Gradients of fire severity in dry conifer forests can be associated with variation in understory floristic composition. Recent work in dry conifer forests in California, USA, has suggested that more severely burned stands contain more thermophilic taxa (those associated with warmer and drier conditions), and that forest disturbance may therefore accelerate floristic shifts already underway due to climate change. However, it remains unknown how rapidly thermophilic taxa shifts occur following disturbance, how long such shifts are likely to persist, and how different thermophilic post‐disturbance communities are from pre‐disturbance communities.
Colorado Front Range, USA.
We investigated these questions using a unique 15‐year vegetation plot dataset that captures pre‐ and post‐fire understory community composition across a gradient of fire severity in dry conifer forests, classifying taxa using the biogeographic affinity concept.
Thermophilization (defined here as a decrease in the ratio of cool‐mesic taxa to warm‐xeric taxa, based on biogeographic affinity of paleobotanical lineages) was observed as early as one year post‐fire for all fire severity classes, but was stronger at sites that burned at higher severity. The ratio of cool‐mesic to warm‐xeric taxa recovered to pre‐fire levels within 10 years in stands that burned at low severity, but not in stands that burned at moderate or high severity. The process of thermophilization after high‐severity fire appears to be driven primarily by the gain of warm‐xeric taxa that were absent before the fire, but losses of cool‐mesic taxa, which did not return during the duration of the study, also played a role.
Decreases in canopy cover appear to be a main contributor to understory thermophilization. Fine‐scale heterogeneity in post‐fire forest structure is likely an important driver of floristic diversity, creating the microclimatic variation necessary to maintain floristic refugia for species mal‐adapted to increasingly warm and dry conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jvs.12796","usgsCitation":"Stevens, J., Miller, J., and Fornwalt, P.J., 2019, Fire severity and changing composition of forest understory plant communities: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 30, p. 1099-1109, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12796.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1099","endPage":"1109","ipdsId":"IP-104215","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.68435668945312,\n 39.10875135935859\n ],\n [\n -105.30532836914062,\n 39.10875135935859\n ],\n [\n -105.30532836914062,\n 39.35659979720227\n ],\n [\n -105.68435668945312,\n 39.35659979720227\n ],\n [\n -105.68435668945312,\n 39.10875135935859\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Jens 0000-0002-2234-1960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-1960","contributorId":222191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Jens","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Jesse","contributorId":147734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Jesse","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16916,"text":"Dept. of Zoology, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fornwalt, Paula J.","contributorId":196676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fornwalt","given":"Paula","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":804779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70205899,"text":"70205899 - 2019 - Reduced soil macropores and forest cover reduce warm-season baseflow below ecological thresholds in the upper Delaware River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T12:58:42","indexId":"70205899","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T12:53:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduced soil macropores and forest cover reduce warm-season baseflow below ecological thresholds in the upper Delaware River Basin","docAbstract":"We examined the impacts of changes in land cover and soil conditions on the flow regime of the upper Delaware River Basin using the Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER). We simulated flows for two periods, circa 1600 and 1940, at three sites using the same temperature and precipitation conditions: the East Branch (EB), West Branch (WB), and mainstem Delaware River at Callicoon, NY. The 1600 period represented pristine forest and soils. The 1940 period included reduced forest cover, increased agriculture, and degraded soils with reduced soil macropore fractions. A model-sensitivity test examined the impact of soil macropore and land cover change separately. We assessed changes in flow regimes between the 1600 and 1940 periods using a variety of flow statistics, including established ecological limits of hydrologic alteration (ELOHA) thresholds. Reduced forest soil macropore fraction significantly reduced summer and fall base flows. The 1940 period had significantly lower Q50 flows (50% exceedance) than the 1600 period, as well as summer and fall Q90 and Q75-90 flows below the ELOHA thresholds. The 1- to 7-day minimum flows were also lower for the 1940 period, by 17% on the mainstem. 1940 flows were 6% more likely than the 1600 period to fall below the low-flow threshold for federally endangered dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon) habitat. In contrast, the 1940 period had higher flows than the 1600 period from late fall to early winter.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12777","usgsCitation":"Endreny, T.A., Kwon, P.Y., Williamson, T.N., and Evans, R., 2019, Reduced soil macropores and forest cover reduce warm-season baseflow below ecological thresholds in the upper Delaware River Basin: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 55, no. 5, p. 1268-1287, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12777.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1268","endPage":"1287","ipdsId":"IP-091449","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368171,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Upper Delaware River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -74.3389892578125,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -74.3389892578125,\n 42.85583308674893\n ],\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 42.85583308674893\n ],\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 40.9964840143779\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Endreny, Theodore A.","contributorId":195489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Endreny","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwon, Peter Yong Seuk","contributorId":219658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kwon","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"Yong Seuk","affiliations":[{"id":34139,"text":"Anchor QEA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williamson, Tanja N. 0000-0002-7639-8495 tnwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-8495","contributorId":198329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Tanja","email":"tnwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, Richard","contributorId":216306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204576,"text":"70204576 - 2019 - Characterizing crop water use dynamics in the Central Valley of California using landsat-derived evapotranspiration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-07T08:59:41","indexId":"70204576","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T12:20:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing crop water use dynamics in the Central Valley of California using landsat-derived evapotranspiration","docAbstract":"Understanding how different crops use water over time is essential for planning and managing water allocation, water rights, and agricultural production. The main objective of this paper is to characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics of crop water use in the Central Valley of California using Landsat-based annual actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from 2008 to 2018 derived from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model. Crop water use for 10 crops is characterized at multiple scales. The Mann–Kendall trend analysis revealed a significant increase in area cultivated with almonds and their water use, with an annual rate of change of 16,327 ha in area and 13,488 ha-m in water use. Conversely, alfalfa showed a significant decline with 12,429 ha in area and 13,901 ha-m in water use per year during the same period. A pixel-based Mann–Kendall trend analysis showed the changing crop type and water use at the level of individual fields for all of Kern County in the Central Valley. This study demonstrates the useful application of historical Landsat ET to produce relevant water management information. Similar studies can be conducted at regional and global scales to understand and quantify the relationships between land cover change and its impact on water use.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs11151782","usgsCitation":"Schauer, M., and Senay, G., 2019, Characterizing crop water use dynamics in the Central Valley of California using landsat-derived evapotranspiration: Remote Sensing, v. 15, no. 11, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151782.","productDescription":"22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-085933","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151782","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":366308,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"15","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schauer, Matthew 0000-0002-4198-3379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-3379","contributorId":216909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schauer","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":216910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":767617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70204757,"text":"70204757 - 2019 - Toward sustainable environmental quality: Priority research questions for North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-15T11:00:39","indexId":"70204757","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T10:55:32","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toward sustainable environmental quality: Priority research questions for North America","docAbstract":"Anticipating, identifying, and prioritizing strategic needs represent essential activities by research organizations. Decided benefits emerge when these pursuits engage globally important environment and health goals, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. To this end, horizon scanning efforts can facilitate identification of specific research needs to address grand challenges. We report and discuss 40 priority research questions following engagement of scientists and engineers in North America. These timely questions identify the importance of stimulating innovation and developing new methods, tools, and concepts in environmental chemistry and toxicology to improve assessment and management of chemical contaminants and other diverse environmental stressors. Grand challenges to achieving sustainable management of the environment are becoming increasingly complex and structured by global megatrends, which collectively challenge existing sustainable environmental quality efforts. Transdisciplinary, systems‐based approaches will be required to define and avoid adverse biological effects across temporal and spatial gradients. Similarly, coordinated research activities among organizations within and among countries are necessary to address the priority research needs reported here. Acquiring answers to these 40 research questions will not be trivial, but doing so promises to advance sustainable environmental quality in the 21st century.
Director,
Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 West Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119-2047
801-908-5000
Luminescence holds unique potential as a sediment tracer and provenance method. The tracer application of luminescence has key advantages including ease of measurement, relatively low cost, and applicability to geologically ubiquitous quartz and feldspar sand and silt. These advantages can help answer fundamental questions about geomorphology, sediment transport, sediment production, and the tectonic/climatic controls on source‐to‐sink sedimentary systems. There is a notable body of research on luminescence as a sediment tracer. These tracer methods range from identifying source locations based on unique luminescence characteristics, to observing changes in luminescence characteristics with transport, to using residual luminescence to infer rates of transport. Previous applications of luminescence include provenance and quantification of fluvial transport rate, tracing of coastal longshore drift, estimations of mixing rates in soil or sediment, and provenance of wind‐blown deposits. The few studies that compare luminescence methods with nonluminescence tracer methods show good agreement. However, more work is needed to test the application of luminescence tracers in sediments. Future research directions should focus on comparing luminescence‐based with nonluminescence tracer methods. Furthermore, research is needed on the effects of specific geomorphic processes on luminescence characteristics and residual doses. While there is significant potential for future research, luminescence is already a useful sediment tracer and provenance tool applicable to a wide range of geomorphic environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019RG000646","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Gray, H., Jain, M., Sawakuchi, A., Mahan, S.A., and Tucker, G.E., 2019, Luminescence as a sediment tracer and provenance tool: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 57, no. 3, p. 987-1017, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019RG000646.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"987","endPage":"1017","ipdsId":"IP-103269","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019rg000646","text":"External Repository"},{"id":374156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Harrison J. 0000-0002-4555-7473","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4555-7473","contributorId":207019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Harrison J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jain, Mayank","contributorId":224229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jain","given":"Mayank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sawakuchi, Andre","contributorId":224230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawakuchi","given":"Andre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tucker, Gregory E.","contributorId":177811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tucker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70263611,"text":"70263611 - 2019 - Rupture branching structure of the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa, California earthquake inferred from explosion-generated fault-zone trapped waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-18T15:52:39.94825","indexId":"70263611","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T09:51:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Rupture branching structure of the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa, California earthquake inferred from explosion-generated fault-zone trapped waves","title":"Rupture branching structure of the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa, California earthquake inferred from explosion-generated fault-zone trapped waves","docAbstract":"We present evidence for multiple fault branches of the West Napa fault zone (WNFZ) based on fault‐zone trapped waves (FZTWs) generated by two explosions that were detonated within the main surface rupture zone produced by the 24 August 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa earthquake. The FZTWs were recorded by a 15‐kilometer‐long dense (100 m spacing) linear seismic array consisting of 155 4.5‐hertz three‐component seismometers that were deployed across the surface ruptures and adjacent faults in Napa Valley in the summer of 2016. The two explosions were located ∼3.5 km north and ∼5 km south of the 2016 recording array. Prominent FZTWs, with large amplitudes and long wavetrains following the P and S waves, are observed on the seismograms. We analyzed FZTW waveforms in both time and frequency domains to characterize the branching structure of subsurface rupture zones along the WNFZ. The 2014 surface rupture zone was ∼12 km in length along the main trace of the WNFZ, which appears to form an ∼400–600‐meter‐wide low‐velocity waveguide to depths in excess of 5–7 km. Seismic velocities within the main rupture are reduced by 40%–50% relative to the surrounding‐rock velocities. Within 1.5 km of the main trace of the WNFZ, there are at least two subordinate fault traces that formed 3‐ to 6‐kilometer‐long surface breaks during the 2014 mainshock. Our modeling suggests that these subordinate fault traces are also low‐velocity waveguides that connect with the main rupture at depths of ∼2–3 km, forming a flower structure. FZTWs were also recorded at seismic stations across the Carneros fault (CF), which is ∼1 km west of the WNFZ; this suggests that the CF connects with the WNFZ at shallow depths, even though the CF did not experience surface rupture during the 2014 Mw 6.0 mainshock. 3D finite‐difference simulations of recorded FZTWs imply a branching structure along multiple fault strands associated with the WNFZ.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120180181","usgsCitation":"Li, Y., Catchings, R.D., and Goldman, M., 2019, Rupture branching structure of the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa, California earthquake inferred from explosion-generated fault-zone trapped waves: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 109, no. 5, p. 1907-1921, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120180181.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1907","endPage":"1921","ipdsId":"IP-102139","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South Napa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.53268348510989,\n 38.51201947250749\n ],\n [\n -122.53268348510989,\n 38.149075614312096\n ],\n [\n -122.13781239621281,\n 38.149075614312096\n ],\n [\n -122.13781239621281,\n 38.51201947250749\n ],\n [\n -122.53268348510989,\n 38.51201947250749\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Yong-Gang","contributorId":178873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yong-Gang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":927567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, Mark 0000-0002-0802-829X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-829X","contributorId":205863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70203755,"text":"ofr20191068 - 2019 - South Atlantic Water Science Center Strategic Science Plan: 2019–23","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-30T14:34:41","indexId":"ofr20191068","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-1068","displayTitle":"South Atlantic Water Science Center Strategic Science Plan: 2019–23","title":"South Atlantic Water Science Center Strategic Science Plan: 2019–23","docAbstract":"The South Atlantic Water Science Center Strategic Science Planning Team has developed a unified strategic science plan to guide the science vision of the South Atlantic Water Science Center (SAWSC) in response to the merging of the Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina Water Science Centers. This plan proposes a path forward to keep SAWSC science activities relevant to the many diverse needs of stakeholders in the South Atlantic region (Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina) and considers the hydrologic setting and issues of the region. This plan advises the creation of five working groups to address five priority science topics for the period 2019–23 and beyond. The five priority science topics are (1) Foundational Data, (2) Effects of Land-Use Change, (3) Coastal Plain Science, (4) Water Availability, and (5) Hazards. From the goals laid forth in this plan for each priority science topic, the working groups plan to devise a set of strategic actions and milestones to be achieved by the SAWSC to provide valuable and relevant data, research, and assessments in the South Atlantic region. In this report, the “South Atlantic region” is used to describe the area encompassed by the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191068","usgsCitation":"Cuffney, T.F., Garcia, A.M., Horowitz, A.J., LaFontaine, J.H., Landmeyer, J.E., McKee, A.M., McSwain, K.B., Painter, J.A., Shelton, J.M., and Smith, C.A., 2019, South Atlantic Water Science Center strategic science plan—2019–23: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1068, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191068.","productDescription":"v, 31 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090584","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365956,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1068/ofr20191068.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019-1068"},{"id":365955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1068/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
Don Swanson has profoundly influenced generations of volcanologists and has made major contributions to our understanding of both silicic and basaltic volcanic systems. He provides an exceptional example of how a gifted scientist can develop entirely new paradigms related to large-scale problems on the basis of decades of study, as exemplified by his work on the emplacement of flood basalts, monitoring and forecasting volcanic eruptions, the development of lava flows and domes, and the explosive nature of Kīlauea Volcano. Don has maintained exceptional productivity even while playing major leadership and management roles in science, and his research is intrinsically geological and rooted in painstaking fieldwork that is both collaborative and interdisciplinary.
This volume recognizes Don’s career accomplishments by emphasizing his careful approach to volcanology and highlighting meticulous field observations as the basis for better understanding how volcanoes work.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(000)","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., Garcia, M.O., Camp, V.E., and Grunder, A.L., 2019, Don Swanson: A field volcanology career worth celebrating, chap. of Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson: Special Papers of the Geological Society of America, v. 538, p. v-x, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(000).","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"v","endPage":"x","ipdsId":"IP-099473","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(000)","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, Michael O.","contributorId":225524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camp, Victor E.","contributorId":236848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grunder, Anita L.","contributorId":194549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunder","given":"Anita","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204791,"text":"70204791 - 2019 - Introduction to special issue on gas hydrate in porous media: Linking laboratory and field‐scale phenomena","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T09:50:21","indexId":"70204791","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-29T10:37:47","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to special issue on gas hydrate in porous media: Linking laboratory and field‐scale phenomena","docAbstract":"The proliferation of drilling expeditions focused on characterizing natural gas hydrate as a potential energy resource has spawned widespread interest in gas hydrate reservoir properties and associated porous media phenomena. Between 2017 and 2019, a Special Section of this journal compiled contributed papers elucidating interactions between gas hydrate and sediment based on laboratory, numerical modeling, and field studies. Motivated mostly by field observations in the northern Gulf of Mexico and offshore Japan, several papers focus on the mechanisms for gas hydrate formation and accumulation, particularly with vapor phase gas, not dissolved gas, as the precursor to hydrate. These studies rely on numerical modeling or laboratory experiments using sediment packs or benchtop micromodels. A second focus of the Special Section is the role of fines in inhibiting production of gas from methane hydrate, controlling the distribution of hydrate at a pore scale, and influencing the bulk behavior of seafloor sediments. Other papers fill knowledge gaps related to the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments and advance new approaches in coupled thermal-mechanical modeling of these sediments during hydrate dissociation. Finally, one study addresses the long-standing question about the fate of methane hydrate at the molecular level when CO2 is injected into natural reservoirs under hydrate-forming conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2019JB018186","usgsCitation":"Ruppel, C.D., Lee, J.Y., and Pecher, I., 2019, Introduction to special issue on gas hydrate in porous media: Linking laboratory and field‐scale phenomena: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 124, no. 8, p. 7525-7537, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018186.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"7525","endPage":"7537","ipdsId":"IP-109000","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jb018186","text":"External Repository"},{"id":366596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":195778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Joo Yong","contributorId":218160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Joo","email":"","middleInitial":"Yong","affiliations":[{"id":39769,"text":"KIGAM South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":768493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pecher, Ingo","contributorId":218161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pecher","given":"Ingo","affiliations":[{"id":39770,"text":"U. of Auckland, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":768494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204624,"text":"70204624 - 2019 - Uncertainty of reference pixel soil moisture averages sampled at SMAP core validation sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-07T09:41:38","indexId":"70204624","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-29T09:40:15","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainty of reference pixel soil moisture averages sampled at SMAP core validation sites","docAbstract":"Despite extensive efforts to maximize ground coverage and improve upscaling functions within core validation sites (CVS) of the NASA Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) mission, spatial averages of point-scale soil moisture observations often fail to accurately capture the true average of the reference pixels. Therefore, some level of pixel-scale sampling error from in situ observations must be considered during the validation of SMAP soil moisture retrievals. Here, uncertainties in the SMAP core site average soil moisture (CSASM) due to spatial sampling errors are examined and their impact on CSASM-based SMAP calibration and validation metrics is discussed. The estimated uncertainty (due to spatial sampling limitations) of mean CSASM over time is found to be large, translating into relatively large sampling uncertainty levels for SMAP retrieval bias when calculated against CSASM. As a result, CSASM-based SMAP bias estimates are statistically insignificant at nearly all SMAP CVS. In addition, observations from temporary networks suggest that these (already large) bias uncertainties may be underestimated due to under-sampled spatial variability. The unbiased root-mean-square error (ubRMSE) of CSASM is estimated via two approaches: classical sampling theory and triple collocation, both of which suggest that CSASM ubRMSE is generally within the range 0.01 to 0.02 m3/m3. Although limitations in both methods likely lead to underestimation of ubRMSE, the results suggest that CSASM captures the temporal dynamics of the footprint-scale soil moisture relatively well and is thus a reliable reference for SMAP ubRMSE calculations. Therefore, spatial sampling errors are revealed to have very different impacts on efforts to estimate SMAP bias and ubRMSE metrics using CVS data.","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Soceity","doi":"10.1175/JHM-D-19-0049.1","usgsCitation":"Chen, F., Crow, W., Cosh, M., Colliander, A., Asanuma, J., Berg, A., Bosch, D., Caldwell, T., Holifield-Collins, C., Martinez-Fernandez, J., McNairn, H., Starks, P., Su, Z., and Walker, J., 2019, Uncertainty of reference pixel soil moisture averages sampled at SMAP core validation sites: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 20, no. 8, p. 1553-1569, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-19-0049.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1553","endPage":"1569","ipdsId":"IP-109001","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467413,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-19-0049.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":366327,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Fan","contributorId":217917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Fan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39715,"text":"SSAI/Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crow, W.T","contributorId":217918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crow","given":"W.T","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39716,"text":"Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cosh, M.H.","contributorId":217919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cosh","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39717,"text":"SSAI/Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Colliander, A.","contributorId":217920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colliander","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18954,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Asanuma, J.","contributorId":217921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Asanuma","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39718,"text":"University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berg, A.","contributorId":217922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berg","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39719,"text":"Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bosch, D.D.","contributorId":217923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bosch","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39720,"text":"Southeast Watershed Research Lab, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Tifton, GA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Caldwell, Todd 0000-0003-4068-0648","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4068-0648","contributorId":217924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Todd","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Holifield-Collins, C.","contributorId":217925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holifield-Collins","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39721,"text":"Southwest Watershed Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Tucson, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Martinez-Fernandez, J.","contributorId":217926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez-Fernandez","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39722,"text":"University of Salamanca, Villamayor, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McNairn, H.","contributorId":217927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNairn","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39723,"text":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Starks, P.J.","contributorId":217928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Starks","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39724,"text":"Grazinglands Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, El Reno, OK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Su, Z.","contributorId":217929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Su","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39725,"text":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observations (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Walker, J.P.","contributorId":217930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39726,"text":"Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70205056,"text":"70205056 - 2019 - Identifying changing precipitation extremes in Sub-Saharan Africa with gauge and satellite products","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-29T09:14:48","indexId":"70205056","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-29T09:11:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying changing precipitation extremes in Sub-Saharan Africa with gauge and satellite products","docAbstract":"Sparse gauge networks in Sub-Saharan Africa limit our ability to identify changing precipitation extremes with in situ observations. Given the potential for satellite and satellite-gauge precipitation products to help, we investigate how daily gridded gauge and satellite products compare for seven core climate change precipitation indices. According to a new gauge-only product, the Rainfall estimates on a Gridded Network (REGEN), there were notable changes in Sub-Saharan Africa precipitation characteristics between 1950 and 2013 in well-gauged areas. We examine these trends and how these vary for wet, intermediate, and dry areas. For a 31 year period of overlap we compare REGEN data, other gridded products, and three satellite products. Then for 1998-2013 we compare a set of twelve satellite products. Finally, we compare spatial patterns of 1983-2013 trends across all of Sub-Saharan Africa. \nRobust 1950-2013 trends indicate that in well-gauged areas extreme events became wetter, particularly in wet areas. Annual totals decreased due to fewer rain days. Since the 1980s were increases in average precipitation intensity and annual maximum 1-day totals. These trends only represent 15% of Sub-Saharan Africa, however, and only one tenth of the main wet areas. Unfortunately, gauge and satellite products do not provide consensus for wet area trends. A promising result for identifying regional changes is that numerous satellite products do well at interannual variations in precipitation totals and number of rain days- as well as some gauge-only products. Products perform less well for dry spell length and average intensity and worst for annual maximum 1-day totals. TRMM 3B42 and CHIRPS ranked highest for multiple indices. Several products have seemingly unrealistic trends outside of the well-gauged areas that may be due to influence of non-stationary systematic biases.","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Science","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ab2cae","usgsCitation":"Harrison, L., Funk, C., and Peterson, P., 2019, Identifying changing precipitation extremes in Sub-Saharan Africa with gauge and satellite products: Environmental Research Letters, v. 14, no. 8, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2cae.","productDescription":"13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-108136","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2cae","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":367037,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2cae"}],"volume":"14","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrison, Laura","contributorId":192382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":769777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Pete","contributorId":192379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Pete","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204477,"text":"70204477 - 2019 - Supporting the development and use of native plant materials for restoration on the Colorado Plateau (Fiscal Year 18 Report)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-29T07:48:00","indexId":"70204477","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-29T07:46:05","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Supporting the development and use of native plant materials for restoration on the Colorado Plateau (Fiscal Year 18 Report)","docAbstract":"Introduction\nA primary focus of the Colorado Plateau Native Plant Program (CPNPP) is to identify and develop appropriate native plant materials (NPMs) for current and future restoration projects. Multiple efforts have characterized the myriad challenges inherent in providing appropriate seed resources to enable effective, widespread restoration and identified a broad suite of research activities to provide the information necessary to overcome those challenges (e.g., Plant Conservation Alliance 2015; Breed et al. 2018). Many of the most complex information needs relate to identifying the appropriate plant species and populations that can successfully establish in dryland environments, like the Colorado Plateau, where low and highly variable precipitation is standard. Providing this information requires synergistic research efforts in which results from earlier investigations inform the design of subsequent investigations. Southwest Biological Science Center’s (SBSC’s) research activities in FY18 followed the FY18 Statement of Work (“Research supporting native plant materials development for the Colorado Plateau Native Plant Program, FY18”) to support a research framework that is continually adapting based on the needs of the restoration community and results from previous investigations; the long-term research framework is now outlined in the 2019-2023 5-Year Research Strategy (discussed below; hereafter referred to as the 5-Year Research Strategy). This research framework provides support for the National Seed Strategy for Rehabilitation and Restoration (Plant Conservation Alliance, 2015), Department of Interior Secretarial Order #3347 (Conservation Stewardship and Outdoor Recreation), and Bureau of Land Management Leadership Priority #1 (Create a conservation stewardship legacy second only to Teddy Roosevelt).\n\tThe overall focus of activities in FY18 centered on landscape genetics and planning for common garden and other research projects. These activities were supported by two biological technicians that were hired and trained by Dr. Rob Massatti and Dr. Daniel Winkler. Many of the field-related activities, including plant trait measurement and seed/tissue collecting, were assigned to these technicians, which freed Dr. Massatti to work on other research objectives, including the time-consuming activities of processing and analyzing genetic data. A major challenge to field work in FY18 was the drought conditions that pervaded the Plateau during the spring field season. Due to low winter and spring precipitation, many plant communities did not green up in the spring, which prevented the biological technicians from collecting plant trait data, tissues samples, and seeds in many areas. To cope with the dry conditions, the technicians searched sites across a wider range of environmental space and considered a broader suite of species from which to collect data (i.e., species that may be included in research projects in future years). Monsoonal precipitation starting in July supported a late summer/fall field season and allowed the technicians to follow a more normal work plan. While Dr. Massatti was the only scientist supported by the SBSC-CPNPP agreement in FY18, other scientists, including Drs. John Bradford, Seth Munson, Mike Duniway, Sasha Reed, Daniel Winkler, and Jayne Belnap, spent a considerable amount of time discussing individual projects and the newly developed 5-Year Research Strategy. Some of these discussions resulted in a publication by Dr. Winkler, in addition to a large group of researchers, practitioners, and others who work on the Colorado Plateau, concerning the restoration challenges facing the Plateau into the future and the types of efforts that may support successful restoration (Winkler et al., 2018).","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Land Management","collaboration":"Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Massatti, R., Winkler, D., Reed, S.C., Duniway, M., Munson, S., and Bradford, J., 2019, Supporting the development and use of native plant materials for restoration on the Colorado Plateau (Fiscal Year 18 Report), 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109687","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":365965,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.blm.gov/sites/blm.gov/files/uploads/USGS%20CP%20EOY18_public.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.2965087890625,\n 37.17344871200958\n ],\n [\n -108.48999023437499,\n 37.17344871200958\n ],\n [\n -108.48999023437499,\n 40.63479884404164\n ],\n [\n -113.2965087890625,\n 40.63479884404164\n ],\n [\n -113.2965087890625,\n 37.17344871200958\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Massatti, Robert 0000-0001-5854-5597","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5854-5597","contributorId":207294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massatti","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winkler, Daniel","contributorId":217603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkler","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":217604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duniway, Michael","contributorId":217605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Munson, Seth","contributorId":217606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bradford, John","contributorId":217607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70245420,"text":"70245420 - 2019 - Alternative sea lamprey barrier technologies: History as a control tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T13:27:56.722209","indexId":"70245420","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-29T07:27:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5040,"text":"Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture","onlineIssn":"2330-8257","printIssn":"2330-8249","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alternative sea lamprey barrier technologies: History as a control tool","docAbstract":"Currently, application of lampricides and installation of low-head barriers are the only proven means of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control in the Great Lakes. While sea lamprey cannot climb or jump over low-head barriers, many desirable migratory species also cannot traverse barriers and are unintentionally blocked. Recently, there has been a push to reduce reliance on chemical controls as well as increase stream connectivity and flood conveyance. In response, the Great Lakes Fishery Commission (GLFC) continues to seek alternative methods of control. Great Lakes basin resource managers often request consideration of alternatives to both lampricide use and low-head barriers. Seasonal operation and alternative barrier designs (e.g. velocity barriers and electrical barriers) that incorporate additional features such as selective fish passage or flood conveyance are among the most commonly requested options. To date, alternative barrier technologies have been intermittently successful in the sea lamprey control program directed by the GLFC, yet continue to be proposed as alternatives to conventional low-head barriers. This document provides a comprehensive review on the current state of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of current and alternative barrier technologies and their historical use in the sea lamprey control program. This synthesis provides resource managers and sea lamprey control agents a reference and some tools to facilitate decision making around barriers that balance the critical need for invasive species control and fishery restoration.
The University of Hawai'i Information Technology Services Cyber-infrastructure team in partnership with the United States Geological Survey developed the Hawai'i groundwater recharge tool, a decision support tool, as part of the 'Ike Wai Gateway to support water sustainability research for the state of Hawai'i. To enable the development of the tool within the existing University of Hawai'i Agave platform that the 'Ike Wai Gateway is built on, the Metadata application programmatic interface (API) and Agave infrastructure needed to be extended to store and retrieve spatial data and handle a larger number of requests. The development team successfully added the functionality to the local University of Hawai'i Agave platform instance to support the storage of deserialized vector data and metadata that can be spatially queried across hundreds of thousands of records to enable decision support applications within a science gateway.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceeding PEARC '19: Proceedings of the Practice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing on Rise of the Machines (learning)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Rise of the Machines (Learning): Practice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing","conferenceDate":"July 28-August 1, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Chicago, IL","language":"English","publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery","doi":"10.1145/3332186.3332252","usgsCitation":"Cleveland, S.B., McClean, J.H., Rotzoll, K., Izuka, S.K., and Jacobs, G.A., 2019, Enabling real-time user interaction for decision support: Experiences extending a local agave platform metadata service, in Proceeding PEARC '19: Proceedings of the Practice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing on Rise of the Machines (learning), v. 19, Chicago, IL, July 28-August 1, 2019, 8, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1145/3332186.3332252.","productDescription":"8, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107140","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3332186.3332252","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.7529296875,\n 18.57336188365185\n ],\n [\n -154.3798828125,\n 18.57336188365185\n ],\n [\n -154.3798828125,\n 20.427012814257385\n ],\n [\n -156.7529296875,\n 20.427012814257385\n ],\n [\n -156.7529296875,\n 18.57336188365185\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleveland, Sean B.","contributorId":215893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClean, Jared H.","contributorId":215894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClean","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37291,"text":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rotzoll, Kolja 0000-0002-5910-888X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-888X","contributorId":201087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rotzoll","given":"Kolja","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":763343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Izuka, Scot K. 0000-0002-8758-9414 skizuka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-9414","contributorId":2645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izuka","given":"Scot","email":"skizuka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobs, Gwen A.","contributorId":215071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobs","given":"Gwen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70204507,"text":"70204507 - 2019 - See how they ran: Morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-29T17:28:29","indexId":"70204507","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-27T16:51:20","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"See how they ran: Morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae)","title":"See how they ran: Morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae)","docAbstract":"Animals served important roles in the religious cults that proliferated during the Late (ca. 747–332 BCE) and Greco-Roman periods (332 BCE–CE 337) of ancient Egypt. One result was the interment of animal mummies in specialized necropolises distributed throughout the country. Excavation of a rock-tomb that was re-used during the Ptolemaic Period (ca. 309–30 BCE) for the interment of animal mummies at the Djehuty Site (TT 11-12) near Luxor, Egypt, was carried out in early 2018 by a Spanish-Egyptian team sponsored by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid. The tomb burned sometime after deposition of the mummies, leaving behind abundant disassociated skeletal remains, primarily of avians, but also including two species of shrews (Soricidae): Crocidura olivieri (Lesson, 1827) and C. religiosa (I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1826). To investigate possible intraspecific variation in morphology and locomotor function in these two species during the last two millennia, we measured morphological features of individual postcranial bones from the two archaeological samples and calculated indices that have been used to assess locomotor function. We compared the measurements to those from modern C. olivieri, C. religiosa, and C. suaveolens (Pallas, 1811) using principal components analysis, and we compared locomotor indices to those we calculated for the three modern species of Crocidura and to those from nine species of myosoricine shrews. Osteological features of the postcranial skeleton of conspecific Ptolemaic and modern samples of C. olivieri and C. religiosa are generally similar in character and proportion, and, skeletally, these shrews and modern C. suaveolens are consistent with soricids having a primarily ambulatory locomotor mode. One exception is the deltopectoral crest of the humerus, which appears to be longer in modern C. religiosa. Despite general conservation of form and function, Ptolemaic C. olivieri had larger body size than modern Egyptian populations and were more similar in size to modern C. olivieri nyansae, 1900 from Kenya than to modern C. olivieri olivieri from Egypt.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyz091","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., Wilken, A.T., and Ikram, S., 2019, See how they ran: Morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 100, no. 4, p. 1199-1210, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz091.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1199","endPage":"1210","ipdsId":"IP-107728","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Egypt","city":"Luxor","otherGeospatial":"Dra Abu el-Naga","volume":"100","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilken, Alec T.","contributorId":217703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilken","given":"Alec","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":39687,"text":"University of Missouri, Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ikram, Salima","contributorId":217704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ikram","given":"Salima","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39688,"text":"American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70215184,"text":"70215184 - 2019 - Population estimates of Antillean manatees in Puerto Rico: An analytical framework for aerial surveys using multi-pass removal sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-09T13:55:37.928471","indexId":"70215184","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-27T08:47:22","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population estimates of Antillean manatees in Puerto Rico: An analytical framework for aerial surveys using multi-pass removal sampling","docAbstract":"Effective management of the threatened Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) in Puerto Rico requires reliable estimates of population size. Estimates are needed to assess population responses to management actions, and whether recovery objectives have been met. Aerial surveys have been conducted since 1976, but none adjusted for imperfect detection. We summarize surveys since 1976, report on current distribution, and provide population estimates after accounting for apparent detection probability for surveys between June 2010 and March 2014. Estimates in areas of high concentration (hotspots) averaged 317 ± 101, three times higher than unadjusted counts (104 ± 0.56). Adjusted estimates in three areas outside hotspots also differed markedly from counts (75 ± 9.89 versus 19.5 ± 3.5). Average minimum island-wide estimate was 386 ± 89, similar to the maximum estimate of 360 suggested in 2005, but fewer than the 700 recently suggested by the Puerto Rico Manatee Conservation Center. Manatees were more widespread than previously understood. Improving estimates, locally or island-wide, will require stratifying the island differently and greater knowledge about factors affecting detection probability. Sharing our protocol with partners in nearby islands (e.g., Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola), whose populations share genetic make-up, would contribute to enhanced regional conservation through better population estimates and tracking range expansion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyz076","usgsCitation":"Collazo, J., Krachey, M., Pollock, K., Perez-Aguilo, F., Zegarra, J., and Mignucci-Giannoni, A., 2019, Population estimates of Antillean manatees in Puerto Rico: An analytical framework for aerial surveys using multi-pass removal sampling: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 100, no. 4, p. 1340-1349, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz076.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1340","endPage":"1349","ipdsId":"IP-103047","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz076","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379273,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-65.3277,18.295843],[-65.337451,18.308308],[-65.327318,18.323666],[-65.342068,18.34529],[-65.335701,18.349535],[-65.329334,18.341955],[-65.321754,18.338316],[-65.309833,18.337973],[-65.304409,18.332054],[-65.298328,18.330529],[-65.255933,18.342117],[-65.221568,18.320959],[-65.222853,18.310464],[-65.249857,18.296691],[-65.260282,18.290823],[-65.283269,18.280214],[-65.3277,18.295843]]],[[[-67.89174,18.11397],[-67.887099,18.112574],[-67.87643,18.114157],[-67.869804,18.118851],[-67.861548,18.122144],[-67.848245,18.10832],[-67.843202,18.094858],[-67.843615,18.085099],[-67.845293,18.081938],[-67.853098,18.078195],[-67.865598,18.06544],[-67.871462,18.0578],[-67.895921,18.052342],[-67.904431,18.05913],[-67.918778,18.063116],[-67.927841,18.068572],[-67.940799,18.079716],[-67.934479,18.111306],[-67.932185,18.113221],[-67.91088,18.119668],[-67.89174,18.11397]]],[[[-65.308717,18.145172],[-65.302295,18.141089],[-65.294896,18.14283],[-65.287962,18.148097],[-65.275165,18.13443],[-65.276214,18.131936],[-65.283248,18.132999],[-65.296036,18.12799],[-65.322794,18.126589],[-65.327184,18.124106],[-65.338506,18.112439],[-65.342037,18.11138],[-65.350493,18.111914],[-65.364733,18.120377],[-65.397837,18.110873],[-65.399791,18.108832],[-65.411767,18.106211],[-65.423765,18.097764],[-65.426311,18.093749],[-65.45138,18.086096],[-65.45681,18.087778],[-65.465849,18.087715],[-65.468768,18.092643],[-65.47979,18.096352],[-65.507265,18.091646],[-65.524209,18.081977],[-65.542087,18.081177],[-65.558646,18.08566],[-65.569305,18.091616],[-65.570628,18.097325],[-65.57686,18.103224],[-65.575579,18.115669],[-65.546199,18.119329],[-65.511712,18.13284],[-65.489829,18.135912],[-65.46791,18.143767],[-65.437058,18.15766],[-65.399517,18.161935],[-65.371373,18.157517],[-65.334289,18.147761],[-65.313476,18.144296],[-65.308717,18.145172]]],[[[-66.438813,18.485713],[-66.420921,18.488639],[-66.410344,18.489886],[-66.394287,18.489748],[-66.377286,18.488044],[-66.37282,18.487726],[-66.349647,18.486335],[-66.337728,18.48562],[-66.315477,18.474724],[-66.31503,18.47468],[-66.291225,18.472347],[-66.283675,18.472203],[-66.276599,18.478129],[-66.269799,18.480281],[-66.258015,18.476906],[-66.251547,18.472464],[-66.241797,18.46874],[-66.220148,18.466],[-66.199032,18.466163],[-66.192664,18.466212],[-66.183886,18.460506],[-66.179218,18.455305],[-66.172315,18.451462],[-66.159796,18.451706],[-66.153037,18.454457],[-66.14395,18.459761],[-66.139572,18.462317],[-66.139451,18.462387],[-66.139443,18.462315],[-66.138532,18.453305],[-66.133085,18.445881],[-66.127938,18.444632],[-66.125198,18.451209],[-66.124284,18.456324],[-66.123188,18.45943],[-66.123343,18.460363],[-66.125015,18.470435],[-66.118338,18.469581],[-66.092098,18.466535],[-66.083254,18.462022],[-66.073987,18.4581],[-66.043272,18.453655],[-66.03944,18.454441],[-66.036559,18.450216],[-66.036491,18.450117],[-66.023221,18.443875],[-66.006523,18.444347],[-65.99718,18.449895],[-65.992935,18.457489],[-65.992793,18.458102],[-65.992349,18.460024],[-65.99079,18.460419],[-65.958492,18.451354],[-65.92567,18.444881],[-65.916843,18.444619],[-65.907756,18.446893],[-65.904988,18.450926],[-65.878683,18.438322],[-65.838825,18.431865],[-65.831476,18.426849],[-65.828457,18.423543],[-65.816691,18.410663],[-65.794556,18.402845],[-65.787666,18.402544],[-65.774937,18.413951],[-65.77053,18.41294],[-65.769749,18.409473],[-65.771695,18.406277],[-65.750455,18.385208],[-65.750179,18.38505],[-65.742154,18.380459],[-65.733567,18.382211],[-65.699069,18.368156],[-65.669636,18.362102],[-65.668845,18.361939],[-65.634431,18.369835],[-65.627246,18.376436],[-65.626527,18.381728],[-65.624975,18.386553],[-65.622761,18.387771],[-65.618229,18.386496],[-65.614891,18.382473],[-65.619068,18.367755],[-65.628198,18.353711],[-65.63419,18.338965],[-65.628047,18.328252],[-65.626456,18.298982],[-65.634389,18.292349],[-65.635826,18.288271],[-65.634893,18.283923],[-65.630833,18.264989],[-65.623111,18.248012],[-65.597618,18.234289],[-65.589947,18.228225],[-65.593795,18.224059],[-65.615981,18.227389],[-65.626731,18.235484],[-65.638181,18.229121],[-65.637565,18.224444],[-65.628414,18.205149],[-65.635281,18.199975],[-65.639688,18.205656],[-65.662185,18.207018],[-65.664127,18.207136],[-65.690749,18.19499],[-65.694515,18.187011],[-65.691021,18.178998],[-65.695856,18.179324],[-65.710895,18.186963],[-65.712533,18.189146],[-65.717999,18.190176],[-65.728471,18.185588],[-65.734664,18.180368],[-65.738834,18.174066],[-65.739125,18.173453],[-65.743632,18.163957],[-65.758728,18.156601],[-65.766919,18.148424],[-65.777584,18.129239],[-65.796711,18.083746],[-65.796289,18.079835],[-65.794686,18.078607],[-65.795028,18.073561],[-65.796711,18.069842],[-65.801831,18.058527],[-65.809174,18.056818],[-65.817107,18.063378],[-65.825848,18.057482],[-65.83109,18.050664],[-65.834274,18.038988],[-65.832429,18.014916],[-65.839591,18.015077],[-65.850913,18.011954],[-65.870335,18.006597],[-65.875122,18.002826],[-65.884937,17.988521],[-65.896102,17.99026],[-65.905319,17.983974],[-65.910537,17.981855],[-65.924738,17.976087],[-65.976611,17.967669],[-65.98455,17.969411],[-65.985358,17.971854],[-65.995185,17.978989],[-66.007731,17.980541],[-66.017308,17.979583],[-66.019539,17.978354],[-66.024,17.975896],[-66.046585,17.954853],[-66.049033,17.954561],[-66.058217,17.959238],[-66.068678,17.966335],[-66.069979,17.966357],[-66.08141,17.966552],[-66.116194,17.949141],[-66.127009,17.946953],[-66.140661,17.94102],[-66.147912,17.933963],[-66.155387,17.929406],[-66.159742,17.928613],[-66.161232,17.931747],[-66.175626,17.933565],[-66.186914,17.935363],[-66.189726,17.933936],[-66.200174,17.929515],[-66.206961,17.932268],[-66.213374,17.944614],[-66.202655,17.944753],[-66.185554,17.940997],[-66.179548,17.943727],[-66.174839,17.948214],[-66.176814,17.950438],[-66.206207,17.96305],[-66.206807,17.963307],[-66.215355,17.959376],[-66.218081,17.95729],[-66.231519,17.943912],[-66.229181,17.934651],[-66.232013,17.931154],[-66.252737,17.934574],[-66.260684,17.936083],[-66.270905,17.947098],[-66.275651,17.94826],[-66.290782,17.946491],[-66.297679,17.959148],[-66.31695,17.976683],[-66.323659,17.978536],[-66.338152,17.976492],[-66.33839,17.976458],[-66.362511,17.968231],[-66.365098,17.964832],[-66.368777,17.957717],[-66.371591,17.951469],[-66.385059,17.939004],[-66.391227,17.945819],[-66.398945,17.950925],[-66.412131,17.957286],[-66.445481,17.979379],[-66.450368,17.983226],[-66.454888,17.986784],[-66.461342,17.990273],[-66.491396,17.990262],[-66.510143,17.985618],[-66.540537,17.975476],[-66.583233,17.961229],[-66.589658,17.969386],[-66.594392,17.970682],[-66.605035,17.969015],[-66.623788,17.98105],[-66.631944,17.982746],[-66.645651,17.98026],[-66.657797,17.974605],[-66.664391,17.968259],[-66.672819,17.966451],[-66.699115,17.977568],[-66.709856,17.982109],[-66.713394,17.987763],[-66.716957,17.990344],[-66.731118,17.991658],[-66.746248,17.990349],[-66.750427,17.995443],[-66.753964,17.99959],[-66.755341,18.001203],[-66.764491,18.006317],[-66.770307,18.005955],[-66.799656,17.99245],[-66.806866,17.983786],[-66.807924,17.979606],[-66.806903,17.976046],[-66.805683,17.975052],[-66.795106,17.977438],[-66.789302,17.980793],[-66.784953,17.978326],[-66.787245,17.972914],[-66.80827,17.965635],[-66.8224,17.954499],[-66.838584,17.949931],[-66.852288,17.955004],[-66.856474,17.956553],[-66.859471,17.954316],[-66.862545,17.952022],[-66.871697,17.952707],[-66.88344,17.952526],[-66.899639,17.948298],[-66.904585,17.950527],[-66.906532,17.955356],[-66.906276,17.963368],[-66.924529,17.972808],[-66.928651,17.970204],[-66.930414,17.963127],[-66.916127,17.959102],[-66.909483,17.952559],[-66.909359,17.94988],[-66.912522,17.947446],[-66.930313,17.943389],[-66.932636,17.939998],[-66.931581,17.9369],[-66.919298,17.932062],[-66.923826,17.926923],[-66.927261,17.926875],[-66.959998,17.940216],[-66.980516,17.951648],[-66.98105,17.952505],[-66.982669,17.9551],[-66.982206,17.961192],[-66.987287,17.970663],[-66.996738,17.972899],[-67.003972,17.970799],[-67.014744,17.968468],[-67.024522,17.970722],[-67.062478,17.973819],[-67.076534,17.967759],[-67.089827,17.951418],[-67.101468,17.946621],[-67.109985,17.945806],[-67.109986,17.945806],[-67.128251,17.948153],[-67.133733,17.951919],[-67.167031,17.963073],[-67.178566,17.964792],[-67.183508,17.962706],[-67.188717,17.950989],[-67.187474,17.946252],[-67.183694,17.937982],[-67.183457,17.931135],[-67.194785,17.932826],[-67.196924,17.935651],[-67.197273,17.937461],[-67.197517,17.941514],[-67.197668,17.943549],[-67.198988,17.94782],[-67.200973,17.949896],[-67.210034,17.953595],[-67.212101,17.956027],[-67.21433,17.962436],[-67.215271,17.983464],[-67.211973,17.992993],[-67.207694,17.998019],[-67.177893,18.008882],[-67.174299,18.011149],[-67.172397,18.014906],[-67.172138,18.021422],[-67.173761,18.024548],[-67.193269,18.03185],[-67.209887,18.035439],[-67.196694,18.066491],[-67.190656,18.064269],[-67.184589,18.06775],[-67.183938,18.069914],[-67.186465,18.074195],[-67.192999,18.076877],[-67.198212,18.076828],[-67.199314,18.091135],[-67.19529,18.096149],[-67.183921,18.103683],[-67.182182,18.108507],[-67.176554,18.151046],[-67.178618,18.159318],[-67.180822,18.168055],[-67.180701,18.168182],[-67.155185,18.195001],[-67.152665,18.203493],[-67.158001,18.216719],[-67.173,18.230666],[-67.175429,18.248008],[-67.187843,18.266671],[-67.187873,18.266874],[-67.189971,18.281015],[-67.196056,18.290443],[-67.209963,18.294974],[-67.225403,18.296648],[-67.226081,18.296722],[-67.235137,18.299935],[-67.267484,18.353149],[-67.27135,18.362329],[-67.268259,18.366989],[-67.260671,18.370197],[-67.23909,18.375318],[-67.226744,18.378247],[-67.216998,18.382078],[-67.202167,18.389908],[-67.160144,18.415587],[-67.159608,18.415915],[-67.156599,18.418983],[-67.155245,18.424401],[-67.156619,18.439562],[-67.161746,18.453462],[-67.169011,18.466352],[-67.169016,18.478488],[-67.164144,18.487396],[-67.14283,18.505485],[-67.138249,18.507776],[-67.125655,18.511706],[-67.103468,18.514523],[-67.093752,18.515757],[-67.07929,18.513256],[-67.020276,18.510603],[-66.988958,18.497724],[-66.95954,18.489878],[-66.957733,18.489129],[-66.957517,18.489171],[-66.944636,18.491693],[-66.906872,18.483556],[-66.90143,18.484552],[-66.867386,18.490785],[-66.849673,18.490745],[-66.83694,18.487659],[-66.836635,18.487701],[-66.79932,18.492775],[-66.780311,18.491411],[-66.764893,18.484097],[-66.749301,18.476701],[-66.742067,18.474681],[-66.733986,18.473457],[-66.710743,18.472611],[-66.683719,18.481367],[-66.679876,18.484944],[-66.664364,18.487809],[-66.645839,18.488777],[-66.624618,18.494199],[-66.586778,18.484948],[-66.584074,18.484287],[-66.565241,18.485523],[-66.562916,18.48845],[-66.563485,18.490512],[-66.558503,18.489987],[-66.53484,18.481253],[-66.533487,18.481663],[-66.529476,18.482877],[-66.511609,18.476848],[-66.470292,18.46907],[-66.456486,18.46892],[-66.449184,18.470991],[-66.441852,18.479751],[-66.439961,18.485525],[-66.438813,18.485713]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Puerto Rico\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"100","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744 jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":173448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime A.","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":801082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krachey, M.J.","contributorId":242906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krachey","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, K.H.","contributorId":242907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perez-Aguilo, F.J.","contributorId":242908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perez-Aguilo","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48575,"text":"Atkins","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zegarra, J.P.","contributorId":242909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zegarra","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mignucci-Giannoni, A.A.","contributorId":242910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mignucci-Giannoni","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48576,"text":"Universidad Interamericana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70206989,"text":"70206989 - 2019 - Permeability variation and anisotropy of gas hydrate-bearing pressure-core sediments recovered from the Krishna–Godavari Basin, offshore India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T07:12:01","indexId":"70206989","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-26T15:21:42","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Permeability variation and anisotropy of gas hydrate-bearing pressure-core sediments recovered from the Krishna–Godavari Basin, offshore India","docAbstract":"Permeability measurements were conducted on gas hydrate-bearing pressure-core sediments recovered from the Krishna-Godavari Basin during India's National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 02. Pressure cores collected in the deep seabed of the Indian Ocean were cut and stored under high pressure and low temperature on the D/V Chikyu using pressure core analyzing tools. A total of 25 1.2-m storage chambers were transferred to Japan from India for pressure core studies using pressure-core analysis tools at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. The sediment core's pressure and temperature were maintained within the hydrate stability conditions during the entire process of transfer and loading into a triaxial testing apparatus called TACTT, which can simulate the in-situ stress state under triaxial conditions. The hydrate saturation of the samples was in the range of 50¬90%. It was found that the initial effective water permeability was in range of 0.01 mD to tens of mD, depending on the hydrate saturation and the mean particle size of the host sediment. The hydrate pore space morphology is also a critical factor, and results suggest hydrates are forming in the pore centers, but also as a sediment grain coating. In a first for gas hydrate-bearing pressure cores, the permeability anisotropy was established via vertical and horizontal flow tests combined with a pore fluid flow simulation. The horizontal/vertical permeability ratio was found to be 4. Additionally, the effective stress dependency of permeability was investigated by performing flow tests at different effective stresses. Due to decreasing porosity and particle crushing, the permeability dropped by approximately 90% for an effective stress increase of 10 MPa.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.07.006","usgsCitation":"Yoneda, J., Oshima, M., Kida, M., Kato, A., Konno, Y., Jin, Y., Jang, J., Waite, W., Kumar, P., and Tenma, N., 2019, Permeability variation and anisotropy of gas hydrate-bearing pressure-core sediments recovered from the Krishna–Godavari Basin, offshore India: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 108, p. 254-536, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.07.006.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"536","ipdsId":"IP-096275","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.07.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":369835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"Krishna–Godavari Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 85.84716796875,\n 19.08288436934017\n ],\n [\n 86.7041015625,\n 19.08288436934017\n ],\n [\n 86.7041015625,\n 19.621892180319374\n ],\n [\n 85.84716796875,\n 19.621892180319374\n ],\n [\n 85.84716796875,\n 19.08288436934017\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 81.38671875,\n 15.517205256329813\n ],\n [\n 83.056640625,\n 15.517205256329813\n ],\n [\n 83.056640625,\n 16.804541076383455\n ],\n [\n 81.38671875,\n 16.804541076383455\n ],\n [\n 81.38671875,\n 15.517205256329813\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 83.7158203125,\n 17.539296556236707\n ],\n [\n 84.3310546875,\n 17.539296556236707\n ],\n [\n 84.3310546875,\n 17.8742034396575\n ],\n [\n 83.7158203125,\n 17.8742034396575\n ],\n [\n 83.7158203125,\n 17.539296556236707\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"108","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yoneda, J.","contributorId":195813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yoneda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oshima, Motoi","contributorId":220829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oshima","given":"Motoi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kida, Masato","contributorId":220830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kida","given":"Masato","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kato, Akira","contributorId":220831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kato","given":"Akira","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Konno, Yoshihiro","contributorId":220815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konno","given":"Yoshihiro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40279,"text":"The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jin, Yusuke","contributorId":220832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jin","given":"Yusuke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jang, Junbong 0000-0001-5500-7558 jjang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5500-7558","contributorId":189400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jang","given":"Junbong","email":"jjang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kumar, Pushpendra","contributorId":212239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Pushpendra","affiliations":[{"id":38465,"text":"Oil and Natural Gas Corp. Panvel, Navi Mumbai, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tenma, Norio","contributorId":220803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tenma","given":"Norio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40273,"text":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70205197,"text":"70205197 - 2019 - Estimating offsets for avian displacement effects of anthropogenic impacts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T09:45:19","indexId":"70205197","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-26T15:21:26","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating offsets for avian displacement effects of anthropogenic impacts","docAbstract":"Biodiversity offsetting, or compensatory mitigation, is increasingly being used in temperate grassland ecosystems to compensate for unavoidable environmental damage from anthropogenic developments such as transportation infrastructure, urbanization, and energy development. Pursuit of energy independence in the United States will expand domestic energy production. Concurrent with this increased growth is increased disruption to wildlife habitats, including avian displacement from suitable breeding habitat. Recent studies at energy-extraction and -generation facilities have provided evidence for behavioral avoidance and thus reduced use of habitat by breeding waterfowl and grassland birds in the vicinity of energy infrastructure. To quantify and compensate for this loss in value of avian breeding habitat, it is necessary to determine a biologically-based currency so that the sufficiency of offsets in terms of biological equivalent value can be obtained. We describe a method for quantifying the amount of habitat needed to provide equivalent biological value for avifauna displaced by energy and transportation infrastructure, based on the ability to define five metrics: impact distance, impact area, pre-impact density, percent displacement, and offset density. We calculate percent displacement values for breeding waterfowl and grassland birds and demonstrate the applicability of our avian-impact offset method using examples for wind and oil infrastructure. We also apply our method to an example in which the biological value of the offset habitat is similar to the impacted habitat, based on similarity in habitat type (e.g., native prairie), geographical location, land use, and landscape composition, as well as to an example in which the biological value of the offset habitat is dissimilar to the impacted habitat. We provide a worksheet that informs potential users how to apply our method to their specific developments and a framework for developing decision-support tools aimed at achieving landscape-level conservation goals.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eap.1983","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, J.A., Loesch, C.R., and Buhl, D.A., 2019, Estimating offsets for avian displacement effects of anthropogenic impacts: Ecological Applications, v. 29, no. 8, e01983, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1983.","productDescription":"e01983, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-101351","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467420,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1983","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaffer, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708 jshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":3184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Jill","email":"jshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loesch, Charles R. 0000-0003-3090-1566","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3090-1566","contributorId":213437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loesch","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":770323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buhl, Deborah A. 0000-0002-8563-5990 dbuhl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-5990","contributorId":146226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Deborah","email":"dbuhl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207040,"text":"70207040 - 2019 - Growth and mortality of invasive Flathead Catfish in the tidal James River, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-08T14:14:03","indexId":"70207040","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-26T15:10:44","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and mortality of invasive Flathead Catfish in the tidal James River, Virginia","docAbstract":"Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity of native fishes in North America. In Atlantic coastal rivers of the United States, large catfishes introduced from the Gulf of Mexico drainages have become established and contributed to native species declines. Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris were introduced to the Chesapeake Bay drainage in the 1960s and 1970s in the James and Potomac river systems in the eastern United States. Diet studies have found James River Flathead Catfish function as apex predators and are known to consume at-risk Alosa spp. To limit further range expansion and impacts to native species, resource management agencies need information on population characteristics to support population assessments and management plan development. Thus, we examined temporal trends in growth rates and estimated total instantaneous mortality for tidal James River Flathead Catfish collected by Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries from 1997 to 2015. Parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth model with length-at-age observations pooled across sampling years were estimated as L∞ = 1,059 mm, k = 0.231/y, and t0 = 0.55 y. Flathead Catfish growth differed among sampling years, especially for the years 2007 and 2014, which had the largest sample sizes. However, there were no obvious temporal trends in growth trajectories. James River Flathead Catfish tend to grow much faster than most populations used in development of the relative growth index, but the species is known to grow faster in its nonnative range. Consequently, scientists and managers should use caution when applying growth indices if native and nonnative populations are not expressly considered in development of the index. We estimated total instantaneous mortality as Z = 0.50 and mean natural mortality from six estimators as M = 0.30. A lack of older individuals in the population means that mortality rates may be overestimated as a result of gear selectivity or ongoing maturation of the population. These data provide information to support future work examining the species in the James River and development of population models to evaluate management strategies and management plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/052019-JFWM-033","usgsCitation":"Hilling, C., Bunch, A.J., Emmel, J.A., Schmitt, J., and Orth, D.J., 2019, Growth and mortality of invasive Flathead Catfish in the tidal James River, Virginia: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 10, no. 2, p. 641-652, https://doi.org/10.3996/052019-JFWM-033.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"641","endPage":"652","ipdsId":"IP-109933","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/052019-jfwm-033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":369916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia ","otherGeospatial":"James River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.4208984375,\n 37.06394430056685\n ],\n [\n -76.387939453125,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n -77.398681640625,\n 37.61423141542417\n ],\n [\n -79.89257812499999,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -80.716552734375,\n 37.98750437106374\n ],\n [\n -78.760986328125,\n 37.640334898059486\n ],\n [\n -77.53051757812499,\n 37.49229399862877\n ],\n [\n -76.31103515625,\n 36.82687474287728\n ],\n [\n -76.4208984375,\n 37.06394430056685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hilling, Corbin D.","contributorId":221021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilling","given":"Corbin D.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunch, Aaron J.","contributorId":221022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunch","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":35592,"text":"Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emmel, Jason A.","contributorId":221023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emmel","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":40312,"text":"Solitude Lake Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmitt, Joseph 0000-0002-8354-4067","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-4067","contributorId":221020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Orth, Donald J.","contributorId":221024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orth","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203495,"text":"pp1842PP - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Rates of Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism in nests of North American grassland birds","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70203495,"text":"pp1842PP - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Rates of Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism in nests of North American grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842PP","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"chapter":"PP","displayTitle":"The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds—Rates of Brown-Headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) Parasitism in Nests of North American Grassland Birds","title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Rates of Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism in nests of North American grassland birds"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70203022,"text":"pp1842 - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70203022,"text":"pp1842 - 2019 - The effects of management practices on grassland birds","indexId":"pp1842","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T21:17:47.710366","indexId":"pp1842PP","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-26T15:03:49","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1842","chapter":"PP","displayTitle":"The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds—Rates of Brown-Headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) Parasitism in Nests of North American Grassland Birds","title":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Rates of Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism in nests of North American grassland birds","docAbstract":"The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite that relies entirely on host species to incubate its eggs and rear its young. The Brown-headed Cowbird is a host generalist; eggs of the cowbird have been found in nests of more than 220 species of North American birds. Although cowbirds are not considered a serious threat to their primary avian hosts, cowbird brood parasitism has been recognized as a potential threat to the survival of threatened and endangered species and has been implicated in the declines of other bird species through reduced reproductive output. In this chapter, we summarized the rates of cowbird brood parasitism for 40 grassland bird species. The reported rates of brood parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds varied considerably among and within grassland host species, and the factors that influence parasitism rates were described. Defenses possessed by cowbird hosts in grasslands include aggressively defending their nests against female cowbirds, egg rejection, desertion of parasitized nests, and burying cowbird eggs in the nest lining.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds (Professional Paper 1842)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842PP","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, J.A., Igl, L.D., and Johnson, D.H., 2019, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Rates of Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism in nests of North American grassland birds (ver. 1.1, March 2022), chap. PP of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842PP.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-097669","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397816,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/pp/versionhist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"1 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":365497,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/pp/pp1842pp.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.08 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842–PP"},{"id":365496,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/pp/coverthb2.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: July 26, 2019; Version 1.1: March 31, 2022","contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401
The Great Plains of North America is defined as the land mass that encompasses the entire central portion of the North American continent that, at the time of European settlement, was an unbroken expanse of primarily herbaceous vegetation. The Great Plains extend from central Saskatchewan and Alberta to central Mexico and from Indiana to the Rocky Mountains. The expanses of herbaceous vegetation are often referred to as native prairie or native grasslands. Native grasslands share the characteristics of a general uniformity in vegetation structure, dominance by grasses and forbs, a near absence of trees and shrubs, annual precipitation ranging from 25 to 100 centimeters, extreme intra-annual fluctuations in temperature and precipitation, and a flat to rolling topography over which fires can spread. To the west of the Great Plains lie the sagebrush communities of the Great Basin, which extend from British Columbia and Saskatchewan to northern Arizona and New Mexico and from the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges to western South Dakota. Sagebrush communities share similar characteristics to native grasslands, but their location east of the Rocky Mountains creates a more moderating influence from prevailing westerly winds that affect timing of peak precipitation and growth form of dominant vegetation. Native grasslands and sagebrush communities harbor a diverse array of grassland, wetland, and woodland plant and animal communities that are uniquely adapted to the natural forces of the Great Plains and Great Basin, namely the interactive forces of climate, fire, and grazing. The arrival of European settlers to North America brought profound change to native grassland and sagebrush communities, including the establishment of permanent towns and cities, the proliferation of cropland-based agricultural systems, and the suppression of wildfires. The near extirpation of bison by the 1860s paved the way for dramatic changes in the dominant grazers and a shift in the disturbance patterns that historically influenced vegetation structure. The greatest threat to native grasslands and sagebrush communities in modern times is their loss due to conversion to rowcrop agriculture and to urbanization. Concomitant with habitat loss is a precipitous decline in populations of bird species that evolved with, and are uniquely adapted to, the native grassland and sagebrush habitats. Avian population trends are linked strongly to agricultural land use. Besides outright loss of suitable breeding habitat, agricultural practices affect birds through factors such as pesticide exposure, habitat fragmentation, shifts in predator community composition, and occurrence of brood parasites. Bird populations face other stressors, such as loss of habitat to and behavioral avoidance of urbanized areas, roads, and infrastructure associated with energy production.
Despite the many anthropogenic changes to North American grassland and sagebrush communities, some bird species are adaptable and opportunistic in their habitat selection and now utilize one or more human-created habitats. Human-created habitats include pastures, hayfields, agricultural terraces, crop buffer strips, field borders, grassed waterways, fencerows, road rights-of-way, airports, reclaimed coal mines, and planted wildlife cover. Fields of seeded grasslands enrolled in Federal long-term set-aside programs, such as the Conservation Reserve Program in the United States and the Permanent Cover Program in Canada, provide important nesting habitat for grassland bird species. The array of habitats used by birds makes habitat and avian management a complex undertaking, and the scale (for example, local, regional, international) at which management actions can be implemented are such that a universal approach to managing grasslands for the conservation of the entire suite of bird species does not exist. Experienced land managers recognize that it is impossible to manage for all bird species simultaneously, and thus, prioritization is necessary towards those habitats or bird species that the manager or management agency ranks highest for a specific region or management unit. The primary tools available for management are burning, grazing, mowing, herbicide application, and idling, but before choosing a particular practice, a manager will want to consider issues of seasonality, intensity, and frequency.
Despite the thousands of studies that are cited in this compendium, much remains unknown about the effects of management practices on bird species. The series of species accounts in this compendium review the current state of knowledge regarding management of grassland and sagebrush bird species and summarize information on the effects of management practices on individual species. The accounts do not give definitive statements on the effects of management practices for any particular species, primarily because there are very few replicated studies in which identical management practices have been applied in the same geographical area with consistent results, which are elements necessary to provide concrete recommendations for the management of a particular species in a particular area. Documentation of the effects of management treatments on individual species through statistically sound methods that incorporate multiple years and locations will further scientists’ and land managers’ knowledge far more than 1–2-year studies that are limited in scope as well as time, but studies of that scope and breadth are rare.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The effects of management practices on grassland birds (Professional Paper 1842)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842A","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., 2019, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—An introduction to North American grasslands and the practices used to manage grasslands and grassland birds (ver. 1.1, March 2022), chap. A of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842A.","productDescription":"v, 63 p.","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-097670","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397809,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/a/versionhist.txt","size":"1 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":365495,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/a/pp1842a.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842 Chapter A"},{"id":365494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/a/coverthb2.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: July 26, 2019; Version 1.1: March 31, 2022","contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401