Although most wildlife professionals agree that science should inform wildlife management decisions, disconnect still exists between researchers and managers. If researchers are not striving to incorporate their findings into management decisions, support for research programs by managers can wane. If managers are not using research findings to inform management decisions, those decisions may be less effective or more vulnerable to legal challenges. Both of these situations can have negative consequences for wildlife conservation. We outline a collaborative research‐management approach to bridging the gap between wildlife managers and researchers. We describe differences in perspectives, perceptions, and priorities between managers and researchers; outline how and why the divide between researchers and managers has likely occurred and continues to grow; and present specific strategies and recommendations to foster stronger collaborations between managers and researchers. We advocate increased synergy between managers and researchers based on a shared vision of conservation and a collaborative structure that rewards researchers and managers. Most importantly, we suggest that relationships and communication between managers and researchers must be established early in research development and decision‐making processes, fostering the trust needed for collaboration. Institutions and agencies can facilitate these relationships by creating opportunities and incentives for integrating collaborative research into management decisions. We suggest this approach will strengthen ties between researchers and managers, increase relevance of research to management decisions, promote effectiveness of management decisions, reduce legal challenges, and ultimately produce positive, tangible, and lasting effects on wildlife conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21759","usgsCitation":"Merkle, J., Anderson, N.J., Baxley, D., Chopp, M., Gigliotti, L., Gude, J., Harms, T.M., Johnson, H.E., Merrill, E.H., Mitchell, M.S., Mong, T.W., Nelson, J., Norton, A.S., Sheriff, M.J., Tomasik, E., and VanBeek, K.R., 2019, A collaborative approach to bridging the gap between wildlife managers and researchers: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 83, no. 8, p. 1644-1651, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21759.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1644","endPage":"1651","ipdsId":"IP-096490","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merkle, Jerod","contributorId":172972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merkle","given":"Jerod","affiliations":[{"id":35288,"text":"Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Neil J.","contributorId":243060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":48627,"text":"mtfwp","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baxley, Danna L.","contributorId":243061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baxley","given":"Danna L.","affiliations":[{"id":33811,"text":"TNC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chopp, Matthew","contributorId":243062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chopp","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48628,"text":"flfwc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gigliotti, Laura C. 0000-0002-6390-4133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6390-4133","contributorId":200327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gigliotti","given":"Laura C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gude, Justin A.","contributorId":210094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gude","given":"Justin A.","affiliations":[{"id":38066,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Harms, Tyler M.","contributorId":243069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harms","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":48632,"text":"iadnr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, Heather E. 0000-0001-5392-7676 hejohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5392-7676","contributorId":205919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Heather","email":"hejohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Merrill, Evelyn H.","contributorId":243063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merrill","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48629,"text":"u alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mong, Tony W.","contributorId":243064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mong","given":"Tony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":48630,"text":"wy gF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nelson, Jerry","contributorId":243065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jerry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48631,"text":"WA fwd","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Norton, Andrew S.","contributorId":171631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norton","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sheriff, Michael J.","contributorId":243066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheriff","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24698,"text":"PSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Tomasik, Eric","contributorId":243067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomasik","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7134,"text":"USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"VanBeek, Kelly R.","contributorId":243068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VanBeek","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37461,"text":"fws","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70205704,"text":"70205704 - 2019 - The importance of turtle populations to wetland restoration in the upper Mississippi embayment of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T09:52:11","indexId":"70205704","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-26T12:41:21","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of turtle populations to wetland restoration in the upper Mississippi embayment of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"The Upper Mississippi Embayment (UME) ecoregion covers approximately 141,895 km2 and historically supported 9,712,455 ha of bottomland deciduous forests, swamps, bayous, and rivers. Only about 500 ha (< 0.01%) of pre-settlement bottomland hardwood forest habitat in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) in the UME remained by the 1940s because the timber was clearcut and the wetlands drained for agriculture. By 1983 only a few scattered cypress-tupelo swamps remained. We studied the freshwater turtle community in Allred Lake, Missouri, a rare remnant of this ecosystem and compared these results to those from two other study sites in the MAV, Big Oak Tree State Park (BOTSP), Missouri, and Coldwater River National Wildlife Refuge (CRNWR), Mississippi. Species richness included six species commonly found throughout the MAV. One species (Red-eared Slider, Trachemys scripta elegans) dominated density and biomass in all three assemblages. The occurrence of the six species we studied in man-made restored wetlands such as those in BOTSP and CRNWR indicate these turtles would adapt to restored wetlands in the MAV in southeastern Missouri and elsewhere in the ecosystem. We provide information on habitat features that could be included in restoration design and construction that would benefit turtles. Given the ongoing worldwide decline of turtles, consideration of turtle ecology and behavior in wetland restoration projects in the MAV may be warranted.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11273-019-09686-z","usgsCitation":"Nickerson, M.A., Mitchell, J.C., and Glorioso, B., 2019, The importance of turtle populations to wetland restoration in the upper Mississippi embayment of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 27, no. 5-6, p. 683-692, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-019-09686-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"683","endPage":"692","ipdsId":"IP-104693","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Allred Lake, Big Oak Tree State Park, Coldwater River National Wildlife Refuge ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.571044921875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 32.10118973232094\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -89.000244140625,\n 36.677230602346214\n ],\n [\n -88.92333984375,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -89.351806640625,\n 37.17782559332976\n ],\n [\n -91.60400390625,\n 35.7286770448517\n ],\n [\n -91.42822265625,\n 35.505400093441324\n ],\n [\n -92.4169921875,\n 34.867904962568716\n ],\n [\n -92.3291015625,\n 34.50655662164561\n ],\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 34.15272698011818\n ],\n [\n -91.658935546875,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -91.702880859375,\n 33.054716488042736\n ],\n [\n -91.900634765625,\n 32.96258644191747\n ],\n [\n -92.04345703125,\n 33.04550781490999\n ],\n [\n -92.274169921875,\n 32.97180377635759\n ],\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 32.69486597787505\n ],\n [\n -92.252197265625,\n 32.32427558887655\n ],\n [\n -92.16430664062499,\n 32.05464469054932\n ],\n [\n -91.92260742187499,\n 31.83089906339438\n ],\n [\n -92.35107421874999,\n 31.456782472114313\n ],\n [\n -92.691650390625,\n 31.606609719226917\n ],\n [\n -92.83447265624999,\n 31.438037173124464\n ],\n [\n -91.12060546875,\n 29.036960648558267\n ],\n [\n -90.47241210937499,\n 29.248063243796576\n ],\n [\n -90.318603515625,\n 29.0273547804184\n ],\n [\n -89.7967529296875,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -89.3463134765625,\n 28.835049972635176\n ],\n [\n -88.9068603515625,\n 29.094577077511826\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 29.334298230315675\n ],\n [\n -89.4891357421875,\n 29.54000879252545\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 29.90732937685153\n ],\n [\n -89.5111083984375,\n 30.107117887092357\n ],\n [\n -90.450439453125,\n 29.90256760730233\n ],\n [\n -91.571044921875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"5-6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nickerson, Max A","contributorId":219361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nickerson","given":"Max","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":36469,"text":"Florida Museum of Natural History","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, Joseph C.","contributorId":205168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glorioso, Brad 0000-0002-5400-7414","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-7414","contributorId":219360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glorioso","given":"Brad","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70205601,"text":"70205601 - 2019 - Climate-driven shifts in soil temperature and moisture regimes suggest opportunities to enhance assessments of dryland resilience and resistance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-30T10:01:23","indexId":"70205601","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-26T10:50:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-driven shifts in soil temperature and moisture regimes suggest opportunities to enhance assessments of dryland resilience and resistance","docAbstract":"Assessing landscape patterns in climate vulnerability, as well as resilience and resistance to drought, disturbance, and invasive species, requires appropriate metrics of relevant environmental conditions. In dryland systems of western North America, soil temperature and moisture regimes have been widely utilized as an indicator of resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasive plant species by providing integrative indicators of long-term site aridity, which relates to ecosystem recovery potential and climatic suitability to invaders. However, the impact of climate change on these regimes, and the suitability of the indicator for estimating resistance and resilience in the context of climate change have not been assessed. Here we utilized a daily time-step, process-based, ecosystem water balance model to characterize current and future patterns in soil temperature and moisture conditions in dryland areas of western North America, and evaluate the impact of these changes on estimation of resilience and resistance. Soil temperature increases in the twenty-first century are substantial, relatively uniform geographically, and robust across climate models. Higher temperatures will expand the areas of mesic and thermic soil temperature regimes while decreasing the area of cryic and frigid temperature conditions. Projections for future precipitation are more variable both geographically and among climate models. Nevertheless, future soil moisture conditions are relatively consistent across climate models for much of the region. Projections of drier soils are expected in most of Arizona and New Mexico, as well as the central and southern U.S. Great Plains. By contrast, areas with projections of increasing soil moisture include northeastern Montana, southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, and many areas dominated by big sagebrush, particularly the Central and Northern Basin and Range and the Wyoming Basin ecoregions. In addition, many areas dominated by big sagebrush are expected to experience pronounced shifts toward cool season moisture, which will create more area with xeric moisture conditions and less area with ustic conditions. In addition to indicating widespread geographic shifts in the distribution of soil temperature and moisture regimes, our results suggest opportunities for enhancing the integration of these conditions into a quantitative framework for assessing climate change impacts on dryland ecosystem resilience and resistance that is responsive to long-term projections.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media, Inc.","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2019.00358","usgsCitation":"Bradford, J., Schlaepfer, D., Lauenroth, W.K., Palmquist, K.A., Chambers, J.C., Maestas, J.D., and Campbell, S.B., 2019, Climate-driven shifts in soil temperature and moisture regimes suggest opportunities to enhance assessments of dryland resilience and resistance: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, 358, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00358.","productDescription":"358, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107352","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459723,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00358","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PJFE82","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Historical and 21st century soil temperature and moisture data for drylands of western U.S. and Canada"},{"id":367777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Arizona, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Saskatchewan, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -129.462890625,\n 28.497660832963472\n ],\n [\n -94.74609375,\n 28.497660832963472\n ],\n [\n -94.74609375,\n 53.98193516209167\n ],\n [\n -129.462890625,\n 53.98193516209167\n ],\n [\n -129.462890625,\n 28.497660832963472\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel R.","contributorId":105189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lauenroth, William K.","contributorId":80982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lauenroth","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palmquist, Kyle A.","contributorId":169517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmquist","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":178256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maestas, Jeremy D.","contributorId":219258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maestas","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":39978,"text":"USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Redmond, OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Campbell, Steven B.","contributorId":219259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":39979,"text":"USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Portland, OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70205597,"text":"70205597 - 2019 - Comparison of physical to numerical mixing with different tracer advection schemes in estuarine environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-27T10:26:11","indexId":"70205597","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-26T09:18:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2380,"text":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of physical to numerical mixing with different tracer advection schemes in estuarine environments","docAbstract":"The numerical simulation of estuarine dynamics requires accurate prediction for the transport of tracers such as temperature and salinity. During the simulation of these processes, all numerical models introduce two kinds of tracer mixing: 1) by parameterizing the tracer eddy diffusivity through turbulence models leading to a source of physical mixing and 2) discretization of the tracer advection term that leads to numerical mixing. Both physical and numerical mixing vary with the choice of horizontal advection schemes, grid resolution, and time step. By simulating four idealized cases, this study compares physical and numerical mixing for three different tracer advection schemes. Idealized domains involving only physical and numerical mixing are used to verify the implementation of mixing terms by equating them to total tracer variance. Among the three horizontal advection schemes, the scheme that causes the least numerical mixing while maintaining a sharp front also results in larger physical mixing. Instantaneous spatial comparison of mixing components shows that physical mixing is dominant in regions of large vertical gradients while numerical mixing dominates at sharp fronts that contain large horizontal tracer gradients. In the case of estuaries, numerical mixing may dominate locally over physical mixing; however, the amount of volume integrated numerical mixing through the domain compared to integrated physical mixing remains relatively small for this particular modeling system.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/jmse7100338","usgsCitation":"Kalra, T., Li, X., Warner, J., Geyer, W.R., and Wu, H., 2019, Comparison of physical to numerical mixing with different tracer advection schemes in estuarine environments: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, v. 10, no. 7, 338, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7100338.","productDescription":"338, 23 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-093994","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459726,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7100338","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P95E8LAS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Numerical model of salinity transport and mixing in the Hudson River Estuary"},{"id":437324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P90KDWTX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Idealized COAWST model cases for studying the comparison of physical to numerical mixing with different tracer advection schemes in estuarine environments."},{"id":367765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalra, Tarandeep S. 0000-0001-5468-248X tkalra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-248X","contributorId":178820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalra","given":"Tarandeep S.","email":"tkalra@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":771876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Xiangyu","contributorId":219286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Xiangyu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geyer, W. R.","contributorId":29757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geyer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, Hui","contributorId":219287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Hui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70206807,"text":"70206807 - 2019 - Survival and recruitment dynamics of Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla at an Alaskan colony","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-22T09:02:54","indexId":"70206807","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-26T08:59:20","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and recruitment dynamics of Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla at an Alaskan colony","docAbstract":"The majority of seabirds breed colonially and exhibit considerable site fidelity over the course of their long lifespans. Initial colony selection can therefore have substantial fitness consequences; however, factors contributing to recruitment into colonies and subsequent fidelity remain unclear. We used multi-state capture-recapture models to test several hypotheses related to apparent fledgling survival, the probability of recruitment to natal colonies, and apparent post-recruitment survival in Black-legged Kittiwakes with data from individuals banded as chicks and subsequently resighted at a colony in south-central Alaska over a twenty-year period. Competitive models suggested that apparent fledgling survival declined throughout our study; this decline was likely driven by intrinsic, cohort-specific processes and was not explainable by post-fledging wind and climate conditions. Independent resightings at other colonies suggest the apparent decline may have been at least partially influenced by permanent emigration (natal dispersal) that occurred more frequently when the colony size was large. Recruitment was primarily age-dependent, with no detectable effect of early life experience or annual changes in colony size, colony productivity, climate, or average weather conditions. We estimated an average recruitment age of seven years, which is older than typically reported for Atlantic kittiwake populations, and supports a more conservative life history strategy for kittiwakes in the Pacific. Variation in apparent survival of recruits was cohort-specific and did not correlate with age or annual changes in the factors listed above. Instead, apparent survival of recruits was best explained by colony size during a cohort’s second year, suggesting a degree of negative density dependence in post-recruitment survival or fidelity. This information could prove useful to managers deciding how to allocate resources among small, growing colonies and large, well-established colonies.","language":"English","publisher":"Marine Ornithology ","usgsCitation":"Loftin, C., McKnight, A., Blomberg, E.J., Irons, D.B., and McKinney, S.T., 2019, Survival and recruitment dynamics of Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla at an Alaskan colony: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 47, p. 209-222.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"222","ipdsId":"IP-088802","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369455,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":369454,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.marineornithology.org/content/get.cgi?rn=1319"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -139.74609375,\n 60.75915950226991\n ],\n [\n -140.625,\n 70.31873847853124\n ],\n [\n -157.67578125,\n 71.91088787611527\n ],\n [\n -166.81640625,\n 68.39918004344189\n ],\n [\n -167.16796875,\n 63.470144746565424\n ],\n [\n -164.35546875,\n 56.65622649350222\n ],\n [\n -158.73046875,\n 53.85252660044951\n ],\n [\n -147.65625,\n 60.1524422143808\n ],\n [\n -139.21874999999997,\n 58.17070248348609\n ],\n [\n -133.2421875,\n 53.12040528310657\n ],\n [\n -130.078125,\n 51.72702815704774\n ],\n [\n -130.078125,\n 55.47885346331034\n ],\n [\n -139.74609375,\n 60.75915950226991\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loftin, Cyndy 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":146427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cyndy","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, Aly","contributorId":220818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Aly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blomberg, Erik J.","contributorId":220819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blomberg","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irons, David B.","contributorId":220820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKinney, Shawn T.","contributorId":220821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinney","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":37487,"text":"formerly USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70205566,"text":"70205566 - 2019 - Clustered BSRs: Evidence for gas hydrate-bearing turbidite complexes in folded regions, example from the Perdido Fold Belt, northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-27T12:05:27","indexId":"70205566","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-26T08:41:48","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Clustered BSRs: Evidence for gas hydrate-bearing turbidite complexes in folded regions, example from the Perdido Fold Belt, northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"We describe previously undocumented but extensive gas hydrate accumulations in the mouth of Perdido Canyon in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The accumulations are located within central parts of structural domes (four-way closures) and are characterized by stacked, high-amplitude bottom simulating reflections (BSRs) that we call clustered BSRs. Seismic data from Perdido Canyon show two clustered BSRs associated with turbidite sequences within two dome folds formed from tectonic folding and salt diapir rise. The northwestern (NW) and southeastern (SE) clustered BSRs have aerial extents of ~25 km2 and 50 km2, respectively. Well log data confirm gas hydrate occurs above the NW clustered BSR, within a 225 m-thick consistently high-resistivity interval that we interpret as gas hydrate in near-vertical fractures and turbidite sands. The SE dome is only drilled at the edge of the BSR; nevertheless, the well log data indicate that a 30 m-thick gas hydrate accumulation is present. Gas chromatographic logs in both domes suggest a gradual transition from predominantly microbial gas below the BSR (500–1000 meters below seafloor (mbsf)) to thermogenic gas at 1000–2000 mbsf. Based on the well log data and seismic stratigraphic analysis, we find gas hydrate is concentrated in fractures in marine mud, as well as in the pores of submarine fan turbidities, where saturations reach as high as 75%. An estimate of the total gas hydrate-bound gas volume at standard temperature and pressure is between 0.04 and 0.17 trillion cubic meters (TCM) assuming average hydrate saturation of 5-20% in a ~45 m thick turbidite sand unit above the Perdido Canyon BSR area. Measured BSR extent and gas volume estimates indicate that the NW and SE reservoirs are among the largest gas hydrate occurrences known in the Gulf of Mexico.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115843","usgsCitation":"Portnov, A., Cook, A., Sawyer, D.E., Yang, C., Hillman, J., and Waite, W., 2019, Clustered BSRs: Evidence for gas hydrate-bearing turbidite complexes in folded regions, example from the Perdido Fold Belt, northern Gulf of Mexico: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 528, no. 15, 115843, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115843.","productDescription":"115843, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104702","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1566271","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367720,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Perdido Fold Belt","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.5693359375,\n 17.769612247142653\n ],\n [\n -89.912109375,\n 17.769612247142653\n ],\n [\n -89.912109375,\n 23.96617587126503\n ],\n [\n -98.5693359375,\n 23.96617587126503\n ],\n [\n -98.5693359375,\n 17.769612247142653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"528","issue":"15","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Portnov, Alexy","contributorId":219217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Portnov","given":"Alexy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39971,"text":"School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, Ann","contributorId":219218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":39971,"text":"School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sawyer, Derek E.","contributorId":210201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":18155,"text":"The Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yang, Chen","contributorId":219219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Chen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39971,"text":"School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hillman, Jess","contributorId":219220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hillman","given":"Jess","affiliations":[{"id":39972,"text":"GNS Science, 1 Fairway Drive, Avalon 5040, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70205574,"text":"70205574 - 2019 - Stormwater-quality performance of line permeable pavement systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T09:49:15","indexId":"70205574","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-26T08:24:12","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stormwater-quality performance of line permeable pavement systems","docAbstract":"Three permeable pavements were evaluated for their ability to improve the quality of stormwater runoff over a 22-month period in Madison, Wisconsin. Using a lined system with no internal water storage, permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA) were able to significantly remove sediment and sediment-bound pollutant loads from runoff originating from an asphalt parking lot five times larger than the receiving permeable pavement area. Reductions in total suspended solids were similar for all three surfaces at approximately 60 percent. Clogging occurred after approximately one year, primarily due to winter sand application that led to high sediment load in spring runoff. Winter road salt application resulted in high chloride load that was initially attenuated in all three permeable pavements but later released during subsequent spring runoff events. Total phosphorus load was reduced by nearly 20 percent for PICP and PA, and 43 percent for PC. These values were likely tempered by the export of dissolved phosphorus observed in PICP and PA, but not PC. Average removal efficiencies for metals were 40, 42, and 49 percent in PA, PICP, and PC, respectively. A median pH of 10.2 in PC effluent could explain elevated removal efficiency of phosphorus and select metals in PC over PICP and PA (median = 7.5 and 7.8, respectfully) through enhanced precipitation. Elevated pH values in PC may also have led to higher removal efficiencies for select metals than PICP or PA. The environmental benefits as well as potential unintended consequences of stormwater practices like permeable pavement that utilize infiltration as a form of treatment warrant consideration in management of urban runoff.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109510","usgsCitation":"Selbig, W.R., Buer, N., and Danz, M., 2019, Stormwater-quality performance of line permeable pavement systems: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 251, 109510, 13 p. , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109510.","productDescription":"109510, 13 p. ","ipdsId":"IP-108288","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IQHJ06","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Stormwater-quality data for lined permeable pavement systems in Madison, WI, from September 2016 through July 2018"},{"id":367716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","city":"Madison","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-89.0094,43.286],[-89.0084,43.2555],[-89.0094,43.2],[-89.01,43.1131],[-89.0109,43.0849],[-89.0107,43.0271],[-89.0132,42.9353],[-89.013,42.8762],[-89.0119,42.8471],[-89.132,42.8479],[-89.2488,42.8478],[-89.3689,42.8484],[-89.3688,42.8575],[-89.4832,42.858],[-89.6026,42.8575],[-89.7196,42.8587],[-89.8377,42.8598],[-89.8375,42.9471],[-89.8386,43.0317],[-89.8384,43.1181],[-89.8394,43.205],[-89.8325,43.2123],[-89.825,43.2187],[-89.8175,43.226],[-89.8125,43.2342],[-89.8088,43.2369],[-89.8012,43.2365],[-89.7874,43.2356],[-89.771,43.237],[-89.7579,43.2379],[-89.7529,43.2443],[-89.7485,43.2507],[-89.7391,43.2548],[-89.7259,43.2644],[-89.7171,43.2739],[-89.714,43.2821],[-89.7165,43.2867],[-89.7235,43.2935],[-89.7209,43.2935],[-89.6008,43.2932],[-89.4819,43.2942],[-89.3617,43.2954],[-89.3624,43.2832],[-89.246,43.2834],[-89.1271,43.2827],[-89.0094,43.286]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Dane\",\"state\":\"WI\"}}]}","volume":"251","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selbig, William R. 0000-0003-1403-8280 wrselbig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-8280","contributorId":877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selbig","given":"William","email":"wrselbig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buer, Nicolas 0000-0002-4369-8715","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4369-8715","contributorId":204808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buer","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Danz, Mari 0000-0002-4716-0170 medanz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4716-0170","contributorId":219227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danz","given":"Mari","email":"medanz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70223492,"text":"70223492 - 2019 - Effects of stream temperature and substrate type on emergence patterns of Plecoptera and Trichoptera from northeastern United States headwater streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-30T13:05:42.427738","indexId":"70223492","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-26T08:02:53","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1536,"text":"Environmental Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of stream temperature and substrate type on emergence patterns of Plecoptera and Trichoptera from northeastern United States headwater streams","docAbstract":"The timing and spatial distribution of aquatic insect emergence is linked to the abiotic and biotic environment in streams. Studies of aquatic insect emergence are needed to generate baseline data to identify potential shifts in phenology and habitat-related emergence with global change. The purpose of this study was to 1) compare the timing of Plecoptera (stonefly) species emergence between two streams with different thermal regimes and 2) characterize the distribution of emerging Plecoptera and Trichoptera (caddisflies) from wood, rock, gravel, and sand substrates in five forested, headwater streams. Emergence timing and duration varied among Plecoptera species, with Ostrocerca albidipennis (Walker) (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) emerging only in May and four species in the genus Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) collectively emerging throughout the summer (May to September). We observed earlier emergence of Amphinemura nigritta (Provancher) (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) and a longer total emergence period for Leuctra ferruginea (Walker) (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) in the stream with ~1.5°C warmer temperatures, which suggested that some insects may experience phenological shifts in streams with subtle differences in temperature. The abundance of plecopteran and trichopteran taxa emerging from wood was generally greater than for gravel or sand, and sand was the least preferred emergence substrate. The results suggest that human actions that decrease large wood and increase fine sedimentation may decrease habitat quality for many insect larvae and limit preferred emergence substrates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Entomological Society of America","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvz106","usgsCitation":"Cheney, K.N., Roy, A.H., Smith, R., and DeWalt, E.R., 2019, Effects of stream temperature and substrate type on emergence patterns of Plecoptera and Trichoptera from northeastern United States headwater streams: Environmental Entomology, v. 48, no. 6, p. 1349-1359, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz106.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1349","endPage":"1359","ipdsId":"IP-101051","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz106","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Quabbin Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.44796752929688,\n 42.271211911185354\n ],\n [\n -72.17468261718749,\n 42.271211911185354\n ],\n [\n -72.17468261718749,\n 42.53486817758702\n ],\n [\n -72.44796752929688,\n 42.53486817758702\n ],\n [\n -72.44796752929688,\n 42.271211911185354\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheney, Kristin N.","contributorId":264898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheney","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Robert F.","contributorId":264899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Robert F.","affiliations":[{"id":54577,"text":"Lycoming College Clean Water Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeWalt, Edward R.","contributorId":264900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeWalt","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":54578,"text":"University of Illinois, Prairie Research Institute, Illinois Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215290,"text":"70215290 - 2019 - Experimental study on the impact of thermal maturity on shale microstructures using hydrous pyrolysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-14T22:16:22.915818","indexId":"70215290","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-25T17:15:50","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1506,"text":"Energy & Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental study on the impact of thermal maturity on shale microstructures using hydrous pyrolysis","docAbstract":"Hydrous pyrolysis was applied to four low-maturity aliquots from the Utica, Excello, Monterey, and Niobrara Shale Formations in North America to create artificial maturation sequences, which could be used to study the impact of maturation on geochemical and microstructural properties. Modified Rock-Eval pyrolysis, reflectance, organic petrology, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyze their geochemical properties, while gas adsorption (CO2 and N2) was used to characterize their pore structures (pores < 200 nm). Organic petrography using white and blue light (fluorescence) before and after hydrous pyrolysis showed that amorphous organic matter cracked into solid bitumen, oil, and gas during hydrous pyrolysis. A reduction of the CH2/CH3 ratio in hydrous pyrolysis residues was observed from FTIR analysis. Rock-Eval pyrolysis showed that kerogens in the four samples were dissimilar, and hydrous pyrolysis residues showed smaller hydrogen index and Sh2 values than starting materials. Results from CO2 and N2 gas adsorption analysis showed that pore structures (micropore volume, micropore surface area, meso-macropore volume, and meso-macropore surface area) changed significantly during hydrous pyrolysis. However, changes in pore structure were dissimilar among the four samples, which was attributed to different activation energies of organic matter. A thermodynamic fractal model showed a decrease in fractal dimensions of Utica, Monterey, and Excello after hydrous pyrolysis, indicating a decrease in surface roughness. The pore size heterogeneity in the Utica sample increased as hydrous pyrolysis temperature increased, whereas the pore size heterogeneity distributions in the Monterey and Excello decreased based on the N2 adsorption data.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b02389","usgsCitation":"Liu, K., Ostadhassan, M., Hackley, P.C., Gentzis, T., Zou, J., Yuan, Y., Carvajal-Ortiz, H., Rezaee, R., and Bubach, B., 2019, Experimental study on the impact of thermal maturity on shale microstructures using hydrous pyrolysis: Energy & Fuels, v. 33, no. 10, p. 9702-9719, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b02389.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"9702","endPage":"9719","ipdsId":"IP-103911","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379391,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Kouqi","contributorId":243145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Kouqi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17628,"text":"University of North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostadhassan, M.","contributorId":243146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostadhassan","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17628,"text":"University of North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gentzis, T.","contributorId":243147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gentzis","given":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":39779,"text":"Core Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zou, J.","contributorId":243148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zou","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":48648,"text":"Department of Petroleum Engineering, Curtin University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yuan, Y.","contributorId":243149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yuan","given":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":48648,"text":"Department of Petroleum Engineering, Curtin University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carvajal-Ortiz, H.","contributorId":243150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carvajal-Ortiz","given":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":39779,"text":"Core Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rezaee, R.","contributorId":243151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rezaee","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48648,"text":"Department of Petroleum Engineering, Curtin University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bubach, B.","contributorId":243152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bubach","given":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17628,"text":"University of North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70205500,"text":"sim3438 - 2019 - Map of the approximate inland extent of saltwater at the base of the Biscayne aquifer in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-26T08:02:35","indexId":"sim3438","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-25T14:58:55","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3438","displayTitle":"Map of the Approximate Inland Extent of Saltwater at the Base of the Biscayne Aquifer in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018","title":"Map of the approximate inland extent of saltwater at the base of the Biscayne aquifer in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018","docAbstract":"The inland extent of saltwater at the base of the Biscayne aquifer in eastern Miami-Dade County, Florida, was mapped in 2011, and it was mapped in the Model Land Area in 2016. The saltwater interface has continued to move inland in some areas and is now near several active well fields. An updated approximation of the inland extent of saltwater has been created by using data collected during March 8–December 13, 2018, from 111 monitoring wells open to the Biscayne aquifer near its base. Chloride concentrations in water samples from the monitoring wells and bulk conductivity from geophysical logs and measurements of the specific conductance of groundwater were used to approximate the position of the isochlor representing a chloride concentration of 1,000 milligrams per liter (mg/L) at the base of the Biscayne aquifer.
An average rate of saltwater interface movement of about 102 meters per year in the Model Land Area along SW 360 Street was estimated from the approximated dates of arrival of the 250-, 500-, and 1,000-mg/L isochlors at wells TPGW-7L (2013–2014) and ACI-MW-05-FS (2017–2018). This estimate assumes that the interface is traveling in a path parallel to an imaginary line connecting the two monitoring wells.
Of the 111 wells from which data were used, 80 wells have open intervals of ≤ 4 meters, 20 of the wells have open intervals that range from 4.3 to 39.6 meters, and the lengths of the open intervals could not be determined in 11 wells. Studies have shown that long open intervals might allow water from various depths to mix under ambient or pumped conditions, which in turn could alter the maximum chloride concentration sampled in the well, or it might change the depth at which the maximum specific conductance is measured within a well, relative to its depth in the aquifer. The approximation of the inland extent of the saltwater interface and the estimated rate of movement of the interface are dependent on the quality of existing data. Improved estimates could be obtained by installing uniformly designed monitoring wells in systematic transects extending landward of the advancing saltwater interface. To achieve this goal, Miami-Dade County and some other organizations are routinely adding new monitoring wells with short open intervals and replacing poorly designed or positioned monitoring wells to improve spatial coverage of the network.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3438","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Miami-Dade County","usgsCitation":"Prinos, S.T., 2019, Map of the approximate inland extent of saltwater at the base of the Biscayne aquifer in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3438, 10-p. pamphlet, 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3438.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vii, 10 p.; 1 Plate: 35.8 x 46.0 inches; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-107371","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367675,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3438/sim3438.pdf","text":"Sheet","size":"898 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3438"},{"id":367674,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3438/coverthb3.jpg"},{"id":367676,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3438/sim3438_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"857 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3438 Pamphlet"},{"id":367677,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZIC1O4","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Data Pertaining to Mapping the Approximate Inland Extent of Saltwater at the Base of the Biscayne Aquifer in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Miami-Dade County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.8538818359375,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -79.9969482421875,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -79.9969482421875,\n 26.892679095908164\n ],\n [\n -80.8538818359375,\n 26.892679095908164\n ],\n [\n -80.8538818359375,\n 25.095548539604252\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
The U.S. Geological Survey publishes information on the mass, or load, of water-quality constituents transported through rivers and streams sampled as part of the operation of the National Water Quality Network (NWQN). This study evaluates methods for computing annual water-quality loads, specifically with respect to procedures currently (2019) used at sites in the NWQN. Near-daily datasets of chloride, total nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite, total phosphorus, and suspended sediment were subset to determine the accuracy of various load-estimation methods, including linear interpolation, ratio estimators, and linear and weighted-regression methods. Water-quality loads are computed under different sampling strategies and at multiple sampling sites to provide a more complete evaluation of load-estimation methods.
Estimation methods were less accurate when computing loads at annual rather than decadal time steps. Depending on the water-quality constituent, annual loads were within comparable accuracy thresholds 21 to 64 percent of the time relative to decadal loads. The accuracy of annual load estimates varied among water-quality constituents, sampling strategies, sampling sites, and estimation methods. Methods were most accurate when estimating chloride and decreased in accuracy when estimating total nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite, total phosphorus, and suspended-sediment loads. Estimation methods were most likely to compute accurate annual loads when samples were collected frequently (26 samples per year) and when sampling strategies targeted high-flow conditions. For a given water-quality constituent, estimation accuracy differed substantially among sampling sites; estimates were more likely to be accurate at large rivers with less variability in concentration and (or) discharge conditions and were less likely to be accurate at smaller stream sites with more variable streamflow and (or) water-quality concentrations.
The Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season method with Kalman filtering (WRTDS_K) generally produced the most accurate annual load estimates among sampling sites and water-quality constituents. Although WRTDS_K was the most accurate generally, every estimation method evaluated had the potential to produce accurate (and inaccurate) load estimates depending on the site, constituent, and water year. Linear interpolation and ratio estimators that used samples exclusively from the year being estimated were among the best performing methods for total nitrogen and nitrate plus nitrite loads but were among the least accurate when estimating annual total phosphorus and suspended-sediment loads. Ratio estimation that considered samples from previous years and stratified based on streamflow conditions produced among the most accurate total phosphorus estimates but was among the least accurate for other constituents. Regression-based methods that assumed linear or quadratic relations among the logarithm of water-quality concentrations and streamflow conditions were among the least accurate methods generally, whereas regression-based methods that considered cubic relations among the logarithm of concentration and streamflow and the Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) method were typically more accurate. Methods that adjusted daily estimates computed from regression or weighted-regression methods based on departures from sampled values, such as WRTDS_K and the composite method, improved estimate accuracy for most sites and constituents, but especially for chloride, total nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite, and suspended-sediment estimates.
Investigation of the underlying causes of estimation method bias indicated that sites and years with more variability in concentration and loading conditions, higher slopes in the relation of the logarithm of concentration and discharge, and sampling plans that underrepresented high-flow conditions generally led to less accurate load estimates. Finally, because all methods indicated the capacity to produce biased load estimates, additional work is needed to identify the capacity of new technologies, such as continuous water-quality sensors, to improve the accuracy of annual or shorter term load estimates. Based on findings in this report, the NWQN will continue to publish water-quality loads using LOADEST-based methods that consider multiple transformations of streamflow, as well as season, time, and variables indicative of historical streamflow conditions to maintain consistent methods for stakeholders. However, the NWQN also plans to begin publishing annual load estimates using the WRTDS_K method in 2020 because this method was determined to be the most accurate for a given site, constituent, and water year.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195084","usgsCitation":"Lee, C.J., Hirsch, R.M., and Crawford, C.G., 2019, An evaluation of methods for computing annual water-quality loads: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5084, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195084.","productDescription":"Report: x, 59 p.; Appendix Figures 3–7; Data Release","startPage":"1-84","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-103673","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367653,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BK91LN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Supplementary data used to evaluate methods for computing annual water-quality loads, 1948–2016"},{"id":367650,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5084/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":367651,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5084/sir20195084.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.93 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019–5084"},{"id":367652,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5084/downloads","text":"Appendix figures 3–7","description":"SIR 2019–5084 Appendix Figures 3–7"}],"contact":"Chief, National Water-Quality Assessment Program
U.S. Geological Survey
413 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Attempts to assess behavioral responses of prey to predation risk are often confounded by depredation of prey. Moreover, the scale at which the response of prey is assessed has important implications for discovering how predation risk alters prey behavior. Herein, we assessed space use of wild Ring-necked Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) in response to spatial and temporal variation in recreational hunting. We radio-marked pheasants and monitored space use at two spatial scales: short-term seasonal home range, and nightly resting locations. Additionally, we considered temporal variation in predation risk by monitoring space use prior to and during the pheasant hunting season. Although we found no change in nightly resting location, pheasants subjected to predation risk expanded their home range and shifted home range location even when invulnerable to predation. Home range formation was plastic, with home ranges expanding and contracting as risk fluctuated before and during the hunting season. Depredation reduced the measured response within the population, obscuring the potential importance of perceived predation risk in shaping prey communities, particularly when not measured at the appropriate scale. By assessing space use of a wild prey population at multiple scales, considering spatial and temporal variation in predation risk, we show that not only does predation risk affect space use, but that the effects at the population level may be challenging to assess when not measured at the appropriate ecological scale because of the direct effects of differential mortality on the same behaviors.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0222272","usgsCitation":"Messinger, L.N., Stuber, E.S., Chizinski, C.J., and Fontaine, J.J., 2019, Mortality, perception, and scale: Understanding how predation shapes space use in a wild prey population: PLoS ONE, v. 14, no. 9, e0222272, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222272.","productDescription":"e0222272, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-078314","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222272","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":394972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Hayes County, Hitchcock County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.326904296875,\n 40.000267972646796\n ],\n [\n -100.7501220703125,\n 40.000267972646796\n ],\n [\n -100.7501220703125,\n 40.77638178482896\n ],\n [\n -101.326904296875,\n 40.77638178482896\n ],\n [\n -101.326904296875,\n 40.000267972646796\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Messinger, L. N.","contributorId":272250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Messinger","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stuber, E. S.","contributorId":272251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stuber","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chizinski, C. J.","contributorId":243358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fontaine, Joseph J. 0000-0002-7639-9156 jfontaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-9156","contributorId":3820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Joseph","email":"jfontaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205578,"text":"70205578 - 2019 - Designing multi-scale hierarchical monitoring frameworks for wildlife to support management: A sage-grouse case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-27T12:07:48","indexId":"70205578","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-25T08:20:18","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Designing multi-scale hierarchical monitoring frameworks for wildlife to support management: A sage-grouse case study","docAbstract":"Population monitoring is integral to the conservation and management of wildlife; yet, analyses of population demographic data rarely consider processes occurring across spatial scales, potentially limiting the effectiveness of adaptive management. Therefore, we developed a method to identify hierarchical levels of organization (i.e., populations) to define multiple spatial scales, specifically intended to help guide appropriate conservation and management actions. This approach can support mobile species with high site fidelity where surveys occur on birthing/breeding grounds or migratory stopovers. Our approach used a graphbased clustering algorithm (Spatial K’luster Analysis by Tree Edge Removal) that explicitly included habitat selection information at multiple scales and further refined with constraint-based rules. We applied these concepts to greater sage-grouse leks (breeding grounds), a species of conservation concern, in two different ecological contexts (Nevada and Wyoming, USA). The constraint-based rules accounted for inter-lek movement distances based on literature and field studies in Nevada from 2012 to 2016, included methods to support a spatially balanced monitoring design, and identified barriers to movements among leks based on resistance surfaces. We evaluated the performance of our hierarchical clusters in Nevada using independent data from radio-marked sage-grouse, and we found the finest-scaled cluster level captured ~90% of sagegrouse movements and mid-level scales captured ~97–99% of movements. We expected comparable performance for Wyoming, where we lacked radio-marked sage-grouse for an evaluation, because genetic studies estimate similar dispersal distances to our ~15 km inter-lek movement distance in Nevada. For sage-grouse and other mobile species with high site fidelity, our approach to defining these frameworks could prove valuable for conservation and management applications, such as improving estimation of scale-dependent population trends and guiding the prescription of management actions at spatial scales that align with identified threats. Specific to sage-grouse, our analysis sets the stage for designing a monitoring framework that relies on comparison of short- and long-term population trends across our defined spatial scales and identifies and disentangles factors driving local (e.g., habitat quality) and regional (e.g., climate) population changes, thereby supporting scale-dependent management and research needs for adaptive management practices.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2872","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, M.S., Edmunds, D.R., Aldridge, C.L., Heinrichs, J.A., Coates, P.S., Prochazka, B.G., and Hanser, S.E., 2019, Designing multi-scale hierarchical monitoring frameworks for wildlife to support management: A sage-grouse case study: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 9, e02872, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2872.","productDescription":"e02872, 34 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099532","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459739,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2872","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P928QJZP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"popcluster: Developing Hierarchical Population Monitoring Frameworks for mobile species with high site fidelity"},{"id":437327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9J0B7JR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hierarchically nested and biologically relevant monitoring frameworks for Greater Sage-grouse, 2019, Nevada and Wyoming, Interim"},{"id":367715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-114.042145,40.999926],[-114.043176,40.771675],[-114.043831,40.758666],[-114.043505,40.726292],[-114.045281,40.506586],[-114.045577,40.495801],[-114.045218,40.430282],[-114.045826,40.424823],[-114.046178,40.398313],[-114.046153,40.231971],[-114.046741,40.104231],[-114.046386,40.097896],[-114.046835,40.030131],[-114.046555,39.996899],[-114.047134,39.906037],[-114.047214,39.821024],[-114.047783,39.79416],[-114.047273,39.759413],[-114.047728,39.542742],[-114.047079,39.499943],[-114.049104,39.005509],[-114.048054,38.878693],[-114.048521,38.876197],[-114.049465,38.874949],[-114.049168,38.749951],[-114.049749,38.72921],[-114.050154,38.57292],[-114.049834,38.543784],[-114.050485,38.499955],[-114.049417,38.2647],[-114.050138,38.24996],[-114.049903,38.148601],[-114.050423,37.999961],[-114.049658,37.881368],[-114.049928,37.852508],[-114.049677,37.823645],[-114.048473,37.809861],[-114.049919,37.765586],[-114.051109,37.756276],[-114.051785,37.746249],[-114.052472,37.604776],[-114.052962,37.592783],[-114.052448,37.43144],[-114.051765,37.418083],[-114.051974,37.283848],[-114.051405,37.233854],[-114.051673,37.172368],[-114.052179,37.14711],[-114.051867,37.134292],[-114.052827,37.103961],[-114.051749,37.088434],[-114.049995,36.957769],[-114.050619,36.843141],[-114.050562,36.656259],[-114.050167,36.624978],[-114.04966,36.621113],[-114.048476,36.49998],[-114.046488,36.473449],[-114.045829,36.442973],[-114.045806,36.391071],[-114.047584,36.325573],[-114.046935,36.315449],[-114.048515,36.289598],[-114.048226,36.268874],[-114.046743,36.245246],[-114.046838,36.194069],[-114.060302,36.189363],[-114.068027,36.180663],[-114.088954,36.144381],[-114.09987,36.121654],[-114.103222,36.120176],[-114.111011,36.119875],[-114.120862,36.114596],[-114.123144,36.111576],[-114.123975,36.106515],[-114.123221,36.104746],[-114.117459,36.100893],[-114.114165,36.096982],[-114.114531,36.095217],[-114.136896,36.059467],[-114.138203,36.053161],[-114.137188,36.046785],[-114.138202,36.041284],[-114.148191,36.028013],[-114.151725,36.024563],[-114.15413,36.023862],[-114.166465,36.027738],[-114.176824,36.027651],[-114.19238,36.020993],[-114.21369,36.015613],[-114.233289,36.014289],[-114.238799,36.014561],[-114.252651,36.020193],[-114.263146,36.025937],[-114.266721,36.029238],[-114.270645,36.03572],[-114.280202,36.046362],[-114.314028,36.058165],[-114.315557,36.059494],[-114.316109,36.063109],[-114.314206,36.066619],[-114.307879,36.071291],[-114.305738,36.074882],[-114.30843,36.082443],[-114.328777,36.105501],[-114.337273,36.10802],[-114.363109,36.130246],[-114.372106,36.143114],[-114.405475,36.147371],[-114.412373,36.147254],[-114.41695,36.145761],[-114.427169,36.136305],[-114.446605,36.12597],[-114.448654,36.12641],[-114.453325,36.130726],[-114.458369,36.138586],[-114.463637,36.139695],[-114.470152,36.138801],[-114.487034,36.129396],[-114.49612,36.12785],[-114.502172,36.128796],[-114.504442,36.129741],[-114.505766,36.131444],[-114.506144,36.134659],[-114.505387,36.137496],[-114.504631,36.145629],[-114.506711,36.148277],[-114.511721,36.150956],[-114.545789,36.152248],[-114.572031,36.15161],[-114.597212,36.142103],[-114.608264,36.133949],[-114.616694,36.130101],[-114.621883,36.13213],[-114.627855,36.141012],[-114.631716,36.142306],[-114.65995,36.124145],[-114.66289,36.119932],[-114.666538,36.117343],[-114.709771,36.107742],[-114.717293,36.107686],[-114.736165,36.104367],[-114.747079,36.097005],[-114.753638,36.090705],[-114.755618,36.087166],[-114.755491,36.081601],[-114.754099,36.07944],[-114.743342,36.070535],[-114.736253,36.05847],[-114.736738,36.054349],[-114.740375,36.049258],[-114.740617,36.041015],[-114.739405,36.037863],[-114.734314,36.035681],[-114.730435,36.031317],[-114.729707,36.028166],[-114.731162,36.021862],[-114.740522,36.013336],[-114.742779,36.009963],[-114.743243,36.00653],[-114.743756,35.985095],[-114.740595,35.975656],[-114.729941,35.962183],[-114.728318,35.95629],[-114.731159,35.943916],[-114.729356,35.941413],[-114.715692,35.934709],[-114.707526,35.92806],[-114.708516,35.912313],[-114.700271,35.901772],[-114.68112,35.885364],[-114.679039,35.880046],[-114.67742,35.874728],[-114.679501,35.868023],[-114.68201,35.863284],[-114.697767,35.854844],[-114.699848,35.84837],[-114.699848,35.843283],[-114.69641,35.833784],[-114.69571,35.830601],[-114.70371,35.814585],[-114.70991,35.810185],[-114.71211,35.806185],[-114.69891,35.790185],[-114.701409,35.769086],[-114.695709,35.755986],[-114.697309,35.733686],[-114.705309,35.711587],[-114.705409,35.708287],[-114.701208,35.701187],[-114.694108,35.695187],[-114.683208,35.689387],[-114.680607,35.685488],[-114.682207,35.678188],[-114.690008,35.664688],[-114.689407,35.651412],[-114.677107,35.641489],[-114.658206,35.619089],[-114.653406,35.610789],[-114.654306,35.59759],[-114.659606,35.58749],[-114.665649,35.580428],[-114.666184,35.577576],[-114.663005,35.56369],[-114.662005,35.545491],[-114.660205,35.539291],[-114.657405,35.536391],[-114.656905,35.534391],[-114.658005,35.530491],[-114.663105,35.524491],[-114.673805,35.517891],[-114.677205,35.513491],[-114.679205,35.499992],[-114.677643,35.489742],[-114.672901,35.481708],[-114.666377,35.466856],[-114.6645,35.449497],[-114.662125,35.444241],[-114.652005,35.429165],[-114.627137,35.409504],[-114.611435,35.369056],[-114.604314,35.353584],[-114.595931,35.325234],[-114.597503,35.296954],[-114.587129,35.262376],[-114.583111,35.23809],[-114.583559,35.22993],[-114.579963,35.20964],[-114.574835,35.205898],[-114.572119,35.200591],[-114.569238,35.18348],[-114.569569,35.163053],[-114.572747,35.138725],[-114.578524,35.12875],[-114.58774,35.123729],[-114.59912,35.12105],[-114.619905,35.121632],[-114.629934,35.118272],[-114.644352,35.105904],[-114.646759,35.101872],[-114.642831,35.096503],[-114.622517,35.088703],[-114.613132,35.083097],[-114.604736,35.07483],[-114.602908,35.068588],[-114.603619,35.064226],[-114.606694,35.058941],[-114.627124,35.044721],[-114.632429,35.037586],[-114.636893,35.028367],[-114.638023,35.020556],[-114.636674,35.008807],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.925381,35.237039],[-114.942216,35.249994],[-115.043812,35.332012],[-115.098018,35.37499],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-115.125816,35.39694],[-115.145813,35.413182],[-115.146788,35.413662],[-115.160599,35.424313],[-115.271342,35.51266],[-115.406079,35.618613],[-115.412908,35.624981],[-115.500832,35.693382],[-115.625838,35.792013],[-115.627386,35.793846],[-115.647683,35.809358],[-115.669005,35.826515],[-115.750844,35.889287],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.892975,35.999967],[-116.093601,36.155805],[-116.097216,36.158346],[-116.250869,36.276979],[-116.375875,36.372562],[-116.38034,36.374955],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-116.500882,36.468223],[-116.541983,36.499952],[-117.000895,36.847694],[-117.066728,36.896354],[-117.131975,36.945777],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-117.266046,37.04491],[-117.375905,37.126843],[-117.500117,37.22038],[-117.500909,37.220282],[-117.540885,37.249931],[-117.581418,37.278936],[-117.68061,37.353399],[-117.712358,37.374931],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.904625,37.515836],[-117.975776,37.569293],[-118.039849,37.615245],[-118.052189,37.62493],[-118.500958,37.949019],[-118.571958,37.99993],[-118.62159,38.034389],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-118.746598,38.124926],[-118.771867,38.141871],[-118.859087,38.204808],[-118.922518,38.249919],[-118.949673,38.26894],[-119.000975,38.303675],[-119.030078,38.325181],[-119.082358,38.361267],[-119.097161,38.372853],[-119.234966,38.468997],[-119.250988,38.48078],[-119.279262,38.499914],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-119.370117,38.563281],[-119.375994,38.566793],[-119.450623,38.619965],[-119.904315,38.933324],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-120.005746,39.22521],[-120.005142,39.291258],[-120.005413,39.313848],[-120.00471,39.330488],[-120.00443,39.374908],[-120.00174,39.538852],[-120.001319,39.722416],[-119.999733,39.851406],[-119.997634,39.956505],[-119.997124,40.126363],[-119.996183,40.262461],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-119.997533,40.720992],[-119.998479,40.749899],[-119.999358,40.873101],[-119.999866,41.183974],[-119.999471,41.499894],[-119.99828,41.618765],[-119.998855,41.624893],[-119.998287,41.749892],[-119.999276,41.874891],[-119.999168,41.99454],[-119.986678,41.995842],[-119.876054,41.997199],[-119.872929,41.997641],[-119.848907,41.997281],[-119.790087,41.997544],[-119.72573,41.996296],[-119.444598,41.995478],[-119.360177,41.994384],[-119.251033,41.993843],[-119.231876,41.994212],[-119.20828,41.993177],[-119.001022,41.993793],[-118.795612,41.992394],[-118.775869,41.992692],[-118.696409,41.991794],[-118.601806,41.993895],[-118.501002,41.995446],[-117.873467,41.998335],[-117.625973,41.998102],[-117.623731,41.998467],[-117.443062,41.999659],[-117.403613,41.99929],[-117.217551,41.999887],[-117.197798,42.00038],[-117.068613,42.000035],[-117.055402,41.99989],[-117.04891,41.998983],[-117.040906,41.99989],[-117.026222,42.000252],[-117.009255,41.998127],[-116.969156,41.998991],[-116.62677,41.99775],[-116.625947,41.997379],[-116.586937,41.99737],[-116.582217,41.997834],[-116.525319,41.997558],[-116.510452,41.997096],[-116.501741,41.997334],[-116.499777,41.99674],[-116.483094,41.996885],[-116.463528,41.996547],[-116.368478,41.996281],[-116.332763,41.997283],[-116.163931,41.997555],[-116.030754,41.997399],[-115.98688,41.998534],[-115.887612,41.998048],[-115.879596,41.997891],[-115.870181,41.996766],[-115.625914,41.997415],[-115.586849,41.996884],[-115.313877,41.996103],[-115.254333,41.996721],[-115.250795,41.996156],[-115.031783,41.996008],[-114.914187,41.999909],[-114.89921,41.999909],[-114.875877,42.001319],[-114.831077,42.002207],[-114.806384,42.001822],[-114.720715,41.998231],[-114.598267,41.994511],[-114.498259,41.994599],[-114.467581,41.995492],[-114.281855,41.994214],[-114.041723,41.99372],[-114.039648,41.884816],[-114.041107,41.850573],[-114.039901,41.753781],[-114.039968,41.62492],[-114.040437,41.615377],[-114.040942,41.499921],[-114.040231,41.49169],[-114.041396,41.219958],[-114.042553,41.210923],[-114.041447,41.207752],[-114.042145,40.999926]]],[[[-110.048476,40.997555],[-110.121639,40.997101],[-110.125709,40.99655],[-110.237848,40.995427],[-110.250709,40.996089],[-110.375714,40.994947],[-110.500718,40.994746],[-110.539819,40.996346],[-110.715026,40.996347],[-110.750727,40.996847],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-111.0466,41.360692],[-111.046264,41.377731],[-111.045789,41.565571],[-111.047109,42.142497],[-111.04708,42.34942],[-111.046801,42.504946],[-111.046017,42.582723],[-111.043564,42.722624],[-111.044135,42.874924],[-111.043924,42.975063],[-111.044206,43.022614],[-111.043997,43.041415],[-111.044168,43.189244],[-111.045706,43.659112],[-111.046421,43.722059],[-111.046715,43.815832],[-111.046515,43.908376],[-111.046917,43.974978],[-111.047349,43.999921],[-111.049077,44.020072],[-111.048452,44.114831],[-111.049119,44.124923],[-111.049695,44.353626],[-111.049148,44.374925],[-111.048974,44.474072],[-111.055208,44.624927],[-111.055511,44.725343],[-111.056416,44.749928],[-111.056888,44.866658],[-111.055629,44.933578],[-111.056207,44.935901],[-111.055199,45.001321],[-110.785008,45.002952],[-110.761554,44.999934],[-110.750767,44.997948],[-110.705272,44.992324],[-110.552433,44.992237],[-110.547165,44.992459],[-110.48807,44.992361],[-110.402927,44.99381],[-110.362698,45.000593],[-110.342131,44.999053],[-110.324441,44.999156],[-110.28677,44.99685],[-110.199503,44.996188],[-110.110103,45.003905],[-110.026347,45.003665],[-109.99505,45.003174],[-109.875735,45.003275],[-109.75073,45.001605],[-109.663673,45.002536],[-109.574321,45.002631],[-109.386432,45.004887],[-109.375713,45.00461],[-109.263431,45.005345],[-109.103445,45.005904],[-109.08301,44.99961],[-108.565921,45.000578],[-108.500679,44.999691],[-108.271201,45.000251],[-108.249345,44.999458],[-108.238139,45.000206],[-108.218479,45.000541],[-108.14939,45.001062],[-108.000663,45.001223],[-107.997353,45.001565],[-107.750654,45.000778],[-107.608854,45.00086],[-107.49205,45.00148],[-107.351441,45.001407],[-107.13418,45.000109],[-107.125633,44.999388],[-107.105685,44.998734],[-107.084939,44.996599],[-107.074996,44.997004],[-107.050801,44.996424],[-106.263586,44.993788],[-105.928184,44.993647],[-105.914258,44.999986],[-105.913382,45.000941],[-105.848065,45.000396],[-105.01824,45.000437],[-104.759855,44.999066],[-104.72637,44.999518],[-104.665171,44.998618],[-104.663882,44.998869],[-104.250145,44.99822],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.055914,44.874986],[-104.056496,44.867034],[-104.055777,44.700466],[-104.055927,44.51773],[-104.055389,44.249983],[-104.054487,44.180381],[-104.05495,43.93809],[-104.055488,43.853477],[-104.054766,43.428914],[-104.054403,43.325914],[-104.054218,43.30437],[-104.053884,43.297047],[-104.052583,42.650062],[-104.053107,42.499964],[-104.052776,42.25822],[-104.052793,42.249962],[-104.053125,42.249962],[-104.052547,42.166801],[-104.053001,42.137254],[-104.0526,42.124963],[-104.052967,42.075004],[-104.052699,41.998673],[-104.053026,41.885464],[-104.052774,41.733401],[-104.052975,41.622931],[-104.05254,41.564274],[-104.052692,41.541154],[-104.05216,41.407662],[-104.052687,41.330569],[-104.052324,41.321144],[-104.052568,41.316202],[-104.052453,41.278202],[-104.053514,41.157257],[-104.053025,41.090274],[-104.053249,41.001406],[-104.214692,41.001657],[-104.467672,41.001473],[-104.497058,41.001805],[-104.675999,41.000957],[-104.829504,40.99927],[-104.855273,40.998048],[-105.254779,40.99821],[-105.730421,40.996886],[-106.061181,40.996999],[-106.217573,40.997734],[-106.321165,40.999123],[-106.386356,41.001144],[-106.439563,41.001978],[-106.857773,41.002663],[-107.000606,41.003444],[-107.241194,41.002804],[-107.367443,41.003073],[-107.625624,41.002124],[-108.046539,41.002064],[-108.181227,41.000455],[-108.250649,41.000114],[-108.500659,41.000112],[-108.526667,40.999608],[-108.631108,41.000156],[-108.884138,41.000094],[-109.173682,41.000859],[-109.231985,41.002059],[-109.250735,41.001009],[-109.500694,40.999127],[-109.534926,40.998143],[-109.676421,40.998395],[-109.855299,40.997614],[-109.97553,40.997912],[-109.999838,40.99733],[-110.006495,40.997815],[-110.048476,40.997555]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nevada\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"10","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnell, Michael S. 0000-0002-3488-003X odonnellm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-003X","contributorId":3351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Michael","email":"odonnellm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edmunds, David R. 0000-0002-5212-8271 dedmunds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5212-8271","contributorId":152210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmunds","given":"David","email":"dedmunds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":771726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heinrichs, Julie A. 0000-0001-7733-5034 jheinrichs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7733-5034","contributorId":193742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinrichs","given":"Julie","email":"jheinrichs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Prochazka, Brian G. 0000-0001-7270-5550 bprochazka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-5550","contributorId":174839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prochazka","given":"Brian","email":"bprochazka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hanser, Steve E. 0000-0002-4430-2073 shanser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-2073","contributorId":152523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steve","email":"shanser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70215124,"text":"70215124 - 2019 - Tidal variation in cohesive sediment distribution in an idealized, partially-mixed estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-08T13:21:47.764668","indexId":"70215124","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-25T08:15:14","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2380,"text":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal variation in cohesive sediment distribution in an idealized, partially-mixed estuary","docAbstract":"The use of PIT tags has rapidly proliferated since their introduction, and new mobile detection methods have been developed. However, the presence of ghost tags (i.e., PIT tags left in the system after a fish dies) creates uncertainty about the status (live or dead) of tags detected. Herein, we describe our raft-based mobile PIT tag antenna system, which was used to evaluate the movements of “seeded tags” (i.e., PIT tags that we placed in the river as ghost tag analogs) and their interactions with habitat features. We deployed 5,000 seeded tags in the San Juan River, a large sand-bed river in the southwestern USA. Total distances moved by PIT tags ranged from 0.8 to 4,124 m, but 75% of movements were less than 100 m. Flow conditions causing the smallest to largest movements were (1) base flows, (2) spring runoff flows, (3) flash flood flows, and (4) a combination of spring runoff and flash flood flows. Based on Ivlev's electivity index, tags were more likely to be detected in riffles than in runs. These findings will help to classify mobile PIT tag detections as ghost tags or live fish, a critical data gap limiting the accurate estimation of demographic rates, population status metrics, and descriptions of the habitat use of fishes.
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Nashville District, is conducting ongoing water-supply analyses of USACE reservoirs in the Cumberland River watershed to identify areas where potential water-resources issues may arise in the future. To assist the USACE in their efforts, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the USACE, collected and analyzed water-use data to estimate public-supply, self-supplied industrial, irrigation, and thermoelectric water use for 2010 and to project water demand to 2040 for the Cumberland River watershed area.
Estimates of water use for public supply were projected in 10-year increments through 2040 and were based on 2010 public water-supply data and population projections for 2020 to 2040. Additionally, estimates of consumptive use, wastewater releases, and thermoelectric power and industrial return flows were calculated. All estimates are presented for the entire watershed and for the 10 reservoir catchment areas (RCAs) within the watershed.
Estimated water withdrawals in the Cumberland River watershed during 2010 averaged 3,456.23 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) of freshwater for offstream use. Return flow was estimated to be 3,370.08 Mgal/d, or 98 percent of the water withdrawn during 2010. Total consumptive use accounts for the remaining 2 percent, or 86.2 Mgal/d. Estimates of water withdrawals by source indicate that withdrawals from surface water during 2010 accounted for more than 99 percent of the total withdrawals, or 3,437.90 Mgal/d. Total groundwater withdrawals during 2010 were 18.33 Mgal/d, or less than 1 percent of the total withdrawals.
During 2010, withdrawals by category were estimated as follows: thermoelectric power, 3,051.12 Mgal/d; public supply, 360.00 Mgal/d; industrial, 31.5 Mgal/d; and irrigation, 13.6 Mgal/d. Return flows were estimated as thermoelectric power, 3,051.06 Mgal/d, and industrial and public supply, 319.02 Mgal/d. Consumptive use was estimated as thermoelectric power, 0.06 Mgal/d; industrial and public supply, 72.5 Mgal/d; and irrigation, 13.6 Mgal/d.
By 2040, the public supply of raw and (or) finished water to meet demand for the 10 RCAs is projected to increase 48 percent to 532.51 Mgal/d. This projected increase includes an increase from 51.5 to 72.5 Mgal/d, or 41 percent, in the Barkley RCA. The combined total water demand for the Cheatham, J. Percy Priest, and Old Hickory RCAs is projected to increase from 224.08 to 359.58 Mgal/d, or 61 percent. The combined total water demand for the Center Hill, Cordell Hull, and Dale Hollow RCAs is projected to increase from 31.7 to 43.0 Mgal/d, or 36 percent. The combined total water demand for the Martins Fork, Laurel, and Wolf Creek RCAs is projected to increase from 52.8 to 57.4 Mgal/d, or 9 percent. The only RCA in the watershed with a projected decrease in water demand is Martins Fork.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185130","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Nashville District","usgsCitation":"Robinson, J.A., 2019, Estimated use of water in the Cumberland River watershed in 2010 and projections of public-supply water use to 2040: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5130, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185130.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 62 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044987","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367657,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M043KK","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Public Supply Water Use in the Cumberland River Watershed in 2010 and Projections of Public-supply Water Use to 2040"},{"id":367656,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5130/sir20185130.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018–5131"},{"id":367655,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5130/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Cumberland River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.472900390625,\n 37.23907530202184\n ],\n [\n -87.725830078125,\n 36.36822190085111\n ],\n [\n -86.50634765625,\n 35.737595151747826\n ],\n [\n -82.55126953124999,\n 36.74768773190056\n ],\n [\n -82.562255859375,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -83.60595703125,\n 36.83566824724438\n ],\n [\n -84.462890625,\n 37.57070524233116\n ],\n [\n -85.166015625,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -85.572509765625,\n 36.677230602346214\n ],\n [\n -88.472900390625,\n 37.23907530202184\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, TN 37211
Although streamflow is widely recognized as a controlling factor in stream health, empirical relations between indicators of anthropogenic modification of streamflow and ecological indicators have been elusive. The objective of this report is to build upon specific findings reported in recent publications by providing a library of empirical models that describe the relations between streamflow modification and indicators of biological integrity. Biological monitoring data from 812 streams and rivers across the United States were matched with sites where daily streamflow was also monitored by the U.S. Geological Survey. Of these sites, 118 were sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey along gradients of streamflow modification within 3 regional focus studies. The integrity of invertebrate and fish communities was expressed as a binary variable, “impaired” or “unimpaired,” signifying whether or not the composition and structure of the biological community was statistically reduced relative to regional reference sites. Streamflow modification at each gaged site was quantified with 509 streamflow statistics scaled to express the ratio of observed streamflow conditions to site-specific expected conditions in the absence of human influences on watershed hydrology. For each region, generalized additive modeling was used to examine relations between each indicator of streamflow modification and indicators of biological integrity (response variable). In every region examined, statistically defensible and ecologically realistic relations were found between indicators of streamflow modification and indicators of biological integrity. These findings can aid practitioners and managers seeking to (1) propose empirically based hypotheses about the specific components of streamflow regimes that are critical to aquatic communities, which can subsequently be explored in detail in a region or river basin of interest; and (2) predict biological responses to anthropogenic modification of specific components of the streamflow regime.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191088","usgsCitation":"Carlisle, D.M., Grantham, T.E., Eng, K., Wolock, D.M., 2019, Regional-scale associations between indicators of biological integrity and indicators of streamflow modification: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1088, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191088.\n","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-097828","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367467,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O2ZV0M","linkHelpText":"Regional-scale Model Predictions of the Relation Between Biological Integrity and Streamflow Modification"},{"id":367452,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1088/ofr20191088.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019-1088"},{"id":367451,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1088/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, USGS Kansas Water Science Center
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049
785-842-9909
Director,
Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Phosphorus (P) fertilizer has contributed to the eutrophication of freshwater ecosystems. Watershed-based conservation programs aiming to reduce external P loading to surface waters have not resulted in significant water-quality improvements. One factor that can help explain the lack of water-quality response is remobilization of accumulated legacy (historical) P within the terrestrial-aquatic continuum, which can obscure the beneficial impacts of current conservation efforts. We examined how contemporary river P trends (between 1992 and 2012) responded to estimated changes in contemporary agricultural P balances [(fertilizer + manure inputs)—crop uptake and harvest removal] for 143 watersheds in the conterminous United States, while also developing a proxy estimate of legacy P contribution, which refers to anthropogenic P inputs before 1992. We concluded that legacy sources contributed to river export in 49 watersheds because mean contemporary river P export exceeded mean contemporary agricultural P balances. For the other 94 watersheds, agricultural P balances exceeded river P export, and our proxy estimate of legacy P was inconclusive. If legacy contributions occurred in these locations, they were likely small and dwarfed by contemporary P sources. Our continental-scale P mass balance results indicated that improved incentives and strategies are needed to promote the adoption of nutrient-conserving practices and reduce widespread contemporary P surpluses. However, a P surplus reduction is only 1 component of an effective nutrient plan as we found agricultural balances decreased in 91 watersheds with no consistent water-quality improvements, and balances increased in 52 watersheds with no consistent water-quality degradation.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1903226116","usgsCitation":"Stackpoole, S.M., Stets, E.G., and Sprague, L.A., 2019, Variable impacts of contemporary versus legacy agricultural phosphorus on US river water quality: PNAS, v. 116, no. 41, p. 20562-20567, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903226116.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"20562","endPage":"20567","ipdsId":"IP-110112","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459747,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903226116","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P972DHYF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Watershed-scale agricultural phosphorus balances and river export trends for the conterminous United States, 1992-2012"},{"id":371731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"116","issue":"41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stackpoole, Sarah M. 0000-0002-5876-4922 sstackpoole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-4922","contributorId":3784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackpoole","given":"Sarah","email":"sstackpoole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stets, Edward G. 0000-0001-5375-0196 estets@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5375-0196","contributorId":194490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stets","given":"Edward","email":"estets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sprague, Lori A. 0000-0003-2832-6662 lsprague@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2832-6662","contributorId":726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprague","given":"Lori","email":"lsprague@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70205529,"text":"70205529 - 2019 - Ethical guidelines for publication of fisheries research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T20:43:19.441684","indexId":"70205529","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-23T14:34:43","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ethical guidelines for publication of fisheries research","docAbstract":"In 2000, the Governing Board of the American Fisheries Society (AFS) approved the first Guidelines for Authorship (GFA) in AFS publications, developed by the AFS Publications Overview Committee (POC) chaired by Mary Fabrizio. This version of the GFA document provided guidance for fisheries science publications for nearly two decades. The 2015 AFS President Donna Parish charged the POC to revise the document to improve the quality of AFS publications. With guidance from Mary Fabrizio and the AFS staff, the POC and chair Emmanuel Frimpong revised, updated, and clarified the GFA document. This revised fisheries research publication document provides guidance for all persons involved in the publication process including authors, reviewers, and editors. This version of the GFA document is not a guide for style or content in AFS publications, but rather provides substantial changes including clarification on what constitutes authorship versus acknowledgment and determining authorship order, including deceased authors. This version was adopted by the AFS Governing Board and is presented verbatim as it appears in the AFS Procedures Manual.
","language":"English","publisher":"AFS","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10329","usgsCitation":"Kocovsky, P., Gaunt, P.S., Peoples, B.K., and Frimpong, E.A., 2019, Ethical guidelines for publication of fisheries research: Fisheries, v. 44, no. 9, p. 445-448, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10329.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"448","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-109646","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":459750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10329","text":"External Repository"},{"id":367639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaunt, Patricia S","contributorId":219187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaunt","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peoples, Brandon K.","contributorId":177551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peoples","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frimpong, Emmanuel A","contributorId":219188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frimpong","given":"Emmanuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":25550,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205571,"text":"70205571 - 2019 - Contaminants in linked aquatic–terrestrial ecosystems: Predicting effects of aquatic pollution on adult aquatic insects and terrestrial insectivores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T09:47:31","indexId":"70205571","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-23T11:58:21","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminants in linked aquatic–terrestrial ecosystems: Predicting effects of aquatic pollution on adult aquatic insects and terrestrial insectivores","docAbstract":"Organisms that move across ecosystem boundaries connect food webs in apparently disparate locations. As part of their life cycle, aquatic insects transition from aquatic larvae to terrestrial adults, thereby linking freshwater ecosystem processes and terrestrial insectivore dynamics. These linkages are strongly affected by contamination of freshwater ecosystems, which can reduce production of adult aquatic insects (i.e., emergence), increase contaminant concentrations in adult insect tissues, and alter contaminant flux to terrestrial ecosystems. Despite the potential impact of contaminants on adult aquatic insects, little is known about predicting these effects. Here, I develop a heuristic model based on contaminant properties and ecotoxicological principles to predict the effects of various classes of aquatic contaminants on adult aquatic insects and discuss implications for terrestrial insectivores living near contaminated freshwaters. The main finding is that contaminant classes vary greatly in how their biologically-mediated effects on aquatic insects affect terrestrial insectivores. Highly bioaccumulative contaminants that are well retained during metamorphosis, like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are often non-toxic to aquatic insect larvae at concentrations commonly found in the environment. Such contaminants flux from aquatic ecosystems in large quantities in the bodies of emerging adult aquatic insects and expose terrestrial insectivores to toxic levels of pollution. On the other hand, contaminants that are less bioaccumulative, excreted during metamorphosis, and more toxic to insects, like trace metals, tend to affect terrestrial insectivores by reducing production of adult aquatic insects on which they prey. Management applications of this model illustrate type and severity of risk of aquatic contaminants to consumers of adult aquatic insects.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press Journals","doi":"10.1086/705997","usgsCitation":"Kraus, J.M., 2019, Contaminants in linked aquatic–terrestrial ecosystems: Predicting effects of aquatic pollution on adult aquatic insects and terrestrial insectivores: Freshwater Science, v. 38, no. 4, p. 919-927, https://doi.org/10.1086/705997.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"919","endPage":"927","ipdsId":"IP-101646","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraus, Johanna M. 0000-0002-9513-4129 jkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4129","contributorId":4834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Johanna","email":"jkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70205231,"text":"cir1458 - 2019 - U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-24T07:40:31","indexId":"cir1458","displayToPublicDate":"2019-09-23T10:55:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1458","displayTitle":"U.S. Geological Survey Energy and Wildlife Research Annual Report for 2019","title":"U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2019","docAbstract":"Access to affordable and reliable energy remains a critical need for people and the economy. To satisfy society’s demand for energy, the United States is expanding access to vast natural resources to produce electricity as well as petroleum and natural gas products. Development of our Nation’s energy resources, however, often conflicts directly with the equally vast fish and wildlife resources, which contribute billions of dollars to the economy through harvest, recreation, and services to humans and agriculture. The effects of energy development on living resources include fragmentation of populations, degradation or loss of habitat, and mortality of birds, bats, fish, and other wildlife interacting with energy generation facilities. Thus, an expanding energy infrastructure results in new requirements for land and ocean conversion for project siting and operational decisions to minimize risk to fish and wildlife resources. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists partner with more than 150 Federal, State, and local government agencies; Tribal nations; academic institutions; and nongovernmental organizations to deliver timely and relevant information on pressing resource management issues. This report summarizes ongoing USGS research projects and publications related to the impacts of energy development on fish and wildlife resources, tools to assess those impacts, and solutions to avoid or minimize risk. This information helps decision makers balance development with stewardship of the Nation’s fish and wildlife heritage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1458","usgsCitation":"Khalil, M., ed., 2019, U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1458, 108 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1458.","productDescription":"iv, 108 p.","numberOfPages":"116","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-110204","costCenters":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367617,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1458/cir1458.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Circular 1458"},{"id":367598,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1458/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":367600,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/gip193","text":"General Information Product 193","linkHelpText":"- U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2019 postcard"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Energy and Wildlife Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192