{"pageNumber":"698","pageRowStart":"17425","pageSize":"25","recordCount":69061,"records":[{"id":70187487,"text":"70187487 - 2012 - Habitat and prey availability attributes associated with juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon occurrence in the Missouri River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T18:14:07","indexId":"70187487","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1497,"text":"Endangered Species Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat and prey availability attributes associated with juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon occurrence in the Missouri River, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The pallid sturgeon </span><i>Scaphirhynchus albus</i><span> is a federally endangered species native to the Missouri and lower Mississippi Rivers, USA. As part of recovery efforts, over 360000 pallid sturgeon have been stocked into the Missouri River since 1994, and a standardized, long-term monitoring program was initiated in 2003. Understanding the distribution and habitat requirements of juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon (fork length &lt;720 mm, age &lt;10 yr) is an important goal of the monitoring and recovery programs. In this study, we collected information on habitat characteristics and prey availability from the upper Missouri River along the Nebraska-South Dakota border and compared these attributes between capture (present) and non-capture (absent) locations (N = 59). To evaluate the relative influence of habitat and prey availability on pallid sturgeon occurrence, we examined several candidate models using an information-theoretic approach. A prey availability model had the most support and included site-specific information on Diptera and Ephemeroptera abundance. A habitat-based model showed that juveniles and early adults were found in relatively deeper water and avoided areas where bottom velocities were greater than 1.2 m s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. Although not as well supported as the prey-effects model (evidence ratio = 6.4), habitat features also provided a plausible model for predicting occurrence. The models developed here could be used to evaluate pallid sturgeon habitat potential in the Missouri River basin and help guide future monitoring and conservation management of this endangered species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/esr00408","usgsCitation":"Spindler, B.D., Chipps, S.R., Klumb, R.A., Graeb, B.D., and Wimberly, M.C., 2012, Habitat and prey availability attributes associated with juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon occurrence in the Missouri River, USA: Endangered Species Research, v. 16, no. 3, p. 225-234, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00408.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"234","ipdsId":"IP-034025","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00408","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","volume":"16","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590c3dcbe4b0e541a038dd2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spindler, Bryan D.","contributorId":171900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spindler","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":561,"text":"South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klumb, Robert A.","contributorId":86606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klumb","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":561,"text":"South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graeb, Brian D. S.","contributorId":171851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graeb","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D. S.","affiliations":[{"id":26956,"text":"Departement of Natural Resource Management, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wimberly, Michael C.","contributorId":167855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wimberly","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032286,"text":"70032286 - 2012 - Soil C and N patterns in a semiarid piñon-juniper woodland: Topography of slope and ephemeral channels add to canopy-intercanopy heterogeneity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T11:00:23","indexId":"70032286","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil C and N patterns in a semiarid piñon-juniper woodland: Topography of slope and ephemeral channels add to canopy-intercanopy heterogeneity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Carbon and nitrogen are crucial to semiarid woodlands, determining decomposition, production and redistribution of water and nutrients. Carbon and nitrogen are often greater beneath canopies than intercanopies. Upslope vs. downslope position and ephemeral channels might also cause variation in C and N. Yet, few studies have simultaneously evaluated spatial variation associated with canopy&ndash;intercanopy patches and topography. We estimated C and N upslope and downslope in an eroding pi&ntilde;on&ndash;juniper woodland for canopies beneath pi&ntilde;ons (</span><i>Pinus edulis</i><span>) and junipers, (</span><i>Juniperus monosperma</i><span>), intercanopies, and ephemeral channels. Soil C and N in the surface and profile beneath canopies exceeded that of intercanopies and channels. Relative to intercanopies, channels had more profile C upslope but less downslope (profile N was not significant). Relative to upslope, profile C downslope for intercanopies was greater and for channels was less (profile N was not significant). Relative to profile, surface soil C and N exhibited less heterogeneity. Although some topographic heterogeneity was detected, results did not collectively support our redistribution hypotheses, and we are unable to distinguish if this heterogeneity is due to&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i><span>&nbsp;or redistribution effects. Nonetheless, results highlight finer topographical spatial variation in addition to predominant canopy and intercanopy variation that is applicable for semiarid woodland management.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.11.029","usgsCitation":"Law, D., Breshears, D.D., Ebinger, M.H., Meyer, C.W., and Allen, C.D., 2012, Soil C and N patterns in a semiarid piñon-juniper woodland: Topography of slope and ephemeral channels add to canopy-intercanopy heterogeneity: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 79, p. 20-24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.11.029.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Pajarito Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.00634765625,\n              32.008075959291055\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.00634765625,\n              36.98500309285596\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.095703125,\n              36.98500309285596\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.095703125,\n              32.008075959291055\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.00634765625,\n              32.008075959291055\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91e0e4b08c986b319b69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Law, Darin J.","contributorId":98627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Law","given":"Darin J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breshears, David D.","contributorId":51620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breshears","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":435440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebinger, Michael H.","contributorId":11431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebinger","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Clifton W.","contributorId":43164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Clifton","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032360,"text":"70032360 - 2012 - Evaluation of MODFLOW-LGR in connection with a synthetic regional-scale model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T18:21:27.250191","indexId":"70032360","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of MODFLOW-LGR in connection with a synthetic regional-scale model","docAbstract":"<p><span>This work studies costs and benefits of utilizing local‐grid refinement (LGR) as implemented in MODFLOW‐LGR to simulate groundwater flow in a buried tunnel valley interacting with a regional aquifer. Two alternative LGR methods were used: the shared‐node (SN) method and the ghost‐node (GN) method. To conserve flows the SN method requires correction of sources and sinks in cells at the refined/coarse‐grid interface. We found that the optimal correction method is case dependent and difficult to identify in practice. However, the results showed little difference and suggest that identifying the optimal method was of minor importance in our case. The GN method does not require corrections at the models' interface, and it uses a simpler head interpolation scheme than the SN method. The simpler scheme is faster but less accurate so that more iterations may be necessary. However, the GN method solved our flow problem more efficiently than the SN method. The MODFLOW‐LGR results were compared with the results obtained using a globally coarse (GC) grid. The LGR simulations required one to two orders of magnitude longer run times than the GC model. However, the improvements of the numerical resolution around the buried valley substantially increased the accuracy of simulated heads and flows compared with the GC simulation. Accuracy further increased locally around the valley flanks when improving the geological resolution using the refined grid. Finally, comparing MODFLOW‐LGR simulation with a globally refined (GR) grid showed that the refinement proportion of the model should not exceed 10% to 15% in order to secure method efficiency.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00826.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Vilhelmsen, T., Christensen, S., and Mehl, S.W., 2012, Evaluation of MODFLOW-LGR in connection with a synthetic regional-scale model: Ground Water, v. 50, no. 1, p. 118-132, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00826.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"132","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213905,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00826.x"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c18e4b0c8380cd52a27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vilhelmsen, T.N.","contributorId":54024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vilhelmsen","given":"T.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christensen, S.","contributorId":30387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mehl, Steffen W. swmehl@usgs.gov","contributorId":975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"Steffen","email":"swmehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":435775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032438,"text":"70032438 - 2012 - Impacts of biofuels production alternatives on water quantity and quality in the Iowa River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T15:22:53","indexId":"70032438","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1035,"text":"Biomass and Bioenergy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of biofuels production alternatives on water quantity and quality in the Iowa River Basin","docAbstract":"Corn stover as well as perennial grasses like switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and miscanthus are being considered as candidates for the second generation biofuel feedstocks. However, the challenges to biofuel development are its effects on the environment, especially water quality. This study evaluates the long-term impacts of biofuel production alternatives (e.g., elevated corn stover removal rates and the potential land cover change) on an ecosystem with a focus on biomass production, soil erosion, water quantity and quality, and soil nitrate nitrogen concentration at the watershed scale. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was modified for setting land cover change scenarios and applied to the Iowa River Basin (a tributary of the Upper Mississippi River Basin). Results show that biomass production can be sustained with an increased stover removal rate as long as the crop demand for nutrients is met with appropriate fertilization. Although a drastic increase (4.7–70.6%) in sediment yield due to erosion and a slight decrease (1.2–3.2%) in water yield were estimated with the stover removal rate ranging between 40% and 100%, the nitrate nitrogen load declined about 6–10.1%. In comparison to growing corn, growing either switchgrass or miscanthus can reduce sediment erosion greatly. However, land cover changes from native grass to switchgrass or miscanthus would lead to a decrease in water yield and an increase in nitrate nitrogen load. In contrast to growing switchgrass, growing miscanthus is more productive in generating biomass, but its higher water demand may reduce water availability in the study area.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biomass and Bioenergy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.10.030","issn":"09619534","usgsCitation":"Wu, Y., and Liu, S., 2012, Impacts of biofuels production alternatives on water quantity and quality in the Iowa River Basin: Biomass and Bioenergy, v. 36, p. 182-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.10.030.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"182","endPage":"191","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213600,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.10.030"},{"id":241244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa;Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Iowa River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.65,41.15 ], [ -93.65,43.966667 ], [ 91.016667,43.966667 ], [ 91.016667,41.15 ], [ -93.65,41.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"36","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38e2e4b0c8380cd6170f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Y.","contributorId":79312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032288,"text":"70032288 - 2012 - Effects of suture material and ultrasonic transmitter size on survival, growth, wound healing, and tag expulsion in rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T17:15:51.175409","indexId":"70032288","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of suture material and ultrasonic transmitter size on survival, growth, wound healing, and tag expulsion in rainbow trout","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined the effects of suture material (braided silk versus Monocryl) and relative ultrasonic transmitter size on healing, growth, mortality, and tag retention in rainbow trout&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>. In experiment 1, 40 fish (205–281 mm total length [TL], 106–264 g) were implanted with Sonotronics IBT‐96–2 (23 × 7 mm; weight in air, 4.4 g; weight in water, 2.4 g) or IBT 96–2E (30 × 7 mm; weight in air, 4.9 g; weight in water, 2.4 g) ultrasonic telemetry tags. In experiment 2, 20 larger fish (342–405 mm TL; 520–844 g) were implanted with Sonotronics IBT‐96–5 ultrasonic tags (36 × 11 mm; weight in air, 9.1 g; weight in water, 4.1 g). The tag burdens for all implanted fish ranged from 1.1% to 3.4%, and fish in both studies were held at 10–15°C. At the conclusion of both experiments (65 d after surgery), no mortalities were observed in any of the 60 tagged fish, most incisions were completely healed, and all fish in both experiments grew in length, although tagged fish grew more slowly than control fish in experiment 1. In both experiments, fish sutured with silk expelled tags more frequently than those sutured with Monocryl. Expulsion was observed in 45–50% of the fish sutured with silk and 0–25% of the fish sutured with Monocryl. Tag expulsion was not observed until 25–35 d after surgery. Fish sutured with silk exhibited a more severe inflammatory response 3 weeks after surgery than those sutured with Monocryl. In experiment 1, the rate of expulsion was linked to the severity of inflammation. Although braided silk sutures were applied faster than Moncryl sutures in both experiments, knots tied with either material were equally reliable and fish sutured with Monocryl experienced less inflammation and lower rates of tag expulsion.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2011.651553","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Ivasauskas, T.J., Bettoli, P.W., and Holt, T., 2012, Effects of suture material and ultrasonic transmitter size on survival, growth, wound healing, and tag expulsion in rainbow trout: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 141, no. 1, p. 100-106, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.651553.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-022301","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07eee4b0c8380cd518df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivasauskas, Tomas J.","contributorId":84176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ivasauskas","given":"Tomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":435451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettoli, Phillip William pbettoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":1919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettoli","given":"Phillip","email":"pbettoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holt, T.","contributorId":30469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holt","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032691,"text":"70032691 - 2012 - Increased atmospheric deposition of mercury in reference lakes near major urban areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T16:50:10.031699","indexId":"70032691","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increased atmospheric deposition of mercury in reference lakes near major urban areas","docAbstract":"<p><span>Atmospheric deposition of Hg is the predominant pathway for Hg to reach sensitive ecosystems, but the importance of emissions on near-field deposition remains unclear. To better understand spatial variability in Hg deposition, mercury concentrations were analyzed in sediment cores from 12 lakes with undeveloped watersheds near to (&lt;50&nbsp;km) and remote from (&gt;150&nbsp;km) several major urban areas in the United States. Background and focusing corrected Hg fluxes and flux ratios (modern to background) in the near-urban lakes (68&nbsp;±&nbsp;6.9&nbsp;μg&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;and 9.8&nbsp;±&nbsp;4.8, respectively) greatly exceed those in the remote lakes (14&nbsp;±&nbsp;9.3&nbsp;μg&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;and 3.5&nbsp;±&nbsp;1.0) and the fluxes are strongly related to distance from the nearest major urban area (</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.87) and to population and Hg emissions within 50–100&nbsp;km of the lakes. Comparison to monitored wet deposition suggests that dry deposition is a major contributor of Hg to lakes near major urban areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2011.11.003","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P., 2012, Increased atmospheric deposition of mercury in reference lakes near major urban areas: Environmental Pollution, v. 162, p. 209-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.11.003.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"215","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213799,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.11.003"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70042125,"text":"70042125 - 2012 - The population structure of <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from subtropical and temperate soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T17:53:35","indexId":"70042125","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The population structure of <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from subtropical and temperate soils","docAbstract":"<p>While genotypically-distinct naturalized <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains have been shown to occur in riparian soils of Lake Michigan and Lake Superior watersheds, comparative analyses of <i>E. coli</i> populations in diverse soils across a range of geographic and climatic conditions have not been investigated. The main objectives of this study were to: (a) examine the population structure and genetic relatedness of <i>E. coli</i> isolates collected from different soil types on a tropical island (Hawaii), and (b) determine if <i>E. coli</i> populations from Hawaii and temperate soils (Indiana, Minnesota) shared similar genotypes that may be reflective of biome-related soil conditions. DNA fingerprint and multivariate statistical analyses were used to examine the population structure and genotypic characteristics of the <i>E. coli</i> isolates. About 33% (98 of 293) of the <i>E. coli</i> from different soil types and locations on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, had unique DNA fingerprints, indicating that these bacteria were relatively diverse; the Shannon diversity index for the population was 4.03. Nearly 60% (171 of 293) of the <i>E. coli</i> isolates from Hawaii clustered into two major groups and the rest, with two or more isolates, fell into one of 22 smaller groups, or individual lineages. Multivariate analysis of variance of 89, 21, and 106 unique <i>E. coli</i> DNA fingerprints for Hawaii, Indiana, and Minnesota soils, respectively, showed that isolates formed tight cohesive groups, clustering mainly by location. However, there were several instances of clonal isolates being shared between geographically different locations. Thus, while nearly identical <i>E. coli</i> strains were shared between disparate climatologically- and geographically-distinct locations, a vast majority of the soil <i>E. coli</i> strains were genotypically diverse and were likely derived from separate lineages. This supports the hypothesis that these bacteria are not unique and multiple genotypes can readily adapt to become part of the soil autochthonous microflora.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.12.041","usgsCitation":"Byappanahalli, M., Yan, T., Hamilton, M.J., Ishii, S., Fujioka, R.S., Whitman, R.L., and Sadowsky, M.J., 2012, The population structure of <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from subtropical and temperate soils: Science of the Total Environment, v. 417-418, p. 273-279, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.12.041.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"279","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":264790,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i, Indiana, Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan, Lake Superior, 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]\n}","volume":"417-418","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e50c3ce4b0e8fec6cea972","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.","contributorId":47335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"Muruleedhara N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yan, Tao","contributorId":40872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yan","given":"Tao","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, Matthew J.","contributorId":44056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ishii, Satoshi","contributorId":8741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishii","given":"Satoshi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fujioka, Roger S.","contributorId":72679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujioka","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whitman, Richard L. rwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","email":"rwhitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sadowsky, Michael J.","contributorId":34003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sadowsky","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70174110,"text":"70174110 - 2012 - Freshwater to seawater transitions in migratory fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-03T16:45:11","indexId":"70174110","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Freshwater to seawater transitions in migratory fishes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The transition from freshwater to seawater is integral to the life history of many fishes. Diverse migratory fishes express anadromous, catadromous, and amphidromous life histories, while others make incomplete transits between freshwater and seawater. The physiological mechanisms of osmoregulation are widely conserved among phylogenetically diverse species. Diadromous fishes moving between freshwater and seawater develop osmoregulatory mechanisms for different environmental salinities. Freshwater to seawater transition involves hormonally mediated changes in gill ionocytes and the transport proteins associated with hypoosmoregulation, increased seawater ingestion and water absorption in the intestine, and reduced urinary water losses. Fishes attain salinity tolerance through early development, gradual acclimation, or environmentally or developmentally cued adaptations. This chapter describes adaptations in diverse taxa and the effects of salinity on growth. Identifying common strategies in diadromous fishes moving between freshwater and seawater will reveal the ecological and physiological basis for maintaining homeostasis in different salinities, and inform efforts to conserve and manage migratory euryhaline fishes.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fish Physiology","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-396951-4.00006-2","usgsCitation":"Zydlewski, J.D., and Michael P. Wilkie, 2012, Freshwater to seawater transitions in migratory fishes, chap. <i>of</i> Fish Physiology, p. 253-326, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-396951-4.00006-2.","productDescription":"74 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"326","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037876","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315c0e4b006cb45558aa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael P. Wilkie","contributorId":172495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michael P. Wilkie","affiliations":[{"id":27055,"text":"Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Onatrio, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70032470,"text":"70032470 - 2012 - Generation and evolution of hydrothermal fluids at Yellowstone: Insights from the Heart Lake Geyser Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T13:00:34","indexId":"70032470","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Generation and evolution of hydrothermal fluids at Yellowstone: Insights from the Heart Lake Geyser Basin","docAbstract":"We sampled fumaroles and hot springs from the Heart Lake Geyser Basin (HLGB), measured water and gas discharge, and estimated heat and mass flux from this geothermal area in 2009. The combined data set reveals that diverse fluids share an origin by mixing of deep solute-rich parent water with dilute heated meteoric water, accompanied by subsequent boiling. A variety of chemical and isotopic geothermometers are consistent with a parent water that equilibrates with rocks at 205°C ± 10°C and then undergoes 21% ± 2% adiabatic boiling. Measured diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> flux and fumarole compositions are consistent with an initial dissolved CO<sub>2</sub> concentration of 21 ± 7 mmol upon arrival at the caldera boundary and prior to southeast flow, boiling, and discharge along the Witch Creek drainage. The calculated advective flow from the basin is 78 ± 16 L s<sup>−1</sup> of parent thermal water, corresponding to 68 ± 14 MW, or &ndash;1% of the estimated thermal flux from Yellowstone. Helium and carbon isotopes reveal minor addition of locally derived crustal, biogenic, and meteoric gases as this fluid boils and degasses, reducing the He isotope ratio (Rc/Ra) from 2.91 to 1.09. The HLGB is one of the few thermal areas at Yellowstone that approaches a closed system, where a series of progressively boiled waters can be sampled along with related steam and noncondensable gas. At other Yellowstone locations, steam and gas are found without associated neutral Cl waters (e.g., Hot Spring Basin) or Cl-rich waters emerge without significant associated steam and gas (Upper Geyser Basin).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011GC003835","issn":"15252027","usgsCitation":"Lowenstern, J.B., Bergfeld, D., Evans, W.C., and Hurwitz, S., 2012, Generation and evolution of hydrothermal fluids at Yellowstone: Insights from the Heart Lake Geyser Basin: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 13, no. 1, 20 p.; Q01017, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GC003835.","productDescription":"20 p.; Q01017","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474808,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gc003835","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214032,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GC003835"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park;Heart Lake Geyser","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.514654,44.27994 ], [ -110.514654,44.299944 ], [ -110.494646,44.299944 ], [ -110.494646,44.27994 ], [ -110.514654,44.27994 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a154ee4b0c8380cd54d4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowenstern, J. B.","contributorId":7737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergfeld, D.","contributorId":58053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergfeld","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hurwitz, S.","contributorId":61110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032318,"text":"70032318 - 2012 - Experimental determination of soil heat storage for the simulation of heat transport in a coastal wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T13:01:40.584017","indexId":"70032318","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental determination of soil heat storage for the simulation of heat transport in a coastal wetland","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp010\">Two physical experiments were developed to better define the thermal interaction of wetland water and the underlying soil layer. This information is important to numerical models of flow and heat transport that have been developed to support biological studies in the South Florida coastal wetland areas. The experimental apparatus consists of two 1.32&nbsp;m diameter by 0.99&nbsp;m tall, trailer-mounted, well-insulated tanks filled with soil and water. A peat–sand–soil mixture was used to represent the wetland soil, and artificial plants were used as a surrogate for emergent wetland vegetation based on size and density observed in the field. The tanks are instrumented with thermocouples to measure vertical and horizontal temperature variations and were placed in an outdoor environment subject to solar radiation, wind, and other factors affecting the heat transfer. Instruments also measure solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speed.</p><p id=\"sp015\">Tests indicate that heat transfer through the sides and bottoms of the tanks is negligible, so the experiments represent vertical heat transfer effects only. The temperature fluctuations measured in the vertical profile through the soil and water are used to calibrate a one-dimensional heat-transport model. The model was used to calculate the thermal conductivity of the soil. Additionally, the model was used to calculate the total heat stored in the soil. This information was then used in a lumped parameter model to calculate an effective depth of soil which provides the appropriate heat storage to be combined with the heat storage in the water column. An effective depth, in the model, of 5.1&nbsp;cm of wetland soil represents the heat storage needed to match the data taken in the tank containing 55.9&nbsp;cm of peat/sand/soil mix. The artificial low-density laboratory sawgrass reduced the solar energy absorbed by the 35.6&nbsp;cm of water and 55.9&nbsp;cm of soil at midday by less than 5%. The maximum heat transfer into the underlying peat–sand–soil mix lags behind maximum solar radiation by approximately 2&nbsp;h. A slightly longer temperature lag was observed between the maximum solar radiation and maximum water temperature both with and without soil.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.12.036","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Swain, M., Swain, M., Lohmann, M., and Swain, E., 2012, Experimental determination of soil heat storage for the simulation of heat transport in a coastal wetland: Journal of Hydrology, v. 422-423, p. 53-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.12.036.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"62","costCenters":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"422-423","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dc5e4b0c8380cd531b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swain, Michael","contributorId":79716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swain, Matthew","contributorId":68126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lohmann, Melinda 0000-0003-1472-159X mlohmann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-159X","contributorId":2971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohmann","given":"Melinda","email":"mlohmann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swain, Eric 0000-0001-7168-708X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":23347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189578,"text":"70189578 - 2012 - Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-17T16:51:31","indexId":"70189578","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ratio of copper to dissolved organic matter (DOM) is known to affect the strength of copper binding by DOM, but previous methods to determine the Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding strength have generally not measured binding constants over the same Cu:DOM ratios. In this study, we used a competitive ligand exchange–solid-phase extraction (CLE-SPE) method to determine conditional stability constants for Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding at pH 6.6 and 0.01 M ionic strength over a range of Cu:DOM ratios that bridge the detection windows of copper-ion-selective electrode and voltammetry measurements. As the Cu:DOM ratio increased from 0.0005 to 0.1 mg of Cu/mg of DOM, the measured conditional binding constant (</span><sup>c</sup><i>K</i><sub>CuDOM</sub><span>) decreased from 10</span><sup>11.5</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10</span><sup>5.6</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>M</span><sup>–1</sup><span>. A comparison of the binding constants measured by CLE-SPE with those measured by copper-ion-selective electrode and voltammetry demonstrates that the Cu:DOM ratio is an important factor controlling Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span>–DOM binding strength even for DOM isolates of different types and different sources and for whole water samples. The results were modeled with Visual MINTEQ and compared to results from the biotic ligand model (BLM). The BLM was found to over-estimate Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>at low total copper concentrations and under-estimate Cu</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>at high total copper concentrations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es301015p","usgsCitation":"Craven, A.M., Aiken, G.R., and Ryan, J.N., 2012, Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 18, p. 9948-9955, https://doi.org/10.1021/es301015p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"9948","endPage":"9955","ipdsId":"IP-036934","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca6e4b0d1f9f062757f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craven, Alison M.","contributorId":194767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craven","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70189575,"text":"70189575 - 2012 - Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:41:04","indexId":"70189575","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>Using fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) we characterized and modeled the fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in samples from the Penobscot River, Androscoggin River, Penobscot Bay, and the Gulf of Maine (GoM). We analyzed excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) using an existing PARAFAC model (</span>Cory and McKnight, 2005<span>) and created a system-specific model with seven components (GoM PARAFAC). The GoM PARAFAC model contained six components similar to those in other PARAFAC models and one unique component with a spectrum similar to a residual found using the<span>&nbsp;</span></span>Cory and McKnight (2005)<span><span>&nbsp;</span>model. The unique component was abundant in samples from the Androscoggin River immediately downstream of a pulp mill effluent release site. The detection of a PARAFAC component associated with an anthropogenic source of DOM, such as pulp mill effluent, demonstrates the importance for rigorously analyzing PARAFAC residuals and developing system-specific models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.040","usgsCitation":"Cawley, K.M., Butler, K.D., Aiken, G.R., Larsen, L., Huntington, T.G., and McKnight, D.M., 2012, Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 64, no. 8, p. 1678-1687, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.040.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1678","endPage":"1687","ipdsId":"IP-036937","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.533203125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.533203125,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              46.37725420510028\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99639892578125,\n              43.30919109985686\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca7e4b0d1f9f0627583","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cawley, Kaelin M.","contributorId":194765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cawley","given":"Kaelin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. kebutler@usgs.gov","contributorId":3283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larsen, Laurel G. lglarsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Laurel G.","email":"lglarsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70045011,"text":"70045011 - 2012 - Navigational inlets are conduits for land-based sources of pollution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-16T13:40:26","indexId":"70045011","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Navigational inlets are conduits for land-based sources of pollution","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tropical connections: south Florida's marine environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"IAN Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, MD","usgsCitation":"Flutch, J., Griffin, D., and Lipp, E.K., 2012, Navigational inlets are conduits for land-based sources of pollution, chap. <i>of</i> Tropical connections: south Florida's marine environment, p. 149-149.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"149","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":288,"text":"Florida Water Science Center-Tallahassee","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270217,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","city":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.63,24.52 ], [ -87.63,31.0 ], [ -80.03,31.0 ], [ -80.03,24.52 ], [ -87.63,24.52 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5152b563e4b01197b08e9be5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flutch, J.C.","contributorId":30522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flutch","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffin, Dale W.","contributorId":23668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lipp, Erin K.","contributorId":73823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipp","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032379,"text":"70032379 - 2012 - Methylation of Hg downstream from the Bonanza Hg mine, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T14:25:41","indexId":"70032379","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methylation of Hg downstream from the Bonanza Hg mine, Oregon","docAbstract":"Speciation of Hg and conversion to methyl-Hg were evaluated in stream sediment, stream water, and aquatic snails collected downstream from the Bonanza Hg mine, Oregon. Total production from the Bonanza mine was &gt;1360t of Hg, during mining from the late 1800s to 1960, ranking it as an intermediate sized Hg mine on an international scale. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution, transport, and methylation of Hg downstream from a Hg mine in a coastal temperate climatic zone. Data shown here for methyl-Hg, a neurotoxin hazardous to humans, are the first reported for sediment and water from this area. Stream sediment collected from Foster Creek flowing downstream from the Bonanza mine contained elevated Hg concentrations that ranged from 590 to 71,000ng/g, all of which (except the most distal sample) exceeded the probable effect concentration (PEC) of 1060ng/g, the Hg concentration above which harmful effects are likely to be observed in sediment-dwelling organisms. Concentrations of methyl-Hg in stream sediment collected from Foster Creek varied from 11 to 62ng/g and were highly elevated compared to regional baseline concentrations (0.11-0.82ng/g) established in this study. Methyl-Hg concentrations in stream sediment collected in this study showed a significant correlation with total organic C (TOC, R<sup>2</sup>=0.62), generally indicating increased methyl-Hg formation with increasing TOC in sediment. Isotopic-tracer methods indicated that several samples of Foster Creek sediment exhibited high rates of Hg-methylation. Concentrations of Hg in water collected downstream from the mine varied from 17 to 270ng/L and were also elevated compared to baselines, but all were below the 770ng/L Hg standard recommended by the USEPA to protect against chronic effects to aquatic wildlife. Concentrations of methyl-Hg in the water collected from Foster Creek ranged from 0.17 to 1.8ng/L, which were elevated compared to regional baseline sites upstream and downstream from the mine that varied from &lt;0.02 to 0.22ng/L. Aquatic snails collected downstream from the mine were elevated in Hg indicating significant bioavailability and uptake of Hg by these snails. Results for sediment and water indicated significant methyl-Hg formation in the ecosystem downstream from the Bonanza mine, which is enhanced by the temperate climate, high precipitation in the area, and high organic matter.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.09.019","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Hines, M.E., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Thoms, B., 2012, Methylation of Hg downstream from the Bonanza Hg mine, Oregon: Applied Geochemistry, v. 27, no. 1, p. 106-114, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.09.019.","startPage":"106","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213657,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.09.019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.694382,43.049322 ], [ -123.694382,43.748281 ], [ -122.995377,43.748281 ], [ -122.995377,43.049322 ], [ -123.694382,43.049322 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5619e4b0c8380cd6d354","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, Mark E.","contributorId":43180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thoms, Bryn","contributorId":95278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thoms","given":"Bryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70045211,"text":"70045211 - 2012 - Results of the first North American comparison of absolute gravimeters, NACAG-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T11:54:22","indexId":"70045211","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2303,"text":"Journal of Geodesy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Results of the first North American comparison of absolute gravimeters, NACAG-2010","docAbstract":"The first North American Comparison of absolute gravimeters (NACAG-2010) was hosted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration at its newly renovated Table Mountain Geophysical Observatory (TMGO) north of Boulder, Colorado, in October 2010. NACAG-2010 and the renovation of TMGO are part of NGS’s GRAV-D project (Gravity for the Redefinition of the American Vertical Datum). Nine absolute gravimeters from three countries participated in the comparison. Before the comparison, the gravimeter operators agreed to a protocol describing the strategy to measure, calculate, and present the results. Nine sites were used to measure the free-fall acceleration of g. Each gravimeter measured the value of g at a subset of three of the sites, for a total set of 27 g-values for the comparison. The absolute gravimeters agree with one another with a standard deviation of 1.6 µGal (1 Gal = 1 cm s-2). The minimum and maximum offsets are -2.8 and 2.7 µGal. This is an excellent agreement and can be attributed to multiple factors, including gravimeters that were in good working order, good operators, a quiet observatory, and a short duration time for the experiment. These results can be used to standardize gravity surveys internationally.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geodesy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00190-011-0539-y","usgsCitation":"Schmerge, D., Francis, O., Henton, J., Ingles, D., Jones, D., Kennedy, J.R., Krauterbluth, K., Liard, J., Newell, D., Sands, R., Schiel, J., Silliker, J., and van Westrum, D., 2012, Results of the first North American comparison of absolute gravimeters, NACAG-2010: Journal of Geodesy, v. 86, no. 8, p. 591-596, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-011-0539-y.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"596","numberOfPages":"6","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034910","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271961,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271960,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00190-011-0539-y"}],"volume":"86","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a2279e4b061e1bd5334a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmerge, David","contributorId":78228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmerge","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Francis, Olvier","contributorId":93367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francis","given":"Olvier","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henton, J.","contributorId":85072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingles, D.","contributorId":64140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingles","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, D.","contributorId":16578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-3365-6589 jkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":2172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Krauterbluth, K.","contributorId":67791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauterbluth","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Liard, J.","contributorId":14676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liard","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Newell, D.","contributorId":14281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sands, R.","contributorId":62909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sands","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schiel, J.","contributorId":74276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiel","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Silliker, J.","contributorId":105625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silliker","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"van Westrum, D.","contributorId":77030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Westrum","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70043839,"text":"70043839 - 2012 - Molecular characterization and comparison of shale oils generated by different pyrolysis methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-26T15:17:11","indexId":"70043839","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1506,"text":"Energy & Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular characterization and comparison of shale oils generated by different pyrolysis methods","docAbstract":"Shale oils generated using different laboratory pyrolysis methods have been studied using standard oil characterization methods as well as Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric photoionization (APPI) to assess differences in molecular composition. The pyrolysis oils were generated from samples of the Mahogany zone oil shale of the Eocene Green River Formation collected from outcrops in the Piceance Basin, Colorado, using three pyrolysis systems under conditions relevant to surface and in situ retorting approaches. Significant variations were observed in the shale oils, particularly the degree of conjugation of the constituent molecules and the distribution of nitrogen-containing compound classes. Comparison of FT-ICR MS results to other oil characteristics, such as specific gravity; saturate, aromatic, resin, asphaltene (SARA) distribution; and carbon number distribution determined by gas chromatography, indicated correspondence between higher average double bond equivalence (DBE) values and increasing asphaltene content. The results show that, based on the shale oil DBE distributions, highly conjugated species are enriched in samples produced under low pressure, high temperature conditions, and under high pressure, moderate temperature conditions in the presence of water. We also report, for the first time in any petroleum-like substance, the presence of N<sub>4</sub> class compounds based on FT-ICR MS data. Using double bond equivalence and carbon number distributions, structures for the N<sub>4</sub> class and other nitrogen-containing compounds are proposed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Energy & Fuels","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1021/ef201517a","usgsCitation":"Birdwell, J.E., Jin, J.M., and Kim, S., 2012, Molecular characterization and comparison of shale oils generated by different pyrolysis methods: Energy & Fuels, v. 26, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef201517a.","numberOfPages":"32","ipdsId":"IP-033210","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268411,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268410,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef201517a"}],"volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6808e4b0b29085101c5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jin, Jang Mi","contributorId":28877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"Jang","email":"","middleInitial":"Mi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kim, Sunghwan","contributorId":108376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Sunghwan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032385,"text":"70032385 - 2012 - Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a land-use gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T22:50:39.387464","indexId":"70032385","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a land-use gradient","docAbstract":"<p><span>Genetic diversity and species diversity are expected to covary according to area and isolation, but may not always covary with environmental heterogeneity. In this study, we examined how patterns of genetic and species diversity in stream fishes correspond to local and regional environmental conditions. To do so, we compared population size, genetic diversity and divergence in central stonerollers (</span><i>Campostoma anomalum</i><span>) to measures of species diversity and turnover in stream fish assemblages among similarly sized watersheds across an agriculture–forest land-use gradient in the Little Miami River basin (Ohio, USA). Significant correlations were found in many, but not all, pair-wise comparisons. Allelic richness and species richness were strongly correlated, for example, but diversity measures based on allele frequencies and assemblage structure were not. In-stream conditions related to agricultural land use were identified as significant predictors of genetic diversity and species diversity. Comparisons to population size indicate, however, that genetic diversity and species diversity are not necessarily independent and that variation also corresponds to watershed location and glaciation history in the drainage basin. Our findings demonstrate that genetic diversity and species diversity can covary in stream fish assemblages, and illustrate the potential importance of scaling observations to capture responses to hierarchical environmental variation. More comparisons according to life history variation could further improve understanding of conditions that give rise to parallel variation in genetic diversity and species diversity, which in turn could improve diagnosis of anthropogenic influences on aquatic ecosystems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer- Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s00442-011-2078-x","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Blum, M., Bagley, M., Walters, D., Jackson, S., Daniel, F., Chaloud, D., and Cade, B.S., 2012, Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a land-use gradient: Oecologia, v. 168, no. 1, p. 83-95, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2078-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"95","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213747,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2078-x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Little Miami River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.902587890625,\n              38.77549900381297\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.6224365234375,\n              39.07037913108751\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.3587646484375,\n              39.33429742980725\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.3642578125,\n              39.72831341029745\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5784912109375,\n              39.96870074491696\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.0179443359375,\n              40.027614437486655\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.26513671875,\n              39.884450178234395\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.52880859375,\n              39.44891948347229\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.627685546875,\n              39.10875135935859\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.4573974609375,\n              39.11727568585598\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.407958984375,\n              39.06611426153784\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.2596435546875,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.2596435546875,\n              38.83542884007305\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.0618896484375,\n              38.77978137804918\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.902587890625,\n              38.77549900381297\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"168","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1573e4b0c8380cd54e04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blum, M.J.","contributorId":8298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bagley, M.J.","contributorId":17054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagley","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walters, D.M.","contributorId":41507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackson, S.A.","contributorId":20990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Daniel, F.B.","contributorId":20165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chaloud, D.J.","contributorId":46249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaloud","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70045342,"text":"70045342 - 2012 - Conditions and processes affecting radionuclide transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-13T11:32:12","indexId":"70045342","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1726,"text":"GSA Memoirs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conditions and processes affecting radionuclide transport","docAbstract":"<p>Characteristics of host rocks, secondary minerals, and fluids would affect the transport of radionuclides from a previously proposed repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Minerals in the Yucca Mountain tuffs that are important for retarding radionuclides include clinoptilolite and mordenite (zeolites), clay minerals, and iron and manganese oxides and hydroxides. Water compositions along flow paths beneath Yucca Mountain are controlled by dissolution reactions, silica and calcite precipitation, and ion-exchange reactions. Radionuclide concentrations along flow paths from a repository could be limited by (1) low waste-form dissolution rates, (2) low radionuclide solubility, and (3) radionuclide sorption onto geological media.</p>\n<p>The chief sources of radioactivity in spent nuclear fuel are americium, plutonium, and neptunium. Therefore, studies have concentrated on their geochemical mobility. Uranium-233, uranium-234, iodine-129, technetium-99, and other radionuclides also have been included in some experiments. Solubilities were determined experimentally in representative Yucca Mountain waters. Sorption coefficients were determined using water, rock, and pure mineral samples from Yucca Mountain. Batch experiments were performed at several pH levels and oxidizing conditions. Dynamic transport-column experiments, diffusion experiments, and solid-rock beaker experiments also were conducted. The batch tests gave slightly lower retardation factors than those derived from column-breakthrough experiments. This finding indicates that using batch-sorption coefficients to predict radionuclide transport will yield conservative results in a performance assessment.</p>\n<p>Understanding of unsaturated-zone transport is based on laboratory and field-scale experiments. Fractures provide advective transport pathways. Sorption and matrix diffusion may contribute to retardation of radionuclides. Conversely, sorption onto mobile colloids may enhance radionuclide transport.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2012.1209(06)","usgsCitation":"Simmons, A.M., and Neymark, L.A., 2012, Conditions and processes affecting radionuclide transport: GSA Memoirs, v. 209, p. 277-362, https://doi.org/10.1130/2012.1209(06).","productDescription":"86 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"362","numberOfPages":"86","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025158","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271326,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"209","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51751748e4b074c2b05564b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simmons, Ardyth M.","contributorId":94412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Ardyth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neymark, Leonid A. lneymark@usgs.gov","contributorId":532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"Leonid","email":"lneymark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045351,"text":"70045351 - 2012 - Multi-gauge Calibration for modeling the Semi-Arid Santa Cruz Watershed in Arizona-Mexico Border Area Using SWAT","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-22T14:33:36","indexId":"70045351","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":686,"text":"Air, Soil and Water Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-gauge Calibration for modeling the Semi-Arid Santa Cruz Watershed in Arizona-Mexico Border Area Using SWAT","docAbstract":"In most watershed-modeling studies, flow is calibrated at one monitoring site, usually at the watershed outlet. Like many arid and semi-arid watersheds, the main reach of the Santa Cruz watershed, located on the Arizona-Mexico border, is discontinuous for most of the year except during large flood events, and therefore the flow characteristics at the outlet do not represent the entire watershed. Calibration is required at multiple locations along the Santa Cruz River to improve model reliability. The objective of this study was to best portray surface water flow in this semiarid watershed and evaluate the effect of multi-gage calibration on flow predictions. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was calibrated at seven monitoring stations, which improved model performance and increased the reliability of flow, in the Santa Cruz watershed. The most sensitive parameters to affect flow were found to be curve number (CN2), soil evaporation and compensation coefficient (ESCO), threshold water depth in shallow aquifer for return flow to occur (GWQMN), base flow alpha factor (Alpha_Bf), and effective hydraulic conductivity of the soil layer (Ch_K2). In comparison, when the model was established with a single calibration at the watershed outlet, flow predictions at other monitoring gages were inaccurate. This study emphasizes the importance of multi-gage calibration to develop a reliable watershed model in arid and semiarid environments. The developed model, with further calibration of water quality parameters will be an integral part of the Santa Cruz Watershed Ecosystem Portfolio Model (SCWEPM), an online decision support tool, to assess the impacts of climate change and urban growth in the Santa Cruz watershed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Air, Soil and Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Libertas Academica Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Auckland, New Zealand","doi":"10.4137/ASWR.S9410","usgsCitation":"Niraula, R., Norman, L.A., Meixner, T., and Callegary, J.B., 2012, Multi-gauge Calibration for modeling the Semi-Arid Santa Cruz Watershed in Arizona-Mexico Border Area Using SWAT: Air, Soil and Water Research, v. 2012, no. 5, p. 41-57, https://doi.org/10.4137/ASWR.S9410.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"57","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-033521","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4137/aswr.s9410","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":271377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271378,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ASWR.S9410"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.213226,31.210452 ], [ -111.213226,32.345162 ], [ -110.67627,32.345162 ], [ -110.67627,31.210452 ], [ -111.213226,31.210452 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2012","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51765bebe4b0f989f99e0107","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niraula, Rewati","contributorId":100714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niraula","given":"Rewati","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norman, Laura A.","contributorId":108003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meixner, Thomas","contributorId":22653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meixner","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Callegary, James B. 0000-0003-3604-0517 jcallega@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3604-0517","contributorId":2171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callegary","given":"James","email":"jcallega@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70043364,"text":"70043364 - 2012 - Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T14:47:42","indexId":"70043364","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2259,"text":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin","docAbstract":"Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is tightly linked to land use activities that determine the sources and magnitudes of pollutant loadings to stream water. The pollutant loads may also be alleviated within reservoirs because of the physical interception resulting from changed hydrological regimes and other biochemical processes. It is important but challenging to assess the NPS pollution processes with human effects due to the measurement limitations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of human activities such as land uses and reservoir operation on the hydrological and NPS pollution processes in a highly agricultural area-the Iowa River Basin-using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The evaluation of model performance at multiple sites reveals that SWAT can consistently simulate the daily streamflow, and monthly/annual sediment and nutrient loads (nitrate nitrogen and mineral phosphorus) in the basin. We also used the calibrated model to estimate the trap efficiencies of sediment (&#126;78%) and nutrients (&#126;30%) in the Coralville Reservoir within the basin. These non-negligible effects emphasize the significance of incorporating the sediment and nutrient removal mechanisms into watershed system studies. The spatial quantification of the critical NPS pollution loads can help identify hot-spot areas that are likely locations for the best management practices.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"RSC Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1039/C2EM30278K","usgsCitation":"Wu, Y., and Liu, S., 2012, Modeling of land use and reservoir effects on nonpoint source pollution in a highly agricultural basin: Journal of Environmental Monitoring, v. 14, no. 9, p. 2350-2361, https://doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30278K.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2350","endPage":"2361","numberOfPages":"12","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025744","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269168,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30278K"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.9935,41.0483 ], [ -93.9935,43.8583 ], [ -89.9945,43.8583 ], [ -89.9945,41.0483 ], [ -93.9935,41.0483 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"14","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51404e83e4b089809dbf4494","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Yiping ywu@usgs.gov","contributorId":987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Yiping","email":"ywu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shu-Guang sliu@usgs.gov","contributorId":984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shu-Guang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035492,"text":"70035492 - 2012 - An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T16:39:21.889556","indexId":"70035492","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system","docAbstract":"<p><span>Accurate topographic data are critical to restoration science and planning for the Everglades region of South Florida, USA. They are needed to monitor and simulate water level, water depth and hydroperiod and are used in scientific research on hydrologic and biologic processes. Because large wetland environments and data acquisition challenge conventional ground-based and remotely sensed data collection methods, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) adapted a classical data collection instrument to global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. Data acquired with this instrument were processed using geostatistics to yield sub-water level elevation values with centimetre accuracy (±15 cm). The developed database framework, modelling philosophy and metadata protocol allow for continued, collaborative model revision and expansion, given additional elevation or other ancillary data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2010.533212","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.W., Desmond, G., Henkle, C., and Glover, R., 2012, An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 33, no. 2, p. 450-465, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.533212.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"465","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.533212"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.14501953125,\n              25.105497373014686\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.22216796875,\n              25.145284610685064\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.8486328125,\n              25.898761936567023\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.9365234375,\n              26.33280692289788\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.0458984375,\n              26.33280692289788\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.14501953125,\n              25.105497373014686\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea0ce4b0c8380cd485db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, J. W.","contributorId":89233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Desmond, G.B.","contributorId":35014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desmond","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henkle, C.","contributorId":91319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henkle","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glover, R.","contributorId":103106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glover","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70197908,"text":"70197908 - 2012 - Chemical mixtures in untreated water from public-supply wells in the U.S. — Occurrence, composition, and potential toxicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-26T11:41:06","indexId":"70197908","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical mixtures in untreated water from public-supply wells in the U.S. — Occurrence, composition, and potential toxicity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Chemical mixtures are prevalent in groundwater used for public water supply, but little is known about their potential health effects. As part of a large-scale ambient groundwater study, we evaluated chemical mixtures across multiple chemical classes, and included more chemical contaminants than in previous studies of mixtures in public-supply wells. We (1) assessed the occurrence of chemical mixtures in untreated source-water samples from public-supply wells, (2) determined the composition of the most frequently occurring mixtures, and (3) characterized the potential toxicity of mixtures using a new screening approach. The U.S. Geological Survey collected one untreated water sample from each of 383 public wells distributed across 35 states, and analyzed the samples for as many as 91 chemical contaminants. Concentrations of mixture components were compared to individual human-health benchmarks; the potential toxicity of mixtures was characterized by addition of benchmark-normalized component concentrations. Most samples (84%) contained mixtures of two or more contaminants, each at concentrations greater than one-tenth of individual benchmarks. The chemical mixtures that most frequently occurred and had the greatest potential toxicity primarily were composed of trace elements (including arsenic, strontium, or uranium), radon, or nitrate. Herbicides, disinfection by-products, and solvents were the most common organic contaminants in mixtures. The sum of benchmark-normalized concentrations was greater than 1 for 58% of samples, suggesting that there could be potential for mixtures toxicity in more than half of the public-well samples. Our findings can be used to help set priorities for groundwater monitoring and suggest future research directions for drinking-water treatment studies and for toxicity assessments of chemical mixtures in water resources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.044","usgsCitation":"Toccalino, P.L., Norman, J.E., and Scott, J.C., 2012, Chemical mixtures in untreated water from public-supply wells in the U.S. — Occurrence, composition, and potential toxicity: Science of the Total Environment, v. 431, p. 262-270, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.044.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"270","ipdsId":"IP-030178","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":355349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"431","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46f6ece4b060350a15d3be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toccalino, Patricia L. 0000-0003-1066-1702 ptocca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-1702","contributorId":933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toccalino","given":"Patricia","email":"ptocca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":739023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norman, Julia E. 0000-0002-2820-6225 jnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-6225","contributorId":3832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Julia","email":"jnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, Jonathon C. jcscott@usgs.gov","contributorId":5449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Jonathon","email":"jcscott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":739025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173875,"text":"70173875 - 2012 - Lake sturgeon population attributes and reproductive structure in the Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota and Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T14:21:04","indexId":"70173875","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake sturgeon population attributes and reproductive structure in the Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota and Ontario","docAbstract":"<p><span>Quantified were the age, growth, mortality and reproductive structure of lake sturgeon (</span><i>Acipenser fulvescens</i><span>) collected in the US and Canadian waters of the Namakan Reservoir. The hypotheses were tested that (i) age and growth of lake sturgeon in the Namakan Reservoir would differ by sex and reproductive stage of maturity, and (ii) that the relative strength of year-classes of lake sturgeon in the reservoir would be affected by environmental variables. To quantify age, growth and mortality of the population, existing data was used from a multi-agency database containing information on all lake sturgeon sampled in the reservoir from 2004 to 2009. Lake sturgeon were sampled in the Minnesota and Ontario waters of the Namakan Reservoir using multi-filament gillnets 1.8&nbsp;m high and 30&ndash;100&nbsp;m long and varying in mesh size from 178 to 356&nbsp;mm stretch. Reproductive structure of the lake sturgeon was assessed only during spring 2008 and 2009 using plasma testosterone and estradiol-17&beta; concentrations. Ages of lake sturgeon &gt;75&nbsp;cm ranged from 9 to 86&nbsp;years (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;533, mean&nbsp;=&nbsp;36&nbsp;years). A catch-curve analysis using the 1981&ndash;1953&nbsp;year classes estimated total annual mortality of adults to be 4.8% and annual survival as 95.2%. Using logistic regression analysis, it was found that total annual precipitation was positively associated with lake sturgeon year-class strength in the Namakan Reservoir. A 10&nbsp;cm increase in total annual precipitation was associated with at least a 39% increase in the odds of occurrence of a strong year class of lake sturgeon in the reservoir. Plasma steroid analysis revealed a sex ratio of 2.4 females: 1 male and, on average, 10% of female and 30% of male lake sturgeon were reproductively mature each year (i.e. potential spawners). Moreover, there was evidence based on re-captured male fish of both periodic and annual spawning, as well as the ability of males to rapidly undergo gonadal maturation prior to spawning. Knowledge of lake sturgeon reproductive structure and factors influencing recruitment success contribute to the widespread conservation efforts for this threatened species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01927.x","usgsCitation":"Shaw, S.L., Chipps, S.R., Windels, S.K., Webb, M., McLeod, D.T., and Willis, D., 2012, Lake sturgeon population attributes and reproductive structure in the Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota and Ontario: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 168-175, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01927.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"168","endPage":"175","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031252","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Minnesota, Ontario","otherGeospatial":"Namakan Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.44696044921875,\n              48.25576986959547\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.44696044921875,\n              48.69821216562637\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.35931396484374,\n              48.69821216562637\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.35931396484374,\n              48.25576986959547\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.44696044921875,\n              48.25576986959547\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c34e4b07657d19a69fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaw, S. L.","contributorId":171918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaw","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Windels, Steve K.","contributorId":182422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Windels","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":18939,"text":"Voyageurs National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Webb, M.A.H.","contributorId":102241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"M.A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McLeod, D. T.","contributorId":171920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLeod","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Willis, D.W.","contributorId":56179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willis","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70173906,"text":"70173906 - 2012 - Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-15T11:38:03","indexId":"70173906","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys","docAbstract":"<p><span>Population declines of lamprey species have largely been attributed to habitat degradation, yet there still remain many unanswered questions about the relationships between lampreys and their habitats (</span><a class=\"link__reference js-link__reference\" title=\"Link to bibliographic citation\" rel=\"references:#b14\" href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x#b14\">Torgensen &amp; Close 2004</a><span>;&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link__reference js-link__reference\" title=\"Link to bibliographic citation\" rel=\"references:#b12\" href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x#b12\">Smith et&nbsp;al. 2011</a><span>). One scarcely researched area of lamprey ecology is the effect of predation on lampreys (</span><a class=\"link__reference js-link__reference\" title=\"Link to bibliographic citation\" rel=\"references:#b2\" href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x#b2\">Cochran 2009</a><span>). Specifically, the influence of available habitat on predation risk has not been documented for larval lampreys but may be important to the management and conservation of lamprey populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.M., Welsh, S., and Turk, P.J., 2012, Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 21, no. 1, p. 160-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"163","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032153","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Monongahela River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.26611328125,\n              39.707186656826565\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.1395263671875,\n              38.3287297527893\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.496826171875,\n              37.92253448828906\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.8431396484375,\n              37.94852933714952\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.4970703125,\n              39.20246222588238\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47509765625,\n              39.715638134796336\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.26611328125,\n              39.707186656826565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c2ee4b07657d19a69ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Dustin M.","contributorId":171829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Dustin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X swelsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":152088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart A.","email":"swelsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turk, Philip J.","contributorId":171830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turk","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032224,"text":"70032224 - 2012 - Distribution and geochemistry of selected trace elements in the Sacramento River near Keswick Reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T22:46:11.980694","indexId":"70032224","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and geochemistry of selected trace elements in the Sacramento River near Keswick Reservoir","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">The effect of heavy metals from the Iron Mountain Mines (IMM) Superfund site on the upper Sacramento River is examined using data from water and bed sediment samples collected during 1996–97. Relative to surrounding waters, aluminum, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, thallium, zinc and the rare-earth elements (REE) were all present in high concentrations in effluent from Spring Creek Reservoir (SCR), which enters into the Sacramento River in the Spring Creek Arm of Keswick Reservoir. SCR was constructed in part to regulate the flow of acidic, metal-rich waters draining the IMM Superfund site. Although virtually all of these metals exist in SCR in the dissolved form, upon entering Keswick Reservoir they at least partially converted via precipitation and/or adsorption to the particulate phase. In spite of this, few of the metals settled out; instead the vast majority was transported colloidally down the Sacramento River at least to Bend Bridge, 67&nbsp;km from Keswick Dam.</p><p id=\"sp0010\">The geochemical influence of IMM on the upper Sacramento River was variable, chiefly dependent on the flow of Spring Creek. Although the average flow of the Sacramento River at Keswick Dam is 250&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>/s (cubic meters per second), even flows as low as 0.3&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>/s from Spring Creek were sufficient to account for more than 15% of the metals loading at Bend Bridge, and these proportions increased with increasing Spring Creek flow.</p><p id=\"sp0015\">The dissolved proportion of the total bioavailable load was dependent on the element but steadily decreased for all metals, from near 100% in Spring Creek to values (for some elements) of less than 1% at Bend Bridge; failure to account for the suspended sediment load in assessments of the effect of metals transport in the Sacramento River can result in estimates which are low by as much as a factor of 100.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.12.025","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Antweiler, R.C., Taylor, H.E., and Alpers, C.N., 2012, Distribution and geochemistry of selected trace elements in the Sacramento River near Keswick Reservoir: Chemical Geology, v. 298-299, p. 70-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.12.025.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214792,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.12.025"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.20068359374999,\n              40.317231732315236\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.72302246093749,\n              40.317231732315236\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.72302246093749,\n              41.47566020027821\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.20068359374999,\n              41.47566020027821\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.20068359374999,\n              40.317231732315236\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"298-299","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a028de4b0c8380cd500ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}