{"pageNumber":"7104","pageRowStart":"177575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184757,"records":[{"id":70215330,"text":"70215330 - 1950 - Summary of Kinoshita's kuroko deposits of Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-07T18:00:04.383385","indexId":"70215330","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-15T12:44:29","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summary of Kinoshita's kuroko deposits of Japan","docAbstract":"<p><span>Summarized translation of a report by Kameki Kinoshita, published in Japanese in 1943, on kuroko deposits (black ore deposits) of Japan. \"Kuroko means two things. One is the common mixture of sphalerite, galena, and barite which is ordinarily black to grayish white, depending on the proportion of barite. The other meaning is the unusual assemblage of separate bodies of: 1, sphalerite-galena-barite; 2, massive pyrite; 3, disseminated chalcopyrite in silicified rock; and 4, massive gypsum. Rarely are all four of these ore bodies present in any one mine, yet the assemblage is still called kuroko, regardless of color.\"</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.45.4.363","usgsCitation":"Collins, J.J., 1950, Summary of Kinoshita's kuroko deposits of Japan: Economic Geology, v. 45, no. 4, p. 363-376, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.45.4.363.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"376","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":"Hokkaido, Honshu","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              130.78125,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ],\n            [\n              142.11914062499997,\n              35.817813158696616\n            ],\n            [\n              146.6015625,\n              43.26120612479979\n            ],\n            [\n              145.1513671875,\n              44.902577996288876\n            ],\n            [\n              141.240234375,\n              45.79816953017265\n            ],\n            [\n              139.1748046875,\n              42.74701217318067\n            ],\n            [\n              138.33984375,\n              38.272688535980976\n            ],\n            [\n              135,\n              36.94989178681327\n            ],\n            [\n              130.0341796875,\n              34.84987503195418\n            ],\n            [\n              128.0126953125,\n              32.39851580247402\n            ],\n            [\n              129.990234375,\n              30.107117887092357\n            ],\n            [\n              130.78125,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1950-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, John J. jcollins@whoi.edu","contributorId":91049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"John","email":"jcollins@whoi.edu","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70215327,"text":"70215327 - 1950 - Effects of earthquakes, trains tides, winds, and atmospheric pressure changes on water in the geologic formations of southern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-15T17:44:12.920136","indexId":"70215327","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-15T12:29:46","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of earthquakes, trains tides, winds, and atmospheric pressure changes on water in the geologic formations of southern Florida","docAbstract":"<p><span>Determination of such fundamental hydrologic factors as the coefficients of permeability, transmissibility, and storage; areas of recharge and discharge; direction of ground-water movement; the safe yield; and other pertinent, related factors are based in part upon water-level measurements in wells. But these water-level readings, if not properly understood or weighted, may be entirely misleading. This is because water levels are neither stationary nor steadily rising (with recharge) or falling (with discharge). Water levels fluctuate as a result of several factors other than those of changes in recharge or discharge, chief among which are: (1) tides; (2) atmospheric pressure; (3) winds; (4) earthquakes; and (5) passing trains. Characteristically, artesian aquifers respond to these forces in a manner different from that of nonartesian aquifers, but in some places local geologic conditions in a nonartesian aquifer may cause water-level fluctuations ordinarily found only in artesian wells. Among the unusual features observed is a 4.5-foot fluctuation of water level in a Miami well caused by earthquake waves originating 750 miles away in the Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of the Dominican Republic. Quakes from all over the world are responsible for water-level fluctuations in this and other wells in the Miami area.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.45.5.441","usgsCitation":"Parker, G., and Stringfield, V.T., 1950, Effects of earthquakes, trains tides, winds, and atmospheric pressure changes on water in the geologic formations of southern Florida: Economic Geology, v. 45, no. 5, p. 441-460, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.45.5.441.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"460","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Southern Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.85888671875,\n              24.16680208530324\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6728515625,\n              24.16680208530324\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6728515625,\n              27.235094607795503\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.85888671875,\n              27.235094607795503\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.85888671875,\n              24.16680208530324\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1950-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, Garald G.","contributorId":106880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Garald G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stringfield, Victor Timothy","contributorId":93485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stringfield","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70215320,"text":"70215320 - 1950 - A summary of Horikoshi's structure of cupriferous pyrite deposits in schist","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-15T17:23:43.931094","indexId":"70215320","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-15T12:16:17","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A summary of Horikoshi's structure of cupriferous pyrite deposits in schist","docAbstract":"<p><span>Summary of a paper by Yoshikazu Horikoshi, originally published in Japanese in 1940, on the Besshi type of cupriferous pyrite ore.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.45.5.480","usgsCitation":"Collins, J.J., 1950, A summary of Horikoshi's structure of cupriferous pyrite deposits in schist: Economic Geology, v. 45, no. 5, p. 480-481, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.45.5.480.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"480","endPage":"481","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1950-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, John J. jcollins@whoi.edu","contributorId":91049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"John","email":"jcollins@whoi.edu","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70215318,"text":"70215318 - 1950 - Value of domestic production of minerals from various classes of rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-15T17:08:27.942712","indexId":"70215318","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-15T12:03:39","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Value of domestic production of minerals from various classes of rocks","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fluids and sedimentary rocks accounted for 48 and 36 percent, respectively, of the total value of the 1946 domestic mineral production. The epigenetic (vein and replacement) and metamorphic deposits each contributed 6 percent of the total, and residual and igneous deposits accounted for 3 and 1 percent, respectively. Fuels were the most valuable of all the minerals produced--77 percent of the total. Petroleum, natural gas, and similar fluid fuels accounted for 47 percent of the total production and 98 percent of that from fluids; bituminous coal made up 24 percent of the total production and 67 percent of that from sedimentary rocks; anthracite coal was valued at 6 percent of the total production and 92 percent of that from metamorphic rocks. Exclusive of fuels, the bulk of the production of nonmetallics, and of the total mineral production too, was from sedimentary rocks (74 and 50 percent, respectively) and from veins and replacements (8 and 28 percent, respectively). Most of the production of metals, however, was from veins, etc. (62 percent) and residuum (29 percent).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.45.5.470","usgsCitation":"McKelvey, V., Crawford, J., Davidson, D., and Boardman, R.L., 1950, Value of domestic production of minerals from various classes of rocks: Economic Geology, v. 45, no. 5, p. 470-479, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.45.5.470.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"470","endPage":"479","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379410,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1950-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKelvey, Vincent E.","contributorId":106637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKelvey","given":"Vincent E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crawford, J.E.","contributorId":43679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davidson, D.F.","contributorId":68293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boardman, Robert Leland","contributorId":119306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boardman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Leland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70215316,"text":"70215316 - 1950 - Dispersion of copper from the San Manuel copper deposit, Pinal County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-15T17:03:08.847488","indexId":"70215316","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-15T11:47:16","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dispersion of copper from the San Manuel copper deposit, Pinal County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p><span>At San Manuel, near Tucson, Arizona, recent churn drilling has blocked out large reserves of low-grade \"porphyry copper\" ore. This virgin deposit has a small outcrop and seems ideally suited for a geochemical study of the dispersion pattern produced by weathering in a desert climate. Samples of soils, alluvium, ground water, and vegetation were analyzed for copper. To avoid grinding, to accentuate differences in copper concentration, and to decrease sampling error, sampling was confined to the silt and clay fraction of the soil and alluvium. A sensitive field test for copper, using hydrochloric acid for a digestant and dithizone for copper determination, proved both quick and reliable.</span></p><p><span>The results of the study show that at present little copper from the ore body dissolves in the ground water or runoff, and also that very little is taken up by plants growing on the ore outcrop. For this reason, prospecting for similar deposits by the sampling and analysis of ground water or vegetation is unlikely to be fruitful. A study of plant ecology, however, shows that certain plant species grow preferentially on outcrops of copper ore and may be useful as indicators of ore.</span></p><p><span>Chrysocolla along joints carries most of the copper in the oxidized zone. The chrysocolla is slowly disintegrated mechanically as the rock weathers and enters the fine fraction of the soil. Slope wash and soil creep carry the copper along with the other soil materials into the nearby washes, where they are incorporated in the alluvium and swept downstream during floods. Abrasion probably continues to concentrate the copper in the fines, but the net change downstream is a decrease in copper content caused by dilution.</span></p><p><span>As copper can now be readily determined by chemical analysis in the field, analysis of soil and alluvium seems to be one of the best geochemical methods of prospecting for copper in a desert environment. Wherever appreciable copper is found in alluvium or soils, upstream or upslope sampling can be used to trace the copper back to its source.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.45.6.493","usgsCitation":"Lovering, T.S., Huff, L.C., and Almond, H., 1950, Dispersion of copper from the San Manuel copper deposit, Pinal County, Arizona: Economic Geology, v. 45, no. 6, p. 493-514, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.45.6.493.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"514","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"San Manuel Copper Deposit","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              32.44720279964938\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.61172485351562,\n              32.44720279964938\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.61172485351562,\n              32.96834738864797\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              32.96834738864797\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              32.44720279964938\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1950-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovering, T. S.","contributorId":108085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovering","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huff, Lyman C.","contributorId":47440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huff","given":"Lyman","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Almond, H.","contributorId":47911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almond","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70215315,"text":"70215315 - 1950 - The appraisal of ore reserves at a Japanese copper mine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-07T17:57:00.031616","indexId":"70215315","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-15T11:26:48","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The appraisal of ore reserves at a Japanese copper mine","docAbstract":"<p>Estimates of ore reserves at major Japanese metal mines seem, at first glance, to be readily understandable to American engineers and geologists. Close scrutiny, however, generally reveals unexpected features at each mine. </p><p>For example, the Hitachi copper mine formerly segregated its developed ore reserve into positive and probable on the basis of the possibility of high-grade and low-grade production from individual stopes. </p><p>Tests were made by the writer at Hitachi on the accuracy of the original reserve estimates of a few ore blocks by comparing those figures with the final production data. The results suggesthat the average reserve estimate of positive ore may be accurate within 20 percent, plus or minus. </p><p>A ten-year supply of proved ore at the big mines is not unusual; hence Hitachi is not much concerned with the additional categories of probable and possible ore, unless the positive ore has become inaccessible because of caving of the workings. For the sake of comprehensiveness, however, the writer studied the assay maps and stope maps in collaboration with the mine management and estimated tonnages of probable and possible ore, qualified by lower reliability ratings. Exploration prospects also were described in actual figures, subject to a variation of plus-or-minus 75 percent. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.45.6.568","usgsCitation":"Collins, J.J., 1950, The appraisal of ore reserves at a Japanese copper mine: Economic Geology, v. 45, no. 6, p. 568-573, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.45.6.568.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"568","endPage":"573","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","state":"Ibaraki Prefecture","otherGeospatial":"Hitachi Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              140.218505859375,\n              35.67514743608467\n            ],\n            [\n              140.77056884765625,\n              35.67514743608467\n            ],\n            [\n              140.77056884765625,\n              36.90817608096904\n            ],\n            [\n              140.218505859375,\n              36.90817608096904\n            ],\n            [\n              140.218505859375,\n              35.67514743608467\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1950-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, John J. jcollins@whoi.edu","contributorId":91049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"John","email":"jcollins@whoi.edu","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70215314,"text":"70215314 - 1950 - The thermal neutron absorption cross section of silicon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-15T16:24:49.836758","indexId":"70215314","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-15T11:03:48","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3060,"text":"Physical Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The thermal neutron absorption cross section of silicon","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Physical Society","doi":"10.1103/PhysRev.80.908","usgsCitation":"Tittle, C., and Faul, H., 1950, The thermal neutron absorption cross section of silicon: Physical Review, v. 80, no. 5, p. 908-908, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.80.908.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"908","endPage":"908","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379407,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1950-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tittle, C.W.","contributorId":243184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tittle","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faul, Henry","contributorId":60234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faul","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":72036,"text":"tem118 - 1950 - Preliminary investigation of radioactivity in the Black Hawk district, Grant County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-16T13:34:38","indexId":"tem118","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-01T13:33:32","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"118","title":"Preliminary investigation of radioactivity in the Black Hawk district, Grant County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/tem118","usgsCitation":"Granger, H.C., 1950, Preliminary investigation of radioactivity in the Black Hawk district, Grant County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 118, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tem118.","productDescription":"11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Grant County","otherGeospatial":"Black Hawk District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0475,31.8637 ], [ -109.0475,33.2096 ], [ -107.6083,33.2096 ], [ -107.6083,31.8637 ], [ -109.0475,31.8637 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c79f0fe4b019484164248d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granger, Harry Clifford","contributorId":8832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granger","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"Clifford","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5223177,"text":"5223177 - 1950 - Populations and home range relationships of the box turtle, Terrapene c. carolina (Linnaeus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-11T16:57:40.046154","indexId":"5223177","displayToPublicDate":"1950-10-01T12:18:19","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Populations and home range relationships of the box turtle, Terrapene c. carolina (Linnaeus)","docAbstract":"SUMMARY:  A population study of the box turtle (Terrapene c. carolina Linnaeus) was made during the years 1944 to 1947 at the Patuxent Research Refuge, Maryland.      A thirty acre area in well drained bottomland forest on the flood plain of the Patuxent River was selected for intensive study.  Similarly forested land extended in all directions from the study plot.      Markers were established at eighty-three foot intervals over the study plot for reference in recording locality data.  Individuals were marked by filing notches in the marginal scutes according to a code system.  There were 2109 collections of study area turtles.      Records of collecting sites and turtle behavior showed that in the bottomlands habitat cover is utilized extensively during the day as well as at night. Turtles not actively moving about are almost always found in or around brush piles, heaps of debris, and tangles of vines and briars. Gully banks and woods openings are used for sunning. Turtles are occasionally found in the mud or water of the gullies.      The commonest type of night retreat is a cavity constructed by the turtle in leaves, debris, or earth. These cavities, termed 'forms,' may be used only once, but are sometimes used repeatedly, often at intervals of several days or more. Different turtles sometimes use the same form on successive nights.      Weather conditions most favorable to turtle activity are high humidity, warm sunny days, and frequent rains. The most unfavorable influences are low temperatures and drought. On most summer days there are some active turtles but individual turtles are not active every day. Periods of activity are alternated with periods of quiet even in favorable weather. This behavior is most pronounced in early spring and late fall when inactive days are often more numerous than active ones.      Adult turtles occupy specific home ranges which they maintain from year to year. The turtles living in the study plot retained their ranges even through a flood that completely covered the area.      Maximum home range diameters were determined by measurements of the mapped ranges of individual turtles. The average range of adult males was 330 feet, adult females 370 feet. The difference between male and female ranges was not statistically significant.      There was no evidence of defense of territory.  Ranges of turtles of all ages and both sexes overlapped grossly. Turtles were frequently found near each other and no antagonistic behavior was observed.      A trail-laying device was developed in order to follow individual travel routes. The trailer consists of a light weight housing fastened to the turtle's back. It contains a spool of white thread that unwinds as the turtle moves, thus marking its exact route.      Turtles selected for this more detailed study were followed with trailers for a total of 456 turtle days. Maps illustrating their travels are shown. Normal movements within the home range are characterized by, (1) turns, doublings, detours, and criss-crossing paths completely covering the area, (2) interspersion of fairly direct traverses of the home range, (3) frequently repeated travels over certain paths or routes.      Trailer records and mapped collection records both show that the maximum limits of the home range are ordinarily reached within a few days or weeks. This general procedure is varied by some turtles to include intensive coverage of only one portion of the range at a time.      Some turtles have two home ranges and travel between them at infrequent intervals. One turtle showing this behavior was followed with a trailer for 161 days during 1946 and 1947.      Trips outside the home range are made by some turtles. These include egg laying trips by females as well as trips of unexplained nature made by both males and females. Turtles from other areas occasionally occur as transients in the study plot.      The size of the population was estimated on the basis of collections during on","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1943570","usgsCitation":"Stickel, L.F., 1950, Populations and home range relationships of the box turtle, Terrapene c. carolina (Linnaeus): Ecological Monographs, v. 20, no. 4, p. 351-378, https://doi.org/10.2307/1943570.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"351","endPage":"378","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db69689c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stickel, Lucille F.","contributorId":76598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"Lucille","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70205236,"text":"70205236 - 1950 - \"Lockhartia\" cushmani Applin and Jordan and notes on two previously described foraminifera from tertiary rocks in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-04T14:32:10.36456","indexId":"70205236","displayToPublicDate":"1950-09-09T11:39:47","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"<i>\"Lockhartia\" cushmani</i> Applin and Jordan and notes on two previously described foraminifera from tertiary rocks in Florida","title":"\"Lockhartia\" cushmani Applin and Jordan and notes on two previously described foraminifera from tertiary rocks in Florida","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper discusses changes made in the names of three foraminiferal species originally described by the writers, with particular emphasis on <i>\"Lockhartia\" cushmani</i> Applin and Jordan. The internal characters of this form are fully described and compared with the diagnostic characteristics of the genus <i>Lockhartia</i> Davies and with the geno-lectotype of <i>Rotalia</i>, <i>R. trochidiformis</i> Lamarck, as given by Davies (1932). Comparisons are also made with <i>Lockhartia bermudezi</i> Cole. A plate of illustrations demonstrates the features described. In addition. <i>Elphidium leonensis</i> Applin and Jordan is briefly discussed and the generic placement of <i>Miscellanea nassauensis</i> Applin and Jordan is mentioned.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","usgsCitation":"Applin, E.R., and Jordan, L., 1950, \"Lockhartia\" cushmani Applin and Jordan and notes on two previously described foraminifera from tertiary rocks in Florida: Journal of Paleontology, v. 24, no. 4, p. 474-478.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"474","endPage":"478","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":375357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":367286,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/1299641"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":5220932,"text":"5220932 - 1950 - Spreading tendencies of multiflora rose in the Southeast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-24T17:49:41.409594","indexId":"5220932","displayToPublicDate":"1950-07-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1950","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spreading tendencies of multiflora rose in the Southeast","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3796151","usgsCitation":"Rosene, W., 1950, Spreading tendencies of multiflora rose in the Southeast: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 14, no. 3, p. 315-319, https://doi.org/10.2307/3796151.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"319","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research 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