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No abstract available.

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No abstract available.

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The Western Molybdenum Company mine was opened many years ago to obtain copper. The only production was several cars of crude copper ore shipped during World War I. An unsuccessful attempt to produce molybdenum was made in 1939-1941.

The deposit consists of steeply dipping, northeast-striking veins in monzonite and marble, carrying molybdenite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, scheelite, and some quartz. Northwest- striking faults cut and offset the veins as much as 10 feet. The main vein, which contains all the known ore, is developed by four levels to a depth of 293 feet. It contains ore shoots from a few inches to 4 feet wide and up to 130 feet long, carrying about 1 percent MoS2, 1 percent Cu, and 0.15 percent W03.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5020","usgsCitation":"Cooper, J.R., 1950, Western Molybdenum Company mine, Chewelah district, Stevens County, Washington (Superceded by: WA Div. of Mines and Geology, Report RI-18, 1954): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-20, Report: 13 p.; 7 Plates: 28.96 x 10.94 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5020.","productDescription":"Report: 13 p.; 7 Plates: 28.96 x 10.94 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431088,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431087,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431086,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431085,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431084,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431083,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431082,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":431081,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147024,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0020/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Stevens County","otherGeospatial":"Chewelah district","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.75,48.25 ], [ -117.75,48.3675 ], [ -117.61749999999999,48.3675 ], [ -117.61749999999999,48.25 ], [ -117.75,48.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Superceded by: WA Div. of Mines and Geology, Report RI-18, 1954","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooper, John Roberts","contributorId":62586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Roberts","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":72401,"text":"tei57B - 1950 - Trace elements reconnaissance in the lower Colleen River valley, upper Yukon Division, Alaska [Part 2]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:59","indexId":"tei57B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57","chapter":"B","title":"Trace elements reconnaissance in the lower Colleen River valley, upper Yukon Division, Alaska [Part 2]","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tei57B","usgsCitation":"White, M., 1950, Trace elements reconnaissance in the lower Colleen River valley, upper Yukon Division, Alaska [Part 2]: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 57, 5 p., 1 fig., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei57B.","productDescription":"5 p., 1 fig.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/057b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":91117,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/057b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627e5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, M.G.","contributorId":52953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":72450,"text":"tei78 - 1950 - Characteristics of radioactive carbonaceous and bituminous shales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:01","indexId":"tei78","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78","title":"Characteristics of radioactive carbonaceous and bituminous shales","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tei78","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1950, Characteristics of radioactive carbonaceous and bituminous shales: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 78, 23 p., 4 fig. [missing], https://doi.org/10.3133/tei78.","productDescription":"23 p., 4 fig. [missing]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/078/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":91165,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4f81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52998,"text":"ofr5011 - 1950 - Notes to accompany preliminary geologic map of Fairfax, Virginia and (part) Seneca, Virginia-Maryland quadrangles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:26","indexId":"ofr5011","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-11","title":"Notes to accompany preliminary geologic map of Fairfax, Virginia and (part) Seneca, Virginia-Maryland quadrangles","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5011","usgsCitation":"Bennison, A., and Milton, C., 1950, Notes to accompany preliminary geologic map of Fairfax, Virginia and (part) Seneca, Virginia-Maryland quadrangles: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-11, 1 leaf : map ; 53 x 45 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5011.","productDescription":"1 leaf : map ; 53 x 45 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0011/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87098,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0011/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87099,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0011/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696945","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennison, Allan P.","contributorId":99430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennison","given":"Allan P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milton, Charles","contributorId":13616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milton","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52952,"text":"ofr5073 - 1950 - Contour map showing altitude of bedrock surface in southern Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr5073","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-73","title":"Contour map showing altitude of bedrock surface in southern Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5073","usgsCitation":"Graham, J., 1950, Contour map showing altitude of bedrock surface in southern Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-73, 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5073.","productDescription":"1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69852d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graham, J.B.","contributorId":13308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52995,"text":"ofr50112 - 1950 - Reconnaissance of Lake Chackachamna, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-08T22:19:25.895873","indexId":"ofr50112","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-112","title":"Reconnaissance of Lake Chackachamna, Alaska","docAbstract":"

The purpose of this brief investigation was to obtain general information on Lake Chackachamna and its water-power possibilities which would serve as a guide in planning and executing future studies. Field investigation consisted of a flight to the lake in a small float plane (see Plate I-B) by the writer on August 3, 1948, landing on the lake near the outlet, making a brief study of conditions there and taking a number of pictures of which several are included in this report with appropriate descriptions. The flight was made with Jack Carr of Anchorage from whom the plane was chartered. It was rather windy at time of landing on the lake and as the wind velocity was increasing Mr. Carr recommended that the stay there be made as short as possible and was consequently less than an hour.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr50112","usgsCitation":"Johnson, A., 1950, Reconnaissance of Lake Chackachamna, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-112, i, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr50112.","productDescription":"i, 8 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178865,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0112/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":419627,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Lake Chackachamna","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.1489764503599,\n 61.239478711059064\n ],\n [\n -153.1489764503599,\n 61.13728135841717\n ],\n [\n -152.2897280290459,\n 61.13728135841717\n ],\n [\n -152.2897280290459,\n 61.239478711059064\n ],\n [\n -153.1489764503599,\n 61.239478711059064\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63e58e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Arthur","contributorId":76720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Arthur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52992,"text":"ofr50109 - 1950 - Memorandum on possibility of developing ground water for irrigation along Toc Chinlin Wash near Emmanuel Mission, Navajo Indian Reservation, Apache County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-15T07:21:27","indexId":"ofr50109","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-109","title":"Memorandum on possibility of developing ground water for irrigation along Toc Chinlin Wash near Emmanuel Mission, Navajo Indian Reservation, Apache County, Arizona","docAbstract":"On November 21, 1949, the writers accompanied Mr. Chester Wilson of the Navajo Service Water Supply Office to Emmanuel Mission, Arizona, to investigate the adequacy of ground-water supplies adequate for irrigation along Toc Chinlin Wash. The investigation was made as part of the ground-water studies of the Geological Survey on the Navajo Indiana Reservation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/ofr50109","usgsCitation":"Whitcomb, H., and Repenning, C., 1950, Memorandum on possibility of developing ground water for irrigation along Toc Chinlin Wash near Emmanuel Mission, Navajo Indian Reservation, Apache County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-109, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr50109.","productDescription":"3 p.","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287190,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0109/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":287189,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0109/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Apache County","otherGeospatial":"Emmanuel Mission;Navajo Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.0011,33.4757 ], [ -110.0011,36.9993 ], [ -109.0452,36.9993 ], [ -109.0452,33.4757 ], [ -110.0011,33.4757 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613dea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitcomb, H.A.","contributorId":62676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitcomb","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Repenning, C.A.","contributorId":56700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repenning","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52990,"text":"ofr5010 - 1950 - Memorandum on location of proposed well 15 miles north of Crown Point, McKinley County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:36","indexId":"ofr5010","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-10","title":"Memorandum on location of proposed well 15 miles north of Crown Point, McKinley County, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5010","usgsCitation":"Whitcomb, H., and Repenning, C., 1950, Memorandum on location of proposed well 15 miles north of Crown Point, McKinley County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-10, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5010.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87097,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613ddf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitcomb, H.A.","contributorId":62676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitcomb","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Repenning, C.A.","contributorId":56700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repenning","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52987,"text":"ofr50105 - 1950 - Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1948","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52987,"text":"ofr50105 - 1950 - Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1948","indexId":"ofr50105","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"title":"Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1948"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":801,"text":"wsp1170 - 1953 - Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1950, Part 6, Southwestern States and Hawaii","indexId":"wsp1170","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1950, Part 6, Southwestern States and Hawaii"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":801,"text":"wsp1170 - 1953 - Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1950, Part 6, Southwestern States and Hawaii","indexId":"wsp1170","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1950, Part 6, Southwestern States and Hawaii"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr50105","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-105","title":"Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1948","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr50105","usgsCitation":"Warren, M., 1950, Water levels in observation wells in Santa Barbara County, California, in 1948: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-105, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr50105.","productDescription":"57 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9dbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warren, M.A.","contributorId":106564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52979,"text":"ofr5098 - 1950 - Progress report: chemical character of surface waters in the Devils Lake Basin, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T07:30:38","indexId":"ofr5098","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-98","title":"Progress report: chemical character of surface waters in the Devils Lake Basin, North Dakota","docAbstract":"

Devils Lake in northeastern North Dakota was at one time the most popular summer resort in the state. With decline in lake level the lake has become a shallow body pf vary saline water, which scenic value and recreational appeal completely destroyed. Under the Missouri River development program, it is proposed to restore the lake level to an altitude of 1,425 feet by diversion of Missouri River water.

\n
\n

The chemical character of the water in Devils Lake and in other surface bodies in Devils Lake Basin is determined from the analyses of 95 samples. The physical and chemical properties of lake bed deposits are also shown. Lake water in the basin vary considerable in both concentration and composition, ranging from fresh bicarbonate waters of 300 parts per million dissolved solids to sulfate waters of over 100,000 parts per million of soluble salts. Twenty-four samples indicates the chemical character of water in the Red River of the North and its tributaries.

\n
\n

The probable concentration of dissolved solids in water of Devils Lake at altitude 1,425 feet has been estimated as ranging from 3,000 to 7,600 parts per million. Final concentration will largely depend upon the percentage of deposited salts reentering solution and the quality of the inflow water.

\n
\n

The possible effects of lake effluents on downstream developments, with particular reference to sanitation and pollution problems, are also discussed in this report.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5098","collaboration":"Compiled as part of program of Interior Department for development of Missouri River Basin","usgsCitation":"Swenson, H.A., 1950, Progress report: chemical character of surface waters in the Devils Lake Basin, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-98, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5098.","productDescription":"46 p.","numberOfPages":"63","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287345,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0098/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Devils Lake Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.0,47.0 ], [ -100.0,49.0 ], [ -97.0,49.0 ], [ -97.0,47.0 ], [ -100.0,47.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65da98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swenson, Herbert A.","contributorId":93461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52977,"text":"ofr5096 - 1950 - Additional water wells at Fort Belvoir, Virginia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52977,"text":"ofr5096 - 1950 - Additional water wells at Fort Belvoir, Virginia","indexId":"ofr5096","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"title":"Additional water wells at Fort Belvoir, Virginia"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1297,"text":"wsp1586A - 1961 - Water quality and hydrology in the Fort Belvoir area, Virginia, 1954-55","indexId":"wsp1586A","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Water quality and hydrology in the Fort Belvoir area, Virginia, 1954-55"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1297,"text":"wsp1586A - 1961 - Water quality and hydrology in the Fort Belvoir area, Virginia, 1954-55","indexId":"wsp1586A","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"title":"Water quality and hydrology in the Fort Belvoir area, Virginia, 1954-55"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr5096","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-96","title":"Additional water wells at Fort Belvoir, Virginia","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5096","usgsCitation":"Sinnott, A., 1950, Additional water wells at Fort Belvoir, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-96, 7 p., 2 plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5096.","productDescription":"7 p., 2 plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6996dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sinnott, Allen","contributorId":15995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinnott","given":"Allen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52970,"text":"ofr5089 - 1950 - Water supply of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-15T07:04:19","indexId":"ofr5089","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-89","title":"Water supply of the United States","docAbstract":"The front pages of the press throughout the country during the past several weeks have dramatized the critical water shortages in many parts of the Nation. The concerns that has grown in recent years over the future of our water supplies has been forcibly brought to the attention of the public by the water shortage that New York City is experiencing. This shortage is not the dirt that has affected an American community and it probably is not the most serious. Ample sources of additional water are known to exist in Upstate New York, and in all probability construction that will bring this water to the city will be pushed as rapidly as possible. Nevertheless, the fact that our largest city, the center of our business life, has an acute water shortage, even though it may only be temporary, causes everyone to realize something of the importance that water has in our national life and out national economy and security. In nearly every state of the Union, one or more communities now has or has had water problems as serious as or more serious than that which now faces New York City. These problems are springing up in increasing numbers, and it is high time that orderly and systematic consideration be given to their solutions and to the avoidance of as many such problems as possible in the future. If the crisis in New York services to bring this fact into national focus, New York's misfortune may in the long run be a blessing in disguise.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5089","usgsCitation":"Paulsen, C., 1950, Water supply of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-89, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5089.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287185,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0089/report.pdf"},{"id":287186,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0089/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4936e4b07f02db5850df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulsen, Carl G.","contributorId":106865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulsen","given":"Carl G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52968,"text":"ofr5087 - 1950 - Ground-water resources of the Mt. Savage area, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-25T09:38:41","indexId":"ofr5087","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-87","title":"Ground-water resources of the Mt. Savage area, Maryland","docAbstract":"A law providing for the establishment of sanitary district in Allegany Count was passed by the Maryland State Legislature in 1949. In connection with the establishment of these district a commission, called the Allegany County Metropolitan Commission, was appointed on January 1, 1950. This commission is considering the construction of a new public water-supply system for the Mt. Savage Sanitary District, and this report was prepared in response to their request for information on the ground-water resources of the area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5087","usgsCitation":"Overbeck, R.M., 1950, Ground-water resources of the Mt. Savage area, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-87, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5087.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286597,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0087/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","city":"Mt. Savage","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.895752,39.687056 ], [ -78.895752,39.704227 ], [ -78.863737,39.704227 ], [ -78.863737,39.687056 ], [ -78.895752,39.687056 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a9ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overbeck, R. M.","contributorId":90356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overbeck","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52965,"text":"ofr5085 - 1950 - Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the Riverton Irrigation Project, Wyoming","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52965,"text":"ofr5085 - 1950 - Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the Riverton Irrigation Project, Wyoming","indexId":"ofr5085","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"title":"Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the Riverton Irrigation Project, Wyoming"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2336,"text":"wsp1375 - 1959 - Ground-water resources of Riverton irrigation project area, Wyoming, with a section on chemical quality of ground water","indexId":"wsp1375","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources of Riverton irrigation project area, Wyoming, with a section on chemical quality of ground water"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2336,"text":"wsp1375 - 1959 - Ground-water resources of Riverton irrigation project area, Wyoming, with a section on chemical quality of ground water","indexId":"wsp1375","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources of Riverton irrigation project area, Wyoming, with a section on chemical quality of ground water"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr5085","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-85","title":"Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the Riverton Irrigation Project, Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5085","usgsCitation":"Morris, D.A., and Durum, W.H., 1950, Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the Riverton Irrigation Project, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-85, 108 p., 4 plates, 12 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5085.","productDescription":"108 p., 4 plates, 12 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65de17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morris, D. A.","contributorId":56204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durum, W. H.","contributorId":78311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durum","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52963,"text":"ofr5083 - 1950 - Withdrawal of ground water and pond water on Long Island from 1904 to 1949","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-25T09:31:23","indexId":"ofr5083","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-83","title":"Withdrawal of ground water and pond water on Long Island from 1904 to 1949","docAbstract":"For more than 50 years the highly productive and readily replenishable water-bearing sands and gravels on Long Island -- capable of yielding an average of at least 1,000 million gallons a day -- and also some surface streams and ponds have been utilized on a large scale of public water supply and industrial, agricultural and domestic uses. During the drought months of 1949, when many surface and groundwater supplied were being depleted at an alarming rate in many localities in the Northeast, the abundant water resources of Long Island provided sufficient water for public water supply for a large number of private companies and municipalities, as well as for large emergency drafts by the City of New York. In addition they kept industrial concerns from curtailing production, saved millions of dollars of potato, cauliflower, and other Long Island crops, and even furnished, during the summer heat, comfort cooling and theatergoers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mineola, NY","doi":"10.3133/ofr5083","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York Water Power and Control Commission, Nassau County Department of Public Works, Suffolk County Board of Supervisors, Suffolk County Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Lusczynski, N.J., 1950, Withdrawal of ground water and pond water on Long Island from 1904 to 1949: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-83, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5083.","productDescription":"5 p.","numberOfPages":"5","temporalStart":"1904-01-01","temporalEnd":"1949-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286593,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286592,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0083/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Long Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.0419,40.5418 ], [ -74.0419,41.1408 ], [ -71.8563,41.1408 ], [ -71.8563,40.5418 ], [ -74.0419,40.5418 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5df9be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lusczynski, Norbert J.","contributorId":93465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lusczynski","given":"Norbert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52958,"text":"ofr5078 - 1950 - Chemical composition of Texas surface waters, 1949","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T11:16:37","indexId":"ofr5078","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-78","title":"Chemical composition of Texas surface waters, 1949","docAbstract":"

This report is the fifth the a series of publications by the Texas Board of Water Engineers giving chemical analyses of the surface waters in the State of Texas. The samples for which data are given were collected between October 1, 1948 and September 30, 1949. During the water year 25 daily sampling stations were maintained by the Geological Survey. Sampled were collected less frequently during the year at many other points. Quality of water records for previous years can be found in the following reports: \"Chemical Composition of Texas Surface Waters, 1938-1945,\" by W. W. Hastings, and J. H. Rowley; \"Chemical Composition of Texas Surface Waters, 1946,\" by W. W. Hastings and B. Irelan; \"Chemical Composition of Texas Surface Waters, 1947,\" by B. Irelan and J. R. Avrett; \"Chemical Composition of Texas Surface Waters, 1948,\" by B. Irelan, D. E. Weaver, and J. R. Avrett. These reports may be obtained from the Texas Board of Water Engineers and Geological Survey at Austin, Texas.

\n
\n

Samples for chemical analysis were collected daily at or near points on streams where gaging stations are maintained for measurement of discharge. Most of the analyses were made of 10-day composites of daily samples collected for a year at each sampling point. Three composite samples were usually prepared each month by mixing together equal quantities of daily samples collected for the 1st to the 10th, from the 11th to the 20th, and during the remainder of the month. Monthly composites were made at a few stations where variation in daily conductance was small. For some streams that are subject to sudden large changes in chemical composition, composite samples were made for shorter periods on the basis of the concentration of dissolved solids as indicated by measurement of specific conductance of the daily samples.

\n
\n

The mean discharge for the composite period is reported in second-feet. Specific conductance values are expressed as \"micromhos, K x 10 at 25° C.\" Silica, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, and nitrate are reported in parts per million. The quantity of dissolved solids is given in tons per acre-foot, tons per day (if discharge records are available), and parts per million. The total and non-carbonate hardness are reported as parts per million calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

\n
\n

For those analyses where sodium and potassium are reported separately, \"recent sodium\" will include the equivalent quantity of sodium only. In analyses where sodium and potassium were calculated and reported as a combined value, the \"percent sodium\" will include the equivalent quantity of sodium and potassium.

\n
\n

Weighted average analyses are given for most daily sampling stations. The weighted average analysis represent approximately the composition of water that would be found in a reservoir containing all the water passing a given station during the year after through mixing in the reservoir.

\n
\n

Samples were analyzed according to method regularly used by the Geological Survey. These methods are essentially the same or are modifications of methods described in recognized authoritative publications for mineral analysis of water samples.

\n
\n

These quality of water records have been collected as part of the cooperative investigations of the water resources of Texas conducted by the Geological Survey and the Texas Board of Water Engineers. Much of the work would have been impossible without the support of the following Federal State, and local agencies The United States Bureau of Reclamation, U. S. Corps of Engineers, Brazos River Conservation and Reclamation District, Lower Colorado River Authority, Red Bluff Water Power Control District, City of Amarillo, City of Abilene, and City of Forth Worth.

\n
\n

The investigations were under the firection of Burdge Irelan, District Chemist, Austin, Texas. Analyses of water samples were made by Clara J. Carter, Lee J. Freeman, Homer D. Smith, Dorothy M. Suttle, DeForrest E. Weaver, and Clarence T. Welborn. Calculations of weighted averages were made by James R. Avrett, Burdge Irelan, Dorothy M. Suttle, and DeForrest E. Weaver.

","language":"English","publisher":"Texas State Board of Water Engineers","doi":"10.3133/ofr5078","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey and others under the direction of Burdge Irelan, District Chemist","usgsCitation":"Irelan, B., 1950, Chemical composition of Texas surface waters, 1949: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-78, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5078.","productDescription":"67 p.","numberOfPages":"72","temporalStart":"1948-10-01","temporalEnd":"1949-09-30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr5078.jpg"},{"id":286584,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0078/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.65,25.84 ], [ -106.65,36.5 ], [ -93.51,36.5 ], [ -93.51,25.84 ], [ -106.65,25.84 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e3fed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irelan, Burdge","contributorId":15991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irelan","given":"Burdge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52956,"text":"ofr5076 - 1950 - Delivery of water in the Brazos River from Possum Kingdom Reservoir to Richmond, Texas during August and September, 1948","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T15:12:04","indexId":"ofr5076","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-76","title":"Delivery of water in the Brazos River from Possum Kingdom Reservoir to Richmond, Texas during August and September, 1948","docAbstract":"

Unusual drought conditions in the summer of 1948 led the irrigators in the lower Brazos River Valley to request releases from Possum Kingdom Reservoir primarily for the irrigation of rice.

The purpose of this study is to determine the time of travel. The first release is identified as that passing the Palo Pinto gage, 20 miles downstream from the reservoir, from August 9 to 16, 1948; the second release is that from August 16 to 30; and the third release is that from August 30 to September 6.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr5076","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Board of Water Engineers","usgsCitation":"Havelka, D., 1950, Delivery of water in the Brazos River from Possum Kingdom Reservoir to Richmond, Texas during August and September, 1948: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-76, Report: 3 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5076.","productDescription":"Report: 3 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1948-08-01","temporalEnd":"1948-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr5076.JPG"},{"id":290656,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0076/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Richmond","otherGeospatial":"Brazos River, Possum Kingdom Reservoir","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66f5e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Havelka, D. E.","contributorId":118225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havelka","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":511503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52948,"text":"ofr5069 - 1950 - Mineral constituents in water and their significance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:43","indexId":"ofr5069","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"50-69","title":"Mineral constituents in water and their significance","docAbstract":"Pure water does not exist in nature. Because water is a powerful solvent, every drop of rain water carries dissolved or suspended material - dust, pollen, and smoke, as well as the atmospheric gases, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. When rain falls, the water running over the rocks and percolating through the soil gathers more and more mineral matter in solution. As the uses to which a water supply may be put depend primarily on its mineral content, information concerning the chemical characteristics of water is of importance to each of us.\r\n(available as photostat copy only)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5069","usgsCitation":"Dover, T., 1950, Mineral constituents in water and their significance: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 50-69, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5069.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":247766,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0069/report.pdf","size":"4525","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":252111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1950/0069/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6358ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dover, T.B.","contributorId":90293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dover","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}