{"pageNumber":"717","pageRowStart":"17900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":70155348,"text":"70155348 - 2012 - A fine-scale assessment of using barriers to conserve native stream salmonids: a case study in Akokala Creek, Glacier National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-10T09:54:39","indexId":"70155348","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2948,"text":"Open Fish Science Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A fine-scale assessment of using barriers to conserve native stream salmonids: a case study in Akokala Creek, Glacier National Park, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Biologists are often faced with the difficult decision in managing native salmonids of where and when to install barriers as a conservation action to prevent upstream invasion of nonnative fishes. However, fine-scale approaches to assess long-term persistence of populations within streams and watersheds chosen for isolation management are often lacking. We employed a spatially-explicit approach to evaluate stream habitat conditions, relative abundance, and genetic diversity of native westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) within the Akokala Creek watershed in Glacier National Park- a population threatened by introgressive hybridization with nonnative rainbow trout (O. mykiss) from nearby sources. The systematic survey of 24 stream reaches showed broad overlap in fish population and suitable habitat characteristics among reaches and no natural barriers to fish migration were found. Analysis of population structure using 16 microsatellite loci showed modest amounts of genetic diversity among reaches, and that fish from Long Bow Creek were the only moderately distinct genetic group. We then used this information to assess the potential impacts of three barrier placement scenarios on long-term population persistence and genetic diversity. The two barrier placement scenarios in headwater areas generally failed to meet general persistence criteria for minimum population size (2,500 individuals, Ne = 500), maintenance of long-term genetic diversity (He), and no population subdivision. Conversely, placing a barrier near the stream mouth and selectively passing non-hybridized, migratory spawners entering Akokala Creek met all persistence criteria and may offer the best option to conserve native trout populations and life history diversity. Systematic, fine-scale stream habitat, fish distribution, and genetic assessments in streams chosen for barrier installation are needed in conjunction with broader scale assessments to understand the potential impacts of using barriers for conservation of native salmonid populations threatened by nonnative fish invasions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers","publisherLocation":"Hilversum","usgsCitation":"Muhlfeld, C.C., D'Angelo, V., Kalinowski, S., Landguth, E.L., Downs, C., Tohtz, J., and Kershner, J.L., 2012, A fine-scale assessment of using barriers to conserve native stream salmonids: a case study in Akokala Creek, Glacier National Park, USA: Open Fish Science Journal, v. 5, p. 9-20.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029972","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306523,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306522,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://connection.ebscohost.com/c/case-studies/80161559/fine-scale-assessment-using-barriers-conserve-native-stream-salmonids-case-study-akokala-creek-glacier-national-park-usa"}],"volume":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb2ee4b08400b1fdb6e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D'Angelo, Vincent S. vdangelo@usgs.gov","contributorId":4176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Angelo","given":"Vincent S.","email":"vdangelo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kalinowski, S.T.","contributorId":145870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalinowski","given":"S.T.","affiliations":[{"id":16274,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Ecology, Bozeman, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landguth, Erin L.","contributorId":69002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landguth","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Downs, C.C.","contributorId":145868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Downs","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16272,"text":"National Park Service, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tohtz, J.","contributorId":145869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tohtz","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16273,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, Kalispell, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kershner, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-7093-9860 jkershner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9860","contributorId":310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkershner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70199592,"text":"70199592 - 2012 - Geostatistical population-mixture approach to unconventional-resource assessment with an application to the Woodford Gas Shale, Arkoma Basin, eastern Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-24T10:54:25","indexId":"70199592","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:54:18","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5755,"text":"SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geostatistical population-mixture approach to unconventional-resource assessment with an application to the Woodford Gas Shale, Arkoma Basin, eastern Oklahoma","docAbstract":"<p><span>Evaluation of resources such as tight sands and gas shales requires the formulation of assessment models that are different from those used for the inference of conventional resources. Formulations in present use are based in classical statistics that ignore the partly organized and partly random geographical variation of attributes related to the occurrence of hydrocarbons. This paper is the third in a series of methodological tests aimed at enhancing the assessment of unconventional resources through more-effective use of implicit and explicit information contained in the data, more-accurate evaluation of resources, and more-informative display of results. Reprocessing of estimated-ultimate-recovery (EUR) data at the Woodford gas shale in Oklahoma shows that subdivision of the play into areas as homogeneous as possible can produce results comparable to those obtained using several variables correlated to local productivity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","doi":"10.2118/163049-PA","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., Charpentier, R., Cook, T.A., Houseknecht, D.W., and Garrity, C.P., 2012, Geostatistical population-mixture approach to unconventional-resource assessment with an application to the Woodford Gas Shale, Arkoma Basin, eastern Oklahoma: SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, v. 15, no. 5, p. 554-562, https://doi.org/10.2118/163049-PA.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"554","endPage":"562","ipdsId":"IP-038213","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357660,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Arkoma Basin","volume":"15","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10bf3de4b034bf6a7f0c7b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745916,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R.","contributorId":208099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","affiliations":[{"id":37715,"text":"Ex-USGS, now retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745917,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":47873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":745915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":150415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, Troy A.","contributorId":52519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garrity, Christopher P. 0000-0002-5565-1818 cgarrity@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-1818","contributorId":644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Christopher","email":"cgarrity@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70118269,"text":"70118269 - 2012 - Spatiotemporal analysis of black spruce forest soils and implications for the fate of C","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T16:41:18","indexId":"70118269","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:43:57","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal analysis of black spruce forest soils and implications for the fate of C","docAbstract":"<p><span>Post-fire storage of carbon (C) in organic-soil horizons was measured in one Canadian and three Alaskan chronosequences in black spruce forests, together spanning stand ages of nearly 200 yrs. We used a simple mass balance model to derive estimates of inputs, losses, and accumulation rates of C on timescales of years to centuries. The model performed well for the surface and total organic soil layers and presented questions for resolving the dynamics of deeper organic soils. C accumulation in all study areas is on the order of 20–40 gC/m</span><sup>2</sup><sub>/</sub><span>yr for stand ages up to ∼200 yrs. Much larger fluxes, both positive and negative, are detected using incremental changes in soil C stocks and by other studies using eddy covariance methods for CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>. This difference suggests that over the course of stand replacement, about 80% of all net primary production (NPP) is returned to the atmosphere within a fire cycle, while about 20% of NPP enters the organic soil layers and becomes available for stabilization or loss via decomposition, leaching, or combustion. Shifts toward more frequent and more severe burning and degradation of deep organic horizons would likely result in an acceleration of the carbon cycle, with greater CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>emissions from these systems overall.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1029/2011JG001826","usgsCitation":"Harden, J.W., Manies, K.L., O'Donnell, J., Johnson, K., Frolking, S., and Fan, Z., 2012, Spatiotemporal analysis of black spruce forest soils and implications for the fate of C: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 117, no. 1, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001826.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-027455","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/earthsci_facpub/276","text":"External Repository"},{"id":291126,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291125,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001826"}],"volume":"117","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manies, Kristen L. 0000-0003-4941-9657 kmanies@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-9657","contributorId":2136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"Kristen","email":"kmanies@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Donnell, Jonathan","contributorId":17924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Kristofer","contributorId":98237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kristofer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frolking, Steve","contributorId":7638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frolking","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fan, Zhaosheng","contributorId":83410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fan","given":"Zhaosheng","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70118267,"text":"70118267 - 2012 - The effects of permafrost thaw on soil hydrologic, thermal, and carbon dynamics in an Alaskan peatland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T16:39:27","indexId":"70118267","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:38:23","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of permafrost thaw on soil hydrologic, thermal, and carbon dynamics in an Alaskan peatland","docAbstract":"Recent warming at high-latitudes has accelerated permafrost thaw in northern peatlands, and thaw can have profound effects on local hydrology and ecosystem carbon balance. To assess the impact of permafrost thaw on soil organic carbon (OC) dynamics, we measured soil hydrologic and thermal dynamics and soil OC stocks across a collapse-scar bog chronosequence in interior Alaska. We observed dramatic changes in the distribution of soil water associated with thawing of ice-rich frozen peat. The impoundment of warm water in collapse-scar bogs initiated talik formation and the lateral expansion of bogs over time. On average, Permafrost Plateaus stored 137 ± 37 kg C m<sup>-2</sup>, whereas OC storage in Young Bogs and Old Bogs averaged 84 ± 13 kg C m<sup>-2</sup>. Based on our reconstructions, the accumulation of OC in near-surface bog peat continued for nearly 1,000 years following permafrost thaw, at which point accumulation rates slowed. Rapid decomposition of thawed forest peat reduced deep OC stocks by nearly half during the first 100 years following thaw. Using a simple mass-balance model, we show that accumulation rates at the bog surface were not sufficient to balance deep OC losses, resulting in a net loss of OC from the entire peat column. An uncertainty analysis also revealed that the magnitude and timing of soil OC loss from thawed forest peat depends substantially on variation in OC input rates to bog peat and variation in decay constants for shallow and deep OC stocks. These findings suggest that permafrost thaw and the subsequent release of OC from thawed peat will likely reduce the strength of northern permafrost-affected peatlands as a carbon dioxide sink, and consequently, will likely accelerate rates of atmospheric warming.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s10021-011-9504-0","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, J.A., Jorgenson, M., Harden, J.W., McGuire, A., Kanevskiy, M.Z., and Wickland, K.P., 2012, The effects of permafrost thaw on soil hydrologic, thermal, and carbon dynamics in an Alaskan peatland: Ecosystems, v. 15, no. 2, p. 213-229, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9504-0.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"229","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-027728","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291122,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9504-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A. 0000-0001-7031-9808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-9808","contributorId":191423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":140457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[{"id":13506,"text":"Alaska Ecoscience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":496653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGuire, A. David","contributorId":18494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kanevskiy, Mikhail Z.","contributorId":199153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"Mikhail","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wickland, Kimberly P. 0000-0002-6400-0590 kpwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":1835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kimberly","email":"kpwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70039656,"text":"70039656 - 2012 - On modeling weak sinks in MODPATH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-30T10:35:22","indexId":"70039656","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:31:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On modeling weak sinks in MODPATH","docAbstract":"Regional groundwater flow systems often contain both strong sinks and weak sinks. A strong sink extracts water from the entire aquifer depth, while a weak sink lets some water pass underneath or over the actual sink. The numerical groundwater flow model MODFLOW may allow a sink cell to act as a strong or weak sink, hence extracting all water that enters the cell or allowing some of that water to pass. A physical strong sink can be modeled by either a strong sink cell or a weak sink cell, with the latter generally occurring in low resolution models. Likewise, a physical weak sink may also be represented by either type of sink cell. The representation of weak sinks in the particle tracing code MODPATH is more equivocal than in MODFLOW. With the appropriate parameterization of MODPATH, particle traces and their associated travel times to weak sink streams can be modeled with adequate accuracy, even in single layer models. Weak sink well cells, on the other hand, require special measures as proposed in the literature to generate correct particle traces and individual travel times and hence capture zones. We found that the transit time distributions for well water generally do not require special measures provided aquifer properties are locally homogeneous and the well draws water from the entire aquifer depth, an important observation for determining the response of a well to non-point contaminant inputs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00995.x","usgsCitation":"Abrams, D.B., Haitjema, H., and Kauffman, L.J., 2012, On modeling weak sinks in MODPATH: Ground Water, v. 51, no. 4, p. 597-602, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00995.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"597","endPage":"602","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-038474","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275561,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00995.x"}],"volume":"51","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e063e4b0cecbe8fa9894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abrams, Daniel B.","contributorId":45985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haitjema, Henk","contributorId":27769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haitjema","given":"Henk","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70118263,"text":"70118263 - 2012 - Bacterial and enchytraeid abundance accelerate soil carbon turnover along a lowland vegetation gradient in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-28T10:30:43","indexId":"70118263","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:29:04","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3416,"text":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacterial and enchytraeid abundance accelerate soil carbon turnover along a lowland vegetation gradient in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Boreal wetlands are characterized by a mosaic of plant communities, including forests, shrublands, grasslands, and fens, which are structured largely by changes in topography and water table position. The soil associated with these plant communities contain quantitatively and qualitatively different forms of soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrient availability that drive changes in biogeochemical cycling rates. Therefore different boreal plant communities likely contain different soil biotic communities which in turn affect rates of organic matter decomposition. We examined relationships between plant communities, microbial communities, enchytraeids, and soil C turnover in near-surface soils along a shallow topographic soil moisture and vegetation gradient in interior Alaska. We tested the hypothesis that as soil moisture increases along the gradient, surface soils would become increasingly dominated by bacteria and mesofauna and have more rapid rates of C turnover. We utilized bomb radiocarbon techniques to infer rates of C turnover and the 13C isotopic composition of SOM and respired CO<sub>2</sub> to infer the degree of soil humification. Soil phenol oxidase and peroxidase enzyme activities were generally higher in the rich fen compared with the forest and bog birch sites. Results indicated greater C fluxes and more rapid C turnover in the surface soils of the fen sites compared to the wetland forest and shrub sites. Quantitative PCR analyses of soil bacteria and archaea, combined with enchytraeid counts, indicated that surface soils from the lowland fen ecosystems had higher abundances of these microbial and mesofaunal groups. Fungal abundance was highly variable and not significantly different among sites. Microbial data was utilized in a food web model that confirmed that rapidly cycling systems are dominated by bacterial activity and enchytraeid grazing. However, our results also suggest that oxidative enzymes play an important role in the C mineralization process in saturated systems, which has been often ignored.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Union of Soil Sciences","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.032","usgsCitation":"Waldrop, M., Harden, J.W., Turetsky, M., Petersen, D., McGuire, A., Briones, M., Churchill, A., Doctor, D., and Pruett, L., 2012, Bacterial and enchytraeid abundance accelerate soil carbon turnover along a lowland vegetation gradient in interior Alaska: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 50, p. 188-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.032.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"198","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291117,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291116,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.032"}],"volume":"50","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f556e4b0bc0bec0a15bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petersen, D.G.","contributorId":31687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Briones, M.J.I.","contributorId":27370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briones","given":"M.J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Churchill, A.C.","contributorId":85100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Churchill","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Doctor, D.H.","contributorId":94773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"D.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pruett, L.E.","contributorId":86982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pruett","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70038199,"text":"70038199 - 2012 - Root zone water quality model (RZWQM2): Model use, calibration and validation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-05T18:56:01.036463","indexId":"70038199","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:16:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3619,"text":"Transactions of the ASABE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Root zone water quality model (RZWQM2): Model use, calibration and validation","docAbstract":"The Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) has been used widely for simulating agricultural management effects on crop production and soil and water quality. Although it is a one-dimensional model, it has many desirable features for the modeling community. This article outlines the principles of calibrating the model component by component with one or more datasets and validating the model with independent datasets. Users should consult the RZWQM2 user manual distributed along with the model and a more detailed protocol on how to calibrate RZWQM2 provided in a book chapter. Two case studies (or examples) are included in this article. One is from an irrigated maize study in Colorado to illustrate the use of field and laboratory measured soil hydraulic properties on simulated soil water and crop production. It also demonstrates the interaction between soil and plant parameters in simulated plant responses to water stresses. The other is from a maize-soybean rotation study in Iowa to show a manual calibration of the model for crop yield, soil water, and N leaching in tile-drained soils. Although the commonly used trial-and-error calibration method works well for experienced users, as shown in the second example, an automated calibration procedure is more objective, as shown in the first example. Furthermore, the incorporation of the Parameter Estimation Software (PEST) into RZWQM2 made the calibration of the model more efficient than a grid (ordered) search of model parameters. In addition, PEST provides sensitivity and uncertainty analyses that should help users in selecting the right parameters to calibrate.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers","doi":"10.13031/2013.42252","usgsCitation":"Ma, L., Ahuja, L., Nolan, B.T., Malone, R., Trout, T., and Qi, Z., 2012, Root zone water quality model (RZWQM2): Model use, calibration and validation: Transactions of the ASABE, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1425-1446, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.42252.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1425","endPage":"1446","ipdsId":"IP-037029","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c969e4b009d47a4c23de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ma, Liwang","contributorId":6751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Liwang","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":463644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahuja, Lajpat","contributorId":100275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahuja","given":"Lajpat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolan, B. T.","contributorId":21565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malone, Robert","contributorId":28888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Trout, Thomas","contributorId":95785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trout","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Qi, Z.","contributorId":99870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70110900,"text":"70110900 - 2012 - The current state of modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-03T10:01:05","indexId":"70110900","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:59:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The current state of modeling","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00936.x","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., and Zheng, C., 2012, The current state of modeling: Ground Water, v. 50, no. 3, p. 329-333, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00936.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"333","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-035877","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287974,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00936.x"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"538eee9ee4b0d497d496854c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zheng, Chunmiao","contributorId":49233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"Chunmiao","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046096,"text":"70046096 - 2012 - The science, information, and engineering needed to manage water availability and quality in 2050","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T17:14:35.840593","indexId":"70046096","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:54:29","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"23","title":"The science, information, and engineering needed to manage water availability and quality in 2050","docAbstract":"This chapter explores four water resources issues: 1) hydrologic variability, hazards, water supply and ecosystem preservation; 2) urban landscape design; 3) non-point source water quality, and 4) climate change, resiliency, and nonstationarity.  It also considers what science, technology, and engineering practice may be needed in the coming decades to sustain water supplies and ecosystems in the face of increasing stresses from a growing demand for water.  Dealing with these four water resource issues in the highly uncertain future would will demand predictive models that are rooted in real-world data.  In a non-stationary world, continuity of observations is crucial.  All watersheds are influenced by human actions through changes in land use, water use, and climate.  The focus of water planning and management between today and 2050 will depend more than ever on collection and analysis of long-term data to learn about the evolving state of the system, understanding ecosystem processes in the water and on the landscape, and finding innovative ways to manage water as a shared resource.  This includes sharing water with our neighbors on the landscape, sharing with the other species that depend on water, and sharing with future generations.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Toward a sustainable water future: Visions for 2050","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/9780784412077.ch23","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., 2012, The science, information, and engineering needed to manage water availability and quality in 2050, chap. 23 <i>of</i> Toward a sustainable water future: Visions for 2050, p. 215-225, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784412077.ch23.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"225","ipdsId":"IP-017761","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276736,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52136e3ae4b0b08f4461993d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70103149,"text":"70103149 - 2012 - An exploratory investigation of the landscape-lake interface: Land cover controls over consumer N and C isotopic composition in Lake Michigan rivermouths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-29T09:34:10","indexId":"70103149","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:26:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An exploratory investigation of the landscape-lake interface: Land cover controls over consumer N and C isotopic composition in Lake Michigan rivermouths","docAbstract":"Rivermouth ecosystems are areas where tributary waters mix with lentic near-shore waters and provide habitat for many Laurentian Great Lakes fish and wildlife species. Rivermouths are the interface between terrestrial activities that influence rivers and the ecologically important nearshore. Stable isotopes of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) in consumers were measured from a range of rivermouths systems to address two questions: 1) What is the effect of rivermouth ecosystems and land cover on the isotopic composition of N available to rivermouth consumers? 2) Are rivermouth consumers composed of lake-like or river-like C? For question 1, data suggest that strong relationships between watershed agriculture and consumer N are weakened or eliminated at the rivermouth, in favor of stronger relationships between consumer N and depositional areas that may favor denitrification. For question 2, despite apparently large riverine inputs, consumers only occasionally appear river-like. More often consumers seem to incorporate large amounts of C from either the nearshore or primary production within the rivermouth itself. Rivermouths appear to be active C and N processing environments, thus necessitating their explicit incorporation into models estimating nearshore loading and possibly contributing to their importance to Great Lakes biota.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.016","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Richardson, W.B., Vallazza, J.M., and Nelson, J., 2012, An exploratory investigation of the landscape-lake interface: Land cover controls over consumer N and C isotopic composition in Lake Michigan rivermouths: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 38, no. 4, p. 610-619, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.016.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"610","endPage":"619","ipdsId":"IP-032168","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286750,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.016"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0434,41.6089 ], [ -88.0434,46.1024 ], [ -84.7385,46.1024 ], [ -84.7385,41.6089 ], [ -88.0434,41.6089 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5360c9e1e4b082a3ecf53dda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vallazza, Jonathan M. jvallazza@usgs.gov","contributorId":3651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallazza","given":"Jonathan","email":"jvallazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, J. C. 0000-0002-7105-0107 jcnelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-0107","contributorId":459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J. C.","email":"jcnelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048306,"text":"70048306 - 2012 - Using hydrogeology to identify the source of groundwater to Montezuma Well, a natural spring in central Arizona: part 1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-20T09:21:06","indexId":"70048306","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1534,"text":"Environmental Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using hydrogeology to identify the source of groundwater to Montezuma Well, a natural spring in central Arizona: part 1","docAbstract":"Montezuma Well is a natural spring located within a “sinkhole” in the desert environment of the Verde Valley in Central Arizona. It is managed by the National Park Service as part of Montezuma Castle National Monument. Because of increasing development of groundwater in the area, this research was undertaken to better understand the sources of groundwater to Montezuma Well. The use of well logs and geophysics provides details on the geology in the area around Montezuma Well. This includes characterizing the extent and position of a basalt dike that intruded a deep fracture zone. This low permeability barrier forces groundwater to the surface at the Montezuma Well “pool” with sufficient velocity to entrain sand-sized particles from underlying bedrock. Permeable fractures along and above the basalt dike provide conduits that carry deep sourced carbon dioxide to the surface, which can dissolve carbonate minerals along the transport path in response to the added carbon dioxide. At the ground surface, CO<sub>2</sub> degasses, depositing travertine. Geologic cross sections, rock geochemistry, and semi-quantitative groundwater flow modeling provide a hydrogeologic framework that indicates groundwater flow through a karstic limestone at depth (Redwall Limestone) as the most significant source of groundwater to Montezuma Well. Additional groundwater flow from the overlying formations (Verde Formation and Permian Sandstones) is a possibility, but significant flow from these units is not indicated.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12665-012-1801-1","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., DeWitt, E.H., and Arnold, L., 2012, Using hydrogeology to identify the source of groundwater to Montezuma Well, a natural spring in central Arizona: part 1: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 67, no. 6, p. 1821-1835, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1801-1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1821","endPage":"1835","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-027795","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277949,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1801-1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Montezuma Well","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.758051,34.644203 ], [ -111.758051,34.653415 ], [ -111.747948,34.653415 ], [ -111.747948,34.644203 ], [ -111.758051,34.644203 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"67","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523d6e6ae4b097188d6c771f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed H.","contributorId":16543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arnold, L. Rick","contributorId":101613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L. Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047107,"text":"70047107 - 2012 - Synthesis of benthic flux components in the Patos Lagooncoastal zone, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-16T10:00:51","indexId":"70047107","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:03:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesis of benthic flux components in the Patos Lagooncoastal zone, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil","docAbstract":"The primary objective of this work is to synthesize components of benthic flux in the Patos Lagoon coastal zone, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Specifically, the component of benthic discharge flux forced by the terrestrial hydraulic gradient is 0.8 m<sup>3</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>; components of benthic discharge and recharge flux associated with the groundwater tidal prism are both 2.1 m<sup>3</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>; components of benthic discharge and recharge flux forced by surface-gravity wave setup are both 6.3 m<sup>3</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>; the component of benthic discharge flux that transports radium-228 is 350 m<sup>3</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>; and components of benthic discharge and recharge flux forced by surface-gravity waves propagating over a porous medium are both 1400 m<sup>3</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>. (All models are normalized per meter shoreline.) Benthic flux is a function of components forced by individual mechanisms and nonlinear interactions that exist between components. Constructive and destructive interference may enhance or diminish the contribution of benthic flux components. It may not be possible to model benthic flux by summing component magnitudes. Geochemical tracer techniques may not accurately model benthic discharge flux or submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). A conceptual model provides a framework on which to quantitatively characterize benthic discharge flux and SGD with a multifaceted approach.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011WR011477","usgsCitation":"King, J., 2012, Synthesis of benthic flux components in the Patos Lagooncoastal zone, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. 12, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011477.","productDescription":"10 p.","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-042859","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275264,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275143,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2011WR011477/abstract"},{"id":275142,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011477"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Patos Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -52.2568,-32.1891 ], [ -52.2568,-30.3187 ], [ -50.6791,-30.3187 ], [ -50.6791,-32.1891 ], [ -52.2568,-32.1891 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"48","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51efa5f8e4b0b09fbe58f1fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Jeffrey N. jking@usgs.gov","contributorId":2117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Jeffrey N.","email":"jking@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047395,"text":"70047395 - 2012 - Sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Idaho cobalt belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T11:25:55","indexId":"70047395","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T08:58:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Idaho cobalt belt","docAbstract":"Cobalt-copper &plusmn; gold deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt, including the deposits of the Blackbird district, have been analyzed for their sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope compositions to improve the understanding of ore formation. Previous genetic hypotheses have ranged widely, linking the ores to the sedimentary or diagenetic history of the host Mesoproterozoic sedimentary rocks, to Mesoproterozoic or Cretaceous magmatism, or to metamorphic shearing. The &delta;<sup>34</sup>S values are nearly uniform throughout the Blackbird dis- trict, with a mean value for cobaltite (CoAsS, the main cobalt mineral) of 8.0 &plusmn; 0.4‰ (<i>n</i> = 19). The data suggest that (1) sulfur was derived at least partly from sedimentary sources, (2) redox reactions involving sulfur were probably unimportant for ore deposition, and (3) the sulfur was probably transported to sites of ore for- mation as H<sub>2</sub>S. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions of the ore-forming fluid, which are calculated from analyses of biotite-rich wall rocks and tourmaline, do not uniquely identify the source of the fluid; plausible sources include formation waters, metamorphic waters, and mixtures of magmatic and isotopically heavy meteoric waters. The calculated compositions are a poor match for the modified seawaters that form vol- canogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of siderite, a mineral that is widespread, although sparse, at Blackbird, suggest formation from mixtures of sedimentary organic carbon and magmatic-metamorphic carbon. The isotopic compositions of calcite in alkaline dike rocks of uncertain age are consistent with a magmatic origin. Several lines of evidence suggest that siderite postdated the emplacement of cobalt and copper, so its significance for the ore-forming event is uncertain. From the stable isotope perspective, the mineral deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt contrast with typical VMS and sedimentary exhalative deposits. They show characteristics of deposit types that form in deeper environments and could be related to metamorphic processes or magmatic processes, although the isotopic evidence for magmatic components is relatively weak.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1207","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., Bookstrom, A.A., and Slack, J.F., 2012, Sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Idaho cobalt belt: Economic Geology, v. 107, no. 6, p. 1207-1221, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1207.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1207","endPage":"1221","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-028411","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275993,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1207"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho Cobalt Belt","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.7502,44.9628 ], [ -114.7502,45.3514 ], [ -113.812,45.3514 ], [ -113.812,44.9628 ], [ -114.7502,44.9628 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"107","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c969e4b009d47a4c23e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bookstrom, Arthur A. 0000-0003-1336-3364 abookstrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-3364","contributorId":1542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookstrom","given":"Arthur","email":"abookstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173407,"text":"70173407 - 2012 - Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) runs and consumer fitness: growth and energy storage in stream-dwelling salmonids increase with salmon spawner density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-27T13:27:42","indexId":"70173407","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T04:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Pacific salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus</i> spp.) runs and consumer fitness: growth and energy storage in stream-dwelling salmonids increase with salmon spawner density","title":"Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) runs and consumer fitness: growth and energy storage in stream-dwelling salmonids increase with salmon spawner density","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined how marine-derived nutrients (MDN), in the form of spawning Pacific salmon, influenced the nutritional status and &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N of stream-dwelling fishes. We sampled juvenile coho salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i><span>) and Dolly Varden (</span><i>Salvelinus malma</i><span>) during spring and fall from 11 south-central Alaskan streams that ranged widely in spawning salmon biomass (0.1&ndash;4.7&nbsp;kg&middot;m</span><sup>&ndash;2</sup><span>). Growth rate (as indexed by RNA&ndash;DNA ratios), energy density, and &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N enrichment in spring-sampled fishes increased with spawner biomass, indicating the persistence of spawner effects&nbsp;more than 6&nbsp;months after salmon spawning. Point estimates suggest that spawner effects on nutrition were substantially greater for coho salmon than Dolly Varden (268% and 175% greater for growth and energy, respectively), indicating that both species benefitted physiologically, but that juvenile coho salmon accrued more benefits than Dolly Varden. Although the data were less conclusive for fall- than spring-sampled fish, they do suggest spawner effects were also generally positive during fall, soon after salmon spawned. In a follow-up analysis where growth rate and energy density were modeled as a function of &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N enrichment, results suggested that both increased with MDN assimilation, especially in juvenile coho salmon. Our results support the importance of salmon runs to the nutritional ecology of stream-dwelling fishes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/F2011-133","usgsCitation":"Rinella, D.J., Wipfli, M.S., Stricker, C.A., Heintz, R.A., and Rinella, M.J., 2012, Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) runs and consumer fitness: growth and energy storage in stream-dwelling salmonids increase with salmon spawner density: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 69, no. 1, p. 73-84, https://doi.org/10.1139/F2011-133.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"84","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018229","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6b9e4b07657d1a22924","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rinella, Daniel J.","contributorId":69048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinella","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stricker, Craig A. 0000-0002-5031-9437 cstricker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9437","contributorId":1097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Craig","email":"cstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heintz, Ron A.","contributorId":101552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heintz","given":"Ron","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rinella, Matthew J.","contributorId":172336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rinella","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173738,"text":"70173738 - 2012 - Forest Succession and Maternity Day roost selection by Myotis septentrionalis in a mesophytic hardwood forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-01T16:31:54.994036","indexId":"70173738","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2043,"text":"International Journal of Forestry Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Forest Succession and Maternity Day roost selection by <i>Myotis septentrionalis</i> in a mesophytic hardwood forest","title":"Forest Succession and Maternity Day roost selection by Myotis septentrionalis in a mesophytic hardwood forest","docAbstract":"<p><span>Conservation of summer maternity roosts is considered critical for bat management in North America, yet many aspects of the physical and environmental factors that drive roost selection are poorly understood. We tracked 58 female northern bats (</span><i>Myotis septentrionalis</i><span>) to 105 roost trees of 21 species on the Fort Knox military reservation in north-central Kentucky during the summer of 2011. Sassafras (</span><i>Sassafras albidum</i><span>) was used as a day roost more than expected based on forest stand-level availability and accounted for 48.6% of all observed day roosts. Using logistic regression and an information theoretic approach, we were unable to reliably differentiate between sassafras and other roost species or between day roosts used during different maternity periods using models representative of individual tree metrics, site metrics, topographic location, or combinations of these factors. For northern bats, we suggest that day-roost selection is not a function of differences between individual tree species&nbsp;</span><i>per se</i><span>, but rather of forest successional patterns, stand and tree structure. Present successional trajectories may not provide this particular selected structure again without management intervention, thereby suggesting that resource managers take a relatively long retrospective view to manage current and future forest conditions for bats.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Forest Ecology and Management","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1155/2012/148106","usgsCitation":"Silvis, A., Ford, W.M., Britzke, E.R., Beane, N.R., and Johnson, J.B., 2012, Forest Succession and Maternity Day roost selection by Myotis septentrionalis in a mesophytic hardwood forest: International Journal of Forestry Research, v. 2012, 148106, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/148106.","productDescription":"148106, 8 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037748","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/148106","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323383,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Bullitt County, Hardin County, Meade County","otherGeospatial":"Fort Knox military reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.94249653210159,\n              38.00124780680173\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.96532886346564,\n              37.97547849637574\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.98147203580368,\n              37.97195866314115\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.98709577130873,\n              37.97009948756187\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.9962437788612,\n      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VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, W. 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,{"id":70035492,"text":"70035492 - 2012 - An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T16:39:21.889556","indexId":"70035492","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system","docAbstract":"<p><span>Accurate topographic data are critical to restoration science and planning for the Everglades region of South Florida, USA. They are needed to monitor and simulate water level, water depth and hydroperiod and are used in scientific research on hydrologic and biologic processes. Because large wetland environments and data acquisition challenge conventional ground-based and remotely sensed data collection methods, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) adapted a classical data collection instrument to global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. Data acquired with this instrument were processed using geostatistics to yield sub-water level elevation values with centimetre accuracy (±15 cm). The developed database framework, modelling philosophy and metadata protocol allow for continued, collaborative model revision and expansion, given additional elevation or other ancillary data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2010.533212","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.W., Desmond, G., Henkle, C., and Glover, R., 2012, An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built helicopter-based surveying system: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 33, no. 2, p. 450-465, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.533212.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"465","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.533212"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.14501953125,\n              25.105497373014686\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.22216796875,\n              25.145284610685064\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.8486328125,\n              25.898761936567023\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.9365234375,\n              26.33280692289788\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.0458984375,\n              26.33280692289788\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.14501953125,\n              25.105497373014686\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea0ce4b0c8380cd485db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, J. W.","contributorId":89233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Desmond, G.B.","contributorId":35014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desmond","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henkle, C.","contributorId":91319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henkle","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glover, R.","contributorId":103106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glover","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70148290,"text":"70148290 - 2012 - Synthesis study of an erosion hot spot, Ocean Beach, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T09:56:08","indexId":"70148290","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesis study of an erosion hot spot, Ocean Beach, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>A synthesis of multiple coastal morphodynamic research efforts is presented to identify the processes responsible for persistent erosion along a 1-km segment of 7-km-long Ocean Beach in San Francisco, California. The beach is situated adjacent to a major tidal inlet and in the shadow of the ebb-tidal delta at the mouth of San Francisco Bay. Ocean Beach is exposed to a high-energy wave climate and significant alongshore variability in forcing introduced by varying nearshore bathymetry, tidal forcing, and beach morphology (</span><i>e.g.</i><span>, beach variably backed by seawall, dunes, and bluffs). In addition, significant regional anthropogenic factors have influenced sediment supply and tidal current strength. A variety of techniques were employed to investigate the erosion at Ocean Beach, including historical shoreline and bathymetric analysis, monthly beach topographic surveys, nearshore and regional bathymetric surveys, beach and nearshore grain size analysis, two surf-zone hydrodynamic experiments, four sets of nearshore wave and current experiments, and several numerical modeling approaches. Here, we synthesize the results of 7&nbsp;years of data collection to lay out the causes of persistent erosion, demonstrating the effectiveness of integrating an array of data sets covering a huge range of spatial scales. The key findings are as follows: anthropogenic influences have reduced sediment supply from San Francisco Bay, leading to pervasive contraction (</span><i>i.e.</i><span>, both volume and area loss) of the ebb-tidal delta, which in turn reduced the regional grain size and modified wave focusing patterns along Ocean Beach, altering nearshore circulation and sediment transport patterns. In addition, scour associated with an exposed sewage outfall pipe causes a local depression in wave heights, significantly modifying nearshore circulation patterns that have been shown through modeling to be key drivers of persistent erosion in that area.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00212.1","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P., Hansen, J., and Erikson, L., 2012, Synthesis study of an erosion hot spot, Ocean Beach, California: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 28, no. 4, p. 903-922, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00212.1.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"903","endPage":"922","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034984","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"Ocean Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.58132934570311,\n              37.77722770873696\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.58132934570311,\n              37.86347038587407\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4151611328125,\n              37.86347038587407\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4151611328125,\n              37.77722770873696\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.58132934570311,\n              37.77722770873696\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566eae4e4b0d9246a9ec302","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":138921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, Jeff E.","contributorId":60339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jeff E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erikson, Li H. lerikson@usgs.gov","contributorId":138920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li H.","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173603,"text":"70173603 - 2012 - Native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife distribution related to temperature and light gradients in Lake Champlain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T16:04:12","indexId":"70173603","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife distribution related to temperature and light gradients in Lake Champlain","docAbstract":"<p><span>Alewife (</span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span>) recently became established in Lake Champlain and may compete with native rainbow smelt (</span><i>Osmerus mordax</i><span>) for food or consume larval rainbow smelt. The strength of this effect depends partly on the spatial and temporal overlap of different age groups of the two species; therefore, we need a better understanding of factors affecting alewife and rainbow smelt distributions in Lake Champlain. We used hydroacoustics, trawls, and gill nets to document vertical fish distribution, and recorded environmental data during 16&nbsp;day&ndash;night surveys over two years. Temperature, temperature change, and light were all predictors of adult and age-0 rainbow smelt distribution, and temperature and light were predictors of age-0 alewives' distribution (based on GAMM models evaluated with AIC). Adult alewives were 5&ndash;30&nbsp;m shallower and age-0 alewives were 2&ndash;15&nbsp;m shallower than their rainbow smelt counterparts. Adult rainbow smelt distribution overlapped with age-0 rainbow smelt and age-0 alewives near the thermocline (10&ndash;25&nbsp;m), whereas adult alewives were shallower (0&ndash;6&nbsp;m) and overlapped with age-0 alewives and rainbow smelt in the epilimnion. Adult rainbow smelt were in water &lt;&nbsp;10&ndash;12&nbsp;&deg;C, whereas age-0 rainbow smelt were in 10&ndash;20&nbsp;&deg;C, and adult and age-0 alewives were in 15&ndash;22&nbsp;&deg;C water. Predicting these species distributions is necessary for quantifying the strength of predatory and competitive interactions between alewife and rainbow smelt, as well as between alewife and other fish species in Lake Champlain.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2011.06.002","usgsCitation":"Parrish, D.L., Simonin, P.W., Rudstam, L.G., Sullivan, P., and Pientka, B., 2012, Native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife distribution related to temperature and light gradients in Lake Champlain: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 38, no. 1, p. 115-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2011.06.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"122","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025329","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.22250366210938,\n              44.457309801319305\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.29391479492188,\n              44.46025037930627\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.33511352539062,\n              44.3670601700202\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.21563720703125,\n              44.37196862007497\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.21975708007812,\n              44.449467536006935\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.22250366210938,\n              44.457309801319305\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f062e4b04f417c24dcf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrish, Donna L. 0000-0001-9693-6329 dparrish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9693-6329","contributorId":138661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Donna","email":"dparrish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simonin, Paul W.","contributorId":171499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simonin","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":18160,"text":"Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G.","contributorId":56609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sullivan, Patrick J.","contributorId":97813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Patrick J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pientka, Bernard","contributorId":171500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pientka","given":"Bernard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032300,"text":"70032300 - 2012 - Building on crossvalidation for increasing the quality of geostatistical modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T15:28:13","indexId":"70032300","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3478,"text":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Building on crossvalidation for increasing the quality of geostatistical modeling","docAbstract":"<p><span>The random function is a mathematical model commonly used in the assessment of uncertainty associated with a spatially correlated attribute that has been partially sampled. There are multiple algorithms for modeling such random functions, all sharing the requirement of specifying various parameters that have critical influence on the results. The importance of finding ways to compare the methods and setting parameters to obtain results that better model uncertainty has increased as these algorithms have grown in number and complexity. Crossvalidation has been used in spatial statistics, mostly in kriging, for the analysis of mean square errors. An appeal of this approach is its ability to work with the same empirical sample available for running the algorithms. This paper goes beyond checking estimates by formulating a function sensitive to conditional bias. Under ideal conditions, such function turns into a straight line, which can be used as a reference for preparing measures of performance. Applied to kriging, deviations from the ideal line provide sensitivity to the semivariogram lacking in crossvalidation of kriging errors and are more sensitive to conditional bias than analyses of errors. In terms of stochastic simulation, in addition to finding better parameters, the deviations allow comparison of the realizations resulting from the applications of different methods. Examples show improvements of about 30% in the deviations and approximately 10% in the square root of mean square errors between reasonable starting modelling and the solutions according to the new criteria.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00477-011-0496-2","issn":"14363240","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., 2012, Building on crossvalidation for increasing the quality of geostatistical modeling: Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, v. 26, no. 1, p. 73-82, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-011-0496-2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"82","ipdsId":"IP-017264","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215014,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-011-0496-2"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2a9e4b0c8380cd4b2a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":26436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":435503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70032287,"text":"70032287 - 2012 - Climate change and human health: Spatial modeling of water availability, malnutrition, and livelihoods in Mali, Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:19:00","indexId":"70032287","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":836,"text":"Applied Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change and human health: Spatial modeling of water availability, malnutrition, and livelihoods in Mali, Africa","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study develops a novel approach for projecting climate trends in the Sahel in relation to shifting livelihood zones and health outcomes. Focusing on Mali, we explore baseline relationships between temperature, precipitation, livelihood, and malnutrition in 407 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) clusters with a total of 14,238 children, resulting in a thorough spatial analysis of coupled climate-health dynamics. Results suggest links between livelihoods and each measure of malnutrition, as well as a link between climate and stunting. A ‘front-line’ of vulnerability, related to the transition between agricultural and pastoral livelihoods, is identified as an area where mitigation efforts might be usefully targeted. Additionally, climate is projected to 2025 for the Sahel, and demographic trends are introduced to explore how the intersection of climate and demographics may shift the vulnerability ‘front-line’, potentially exposing an additional 6 million people in Mali, up to a million of them children, to heightened risk of malnutrition from climate and livelihood changes. Results indicate that, holding constant morbidity levels, approximately one quarter of a million children will suffer stunting, nearly two hundred thousand will be malnourished, and over one hundred thousand will become anemic in this expanding arid zone by 2025. Climate and health research conducted at finer spatial scales and within shorter projected time lines can identify vulnerability hot spots that are of the highest priority for adaptation interventions; such an analysis can also identify areas with similar characteristics that may be at heightened risk. Such meso-scale coupled human-environment research may facilitate appropriate policy interventions strategically located beyond today’s vulnerability front-line.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.08.009","issn":"01436228","usgsCitation":"Jankowska, M.M., Lopez-Carr, D., Funk, C., Husak, G.J., and Chafe, Z., 2012, Climate change and human health: Spatial modeling of water availability, malnutrition, and livelihoods in Mali, Africa: Applied Geography, v. 33, no. 1, p. 4-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.08.009.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214763,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.08.009"},{"id":242513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f64ce4b0c8380cd4c68b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jankowska, Marta M.","contributorId":145838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jankowska","given":"Marta","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16253,"text":"Department of Geography, San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":435448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopez-Carr, David","contributorId":193003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez-Carr","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Husak, Gregory J.","contributorId":34435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Husak","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chafe, Z.A.","contributorId":23777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chafe","given":"Z.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032281,"text":"70032281 - 2012 - Climate model simulations of the mid-Pliocene: Earth's last great interval of global warmth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:16:16","indexId":"70032281","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate model simulations of the mid-Pliocene: Earth's last great interval of global warmth","docAbstract":"Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Workshop; Reston, Virginia, 2–4 August 2011 The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP), supported by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) project and Powell Center, is an integral part of a third iteration of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP3). PlioMIP's aim is to systematically compare structurally different climate models. This is done in the context of the mid-Pliocene (~3.3–3.0 million years ago), a geological interval when the global annual mean temperature was similar to predictions for the next century.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2012EO020002","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Dolan, A., Haywood, A., and Dowsett, H., 2012, Climate model simulations of the mid-Pliocene: Earth's last great interval of global warmth: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 93, no. 2, p. 18-18, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012EO020002.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"18","costCenters":[{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474674,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012eo020002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214666,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012EO020002"}],"volume":"93","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f653e4b0c8380cd4c6c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dolan, A.M.","contributorId":40818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolan","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haywood, A.M.","contributorId":101050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haywood","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dowsett, H.J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":87924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193290,"text":"70193290 - 2012 - Listening to the 2011 magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T15:50:47","indexId":"70193290","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Listening to the 2011 magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake","docAbstract":"<p><span>The magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake on 11 March 2011 is the largest earthquake to date in Japan’s modern history and is ranked as the fourth largest earthquake in the world since 1900. This earthquake occurred within the northeast Japan subduction zone (Figure 1</span><span>), where the Pacific plate is subducting beneath the Okhotsk plate at rate of ∼8–9 cm/yr (DeMets et al. 2010</span><span>). This type of extremely large earthquake within a subduction zone is generally termed a “megathrust” earthquake. Strong shaking from this magnitude 9 earthquake engulfed the entire Japanese Islands, reaching a maximum acceleration ∼3 times that of gravity (3 g). Two days prior to the main event, a foreshock sequence occurred, including one earthquake of magnitude 7.2. Following the main event, numerous aftershocks occurred around the main slip region; the largest of these was magnitude 7.9. The entire foreshocks-mainshock-aftershocks sequence was well recorded by thousands of sensitive seismometers and geodetic instruments across Japan, resulting in the best-recorded megathrust earthquake in history. This devastating earthquake resulted in significant damage and high death tolls caused primarily by the associated large tsunami. This tsunami reached heights of more than 30 m, and inundation propagated inland more than 5 km from the Pacific coast, which also caused a nuclear crisis that is still affecting people’s lives in certain regions of Japan.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.83.2.287","usgsCitation":"Peng, Z., Aiken, C., Kilb, D., Shelly, D.R., and Enescu, B., 2012, Listening to the 2011 magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake: Seismological Research Letters, v. 83, no. 2, p. 287-293, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.83.2.287.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"293","ipdsId":"IP-035386","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347927,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              140,\n              35.5\n            ],\n            [\n              143,\n              35.5\n            ],\n            [\n              143,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              140,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              140,\n              35.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"83","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bc0e4b0531197afa063","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peng, Zhigang","contributorId":69432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"Zhigang","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, Chastity","contributorId":106770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"Chastity","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kilb, Debi","contributorId":90892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilb","given":"Debi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enescu, Bogdan","contributorId":199289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enescu","given":"Bogdan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70157249,"text":"70157249 - 2012 - Structural equation modeling and the analysis of long-term monitoring data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-15T17:36:16","indexId":"70157249","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Structural equation modeling and the analysis of long-term monitoring data","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge; New York","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., Keeley, J.E., Johnson, D., and Bollen, K.A., 2012, Structural equation modeling and the analysis of long-term monitoring data, chap. <i>of</i> Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies, p. 325-360.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"360","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f94141e4b05d6c4e5013a6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gitzen, Robert A.","contributorId":75498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gitzen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572410,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millspaugh, Joshua J.","contributorId":11141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"Joshua J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572411,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, Andrew B.","contributorId":112048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572412,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Licht, Daniel S.","contributorId":113213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Licht","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572413,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Darren J.","contributorId":100291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Darren J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bollen, Kenneth A.","contributorId":93989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollen","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032269,"text":"70032269 - 2012 - Gene transcription in sea otters (Enhydra lutris); development of a diagnostic tool for sea otter and ecosystem health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T16:43:53","indexId":"70032269","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Gene transcription in sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>); development of a diagnostic tool for sea otter and ecosystem health","title":"Gene transcription in sea otters (Enhydra lutris); development of a diagnostic tool for sea otter and ecosystem health","docAbstract":"Gene transcription analysis for diagnosing or monitoring wildlife health requires the ability to distinguish pathophysiological change from natural variation. Herein, we describe methodology for the development of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays to measure differential transcript levels of multiple immune function genes in the sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>); sea otter-specific qPCR primer sequences for the genes of interest are defined. We establish a ‘reference’ range of transcripts for each gene in a group of clinically healthy captive and free-ranging sea otters. The 10 genes of interest represent multiple physiological systems that play a role in immuno-modulation, inflammation, cell protection, tumour suppression, cellular stress response, xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, antioxidant enzymes and cell–cell adhesion. The cycle threshold (C<sub>T</sub>) measures for most genes were normally distributed; the complement cytolysis inhibitor was the exception. The relative enumeration of multiple gene transcripts in simple peripheral blood samples expands the diagnostic capability currently available to assess the health of sea otters in situ and provides a better understanding of the state of their environment.","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03060.x","issn":"1755098X","usgsCitation":"Bowen, L., Miles, A.K., Murray, M., Haulena, M., Tuttle, J., van Bonn, W., Adams, L., Bodkin, J.L., Ballachey, B.E., Estes, J.A., Tinker, M.T., Keister, R., and Stott, J.L., 2012, Gene transcription in sea otters (Enhydra lutris); development of a diagnostic tool for sea otter and ecosystem health: Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 12, no. 1, p. 67-74, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03060.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"74","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14fbe4b0c8380cd54c5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murray, Michael","contributorId":51561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haulena, Martin","contributorId":35559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haulena","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tuttle, Judy","contributorId":45534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Judy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"van Bonn, William","contributorId":100631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Bonn","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Adams, Lance","contributorId":49998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Lance","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":435360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Keister, Robin","contributorId":52416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keister","given":"Robin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Stott, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":82146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stott","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70032649,"text":"70032649 - 2012 - Updated determination of stress parameters for nine well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T16:51:03","indexId":"70032649","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Updated determination of stress parameters for nine well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stress parameters (Δ</span><i>σ</i><span>) are determined for nine relatively well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America for ten attenuation models. This is an update of a previous study by Boore<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>et al.</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(2010). New to this paper are observations from the 2010 Val des Bois earthquake, additional observations for the 1988 Saguenay and 2005 Riviere du Loup earthquakes, and consideration of six attenuation models in addition to the four used in the previous study. As in that study, it is clear that Δ</span><i>σ</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>depends strongly on the rate of geometrical spreading (as well as other model parameters). The observations necessary to determine conclusively which attenuation model best fits the data are still lacking. At this time, a simple 1/</span><i>R</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>model seems to give as good an overall fit to the data as more complex models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.83.1.190","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Boore, D.M., 2012, Updated determination of stress parameters for nine well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America: Seismological Research Letters, v. 83, no. 1, p. 190-199, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.83.1.190.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-034108","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213701,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.83.1.190"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd16e4b08c986b328ebe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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