The antibiotic actidione was found to be highly repellent to laboratory rats and to significantly reduce gnawing attacks upon treated paperboards. Rats refused to accept food or water containing this material even under conditions of acute starvation and died of starvation and thirst rather than accept water containing 1.0 mg. of actidione per liter. The compound is highly toxic to rats with the minimum lethal dose by oral administration being approximately 1.0 mg./Kg. body weight. Paperboard treated with the compound resisted gnawing attacks by specially trained and motivated rats for periods of two hundred hours, although similar untreated boards were pierced within thirty to sixty minutes.
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Additional tests to determine optimum methods of application will be necessary before final evaluation of these compounds will be possible and extensive field trials will be required to establish the degree of protection which may be afforded by the use of these materials. 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