The 2010 MW 7.2 El Mayor‐Cucapah earthquake ruptured a zone of ~120 km in length in northern Baja California. The geographic distribution of this earthquake sequence was well constrained by waveform relocation. The depth distribution, however, was poorly determined as it is near the edge of, or outside, the Southern California Seismic Network. Here we use two complementary methods to constrain the focal depths of moderate‐sized events (M ≥ 4.0) in this sequence. We first determine the absolute earthquake depth by modeling the regional depth phases at high frequencies (~1 Hz). We mainly focus on Pn and its depth phases pPn and sPn, which arrive early at regional distance and are less contaminated by crustal multiples. To facilitate depth phase identification and to improve signal‐to‐noise ratio, we take advantage of the dense Southern California Seismic Network and use array analysis to align and stack Pn waveforms. For events without clear depth phases, we further determine their relative depths with respect to those with known depths using differential travel times of the Pn, direct P, and direct S phases recorded for event pairs. Focal depths of 93 out of 122 M ≥ 4.0 events are tightly constrained with absolute uncertainty of about 1 km. Aftershocks are clustered in the depth range of 3–10 km, suggesting a relatively shallow seismogenic zone, consistent with high surface heat flow in this region. Most aftershocks are located outside or near the lower terminus of coseismic high‐slip patches of the main shock, which may be governed by residual strains, local stress concentration, or postseismic slip.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018JB016982","usgsCitation":"Yu, C., Hauksson, E., Zhan, Z., Cochran, E.S., and Helmberger, D., 2019, Depth determination of the 2010 El Mayor‐Cucapah earthquake sequence (M ≥ 4.0): Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 124, p. 6801-6814, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016982.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"6801","endPage":"6814","ipdsId":"IP-102835","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016982","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":368935,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Baja California","otherGeospatial":"Cucapah Fault, El Mayor Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.52099609375,\n 32.74570253945518\n ],\n [\n -115.8837890625,\n 31.109388560814963\n ],\n [\n -115.1806640625,\n 31.269160890477654\n ],\n [\n -115.29052734375,\n 31.695455797778713\n ],\n [\n -115.8233642578125,\n 32.84267363195431\n ],\n [\n -116.52099609375,\n 32.74570253945518\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"124","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yu, C.","contributorId":216383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hauksson, E.","contributorId":196003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hauksson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhan, Z.","contributorId":216384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhan","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Helmberger, D.","contributorId":216385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helmberger","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203573,"text":"sir20195047 - 2019 - Hydrologic site assessment for passive treatment of groundwater nitrogen with permeable reactive barriers, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-03T15:13:24","indexId":"sir20195047","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-02T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5047","displayTitle":"Hydrologic Site Assessment for Passive Treatment of Groundwater Nitrogen With Permeable Reactive Barriers, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","title":"Hydrologic site assessment for passive treatment of groundwater nitrogen with permeable reactive barriers, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Wastewater disposal associated with rapid population growth and development on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, during the past several decades has resulted in widespread contamination of groundwater with nitrogen. As a result, water quality in many of the streams, lakes, and coastal embayments on Cape Cod is impaired by excess nitrogen. To reduce nitrogen loads to these impaired water bodies, watershed-based planning is currently [2019] underway following a regional strategy, the section 208 areawide water-quality management plan update for Cape Cod. In the updated plan, traditional (sewering) and alternative wastewater management options are under consideration for restoring water quality in impaired surface-water bodies. Permeable reactive barriers, which are reactive zones emplaced below the water table for passive treatment of groundwater contaminants, are one of the alternatives being considered by Cape Cod towns as a potentially cost-effective technology for the removal of nitrogen from groundwater. However, the effectiveness of permeable reactive barriers depends on local conditions, and site-specific hydrologic and water-quality data are needed to inform the decision to install a permeable reactive barrier in a given location. These data are not available in most locations on Cape Cod; consequently, site assessments are needed before selecting this treatment option.
To address this need, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Geological Survey, and Cape Cod Commission formed a technical team in 2015 to develop and evaluate a hydrologic site-assessment approach for permeable reactive barrier installation. The approach developed by the technical team includes a preliminary regional assessment followed by a phased onsite investigation. The approach was intended to provide the hydrologic data needed to make informed decisions on site suitability and to support installation and monitoring should the site be deemed appropriate for a permeable reactive barrier. The factors that were evaluated to characterize local hydrologic conditions and inform site selection included groundwater flow directions and rates, depth to the water table, hydraulic conductivity and degree of heterogeneity of the aquifer, spatial distribution and concentration of nitrate and oxidation-reduction-sensitive constituents, thickness and depth of the treatment zone, distance to downgradient water bodies, and access for drilling and permeable reactive barrier installation. The approach was demonstrated on Cape Cod by conducting a preliminary assessment of 27 sites, from which 5 sites were selected for onsite investigations. Results indicated that the site-assessment approach was successful for screening sites and characterizing the geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality conditions at the sites selected for onsite investigations. Overall, the phased assessment evaluated in this study provided an efficient means of obtaining the hydrologic information needed to determine if a site was suitable for permeable reactive barrier installation on Cape Cod for the passive treatment of nitrogen in groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Barbaro, J.R., Belaval, M., Truslow, D.B., LeBlanc, D.R., Cambareri, T.C., and Michaud, S.C., 2019, Hydrologic site assessment for passive treatment of groundwater nitrogen with permeable reactive barriers, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5047, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195047.","productDescription":"viii, 39 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-104222","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365261,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5047/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":365262,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5047/sir20195047.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019-5047"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.24932861328125,\n 42.06356771883277\n ],\n [\n -70.2081298828125,\n 42.02481360781777\n ],\n [\n -70.1806640625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -70.16693115234375,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -70.18890380859375,\n 42.04317376494972\n ],\n [\n -70.16143798828125,\n 42.06356771883277\n ],\n [\n -70.11199951171875,\n 42.04113400940807\n ],\n [\n -70.07904052734375,\n 41.92475971933975\n ],\n [\n -70.0653076171875,\n 41.89818843043047\n ],\n [\n -70.0543212890625,\n 41.920672548686824\n ],\n [\n -70.02960205078125,\n 41.92271616673922\n ],\n [\n -70.0213623046875,\n 41.887965758804484\n ],\n [\n -70.00762939453125,\n 41.81021999190292\n ],\n [\n -70.07080078125,\n 41.777456667491066\n ],\n [\n -70.125732421875,\n 41.76106872528616\n ],\n [\n -70.16693115234375,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -70.20263671875,\n 41.748775021355044\n ],\n [\n -70.257568359375,\n 41.7180304600481\n ],\n [\n -70.279541015625,\n 41.72828028223453\n ],\n [\n -70.345458984375,\n 41.74262728637672\n ],\n [\n -70.44158935546875,\n 41.75287318430239\n ],\n [\n -70.49102783203125,\n 41.77336007442076\n ],\n [\n -70.55145263671875,\n 41.775408403663285\n ],\n [\n -70.587158203125,\n 41.748775021355044\n ],\n [\n -70.6201171875,\n 41.73647896274239\n ],\n [\n -70.65582275390625,\n 41.68316883525891\n ],\n [\n -70.6475830078125,\n 41.64213096472801\n ],\n [\n -70.653076171875,\n 41.60312076451184\n ],\n [\n -70.64208984375,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -70.78765869140625,\n 41.47771800887871\n ],\n [\n -70.94146728515625,\n 41.42625319507269\n ],\n [\n -70.94970703125,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -70.86181640625,\n 41.41801503608024\n ],\n [\n -70.784912109375,\n 41.4509614012039\n ],\n [\n -70.653076171875,\n 41.51680395810118\n ],\n [\n -70.6201171875,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -70.5487060546875,\n 41.53531012183376\n ],\n [\n -70.48828125,\n 41.54764462357737\n ],\n [\n -70.4443359375,\n 41.588742636696765\n ],\n [\n -70.43060302734375,\n 41.60517452129933\n ],\n [\n -70.39764404296875,\n 41.60722821271717\n ],\n [\n -70.367431640625,\n 41.61749568924243\n ],\n [\n -70.3125,\n 41.6257084937525\n ],\n [\n -70.26580810546875,\n 41.60928183876483\n ],\n [\n -70.24108886718749,\n 41.6257084937525\n ],\n [\n -70.17791748046875,\n 41.65239288426814\n ],\n [\n -70.13946533203124,\n 41.65034063112266\n ],\n [\n -70.06805419921875,\n 41.66470503009207\n ],\n [\n -70.015869140625,\n 41.668808555620586\n ],\n [\n -69.98016357421875,\n 41.65239288426814\n ],\n [\n -70.0103759765625,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -70.0103759765625,\n 41.539421883822854\n ],\n [\n -69.9884033203125,\n 41.54764462357737\n ],\n [\n -69.98016357421875,\n 41.59490508367679\n ],\n [\n -69.92523193359375,\n 41.68316883525891\n ],\n [\n -69.93072509765625,\n 41.81431422987254\n ],\n [\n -69.97467041015625,\n 41.94927724511655\n ],\n [\n -70.048828125,\n 42.039094188385945\n ],\n [\n -70.13397216796875,\n 42.07783959017503\n ],\n [\n -70.21087646484375,\n 42.08803181932636\n ],\n [\n -70.24932861328125,\n 42.06356771883277\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Road, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275-3718
We investigate the late Miocene‐Pleistocene offshore sedimentary record of the Yakutat microplate to evaluate the spatial and temporal variations in rock exhumation and sediment routing patterns at the heavily glaciated and actively converging plate boundary in southeast Alaska. We present 1,456 new fission track ages and 1,372 new U‐Pb ages from double‐dated detrital zircons derived from fourteen samples collected from offshore. We integrate our results with published geochronology and thermochronology data onland and offshore in order to constrain grain provenance. We find that offshore strata deposited east of the fold and thrust belt are sourced from the rapidly exhuming areas along the entire Fairweather Fault, the northeastern part of the syntaxial region, as well as the slowly exhuming Insular superterrane. In contrast, the western strata are sourced from the emerging fold and thrust belt and the Chugach Metamorphic Complex located north of the plate boundary. In these samples we identified a change in sediment provenance, which we suggest marks the capture of the Bagley Ice Valley by the proto‐Bering Glacier at the transition from the early to late Pliocene. This implies that the modern Bagley‐Bering Glacier System is much older than previously known. Strata deposited at ~8.6 Ma suggest that extreme rapid exhumation was already ongoing in the late Miocene, which supports previous findings in deep‐sea deposits. Overall, the data help discern several stages in the evolution of sediment routing patterns in response to dynamic tectonic and surficial processes along this active convergent margin.
In tectonically active regions, post-earthquake motions are generally shaped by a combination of continued fault slippage (afterslip) on a timescale of days to months and viscoelastic relaxation of the lower crust and upper mantle on a timescale of days to years. Transient crustal motions have been observed following numerous magnitude >~7 earthquakes in various tectonic settings: continental rift zones (Basin and Range), continental plate boundary zones (San Andreas fault corridor; Alaska; Turkey), subduction zones (Japan, Chile, Sumatra), ongoing continental collision zones (Arabia; Tibet), and mid-ocean rifting zones (Iceland). When afterslip can be discriminated from viscoelastic relaxation and when temporal coverage of the postseismic measurements is broad (i.e., geodetic surveys of at least several years duration are available), a wide spectrum of relaxation timescales are usually identified. Current temporal resolution and modeling approaches (e.g., Burgers body analog) allow identification of transient (Kelvin) and steady-state (Maxwell) viscosities that are operable in the short-term and long-term, respectively. I compile results from 40 studies of post-earthquake motions, augmented by ten studies of contemporary surface loading or unloading, that illuminate current estimates of transient and steady-state viscosity of the lower crust and/or uppermost mantle. Lower crust viscosity estimates range from ~1018 to 1021 Pa s, with most estimates near the upper end except in areas of overthickened crust. Mantle lithosphere and asthenosphere viscosity estimates are particularly abundant and yield a picture of transient viscosity ranging from ~1016 to 1019 Pa s and steady-state viscosity ranging from ~1018 to 1021 Pa s. To first order, both transient and steady-state viscosities are well correlated with regional heat flow, and steady-state viscosities are comparable with temperature and strain-rate dependent rock viscosities from laboratory-based flow laws.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2019.106271","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., 2019, Lithosphere and shallow asthenosphere rheology from observations of post-earthquake relaxation: Physics of Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 293, 106271, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2019.106271.","productDescription":"106271, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106528","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"293","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, Frederick 0000-0002-4060-2706 fpollitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-2706","contributorId":139578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70205595,"text":"70205595 - 2019 - Modeling transient soil moisture limitations on microbial carbon respiration: A cost-performance comparison","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-27T09:43:37","indexId":"70205595","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-02T09:06:55","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling transient soil moisture limitations on microbial carbon respiration: A cost-performance comparison","docAbstract":"Soil microorganisms are known to survive periods of aridity and to recover rapidly after wetting events, with the ability to transition between a dormant state in dry conditions and an active state in wet conditions. Though this dynamic behavior has been previously incorporated into soil carbon respiration modeling frameworks, a direct comparison between this active-dormant transition mechanism and a more simplified first-order model has yet to be made. Here, we demonstrate the necessary extent of model complexity needed to reproduce transient carbon respiration rates obtained from a set of soil incubation experiments implemented over a range of soil depths and time intervals. Two approaches are tested, one uses simplified first-order kinetics whereas the other employs a transition between active and dormant biomass. The performance of each model is evaluated using an Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) based on the accuracy with which they reproduce an experimental dataset consisting of two sets of time series soil incubations collected across a range of time and depth resolutions. Based on the AIC evaluation and model-data comparison, we conclude that a dormancy-enabled model featuring two distinct microbial strategists performs best for the majority of the soil profile (above 108 cm) for both high- and low- depth resolution and sampling frequency, despite the added parameters required. In contrast, the first-order model achieves better AIC scores when simulating our deepest soils (112-165 cm), where moisture fluctuations are expected to be less prevalent. These results guide how and where we choose to apply more cost intensive models.","language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2018JG004628","usgsCitation":"Liu, Y., Lawrence, C.R., Mathew Winnick, Hsiao-Tieh Hsu, Maher, K., and Druhan, J., 2019, Modeling transient soil moisture limitations on microbial carbon respiration: A cost-performance comparison: Biogeosciences, v. 124, no. 7, p. 2222-2247, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004628.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"2222","endPage":"2247","ipdsId":"IP-091717","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jg004628","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Yuchen","contributorId":219247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Yuchen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39974,"text":"University Illinois","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Corey R. 0000-0001-6143-7781","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6143-7781","contributorId":202390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Corey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mathew Winnick","contributorId":219248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mathew Winnick","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hsiao-Tieh Hsu","contributorId":219249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hsiao-Tieh Hsu","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maher, Katherine","contributorId":219250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maher","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Druhan, Jennifer","contributorId":202381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Druhan","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36403,"text":"University of Illinois","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70204499,"text":"70204499 - 2019 - Hydroacoustic, seismic, and bathymetric observations of the 2014 submarine eruption at Ahyi Seamount, Mariana Arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-13T15:19:39","indexId":"70204499","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-02T07:30:53","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydroacoustic, seismic, and bathymetric observations of the 2014 submarine eruption at Ahyi Seamount, Mariana Arc","docAbstract":"Ahyi seamount, a shallow submarine volcano in the Northern Mariana Islands, began erupting on April 23, 2014. Hydroacoustic eruption signals were observed on the regional Mariana seismic network and on distant hydrophones, and NOAA scuba divers working in the area soon after the eruption began heard and felt underwater explosion sounds. The NOAA crew observed yellow orange bubble mats along the shore of neighboring Farallon de Pájaros island, but no other surface manifestations of the eruption were reported by the crew or observed in satellite data. Here, we detail the eruption chronology and its morphologic impacts through analysis of seismic and hydroacoustic recordings and repeat bathymetric mapping. Throughout the 2-week-long eruption, Ahyi produced several thousand short, impulsive hydroacoustic signals that we interpret as underwater explosions as well as tremor near the beginning and end of the sequence. The initial tremor, which occurred for 2 hours, is interpreted as small phreatomagmatic explosions. This tremor was followed by a 90 min pause before the characteristic impulsive signals began. Occasional tremor (lasting up to a few minutes) during the last 1.5 days of the eruption is interpreted as more sustained eruptive activity. Bathymetric changes show that a new crater, about 150 m deep, formed near the former summit and a large landslide chute formed on the southeastern flank. Comparing to other geophysically-detected submarine eruptions, we find that the signals from the 2014 Ahyi eruption were more similar to those from other shallow or at surface submarine eruptions than those at deep (>500 m) eruptions.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2019GC008311","usgsCitation":"Tepp, G., Chadwick, W.W., Haney, M.M., Lyons, J.J., Robert Dziak, Merle, S., Butterfield, D., and Young, C.W., 2019, Hydroacoustic, seismic, and bathymetric observations of the 2014 submarine eruption at Ahyi Seamount, Mariana Arc: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 20, no. 7, p. 3608-3627, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008311.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"3608","endPage":"3627","ipdsId":"IP-105686","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tepp, Gabrielle 0000-0001-5388-5138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-5138","contributorId":206305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tepp","given":"Gabrielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chadwick, William W.","contributorId":216757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chadwick","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":39510,"text":"NOAA/CIMRS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. 0000-0003-3317-7884 mhaney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-7884","contributorId":172948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, John J. 0000-0001-5409-1698 jlyons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5409-1698","contributorId":5394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"John","email":"jlyons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robert Dziak","contributorId":217675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robert Dziak","affiliations":[{"id":39567,"text":"NOAA/PMEL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Merle, Susan","contributorId":217676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merle","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39568,"text":"Oregon State University/CIMRS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Butterfield, Dave","contributorId":217677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39682,"text":"University of Washington/JISAO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Young, Charles W.","contributorId":217678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":39683,"text":"NOAA/PIFSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70208026,"text":"70208026 - 2019 - Potential vulnerability of 348 herbaceous species to atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-24T17:05:49","indexId":"70208026","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T16:57:19","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5201,"text":"Nature Plants","onlineIssn":"2055-0278","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential vulnerability of 348 herbaceous species to atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur in the United States","docAbstract":"Atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur pollution increased over much of the United States during the twentieth century from fossil fuel combustion and industrial agriculture. Despite recent declines, nitrogen and sulfur deposition continue to affect many plant communities in the United States, although which species are at risk remains uncertain. We used species composition data from >14,000 survey sites across the contiguous United States to evaluate the association between nitrogen and sulfur deposition and the probability of occurrence for 348 herbaceous species. We found that the probability of occurrence for 70% of species was negatively associated with nitrogen or sulfur deposition somewhere in the contiguous United States (56% for N, 51% for S). Of the species, 15% and 51% potentially decreased at all nitrogen and sulfur deposition rates, respectively, suggesting thresholds below the minimum deposition they receive. Although more species potentially increased than decreased with nitrogen deposition, increasers tended to be introduced and decreasers tended to be higher-value native species. More vulnerable species tended to be shorter with lower tissue nitrogen and magnesium. These relationships constitute predictive equations to estimate critical loads. These results demonstrate that many herbaceous species may be at risk from atmospheric deposition and can inform improvements to air quality policies in the United States and globally.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature Limited","doi":"10.1038/s41477-019-0442-8","usgsCitation":"Clark, C.M., Simkin, S.M., Allen, E.B., Bowman, W., Belnap, J., Brooks, M.L., Collins, S., Geiser, L.H., Gilliam, F., Jovan, S.E., Pardo, L., Schultz, B.K., Stevens, C.J., Suding, K.N., Throop, H.L., and Waller, D.M., 2019, Potential vulnerability of 348 herbaceous species to atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur in the United States: Nature Plants, v. 5, p. 697-705, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-019-0442-8.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"697","endPage":"705","ipdsId":"IP-106408","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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To investigate the eastern boundary of the prairie-forest ecotone, we conducted a case study of historic and modern vegetation patterns of the Yellow River watershed in northwest Indiana. Historic vegetation came from the Public Land Survey notes collected in the early 1800s, whereas modern vegetation came from the Forest Inventory Analysis and USGS National Land Cover Database. We mapped historical survey vegetation data using GIS to reconstruct the region’s past and current forest composition and structure. We also mapped climate, topography, and soil composition across the watershed to investigate the relationship between historic vegetation and environmental gradients. We found a sharp transition in the presettlement forest structure and composition, with dense deciduous forests in the eastern portion of our study area and open oak savannas in the west. The savanna ecosystem dominated in sandy well-drained soils and was at a slightly lower elevation than the adjacent closed forest. Modest environmental changes accompanied major vegetation changes in the past, which might suggest fire and hydrological patterns helped maintain the sharp ecotone. By contrast, the modern forest shows no difference in tree density and composition across the watershed, which is consistent with major land use and hydrology changes in the watershed since settlement. On the modern landscape, land that was historically closed forest now has higher agricultural productivity compared to land that was historically savanna, whereas the historic savanna currently supports more mesic forest. These results suggest the environmental gradient continues to subtly shape the landscape. Though land use change has largely removed the closed mixed hardwood forests and oak savannas from this area, a better understanding of the historic vegetation and the conditions that supported it can help inform land management and restoration, as well as reveal ecological processes that drive vegetation transitions.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-180.1.1","usgsCitation":"Broderick, C.M., Heilman, K.A., Patterson, T., Peters, J., and McLachlan, J.S., 2019, Sharp savanna-forest transitions in the Midwest followed environmental gradients but are absent from the modern landscape: The American Midland Naturalist, v. 180, no. 1, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-180.1.1.","productDescription":"17","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-086114","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Yellow River Watershed Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.84005737304688,\n 41.24683746537623\n ],\n [\n -86.38412475585938,\n 41.24683746537623\n ],\n [\n -86.38412475585938,\n 41.422134246213616\n ],\n [\n -86.84005737304688,\n 41.422134246213616\n ],\n [\n -86.84005737304688,\n 41.24683746537623\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"180","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broderick, Caitlin M.","contributorId":216788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Broderick","given":"Caitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":39516,"text":"University of Notre Dame","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heilman, Kelly A 0000-0001-5932-1317","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5932-1317","contributorId":216789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heilman","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":39516,"text":"University of Notre Dame","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patterson, Tamatha 0000-0002-1648-8114 tpatterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1648-8114","contributorId":201149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Tamatha","email":"tpatterson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peters, Jody","contributorId":216790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Jody","affiliations":[{"id":39516,"text":"University of Notre Dame","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McLachlan, Jason S.","contributorId":167179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLachlan","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70207444,"text":"70207444 - 2019 - The Teton fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-08T15:51:21","indexId":"70207444","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T15:51:02","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":128,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2019-1","title":"The Teton fault","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wyoming State Geological Survey Publications","usgsCitation":"Zellman, M.S., DuRoss, C., and Thackray, G.R., 2019, The Teton fault: Open-File Report 2019-1, Sheet: 30 x 42 inches.","productDescription":"Sheet: 30 x 42 inches","ipdsId":"IP-106316","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370488,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sales.wsgs.wyo.gov/the-teton-fault-2019/"},{"id":371085,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"projection":"75000","country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Teton County","otherGeospatial":"Teton Fault","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-111.0551,44.6669],[-110.6668,44.6667],[-110.6666,44.5836],[-110.3748,44.5834],[-110.3762,44.5794],[-110.3717,44.5741],[-110.3713,44.5718],[-110.373,44.569],[-110.3783,44.5681],[-110.3834,44.5653],[-110.3825,44.5636],[-110.3788,44.5628],[-110.3716,44.5602],[-110.3647,44.5565],[-110.362,44.5539],[-110.3528,44.5522],[-110.3381,44.5487],[-110.3324,44.5484],[-110.3314,44.5497],[-110.3298,44.5543],[-110.314,44.5556],[-110.3059,44.5532],[-110.2953,44.5473],[-110.2902,44.5423],[-110.2899,44.5397],[-110.295,44.5376],[-110.298,44.5285],[-110.293,44.5279],[-110.2862,44.5268],[-110.2782,44.5205],[-110.2761,44.5153],[-110.279,44.5103],[-110.2769,44.4989],[-110.2814,44.4946],[-110.2839,44.4892],[-110.2813,44.4756],[-110.288,44.4737],[-110.2908,44.4712],[-110.2892,44.4676],[-110.2903,44.4609],[-110.289,44.4512],[-110.2965,44.4333],[-110.2966,44.4319],[-110.295,44.4288],[-110.2921,44.4275],[-110.2888,44.4248],[-110.2867,44.4192],[-110.2784,44.4142],[-110.2737,44.4128],[-110.2708,44.4129],[-110.2632,44.4105],[-110.2593,44.4094],[-110.255,44.4053],[-110.2543,44.4008],[-110.253,44.3953],[-110.2541,44.3904],[-110.2501,44.3891],[-110.2433,44.3876],[-110.2409,44.385],[-110.2386,44.3842],[-110.2345,44.3818],[-110.2314,44.3779],[-110.2281,44.3742],[-110.229,44.3712],[-110.2277,44.3686],[-110.2269,44.3645],[-110.2261,44.3613],[-110.2274,44.3588],[-110.2254,44.3515],[-110.2242,44.3498],[-110.2231,44.3469],[-110.2239,44.3438],[-110.2254,44.3423],[-110.2248,44.3408],[-110.2242,44.3377],[-110.2219,44.3348],[-110.2168,44.3316],[-110.2044,44.3288],[-110.2012,44.3274],[-110.2007,44.3246],[-110.2059,44.3189],[-110.2011,44.3129],[-110.2054,44.3105],[-110.202,44.3058],[-110.1969,44.3061],[-110.1905,44.3013],[-110.1865,44.3013],[-110.1853,44.3049],[-110.1864,44.3084],[-110.1847,44.3095],[-110.1812,44.3084],[-110.1809,44.3059],[-110.1791,44.3043],[-110.1762,44.3045],[-110.1723,44.302],[-110.174,44.2991],[-110.1669,44.2981],[-110.1591,44.2962],[-110.1515,44.2926],[-110.1496,44.2904],[-110.1438,44.2824],[-110.144,44.2783],[-110.1398,44.276],[-110.1405,44.2743],[-110.1478,44.2722],[-110.1484,44.271],[-110.1456,44.2649],[-110.1402,44.2634],[-110.1419,44.2566],[-110.1348,44.2466],[-110.1349,44.238],[-110.1314,44.2271],[-110.1275,44.2227],[-110.1271,44.2198],[-110.1245,44.218],[-110.124,44.2165],[-110.1141,44.2168],[-110.1093,44.21],[-110.1201,44.208],[-110.1234,44.2055],[-110.1199,44.1998],[-110.1119,44.2006],[-110.1077,44.1941],[-110.11,44.1924],[-110.1195,44.1952],[-110.12,44.1953],[-110.1232,44.1939],[-110.1149,44.1836],[-110.1069,44.1871],[-110.1037,44.1857],[-110.1088,44.1785],[-110.1138,44.1795],[-110.1221,44.1749],[-110.1153,44.168],[-110.1274,44.159],[-110.1245,44.1546],[-110.1246,44.1444],[-110.1171,44.1333],[-110.0527,44.133],[-110.0553,44.0061],[-110.0545,43.4666],[-110.0547,43.452],[-110.0538,43.3797],[-110.1117,43.3797],[-110.1584,43.3798],[-110.3456,43.3807],[-110.3456,43.3252],[-110.3457,43.2938],[-110.5824,43.2939],[-110.5774,43.2353],[-110.813,43.2357],[-110.8178,43.2945],[-110.8964,43.2937],[-110.9285,43.293],[-110.9276,43.3148],[-110.9716,43.3148],[-111.0436,43.3136],[-111.0439,43.4998],[-111.0449,43.5005],[-111.045,43.5061],[-111.0449,43.5503],[-111.045,43.5553],[-111.0453,43.5695],[-111.0454,43.6501],[-111.0455,43.7275],[-111.0461,43.8821],[-111.0466,43.9855],[-111.0466,43.9885],[-111.047,44.0327],[-111.0477,44.1102],[-111.0479,44.1351],[-111.0481,44.2269],[-111.0482,44.2418],[-111.0487,44.4772],[-111.0551,44.6669]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Teton\",\"state\":\"WY\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zellman, M. S.","contributorId":221613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zellman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DuRoss, Christopher 0000-0002-6963-7451 cduross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-7451","contributorId":152321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"Christopher","email":"cduross@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thackray, Glenn R.","contributorId":221430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thackray","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":40375,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":779146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70202254,"text":"70202254 - 2019 - Comparability of different river suspended sediment sampling and laboratory analysis methods and the effect of sand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:27:04.465884","indexId":"70202254","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T12:33:04","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparability of different river suspended sediment sampling and laboratory analysis methods and the effect of sand","docAbstract":"Accurate measurements of suspended sediment, a leading water-quality impairment in many rivers, are important for managing and protecting water resources; however, water quality standards for suspended sediment in Minnesota are based on grab field sampling and total suspended solids (TSS) laboratory analysis methods. These methods have underrepresented concentrations of suspended sediment in rivers compared to U.S. Geological Survey equal-width increment or equal-discharge-increment (EWDI) field sampling and suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) laboratory analysis methods. Because of this underrepresentation, the U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, collected concurrent grab and EWDI samples at eight sites to compare results obtained using different combinations of field sampling and laboratory analysis methods. Study results determined that grab field sampling and TSS laboratory analysis results were biased substantially low compared to EWDI sampling and SSC laboratory analysis results, respectively. Differences in both field sampling and laboratory analysis methods caused grab and TSS methods to be biased substantially low. The difference in laboratory analysis methods was slightly greater than field sampling methods. Sand-sized particles had a strong effect on the comparability of the field sampling and laboratory analysis methods. These results indicated that grab field sampling and TSS laboratory analysis methods fail to capture most of the sand being transported by the stream. The results indicate there is less of a difference among samples collected with grab field sampling and analyzed for TSS and concentration of fines in SSC. Even though differences are present, the presence of strong correlations between SSC and TSS concentrations provides the opportunity to develop site specific relations to address transport processes not captured by grab field sampling and TSS laboratory analysis methods.
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Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70202564,"text":"70202564 - 2019 - The relationship of channel planform and point bar architecture on a reach of the Wabash River near Grayville, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:27:29.925999","indexId":"70202564","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T12:13:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The relationship of channel planform and point bar architecture on a reach of the Wabash River near Grayville, Illinois","docAbstract":"The erosional and depositional characteristics of meandering rivers lead to the formation and maintenance of point bars along the inner banks of meander bends. Point bars are composed of sediment layers in patterns resulting from the rate and style of channel migration, hydrodynamics, and sediment transport and deposition within the river system (e.g. Jackson, 1976; Dietrich and Smith, 1984; Dietrich, 1987, Abad and Garcia, 2009). The distribution of the sediments preserved in the internal architecture of a river point bar provides a record of channel planform evolution. Geophysical methods are used to gain a large-scale visualization of the subsurface and aid in the interpretation of historic channel patterns (Best et al., 2003; Woodward et al., 2003; Sambrook Smith et al., 2006). Comparing known surficial extents of the point bar to features identified in the subsurface can also enhance the understanding of historic channel planform. This study investigates two point bars along bends with different styles of migration, Maier and TB3, in a well-documented reach of the Wabash River near Grayville, IL. Evidence from historic aerial photography, modern lidar, photogrammetry, and geophysical surveys were used to determine the relationship between the point bar architecture and channel planform. Airborne lidar was flown in 2011 and is used to create the 2011 point bar surface. In 2017, a terrestrial lidar and Real Time Kinematic-Global Navigation Satellite System (RTK-GNSS) topographic survey were combined to create the surface for TB3. In 2018, a photogrammetric survey collected with a small unmanned aerial system (sUAS) was used to create a structure-frommotion (SfM) derived surface for Maier bend. The 2018 survey-based point bar surfaces were differenced from the 2011 point bar surfaces to get a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of difference (DoD) to visualize areas of erosion and deposition. In addition, geophysical surveys using ground penetrating radar (GPR) were conducted in transverse and streamwise lines across the point bars in 2018. Elevation profiles from the 2011 point bar surfaces are extracted and overlain onto the 2018 GPR images to determine how the point bar is preserving the structure of sediments previously deposited. Results from this study provide an update to current models of point bar architecture.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Rowley, T., Konsoer, K., Ursic, M., and Langendoen, E.J., 2019, The relationship of channel planform and point bar architecture on a reach of the Wabash River near Grayville, Illinois, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 1, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104932","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368663,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368662,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Grayville","otherGeospatial":"Wabash River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.95722961425781,\n 38.25476238074633\n ],\n [\n -87.901611328125,\n 38.25476238074633\n ],\n [\n -87.901611328125,\n 38.30920107060575\n ],\n [\n -87.95722961425781,\n 38.30920107060575\n ],\n [\n -87.95722961425781,\n 38.25476238074633\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowley, Taylor 0000-0003-3786-6273","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3786-6273","contributorId":208374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowley","given":"Taylor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konsoer, Kory","contributorId":220049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konsoer","given":"Kory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ursic, Mick","contributorId":220050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ursic","given":"Mick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Langendoen, Eddy J.","contributorId":66126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langendoen","given":"Eddy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70202876,"text":"70202876 - 2019 - Toutle River debris flows initiated by atmospheric rivers: November 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:28:06.021674","indexId":"70202876","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T12:13:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Toutle River debris flows initiated by atmospheric rivers: November 2006","docAbstract":"In early November, 2006, an atmospheric river brought heavy rainfall and high freezing levels to the Pacific Northwest. Without snowpack to buffer the hydrologic response, the storm caused widespread landslides and debris flows in drainages sourced from every central Cascades volcano. At Mount St. Helens, in southwestern Washington State, intense rainfall in the crater of the volcano caused at least two mass failures with an aggregate volume of 4.5 million m3, which spawned a series of debris flows with velocities as great as 11 m/s. The debris flows incised Loowit Creek as much as 9 m and traveled 16 river km before transforming to hyperconcentrated flow via rapid dilution at the confluence of North Fork Toutle River (NFT), Castle Creek, and Maratta Creek (Figure 1). Reduced channel gradient downstream lowered velocity enough to transform to sediment-laden streamflow less than 40 km from the source, where suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) peaked at 177,000 mg/L. Heavy rain persisted for several days, producing over 100 cm of rainfall in upper NFT basin which caused immediate remobilization of surface deposits; half of the annual suspended-sediment discharge (SSQ) for water year (WY) 2007 was transported in 5 days, despite a relatively low 7-year flood recurrence interval. This analysis expands upon Major et al. (2005), Pitlick et al. (2007), and Olsen (2011) to document the largest suite of rainfall-triggered debris flows identified to date at Mount St. Helens. We investigate debris flow initiation, velocity, deposition, and downstream sediment flux in the NFT basin by integrating data from near real-time monitoring stations, remote sensing, terrestrial surveying, and fluvial sediment samples.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Mosbrucker, A.R., Spicer, K.R., and Major, J.J., 2019, Toutle River debris flows initiated by atmospheric rivers: November 2006, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 1, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106542","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368660,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"},{"id":368661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Toutle River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.61360168457033,\n 46.21737666278269\n ],\n [\n -122.03269958496092,\n 46.21737666278269\n ],\n [\n -122.03269958496092,\n 46.38483322349276\n ],\n [\n -122.61360168457033,\n 46.38483322349276\n ],\n [\n -122.61360168457033,\n 46.21737666278269\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosbrucker, Adam R. 0000-0003-0298-0324 amosbrucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0298-0324","contributorId":4968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosbrucker","given":"Adam","email":"amosbrucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spicer, Kurt R. 0000-0001-5030-3198 krspicer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-3198","contributorId":2684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spicer","given":"Kurt","email":"krspicer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70203042,"text":"70203042 - 2019 - Assessing the precision and accuracy of particle-size analysis with a laboratory laser-diffraction analyzer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:26:34.880011","indexId":"70203042","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T12:04:15","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Assessing the precision and accuracy of particle-size analysis with a laboratory laser-diffraction analyzer","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study is to assess the precision and accuracy of laboratory laser-diffraction particle-size distribution (PSD) analysis in support of an effort to formally adopt the method for routine use in U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) sediment laboratories. USGS sediment laboratories analyze the PSD of sediment in support of a wide variety of sediment-transport and water-quality studies from around the United States (US).","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Norton, K.K., 2019, Assessing the precision and accuracy of particle-size analysis with a laboratory laser-diffraction analyzer, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 3, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105925","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368659,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368658,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"}],"volume":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norton, Katherine K. 0000-0003-1848-5504","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1848-5504","contributorId":210303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70204883,"text":"70204883 - 2019 - Strategic directions of the USGS water mission area’s fluvial sediment science program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:23:12.463603","indexId":"70204883","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T11:59:24","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Strategic directions of the USGS water mission area’s fluvial sediment science program","docAbstract":"The USGS Water Mission Area’s Sediment Science Program provides leadership, training, and methods development in fluvial sediment science for the USGS and its external partners. Overarching objectives of the USGS Sediment Science Program (which includes the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project) include: 1) developing and promoting innovative sediment monitoring techniques that result in cost effective, accurate, and high resolution fluvial sediment data for the Nation; 2) advancing sediment science through collaboration with external agencies to ensure USGS science and leadership directions are aligned with external agency and public needs; and 3) providing technical support to sediment data collectors and scientists, in an effort to improve quality assurance/quality control practices and efficiencies in field data collection and analysis.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Wood, M.S., and Straub, T.D., 2019, Strategic directions of the USGS water mission area’s fluvial sediment science program, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 3, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105708","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":366861,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"}],"volume":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Molly S. 0000-0002-5184-8306 mswood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-8306","contributorId":788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Molly","email":"mswood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, Timothy D. 0000-0002-5896-0851","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-0851","contributorId":215662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203137,"text":"70203137 - 2019 - Channel modification and evolution alter hydraulic connectivity in the Atchafalaya River basin increasing vulnerability to sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:28:38.194711","indexId":"70203137","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T11:45:33","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Channel modification and evolution alter hydraulic connectivity in the Atchafalaya River basin increasing vulnerability to sea-level rise","docAbstract":"Channel dredging and erosion in the Atchafalaya River basin have resulted in changes to the hydraulic connectivity of this floodplain swamp that have not been previously quantified. In this study, analyses were conducted to determine hydraulic and geomorphic factors that have changed since channel closure in 1962. Results indicated changes occurred in the Atchafalaya main channel cross-section between 1962 and 2010, and hydraulic and geomorphic changes were detected in portions of the interior eastern basin floodplain. Analyses of hydrographs in relation to floodplain elevations indicated that there was a lack of mineral sediment deposition sufficient to offset subsidence and rising sea level. This deficit has resulted in extended hydroperiods over the floodplain which could prevent tree regeneration and promote hypoxia.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Kroes, D., Day, R.H., Demas, C.R., Allen, Y.C., and Roberts, S., 2019, Channel modification and evolution alter hydraulic connectivity in the Atchafalaya River basin increasing vulnerability to sea-level rise, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 1, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104703","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368657,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368656,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Atchafalaya River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.40325927734375,\n 29.685666670118724\n ],\n [\n -91.14532470703125,\n 29.685666670118724\n ],\n [\n -91.14532470703125,\n 30.850363469502362\n ],\n [\n -92.40325927734375,\n 30.850363469502362\n ],\n [\n -92.40325927734375,\n 29.685666670118724\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kroes, Daniel 0000-0001-9104-9077 dkroes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-9077","contributorId":3830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroes","given":"Daniel","email":"dkroes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Richard H. 0000-0002-5959-7054 dayr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-7054","contributorId":2427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Richard","email":"dayr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Demas, Charles R.","contributorId":36121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demas","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Yvonne C.","contributorId":94403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Yvonne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":773982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roberts, Steve","contributorId":52674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203189,"text":"70203189 - 2019 - Sediment monitoring to support modeling a reservoir sediment flush on a sand-bed river in Northern Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:29:09.638114","indexId":"70203189","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T11:38:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Sediment monitoring to support modeling a reservoir sediment flush on a sand-bed river in Northern Nebraska","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), monitored a sediment flush event from Spencer Dam located on the Niobrara River near Spencer, Nebraska, during the fall of 2014. Data collected during the flush was used to validate a one-dimensional sediment transport model developed by the USACE. The USACE surveyed 26 cross sections within the reservoir and as far as 1 kilometer (km) upstream from the reservoir pool to about 10 km downstream from the dam before and after the flushing event to measure erosion and deposition. They also collected surficial sediment samples from sandbars within the reservoir. The USGS assisted USACE in its model validation efforts by collecting sediment data before, during and after the flush using both traditional sampling techniques and a continuous laser-diffraction particle-size analyzer. From the context of longitudinal volumetric change, the model replicated erosion in the upper half of the reservoir within four percent of that observed by survey data and it replicated deposition downstream of the dam within 5 percent. However, the model underpredicted the erosion of the accumulated delta sediments in the reservoir by 43 percent. The timing and magnitude of suspended sediment concentrations produced by the model compared reasonably well to the discrete suspended-sediment sample results. These results indicate cross-sectional survey data and discrete sediment data may be adequate for developing sediment flush models for reservoirs in similar well-sorted sand-bed streams.\n\nThe USGS installed a continuous particle-size analyzer immediately downstream from the dam. Although the particle-size analyzer was successful in providing a large dataset during the flushing event, based on discrete point samples, it overestimated the amount of fine particles and underrepresented the amount of coarse material. It also required a significant amount of maintenance during the flushing event because of the large sediment load and the rapid bed aggradation. The maintenance issues with the particle-size analyzer along with uncertainty in the correlation to discrete suspended-sediment samples reduced its value for model validation. However, these issues may have been specific to the flushing event at Spencer Dam, which involved a sand-bed dominated stream and a wide channel. It is foreseeable that other sediment flush models developed for different streams with dissimilar sediment gradations may benefit from similar continuous sediment data, but adequate planning and evaluation should be performed.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Schaepe, N.J., and Boyd, P.M., 2019, Sediment monitoring to support modeling a reservoir sediment flush on a sand-bed river in Northern Nebraska, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 2, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105260","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368654,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"},{"id":368655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","city":"Spencer","otherGeospatial":"Niobara River, Spencer Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.68452072143555,\n 42.79514872764227\n ],\n [\n -98.61997604370117,\n 42.79514872764227\n ],\n [\n -98.61997604370117,\n 42.81391436163743\n ],\n [\n -98.68452072143555,\n 42.81391436163743\n ],\n [\n -98.68452072143555,\n 42.79514872764227\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaepe, Nathaniel J. 0000-0003-1776-7411 nschaepe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1776-7411","contributorId":2377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaepe","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nschaepe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyd, Paul M","contributorId":215066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203325,"text":"70203325 - 2019 - Field-scale sediment feed flume: Upper Santa Ana River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:29:35.164663","indexId":"70203325","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T11:31:20","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Field-scale sediment feed flume: Upper Santa Ana River, California","docAbstract":"Along the San Bernardino Valley, the Santa Ana River decreases in slope, increases in width, and deposits particles from boulders to sand as it loses transport capacity. Episodic rainfalls feed very large winter floods, but dry summer and fall periods lead to extensive dry alluvial reaches due to surface water infiltration into subsurface aquifers. Within one of these dry reaches, a small inset channel has developed to effectively convey year-round wastewater discharges. This flow creates a coarse bed substrate composed of gravel and cobble that is home for diatoms and algae, the diet for the Santa Ana Sucker, a threatened native fish. \n\nField-based observations include:\n•\tShear stresses in the inset channel are capable of transporting sand as bedload, but not gravel and cobble. Bedload measurements (at several locations and times under wastewater discharge conditions) indicate that about 90% of the bedload is sand. The median grain size of bedload samples is consistently in the 0.5–1-mm range with little longitudinal variability.\n\n•\tThe upstream supply of sand decreases through time as winnowing proceeds in the downstream direction. Bedload transport rates increase in the downstream direction by an order of magnitude over just 7 km, despite the fact that water discharge decreases downstream due to infiltration (typically by 25–50% over the 7-km reach). \n\n•\tThe location of the gravel-to-sand bed transition is variable from year to year and is related to the amount of time that has elapsed since the most recent upstream runoff event. These events supply new sediment to the reach and reset the winnowing process.\n\n•\tDirect observations of the inset channel following upstream runoff events revealed many instances of large areas of substantial sand deposition in the channel, in areas that were previously entirely gravel and cobble sizes.\n\nWe propose a qualitative function to predict the bed substrate of the inset channel at any given time and location. A one-dimensional model of bedload transport and bed substrate in the study reach is being developed to quantify and test the predictive function. Preliminary results indicate that the winnowing process is quite sensitive to wastewater discharge levels. The calibrated model will be used to assess how treatment plant discharge scenarios might be used to strategically manage winnowing rates and the amount of gravel and cobble exposed on the bed in the reach.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Wright, S., and Minear, J.T., 2019, Field-scale sediment feed flume: Upper Santa Ana River, California, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 1, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107058","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363507,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"},{"id":368653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Upper Santa Ana River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.44178771972656,\n 33.965572781967936\n ],\n [\n -117.24128723144531,\n 33.965572781967936\n ],\n [\n -117.24128723144531,\n 34.11407854333859\n ],\n [\n -117.44178771972656,\n 34.11407854333859\n ],\n [\n -117.44178771972656,\n 33.965572781967936\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Scott 0000-0002-0387-5713 sawright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5713","contributorId":1536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Scott","email":"sawright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minear, J. Toby","contributorId":215361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Minear","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Toby","affiliations":[{"id":39229,"text":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203958,"text":"70203958 - 2019 - Near-field remote sensing of Alaskan Rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T11:29:25","indexId":"70203958","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T11:24:13","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Near-field remote sensing of Alaskan Rivers","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Geomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory (GSTL), in collaboration with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), acquired remotely sensed data from several Alaskan rivers in 2017 and 2018 with the goal of developing a methodology for measuring streamflow from a helicopter. CRREL operates a custom airborne lidar system that can be deployed in a helicopter-based pod (HeliPod). Data were collected with the HeliPod near existing USGS streamflow information stations on the Knik, Matanuska, Chena, and Salcha Rivers in both 2017 and 2018. Sites on the Tanana and Snow Rivers were added in 2018. In 2018, the HeliPod was modified to accommodate both a thermal infrared and a visible camera. The cameras were integrated with the flight management software to simultaneously acquire imagery with lidar. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) in the HeliPod were used to compute trajectories with precise position and orientation information needed for image orthorectification. The HeliPod sensors provide data for measuring river channel characteristics. Lidar can map the elevation of the water surface and thus be used to measure water-surface slopes and return intensity can be used to delineate the extent of the wetted river channel. Various approaches are currently being evaluated to estimate surface flow velocity from visible and thermal image time series. In this paper, we examine and compare water-surface elevation returns and slopes derived from the HeliPod lidar and found good agreement with measurements made using conventional field-based techniques.","conferenceTitle":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation and Hydrologic Modeling Conference (SEDHYD 2019)","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, Nevada","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation and Hydrologic Modeling Conference (SEDHYD 2019)","usgsCitation":"Kinzel, P.J., Legleiter, C.J., Nelson, J.M., Conaway, J., LeWinter, A., Gadomski, P., and Filiano, D., 2019, Near-field remote sensing of Alaskan Rivers, Federal Interagency Sedimentation and Hydrologic Modeling Conference (SEDHYD 2019), Reno, Nevada, June 24-28, 2019, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106032","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368383,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364998,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/openconf/modules/request.php?module=oc_program&action=program.php&p=program"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.3251953125,\n 59.085738569819505\n ],\n [\n -144.3603515625,\n 59.085738569819505\n ],\n [\n -144.3603515625,\n 66.47820814385636\n ],\n [\n -153.3251953125,\n 66.47820814385636\n ],\n [\n -153.3251953125,\n 59.085738569819505\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - 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2019 - Time-series sediment acoustics and LISST-ABS testing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:14:36.569565","indexId":"70203505","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T11:20:25","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Time-series sediment acoustics and LISST-ABS testing","docAbstract":"Acoustics and other surrogates can be used to accurately and cost-effectively provide time-series estimates of suspended-sediment concentration and load, which is essential for creating informed solutions to many sediment-related environmental, engineering, and agricultural concerns. Interagency efforts in recent years have advanced the testing, methods development, operational guidelines, and training on sediment acoustics. This extended abstract provides an update on horizontal profiling methodologies and introduces the testing of the LISST-ABS (Acoustic Backscatter Sensor).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Straub, T.D., Wood, M.S., Domanski, M.M., and Manaster, A., 2019, Time-series sediment acoustics and LISST-ABS testing, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 4, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107615","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"}],"volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Straub, Timothy D. 0000-0002-5896-0851","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-0851","contributorId":215662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Molly S. 0000-0002-5184-8306 mswood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-8306","contributorId":788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Molly","email":"mswood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domanski, Marian M. 0000-0002-0468-314X mdomanski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-314X","contributorId":5035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domanski","given":"Marian","email":"mdomanski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manaster, Adam E. 0000-0001-8183-4274","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8183-4274","contributorId":215663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manaster","given":"Adam E.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203891,"text":"70203891 - 2019 - Integrated hydrologic modeling of the Salinas River, California, for sustainable water management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T15:30:43.909015","indexId":"70203891","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T11:16:49","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Integrated hydrologic modeling of the Salinas River, California, for sustainable water management","docAbstract":"The Salinas River is the largest river in California’s Central Coast region. Groundwater resources of the Salinas River basin are used to meet water supply needs, including crop irrigation and municipal water supply. Two large multipurpose reservoirs also supply irrigation and municipal water uses. Historical imbalances between supply and demand have resulted in sinking groundwater levels, seawater intrusion, regulatory actions on pumping, adjudication, and requirements for minimum in-stream fish flows. Present needs include finding replacement water supplies and improving watershed management to comply with legal mandates, adapt to future climate variability and landuse conversions, and improve environmental conditions. The Salinas Valley Integrated Hydrologic Model (SVIHM) was developed to help water managers evaluate and adjust to projected impacts on water supplies and demands in the Salinas Valley watershed caused by changes in land use, population, and climate. The SVIHM includes four modeling components: (1) the Basin Characterization Model (BCM), (2) the Hydrologic Simulation Program – FORTRAN (HSPF), (3) MODFLOW - One Water Hydrologic Model (MF-OWHM), and (4) the Surface Water Operations (SWO) package. The BCM and HSPF components compose the Salinas Valley Watershed Model (SVWM). The 4,530 square-mile (mi2) SVWM domain encompasses the entire Salinas River watershed, as well as coastal drainages adjacent to the Salinas River outflow, and includes two separate and connected HSPF model domains, the 2,540 mi2 upper Salinas River and the 1,990 mi2 lower Salinas River models. SVWM (1) simulates the water budget for the entire Salinas River basin containing both the SVIHM domain as well as the mountainous terrain of the tributary headwater areas not included in the SVIHM; and (2) was used to develop the 148 boundary inflows for the SVIHM. Simulated evapotranspiration (ET) is the largest component of the water budget after precipitation, with a 71-year average basin-wide ET of 13.9 in/yr, compared to the basin-wide average precipitation of 18.4 in/yr. Simulated ET ranges from 15 to 29 in/yr along the western side of the SVWM to less than 10 in/yr throughout the valley floor and in the southeast part of the Salinas River watershed. The simulated total 71-year average inflow to the SVIHM was 890 ft3/sec (about 640,000 acre-feet per year), with the highest average inflow of 270 ft3/sec simulated for the Nacimiento River; whereas, the simulated 71-year average streamflow at the mouth of the Salinas River was only about 190 ft3/sec, indicating that most of the streamflow generated in the Salinas River basin is lost to channel seepage. The lack of sustained baseflow causes streamflow to be highly sensitive to the temporal variability in precipitation, especially during the drier periods, and this increases the importance of developing adequate reservoir management, flow augmentation, and conjunctive water use scenarios for potential future drought periods and potentially increased temporal variability in precipitation.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Hevesi, J.A., Henson, W.R., Hanson, R.T., and Boyce, S.E., 2019, Integrated hydrologic modeling of the Salinas River, California, for sustainable water management, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 4, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107062","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364813,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"},{"id":368648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salinas River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.4044189453125,\n 36.796089518731506\n ],\n [\n -121.607666015625,\n 36.96744946416934\n ],\n [\n -121.98669433593749,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -120.8770751953125,\n 35.39352808136067\n ],\n [\n -119.65209960937501,\n 35.25459097465022\n ],\n [\n -121.4044189453125,\n 36.796089518731506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hevesi, Joseph A. 0000-0003-2898-1800 jhevesi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":1507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"Joseph","email":"jhevesi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henson, Wesley R. 0000-0003-4962-5565 whenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-5565","contributorId":384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henson","given":"Wesley","email":"whenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyce, Scott E. 0000-0003-0626-9492 seboyce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-9492","contributorId":4766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Scott","email":"seboyce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216496,"text":"70216496 - 2019 - Measurement of sounds emitted by certain high-resolution geophysical survey systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T17:15:21.846135","indexId":"70216496","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T11:12:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1941,"text":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurement of sounds emitted by certain high-resolution geophysical survey systems","docAbstract":"Scientific questions regarding the impact of anthropomorphic noise in the marine environment have resulted in an increasing number of regulatory requirements and precautionary mitigation strategies to reduce the risks associated with high-resolution marine geophysical surveys performed in waters subjected to government jurisdiction. An example of regulatory frameworks includes the Marine Mammal Protection Act in the United States and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC in the European Union. Regulatory compliance often requires an assessment of the potential ecological risks before initiating a marine geophysical survey. However, the acoustic source data needed to estimate the risk associated with the operation of a given high-resolution survey system are frequently lacking. A comprehensive measurement program was performed to quantify the characteristics of sounds radiated by a variety of commercial marine geophysical survey systems, including boomers, sparkers, airguns, chirp sub-bottom profilers, sidescan sonars, and swath-bathymetric sonars [Crocker and Fratantonio, “Characteristics of high-frequency sounds emitted during high-resolution marine geophysical surveys,” Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI, USA, NUWC-NPT Tech. Rep. 12, 203, 2016]. Calibrated acoustic source data, including source levels, source spectra, and beam patterns, were acquired for a total of 18 different marine geophysical survey systems. The data support modeling to estimate the potential ecological impacts resulting from the operation of certain high-resolution marine geophysical survey systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2018.2829958","usgsCitation":"Crocker, S.E., Fratantonio, F.D., Hart, P.E., Foster, D.S., O’Brien, T.F., and Labak, S., 2019, Measurement of sounds emitted by certain high-resolution geophysical survey systems: IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, v. 44, no. 3, p. 796-813, https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2018.2829958.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"796","endPage":"813","ipdsId":"IP-085103","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/joe.2018.2829958","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380704,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crocker, Steven E","contributorId":245144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crocker","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":49092,"text":"Naval Undersea Warfare Center,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fratantonio, Frank D","contributorId":245145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fratantonio","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":49092,"text":"Naval Undersea Warfare Center,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foster, David S. 0000-0003-1205-0884 dfoster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-0884","contributorId":1320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"David","email":"dfoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Brien, Thomas F. 0000-0003-0906-8450 tobrien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0906-8450","contributorId":4151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Thomas","email":"tobrien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Labak, Stanley","contributorId":245146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Labak","given":"Stanley","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49093,"text":"Bureau of Ocean Energy Management,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70227424,"text":"70227424 - 2019 - Characterization of hydrology and sediment transport following drought and wildfire in Cache Creek, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-14T16:47:03.777945","indexId":"70227424","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T10:39:51","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characterization of hydrology and sediment transport following drought and wildfire in Cache Creek, California","docAbstract":"The worst drought in California in over 1,200 years occurred between 2012-2017 (Griffin, 2014), depleting surface water and groundwater supply and drying out the soils past wilting point. In the summer of 2015, the Jerusalem and Rocky fires burned roughly 40,000 acres within the Cache Creek watershed. To fully characterize the post-fire effects in the Cache Creek watershed, an hourly model of streamflow and sediment transport was developed using the Hydrological Simulation Program – FORTRAN (HSPF). This model requires air temperature, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration as climate inputs. Hourly station data are sparse in the area and may not capture the variability of elevation and local climatology patterns within the watershed. \n\nA technique used previously to spatially-interpolate daily-climate station data has improved the characterization of local and regional climate patterns on a daily scale in areas with sparse data (Flint et al., 2014). This technique was extended to hourly observed data to produce spatially-varying climate inputs for the Cache Creek hydrologic model to run as a continuous multi-year simulation with hourly time steps. Monthly PRISM grids were used in a two-step scaling method with climate Gradient and Inverse Distance Squared (GIDS) maps (Nalder and Wein, 1998) to develop daily grids, then the daily grids were used to scale hourly climate GIDS maps. This method captures the temporal variability at each climate station yet preserves the regional monthly spatial structure of the PRISM data.\n\nHydrologic calibration used data from water year 2015, and validation used the same parameters for water year 2016. The model was run through water year 2017 to characterize the effects of wildfire on hydrology and sediment transport. For final simulations, the model was run at an hourly time step from June 2014 through September 2017 to ensure a model initiation period of 4 months prior to the target simulation period used for analysis. Sediment parameters were initially set using the existing Sacramento River Basin model for this sub-watershed area and then iteratively adjusted in the calibration process. To simulate a fire across the landscape, sediment parameters for water years 2016-17 were further modified for burned sub-basins to represent post-fire vegetation and soils in 2016, then partial recovery in 2017. \n\nResults were inconclusive for drought and wildfire effects on runoff. Modeled peak flows generally underpredicted observed peak flows; however, the modeled storm volumes were only slightly under or over the observed storm volumes. Sediment transport was sensitive to the watershed disturbances and R^2 values for daily mean suspended concentrations (SSC) and sediment discharge were 0.70 and 0.75, respectively. Simulated hourly values correlated less strongly with observed instantaneous SSC and sediment discharge (R^2 values of 0.56 and 0.46, respectively).","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SEDHYD 2019 Conference","conferenceDate":"June 24-28, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference (FISC) and Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference (FIHMC)","usgsCitation":"Stern, M.A., Flint, L.E., and Flint, A.L., 2019, Characterization of hydrology and sediment transport following drought and wildfire in Cache Creek, California, in Proceedings of SEDHYD 2019, v. 5, Reno, NV, June 24-28, 2019, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107472","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":394372,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/2019/#sedhyd-2019-proceedings"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cache Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.76397705078124,\n 38.792626957868904\n ],\n [\n -122.36297607421874,\n 38.792626957868904\n ],\n [\n -122.36297607421874,\n 39.17478791493289\n ],\n [\n -122.76397705078124,\n 39.17478791493289\n ],\n [\n -122.76397705078124,\n 38.792626957868904\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stern, Michelle A. 0000-0003-3030-7065 mstern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3030-7065","contributorId":4244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"Michelle","email":"mstern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207617,"text":"70207617 - 2019 - Screening and biosecurity for White-nose Fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Ascomycota: Pseudeurotiaceae) in Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-31T09:47:33","indexId":"70207617","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-01T09:45:06","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Screening and biosecurity for White-nose Fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Ascomycota: Pseudeurotiaceae) in Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"Introduced pathogens causing emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are serious contemporary threats to animal, plant, and ecosystem health. The invasive fungus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has established populations of European origin in North America, resulting in mass mortality of several hibernating bat species. Extensive monitoring for this pathogen exists in Europe and North America, but limited screening is taking place elsewhere. We report results from cave surveys on Hawai‘i Island. Substrates in 10 lava-tube caves with elevations up to 3,045 m were swabbed providing samples for screening P. destructans. Interior cave air temperatures spanned temperatures suitable for the growth and survival of P. destructans. Using quantitative PCR, all 85 samples tested were negative for the presence of P. destructans. The biology of the Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) in relation to its unusual use of high elevation caves is discussed because these bats could come into contact with P. destructans should it arrive in Hawai‘i. Large numbers of cave enthusiasts visit Hawaiian caves from across the world after having been inside caves elsewhere including areas with P. destructans. Thus, resource managers in Hawai‘i and other remote areas may want to consider the potential for P. destructans to arrive unintentionally via human activities. Biosecurity measures and periodic screening for P. destructans are especially important in Hawai‘i given the presence of high elevation caves with suitable temperatures for its growth. If P. destructans was introduced to Hawaiian caves, it could affect the local fauna but also act as a source population for colonisations elsewhere.
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