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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp98","usgsCitation":"Meuschke, J.L., and Henderson, J.R., 1953, Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of east-central Itasca County, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 98, 2 Plates: 44.11 × 26.00 inches and 27.75 × 29.24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp98.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 44.11 × 26.00 inches and 27.75 × 29.24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388852,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3594.htm"},{"id":260516,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0098/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":260515,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0098/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"63360","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"itasca County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.7780,\n 47.7375\n ],\n [\n -93.1,\n 47.7375\n ],\n [\n -93.1,\n 47.4778\n ],\n [\n -93.7780,\n 47.4778\n ],\n [\n -93.7780,\n 47.7375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629ab7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meuschke, J. L.","contributorId":53349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuschke","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henderson, John R. Jr.","contributorId":96346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":63624,"text":"gp97 - 1953 - Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of northeastern Itasca County and southeastern Koochiching County, Minnesota: Relative to arbitrary datum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-25T19:38:15.078491","indexId":"gp97","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97","title":"Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of northeastern Itasca County and southeastern Koochiching County, Minnesota: Relative to arbitrary datum","docAbstract":"

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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp97","usgsCitation":"Meuschke, J.L., and Henderson, J.R., 1953, Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of northeastern Itasca County and southeastern Koochiching County, Minnesota: Relative to arbitrary datum: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 97, 2 Plates: 42.10 × 25.00 inches and 29.46 × 27.01 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp97.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 42.10 × 25.00 inches and 29.46 × 27.01 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388499,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3593.htm"},{"id":260520,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0097/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":260519,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0097/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"63360","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Itasca County, Koochiching County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.0875,\n 47.9833\n ],\n [\n -93.7708,\n 47.9833\n ],\n [\n -93.7708,\n 47.7250\n ],\n [\n -93.0875,\n 47.7250\n ],\n [\n -93.0875,\n 47.9833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629ab5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meuschke, J. L.","contributorId":53349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuschke","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henderson, John R. Jr.","contributorId":96346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":63625,"text":"gp100 - 1953 - Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of northern Aitkin County, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-03T19:52:24.468681","indexId":"gp100","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"100","title":"Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of northern Aitkin County, Minnesota","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp100","usgsCitation":"Meuschke, J.L., and Henderson, J.R., 1953, Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of northern Aitkin County, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 100, 2 Plates: 43.83 × 36.00 inches and 39.79 × 27.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp100.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 43.83 × 36.00 inches and 39.79 × 27.82 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388854,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3009.htm"},{"id":260522,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0100/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":260521,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0100/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"63360","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Aitkin County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.7750,\n 46.5958\n ],\n [\n -93.1056,\n 46.5958\n ],\n [\n -93.1056,\n 47.0333\n ],\n [\n -93.7750,\n 47.0333\n ],\n [\n -93.7750,\n 46.5958\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629ad3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meuschke, J. L.","contributorId":53349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuschke","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henderson, John R. Jr.","contributorId":96346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4189,"text":"cir293 - 1953 - Coal resources of the United States (a progress report, October 1, 1953)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-14T14:02:59","indexId":"cir293","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"293","title":"Coal resources of the United States (a progress report, October 1, 1953)","docAbstract":"

As estimated in this second progress report, the coal reserves of the United States remaining in the ground on January 1, 1953, total 1,899,739 million tons. This figure is about a 20 percent reduction of the total estimate published in the first progress report (Averitt and Berryhill, 1950). The new total is based on new, detailed, conservative estimates of reserves in Indiana, Michigan, Montana, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Dakota, Virginia, and Wyoming, prepared since 1947 by the U. S. Geological Survey; on new provisional, but equally conservative estimates of reserves in Colorado, Maryland, and Georgia, based on previous work of the U. S. Geological Survey and other agencies; on estimates of reserves in Illinois, Kansas, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia, prepared by the geological surveys of those States; and on older and incompletely documented estimates for the remaining states.

The older estimates were prepared on a highly generalized basis and were intended to represent total possible reserves in both thick and thin beds and under both light and heavy overburden. The recent estimates have been prepared on a more conservative basis than the older estimates and tend to be considerably smaller. New conservative estimates have now been prepared for 16 coal-bearing States, which include about two-thirds of the total estimated reserves of the United States. As new estimates are prepared for the remaining States a further reduction of the total reserve figure is in prospect, though the reserves still will be large.

The estimated recoverable reserves of the United States as of January 1, 1953, total 949,870 million tons, based on the assumption that half of the coal reserves in the ground will be lost in mining, and half will be recovered. The distribution of the remaining and recoverable reserves by rank is shown in the accompanying table.

The reserves in 10 States have been classified in considerable detail according to thickness of beds, thickness of overburden, and relative abundance of reliable information available for making estimates. In these States, which are representative of several coal provinces, and contain about 40 percent of the total reserves, and are thus typical of the United States as a whole, 5 percent of the total is measured reserves in beds 28 inches or more thick, and less than 1,000 feet below the surface; and 20 percent is indicated reserves within the same limit of thickness and less than 2,000 feet below the surface. The remaining 75 percent is inferred reserves, reserves in thin beds, and reserves 2,000 to 3,000 feet below the surface.

The large percentage of inferred reserves obviously includes some coal in thick beds, which for lack of detailed information cannot be appraised quantitatively. Although accurately based on the data now available, the distribution percentages are subject to considerable change as new work is completed, particularly in the transfer of reserves from the indicated and inferred categories to the measured category. The figures serve, however, to indicate the present state of knowledge of the Nation's coal reserves, and they point to the need for additional geologic mapping and exploration.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir293","usgsCitation":"Averitt, P., Berryhill, L.R., and Taylor, D.A., 1953, Coal resources of the United States (a progress report, October 1, 1953): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 293, iv, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir293.","productDescription":"iv, 49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0293/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31303,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0293/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.06 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aee31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Averitt, Paul","contributorId":12464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Averitt","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berryhill, Louise R.","contributorId":37727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryhill","given":"Louise","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Dorothy A.","contributorId":32912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Dorothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":42837,"text":"ofr53138 - 1953 - Preliminary geologic map of Tiger Butte, Glasgow quadrangle, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:05","indexId":"ofr53138","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-138","title":"Preliminary geologic map of Tiger Butte, Glasgow quadrangle, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr53138","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1953, Preliminary geologic map of Tiger Butte, Glasgow quadrangle, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 53-138, 1 map :photocopy ;39 x 51 cm., on sheet 68 x 81cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr53138.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;39 x 51 cm., on sheet 68 x 81cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":80664,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0138/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bf2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51319,"text":"ofr53153 - 1953 - Topography of the pre-Pleistocene bedrock surface, Souris River area, North Dakota","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51319,"text":"ofr53153 - 1953 - Topography of the pre-Pleistocene bedrock surface, Souris River area, North Dakota","indexId":"ofr53153","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"Topography of the pre-Pleistocene bedrock surface, Souris River area, North Dakota"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":39047,"text":"pp325 - 1960 - Geology of the Souris River area, North Dakota","indexId":"pp325","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Souris River area, North Dakota"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":39047,"text":"pp325 - 1960 - Geology of the Souris River area, North Dakota","indexId":"pp325","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Souris River area, North Dakota"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-08T14:47:17.065886","indexId":"ofr53153","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-153","title":"Topography of the pre-Pleistocene bedrock surface, Souris River area, North Dakota","docAbstract":"

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D. E.","contributorId":69120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cardwell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4039,"text":"cir305 - 1953 - Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation in Idaho, 1949, part 2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:21","indexId":"cir305","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"305","title":"Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation in Idaho, 1949, part 2","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir305","usgsCitation":"Davidson, D., Smart, R., Peirce, H., and Weiser, J., 1953, Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation in Idaho, 1949, part 2: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 305, 28 p. :ill., map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir305.","productDescription":"28 p. :ill., map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0305/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31131,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0305/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davidson, D.F.","contributorId":68293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smart, R.A.","contributorId":6039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smart","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peirce, H.W.","contributorId":19935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peirce","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weiser, J.D.","contributorId":12458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiser","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":4075,"text":"cir290 - 1953 - Thorium investigations, 1950-52, Wet Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-29T20:52:33.0662","indexId":"cir290","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"290","title":"Thorium investigations, 1950-52, Wet Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir290","usgsCitation":"Christman, R.A., Heyman, A.M., Dellwig, L.F., and Gott, G.B., 1953, Thorium investigations, 1950-52, Wet Mountains, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 290, Report: iv, 40 p.; 5 Plates: 17.00 x 22.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir290.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 40 p.; 5 Plates: 17.00 x 22.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31169,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0290/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":31174,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0290/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":120874,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0290/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31173,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0290/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":31172,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0290/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":31171,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0290/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":31170,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0290/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":411191,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23648.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Wet Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.25,\n 38.275\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 38.133\n ],\n [\n -105.333,\n 38.133\n ],\n [\n -105.33,\n 38.275\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 38.275\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christman, Robert Adam","contributorId":104036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heyman, A. M.","contributorId":59016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heyman","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dellwig, L. F.","contributorId":43739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dellwig","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gott, G. B.","contributorId":94281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gott","given":"G.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":7529,"text":"ofr5336 - 1953 - Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation measured and sampled in 1952","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7529,"text":"ofr5336 - 1953 - Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation measured and sampled in 1952","indexId":"ofr5336","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation measured and sampled in 1952"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":3450,"text":"cir325 - 1954 - Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation in Wyoming, 1952","indexId":"cir325","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation in Wyoming, 1952"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":3450,"text":"cir325 - 1954 - Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation in Wyoming, 1952","indexId":"cir325","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation in Wyoming, 1952"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-30T16:51:33.704571","indexId":"ofr5336","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-36","title":"Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation measured and sampled in 1952","docAbstract":"

A series of reports presenting detailed stratigraphic sections and analyses of samples of the Phosphoria formation in the western phosphate field is being prepared for publication as U. S. Geological Survey Circulars. To speed the availability of these data to industry and others having immediate need for such basic information, many of the tables already typed and photographed were reproduced without text and placed on open file in advance of publication. This includes six reports of data gathered during the 1947 and 1948 field seasons.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5336","usgsCitation":"Cheney, T.M., Sheldon, R., Cressman, E.R., Smart, R., and Carswell, L., 1953, Stratigraphic sections of the Phosphoria formation measured and sampled in 1952 (Superceded by: Circular 325): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 53-36, iii, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5336.","productDescription":"iii, 26 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139984,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0036/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":489305,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0036/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Superceded by: Circular 325","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae514","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheney, Thomas McGiffin","contributorId":69006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheney","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"McGiffin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheldon, R.P.","contributorId":71158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheldon","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cressman, E. R.","contributorId":83494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cressman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smart, R.A.","contributorId":6039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smart","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carswell, L.D.","contributorId":6435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":4045,"text":"cir281 - 1953 - Bibliography of U.S. Geological Survey trace elements and related reports","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:27","indexId":"cir281","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"281","title":"Bibliography of U.S. Geological Survey trace elements and related reports","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir281","usgsCitation":"Curtis, D., and Houser, S., 1953, Bibliography of U.S. Geological Survey trace elements and related reports: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 281, 21 p. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir281.","productDescription":"21 p. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120956,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0281/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31137,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0281/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62979a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curtis, Diane","contributorId":39348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houser, Shirley Loleta Simpson","contributorId":18347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"Shirley Loleta Simpson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39184,"text":"pp254A - 1953 - American Upper Cretaceous Echinoidea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-14T20:04:08.218821","indexId":"pp254A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"254","chapter":"A","title":"American Upper Cretaceous Echinoidea","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Shorter contributions to general geology, 1953 (Professional Paper 254)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp254A","usgsCitation":"Cooke, C., 1953, American Upper Cretaceous Echinoidea: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 254, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp254A.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":484525,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92858.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":66733,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0254a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119598,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0254a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.6461,\n 41.3575\n ],\n [\n -106.6461,\n 25.8375\n ],\n [\n -73.8939,\n 25.8375\n ],\n [\n -73.8939,\n 41.3575\n ],\n [\n -106.6461,\n 41.3575\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686907","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooke, C.W.","contributorId":53437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooke","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048097,"text":"tei315 - 1953 - Preliminary report on uranium deposits in the Miller Hill area, Carbon County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-04T11:00:13","indexId":"tei315","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-23T11:52:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"315","title":"Preliminary report on uranium deposits in the Miller Hill area, Carbon County, Wyoming","docAbstract":"

A sequence of radioactive rocks of Miocene (?) age, the Browns Park formation, in the Miller Hill area of southern Wyoming is more than 1,000 feet thick. The formation crops out in an area of approximately 600 square miles, and consists of a basal conglomerate, tuffs, tuffaceous limy sandstones, and thin persistent radioactive algal limestones. Uranium is concentrated in both algal limestones and in tuffaceous limy sandstones. The uranium is believed to have been deposited. at least in part with the sediments, rather than to have come in at a later date. The highest uranium values were found in a widespread algal limestone bed, which contains as much as 0. 15 percent uranium. Values of 0.01 percent uranium or more were obtained from 8 samples taken from approximately 220 feet of stratigraphic section in the Browns Park formation. This is the first reported occurrence of limestone source rock from Wyoming that has been found to contain a commercial grade of uranium. The economic possibilities of the area have not been determined adequately and no estimates of tonnage are warranted at the present time. An airborne radiometric survey was made by the Geophysics Branch of the Geological Survey, of the west half of the area, recommended by the writer for investigation. Ground check of all anomalies reported at that time showed that they were in localities where the background radiation was much higher than average. Additional localities with high background radiation were found on the ground in the area east of that which was flown.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei315","usgsCitation":"Love, J.D., 1953, Preliminary report on uranium deposits in the Miller Hill area, Carbon County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 315, Report: 46 p.; Plate: 26.39 inches x 30.24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei315.","productDescription":"Report: 46 p.; Plate: 26.39 inches x 30.24 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/315/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":279893,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/315/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1"},{"id":279892,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/315/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Carbon County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.9326,41.0008 ], [ -107.9326,42.4349 ], [ -106.0708,42.4349 ], [ -106.0708,41.0008 ], [ -107.9326,41.0008 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52303f66e4b04b8e63a20667","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, J. D.","contributorId":64620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"J.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70114230,"text":"tei169 - 1953 - Radioactive deposits of Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T13:52:10","indexId":"tei169","displayToPublicDate":"1980-06-25T14:33:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"169","title":"Radioactive deposits of Nevada","docAbstract":"

Thirty-five occurrences of radioactive rocks had been reported from Nevada prior to 1952. Twenty-five of these had been investigated by the U. S. Geological Survey and the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. Of those investigated, uranium minerals were identified in 13; two contained a thorium mineral (monazite); the source of radioactivity on 7 properties was not ascertained; and one showed no abnormal radioactivity. Of the other reported occurrences, one is said to contain uraniferous hydrocarbons and 9 are placers containing thorian monazite.

\n
\n

Pitchblende occurs at two localities; the East Walker River area, and the Stalin's Present prospect, where it is sparsely disseminated in tabular bodies cutting granitic rocks. Other uranium minerals found in the state include: carnotite, tyuyamunite, autunite, torbernite, gummite, uranophane, kasolite, and an unidentified mineral which may be dumontit. Monazite is the only thorium mineral of possible economic importance that has been reported.

\n
\n

From an economic standpoint 9 only 4 of the properties examined showed reserves of uranium ore in 1952; these are: the Green Monster mine, which shipped 5 tons of ore to Marysvale, Utah, during 1951, the Majuba Hill mine, the Stalin's Present prospect, and the West Willys claim in the Washington district. Reserves of ore grade are small on all of these properties and probably cannot be developed commercially unless an ore-buying station is set up nearby. No estimate has been made of thorium reserves and no commercial deposits of thorium are known.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei169","usgsCitation":"Lovering, T., 1953, Radioactive deposits of Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 169, Report: 60 p.; Figures 1, 3-7: 15.40 x 17.35 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei169.","productDescription":"Report: 60 p.; Figures 1, 3-7: 15.40 x 17.35 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"61","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289944,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0169/figure-3.pdf"},{"id":289947,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0169/figure-5.pdf"},{"id":289946,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0169/figure-4.pdf"},{"id":289948,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0169/figure-6.pdf"},{"id":289943,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0169/figure-1.pdf"},{"id":289949,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0169/figure-7.pdf"},{"id":289950,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0169/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.01,35.0 ], [ -120.01,42.0 ], [ -114.04,42.0 ], [ -114.04,35.0 ], [ -120.01,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53aa9dfbe4b065055fab1677","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovering, T.G.","contributorId":55014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovering","given":"T.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048083,"text":"tei255 - 1953 - Radiometric reconnaissance in the Garfield and Taylor park quadrangles, Chaffee and Gunnison counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T14:15:56","indexId":"tei255","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-24T14:31:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"255","title":"Radiometric reconnaissance in the Garfield and Taylor park quadrangles, Chaffee and Gunnison counties, Colorado","docAbstract":"

During the summer of 1952 most of the mines and prospects in the Garfield and Taylor Park quadrangles of west-central Colorado were examined radiometrically by the U. S. Geological Survey to determine the extent, grade, and mode of occurrence of radioactive substances.

\n
\n

The region contains a relatively large number of rock types, chiefly pre-Cambrian schists, gneisses, and granites; large and small isolated areas of sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic and Mesozoic ages; and a great succession of intrusive rocks of Tertiary age that range from andesite to granite and occur as stocks, chonoliths, sills, dikes, and one batholith. The prevailing structures are northwest-trending folds and faults. Ores valued at about $30,000,000 have been produced from this region. Silver, lead, zinc, and gold have accounted for most of this value, but small tonnages of copper, tungsten, and molybdenum have also been produced. The principal ore minerals are sphalerite, silver-bearing galena, cerussite, smithsonite, and gold-bearing pyrite and limonite; they occur chiefly as replacement bodies in limestone and as shoots in pyritic quartz veins.

\n
\n

Anomalous radioactivity is uncommon and the four localities at which it is known are widely separated in space. The uranium content of samples from these localities is low. Brannerite, the only uranium-bearing mineral positively identified in the region, occurs sparingly in a few pegmatites and in one quartz-beryl-pyrite vein. Elsewhere radioactivity is associated with (l) black shale seams in the Manitou dolomite, (2) a quartz-pyrite-molybdenite vein, (3) a narrow border zone of oxidized material surrounding a small lead zinc ore body in the Manitou dolomite along a strong fault zone.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei255","collaboration":"Report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Dings, M., and Schafer, M., 1953, Radiometric reconnaissance in the Garfield and Taylor park quadrangles, Chaffee and Gunnison counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 255, Report: 22 p.; Plate 1: 17.03 inches x 18.58 inches; Plate 2: 17.14 inches x 19.56 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei255.","productDescription":"Report: 22 p.; Plate 1: 17.03 inches x 18.58 inches; Plate 2: 17.14 inches x 19.56 inches","numberOfPages":"24","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289965,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0255/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":289966,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0255/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":289967,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0255/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.0123,36.9938 ], [ -107.0123,39.0000 ], [ -104.848,39.0000 ], [ -104.848,36.9938 ], [ -107.0123,36.9938 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522f2576e4b091aa92f494ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dings, M.G.","contributorId":69047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dings","given":"M.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schafer, Max","contributorId":101174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schafer","given":"Max","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048085,"text":"tei256 - 1953 - The geology and mineralogy of the W. Wilson mine near Clancey, Jefferson County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-10T11:40:42","indexId":"tei256","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T15:52:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"256","title":"The geology and mineralogy of the W. Wilson mine near Clancey, Jefferson County, Montana","docAbstract":"The W. Wilson mine, near Clancey, Mont., explores a siliceous vein in quartz monzonite of the Boulder batholith. The vein is a composite structure that consists of several closely spaced veinlets of quartz and chalcedony separated by silicified quartz monzonite. The vein has been recurrently brecciated and silicified. Typically, the quartz monzonite has been hydrothermally altered in zones of decreasing intensity outward from the vein. Pitchblende was deposited in and along the vein during one stage of the silicification that is characterized by fine-grained disseminated pyrite in black chalcedony. Subsequently most of the pitchblende was oxidized and hydrated to form a series of brightly colored secondary uranium minerals that exhibit a zonal relationship. Most of the known uranium minerals are localized in two small elongate ore bodies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","doi":"10.3133/tei256","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. commission on Atomic Energy","usgsCitation":"Meschter, D., 1953, The geology and mineralogy of the W. Wilson mine near Clancey, Jefferson County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 256, Report: 35 p.; Plate 2: 14.23 inches x 10.39 inches; Plate 3: 28.49 inches x 26.73 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei256.","productDescription":"Report: 35 p.; Plate 2: 14.23 inches x 10.39 inches; Plate 3: 28.49 inches x 26.73 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":279903,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/256/plate-3.pdf"},{"id":279902,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/256/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":279901,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/256/report.pdf"},{"id":277436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/256/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.24388,46.2473 ], [ -112.24388,46.606998 ], [ -111.889572,46.606998 ], [ -111.889572,46.2473 ], [ -112.24388,46.2473 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522f2578e4b091aa92f494cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meschter, D.Y.","contributorId":14719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meschter","given":"D.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048201,"text":"tei349 - 1953 - Progress report of southeastern monazite exploration, 1952","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-02T08:02:47","indexId":"tei349","displayToPublicDate":"1970-09-14T14:42:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"349","title":"Progress report of southeastern monazite exploration, 1952","docAbstract":"Reconnaissance of placer monazite during the field season of 1952 covered 6,600 square miles drained by streams in the western Piedmont of Virginia 5 North Carolina, South Carolina,, and Georgia. Emphasis during this investigation was placed on the area between the Savannah River at the border of South Carolina and Georgia and the Catawba River in North Carolina because it contains most of the placers formerly mined for monaziteo Four other areas along the strike of the monazite-bearing crystalline rocks were also studied, They center around Mt. Airy, N.C., Athens, Ga. Griffin, Ga. and LaGrange, Ga. In the Savannah River Catawba River district, studies indicate that even the highest grade stream deposits of more than 10 million cubic yards of alluvium contain less than 1 pound of monazite per cubic yard. The average grade of the better deposits is about 0 0 5 pound of monazite per cubic yard. Only trace amounts of niobium, tantalum, and tin have been detected in the placers. Tungsten is absent. Locally gold adds a few cents per cubic yard to the value of placer ground. The best deposits range in size from 1 to 5 million cubic yards and contain 1 to 2 pounds of monazite to the cubic yard. Hundreds of placers smaller than 1 million cubic yards exceed 2 pounds of monazite to the cubic yard and locally attain an average of 10 pounds Monazite deposits around Athens, Ga., are similar to the smaller deposits in the central part of the Savannah River - Catawba River district. A few small very low-grade monazite placers were found near Mt. Airy, N.C., Griffin, Ga., and LaGrange Ga., but they are of no economic value. The larger the flood plain and the farther it lies from the source of the stream, the lower is the monazite content of the sediment. Monazite cannot be profitably mined .from the crystalline rocks in the five areas. The alluvial placers are in stream sediments of post-Wisconsin age. Some pre-Wisconsin terrace gravel of small areal extent is exposed but it contains only a small amount of monazite Pre-Wisconsin to early post-Wisconsin colluvial sediments locally contain 2 pounds of monazite to the cubic yard. Mode of presentation of reports covering field work during the seasons of 1951 - 52 is given. No further reconnaissance will be undertaken, in the western monazite belt.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei349","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the US Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Overstreet, W., Theobald, P.K., White, A.M., Cuppels, N., Caldwell, D.W., and Whitlow, J.W., 1953, Progress report of southeastern monazite exploration, 1952: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 349, Report: 105 p.; Plate 1: 29.50 inches x 17.12 inches; Plate 2: 77.36 inches x 41.81 inches; 28.59 inches x 21.02 inches; Plate 3: 25.15 inches x 15.28 inches; Plate 4: 25.15 inches x 15.28 inches; Plate 5: 13.20 inches x 19.40 inches; Plate 6: 18.58 inches x 23.61 inches; Plate 7: 25.66 inches x 35.85 inches; Plate 8: 24.44 inches x 36.13 inches; Plate 9: 16.57 inches x 22.52 inches; Plate 10: 14.14 inches x 13.90 inches; Plate 11: 18.31 inches x 14.30 inches; Plate 12: 12.49 inches x 18.14 inches; Plate 13: 14.82 inches x 22.59 inches; Plate 14: 37.89 inches x 27.94 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei349.","productDescription":"Report: 105 p.; Plate 1: 29.50 inches x 17.12 inches; Plate 2: 77.36 inches x 41.81 inches; 28.59 inches x 21.02 inches; Plate 3: 25.15 inches x 15.28 inches; Plate 4: 25.15 inches x 15.28 inches; Plate 5: 13.20 inches x 19.40 inches; Plate 6: 18.58 inches x 23.61 inches; Plate 7: 25.66 inches x 35.85 inches; Plate 8: 24.44 inches x 36.13 inches; Plate 9: 16.57 inches x 22.52 inches; Plate 10: 14.14 inches x 13.90 inches; Plate 11: 18.31 inches x 14.30 inches; Plate 12: 12.49 inches x 18.14 inches; Plate 13: 14.82 inches x 22.59 inches; Plate 14: 37.89 inches x 27.94 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":279874,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-01.pdf"},{"id":279875,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-02.pdf"},{"id":279876,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-03.pdf"},{"id":279873,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/report.pdf"},{"id":279877,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-04.pdf"},{"id":279878,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-05.pdf"},{"id":279879,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-06.pdf"},{"id":279880,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-07.pdf"},{"id":279881,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-08.pdf"},{"id":279882,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-09.pdf"},{"id":279883,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-10.pdf"},{"id":279884,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-11.pdf"},{"id":279885,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-12.pdf"},{"id":279886,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-13.pdf"},{"id":279887,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/349/plate-14.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia;North Carolina;South Carolina;Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.29,32.40 ], [ -85.29,36.79 ], [ -80.69,36.79 ], [ -80.69,32.40 ], [ -85.29,32.40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523979f6e4b04b9308ae4f71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overstreet, W.C.","contributorId":105294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Theobald, P. K. Jr.","contributorId":70398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, A. M.","contributorId":86778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cuppels, N. P.","contributorId":43039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuppels","given":"N. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Caldwell, D. W.","contributorId":27461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whitlow, J. W.","contributorId":63810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlow","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1014106,"text":"1014106 - 1953 - Therapy of bacterial fish diseases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-20T15:53:19.984876","indexId":"1014106","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Therapy of bacterial fish diseases","docAbstract":"

During the past decade considerable progress has been made in the therapy of bacterial fish diseases. This progress was possible largely because of the introduction of powerful chemotherapeutic agents such as sulfonamides and antibiotics.

Fish furunculosis can be treated with very good results with sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, and sulfaguanidine as well as by chloramphenicol and terramycin. Ulcer disease caused by Hemophilus piscium resists treatment with sulfonamides but responds well to the above mentioned antibiotics.

Chemotherapy of fish diseases caused by pseudomonads is possible with chloramphenicol, but sanitary measures are preferred. External disinfections with Roccal and pyridylmercuric acetate (PMA) are satisfactory in treatment and prophylaxis of gill diseases which are probably caused by superficial infections with myxobacteria. Sulfonamides are helpful in systemic infections with myxobacteria and are also being used with some success for the control of a recently described kidney disease of salmonold fishes.

Also described are methods of control of other fish diseases and of immunity in cold‐blooded animals and fishes. Most of the drugs in the described treatments may be toxic to fishes, and therefore should be used with caution.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1953)83[313:TOBFD]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Snieszko, S.F., 1953, Therapy of bacterial fish diseases: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 83, no. 1, p. 313-330, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1953)83[313:TOBFD]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"330","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129298,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4bde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snieszko, S. F.","contributorId":13169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snieszko","given":"S.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70217837,"text":"70217837 - 1953 - The Crystal Structure of KVO3·H2O","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-05T18:02:36.669216","indexId":"70217837","displayToPublicDate":"1953-12-31T11:58:37","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2207,"text":"Journal of Chemical Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The Crystal Structure of KVO3·H2O","title":"The Crystal Structure of KVO3·H2O","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Physics","doi":"10.1063/1.1699125","usgsCitation":"Christ, C., Clark, J., and Evans, H.T., 1953, The Crystal Structure of KVO3·H2O: Journal of Chemical Physics, v. 21, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1699125.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1114","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christ, C. L.","contributorId":53906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christ","given":"C. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Joan R.","contributorId":71648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joan R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, H. T. Jr.","contributorId":41859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70206754,"text":"70206754 - 1953 - Beaverhead formation, a Laramide deposit in Beaverhead County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-21T08:30:28","indexId":"70206754","displayToPublicDate":"1953-12-31T08:18:51","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":" Beaverhead formation, a Laramide deposit in Beaverhead County, Montana","docAbstract":"

The name Beaverhead formation is proposed for a thick sequence of conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and limestone that crops out over an area of at least 400 square miles in Beaverhead County, Montana, extends southward across the Montana-Idaho boundary, and may extend eastward into Madison County. These rocks are clearly sedimentary by-products of the Laramide orogeny and probably range from late Cretaceous to early Eocene. The Beaverhead formations consists predominantly of conglomerate. In part of the area, an upper and a lower conglomerate member are separated by a middle member of limestone. Where the limestone member is inconspicuous or absent, the upper and lower conglomerate members cannot be differentiated. The most nearly complete and best-exposed known section of the Beaverhead formation, designated the type section, is near the mouth of McKnight Canyon, 6 miles west of Dell, Montana. Here the formation can be divided into four mappable units; elsewhere no more than three units can be recognized. In the McKnight Canyon section, the top and bottom members are dominantly conglomerate, composed of pebbles, cobbles, and subordinate boulders set in a sandy matrix cemented by calcite; breccia beds occur locally. This coarse debris was derived from rocks of Precambrian, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic age and consists largely of limestone and quartzite. The intermediate member consists of two mappable units: a lower thick, massive limestone, locally concretionary, and an upper sequence of interbedded siltstone, sandstone, arkose, limestone, and subordinate conglomerate. At McKnight Canyon, where the base and the top of the formation have been faulted and eroded, the exposed thickness of the section is approximately 9700 feet. The Beaverhead formation rests unconformably on rocks as young as the Colorado group and as old as early Paleozoic, and it probably rests unconformably upon rocks as young as the Montana group and as old as Precambrian. It is unconformably overlain by vertebrate-bearing fluviatile or lacustrine tuffaceous beds of Eocene and Oligocene age. The coarse debris that composes the formation was eroded from nearby mountains that were uplifted in Late Cretaceous, Paleocene, and early Eocene time, and was deposited in basins adjacent to these mountains. The resulting rocks, a product of Laramide orogeny, were later folded and displaced by overthrusting and block faulting. In places, these rocks are overlain by thrust sheets of Paleozoic rocks. © 1953, The Geological Society of America, Inc.

","language":"English ","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1953)64[235:BFALDI]2.0.CO;2","issn":" 00167606","usgsCitation":"Lowell, W., and Klepper, M.R., 1953, Beaverhead formation, a Laramide deposit in Beaverhead County, Montana: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 64, no. 2, p. 235-244, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1953)64[235:BFALDI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"235","endPage":"244","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369374,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","state":"Montana 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W.R.","contributorId":31381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowell","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klepper, M. R.","contributorId":64278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klepper","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221525,"text":"70221525 - 1953 - Geology of the west-central part of the Gunnison Plateau, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-21T18:06:47.064915","indexId":"70221525","displayToPublicDate":"1953-12-01T12:59:32","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of the west-central part of the Gunnison Plateau, Utah","docAbstract":"

A detailed study of the west-central part of the Gunnison Plateau, Utah, has disclosed stratigraphic and structural relations important in the geological history of central Utah. The area mapped includes the eastern half of the Axtell No. 2 quadrangle, Manti area (U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service).

The bedrock ranges in age from the Arapien shale (Upper Jurassic) to the Green River formation (Eocene). The North Horn formation (Cretaceous-Tertiary), the Flagstaff limestone (Paleocene-Eocene), and the Green River formation (Eocene) successively overlap the Arapien shale and the Indianola group in the northern part of the area. In the southern part of the area, the North Horn formation and the Flagstaff limestone successively overlap the Price River conglomerate with angular discordance. The latter relation establishes a post-Price River and pre-North Horn orogenic movement in central Utah.

A conspicuous west-dipping monocline, broken by many high-angle faults and a graben, extends along most of the western margin of the area. This structure is similar to the monocline and graben in the Wasatch Plateau to the east. At one point in the northern part of the area, the North Horn and the overlying Flagstaff oppose the Arapien shale across a high-angle fault. The Green River formation extends across the fault and overlaps the Arapien. This relation suggests faulting between Flagstaff and Green River time because the Colton formation, which normally occurs between the Flagstaff and Green River, cannot be differentiated in this immediate area.

Numerous small intrusive masses of monzonite porphyry of post-Upper Jurassic age occur in the Arapien shale.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1953)64[1261:GOTWPO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hardy, C.T., and Zeller, H., 1953, Geology of the west-central part of the Gunnison Plateau, Utah: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 64, no. 11, p. 1261-1278, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1953)64[1261:GOTWPO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1261","endPage":"1278","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Gunnison Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.02484130859375,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -111.62384033203124,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -111.62384033203124,\n 39.544293973019904\n ],\n [\n -112.02484130859375,\n 39.544293973019904\n ],\n [\n -112.02484130859375,\n 38.95940879245423\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hardy, Clyde T.","contributorId":260420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardy","given":"Clyde","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zeller, Howard D.","contributorId":65526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeller","given":"Howard D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221523,"text":"70221523 - 1953 - The ER-55 projector for aerial mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-21T17:44:25.578789","indexId":"70221523","displayToPublicDate":"1953-12-01T12:41:42","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The ER-55 projector for aerial mapping","docAbstract":"

No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.118.3069.484","usgsCitation":"Bean, R., 1953, The ER-55 projector for aerial mapping: Science, v. 118, no. 3069, p. 484-486, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.118.3069.484.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"484","endPage":"486","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3069","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bean, R.K.","contributorId":57208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bean","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221522,"text":"70221522 - 1953 - Limestone walls of Okinawa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-21T17:38:43.129989","indexId":"70221522","displayToPublicDate":"1953-12-01T12:32:27","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limestone walls of Okinawa","docAbstract":"

Wall-like ridges of limestone that stand well above the surrounding terrain are an interesting phenomenon on the island of Okinawa. These ridges rim a variety of topographic features, but all are believed to represent the same formative processes. Rimming ridges or walls occur along the banks of streams crossing areas of limestone, along the upthrown sides of faults, around a sink hole, and along terrace edges.

The limestone walls of Okinawa are believed to have formed by the cementation, or casehardening, of steep exposures of poorly consolidated limestone, followed by differential erosion which brings the cemented zones into relief. Cementation occurs wherever poorly consolidated limestone is exposed to alternate wetting and drying. It is best developed, however, on steeply sloping exposures where no soil accumulates to hinder drying. Differential erosion results in part from slower solution of cemented limestone, due to its greater density, and in part from accelerated solution in the surrounding soil-covered areas.

Rampart walls along the seaward edges of terraces have been described from many Pacific islands and are present on many others. They are believed to be comparable to the walls of Okinawa and all are believed to have been formed under similar conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1953)64[1247:LWOO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Flint, D., Corwin, G., Dings, M., Fuller, W., MacNeil, F., and Saplis, R.A., 1953, Limestone walls of Okinawa: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 64, no. 11, p. 1247-1260, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1953)64[1247:LWOO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1247","endPage":"1260","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386617,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Okinawa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 127.19970703125,\n 25.671235828577043\n ],\n [\n 128.551025390625,\n 25.671235828577043\n ],\n [\n 128.551025390625,\n 27.176469131898898\n ],\n [\n 127.19970703125,\n 27.176469131898898\n ],\n [\n 127.19970703125,\n 25.671235828577043\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, D.E.","contributorId":6401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corwin, Gilbert","contributorId":28600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corwin","given":"Gilbert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dings, M.G.","contributorId":69047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dings","given":"M.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuller, W.P.","contributorId":260419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuller","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"MacNeil, F. S.","contributorId":34564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNeil","given":"F. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Saplis, Raymond A.","contributorId":9107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saplis","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70207421,"text":"70207421 - 1953 - Iron deposits of the congonhas district, minas Gerais, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T09:49:30","indexId":"70207421","displayToPublicDate":"1953-12-01T09:47:16","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Iron deposits of the congonhas district, minas Gerais, Brazil","docAbstract":"

Various origins have been proposed for the itabirite and associated hematite ores of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Brazilian Departamento Nacional da Produqao Mineral, has undertaken a comprehensive program of mapping of these Precambrian deposits, which bear many similarities to other Precambrian iron formations. Itabirite is a finely laminated quartz-iron oxide rock with more or less dolomite, corresponding to James's oxide facies. It occurs principally in the middle group of the Minas series-a eugeosynclinal assemblage of quartzite, schist, chemical precipitates, graywacke, and volcanic rocks. Iron and silica were precipitated rhythmically in a shallow restricted basin under somewhat acid conditions that inhibited the precipitation of carbonates. Erosion of moderately deformed rocks of the Minas series furnished sediments for the overlying conglomeratic Itacolumi series. Severe post-Itacolumi deformation folded and thrust-faulted rocks of both series; the accompanying regional metamorphism recrystallized the chert and iron oxide to quartz, specular hematite, and minor amounts of magnetite. Ultramafic intrusions antedate this diastrophism; granodiorites and various basic dike rocks are younger. Hydrothermal replacement of breccia zones in itabirite and of dolomitic beds associated with the iron formation produced high-grade specular hematite ore nearly free of impurities. The areal distribution of the deposits indicates that the solutions followed fault zones. Heated meteoric water may have been responsible for the replacement, as minerals of obvious magmatic origin are absent. Since early Tertiary time the area has been uplifted several thousand feet. Leaching and cementation related to the present surface have modified both the iron formation and the hematite deposits, giving rise to various types of commercial ore. © 1953 Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.48.8.639","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Guild, P.W., 1953, Iron deposits of the congonhas district, minas Gerais, Brazil: Economic Geology, v. 48, no. 8, p. 639-676, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.48.8.639.","productDescription":"38 p. 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