When an ore sample contains radioactivity other than that attributable to the uranium series in equilibrium, a quantitative analysis of the other emitters must be made in order to determine the source of this activity. Thorium-232, radon-222, and lead-210 have been determined by isolation and subsequent activity analysis of some of their short-lived daughter products. The sulfides of bismuth and polonium are precipitated out of solutions of thorium or uranium ores, and the α-particle activity of polonium-214, polonium-212, and polonium-210 is determined by scintillation-counting techniques. Polonium-214 activity is used to determine radon-222, polonium-212 activity for thorium-232, and polonium-210 for lead-210. The development of these methods of radiochemical analysis will facilitate the rapid determination of some of the major sources of natural radioactivity.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60092a014","usgsCitation":"Rosholt, J.N., 1954, Quantitative radiochemical method for determination of major sources of natural radioactivity in ores and minerals: Analytical Chemistry, v. 26, no. 8, p. 1307-1311, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60092a014.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1307","endPage":"1311","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480432,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1050305/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":219243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a922ce4b0c8380cd806e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosholt, J. N.","contributorId":11325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosholt","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011052,"text":"70011052 - 1954 - A theoretical study of alpha star populations in loaded nuclear emulsions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-27T20:52:54.664217","indexId":"70011052","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A theoretical study of alpha star populations in loaded nuclear emulsions","docAbstract":"This theoretical study of the alpha star populations in loaded emulsions was undertaken in an effort to find a quantitative method for the analysis of less than microgram amounts of thorium in the presence of larger amounts of uranium. Analytical expressions for each type of star from each of the significantly contributing members of the uranium and thorium series as well as summation formulas for the whole series have been computed. The analysis for thorium may be made by determining the abundance of five-branched stars in a loaded nuclear emulsion and comparing of observed and predicted star populations. The comparison may also be used to check the half-lives of several members of the uranium and thorium series.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(54)90051-4","usgsCitation":"Senftle, F.E., Farley, T.A., and Stieff, L.R., 1954, A theoretical study of alpha star populations in loaded nuclear emulsions: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 6, no. 4, p. 197-207, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(54)90051-4.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"207","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5fae4b0c8380cd4708f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farley, T. A.","contributorId":102576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farley","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stieff, L. R.","contributorId":25619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stieff","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217839,"text":"70217839 - 1953 - Discussion of “expansion and increase in permeability of carbonate rocks on heating”","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-05T18:13:31.516851","indexId":"70217839","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-31T12:10:32","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discussion of “expansion and increase in permeability of carbonate rocks on heating”","docAbstract":"Maxwell and Verrall's interesting study raises a thought. If limestones expand on heating and thereby receive a permanent set, as this paper demonstrates, do we not have here a means of determining the maximum temperature to which a particular limestone was ever subjected and indirectly thereby its maximum depth of burial or other geothermal events in its history?
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR034i006p00953","usgsCitation":"Kaye, C., Maxwell, J.C., and Verrall, P., 1953, Discussion of “expansion and increase in permeability of carbonate rocks on heating”: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 34, no. 6, p. 953-954, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR034i006p00953.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"953","endPage":"954","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaye, Clifford A.","contributorId":17624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaye","given":"Clifford A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maxwell, John C.","contributorId":248794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maxwell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verrall, Peter","contributorId":248795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verrall","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175971,"text":"70175971 - 1953 - Geology and ground-water resources of Cheyenne County, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-08T12:26:00","indexId":"70175971","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2579,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Cheyenne County, Kansas","language":"English","publisher":"University of Kansas","usgsCitation":"Prescott, G.C., 1953, Geology and ground-water resources of Cheyenne County, Kansas: Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin, v. 100, 106 p. .","productDescription":"106 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327448,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327447,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/geologyBulls.html"}],"volume":"100","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bd73d6e4b03fd6b7df2cc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prescott, Glenn C. Jr.","contributorId":85237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"Glenn","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160623,"text":"70160623 - 1953 - An epizootic among rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T09:15:34","indexId":"70160623","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An epizootic among rainbow trout","docAbstract":"An epizootic among rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii) in a private trout farm, resulting from a species of Ichthyosporidium that caused very high mortality rates in all ages of trout, reported from the State of Washington.
","language":"English","publisher":"Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1953)15[179:AEART]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries, 1953, An epizootic among rainbow trout: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 15, no. 4, p. 179-181, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1953)15[179:AEART]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"181","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56825d28e4b0a04ef4925af3"} ,{"id":70160622,"text":"70160622 - 1953 - Observations on gas-bubble disease of fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T09:03:16","indexId":"70160622","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations on gas-bubble disease of fish","docAbstract":"SOME DIFFICULTY has been experienced in raising fry and young fingerlings at the Puyallup hatchery of the Washington State Department of Game, a hatchery now in its fourth year of operation. There has been evidence of gas in the yolk-sac fry, and the mortality was always excessive among the fingerlings while reared in the hatchery troughs. The mortality rate decreased and evidence of gas-bubble disease disappeared when the fish mere moved to outside ponds. Also, fish seemed less susceptible to parasitic diseases when held in the ponds rather than 1m hatchery troughs. Strains of fish raised at the station were cutthroat trout (Salmo clarkii clarkii and Salmo clarkii lewisi) rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii gairdnerii), and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdnerii iriatus)
","language":"English","publisher":" Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1953)15[24:OOGDOF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":" Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries, 1953, Observations on gas-bubble disease of fish: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 15, no. 1, p. 24-26, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1953)15[24:OOGDOF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56825d29e4b0a04ef4925af7"} ,{"id":70175974,"text":"70175974 - 1953 - Trap efficiency of reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:43:07","indexId":"70175974","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trap efficiency of reservoirs","docAbstract":"Forty-four records of reservoir trap efficiency and the factors affecting trap efficiency are analyzed. The capacity-inflow (C/I) ratio is found to offer a much closer correlation with trap efficiency than the capacity-watershed (C/W) ratio heretofore widely used. It appears likely from the cases studied that accurate timing of venting or sluicing operations to intercept gravity underflows can treble or quadruple the amount of sediment discharged from a reservoir. Desilting basins, because of their shape and method of operation, may have trap efficiencies above 90 pct even with very low C/I ratios.
Semi-dry reservoirs with high C/I ratios, like John Martin Reservoir, may have trap efficiencies as low as 60 pct. Truly “dry” reservoirs, such as those in the Miami Conservancy District, probably have trap efficiencies in the 10 to 40 pct range, depending upon C/I ratio
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR034i003p00407","usgsCitation":"Brune, G.M., 1953, Trap efficiency of reservoirs: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 34, no. 3, p. 407-448, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR034i003p00407.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"407","endPage":"448","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327480,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bd73f6e4b03fd6b7df2dc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brune, Gunnar M.","contributorId":173970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brune","given":"Gunnar","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175973,"text":"70175973 - 1953 - Ground-water resources of Lyon County [Kansas]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T09:16:01","indexId":"70175973","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Ground-water resources of Lyon County [Kansas]","language":"English","publisher":"University of Kansas","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"O’Connor, H., 1953, Ground-water resources of Lyon County [Kansas], v. 12, no. 3, Report: 24 p.; HTML Document .","productDescription":"Report: 24 p.; HTML Document ","startPage":"35","endPage":"59","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327463,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/Geology/Lyon/index.html"}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bd73dde4b03fd6b7df2d10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connor, H.G.","contributorId":173877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Connor","given":"H.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175970,"text":"70175970 - 1953 - Geology and ground-water resources of Sherman County, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T09:06:40","indexId":"70175970","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2579,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Sherman County, Kansas","language":"English","publisher":"University of Kansas","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Prescott, G., 1953, Geology and ground-water resources of Sherman County, Kansas: Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin, v. 105, 130 p. .","productDescription":"130 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327442,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/geologyBulls.html"}],"volume":"105","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bd73dbe4b03fd6b7df2ce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prescott, G.C. Jr.","contributorId":103352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"G.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160620,"text":"70160620 - 1953 - A contagious disease of salmon, possibly of virus origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T18:13:45","indexId":"70160620","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A contagious disease of salmon, possibly of virus origin","docAbstract":"Production records for 1885, 1891–1908, and 1929–49, indicate cyclic fluctuations for several important species of fish. The average annual take (all species) of 3,582,000 pounds in 1929–49 was 3,503,000 pounds below the 1891–1908 mean of 7,085,000 pounds. Decline in the output of lake herring alone from 5,841,000 pounds in 1891–1908 to 1,070,000 pounds in 1929–49—a drop of 4,771,000 pounds—more than accounted for the decrease. For species other than lake herring the combined output increased from 1,244,000 pounds in 1891–1908 to 2,512,000 in 1929–49—a rise of 1,268,000 pounds. The 1929–49 fluctuations of abundance (as estimated from records of catch per unit of effort) were considerable for all principal species. In the late years of the period, lake trout were scarce as the result of sealamprey depredations, but the abundance levels of whitefish, lake herring, and walleyes were extremely high; at the same time the smelt was showing good recovery from the disastrous 1943 mortality. With certain exceptions, correlations between fluctuations of fishing intensity and the abundance of individual species were low, probably because most operations are based on several species and hence not ordinarily sensitive to changes in the abundance of a particular one. A combination of intensive fishing and high abundance of three principal species carried the production to 5% million pounds in 1947 and the modern record high of between 7% and 8 million pounds in 1948 and 1949. With this prosperity has developed a most difficult situation arising from friction between local commercial fishermen and newcomers from other areas and from the activities of sport fishermen and resort owners who believe that drastic restrictions on commercial fishing will insure a perpetual high level of abundance of walleyes. Statistics for 1950 are given in a supplement.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Rucker, R., Whipple, W., Parvin, J., and Evans, C., 1953, A contagious disease of salmon, possibly of virus origin: Fishery Bulletin, v. 54, no. 1, p. 35-46.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"46","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/spo/FishBull/54-1/rucker.pdf","text":"pdf"},{"id":352114,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/spo/FishBull/54-1/541toc.html"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56826b3ae4b0a04ef4925b1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rucker, R.R.","contributorId":104000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rucker","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whipple, W.J.","contributorId":150866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whipple","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parvin, J.R.","contributorId":150868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parvin","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, C.A.","contributorId":150869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175969,"text":"70175969 - 1953 - Geology and ground-water resources of Jackson County, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T09:04:47","indexId":"70175969","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2579,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Jackson County, Kansas","language":"English","publisher":"University of Kansas","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Walters, K., 1953, Geology and ground-water resources of Jackson County, Kansas: Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin, v. 101, 91 p. .","productDescription":"91 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327435,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/geologyBulls.html"}],"volume":"101","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bd73dae4b03fd6b7df2cd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, K.L.","contributorId":105765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159207,"text":"tei231 - 1953 - Geology, of the High Climb Pegmatite, Custer County, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-30T11:43:54","indexId":"tei231","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-12T08:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"231","title":"Geology, of the High Climb Pegmatite, Custer County, South Dakota","docAbstract":"
The High Climb pegmatite, Custer County, S. Dak., belongs to the series of pegmatitic and granitic rocks that characterize the Harney Peak region of the southern Black Hills. It intrudes pre-Cambrian metamorphic rocks consisting chiefly of quartz-mica schist. The country rock has been altered to a tourmaline-rich schist along part of the pegmatite contact.
\nThe structure of the pegmatite, in general is concordant with the westward-dipping schistosity of the country rock, but locally the pegmatite is crosscutting. The main part of the pegmatite is an irregularly shaped pipe that plunges 45° N. 40° W., parallel to the average plunge of rolls in the foot wall. A small northern extension of the pegmatite has a lenticular shape and crosscuts the schist at a low angle. Rolls in this part of the pegmatite have an average plunge of 28° N. 25° W. One large, north-trending crestal roll divides the outcrop of the northern segment of the pegmatite into two parts.
\nThe pegmatite has a well- defined internal structure consisting of five zones. A fine-grained wall zone, consisting of albite-quartz pegmatite, and a medium-grained first intermediate zone, consisting of albite-quartz-muscovite pegmatite, form incomplete concentric shells. Perthite-quartz-albite pegmatite (second intermediate zone) forms a hood-shaped unit between the outer units and the third intermediate zone along the crest and hanging-wall of the pegmatite. A concentric shell of quartz-cleavelandite pegmatite (third intermediate zone) surrounds a lenticular core of quartz pegmatite that contains altered spodumene, in addition -to the five zones, a fracture-filling unit of quartz-perthite-muscovite-albite-pegmatite and a possible sixth zone (or replacement unit?) of very fine-grained muscovite pegmatite were recognized.
\nThe essential minerals of the pegmatite include microcline-perthite, quartz, albite, and muscovite. Accessory minerals include tourmaline, beryl, amblygonite (variety, montebrasite), apatite, columbite-tantalite, loellingite, altered spodumene, numerous unidentified dark-colored phosphate minerals, a manganese-bearing carbonate, garnet, and chalcopyrite.
\nAn explanation of the origin of the pegmatite requires fractional crystallization and incomplete reaction in a restricted system. The concentric zonal structure and the general increase in grain size from the wall zone to the core suggest that the pegmatite units crystallized in order from the walls inward, without any true replacement stages.
\nIndustrial minerals that have been produced at the High Climb pegmatite are beryl, amblygonite, potash feldspar, columbite-tantalite, scrap mica, and sheet mica.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Society","doi":"10.3133/tei231","usgsCitation":"Sheridan, D.M., 1953, Geology, of the High Climb Pegmatite, Custer County, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 231, Report: 60 p.; 2 Plates: 37.19 x 23.86 inches, 29.03 x 29.81 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei231.","productDescription":"Report: 60 p.; 2 Plates: 37.19 x 23.86 inches, 29.03 x 29.81 inches","numberOfPages":"61","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":310057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei231.jpg"},{"id":310824,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/231/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":310825,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/231/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 2"},{"id":310826,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/231/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 3"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","county":"Custer County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-102.8114,43.6852],[-102.8137,43.6792],[-102.818,43.675],[-102.8167,43.6719],[-102.8152,43.6664],[-102.8282,43.6589],[-102.8352,43.6588],[-102.8436,43.665],[-102.8481,43.6649],[-102.8572,43.6557],[-102.863,43.6583],[-102.8646,43.6669],[-102.8773,43.6689],[-102.8812,43.6702],[-102.8863,43.6711],[-102.8964,43.6722],[-102.9072,43.6725],[-102.9115,43.6688],[-102.9107,43.6642],[-102.9164,43.6641],[-102.9194,43.6595],[-102.918,43.6555],[-102.9223,43.654],[-102.9241,43.6494],[-102.9246,43.6471],[-102.9214,43.6454],[-102.92,43.6422],[-102.9243,43.6385],[-102.9275,43.6375],[-102.9323,43.6315],[-102.9314,43.6252],[-102.9325,43.6201],[-102.9356,43.6178],[-102.9412,43.6163],[-102.9526,43.6143],[-102.9563,43.6138],[-102.9626,43.6123],[-102.9664,43.6136],[-102.9709,43.6158],[-102.9822,43.6115],[-102.9854,43.6128],[-102.9922,43.6104],[-103.0016,43.607],[-103.0016,43.5897],[-103.0013,43.4763],[-103.0675,43.476],[-103.1496,43.4762],[-103.4594,43.4764],[-103.484,43.4763],[-103.5017,43.4763],[-103.6311,43.4765],[-103.6551,43.4764],[-103.6936,43.4764],[-103.8627,43.4763],[-103.8741,43.4769],[-103.9315,43.4768],[-103.9537,43.4771],[-104.0539,43.4772],[-104.0541,43.4827],[-104.0542,43.5037],[-104.0546,43.5674],[-104.0546,43.5742],[-104.0546,43.6466],[-104.0547,43.6713],[-104.0548,43.7132],[-104.0549,43.7251],[-104.0549,43.7377],[-104.0547,43.757],[-104.0546,43.7669],[-104.0547,43.8012],[-104.0548,43.8509],[-104.0548,43.853],[-103.5743,43.8564],[-103.455,43.8568],[-103.4239,43.8571],[-103.3407,43.8561],[-102.9834,43.8538],[-102.9612,43.8542],[-102.8749,43.8544],[-102.7473,43.8543],[-102.7086,43.8545],[-102.6877,43.8544],[-102.6876,43.8517],[-102.6918,43.8452],[-102.6886,43.8426],[-102.6886,43.8412],[-102.6885,43.8403],[-102.6884,43.838],[-102.6902,43.8343],[-102.692,43.8311],[-102.6951,43.8283],[-102.6973,43.8187],[-102.6985,43.8137],[-102.6945,43.8101],[-102.6957,43.8083],[-102.6963,43.8069],[-102.6988,43.8041],[-102.6987,43.8014],[-102.6966,43.7969],[-102.6972,43.795],[-102.7055,43.7958],[-102.7073,43.7926],[-102.7078,43.7903],[-102.7134,43.7857],[-102.7177,43.7815],[-102.7232,43.7764],[-102.7308,43.7735],[-102.7357,43.7712],[-102.7357,43.7693],[-102.735,43.7666],[-102.7348,43.763],[-102.736,43.7611],[-102.7385,43.7588],[-102.7404,43.7583],[-102.7435,43.7574],[-102.7491,43.7532],[-102.7546,43.7481],[-102.7582,43.7425],[-102.7638,43.7397],[-102.7751,43.7363],[-102.7718,43.7323],[-102.7718,43.7296],[-102.7767,43.7254],[-102.7779,43.7231],[-102.7791,43.7208],[-102.7841,43.7207],[-102.7898,43.7206],[-102.7972,43.7132],[-102.7984,43.7118],[-102.8033,43.7058],[-102.8005,43.7008],[-102.8011,43.6985],[-102.8061,43.6953],[-102.8098,43.6929],[-102.8129,43.691],[-102.8153,43.6878],[-102.8114,43.6852]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Custer\",\"state\":\"SD\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56261471e4b0fb9a11dd762f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheridan, Douglas M.","contributorId":13966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159204,"text":"tei234 - 1953 - Occurrences of uranium-bearing minerals in the St. Kevin District, Lake County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-02T13:17:07","indexId":"tei234","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"234","title":"Occurrences of uranium-bearing minerals in the St. Kevin District, Lake County, Colorado","docAbstract":"
Two hundred and seventy-one prospect pits, mine dumps, or mine workings within the Sugar Loaf-St. Kevin mining districts and vicinity were tested for radioactivity by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1951 during six weeks of investigation on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. One hundred and twenty-two weak radioactivity anomalies were found in the St. Kevin district and vicinity, and eight slight anomalies were noted in the Sugar Loaf district, which adjoins the St. Kevin district on the south. Most of the radioactivity anomalies were found in igneous and metamorphic rocks of pre-Cambrian age, but some were found in metalliferous veins of Tertiary age. Samples of altered granite or schist contain as much as 0.065 percent uranium, probably in the form of secondary uranium minerals. Samples of vein material contain as much as 0.013 percent uranium, also probably in the form of secondary uranium minerals.
\nAt only a few localities has the identity of the uranium-bearing minerals been determined. Torbernite, associated with turquoise, malachite, and chrysocolla, occurs as disseminations and fracture coatings in altered granite at the Josie May turquoise mine; metatobernite is disseminated in granite at the Turquoise Chief mine. Commonly the limonite-stained fractures in the altered granite and schist are radioactive; metatorbernite has been identified in limonite stain at one locality. A uranium-variety of florencite, a hydrous cerium aluminum phosphate, is disseminated in the granite on the dump of a mine just west of the St. Kevin district, and autunite (?) is disseminated in fine-grained, highly silicified rock in the northeastern part of the St. Kevin district.
\nNone of the uranium occurrences are of commercial importance. They are for the most part in non-glaciated terrane, which has been subjected to a very long period of weathering. Thus, chemical leaching within the zone of weathering may have greatly reduced the uranium content of material near the surface, and occurrences of even small quantities of secondary uranium minerals might be related to stronger, primary concentrations at depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei234","usgsCitation":"Pierson, C.T., and Singewald, Q., 1953, Occurrences of uranium-bearing minerals in the St. Kevin District, Lake County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 234, Report: 39 p.; 4 Plates: 21.88 x 17.03 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei234.","productDescription":"Report: 39 p.; 4 Plates: 21.88 x 17.03 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":310056,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei234.PNG"},{"id":310920,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/234/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Figure 2"},{"id":310921,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/234/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 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C. T.","contributorId":57055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singewald, Q. D.","contributorId":79896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singewald","given":"Q. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":72198,"text":"tem434 - 1953 - Reconnaissance of the Clinton Formation in New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-23T13:03:52","indexId":"tem434","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-23T12:56:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"434","title":"Reconnaissance of the Clinton Formation in New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New Jersey","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/tem434","collaboration":"Performed for the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.","usgsCitation":"Schnabel, R.W., and Vickers, R., 1953, Reconnaissance of the Clinton Formation in New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 434, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tem434.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl;New Jersey;New York;Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.5,37.89 ], [ -80.5,45.41 ], [ -71.31,45.41 ], [ -71.31,37.89 ], [ -80.5,37.89 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ffd69de4b0824b2d177a0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schnabel, Robert Wayne","contributorId":57859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnabel","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vickers, Rollin C.","contributorId":46085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vickers","given":"Rollin C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":78645,"text":"tem677 - 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