Enclosed is a copy of an early Landsat-3 RBV image of Cape Canaveral printed at 1:500,000 scale. The exposure setting was 5.6 milliseconds (ms) which resulted in some overexposure. With the shorter exposure times of 2.4 or 4 ms, which will generally be used, overall exposure should be more normal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78507","usgsCitation":"Colvocoresses, A.P., 1978, Landsat 3 Return Beam Vidicon (RBV) imagery (EC 62 Landsat): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-507, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78507.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":426458,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0507/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142090,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0507/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Cape Canaveral","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.64298342320141,\n 28.433610208424298\n ],\n [\n -80.64298342320141,\n 28.37623228493831\n ],\n [\n -80.57569221978626,\n 28.37623228493831\n ],\n [\n -80.57569221978626,\n 28.433610208424298\n ],\n [\n -80.64298342320141,\n 28.433610208424298\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colvocoresses, Alden P.","contributorId":72779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvocoresses","given":"Alden","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":157652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7317,"text":"ofr78378 - 1978 - Metropolitan land cover inventory using multiseasonal Landsat data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T14:58:48","indexId":"ofr78378","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-378","title":"Metropolitan land cover inventory using multiseasonal Landsat data","docAbstract":"As a part of the Pacific Northwest Land Resources Inventory Demonstration Project (PNLRIDP), planners from State, regional, and local agencies in Oregon are working with scientists from the EROS Data Center (USGS), Ames Research Center (NASA), and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (California Institute of Technology) to obtain practical training and experience in the analysis of remotely sensed data collected from air and spacecraft. A 4,000 km2 area centered on metropolitan Portland was chosen as the demonstration site, and a four-date Landsat temporal overlay was created which contained January, April, July, and October data collected in 1973. Digital multispectral analysis of single dates and two-date combinations revealed that the spring-summer and summer-fall combinations were the most satisfactory for land cover inventory. Residential, commercial and industrial, improved open space, water, forested, and agriculture land cover categories were obtained consistently in the majority of classification iterations. Census tract and traffic zone boundaries were digitized and registered with the Landsat data to facilitate integration of the land cover information with socioeconomic and environmental data already available to Oregon planners.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78378","usgsCitation":"Todd, W.J., Hill, R., Henry, C., and Lake, B., 1978, Metropolitan land cover inventory using multiseasonal Landsat data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-378, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78378.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0378/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34715,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0378/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a56e4b07f02db62da9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, William J.","contributorId":51595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, R.N.","contributorId":14243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henry, C.C.","contributorId":70243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lake, B.L.","contributorId":33575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lake","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70112357,"text":"70112357 - 1978 - EROS Data Center Landsat digital enhancement techniques and imagery availability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:09:17","indexId":"70112357","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T16:15:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1175,"text":"Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"EROS Data Center Landsat digital enhancement techniques and imagery availability","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey's EROS Data Center (EDC) is experimenting with the production of digitally enhanced Landsat imagery. Advanced digital image processing techniques are used to perform geometric and radiometric corrections and to perform contrast and edge enhancements. The enhanced image product is produced from digitally preprocessed Landsat computer compatible tapes (CCTs) on a laser beam film recording system. Landsat CCT data have several geometric distortions which are corrected when NASA produces the standard film products. When producing film images from CCT's, geometric correction of the data is required. The EDC Digital Image Enhancement System (EDIES) compensates for geometric distortions introduced by Earth's rotation, variable line length, non-uniform mirror scan velocity, and detector misregistration. Radiometric anomalies such as bad data lines and striping are common to many Landsat film products and are also in the CCT data. Bad data lines or line segments with more than 150 contiguous bad pixels are corrected by inserting data from the previous line in place of the bad data. Striping, caused by variations in detector gain and offset, is removed with a destriping algorithm applied after digitally enhancing the data. Image enhancement is performed by applying a linear contrast stretch and an edge enhancement algorithm. The linear contrast enhancement algorithm is designed to expand digitally the full range of useful data recorded on the CCT over the range of 256 digital counts. This minimizes the effect of atmospheric scattering and saturates the relative brightness of highly reflecting features such as clouds or snow. It is the intent that no meaningful terrain data are eliminated by the digital processing. The edge enhancement algorithm is designed to enhance boundaries between terrain features that exhibit subtle differences in brightness values along edges of features. After the digital data have been processed, data for each Landsat band are recorded on black-and-white film with a laser beam film recorder (LBR). The LBR corrects for aspect ratio distortions as the digital data are recorded on the recording film over a preselected density range. Positive transparencies of MSS bands 4, 5, and 7 produced by the LBR are used to make color composite transparencies. Color film positives are made photographically from first generation black-and-white products generated on the LBR.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, Canada","usgsCitation":"Rohde, W.G., Lo, J.K., and Pohl, R.A., 1978, EROS Data Center Landsat digital enhancement techniques and imagery availability: Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 4, no. 1, p. 63-76.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"76","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acbf1e4b0e83db6d08ef5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rohde, Wayne G.","contributorId":84630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohde","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lo, Jinn Kai","contributorId":23071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lo","given":"Jinn","email":"","middleInitial":"Kai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pohl, Russell A.","contributorId":39698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohl","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70112352,"text":"70112352 - 1978 - Use of a remote computer terminal during field checking of Landsat digital maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:09:41","indexId":"70112352","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T16:11:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a remote computer terminal during field checking of Landsat digital maps","docAbstract":"Field checking of small-scale land classification maps made digitally from Landsat data is facilitated by use of a remote portable teletypewriter terminal linked by teleplume to the IDIMS (Interactive Digital Image Manipulation System) at the EDC (EROS Data Center), Sioux Falls, S. Dak. When field checking of maps 20 miles northeast of Baker, Calif., during the day showed that changes in classification were needed, the terminal was used at night to combine image statistical files, remap portions of images, and produce new alphanumeric maps for field checking during the next day. The alphanumeric maps can be used without serious difficulty in location in the field even though the scale is distorted, and statistical files created during the field check can be used for full image classification and map output at the EDC. This process makes field checking faster than normal, provides interaction with the statistical data while in the field, and reduces to a minimum the number of trips needed to work interactively with the IDIMS at the EDC, thus saving significant amounts of time and money. The only significant problem is using telephone lines which at times create spurious characters in the printout or prevent the line feed (paper advance) signal from reaching the terminal, thus overprinting lines which should be sequential. We recommend that maps for field checking be made with more spectral classes than are expected because in the field it is much easier to group classes than to reclassify or separate classes when only the remote terminal is available for display.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Robinove, C.J., and Hutchinson, C., 1978, Use of a remote computer terminal during field checking of Landsat digital maps: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 6, no. 4, p. 511-514.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"511","endPage":"514","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288565,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288564,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70007427"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acc5ce4b0e83db6d0904c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinove, Charles J.","contributorId":16983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinove","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchinson, C.F.","contributorId":77049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70112349,"text":"70112349 - 1978 - Tectolinear interpretation of a 1:5,000,000 Landsat-1 mosaic compared with the structure of central and eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T16:40:08.789381","indexId":"70112349","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T15:55:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1843,"text":"Global Tectonics and Metallogeny","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectolinear interpretation of a 1:5,000,000 Landsat-1 mosaic compared with the structure of central and eastern United States","docAbstract":"The pattern of lineaments and curvilinear features interpreted from a 1:5,000,000 mosaic of satellite images (Landsat-1 was superimposed on a simplified version of the Geological Map of the United States, 1:2,500,000 scale, showing the structural scheme of Central and Eastern United States. A comparison of the above two patterns, shown in Fig. 1, is presented in this paper.
","language":"English","publisher":"Schweitzerbart Science Publishers","doi":"10.1127/gtm/1/1978/78","usgsCitation":"Kutina, J., and Carter, W.D., 1978, Tectolinear interpretation of a 1:5,000,000 Landsat-1 mosaic compared with the structure of central and eastern United States: Global Tectonics and Metallogeny, v. 1, no. 1, p. 78-82, https://doi.org/10.1127/gtm/1/1978/78.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288559,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.26275246803011,\n 29.77126505459266\n ],\n [\n -97.11146138111035,\n 48.90789545281613\n ],\n [\n -64.66899459867483,\n 47.321781303225585\n ],\n [\n -79.05645173590027,\n 23.751133665900454\n ],\n [\n -94.26275246803011,\n 29.77126505459266\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acc58e4b0e83db6d09023","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kutina, Jan","contributorId":48102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kutina","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, William D.","contributorId":64567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70112348,"text":"70112348 - 1978 - Hydrological applications of Landsat imagery used in the study of the 1973 Indus River flood, Pakistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:11:13","indexId":"70112348","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T15:50:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrological applications of Landsat imagery used in the study of the 1973 Indus River flood, Pakistan","docAbstract":"During August and September 1973, the Indus River Valley of Pakistan experienced one of the largest floods on record, resulting in damages to homes, businesses, public works, and crops amounting to millions of rupees. Tremendous areas of lowlands were inundated along the Indus River and major tributaries. Landsat data made it possible to easily measure the extent of flooding, totaling about 20,000 km2 within an area of about 400,000 km2 south from the Punjab to the Arabian Sea.
The Indus River data were used to continue experimentation in the development of rapid, accurate, and inexpensive optical techniques of flood mapping by satellite begun in 1973 for the Mississipi River floods. The research work on the Indus River not resulted in the development of more effective procedures for optical processing of flood data and synoptically depicting flooding, but also provided potentially valuable ancillary information concerning the hydrology of much of the Indus River Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1978.tb02165.x","usgsCitation":"Deutsch, M., and Ruggles, F., 1978, Hydrological applications of Landsat imagery used in the study of the 1973 Indus River flood, Pakistan: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 14, no. 2, p. 261-274, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1978.tb02165.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288557,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1978.tb02165.x"}],"country":"Pakistan","otherGeospatial":"Indus River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 67.42,23.99 ], [ 67.42,35.54 ], [ 73.59,35.54 ], [ 73.59,23.99 ], [ 67.42,23.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acc03e4b0e83db6d08f63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deutsch, Morris","contributorId":69119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deutsch","given":"Morris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruggles, F.H. Jr.","contributorId":75822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggles","given":"F.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048797,"text":"70048797 - 1978 - Manual on characteristics of Landsat computer-compatible tapes produced by the EROS Data Center digital image processing system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T10:19:27","indexId":"70048797","displayToPublicDate":"1979-11-05T15:15:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Manual on characteristics of Landsat computer-compatible tapes produced by the EROS Data Center digital image processing system","docAbstract":"Landsat data are received by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) tracking stations and converted into digital form on high-density tapes (HDTs) by the Image Processing Facility (IPF) at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, Maryland. The HDTs are shipped to the EROS Data Center (EDC) where they are converted into customer products by the EROS Data Center digital image processing system (EDIPS). This document describes in detail one of these products: the computer-compatible tape (CCT) produced from Landsat-1, -2, and -3 multispectral scanner (MSS) data and Landsat-3 only return-beam vidicon (RBV) data. Landsat-1 and -2 RBV data will not be processed by IPF/EDIPS to CCT format.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70048797","usgsCitation":"Holkenbrink, P.F., 1978, Manual on characteristics of Landsat computer-compatible tapes produced by the EROS Data Center digital image processing system (Revised), vi, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70048797.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"78","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290110,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290109,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70048797/report.pdf"}],"edition":"Revised","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527a218ee4b051792d01957a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holkenbrink, Patrick F. (compiler)","contributorId":12360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holkenbrink","given":"Patrick","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70157215,"text":"70157215 - 1978 - Digital and photographic processing study for shallow seas mapping from landsat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:12:50","indexId":"70157215","displayToPublicDate":"1978-12-31T20:30:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":383,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Digital and photographic processing study for shallow seas mapping from landsat","docAbstract":"The application of contrast stretch and haze removal techniques to Landsat/MSS imagery for shallow seas bathymetry is discussed. The application of these techniques is based upon procedures inherent in the EDIPS system processing. Application of both MSS band 4 and band 5 data are discussed in lx and 3x gain mode. Both quantitative and qualitative (imagery) data are used to demonstrate the existence of bathymetric information after EDIPS processing.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70157215","usgsCitation":"Bauer, B.P., and Perry, L., 1978, Digital and photographic processing study for shallow seas mapping from landsat: Technical Report, iv, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70157215.","productDescription":"iv, 44 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70157215.JPG"},{"id":309567,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70157215/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f7efcae4b05d6c4e4fa9a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bauer, Brian P.","contributorId":58946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, Lincoln","contributorId":147670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perry","given":"Lincoln","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70236595,"text":"70236595 - 1978 - Use of Landsat imagery for estimating food available to refuging lesser snow geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-12T15:32:53.826774","indexId":"70236595","displayToPublicDate":"1978-12-31T10:10:50","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of Landsat imagery for estimating food available to refuging lesser snow geese","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Pecora IV: Application of Remote Sensing Data to Wildlife Management","conferenceDate":"Oct 10-12, 1978","conferenceLocation":"Sioux Falls, SD","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Pecora IV: Proceedings of the symposium: Application of remote sensing data to wildlife management","usgsCitation":"Klaas, E.E., Anderson, W.H., and Frederick, R.B., 1978, Use of Landsat imagery for estimating food available to refuging lesser snow geese, Pecora IV: Application of Remote Sensing Data to Wildlife Management, Sioux Falls, SD, Oct 10-12, 1978, p. 89-94.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"94","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.833740234375,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -96.251220703125,\n 42.439674178149424\n ],\n [\n -96.690673828125,\n 42.39506551565123\n ],\n [\n -96.1962890625,\n 41.36856413680967\n ],\n [\n -95.833740234375,\n 41.52502957323801\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klaas, Erwin E.","contributorId":101219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaas","given":"Erwin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, William H.","contributorId":9678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frederick, Robert B.","contributorId":296422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frederick","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70232435,"text":"70232435 - 1978 - Low-cost computer classification of land cover in the Portland area, Oregon, by signature extension techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T14:08:04.751297","indexId":"70232435","displayToPublicDate":"1978-11-01T09:03:25","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low-cost computer classification of land cover in the Portland area, Oregon, by signature extension techniques","docAbstract":"Computer-aided techniques for interpreting multispectral data acquired by Landsat offer economies in the mapping of land cover. Even so, the actual establishment of the statistical classes, or \"signatures,\" is one of the relatively more costly operations involved. Analysts have, therefore, been seeking cost-saving signature extension techniques that would accept training data acquired at one time or place and apply them to another. Signatures may be extended in preprocessing steps or in the classification steps that follow. In the present example, land cover classes were derived by the simplest and most direct form of signature extension: Classes statistically derived from a Landsat scene of the Puget Sound area, Wash., were applied to the adjacent Landsat scene of the Portland area, Oreg., acquired during the next 25 seconds down orbit. Many features can be recognized on the reduced-scale version of the Portland land cover map shown in this report although no statistical assessment of its accuracy is available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Gaydos, L.J., 1978, Low-cost computer classification of land cover in the Portland area, Oregon, by signature extension techniques: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 6, no. 6, p. 815-819.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"815","endPage":"819","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":402823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1978/vol6issue6/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","city":"Portland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.92578125,\n 44.84808025602074\n ],\n [\n -122.05261230468751,\n 44.84808025602074\n ],\n [\n -122.05261230468751,\n 46.210249600187225\n ],\n [\n -123.92578125,\n 46.210249600187225\n ],\n [\n -123.92578125,\n 44.84808025602074\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaydos, Leonard J.","contributorId":213909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaydos","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231274,"text":"70231274 - 1978 - Targeting exploration for nickel laterites in Indonesia with Landsat data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-04T16:25:15.740189","indexId":"70231274","displayToPublicDate":"1978-05-01T11:15:13","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Targeting exploration for nickel laterites in Indonesia with Landsat data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the twelfth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Twelfth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment","conferenceDate":"April 20-26, 1978","conferenceLocation":"Manila, Philippines","language":"English","publisher":"University of Michigan","usgsCitation":"Fischer, W.A., Orr, D.G., and Greenlee, D.D., 1978, An example of the merging of Landsat, topographic, and aeromagnetic data in a geologic and hydrologic study of a karst region — Claunch, New Mexico, in Proceedings of the twelfth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 2, Manila, Philippines, April 20-26, 1978, p. 805-823.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"805","endPage":"823","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400146,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://symposia.org/past_symposia.htm"},{"id":400148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Claunch","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.1121368408203,\n 34.05152161016494\n ],\n [\n -105.87730407714842,\n 34.05152161016494\n ],\n [\n -105.87730407714842,\n 34.25154099726973\n ],\n [\n -106.1121368408203,\n 34.25154099726973\n ],\n [\n -106.1121368408203,\n 34.05152161016494\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, W. A.","contributorId":91571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, Donald G.","contributorId":6454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greenlee, D. D.","contributorId":20079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenlee","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70232927,"text":"70232927 - 1978 - An \"optimal\" filter for maps showing nominal data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-13T15:34:59.822592","indexId":"70232927","displayToPublicDate":"1978-03-01T10:27:27","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An \"optimal\" filter for maps showing nominal data","docAbstract":"An \"optimal\" filtering technique for use with nominal data, such as land use and land cover categories, has been developed. This method is based on the conditional probability joins of neighboring data elements. In addition to its use in performing filtering, the method can be used to calculate the likelihood of each data element being properly classified. The technique was tested on a land use data set for an area in Walnut Valley, Calif. The computer program performing the filtering process proved to be computationally efficient and produced satisfactory results. Useful statistics of the error estimation process were also generated. Future applications of the method to spectrally classified Landsat data are being explored.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Guptill, S.C., 1978, An \"optimal\" filter for maps showing nominal data: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 6, no. 2, p. 161-167.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"167","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403621,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1978/vol6issue2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guptill, Stephen C.","contributorId":32909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guptill","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70232925,"text":"70232925 - 1978 - Remote-sensing methods for monitoring surface coal mining in the northern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-13T15:18:03.132253","indexId":"70232925","displayToPublicDate":"1978-03-01T10:12:32","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote-sensing methods for monitoring surface coal mining in the northern Great Plains","docAbstract":"Recent studies at a large surface coal mine in southern Montana confirm that remote sensing is both feasible and effective for gathering land-use and environmental data (spatial, dynamic, and seasonal) for large-scale surface mines in the northern Great Plains. The Western Energy Co.'s Rosebud mine near Colstrip, Mont., was selected as a test site because it typifies surface operations in the Powder River Basin of Montana and Wyoming and elsewhere in the northern Great Plains. Several basic interpretive and analytical remote-sensing techniques were used to identify and delineate various categories of surface-mining operations and concurrent stages of reclamation that characterize most, if not all, such mining operations. Color infrared and black-and-white aerial photographs and a black-and-white band 5 Landsat image were used to identify (1) high wall and bench areas, (2) ungraded spoils, (3) graded and recontoured areas, (4) revegetated recontoured areas, (5) natural and impounded surface water, and (6) miscellaneous areas. Over the lifespan of an extensive surface mine, cultural and natural processes and cumulative environmental effects can be monitored by capitalizing on the close correlation between enhanced satellite imagery, infrared and (or) black-and-white aerial photography, standard large-scale topographic maps (such as U.S. Geological Survey 7½-minute quadrangle maps), and results of onsite inspection of mining and reclamation by Federal or State agencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Mamula, N., 1978, Remote-sensing methods for monitoring surface coal mining in the northern Great Plains: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 6, no. 2, p. 149-160.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"160","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403616,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1978/vol6issue2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 45\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mamula, Ned Jr.","contributorId":293155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mamula","given":"Ned","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207129,"text":"70207129 - 1978 - Remote-sensing and subsurface definition of facies and structure related to uranium deposits, Powder River Basin, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-09T06:29:02","indexId":"70207129","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-12T06:24:09","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote-sensing and subsurface definition of facies and structure related to uranium deposits, Powder River Basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Computer-enhanced Landsat images of the southern Powder River Basin have been used to define facies and linear structural features within the Wasatch Formation. The facies distribution is detectable primarily because of a relation of vegetation density and type to the local substrate. The surface indications of facies are confirmed by sandstone/ mudstone ratios determined from logs of abundant exploration drill holes. These newly defined geologic features are spatially related to known uranium mineral occurrences and are believed to be related to mineralization in the following ways. (1) Major uranium occurrences are virtually restricted to an intermediate grain-size facies of the Wasatch, probably marking the axial zone of the depositional basin. (2) The axial zone is also marked by a change from one structural lineament domain to another, and the structures may have influenced details of fluvial-system patterns and sedimentation and (subsequently) the flow of uranium-bearing ground water. (3) A recently active linear structure may mark the current basin axis; it appears to have some relationship both to groundwater chemistry and the distribution of uranium occurrences, suggesting structural influence on relatively modern ground-water transport and uranium deposition. © 1978 Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists ","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.73.8.1706","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Raines, G.L., Offield, T., and Santos, E., 1978, Remote-sensing and subsurface definition of facies and structure related to uranium deposits, Powder River Basin, Wyoming: Economic Geology, v. 73, no. 8, p. 1706-1723, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.73.8.1706.","productDescription":"18 p. 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\"}}]}","volume":"73","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1978-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, G. L.","contributorId":90720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"G.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Offield, Terry W.","contributorId":64217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Offield","given":"Terry W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Santos, E.S.","contributorId":95883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santos","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70119884,"text":"70119884 - 1978 - Landsat digital data classification for land use and wildlife habitat inventory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-11T11:36:57","indexId":"70119884","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T11:36:20","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Landsat digital data classification for land use and wildlife habitat inventory","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"Bendix Aerospace Systems Division","publisherLocation":"Ann Arbor, MI","usgsCitation":"Bendix Aerospace Systems Division, 1978, Landsat digital data classification for land use and wildlife habitat inventory.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e9d8d3e4b008eaa4f3f667"} ,{"id":70236555,"text":"70236555 - 1978 - Potential applications of satellite imagery in some types of natural resource inventories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-09T17:05:58.96934","indexId":"70236555","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T11:03:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesNumber":"RM-55","title":"Potential applications of satellite imagery in some types of natural resource inventories","docAbstract":"Landsat satellite imagery has been routinely available to researchers and resource scientists since 1972. Many studies have demonstrated the application of Landsat imagery for conducting inventories and mapping various natural resources. Examples of applications presented in this paper include: timber volume
inventory, range productivity inventory, wildland vegetation mapping, inventory of rangeland conversion and irrigated lands, and mapping strip mine disturbance in forested areas. Costs and accuracies for each of these application areas are presented. Landsat data, used in its proper context with appropriate analysis techniques, supporting data, and sound sampling strategies, can be an effective tool in conducting natural resource inventories.
Other Landsat systems, scheduled for launch in 1978 and 1981, will provide continuity in the availability of Landsat data to users. Improvements in the quality and timeliness of data delivered to users, along with improved data handling procedures, analysis techniques, and improved sampling frameworks should increase the use of satellite imagery in natural resource inventories.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Integrated inventories of renewable natural resources: Proceedings of the workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Integrated Inventories of Renewable Natural Resources","conferenceDate":"January 8-12, 1978","conferenceLocation":"Tucson, Arizona, United States","language":"English","publisher":"United States Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Rohde, W.G., 1978, Potential applications of satellite imagery in some types of natural resource inventories, in Integrated inventories of renewable natural resources: Proceedings of the workshop, Tucson, Arizona, United States, January 8-12, 1978, p. 209-218.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"218","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lund, H. Gyde","contributorId":192744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lund","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gyde","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851387,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaBau, Vernon J.","contributorId":296391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaBau","given":"Vernon","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851388,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ffolliott, Peter F.","contributorId":296392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ffolliott","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851389,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robinson, David W.","contributorId":296393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851390,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Rohde, Wayne G.","contributorId":84630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohde","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70233069,"text":"70233069 - 1978 - Porphyry copper exploration model for northern Sonora, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-15T16:02:22.246142","indexId":"70233069","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T10:57:26","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Porphyry copper exploration model for northern Sonora, Mexico","docAbstract":"The regional tectonic pattern of the porphyry copper province of northern Sonora, Mexico, is similar to, but more complex than, the Colorado mineral belt. Four northeast-trending shear zones, spaced at 30- to 50-kilometer intervals from Hermosillo, Mexico, north to Nogales, Mexico, are interpreted from analysis of lineament data from Landsat-1 images. From comparison with other areas, these zones are believed to have Precambrian ancestry. North-northwest-trending lineaments, which commonly occur along range fronts, are interpreted to be the principal basin and range faults. North-south- and west-northwest-trending lineaments are believed to be related to lesser faults and fractures. Areas of hydrothermal alteration have been mapped on a regional scale by use of digital image-processing techniques. These altered areas occur on the flanks of the northeast-trending shear zones, generally near intersections with north-northwest-trending lineaments. This tectonic framework with associated alteration is similar to patterns in the Colorado Plateau, the porphyry copper province of Arizona, and central Mexico and is supported by relationships found in limited local mapping. The pattern of northeast-trending shear zones and north-northwest-trending faults in northern Sonora closely resembles the tectonic framework of the Colorado mineral belt. The younger sedimentary and volcanic cover, however, has not been eroded in Sonora as it has been in the Colorado mineral belt. This comparison with the Colorado mineral belt suggests that mineral deposits are most likely to be found in altered areas where a northeast-trending shear zone is intersected by north-northwest-trending faults. Seven areas with these characteristics have been defined in Sonora and are being evaluated by means of regional geophysical and geochemical data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Raines, G.L., 1978, Porphyry copper exploration model for northern Sonora, Mexico: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 6, no. 1, p. 51-58.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"58","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403817,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403816,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1978/vol6issue1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Sonora","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.5,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 31.5\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 31.5\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 29.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, Gary L.","contributorId":48162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70233067,"text":"70233067 - 1978 - Accuracy and consistency comparisons of land use and land cover maps made from high-altitude photographs and Landsat multispectral imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-15T15:48:51.544265","indexId":"70233067","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T10:47:30","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy and consistency comparisons of land use and land cover maps made from high-altitude photographs and Landsat multispectral imagery","docAbstract":"Accuracy analyses for land use and land cover maps of the 74712-km2 Central Atlantic Regional Ecological Test Site were performed for a 1-percent sample of the area. Researchers compared Level II land use and land cover maps produced at three scales, 1:24000, 1:100000, and 1:250000 from high-altitude photographs, with point data obtained in the field. The same procedures were employed to determine the accuracy of the Level I land use and land cover produced at 1:250 000 scale from high-altitude photographs and color composite Landsat imagery.
The accuracy of the Level II maps was 85 percent at 1:24 000, 77 percent at 1:100 000, and 73 percent at 1:250 000. The accuracy of the Level I 1:250000 maps produced from high-altitude photographs was 77 percent and for those produced from Landsat multispectral imagery was 70 percent. The accuracy of the Level I land use maps produced using Landsat imagery is approximately that of the Level I land use maps produced from high-altitude photography with the exception of urban and built-up land. No built-up land was identified from Landsat imagery in the non-urban areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick-Lins, K., 1978, Accuracy and consistency comparisons of land use and land cover maps made from high-altitude photographs and Landsat multispectral imagery: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 6, no. 1, p. 23-40.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403812,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1978/vol6issue1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick-Lins, Katherine","contributorId":75906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick-Lins","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":846681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012524,"text":"70012524 - 1978 - Interpretation of a Landsat image of an unusual flood phenomenon in Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:12:24","indexId":"70012524","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpretation of a Landsat image of an unusual flood phenomenon in Australia","docAbstract":"A Landsat image of part of the flooded area of Cooper Creek, Queensland, Australia, in February 1974, shows large dark areas within the flooded valley. The dark areas are believed to be wet, but unflooded, areas of dark alluvial soil. These striking features, which have not previously been identified on Landsat images, must be properly interpreted so as not to confuse them with clear water.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0034-4257(78)90033-0","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Robinove, C.J., 1978, Interpretation of a Landsat image of an unusual flood phenomenon in Australia: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 7, no. 3, p. 219-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(78)90033-0.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222664,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289862,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(78)90033-0"}],"country":"Australia","state":"Queensland","otherGeospatial":"Cooper Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 140.8027,-26.8875 ], [ 140.8027,-25.006 ], [ 142.9985,-25.006 ], [ 142.9985,-26.8875 ], [ 140.8027,-26.8875 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d60e4b0c8380cd6350b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinove, Charles J.","contributorId":16983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinove","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":96530,"text":"96530 - 1978 - Use of Landsat data to assess waterfowl habitat quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:56","indexId":"96530","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Use of Landsat data to assess waterfowl habitat quality","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","collaboration":"Final Rept. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD.","usgsCitation":"Colwell, J., Gilmer, D., Work, E., Rebel, D., and Roller, N., 1978, Use of Landsat data to assess waterfowl habitat quality, 83 p.","productDescription":"83 p.","startPage":"83","numberOfPages":"83","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f0e9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colwell, J.","contributorId":61773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colwell","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Work, E.A.","contributorId":7650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rebel, D.L.","contributorId":74700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rebel","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roller, N.E.G.","contributorId":74703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roller","given":"N.E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":93771,"text":"93771 - 1978 - Use of Landsat data to assess waterfowl habitat quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T10:06:17","indexId":"93771","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Use of Landsat data to assess waterfowl habitat quality","docAbstract":"This report is a discussion of the feasibility of using Landsat data to generate information of value for effective management of migratory waterfowl. Effective management of waterfowl includes regulating waterfowl populations through hunting regulations and habitat management. This report examines the ability to analyze annual production by monitoring the number of breeding and brood ponds that are present, and the ability to assess waterfowl habitat based on the various relationships between ponds and the surrounding upland terrain types. The basic conclusions of this report are that: 1) Landsat data can be used to improve estimates of pond numbers which may be correlated with duck production; and 2) Landsat data can be used to generate information on terrain types which subsequently can be used to assess relative waterfowl habitat quality.","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan","publisherLocation":"Ann Arbor, MI","usgsCitation":"Colwell, J., Gilmer, D., Work, E., and Rebel, D., 1978, Use of Landsat data to assess waterfowl habitat quality, 83 pp.","productDescription":"83 pp.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db6051be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colwell, J.E.","contributorId":79048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colwell","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Work, E.A. Jr.","contributorId":33654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"E.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rebel, D.","contributorId":33255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rebel","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159094,"text":"70159094 - 1977 - Photo-optical enhancement of landsat imagery for land use in south-central Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T10:04:18","indexId":"70159094","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Photo-optical enhancement of landsat imagery for land use in south-central Iowa","docAbstract":"Because the photographic laboratory at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory found it difficult to estimate what were the optimal color renditions of the Iowa landscape for land classification purposes, the Iowa Geological Survey developed its own capability for producing color products from digitally enhanced Landsat data. Research has now shown that efficient production of enhanced images requires full utilization of both computer and photographic enhancement . procedures. Experimental photo-optical enhancement techniques carried out at the EROS Data Center (EDC) for a Landsat-1, 29 August 1972 scene, proved to be more easily interpreted for land classification purposes than the EDC standard color composite. I.f digital processing can be minimized by using photographic enhancement techniques, then costs of enhanced products could be greatly reduced. Perhaps one of the major objectives of computer processing of Landsat data should be to produce high quality cosmetically enhanced (eliminate striping and line drops) data which has a range of digital values that can be completely recorded by film media. If digital processinq can distribute reflectance data throughout the entire recording ranqe of photographic film, then photographic enhancement techniques could be employed cheaply by users familiar with the type of information they wish to extract from the imaqery. Alternatively, if custom enhanced imagery is to be produced for users not having a photographic capability, different enhancements may be tried in an iterative fashion in the photographic laboratory, without having to reprocess digital data in the computer for each iteration. The savings in time and money should be considerable using this approach.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sioux Falls, SD","doi":"10.3133/70159094","usgsCitation":"Lucas, J.R., Taranik, J.V., and Billingsley, F.C., 1977, Photo-optical enhancement of landsat imagery for land use in south-central Iowa, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159094.","productDescription":"80 p.","numberOfPages":"94","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":309922,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159094.jpg"},{"id":310357,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159094/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.95483398437499,\n 40.57224011776902\n ],\n [\n -94.95483398437499,\n 42.25291778330197\n ],\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 42.25291778330197\n ],\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 40.57224011776902\n ],\n [\n -94.95483398437499,\n 40.57224011776902\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5620ce8ce4b06217fc478b04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, James R.","contributorId":149239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucas","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taranik, James V.","contributorId":67514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taranik","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Billingsley, Frederic C.","contributorId":149240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Billingsley","given":"Frederic","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9249,"text":"ofr77296 - 1977 - Interpretation of Landsat images: Oman","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T13:56:48","indexId":"ofr77296","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-296","title":"Interpretation of Landsat images: Oman","docAbstract":"
The part of northern Oman shown on this mosaic of two Landsat images extends from Ras al Hadd in the east to the village of Wudam Alwa on the coast of the Gulf of Oman. The mosaic consists of two Landsat images printed in false color on Cibachrome material.
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The three major physiographic provinces of northern Oman are readily distingui shed on the mosaic, through their peculiar tonal and textural characteristics: The coastal plain, known as the Batinah Coast , along t he Gulf of .Oman west-northwest of Muscat; the Oman Mountains; and the foothills in the southwestern part of the interior.