A method is presented for the distillation and photometric estimation of the oil yield of oil-bearing shales. The oil shale is distilled in a closed test tube and the oil extracted with toluene. The optical density of the toluene extract is used in the estimation of oil content and is converted to percentage of oil by reference to a standard curve. This curve is obtained by relating the oil yields determined by the Fischer assay method to the optical density of the toluene extract of the oil evolved by the new procedure. The new method gives results similar to those obtained by the Fischer assay method in a much shorter time. The applicability of the new method to oil-bearing shale and phosphatic shale has been tested.
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1951 - Reserves of phosphate in the land-pebble phosphate field, Hardee, Hillsborough, Manatee, Osceola, Pasco, and Polk counties, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T09:49:44","indexId":"tei141","displayToPublicDate":"2010-07-10T13:28:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"141","title":"Reserves of phosphate in the land-pebble phosphate field, Hardee, Hillsborough, Manatee, Osceola, Pasco, and Polk counties, Florida","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei141","usgsCitation":"Cathcart, J.B., Tillman, C., and Dutro, H., 1951, Reserves of phosphate in the land-pebble phosphate field, Hardee, Hillsborough, Manatee, Osceola, Pasco, and Polk counties, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 141, 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei141.","productDescription":"116 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Hardee County;Hillsborough County;Manatee County;Osceola County;Pasco County;Polk County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.6349,24.3963 ], [ -87.6349,31.001 ], [ -79.9743,31.001 ], [ -79.9743,24.3963 ], [ -87.6349,24.3963 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ecf1e4b065ccca5fe4fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cathcart, James Bachelder","contributorId":19540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathcart","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Bachelder","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillman, C.G.","contributorId":89808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dutro, H.B.","contributorId":22698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutro","given":"H.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5220059,"text":"5220059 - 1951 - In Memoriam: Albert Kenrick Fisher","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T12:11:20","indexId":"5220059","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:35","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In Memoriam: Albert Kenrick Fisher","docAbstract":"Dr. Albert Kenrick Fisher, a Founder and Past President of the American Ornithologists' Union and one of its best known Fellows for nearly 65 years, died in Washington, D. C. on June 12, 1948, after a brief illness from circulatory complications that developed as a result of advanced age.
With his passing, the American Ornithologists' Union has lost one of its last links with that eminent group of bird students who founded this organization in the autumn of 1883.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4081186","usgsCitation":"Uhler, F., 1951, In Memoriam: Albert Kenrick Fisher: The Auk, v. 68, no. 2, p. 210-213, https://doi.org/10.2307/4081186.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"210","endPage":"213","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480436,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4081186","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":193571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5af5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uhler, F.M.","contributorId":81965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uhler","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5220092,"text":"5220092 - 1951 - Occurrence and identification of the prairie deer-mouse in central Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:41","indexId":"5220092","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:20","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3147,"text":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and identification of the prairie deer-mouse in central Maryland","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Stickel, W.H., 1951, Occurrence and identification of the prairie deer-mouse in central Maryland: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, v. 64, p. 25-31.","productDescription":"25-31","startPage":"25","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6961ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stickel, W. H.","contributorId":23239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5220030,"text":"5220030 - 1951 - Summary of Maryland nest records, 1950","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:34","indexId":"5220030","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:20","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2687,"text":"Maryland Birdlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summary of Maryland nest records, 1950","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Maryland Birdlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Webster, H., 1951, Summary of Maryland nest records, 1950: Maryland Birdlife, v. 7, no. 1, p. 8-16.","productDescription":"8-16","startPage":"8","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6994f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webster, H.L.","contributorId":7380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222596,"text":"5222596 - 1951 - Biological effects of DDT applications on tidal salt marshes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:43","indexId":"5222596","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:20","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3637,"text":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological effects of DDT applications on tidal salt marshes","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Springer, P.F., and Webster, J., 1951, Biological effects of DDT applications on tidal salt marshes: Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference, v. 16, p. 383-397.","productDescription":"383-397","startPage":"383","endPage":"397","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db623486","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Springer, P. F.","contributorId":56590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Springer","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webster, J.R.","contributorId":74475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220632,"text":"5220632 - 1951 - Distinctions between the snake genera Contia and Eirenis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5220632","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:20","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinctions between the snake genera Contia and Eirenis","docAbstract":"Summary: Various workers have believed Contia to be related to or congeneric with either or both Sonora and Eirenis, the latter a genus of Western Asia. Study of hemipenes, teeth, and jaws indicates that these genera are not related to one another. The hemipenes of Eirenis modesta and Contia tenuis are described. \tEirenis is thought to be a derivative of the racer group. \tRelationships of Contia are unknown. 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This information was obtained in connection with investigations of the effective control by breeding birds of an infestation of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4080843","usgsCitation":"Stewart, R.E., and Aldrich, J., 1951, Removal and repopulation of breeding birds in a spruce-fir forest community: The Auk, v. 68, no. 4, p. 471-482, https://doi.org/10.2307/4080843.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"471","endPage":"482","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480437,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4080843","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":193588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634251","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, R. 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The field work was started in 1949 and the current project was a continuation. The entomological phase of the study during both seasons was conducted under the supervision of Philip B. Dowden and V. M. Carolin of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine; the initial bird population study was made by John W. Aldrich and Robert E. Stewart of the Fish and Wildlife Service (See page 471 of this issue of 'The Auk').
Many data were accumulated concerning bird population dynamics during the initial study. To compare the results of the two seasons and to present other significant facts, additional data are presented here.
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