O., and Lattanzi, P., 2012, Concentration, distribution, and translocation of mercury and methylmercury in mine-waste, sediment, soil, water, and fish collected near the Abbadia San Salvatore mercury mine, Monte Amiata district, Italy: Science of the Total Environment, v. 414, p. 318-327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.065.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"327","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215259,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.065"}],"country":"Italy","county":"Monte Amiata","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 6.6,35.3 ], [ 6.6,47.1 ], [ 18.8,47.1 ], [ 18.8,35.3 ], [ 6.6,35.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"414","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f981e4b0c8380cd4d641","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rimondi, V.","contributorId":28820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rimondi","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, J. E.","contributorId":49363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Costagliola, P.","contributorId":86988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costagliola","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vaselli, O.","contributorId":93647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaselli","given":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lattanzi, P.","contributorId":40034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lattanzi","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032417,"text":"70032417 - 2012 - PhyloChipTM microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-14T15:41:40.793958","indexId":"70032417","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2390,"text":"Journal of Microbiological Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"PhyloChip<sup>TM</sup> microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology","title":"PhyloChipTM microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology","docAbstract":"<p><span>Interest in coral microbial ecology has been increasing steadily over the last decade, yet standardized methods of sample collection still have not been defined. Two methods were compared for their ability to sample coral-associated microbial communities: tissue punches and foam swabs, the latter being less invasive and preferred by reef managers. Four colonies of star coral,&nbsp;</span><i>Montastraea annularis</i><span>, were sampled in the Dry Tortugas National Park (two healthy and two with white plague disease). The PhyloChip&trade; G3 microarray was used to assess microbial community structure of amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences. Samples clustered based on methodology rather than coral colony. Punch samples from healthy and diseased corals were distinct. All swab samples clustered closely together with the seawater control and did not group according to the health state of the corals. Although more microbial taxa were detected by the swab method, there is a much larger overlap between the water control and swab samples than punch samples, suggesting some of the additional diversity is due to contamination from water absorbed by the swab. While swabs are useful for noninvasive studies of the coral surface mucus layer, these results show that they are not optimal for studies of coral disease.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.mimet.2011.10.019","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, C.A., Piceno, Y., Tom, L.M., DeSantis, T.Z., Zawada, D., and Andersen, G., 2012, PhyloChipTM microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology: Journal of Microbiological Methods, v. 88, no. 1, p. 103-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2011.10.019.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Dry Tortugas National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.76726111255684,\n              24.668880028267623\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.76808893731325,\n              24.70347980045176\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.80244366469317,\n              24.726039692971767\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8670139956724,\n              24.725287762430412\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.90012698591825,\n              24.717768207105777\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.96635296640954,\n              24.647814596972225\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.96511122927551,\n              24.5657760529391\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.89722959927172,\n              24.566528944544928\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.79996019042464,\n              24.616209786360997\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.76767502493483,\n              24.668880028267623\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.76726111255684,\n              24.668880028267623\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7a4be4b0c8380cd78e33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piceno, Yvette M.","contributorId":66977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piceno","given":"Yvette M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tom, Lauren M.","contributorId":92938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tom","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeSantis, Todd Z.","contributorId":101158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSantis","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zawada, David G. 0000-0003-4547-4878 dzawada@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4547-4878","contributorId":1898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"David G.","email":"dzawada@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andersen, Gary L.","contributorId":20679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032665,"text":"70032665 - 2012 - Occurrence and geochemistry of radium in water from principal drinking-water aquifer systems of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-25T10:51:13","indexId":"70032665","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and geochemistry of radium in water from principal drinking-water aquifer systems of the United States","docAbstract":"A total of 1270 raw-water samples (before treatment) were collected from 15 principal and other major aquifer systems (PAs) used for drinking water in 45 states in all major physiographic provinces of the USA and analyzed for concentrations of the Ra isotopes  224Ra,  226Ra and  228Ra establishing the framework for evaluating Ra occurrence. The US Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 0.185Bq/L (5pCi/L) for combined Ra (  226Ra plus  228Ra) for drinking water was exceeded in 4.02% (39 of 971) of samples for which both  226Ra and  228Ra were determined, or in 3.15% (40 of 1266) of the samples in which at least one isotope concentration (  226Ra or  228Ra) was determined. The maximum concentration of combined Ra was 0.755Bq/L (20.4pCi/L) in water from the North Atlantic Coastal Plain quartzose sand aquifer system. All the exceedences of the MCL for combined Ra occurred in water samples from the following 7PAs (in order of decreasing relative frequency of occurrence): the Midcontinent and Ozark Plateau Cambro-Ordovician dolomites and sandstones, the North Atlantic Coastal Plain, the Floridan, the crystalline rocks (granitic, metamorphic) of New England, the Mesozoic basins of the Appalachian Piedmont, the Gulf Coastal Plain, and the glacial sands and gravels (highest concentrations in New England).The concentration of Ra was consistently controlled by geochemical properties of the aquifer systems, with the highest concentrations most likely to be present where, as a consequence of the geochemical environment, adsorption of the Ra was slightly decreased. The result is a slight relative increase in Ra mobility, especially notable in aquifers with poor sorptive capacity (Fe-oxide-poor quartzose sands and carbonates), even if Ra is not abundant in the aquifer solids. The most common occurrence of elevated Ra throughout the USA occurred in anoxic water (low dissolved-O  2) with high concentrations of Fe or Mn, and in places, high concentrations of the competing ions Ca, Mg, Ba and Sr, and occasionally of dissolved solids, K, SO  4 and HCO  3. The other water type to frequently contain elevated concentrations of the Ra radioisotopes was acidic (low pH), and had in places, high concentrations of NO  3 and other acid anions, and on occasion, of the competing divalent cations, Mn and Al. One or the other of these broad water types was commonly present in each of the PAs in which elevated concentrations of combined Ra occurred. Concentrations of  226Ra or  228Ra or combined Ra correlated significantly with those of the above listed water-quality constituents (on the basis of the non-parametric Spearman correlation technique) and loaded on principal components describing the above water types from the entire data set and for samples from the PAs with the highest combined Ra concentrations.Concentrations of  224Ra and  226Ra were significantly correlated to those of  228Ra (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, +0.236 and +0.326, respectively). Activity ratios of  224Ra/  228Ra in the water samples were mostly near 1 when concentrations of both isotopes were greater than or equal to 0.037Bq/L (1pCi/L), the level above which analytical results were most reliable. Co-occurrence among these highest concentrations of the Ra radionuclides was most likely in those PAs where chemical conditions are most conducive to Ra mobility (e.g. acidic North Atlantic Coastal Plain). The concentrations of  224Ra were occasionally greater than 0.037Bq/L and the ratios of  224Ra/  228Ra were generally highest in the PAs composed of alluvial sands and Cretaceous/Tertiary sandstones from the western USA, likely because concentrations of  224Ra are enhanced in solution relative to those of  228Ra by alpha recoil from the aquifer matrix. Rapid adsorption of the two Ra isotopes (controlled by the alkaline and oxic aquifer geochemistry) combined with preferential faster recoil of  224Ra generates a  224Ra/  228Ra ratio much greater than ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.11.002","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Szabo, Z., DePaul, V.T., Fischer, J., Kraemer, T.F., and Jacobsen, E., 2012, Occurrence and geochemistry of radium in water from principal drinking-water aquifer systems of the United States: Applied Geochemistry, v. 27, no. 3, p. 729-752, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.11.002.","startPage":"729","endPage":"752","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474677,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.11.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213923,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.11.002"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6b6ce4b0c8380cd746a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Z. 0000-0002-0760-9607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":44302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DePaul, Vincent T. 0000-0002-7977-5217 vdepaul@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-5217","contributorId":2778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePaul","given":"Vincent","email":"vdepaul@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischer, J.M. 0000-0003-2996-9272","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-9272","contributorId":74419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraemer, T. F.","contributorId":63400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraemer","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobsen, E.","contributorId":101462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobsen","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032662,"text":"70032662 - 2012 - Response of an algal assemblage to nutrient enrichment and shading in a Hawaiian stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-04T06:30:59","indexId":"70032662","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of an algal assemblage to nutrient enrichment and shading in a Hawaiian stream","docAbstract":"<p>To investigate the effects of nitrate enrichment, phosphate enrichment, and light availability on benthic algae, nutrient-diffusing clay flowerpots were colonized with algae at two sites in a Hawaiian stream during spring and autumn 2002 using a randomized factorial design. The algal assemblage that developed under the experimental conditions was investigated by determining biomass (ash-free dry mass and chlorophyll a concentrations) and composition of the diatom assemblage. In situ pulse amplitude-modulated fluorometry was also used to model photosynthetic rate of the algal assemblage. Algal biomass and maximum photosynthetic rate were significantly higher at the unshaded site than at the shaded site. These parameters were higher at the unshaded site with either nitrate, or to a lesser degree, nitrate plus phosphate enrichment. Analysis of similarity of diatom assemblages showed significant differences between shaded and unshaded sites, as well as between spring and autumn experiments, but not between nutrient treatments. However, several individual species of diatoms responded significantly to nitrate enrichment. These results demonstrate that light availability (shaded vs. unshaded) is the primary limiting factor to algal growth in this stream, with nitrogen as a secondary limiting factor.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-011-0947-2","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Stephens, S., Brasher, A., and Smith, C., 2012, Response of an algal assemblage to nutrient enrichment and shading in a Hawaiian stream: Hydrobiologia, v. 683, no. 1, p. 135-150, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0947-2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"150","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501107,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/3349","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Oahu, Waihee Stream","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.8955078125,\n              21.417276156993662\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.77740478515625,\n              21.417276156993662\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.77740478515625,\n              21.49396356306447\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8955078125,\n              21.49396356306447\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8955078125,\n              21.417276156993662\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"683","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa2fe4b0c8380cd861bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephens, S.H.","contributorId":57276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brasher, A.M.D.","contributorId":8213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brasher","given":"A.M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, C.M.","contributorId":93670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032656,"text":"70032656 - 2012 - Fate of 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol in the Redwood River of Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T15:41:12","indexId":"70032656","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol in the Redwood River of Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p><span>The majority of previous research investigating the fate of endocrine-disrupting compounds has focused on single processes generally in controlled laboratory experiments, and limited studies have directly evaluated their fate and transport in rivers. This study evaluated the fate and transport of 4-nonylphenol, 17β-estradiol, and estrone in a 10-km reach of the Redwood River in southwestern Minnesota. The same parcel of water was sampled as it moved downstream, integrating chemical transformation and hydrologic processes. The conservative tracer bromide was used to track the parcel of water being sampled, and the change in mass of the target compounds relative to bromide was determined at two locations downstream from a wastewater treatment plant effluent outfall. In-stream attenuation coefficients (</span><i>k</i><sub>stream</sub><span>) were calculated by assuming first-order kinetics (negative values correspond to attenuation, whereas positive values indicate production). Attenuation of 17β-estradiol (</span><i>k</i><sub>stream</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= −3.2 ± 1.0 day</span><sup>–1</sup><span>) was attributed primarily due to sorption and biodegradation by the stream biofilm and bed sediments. Estrone (</span><i>k</i><sub>stream</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 0.6 ± 0.8 day</span><sup>–1</sup><span>) and 4-nonylphenol (</span><i>k</i><sub>stream</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 1.4 ± 1.9 day</span><sup>–1</sup><span>) were produced in the evaluated 10-km reach, likely due to biochemical transformation from parent compounds (17β-estradiol, 4-nonylphenolpolyethoxylates, and 4-nonyphenolpolyethoxycarboxylates). Despite attenuation, these compounds were transported kilometers downstream, and thus additive concentrations from multiple sources and transformation of parent compounds into degradates having estrogenic activity can explain their environmental persistence and widespread observations of biological disruption in surface waters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es2031664","usgsCitation":"Writer, J.H., Ryan, J.N., Keefe, S.H., and Barber, L.B., 2012, Fate of 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol in the Redwood River of Minnesota: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 2, p. 860-868, https://doi.org/10.1021/es2031664.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"860","endPage":"868","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Redwood River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.416015625,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.416015625,\n              44.54350521320822\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.4384765625,\n              44.54350521320822\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.4384765625,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.416015625,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f0de4b0c8380cd53733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Writer, Jeffrey H. jwriter@usgs.gov","contributorId":1393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Writer","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwriter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keefe, Steffanie H. 0000-0002-3805-6101 shkeefe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3805-6101","contributorId":2843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefe","given":"Steffanie","email":"shkeefe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032618,"text":"70032618 - 2012 - El Niño-Southern oscillation variability from the late cretaceous marca shale of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-06T14:30:39","indexId":"70032618","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"El Niño-Southern oscillation variability from the late cretaceous marca shale of California","docAbstract":"Changes in the possible behavior of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) with global warming have provoked interest in records of ENSO from past “greenhouse” climate states. The latest Cretaceous laminated Marca Shale of California permits a seasonal-scale reconstruction of water column flux events and hence interannual paleoclimate variability. The annual flux cycle resembles that of the modern Gulf of California with diatoms characteristic of spring upwelling blooms followed by silt and clay, and is consistent with the existence of a paleo–North American Monsoon that brought input of terrigenous sediment during summer storms and precipitation runoff. Variation is also indicated in the extent of water column oxygenation by differences in lamina preservation. Time series analysis of interannual variability in terrigenous sediment and diatom flux and in the degree of bioturbation indicates strong periodicities in the quasi-biennial (2.1–2.8 yr) and low-frequency (4.1–6.3 yr) bands both characteristic of ENSO forcing, as well as decadal frequencies. This evidence for robust Late Cretaceous ENSO variability does not support the theory of a “permanent El Niño,” in the sense of a continual El Niño–like state, in periods of warmer climate.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G32329.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Davies, A., Kemp, A.E., Weedon, G.P., and Barron, J.A., 2012, El Niño-Southern oscillation variability from the late cretaceous marca shale of California: Geology, v. 40, no. 1, p. 15-18, https://doi.org/10.1130/G32329.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213698,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G32329.1"},{"id":241352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.9,36.6 ], [ -120.9,36.833333 ], [ -120.7,36.833333 ], [ -120.7,36.6 ], [ -120.9,36.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a087de4b0c8380cd51b35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davies, Andrew","contributorId":71394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kemp, Alan E.S.","contributorId":51993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemp","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weedon, Graham P.","contributorId":13048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weedon","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70194911,"text":"70194911 - 2012 - Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone adjacent to an arid waste-disposal facility, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-29T15:23:25","indexId":"70194911","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone adjacent to an arid waste-disposal facility, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Nevada, Reno","usgsCitation":"Maples, S., 2012, Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone adjacent to an arid waste-disposal facility, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada, 112 p.","productDescription":"112 p.","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","city":"Beatty","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert Research Site","publicComments":"M.S. Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7040d5e4b06e28e9cae4f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maples, S.R.","contributorId":64556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maples","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70032607,"text":"70032607 - 2012 - Holocene aridification of India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T18:01:59.995948","indexId":"70032607","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene aridification of India","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spanning a latitudinal range typical for deserts, the Indian peninsula is fertile instead and sustains over a billion people through monsoonal rains. Despite the strong link between climate and society, our knowledge of the long‐term monsoon variability is incomplete over the Indian subcontinent. Here we reconstruct the Holocene paleoclimate in the core monsoon zone (CMZ) of the Indian peninsula using a sediment core recovered offshore from the mouth of Godavari River. Carbon isotopes of sedimentary leaf waxes provide an integrated and regionally extensive record of the flora in the CMZ and document a gradual increase in aridity‐adapted vegetation from ∼4,000 until 1,700 years ago followed by the persistence of aridity‐adapted plants after that. The oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifer</span><i>Globigerinoides ruber</i><span>detects unprecedented high salinity events in the Bay of Bengal over the last 3,000 years, and especially after 1,700 years ago, which suggest that the CMZ aridification intensified in the late Holocene through a series of sub‐millennial dry episodes. Cultural changes occurred across the Indian subcontinent as the climate became more arid after ∼4,000 years. Sedentary agriculture took hold in the drying central and south India, while the urban Harappan civilization collapsed in the already arid Indus basin. The establishment of a more variable hydroclimate over the last ca. 1,700 years may have led to the rapid proliferation of water‐conservation technology in south India.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011GL050722","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Ponton, C., Giosan, L., Eglinton, T., Fuller, D., Johnson, J., Kumar, P., and Collett, T.S., 2012, Holocene aridification of India: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, no. 3, L03704, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050722.","productDescription":"L03704, 6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474654,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl050722","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214042,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050722"}],"country":"India","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[77.83745,35.49401],[78.91227,34.32194],[78.81109,33.5062],[79.20889,32.99439],[79.17613,32.48378],[78.45845,32.61816],[78.73889,31.51591],[79.72137,30.88271],[81.11126,30.18348],[80.47672,29.72987],[80.08842,28.79447],[81.0572,28.4161],[81.99999,27.92548],[83.30425,27.36451],[84.67502,27.2349],[85.25178,26.7262],[86.02439,26.63098],[87.22747,26.3979],[88.06024,26.41462],[88.1748,26.81041],[88.04313,27.44582],[88.12044,27.87654],[88.73033,28.08686],[88.81425,27.29932],[88.83564,27.09897],[89.74453,26.7194],[90.37327,26.87572],[91.21751,26.80865],[92.03348,26.83831],[92.10371,27.45261],[91.69666,27.77174],[92.50312,27.89688],[93.41335,28.64063],[94.56599,29.27744],[95.4048,29.03172],[96.11768,29.4528],[96.58659,28.83098],[96.24883,28.41103],[97.32711,28.26158],[97.40256,27.88254],[97.05199,27.69906],[97.134,27.08377],[96.41937,27.26459],[95.12477,26.57357],[95.15515,26.00131],[94.60325,25.1625],[94.55266,24.67524],[94.10674,23.85074],[93.32519,24.07856],[93.28633,23.04366],[93.06029,22.70311],[93.16613,22.27846],[92.67272,22.04124],[92.14603,23.6275],[91.86993,23.62435],[91.70648,22.98526],[91.15896,23.50353],[91.46773,24.07264],[91.91509,24.13041],[92.3762,24.97669],[91.7996,25.14743],[90.87221,25.1326],[89.92069,25.26975],[89.83248,25.96508],[89.35509,26.01441],[88.56305,26.44653],[88.20979,25.76807],[88.93155,25.23869],[88.30637,24.86608],[88.08442,24.50166],[88.69994,24.23371],[88.52977,23.63114],[88.87631,22.87915],[89.03196,22.05571],[88.88877,21.69059],[88.2085,21.70317],[86.9757,21.49556],[87.03317,20.74331],[86.49935,20.15164],[85.06027,19.47858],[83.94101,18.30201],[83.18922,17.67122],[82.19279,17.01664],[82.19124,16.55666],[81.69272,16.31022],[80.792,15.95197],[80.3249,15.89918],[80.02507,15.13641],[80.23327,13.83577],[80.28629,13.00626],[79.86255,12.05622],[79.858,10.35728],[79.34051,10.30885],[78.88535,9.54614],[79.18972,9.21654],[78.27794,8.93305],[77.94117,8.25296],[77.5399,7.96553],[76.59298,8.89928],[76.13006,10.29963],[75.74647,11.30825],[75.3961,11.78125],[74.86482,12.74194],[74.61672,13.99258],[74.44386,14.61722],[73.5342,15.99065],[73.11991,17.92857],[72.82091,19.20823],[72.82448,20.4195],[72.63053,21.35601],[71.17527,20.75744],[70.47046,20.87733],[69.16413,22.0893],[69.64493,22.45077],[69.3496,22.84318],[68.17665,23.69197],[68.8426,24.35913],[71.04324,24.35652],[70.8447,25.2151],[70.28287,25.72223],[70.16893,26.49187],[69.51439,26.94097],[70.6165,27.9892],[71.77767,27.91318],[72.82375,28.96159],[73.45064,29.97641],[74.42138,30.97981],[74.40593,31.69264],[75.25864,32.27111],[74.45156,32.7649],[74.10429,33.44147],[73.74995,34.3177],[74.2402,34.74889],[75.75706,34.50492],[76.87172,34.65354],[77.83745,35.49401]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"India\"}}]}","volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31d6e4b0c8380cd5e283","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponton, C.","contributorId":20557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponton","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giosan, L.","contributorId":65292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giosan","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eglinton, T.I.","contributorId":10565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eglinton","given":"T.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuller, D.Q.","contributorId":60454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"D.Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, J.E.","contributorId":44857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kumar, P.","contributorId":45476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70032605,"text":"70032605 - 2012 - Migration of Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi): Evidence of freshwater resident life history types","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-07T17:08:12.472415","indexId":"70032605","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration of Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi): Evidence of freshwater resident life history types","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sakhalin taimen (</span><i>Parahucho perryi</i><span>) range from the Russian Far East mainland along the Sea of Japan coast, and Sakhalin, Kuril, and Hokkaido Islands and are considered to primarily be an anadromous species. We used otolith strontium-to-calcium ratios (Sr/Ca) to determine the chronology of migration between freshwater and saltwater and identify migratory contingents of taimen collected from the Koppi River, Russia. In addition, we examined taimen from the Sarufutsu River, Japan and Tumnin River, Russia that were captured in marine waters. Transects of otolith Sr/Ca for the Sarufutsu River fish were consistent with patterns observed in anadromous salmonids. Two fish from the Tumnin River appeared to be recent migrants to saltwater and one fish was characterized by an otolith Sr/Ca transect consistent with marine migration. Using these transects as benchmarks, all Koppi River taimen were classified as freshwater residents. These findings suggest more work is needed to assess life history variability among locations and the role of freshwater productivity in controlling migratory behavior in taimen.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10641-011-9908-x","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, C.E., Rand, P., Fukushima, M., and Zolotukhin, S., 2012, Migration of Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi): Evidence of freshwater resident life history types: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 93, no. 2, p. 223-232, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-011-9908-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"232","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan, Russia","otherGeospatial":"Tumnin River, Koppi River, Sarufutsu River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              138.69140625,\n              46.31658418182218\n            ],\n            [\n              143.173828125,\n              46.31658418182218\n            ],\n            [\n              143.173828125,\n              54.213861000644926\n            ],\n            [\n              138.69140625,\n              54.213861000644926\n            ],\n            [\n              138.69140625,\n              46.31658418182218\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5702e4b0c8380cd6d9b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rand, P.S.","contributorId":17561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rand","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fukushima, M.","contributorId":28082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fukushima","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zolotukhin, S.F.","contributorId":50737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zolotukhin","given":"S.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032584,"text":"70032584 - 2012 - Foraging segregation and genetic divergence between geographically proximate colonies of a highly mobile seabird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T20:05:34.775007","indexId":"70032584","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging segregation and genetic divergence between geographically proximate colonies of a highly mobile seabird","docAbstract":"<p><span>Foraging segregation may play an important role in the maintenance of animal diversity, and is a proposed mechanism for promoting genetic divergence within seabird species. However, little information exists regarding its presence among seabird populations. We investigated genetic and foraging divergence between two colonies of endangered Hawaiian petrels (</span><i>Pterodroma sandwichensis</i><span>) nesting on the islands of Hawaii and Kauai using the mitochondrial&nbsp;</span><i>Cytochrome b</i><span>&nbsp;gene and carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen isotope values (δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C, δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N and δD, respectively) of feathers. Genetic analyses revealed strong differentiation between colonies on Hawaii and Kauai, with Φ</span><sub>ST</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.50 (</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.0001). Coalescent-based analyses gave estimates of &lt;1 migration event per 1,000 generations. Hatch-year birds from Kauai had significantly lower δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C and δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N values than those from Hawaii. This is consistent with Kauai birds provisioning chicks with prey derived from near or north of the Hawaiian Islands, and Hawaii birds provisioning young with prey from regions of the equatorial Pacific characterized by elevated δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N values at the food web base. δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N values of Kauai and Hawaii adults differed significantly, indicating additional foraging segregation during molt. Feather δD varied from −69 to 53‰. This variation cannot be related solely to an isotopically homogeneous ocean water source or evaporative water loss. Instead, we propose the involvement of salt gland excretion. Our data demonstrate the presence of foraging segregation between proximately nesting seabird populations, despite high species mobility. This ecological diversity may facilitate population coexistence, and its preservation should be a focus of conservation strategies.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer- Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s00442-011-2085-y","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Wiley, A.E., Welch, A., Ostrom, P., James, H.F., Stricker, C.A., Fleischer, R., Gandhi, H., Adams, J., Ainley, D., Duvall, F., Holmes, N., Hu, D., Judge, S., Penniman, J., and Swindle, K., 2012, Foraging segregation and genetic divergence between geographically proximate colonies of a highly mobile seabird: Oecologia, v. 168, no. 1, p. 119-130, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2085-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"130","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Duvall, F.","contributorId":89250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duvall","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Holmes, N.","contributorId":105131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hu, D.","contributorId":11420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Judge, S.","contributorId":99785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Judge","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Penniman, J.","contributorId":16661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penniman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Swindle, K.A.","contributorId":56414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swindle","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70032437,"text":"70032437 - 2012 - Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T19:07:43.93667","indexId":"70032437","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Monthly phosphorus loads from uplands,&nbsp;atmospheric deposition, and&nbsp;wastewater&nbsp;to Rehoboth Bay (Delaware) were determined from October 1998 to April 2002 to evaluate the relative importance of these three sources of P to the Bay. Loads from a representative&nbsp;</span>subwatershed<span>&nbsp;were determined and used in an areal extrapolation to estimate the upland load from the entire watershed. Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and dissolved organic P (DOP) are the predominant forms of P in baseflow and P loads from the watershed are highest during the summer months. Particulate phosphorus (PP) becomes more significant in stormflow and during periods with more frequent or larger storms. Atmospheric deposition of P is only a minor source of P to Rehoboth Bay. During the period of 1998–2002, wastewater was the dominant external source of P to Rehoboth Bay, often exceeding all other P sources combined. Since 2002, however, due to technical improvements to the sole wastewater plant discharging directly to the Bay, the wastewater contribution of P has been significantly reduced and upland waters are now the principal source of P on an annualized basis. Based on comparison of N and P loads, primary productivity and&nbsp;biomass&nbsp;carrying capacity in Rehoboth Bay should be limited by P availability. However, due to the contrasting spatial and temporal patterns of N and P loading and perhaps internal cycling within the ecosystem,&nbsp;spatial and temporal variations&nbsp;in N and P-limitation within Rehoboth Bay are likely.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.023","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Volk, J., Scudlark, J., Savidge, K., Andres, A., Stenger, R., and Ullman, W., 2012, Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA): Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 96, no. 1, p. 139-150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.023.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"150","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214065,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.023"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Rehoboth Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              38.50519140240356\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.99542236328125,\n              38.50519140240356\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.99542236328125,\n              38.89744587262311\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              38.89744587262311\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              38.50519140240356\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3db8e4b0c8380cd637a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Volk, J.A.","contributorId":20497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volk","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scudlark, J.R.","contributorId":86952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scudlark","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savidge, K.B.","contributorId":95254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savidge","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andres, A.S.","contributorId":84557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andres","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stenger, R.J.","contributorId":7513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenger","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ullman, W.J.","contributorId":28796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ullman","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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