{"pageNumber":"705","pageRowStart":"17600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46883,"records":[{"id":70034169,"text":"70034169 - 2011 - Spatiotemporal evolution of dike opening and décollement slip at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-03T16:24:14.025474","indexId":"70034169","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal evolution of dike opening and décollement slip at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"Rapid changes in ground tilt and GPS positions on Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i, are interpreted as resulting from a shallow, two-segment dike intrusion into the east rift zone that began at 1217 UTC (0217 HST) on 17 June 2007 and lasted almost 3 days. As a result of the intrusion, a very small volume of basalt (about 1500 m<sup>3</sup>) erupted on 19 June. Northward tilt at a coastal tiltmeter, subsidence of south flank GPS sites, southeastward displacements at southwestern flank GPS sites, and a swarm of flank earthquakes suggest that a slow slip event occurred on the décollement beneath Kīlauea's south flank concurrent with the rift intrusion. We use 4 min GPS positions that include estimates of time-dependent tropospheric gradients and ground tilt data to study the spatial and temporal relationships between the two inferred shallow, steeply dipping dike segments extending from the surface to about 2 km depth and décollement slip at 8 km depth. We invert for the temporal evolution of distributed dike opening and décollement slip in independent inversions at each time step using a nonnegative least squares algorithm. On the basis of these inversions, the intrusion occurred in two stages that correspond spatially and temporally with concentrated rift zone seismicity. The dike opening began on the western of the two segments before jumping to the eastern segment, where the majority of opening accumulated. Dike opening preceded the start of décollement slip at an 84% confidence level; the latter is indicated by the onset of northward tilt of a coastal tiltmeter. Displacements at southwest flank GPS sites began about 18 h later and are interpreted as resulting from slow slip on the southwestern flank. Additional constraints on the evolution of the intrusion and décollement slip come from inversion of an Envisat interferogram that spans the intrusion until 0822 UTC on 18 June 2007, combined with GPS and tilt data. This inversion shows that up to 0822 UTC on 18 June, décollement slip is only required in a limited region offshore of Ka'ena Point. A similar inversion of the complete event, which includes GPS and tilt data up to 21 June and a second Envisat interferogram spanning the complete intrusion until 21 June, shows décollement slip spread westward across the south flank. This may suggest westward migration of the décollement slip as the event progressed.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010JB007762","usgsCitation":"Montgomery-Brown, E., Sinnett, D.K., Larson, K., Poland, M., Segall, P., and Mikijus, A., 2011, Spatiotemporal evolution of dike opening and décollement slip at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 116, no. 3, B03401, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007762.","productDescription":"B03401, 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475163,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jb007762","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.798371,19.056854 ], [ -155.798371,19.550464 ], [ -155.016307,19.550464 ], [ -155.016307,19.056854 ], [ -155.798371,19.056854 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"116","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94cee4b08c986b31ac5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, E. K.","contributorId":81722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"E. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sinnett, D. K.","contributorId":16680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sinnett","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, K.M.","contributorId":84949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":105847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Segall, P.","contributorId":44231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Segall","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mikijus, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":80431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikijus","given":"Asta","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034168,"text":"70034168 - 2011 - Users as essential contributors to spatial cyberinfrastructures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70034168","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Users as essential contributors to spatial cyberinfrastructures","docAbstract":"Current accounts of spatial cyberinfrastructure development tend to overemphasize technologies to the neglect of critical social and cultural issues on which adoption depends. Spatial cyberinfrastructures will have a higher chance of success if users of many types, including nonprofessionals, are made central to the development process. Recent studies in the history of infrastructures reveal key turning points and issues that should be considered in the development of spatial cyberinfrastructure projects. These studies highlight the importance of adopting qualitative research methods to learn how users work with data and digital tools, and how user communities form. The author's empirical research on data sharing networks in the Pacific Northwest salmon crisis at the turn of the 21st century demonstrates that ordinary citizens can contribute critical local knowledge to global databases and should be considered in the design and construction of spatial cyberinfrastructures.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0907677108","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Poore, B., 2011, Users as essential contributors to spatial cyberinfrastructures, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 108, no. 14, p. 5510-5515, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907677108.","startPage":"5510","endPage":"5515","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475353,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907677108","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216938,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907677108"},{"id":244840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbffae4b08c986b329e73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poore, B.S.","contributorId":102249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034164,"text":"70034164 - 2011 - Abundance, stock origin, and length of marked and unmarked juvenile Chinook salmon in the surface waters of greater Puget Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T15:28:29.780202","indexId":"70034164","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance, stock origin, and length of marked and unmarked juvenile Chinook salmon in the surface waters of greater Puget Sound","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study focuses on the use by juvenile Chinook salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>&nbsp;of the rarely studied neritic environment (surface waters overlaying the sublittoral zone) in greater Puget Sound. Juvenile Chinook salmon inhabit the sound from their late estuarine residence and early marine transition to their first year at sea. We measured the density, origin, and size of marked (known hatchery) and unmarked (majority naturally spawned) juveniles by means of monthly surface trawls at six river mouth estuaries in Puget Sound and the areas in between. Juvenile Chinook salmon were present in all months sampled (April–November). Unmarked fish in the northern portion of the study area showed broader seasonal distributions of density than did either marked fish in all areas or unmarked fish in the central and southern portions of the sound. Despite these temporal differences, the densities of marked fish appeared to drive most of the total density estimates across space and time. Genetic analysis and coded wire tag data provided us with documented individuals from at least 16 source populations and indicated that movement patterns and apparent residence time were, in part, a function of natal location and time passed since the release of these fish from hatcheries. Unmarked fish tended to be smaller than marked fish and had broader length frequency distributions. The lengths of unmarked fish were negatively related to the density of both marked and unmarked Chinook salmon, but those of marked fish were not. These results indicate more extensive use of estuarine environments by wild than by hatchery juvenile Chinook salmon as well as differential use (e.g., rearing and migration) of various geographic regions of greater Puget Sound by juvenile Chinook salmon in general. In addition, the results for hatchery‐generated timing, density, and length differences have implications for the biological interactions between hatchery and wild fish throughout Puget Sound.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2010.550253","usgsCitation":"Rice, C.A., Greene, C., Moran, P., Teel, D., Kuligowski, D., Reisenbichler, R.R., Beamer, E., Karr, J., and Fresh, K., 2011, Abundance, stock origin, and length of marked and unmarked juvenile Chinook salmon in the surface waters of greater Puget Sound: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 1, p. 170-189, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2010.550253.","startPage":"170","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378341,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1080/00028487.2010.550253"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.17321777343749,\n              46.99524110694593\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.1514892578125,\n              46.99524110694593\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.1514892578125,\n              48.93693495409401\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.17321777343749,\n              48.93693495409401\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.17321777343749,\n              46.99524110694593\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"140","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e660e4b0c8380cd47399","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, C. A.","contributorId":106116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greene, C.M.","contributorId":50012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, P.","contributorId":34746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Teel, D.J.","contributorId":71800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teel","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuligowski, D.R.","contributorId":82950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuligowski","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reisenbichler, Reginald R.","contributorId":20623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reisenbichler","given":"Reginald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Beamer, E.M.","contributorId":55241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beamer","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Karr, J.R.","contributorId":74091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karr","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fresh, K.L.","contributorId":105916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fresh","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70036319,"text":"70036319 - 2011 - OBIS-USA: a data-sharing legacy of the census of marine life","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-03T13:15:16","indexId":"70036319","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2929,"text":"Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"OBIS-USA: a data-sharing legacy of the census of marine life","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey's Biological Informatics Program hosts OBIS-USA, the US node of the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). OBIS-USA gathers, coordinates, applies standard formats to, and makeswidely available data on biological collections in marine waters of the United States and other areas where US investigators have collected data and, in some instances, specimens. OBIS-USA delivers its data to OBIS international, which then delivers its data to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and other Web portals for marine biodiversity data. OBIS-USA currently has 145 data sets from 36 participants, representing over 6.5 million occurrence records of over 83,000 taxa from more than 888,000 locations. OBIS-USA, a legacy of the decade-long (2001-2010) international collaborative Census of Marine Life enterprise, continues to add data, including those from ongoing Census projects. Among the many challenges in creating OBIS, including OBIS-USA, were developing a community of trust and shared valueamong data providers, and demonstrating to providers the value of making their data accessible to others. Challenges also posed by the diversity of data sets relevant tomarine biodiversity stored on thousands of computers, in a variety of formats, not all widely accessible, have been met in OBIS-USA by implementing a uniform standard and publishing platform that is easily accessible to a broad range of users.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Oceanography Society","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2011.36","issn":"10428275","usgsCitation":"Sedberry, G., Fautin, D., Feldman, M., Fornwall, M., Goldstein, P., and Guralnick, R., 2011, OBIS-USA: a data-sharing legacy of the census of marine life: Oceanography, v. 24, no. 2, p. 166-173, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.36.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"166","endPage":"173","costCenters":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475333,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.36","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218312,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.36"},{"id":246311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3a7e4b0c8380cd46161","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sedberry, G.R.","contributorId":35122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedberry","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fautin, D.G.","contributorId":66029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fautin","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feldman, M.","contributorId":81733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feldman","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fornwall, M.D.","contributorId":76699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fornwall","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldstein, P.","contributorId":101110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Guralnick, R.P.","contributorId":94898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guralnick","given":"R.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036073,"text":"70036073 - 2011 - Evaluation of groundwater discharge into small lakes based on the temporal distribution of radon-222","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T22:01:42.739416","indexId":"70036073","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of groundwater discharge into small lakes based on the temporal distribution of radon-222","docAbstract":"<p><span>In order to evaluate groundwater discharge into small lakes we constructed a model that is based on the budget of&nbsp;</span><sup>222</sup><span>Rn (radon, t</span><sub>1/2</sub><span>=3.8 d) as a tracer. The main assumptions in our model are that the lake's waters are well‐mixed horizontally and vertically; the only significant&nbsp;</span><sup>222</sup><span>Rn source is via groundwater discharge; and the only losses are due to decay and atmospheric evasion. In order to evaluate the groundwater‐derived&nbsp;</span><sup>222</sup><span>Rn flux, we monitored the&nbsp;</span><sup>222</sup><span>Rn concentration in lake water over periods long enough (usually 1–3 d) to observe changes likely caused by variations in atmospheric exchange (primarily a function of wind speed and temperature). We then attempt to reproduce the observed record by accounting for decay and atmospheric losses and by estimating the total&nbsp;</span><sup>222</sup><span>Rn input flux using an iterative approach. Our methodology was tested in two lakes in central Florida: one of which is thought to have significant groundwater inputs (Lake Haines) and another that is known not to have any groundwater inflows but requires daily groundwater augmentation from a deep aquifer (Round Lake). Model results were consistent with independent seepage meter data at both Lake Haines (positive seepage of ∼ 1.6 × 10</span><sup>4</sup><span>&nbsp;m</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;in Mar 2008) and at Round Lake (no net groundwater seepage)</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lo.2011.56.2.0486","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Dimova, N.T., and Burnett, W.C., 2011, Evaluation of groundwater discharge into small lakes based on the temporal distribution of radon-222: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 56, no. 2, p. 486-494, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.2.0486.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"494","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475100,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.2.0486","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c85e4b0c8380cd52ba4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dimova, N. T.","contributorId":30080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dimova","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnett, W. C.","contributorId":39779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burnett","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034114,"text":"70034114 - 2011 - Age, genesis, and paleoclimatic interpretation of the Sangamon/Loveland complex in the Lower Mississippi Valley, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034114","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age, genesis, and paleoclimatic interpretation of the Sangamon/Loveland complex in the Lower Mississippi Valley, USA","docAbstract":"For more than a century, the Sangamon paleosol (the Sangamon) has been an integral part of geologic and pedologic investigations in the central United States, including the Upper Mississippi and Lower Missouri River Valleys. Compositional, pedologic, micromorphologic, stratigraphic, and age data indicate that the prominent reddish paleosol developed in silt-rich deposits of the Lower Mississippi Valley, from southernmost Illinois to northwestern Mississippi, represents multiple periods of soil formation, and is wholly or in part time equivalent to the Sangamon of the central United States. Thermoluminescence data, for localities where the Sangamon developed in loess, indicate that the primary period of loess deposition was from 190 to 130 ka (oxygen isotope stage, OIS6), that loess deposition continued intermittently from 130 to 74 ka (OIS5), and that deposition was wholly or in part coeval with Loveland loess deposition in the central United States. Beryllium-10, chemical, and pedologic data indicate that in the Lower Mississippi Valley: (1) the Sangamon represents a minimum time period of 60-80 k.y.; (2) there were at least two periods of soil formation, ca. 130-90 ka and 74-58 ka (OIS4); and (3) rates of weathering and pedogenesis equaled or exceeded the net loess-accumulation rate until at least 46 ka (OIS3) and resulted in development of a paleosol in the overlying basal Roxana Silt. Along a N-S transect from southern Illinois to western Mississippi, Sangamon macroscopic characteristics as well asthe micro-morphology, chemistry, and mineralogy, suggest a regional paleoclimate during periods of soil formation that: (1) was warm to hot, with a wider range in temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration than present; (2) had seasonal to decadal or longer periods of drought; and (3) had down-valley (southward) trends of increasing temperature and precipitation and decreasing seasonality and variation in annualto decadal precipitation. ?? 2011 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B30208.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Markewich, H.W., Wysocki, D., Pavich, M., and Rutledge, E., 2011, Age, genesis, and paleoclimatic interpretation of the Sangamon/Loveland complex in the Lower Mississippi Valley, USA: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, no. 1-2, p. 21-39, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30208.1.","startPage":"21","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216603,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B30208.1"},{"id":244483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8f5e4b0c8380cd47fec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markewich, H. W.","contributorId":31426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markewich","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wysocki, D.A.","contributorId":11678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wysocki","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pavich, M.J.","contributorId":70788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rutledge, E.M.","contributorId":47819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutledge","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034108,"text":"70034108 - 2011 - Sources and physical processes responsible for OH/H2O in the lunar soil as revealed by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034108","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources and physical processes responsible for OH/H2O in the lunar soil as revealed by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)","docAbstract":"Analysis of two absorption features near 3 m in the lunar reflectance spectrum, observed by the orbiting M3 spectrometer and interpreted as being due to OH and H2O, is presented, and the results are used to discuss the processes producing these molecules. This analysis focuses on the dependence of the absorptions on lunar physical properties, including composition, illumination, latitude, and temperature. Solar wind proton-induced hydroxylation is proposed as the creation process, and its products could be a source for other reported types of hydrogen-rich material and water. The irregular and damaged fine-grained lunar soil seems especially adapted for trapping solar wind protons and forming OH owing to abundant dangling oxygen bonds. The M3 data reveal that the strengths of the two absorptions are correlated and widespread, and both are correlated with lunar composition but in different ways. Feldspathic material seems richer in OH. These results seem to rule out water from the lunar interior and cometary infall as major sources. There appear to be correlations of apparent band strengths with time of day and lighting conditions. However, thermal emission from the Moon reduces the apparent strengths of the M3 absorptions, and its removal is not yet completely successful. Further, many of the lunar physical properties are themselves intercorrelated, and so separating these dependencies on the absorptions is difficult, due to the incomplete M3 data set. This process should also operate on other airless silicate surfaces, such as Mercury and Vesta, which will be visited by the Dawn spacecraft in mid-2011. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010JE003711","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"McCord, T.B., Taylor, L., Combe, J.#., Kramer, G., Pieters, C., Sunshine, J., and Clark, R.N., 2011, Sources and physical processes responsible for OH/H2O in the lunar soil as revealed by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3): Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 116, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003711.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475351,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010je003711","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216965,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003711"}],"volume":"116","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b935be4b08c986b31a454","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCord, T. B.","contributorId":69695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCord","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, L.A.","contributorId":14160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Combe, J. #NAME?","contributorId":37982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Combe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"#NAME?","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kramer, G.","contributorId":32378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pieters, C.M.","contributorId":48733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pieters","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":444131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sunshine, J.M.","contributorId":74591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sunshine","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034098,"text":"70034098 - 2011 - Hierarchical modeling of an invasive spread: The eurasian collared-dove streptopelia decaocto in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70034098","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical modeling of an invasive spread: The eurasian collared-dove streptopelia decaocto in the United States","docAbstract":"Invasive species are regularly claimed as the second threat to biodiversity. To apply a relevant response to the potential consequences associated with invasions (e.g., emphasize management efforts to prevent new colonization or to eradicate the species in places where it has already settled), it is essential to understand invasion mechanisms and dynamics. Quantifying and understanding what influences rates of spatial spread is a key research area for invasion theory. In this paper, we develop a model to account for occupancy dynamics of an invasive species. Our model extends existing models to accommodate several elements of invasive processes; we chose the framework of hierarchical modeling to assess site occupancy status during an invasion. First, we explicitly accounted for spatial structure and how distance among sites and position relative to one another affect the invasion spread. In particular, we accounted for the possibility of directional propagation and provided a way of estimating the direction of this possible spread. Second, we considered the influence of local density on site occupancy. Third, we decided to split the colonization process into two subprocesses, initial colonization and recolonization, which may be ground-breaking because these subprocesses may exhibit different relationships with environmental variations (such as density variation) or colonization history (e.g., initial colonization might facilitate further colonization events). Finally, our model incorporates imperfection in detection, which might be a source of substantial bias in estimating population parameters. We focused on the case of the Eurasian Collared-Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) and its invasion of the United States since its introduction in the early 1980s, using data from the North American BBS (Breeding Bird Survey). The Eurasian Collared-Dove is one of the most successful invasive species, at least among terrestrial vertebrates. Our model provided estimation of the spread direction consistent with empirical observations. Site persistence probability exhibits a quadratic response to density. We also succeeded at detecting differences in the relationship between density and initial colonization vs. recolonization probabilities. We provide a map of sites that may be colonized in the future as an example of possible practical application of our work. ?? 2011 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/09-1877.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Bled, F., Royle, J., and Cam, E., 2011, Hierarchical modeling of an invasive spread: The eurasian collared-dove streptopelia decaocto in the United States: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 1, p. 290-302, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1877.1.","startPage":"290","endPage":"302","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216840,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-1877.1"},{"id":244736,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a309ce4b0c8380cd5d7bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bled, F.","contributorId":41676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bled","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cam, E.","contributorId":12952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cam","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034084,"text":"70034084 - 2011 - Implementing telemetry on new species in remote areas: Recommendations from a large-scale satellite tracking study of African waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T16:27:13","indexId":"70034084","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2970,"text":"Ostrich","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implementing telemetry on new species in remote areas: Recommendations from a large-scale satellite tracking study of African waterfowl","docAbstract":"We provide recommendations for implementing telemetry studies on waterfowl on the basis of our experience in a tracking study conducted in three countries of sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of the study was to document movements by duck species identified as priority candidates for the potential spread of avian influenza. Our study design included both captive and field test components on four wild duck species (Garganey, Comb Duck, White-faced Duck and Fulvous Duck). We used our location data to evaluate marking success and determine when signal loss occurred. The captive study of eight ducks marked with non-working transmitters in a zoo in Montpellier, France, prior to fieldwork showed no evidence of adverse effects, and the harness design appeared to work well. The field study in Malawi, Nigeria and Mali started in 2007 on 2 February, 6 February and 14 February, and ended on 22 November 2007 (288 d), 20 January 2010 (1 079 d), and 3 November 2008 (628 d), respectively. The field study indicated that 38 of 47 (81%) of the platform transmitter terminals (PTTs) kept transmitting after initial deployment, and the transmitters provided 15 576 locations. Signal loss during the field study was attributed to three main causes: PTT loss, PTT failure and mortality (natural, human-caused and PTT-related). The PTT signal quality varied by geographic region, and interference caused signal loss in the Mediterranean Sea region. We recommend careful attention at the beginning of the study to determine the optimum timing of transmitter deployment and the number of transmitters to be deployed per species. These sample sizes should be calculated by taking into account region-specific causes of signal loss to ensure research objectives are met. These recommendations should be useful for researchers undertaking a satellite tracking program, especially when working in remote areas of Africa where logistics are difficult or with poorly-known species. ?? NISC (Pty) Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ostrich","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2011.556786","issn":"00306525","usgsCitation":"Cappelle, J., Iverson, S.A., Takekawa, J.Y., Newman, S.H., Dodman, T., and Gaidet, N., 2011, Implementing telemetry on new species in remote areas: Recommendations from a large-scale satellite tracking study of African waterfowl: Ostrich, v. 82, no. 1, p. 17-26, https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2011.556786.","startPage":"17","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216630,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2011.556786"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3914e4b0c8380cd617c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cappelle, J.","contributorId":56774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cappelle","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, S. A.","contributorId":22556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":444000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newman, S. H.","contributorId":21888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newman","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dodman, T.","contributorId":59543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodman","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gaidet, N.","contributorId":60359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaidet","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035647,"text":"70035647 - 2011 - Study relationship between inorganic and organic coal analysis with gross calorific value by multiple regression and ANFIS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T21:17:55.08143","indexId":"70035647","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2034,"text":"International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Study relationship between inorganic and organic coal analysis with gross calorific value by multiple regression and ANFIS","docAbstract":"<p><span>The relationship between maceral content plus mineral matter and gross calorific value (GCV) for a wide range of West Virginia coal samples (from 6518 to 15330 BTU/lb; 15.16 to 35.66&nbsp;MJ/kg) has been investigated by multivariable regression and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The stepwise least square mathematical method comparison between liptinite, vitrinite, plus mineral matter as input data sets with measured GCV reported a nonlinear correlation coefficient (</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>) of 0.83. Using the same data set the correlation between the predicted GCV from the ANFIS model and the actual GCV reported a&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;value of 0.96. It was determined that the GCV-based prediction methods, as used in this article, can provide a reasonable estimation of GCV.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/19392699.2010.527876","issn":"19392699","usgsCitation":"Chelgani, S., Hart, B., Grady, W., and Hower, J., 2011, Study relationship between inorganic and organic coal analysis with gross calorific value by multiple regression and ANFIS: International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, v. 31, no. 1, p. 9-19, https://doi.org/10.1080/19392699.2010.527876.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216372,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392699.2010.527876"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9ce2e4b08c986b31d500","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chelgani, S.C.","contributorId":54035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chelgani","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, B.","contributorId":18201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grady, W.C.","contributorId":104223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grady","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hower, J.C.","contributorId":100541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hower","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035900,"text":"70035900 - 2011 - Islands at bay: Rising seas, eroding islands, and waterbird habitat loss in Chesapeake Bay (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-08T19:27:34.681652","indexId":"70035900","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2219,"text":"Journal of Coastal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Islands at bay: Rising seas, eroding islands, and waterbird habitat loss in Chesapeake Bay (USA)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Like many resources in the Chesapeake Bay region of the U.S., many waterbird nesting populations have suffered over the past three to four decades. In this study, historic information for the entire Bay and recent results from the Tangier Sound region were evaluated to illustrate patterns of island erosion and habitat loss for 19 breeding species of waterbirds. Aerial imagery and field data collected in the nesting season were the primary sources of data. From 1993/1994 to 2007/2008, a group of 15 islands in Tangier Sound, Virginia were reduced by 21% in area, as most of their small dunes and associated vegetation and forest cover were lost to increased washovers. Concurrently, nesting American black ducks (</span><i>Anas rubripes)</i><span>&nbsp;declined by 66% , wading birds (herons-egrets) by 51%, gulls by 72%, common terns&nbsp;</span><i>(Sterna hirundo)</i><span>&nbsp;by 96% and black skimmers (</span><i>Rynchops niger</i><span>) by about 70% in this complex. The declines noted at the larger Bay-wide scale suggest that this study area maybe symptomatic of a systemic limitation of nesting habitat for these species. The island losses noted in the Chesapeake have also been noted in other Atlantic U.S. coastal states. Stabilization and/or restoration of at least some of the rapidly eroding islands at key coastal areas are critical to help sustain waterbird communities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s11852-010-0119-y","issn":"14000350","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., Brinker, D., Watts, B., Costanzo, G., and Morton, D., 2011, Islands at bay: Rising seas, eroding islands, and waterbird habitat loss in Chesapeake Bay (USA): Journal of Coastal Conservation, v. 15, no. 1, p. 51-60, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-010-0119-y.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"60","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216411,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11852-010-0119-y"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.96633911132812,\n              37.70120736474139\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60653686523438,\n              37.70120736474139\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60653686523438,\n              37.98317483351337\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.96633911132812,\n              37.98317483351337\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.96633911132812,\n              37.70120736474139\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f39e4b0c8380cd6436d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R. Michael 0000-0003-2108-9502","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2108-9502","contributorId":196583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erwin","given":"R. 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,{"id":70035899,"text":"70035899 - 2011 - Estimation of suspended-sediment concentration from total suspended solids and turbidity data for Kentucky, 1978-1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-08T19:41:13.40459","indexId":"70035899","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of suspended-sediment concentration from total suspended solids and turbidity data for Kentucky, 1978-1995","docAbstract":"<p><span>Suspended sediment is a constituent of water quality that is monitored because of concerns about accelerated erosion, nonpoint contamination of water resources, and degradation of aquatic environments. In order to quantify the relationship among different sediment parameters for Kentucky streams, long‐term records were obtained from the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey. Suspended‐sediment concentration (SSC), the parameter traditionally measured and reported by the U.S. Geological Survey, was statistically compared to turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS), two parameters that are considered surrogate data. A linear regression of log‐transformed observations was used to estimate SSC from TSS; 72% of TSS observations were less than coincident SSC observations; however, the estimated SSC values were almost as likely to be overestimated as underestimated. The SSC‐turbidity relationship also used log‐transformed observations, but required a nonlinear, breakpoint regression that separated turbidity observations ≤6 nephelometric turbidity units. The slope for these low turbidity values was not significantly different than zero, indicating that low turbidity observations provide no real information about SSC; in the case of the Kentucky sediment record, this accounts for 30% of the turbidity observations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00538.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Williamson, T., and Crawford, C.G., 2011, Estimation of suspended-sediment concentration from total suspended solids and turbidity data for Kentucky, 1978-1995: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 4, p. 739-749, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00538.x.","productDescription":"11 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,{"id":70034071,"text":"70034071 - 2011 - Near-surface shear-wave velocity measurements in unlithified sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034071","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3317,"text":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-surface shear-wave velocity measurements in unlithified sediment","docAbstract":"S-wave velocity can be directly correlated to material stiffness and lithology making it a valuable physical property that has found uses in construction, engineering, and environmental projects. This study compares different methods for measuring S-wave velocities, investigating and identifying the differences among the methods' results, and prioritizing the different methods for optimal S-wave use at the U. S. Army's Yuma Proving Grounds YPG. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves MASW and S-wave tomography were used to generate S-wave velocity profiles. Each method has advantages and disadvantages. A strong signal-to-noise ratio at the study site gives the MASW method promising resolution. S-wave first arrivals are picked on impulsive sledgehammer data which were then used for the tomography process. Three-component downhole seismic data were collected in-line with a locking geophone, providing ground truth to compare the data and to draw conclusions about the validity of each data set. Results from these S-wave measurement techniques are compared with borehole seismic data and with lithology data from continuous samples to help ascertain the accuracy, and therefore applicability, of each method. This study helps to select the best methods for obtaining S-wave velocities for media much like those found in unconsolidated sediments at YPG. ?? 2011 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3627467","issn":"10523812","usgsCitation":"Richards, B., Steeples, D., Miller, R., Ivanov, J., Peterie, S., Sloan, S., and McKenna, J., 2011, Near-surface shear-wave velocity measurements in unlithified sediment: SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 30, no. 1, p. 1416-1420, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627467.","startPage":"1416","endPage":"1420","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216902,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3627467"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6409e4b0c8380cd72833","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards, B.T.","contributorId":92893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"B.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steeples, D.","contributorId":30422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeples","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, R.","contributorId":19118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ivanov, J.","contributorId":107068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivanov","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterie, S.","contributorId":67753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterie","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sloan, S.D.","contributorId":101492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McKenna, J.R.","contributorId":108336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70136550,"text":"70136550 - 2011 - Comparative phylogeography of a coevolved community: Concerted population expansions in Joshua trees and four yucca moths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T14:00:13.686015","indexId":"70136550","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative phylogeography of a coevolved community: Concerted population expansions in Joshua trees and four yucca moths","docAbstract":"<p><span>Comparative phylogeographic studies have had mixed success in identifying common phylogeographic patterns among co-distributed organisms. Whereas some have found broadly similar patterns across a diverse array of taxa, others have found that the histories of different species are more idiosyncratic than congruent. The variation in the results of comparative phylogeographic studies could indicate that the extent to which sympatrically-distributed organisms share common biogeographic histories varies depending on the strength and specificity of ecological interactions between them. To test this hypothesis, we examined demographic and phylogeographic patterns in a highly specialized, coevolved community – Joshua trees (</span><i>Yucca brevifolia</i><span>) and their associated yucca moths. This tightly-integrated, mutually interdependent community is known to have experienced significant range changes at the end of the last glacial period, so there is a strong&nbsp;</span><i>a priori</i><span>&nbsp;expectation that these organisms will show common signatures of demographic and distributional changes over time. Using a database of &gt;5000 GPS records for Joshua trees, and multi-locus DNA sequence data from the Joshua tree and four species of yucca moth, we combined paleaodistribution modeling with coalescent-based analyses of demographic and phylgeographic history. We extensively evaluated the power of our methods to infer past population size and distributional changes by evaluating the effect of different inference procedures on our results, comparing our palaeodistribution models to Pleistocene-aged packrat midden records, and simulating DNA sequence data under a variety of alternative demographic histories. Together the results indicate that these organisms have shared a common history of population expansion, and that these expansions were broadly coincident in time. However, contrary to our expectations, none of our analyses indicated significant range or population size reductions at the end of the last glacial period, and the inferred demographic changes substantially predate Holocene climate changes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0025628","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.I., Tank, S., Godsoe, W., Levenick, J., Strand, E., Esque, T., and Pellmyr, O., 2011, Comparative phylogeography of a coevolved community: Concerted population expansions in Joshua trees and four yucca moths: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 10, e25628: 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025628.","productDescription":"e25628: 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-015534","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475089,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025628","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296979,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b61e4b08de9379b3358","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Christopher Irwin","contributorId":131173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"Irwin","affiliations":[{"id":7268,"text":"Willamette University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tank, Shantel","contributorId":131174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tank","given":"Shantel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6711,"text":"University of Idaho, Moscow ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godsoe, William","contributorId":131175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Godsoe","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6711,"text":"University of Idaho, Moscow ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Levenick, Jim","contributorId":131176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levenick","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7268,"text":"Willamette University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Strand, Eva","contributorId":82611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strand","given":"Eva","affiliations":[{"id":6711,"text":"University of Idaho, Moscow ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":127766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pellmyr, Olle","contributorId":131177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pellmyr","given":"Olle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6711,"text":"University of Idaho, Moscow ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70033992,"text":"70033992 - 2011 - Experimental determination of the phase boundary between kornelite and pentahydrated ferric sulfate at 0.1MPa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70033992","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental determination of the phase boundary between kornelite and pentahydrated ferric sulfate at 0.1MPa","docAbstract":"Recent findings of various ferric sulfates on Mars emphasize the importance of understanding the fundamental properties of ferric sulfates at temperatures relevant to that of Martian surface. In this study, the phase boundary between kornelite (Fe2(SO4)3.7H2O) and pentahydrated ferric sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3.5H2O) was experimentally determined using the humidity-buffer technique together with gravimetric measurements and Raman spectroscopy at 0.1MPa in the 36-56??C temperature range. Through the thermodynamic analysis of our experimental data, the enthalpy change (-290.8??0.3kJ/mol) and the Gibbs free energy change (-238.82??0.02kJ/mol) for each water molecule of crystallization in the rehydration of pentahydrated ferric sulfate to kornelite were obtained. ?? 2011 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.014","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Kong, W., Wang, A., and Chou, I., 2011, Experimental determination of the phase boundary between kornelite and pentahydrated ferric sulfate at 0.1MPa: Chemical Geology, v. 284, no. 3-4, p. 333-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.014.","startPage":"333","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216713,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.014"},{"id":244599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"284","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dc5e4b0c8380cd531b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kong, W.G.","contributorId":72229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kong","given":"W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, A.","contributorId":46735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":443545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036361,"text":"70036361 - 2011 - Improving occupancy estimation when two types of observational error occur: Non-detection and species misidentification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T19:05:27.584579","indexId":"70036361","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving occupancy estimation when two types of observational error occur: Non-detection and species misidentification","docAbstract":"<p><span>Efforts to draw inferences about species occurrence frequently account for false negatives, the common situation when individuals of a species are not detected even when a site is occupied. However, recent studies suggest the need to also deal with false positives, which occur when species are misidentified so that a species is recorded as detected when a site is unoccupied. Bias in estimators of occupancy, colonization, and extinction can be severe when false positives occur. Accordingly, we propose models that simultaneously account for both types of error. Our approach can be used to improve estimates of occupancy for study designs where a subset of detections is of a type or method for which false positives can be assumed to not occur. We illustrate properties of the estimators with simulations and data for three species of frogs. We show that models that account for possible misidentification have greater support (lower AIC for two species) and can yield substantially different occupancy estimates than those that do not. When the potential for misidentification exists, researchers should consider analytical techniques that can account for this source of error, such as those presented here.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Ecological  Society of America","doi":"10.1890/10-1396.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Miller, D., Nichols, J.D., McClintock, B., Campbell Grant, E.H., Bailey, L., and Weir, L., 2011, Improving occupancy estimation when two types of observational error occur: Non-detection and species misidentification: Ecology, v. 92, no. 7, p. 1422-1428, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1396.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1422","endPage":"1428","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475542,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1396.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218435,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1396.1"}],"volume":"92","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3978e4b0c8380cd61925","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, David 0000-0002-3011-3677 davidmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3011-3677","contributorId":200215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David","email":"davidmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":455731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":200533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McClintock, B.T.","contributorId":29108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClintock","given":"B.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weir, L.A.","contributorId":20855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033981,"text":"70033981 - 2011 - Multi-channel analysis of surface waves MASW of models with high shear-wave velocity contrast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70033981","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3317,"text":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-channel analysis of surface waves MASW of models with high shear-wave velocity contrast","docAbstract":"We use the multi-channel analysis of surface waves MASW method to analyze synthetic seismic data calculated using models with high shear-wave velocity Vs contrast. The MASW dispersion-curve images of the Rayleigh wave are obtained using various sets of source-offset and spread-size configurations from the synthetic seismic data and compared with the theoretically calculated fundamental- and higher-mode dispersion-curves. Such tests showed that most of the dispersion-curve images are dominated by higher-mode energy at the low frequencies, especially when analyzing data from long receiver offsets and thus significantly divert from numerically expected dispersion-curve trends, which can lead to significant Vs overestimation. Further analysis showed that using data with relatively short spread lengths and source offsets can image the desired fundamental-mode of the Rayleigh wave that matches the numerically expected dispersion-curve pattern. As a result, it was concluded that it might be possible to avoid higher-mode contamination at low frequencies at sites with high Vs contrast by appropriate selection of spread size and seismic source offset. ?? 2011 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3627461","issn":"10523812","usgsCitation":"Ivanov, J., Miller, R., Peterie, S., Zeng, C., Xia, J., and Schwenk, T., 2011, Multi-channel analysis of surface waves MASW of models with high shear-wave velocity contrast: SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 30, no. 1, p. 1384-1390, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627461.","startPage":"1384","endPage":"1390","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216535,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3627461"},{"id":244412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f8fe4b0c8380cd71017","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivanov, J.","contributorId":107068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivanov","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterie, S.","contributorId":67753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterie","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zeng, C.","contributorId":94519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schwenk, T.","contributorId":33949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwenk","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033878,"text":"70033878 - 2011 - Transient and steady state creep response of ice I and magnesium sulfate hydrate eutectic aggregates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-22T09:52:14","indexId":"70033878","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transient and steady state creep response of ice I and magnesium sulfate hydrate eutectic aggregates","docAbstract":"Using uniaxial compression creep experiments, we characterized the transient and steady state deformation behaviors of eutectic aggregates of system ice I and MgSO4 11H2O (MS11; meridianiite), which has significance because of its likely presence on moons of the outer solar system. Synthetic samples of eutectic liquid bulk composition, which produce eutectic colonies containing 0.35-0.50 volume fraction MS11, were tested as functions of colony size and lamellar spacing, temperature (230-250 K), and confining pressure (0.1 and 50 MPa) to strains ???0.2. Up to a differential stress of 6 MPa, the ice I-MS11 aggregates display an order of magnitude higher effective viscosity and higher stress sensitivity than do aggregates of pure polycrystalline ice at the same conditions. The creep data and associated microstructural observations demonstrate, however, that the aggregates are additionally more brittle than pure ice, approaching rate-independent plasticity that includes rupture of the hydrate phase at 6-8 MPa, depending on the scale of the microstructure. Microstructures of deformed samples reveal forms of semibrittle flow in which the hydrate phase fractures while the ice phase deforms plastically. Semibrittle flow in the icy shell of a planetary body would truncate the lithospheric strength envelope and thereby decrease the depth to the brittle-ductile transition by 55% and reduce the failure limit for compressional surface features from 10 to ???6 MPa. A constitutive equation that includes eutectic colony boundary sliding and intracolony flow is used to describe the steady state rheology of the eutectic aggregates. Copyright ?? 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010JE003689","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, C., Cooper, R., Goldsby, D., Durham, W., and Kirby, S.H., 2011, Transient and steady state creep response of ice I and magnesium sulfate hydrate eutectic aggregates: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 116, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003689.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475381,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d88w3rrk","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214534,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003689"},{"id":242269,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb6f7e4b08c986b326f89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, C.","contributorId":68112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, R.F.","contributorId":77740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldsby, D.L.","contributorId":84107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldsby","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Durham, W.B.","contributorId":72135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durham","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033875,"text":"70033875 - 2011 - Predicting community responses to perturbations in the face of imperfect knowledge and network complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033875","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting community responses to perturbations in the face of imperfect knowledge and network complexity","docAbstract":"How best to predict the effects of perturbations to ecological communities has been a long-standing goal for both applied and basic ecology. This quest has recently been revived by new empirical data, new analysis methods, and increased computing speed, with the promise that ecologically important insights may be obtainable from a limited knowledge of community interactions. We use empirically based and simulated networks of varying size and connectance to assess two limitations to predicting perturbation responses in multispecies communities: (1) the inaccuracy by which species interaction strengths are empirically quantified and (2) the indeterminacy of species responses due to indirect effects associated with network size and structure. We find that even modest levels of species richness and connectance (??25 pairwise interactions) impose high requirements for interaction strength estimates because system indeterminacy rapidly overwhelms predictive insights. Nevertheless, even poorly estimated interaction strengths provide greater average predictive certainty than an approach that uses only the sign of each interaction. Our simulations provide guidance in dealing with the trade-offs involved in maximizing the utility of network approaches for predicting dynamics in multispecies communities. ?? 2011 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/10-1354.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Novak, M., Wootton, J., Doak, D., Emmerson, M., Estes, J.A., and Tinker, M.T., 2011, Predicting community responses to perturbations in the face of imperfect knowledge and network complexity: Ecology, v. 92, no. 4, p. 836-846, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1354.1.","startPage":"836","endPage":"846","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214504,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1354.1"},{"id":242237,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81b1e4b0c8380cd7b699","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Novak, M.","contributorId":6248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novak","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wootton, J.T.","contributorId":60460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wootton","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doak, D.F.","contributorId":39729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doak","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Emmerson, M.","contributorId":18591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmerson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tinker, M. T. 0000-0002-3314-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":54152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033873,"text":"70033873 - 2011 - Using a genetic mixture model to study phenotypic traits: Differential fecundity among Yukon river Chinook Salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-23T10:26:01","indexId":"70033873","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using a genetic mixture model to study phenotypic traits: Differential fecundity among Yukon river Chinook Salmon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fecundity is a vital population characteristic that is directly linked to the productivity of fish populations. Historic data from Yukon River (Alaska) Chinook salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>suggest that length‐adjusted fecundity differs among populations within the drainage and either is temporally variable or has declined. Yukon River Chinook salmon have been harvested in large‐mesh gill‐net fisheries for decades, and a decline in fecundity was considered a potential evolutionary response to size‐selective exploitation. The implications for fishery conservation and management led us to further investigate the fecundity of Yukon River Chinook salmon populations. Matched observations of fecundity, length, and genotype were collected from a sample of adult females captured from the multipopulation spawning migration near the mouth of the Yukon River in 2008. These data were modeled by using a new mixture model, which was developed by extending the conditional maximum likelihood mixture model that is commonly used to estimate the composition of multipopulation mixtures based on genetic data. The new model facilitates maximum likelihood estimation of stock‐specific fecundity parameters without first using individual assignment to a putative population of origin, thus avoiding potential biases caused by assignment error. The hypothesis that fecundity of Chinook salmon has declined was not supported; this result implies that fecundity exhibits high interannual variability. However, length‐adjusted fecundity estimates decreased as migratory distance increased, and fecundity was more strongly dependent on fish size for populations spawning in the middle and upper portions of the drainage. These findings provide insights into potential constraints on reproductive investment imposed by long migrations and warrant consideration in fisheries management and conservation. The new mixture model extends the utility of genetic markers to new applications and can be easily adapted to study any observable trait or condition that may vary among populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2011.558776","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Bromaghin, J.F., Evenson, D., McLain, T., and Flannery, B.G., 2011, Using a genetic mixture model to study phenotypic traits: Differential fecundity among Yukon river Chinook Salmon: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 2, p. 235-249, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.558776.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"249","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214477,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.558776"}],"volume":"140","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc021e4b08c986b329f47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evenson, D.F.","contributorId":104356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenson","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McLain, T.H.","contributorId":15899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLain","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flannery, Blair G.","contributorId":95675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flannery","given":"Blair","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033866,"text":"70033866 - 2011 - Modeling PSInSAR time series without phase unwrapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T13:55:05","indexId":"70033866","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling PSInSAR time series without phase unwrapping","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this paper, we propose a least-squares-based method for multitemporal synthetic aperture radar interferometry that allows one to estimate deformations without the need of phase unwrapping. The method utilizes a series of multimaster wrapped differential interferograms with short baselines and focuses on arcs at which there are no phase ambiguities. An outlier detector is used to identify and remove the arcs with phase ambiguities, and a pseudoinverse of the variance-covariance matrix is used as the weight matrix of the correlated observations. The deformation rates at coherent points are estimated with a least squares model constrained by reference points. The proposed approach is verified with a set of simulated data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2010.2052625","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Zhang, L., Ding, X., and Lu, Z., 2011, Modeling PSInSAR time series without phase unwrapping: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 49, no. 1, p. 547-556, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2010.2052625.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"556","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214324,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2010.2052625"}],"volume":"49","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bcbe4b0c8380cd6f7e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, L.","contributorId":41543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ding, X.","contributorId":49990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ding","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036380,"text":"70036380 - 2011 - Long-term biases in geomagnetic K and aa indices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T17:49:08.975942","indexId":"70036380","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":780,"text":"Annales Geophysicae","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term biases in geomagnetic K and aa indices","docAbstract":"<p><span>Analysis is made of the geomagnetic-activity&nbsp;</span><i>aa</i><span>&nbsp;index and its source&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>-index data from groups of ground-based observatories in Britain, and Australia, 1868.0–2009.0, solar cycles 11–23. The&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;data show persistent biases, especially for high (low)&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>-activity levels at British (Australian) observatories. From examination of multiple subsets of the&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;data we infer that the biases are not predominantly the result of changes in observatory location, localized induced magnetotelluric currents, changes in magnetometer technology, or the modernization of&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>-value estimation methods. Instead, the biases appear to be artifacts of the latitude-dependent scaling used to assign&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;values to particular local levels of geomagnetic activity. The biases are not effectively removed by weighting factors used to estimate&nbsp;</span><i>aa</i><span>. We show that long-term averages of the&nbsp;</span><i>aa</i><span>&nbsp;index, such as annual averages, are dominated by medium-level geomagnetic activity levels having&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;values of 3 and 4.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/angeo-29-1365-2011","issn":"09927689","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., 2011, Long-term biases in geomagnetic K and aa indices: Annales Geophysicae, v. 29, no. 8, p. 1365-1375, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-1365-2011.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1365","endPage":"1375","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475540,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-1365-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218230,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-1365-2011"}],"volume":"29","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4979e4b0c8380cd68632","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033781,"text":"70033781 - 2011 - Recent acceleration of biomass burning and carbon losses in Alaskan forests and peatlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-12T11:35:03","indexId":"70033781","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent acceleration of biomass burning and carbon losses in Alaskan forests and peatlands","docAbstract":"Climate change has increased the area affected by forest fires each year in boreal North America. Increases in burned area and fire frequency are expected to stimulate boreal carbon losses. However, the impact of wildfires on carbon emissions is also affected by the severity of burning. How climate change influences the severity of biomass burning has proved difficult to assess. Here, we examined the depth of ground-layer combustion in 178 sites dominated by black spruce in Alaska, using data collected from 31 fire events between 1983 and 2005. We show that the depth of burning increased as the fire season progressed when the annual area burned was small. However, deep burning occurred throughout the fire season when the annual area burned was large. Depth of burning increased late in the fire season in upland forests, but not in peatland and permafrost sites. Simulations of wildfire-induced carbon losses from Alaskan black spruce stands over the past 60 years suggest that ground-layer combustion has accelerated regional carbon losses over the past decade, owing to increases in burn area and late-season burning. As a result, soils in these black spruce stands have become a net source of carbon to the atmosphere, with carbon emissions far exceeding decadal uptake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1027","issn":"17520894","usgsCitation":"Turetsky, M., Kane, E., Harden, J., Ottmar, R., Manies, K., Hoy, E., and Kasischke, E., 2011, Recent acceleration of biomass burning and carbon losses in Alaskan forests and peatlands: Nature Geoscience, v. 4, no. 1, p. 27-31, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1027.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"31","costCenters":[{"id":555,"text":"Soil Biogeochemistry Group","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214472,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1027"},{"id":242200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95d6e4b0c8380cd81c70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kane, E.S.","contributorId":42275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ottmar, R.D.","contributorId":72603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottmar","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manies, K.L.","contributorId":23228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hoy, E.","contributorId":40439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoy","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kasischke, E.S.","contributorId":61201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasischke","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70036383,"text":"70036383 - 2011 - Tiny intraplate earthquakes triggered by nearby episodic tremor and slip in Cascadia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036383","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tiny intraplate earthquakes triggered by nearby episodic tremor and slip in Cascadia","docAbstract":"Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) has been observed in many subduction zones, but its mechanical underpinnings as well as its potential for triggering damaging earthquakes have proven difficult to assess. Here we use a seismic array in Cascadia of unprecedented density to monitor seismicity around a moderate 16 day ETS episode. In the 4 months of data we examine, we observe five tiny earthquakes within the subducting slab during the episode and only one more in the same area, which was just before and nearby the next ETS burst. These earthquakes concentrate along the sides and updip edge of the ETS region, consistent with greater stress concentration there than near the middle and downdip edge of the tremor area. Most of the seismicity is below the megathrust, with a similar depth extent to the background intraslab seismicity. The pattern of earthquakes that we find suggests slow slip has a more continuous temporal and spatial pattern than the tremor loci, which notoriously appear in bursts, jumps, and streaks. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2011GC003559","issn":"15252027","usgsCitation":"Vidale, J., Hotovec, A., Ghosh, A., Creager, K.C., and Gomberg, J., 2011, Tiny intraplate earthquakes triggered by nearby episodic tremor and slip in Cascadia: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 12, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GC003559.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488026,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gc003559","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218260,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GC003559"},{"id":246255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb40ee4b08c986b326156","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vidale, J.E.","contributorId":55849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vidale","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hotovec, A.J.","contributorId":82954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotovec","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ghosh, A.","contributorId":17407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghosh","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Creager, K. C.","contributorId":105078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creager","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gomberg, J.","contributorId":95994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036470,"text":"70036470 - 2011 - Unravelling long-term vegetation change patterns in a binational watershed using multitemporal land cover data and historical photography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T19:12:03.452045","indexId":"70036470","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Unravelling long-term vegetation change patterns in a binational watershed using multitemporal land cover data and historical photography","docAbstract":"<p><span>A significant amount of research conducted in the Sonoran Desert of North America has documented, both anecdotally and empirically, major vegetation changes over the past century due to human land use activities. However, many studies lack coincidental landscape-scale data characterizing the spatial and temporal manifestation of these changes. Vegetation changes in a binational (USA and Mexico) watershed were documented using a series of four land cover maps (1979-2009) derived from multispectral satellite imagery. Cover changes are compared to georeferenced, repeat oblique photographs dating from the late 19&nbsp;</span><sup>th</sup><span>&nbsp;century to present. Results indicate the expansion of grassland over the past 20 years following nearly a century of decline. Historical repeat photography documents early-mid 20&nbsp;</span><sup>th</sup><span>&nbsp;century mesquite invasions, but recent land cover data and rephotography demonstrate declines in xeroriparian/riparian mesquite communities in recent decades. These vegetation changes are variable over the landscape and influenced by topography and land management.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"2011 6th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images, Multi-Temp 2011 - Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"2011 6th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images, Multi-Temp 2011","conferenceDate":"July 12-14, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Trento, Italy","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/Multi-Temp.2011.6005058","isbn":"9781457712036","usgsCitation":"Villarreal, M., Norman, L.M., Webb, R., Boyer, D.E., and Turner, R., 2011, Unravelling long-term vegetation change patterns in a binational watershed using multitemporal land cover data and historical photography, <i>in</i> 2011 6th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images, Multi-Temp 2011 - Proceedings, Trento, Italy, July 12-14, 2011, p. 101-104, https://doi.org/10.1109/Multi-Temp.2011.6005058.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"104","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218587,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/Multi-Temp.2011.6005058"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","otherGeospatial":"Sonoran Desert of North America","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.85107421875,\n              32.509761735919426\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.533203125,\n              31.50362930577303\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.3359375,\n              33.94335994657882\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.04882812499999,\n              34.95799531086792\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.85107421875,\n              32.509761735919426\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbcdfe4b08c986b328e4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villarreal, M.L.","contributorId":74254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406 lnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"lnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Robert rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":187755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":456299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyer, Diane E.","contributorId":22018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyer","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":456301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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