{"pageNumber":"72","pageRowStart":"1775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":2263,"records":[{"id":7804,"text":"ofr77500 - 1977 - Magmatic behavior of Cu, S, Cl, F, and H<sub>2</sub>O in igneous rocks associated with the Ray porphyry copper deposit, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:05","indexId":"ofr77500","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-500","title":"Magmatic behavior of Cu, S, Cl, F, and H<sub>2</sub>O in igneous rocks associated with the Ray porphyry copper deposit, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77500","usgsCitation":"Banks, N.G., 1977, Magmatic behavior of Cu, S, Cl, F, and H<sub>2</sub>O in igneous rocks associated with the Ray porphyry copper deposit, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-500, ii, 28 leaves :ill. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77500.","productDescription":"ii, 28 leaves :ill. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db64921d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, Norman G.","contributorId":89524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7746,"text":"ofr77217 - 1977 - The Triassic Chitistone Limestone, Wrangell Mountains, Alaska: stressing detailed descriptions of sabkha facies and other rocks in lower parts of the Chitistone and their relations to Kennecott-type copper deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:13","indexId":"ofr77217","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-217","title":"The Triassic Chitistone Limestone, Wrangell Mountains, Alaska: stressing detailed descriptions of sabkha facies and other rocks in lower parts of the Chitistone and their relations to Kennecott-type copper deposits","docAbstract":"Recent investigations show that sabkha deposits were important in the genesis of Kennecott-type copper ore. Massive chalcocite-rich lodes at Kennecott and nearby deposits formed in the lower 110 meters of the Upper Triassic Chitistone Limestone. The Chitistone and superimposed Upper Triassic and Jurassic sedimentary rocks formed in a marine basin on and surrounded by the Nikolai Greenstone, a thick, extensive, largely subaerial succession of tholeiitic basalt with intrinsically high copper content. Lowermost 110 meters of the Chitistone contains three incomplete upward-shoaling lime mud cyclic sequences that each consist of shallow subtidal limestone grading upward to intertidal stromatolitic fine-grained dolomite. The youngest cycle contains well-developed sabkha features and dolomitic pisolitic and laminate crust caliches and underlies shallow-marine limestone. The ore deposits are related to the youngest supratidal cycle. This carbonate cycle represents a regional sabkha facies that developed between 90-110 meters above the Nikolai Greenstone. This facies, which contained abundant gypsum-anhydrite, was exposed to vadose weathering that leached much gypsum-anhydrite and developed a vuggy zone interbedded with porous dolomitic caliche zones. Subsequent marine deposition capped the porous zone with an impermeable seal. The youngest sabkha horizon served as a permeable conduit for the ore-forming solution and was instrumental in localizing the major Kennecott-type ores.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77217","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, A.K., and MacKevett, E., 1977, The Triassic Chitistone Limestone, Wrangell Mountains, Alaska: stressing detailed descriptions of sabkha facies and other rocks in lower parts of the Chitistone and their relations to Kennecott-type copper deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-217, ii, 23 p. [19] leaves of plates :ill. (1 fold. in pocket), maps ;27 cm.; (72 p., 9 sheets - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77217.","productDescription":"ii, 23 p. [19] leaves of plates :ill. (1 fold. in pocket), maps ;27 cm.; (72 p., 9 sheets - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0217/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35207,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0217/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db6735d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, Augustus K.","contributorId":68282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Augustus","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacKevett, E. M.","contributorId":32910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKevett","given":"E. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":47633,"text":"wri7649 - 1977 - Heavy metal discharges into Shasta Lake and Keswick reservoirs on the upper Sacramento River, California; a reconnaissance during low flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T17:46:15","indexId":"wri7649","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-49","title":"Heavy metal discharges into Shasta Lake and Keswick reservoirs on the upper Sacramento River, California; a reconnaissance during low flow","docAbstract":"Four out of seventeen streams entering the Shasta-Keswick Reservoir system in California contribute up to 94 percent of the heavy metal load into the upper Sacramento River under the low flow conditions which existed in the fall of 1974. Of these four streams, three contain acid mine drainage, with Spring Creek carrying more than 50 percent of the total load for every element analyzed except lead. The Pit River (the fourth stream) contains low concentrations of metals and has neutral pH values; but since it carries the greatest discharge, its computed loads also are high. The immediate danger to fishin the Shasta-Keswick region is not the contribution of acidity and toxic metals to the total load, but toxicity at the localized point of mixing where the acid streams mix with lake water. Zinc and cadmium, in addition to copper, are present in high concentrations for five of the seventeen streams and may exert significant synergistic effects. The presence of arsenic in some of the ore minerals suggests that it also may contribute to the toxicity of the mine drainage. (Woodard-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri7649","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., Jenne, E.A., and Averett, R.C., 1977, Heavy metal discharges into Shasta Lake and Keswick reservoirs on the upper Sacramento River, California; a reconnaissance during low flow: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-49, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7649.","productDescription":"25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b15e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":235931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenne, Everett A.","contributorId":85582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenne","given":"Everett","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Averett, Robert C.","contributorId":27500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Averett","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":45841,"text":"ofr77338 - 1977 - Map showing distribution pattern of copper from samples of -80 mesh stream sediment, northern Sonora, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:54","indexId":"ofr77338","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-338","title":"Map showing distribution pattern of copper from samples of -80 mesh stream sediment, northern Sonora, Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr77338","usgsCitation":"Frisken, J.G., Turner, R.L., Billings, T.M., Monroy, G., and Ponce, B., 1977, Map showing distribution pattern of copper from samples of -80 mesh stream sediment, northern Sonora, Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-338, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77338.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82814,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0338/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82815,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0338/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9fe4b07f02db66103b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frisken, James G.","contributorId":76740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frisken","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, R. L.","contributorId":93903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Billings, T. M.","contributorId":20304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billings","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monroy, Guillermo","contributorId":104552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monroy","given":"Guillermo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ponce, Benjamin","contributorId":70037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":11738,"text":"ofr78522 - 1977 - The Jabal Murryyi copper prospect, Al'Aqiq quadrangle, sheet 20/41D, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T15:57:31.797847","indexId":"ofr78522","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-522","title":"The Jabal Murryyi copper prospect, Al'Aqiq quadrangle, sheet 20/41D, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr78522","usgsCitation":"Worl, R., and Flanigan, V.J., 1977, The Jabal Murryyi copper prospect, Al'Aqiq quadrangle, sheet 20/41D, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-522, i, 18 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78522.","productDescription":"i, 18 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":374664,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0522/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0522/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              41.609344482421875,\n              20.213233684787088\n            ],\n            [\n              41.72607421875,\n              20.213233684787088\n            ],\n            [\n              41.72607421875,\n              20.313720903877954\n            ],\n            [\n              41.609344482421875,\n              20.313720903877954\n            ],\n            [\n              41.609344482421875,\n              20.213233684787088\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c2b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Worl, Ronald G.","contributorId":87143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worl","given":"Ronald G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flanigan, Vincent J.","contributorId":37735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanigan","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":59592,"text":"mf868F - 1977 - Map showing copper deposits of South America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-20T20:21:38.200834","indexId":"mf868F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"868","chapter":"F","title":"Map showing copper deposits of South America","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf868F","usgsCitation":"Goudarzi, G.H., 1977, Map showing copper deposits of South America: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 868, 1 Plate: 54 x 48 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf868F.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 22.16 x 27.11 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183150,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0868-F/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":364206,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0868-F/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"15000000","otherGeospatial":"South America","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90,-54.2 ], [ -90,12 ], [ -30,12 ], [ -30,-54.2 ], [ -90,-54.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d9ee","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Goudarzi, G. H.","contributorId":69645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goudarzi","given":"G.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956405,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Goudarzi, G. H.","contributorId":69645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goudarzi","given":"G.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":11635,"text":"ofr77734 - 1977 - Quantity and quality of drainage from the Argo Tunnel and other sources related to metal mining in Gilpin, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-19T17:28:34","indexId":"ofr77734","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-734","title":"Quantity and quality of drainage from the Argo Tunnel and other sources related to metal mining in Gilpin, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado","docAbstract":"Eighteen metal-mine drainage sources have been located in that part of Gilpin, Clear Creek, and Park Counties, Colo., lying within the Missouri River basin. At least 13 of these sources are known to contain high acidity and (or) trace-element concentrations or to contribute water to adversely affected streams. From January 1976 to March 1977, drainage from the Argo Tunnel in Idaho Springs--one of the major metal-mine drainage sources in the study area--exhibited variations in discharge from 0.35 to 0.55 cubic feet per second (0.010 to 0.016 cubic meters per second), a relatively constant temperature of 16 degrees Celsius, and variations in specific conductance from 2,680 to 3,410 micromhos per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (though a value of about 3,100 micromhos persisted throughout most of the period of record). High, but relatively constant, total concentrations (in micrograms per liter) of arsenic (100 to 180), cadmium (140 to 170), copper (5,000 to 6,000), iron (160,000 to 200,000), lead (less than 100 to 200), manganese (80,000 to 110,000), and zinc (40,000 to 49,000) were measured in the Argo Tunnel drainage from March 1976 to March 1977. Except for lead, the trace elements were mostly dissolved (82 percent or greater) and appear to represent baseline concentrations. Long-term degradation of water flowing from the Argo Tunnel is shown by increases of at least 2.5 to 8.0 times for dissolved solids, dissolved iron, calcium, magnesium, and sulfate since 1906. The acidity has changed from neutral in 1906 to a median pH value of 2.9 in 1976-77. Comparison of current Argo Tunnel data with those collected previously by other investigators indicates that spring chemical flushes containing higher than baseline trace-element concentrations occurred in 1973 and 1974, but not in 1975 or 1976, and probably not in 1972. The spring chemical flushes appear to be associated with increased infiltration from snowmelt in the catchment of the Argo Tunnel. Because of the wide ranges in mine-drainage quality and quantity expected for discharges from abandoned mines in the study area, each situation must be examined  individually, and the management alternative chosen for mine-drainage abatement must be tailored to solve the particular mining and hydrologic problems at a given site.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water and Related Land Resources Management Study","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr77734","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Omaha District, Omaha, Nebraska","usgsCitation":"Wentz, D.A., 1977, Quantity and quality of drainage from the Argo Tunnel and other sources related to metal mining in Gilpin, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-734, iv, 61 leaves :ill., maps; Volume V: Supporting Technical Reports Appendices; Appendix F: USGS Mine Drainage Study; 27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77734.","productDescription":"iv, 61 leaves :ill., maps; Volume V: Supporting Technical Reports Appendices; Appendix F: USGS Mine Drainage Study; 27 cm.","numberOfPages":"128","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_77_734.png"},{"id":254517,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0734/ofr77-0734.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Gilpin County;Clear Creek County;Park County","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64adf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wentz, Dennis A. dawentz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentz","given":"Dennis","email":"dawentz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":163482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":6373,"text":"pp984 - 1977 - Geology of an Upper Cretaceous copper deposit in the Andean Province, Lassiter Coast, Antarctic Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:42","indexId":"pp984","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"984","title":"Geology of an Upper Cretaceous copper deposit in the Andean Province, Lassiter Coast, Antarctic Peninsula","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp984","usgsCitation":"Rowley, P.D., Schmidt, D.L., and Williams, P., 1977, Geology of an Upper Cretaceous copper deposit in the Andean Province, Lassiter Coast, Antarctic Peninsula: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 984, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp984.","productDescription":"36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0984/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":33747,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0984/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683d80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowley, Peter D.","contributorId":27435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowley","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, Dwight Lyman","contributorId":54191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"Lyman","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Paul L.","contributorId":91086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Paul L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":11368,"text":"ofr77142 - 1977 - Summary of results of frictional sliding studies, at confining pressures up to 6.98 kb, in selected rock materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:16","indexId":"ofr77142","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-142","title":"Summary of results of frictional sliding studies, at confining pressures up to 6.98 kb, in selected rock materials","docAbstract":"This report is a collection of stress-strain charts which were produced by deforming selected simuiated fault gouge materials. Several sets of samples consisted of intact cylinders, 1.000 inch in diameter and 2.500 inches long. The majority of the samples consisted of thin layers of the selected sample material, inserted within a diagonal sawcut in a 1.000-inch by 2.500-inch Westerly Granite cylinder. Two sorts of inserts were used. The first consisted of thin wafers cut from 1.000-inch-diameter cores of the rock being tested. The other consisted of thin layers of crushed material packed onto the sawcut surface. In several groups of tests using various thicknesses (0.010 inch to 0.160 inch) of a given type material there were variations in the stress level and/or stability of sliding as a function of the fault zone width. Because of this we elected to use a standard 0.025-inch width fault zone to compare the frictional properties of many of the different types of rock materials. This 0.025-inch thickness was chosen partially because this thickness of crushed granite behaves approximately the same as a fractured sample of initially intact granite, and also because this is near the lower limit at which we could cut intact wafers for those samples that were prepared from thin slices of rock. One series of tests was done with saw cut granite cylinders without fault gouge inserts. All of these tests were done in a hydraulically operated triaxial testing machine. The confining pressure (&delta;<sub>1</sub>, least principal stress) was applied by pumping petroleum ether into a pressure vessel. The differential stress (&delta;<sub>3</sub>-&delta;<sub>1</sub>) was applied by a hydraulically operated ram that could be advanced into the pressure vessel at any of several strain rates (10-<sup>4</sup>sec-<sup>1</sup>, 10-<sup>5</sup>sec-<sup>1</sup>, 10-<sup>6</sup>sec-</sup>1, 10-<sup>7</sup>sec-<sup>1</sup>, or 10-<sup>8</sup>sec-<sup>1</sup>). All samples were jacketed in polyurethane tubing to exclude the confining pressure medium from the samples. The majority of the samples, with the exception of some of the initially intact rocks, also had thin copper jackets. These served to hold the saw cut parts of the granite sample holders in alignment while the samples were handled and pushed into the polyurethane jackets.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77142","usgsCitation":"Summers, R., and Byerlee, J., 1977, Summary of results of frictional sliding studies, at confining pressures up to 6.98 kb, in selected rock materials: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-142, 129 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77142.","productDescription":"129 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_77_142.gif"},{"id":246868,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0142/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698a4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Summers, R.","contributorId":65483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summers","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byerlee, J.","contributorId":105838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerlee","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":11206,"text":"ofr78519 - 1977 - Geology and ore deposits of the Kutam Mine, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-22T18:59:10","indexId":"ofr78519","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-519","title":"Geology and ore deposits of the Kutam Mine, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"<p>The ancient Kutam mine in southwestern Saudi Arabia was discovered during the course of regional geologic mapping. Malachite coatings along fractures in the ancient workings and nearby large piles of slag indicate the mine was worked for copper.</p>\n<p>Quartz porphyry of Precambrian age is the principal host rock of the deposit. The quartz porphyry is associated with volcanic rocks of mafic to intermediate composition. All rocks have been deformed and metamorphosed to various types of schist, of which quartz-sericite-chlorite schist is the most common.</p>\n<p>Mineralization is thought to be controlled by the convergence of three fault patterns that strike N 60&deg;W., N 45&deg;W and N. 20&deg;W, respectively, and dip steeply west to vertical.&nbsp;Cross faults that extend between faults of the N 45&deg;W. pattern have influenced deposition of sulfides locally. Southeast-plunging lineation derived from two converging directions of planar schistosity also may have exerted control on sulfide deposition.</p>\n<p>Detailed geologic mapping of surface features and geochemical and geophysical studies indicated that the deposit warranted subsurface exploration. Accordingly, eight holes were drilled that delineated possible economic-grade sulfide deposits in an area about 300 m long and which is known to continue to a depth of more than 200 m. However, drilling found copper-zinc mineralization along a strike length of 850 m. Drill findings show that copper and zinc sulfides partially replace chlorite and higher concentrations of chlorite generally define the higher-grade mineralization. The more intensely chloritized zones tend to follow the N.45&deg;W. fracture pattern. South of drill hole KA-I, the sulfide mineralization may plunge 40&deg; to 60&deg; southeast.</p>\n<p>Indicated and inferred reserves outlined by drilling total 8,056,000 metric tons, the grade of which averages 0.31 g/t Au, 6.13 g/t Ag, 1.83 percent Cu, and 0.95 percent Zn.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr78519","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.W., Anderson, R.E., and Dehlavi, M., 1977, Geology and ore deposits of the Kutam Mine, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-519, Report: iii, 51 p.; Maps: 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78519.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 51 p.; Maps: 28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38973,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38974,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38975,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38976,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38977,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38978,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38979,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38980,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38981,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38982,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38983,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0519/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"2000","country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              43.5,\n              17.5\n            ],\n            [\n              43.5,\n              18\n            ],\n            [\n             44,\n             18\n            ],\n            [\n             44,\n             17.5\n            ],\n            [\n              43.5,\n             17.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db684460","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Charles W.","contributorId":41431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, R. Ernest","contributorId":104484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ernest","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dehlavi, M.R.","contributorId":104498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dehlavi","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":11127,"text":"ofr77607 - 1977 - Preliminary data on some Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (granite) in Colorado","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11127,"text":"ofr77607 - 1977 - Preliminary data on some Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (granite) in Colorado","indexId":"ofr77607","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary data on some Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (granite) in Colorado"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":35806,"text":"b1550 - 1984 - Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (gahnite) in Colorado","indexId":"b1550","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (gahnite) in Colorado"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":35806,"text":"b1550 - 1984 - Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (gahnite) in Colorado","indexId":"b1550","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (gahnite) in Colorado"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-03T18:17:01.023948","indexId":"ofr77607","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-607","title":"Preliminary data on some Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (granite) in Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Precambrian sulfide deposits in the Southern Rocky Mountains in Colorado are being studied and re-evaluated according to geologic concepts which were developed in recent years in other parts of the world during successful research regarding economic massive sulfide deposits. These studies, initiated in 1974 in Colorado by the U.S. Geological Survey, have indicated that a new look at areas containing long dormant mines and prospects may well lead to the discovery of minable Precambrian sulfide deposits. The zinc, copper, and lead contents of ores investigated to date, supplemented by silver and gold contents, indicate that many long-forgotten deposits are minable in terms of grade. The deposits occur in Precambrian rocks metamorphosed to the lower amphibolite facies in one major region and to the upper amphibolite facies in other regions. Field studies have provided ample evidence indicating that the search for commercial tonnages can he facilitated by using newer concepts of economic geology regarding ore-host rock associations as prospecting guides and by using structural considerations aimed toward learning how metamorphism and folding have modified the shapes and distribution of the ore bodies. A newly recognized concept, originating from the current studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado, concerns the potential economic significance of gahnite, a zinc spinel. The field and laboratory data indicate that gahnite can be used by geologists as a prospector's guide to ore and can be considerd by mining engineers as a potential major ore mineral, contributing significant amounts of zinc to the sulfide ores in many of the deposits. Studies to date indicate that the Gunnison area, the Salida area, and the Guffey area are particularly favorable to the search for minable deposits, and the potential is equally present in many other areas. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr77607","usgsCitation":"Sheridan, D.M., and Raymond, W.H., 1977, Preliminary data on some Precambrian deposits of zinc-copper-lead sulfides and zinc spinel (granite) in Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-607, ii, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77607.","productDescription":"ii, 27 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0607/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393763,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0607/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -104,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -104,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              37\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c52c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheridan, Douglas M.","contributorId":13966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raymond, William H.","contributorId":48555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymond","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":10384,"text":"ofr7730 - 1977 - Surface sedimentary units of the Gulf of Alaska continental shelf: Montague Island to Yakutat Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:20","indexId":"ofr7730","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-30","title":"Surface sedimentary units of the Gulf of Alaska continental shelf: Montague Island to Yakutat Bay","docAbstract":"Four major sedimentary units occur on the sea floor of the continental shelf in the northern Gulf of Alaska. These units, defined on the basis of seismic and sedimentologic data, are: (1) Holocene sediments, (2) Holocene mind moraines, C3) Quaternary glacial marine sediments, and (4) Tertiary and Pleistocene lithified deposits.\r\n\r\nA wedge of Holocene fine sand to clayey silt covers most of the inner shelf, reaching maximum thicknesses of about 350 m seaward of the Copper River and about 200 m seaward of Icy Bay. Holocene end moraines are found at the mouth of Icy Bay, south of Bering Glacier, and at the mouth of Yakutat Bay. Quaternary glacial marine sediments are found in a narrow arc that borders, on the north and west side of Tart Bank and in a large arc 20 km or more offshore that parallels the shoreline between Kayak Island and Yakutat Bay. Tertiary or Pleistocene stratified sedimentary rocks, which in profile commonly are folded, faulted, and truncated, crop out on Tarr Bank, offshore of Montague Island, and in several localities southeast and southwest of Cape Yakataga. The lack of Holocene cover on Tarr Bank and Middleton, Kayak and Montague Island platforms may be due to the scouring action of swift bottom currents and large storm waves. \r\n\r\nWest of Kayak Island the Copper River is the primary source of Holocene sediment. East of Kayak Island the major sediment sources are streams draining the larger ice fields, notably, the Malaspina and Bering Glaciers. Transport of bottom and suspended sediment is predominantly to the west. If deglaciation of the shelf was completed by 10,000 years B.P., maximum rates of accumulation of Holocene sediment on the inner shelf may be as high as 10-35 m per 1,000 years.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr7730","usgsCitation":"Molnia, B.F., 1977, Surface sedimentary units of the Gulf of Alaska continental shelf: Montague Island to Yakutat Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-30, [1], 10, [11] leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7730.","productDescription":"[1], 10, [11] leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0030/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38214,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0030/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696454","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molnia, Bruce F. bmolnia@usgs.gov","contributorId":4002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molnia","given":"Bruce","email":"bmolnia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":161294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207130,"text":"70207130 - 1977 - Structure mapping on enhanced landsat images of Southern Brazil: Tectonic control of mineralization and speculations on metallogeny","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-09T06:36:13","indexId":"70207130","displayToPublicDate":"1977-12-31T06:29:48","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure mapping on enhanced landsat images of Southern Brazil: Tectonic control of mineralization and speculations on metallogeny","docAbstract":"<p><span>Computer enhancement, particularly contrast-stretching, reveals a previously unnoticed east-west structural zone across a Landsat image of the southern Brazilian Precambrian shield. In this zone occur the only known economic or near-economic deposits of gold, tin, and copper. Such deposits are typically localized by small east-west structural elements. Non-economic copper occurrences elsewhere in the region appear to be related to major northeast- and northwest-trending lineaments mapped on Landsat images. Mineral exploration should be primarily directed at the main east-west lineament, but two other possible east-west zones might be worthwhile targets also. The major east-west lineament projects through a break in the continental shelf, across the Atlantic along a large transoceanic fracture zone and into the African continent along a mapped tectonic trend that goes through an area that produces copper, gold, and tin. Global geophysical data suggest that the mapped east-west trend in South America is a surface reflection of structures that developed in the tectosphere in Precambrian time and that have persisted until the present. © 1977 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1440720","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Offield, T., Abbott, E., Gillespie, A.R., and Loguercio, S., 1977, Structure mapping on enhanced landsat images of Southern Brazil: Tectonic control of mineralization and speculations on metallogeny: Geophysics, v. 42, no. 3, p. 482-500, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1440720.","productDescription":"19 p. ","startPage":"482","endPage":"500","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-57.62513,-30.21629],[-56.2909,-28.85276],[-55.16229,-27.88192],[-54.49073,-27.47476],[-53.64874,-26.92347],[-53.62835,-26.12487],[-54.13005,-25.54764],[-54.62529,-25.73926],[-54.42895,-25.16218],[-54.29348,-24.5708],[-54.29296,-24.02101],[-54.65283,-23.83958],[-55.0279,-24.00127],[-55.40075,-23.95694],[-55.51764,-23.572],[-55.61068,-22.65562],[-55.79796,-22.35693],[-56.47332,-22.0863],[-56.88151,-22.28215],[-57.93716,-22.09018],[-57.87067,-20.73269],[-58.16639,-20.1767],[-57.8538,-19.97],[-57.95,-19.4],[-57.67601,-18.96184],[-57.49837,-18.17419],[-57.73456,-17.55247],[-58.2808,-17.27171],[-58.38806,-16.87711],[-58.24122,-16.29957],[-60.15839,-16.25828],[-60.54297,-15.09391],[-60.25115,-15.07722],[-60.26433,-14.64598],[-60.4592,-14.35401],[-60.5033,-13.77595],[-61.08412,-13.47938],[-61.7132,-13.4892],[-62.12708,-13.19878],[-62.80306,-13.00065],[-63.1965,-12.62703],[-64.31635,-12.46198],[-65.40228,-11.56627],[-65.3219,-10.89587],[-65.44484,-10.51145],[-65.33844,-9.76199],[-66.64691,-9.93133],[-67.1738,-10.30681],[-68.04819,-10.71206],[-68.27125,-11.01452],[-68.78616,-11.03638],[-69.52968,-10.95173],[-70.09375,-11.12397],[-70.54869,-11.00915],[-70.48189,-9.49012],[-71.30241,-10.07944],[-72.18489,-10.0536],[-72.56303,-9.52019],[-73.22671,-9.46221],[-73.01538,-9.03283],[-73.57106,-8.42445],[-73.98724,-7.52383],[-73.7234,-7.341],[-73.72449,-6.9186],[-73.12003,-6.62993],[-73.21971,-6.08919],[-72.96451,-5.74125],[-72.89193,-5.27456],[-71.74841,-4.59398],[-70.92884,-4.40159],[-70.79477,-4.25126],[-69.89364,-4.29819],[-69.4441,-1.55629],[-69.42049,-1.12262],[-69.57707,-0.54999],[-70.02066,-0.18516],[-70.01557,0.54141],[-69.4524,0.70616],[-69.25243,0.60265],[-69.21864,0.98568],[-69.8046,1.08908],[-69.81697,1.71481],[-67.86857,1.69246],[-67.53781,2.03716],[-67.26,1.72],[-67.06505,1.13011],[-66.87633,1.25336],[-66.32577,0.72445],[-65.54827,0.78925],[-65.35471,1.09528],[-64.61101,1.32873],[-64.19931,1.49285],[-64.08309,1.91637],[-63.36879,2.2009],[-63.42287,2.41107],[-64.27,2.49701],[-64.40883,3.12679],[-64.36849,3.79721],[-64.81606,4.05645],[-64.62866,4.14848],[-63.88834,4.02053],[-63.0932,3.77057],[-62.80453,4.00697],[-62.08543,4.16212],[-60.96689,4.53647],[-60.60118,4.9181],[-60.73357,5.20028],[-60.21368,5.24449],[-59.98096,5.01406],[-60.111,4.57497],[-59.76741,4.4235],[-59.53804,3.9588],[-59.81541,3.6065],[-59.97452,2.75523],[-59.71855,2.24963],[-59.64604,1.78689],[-59.03086,1.3177],[-58.54001,1.26809],[-58.42948,1.46394],[-58.11345,1.5072],[-57.66097,1.68258],[-57.33582,1.94854],[-56.7827,1.86371],[-56.53939,1.89952],[-55.9957,1.81767],[-55.9056,2.022],[-56.07334,2.22079],[-55.97332,2.51036],[-55.56976,2.42151],[-55.09759,2.52375],[-54.52475,2.31185],[-54.08806,2.10556],[-53.77852,2.3767],[-53.55484,2.3349],[-53.41847,2.05339],[-52.93966,2.12486],[-52.55642,2.50471],[-52.24934,3.24109],[-51.6578,4.15623],[-51.31715,4.20349],[-51.06977,3.6504],[-50.50888,1.90156],[-49.97408,1.73648],[-49.9471,1.04619],[-50.69925,0.22298],[-50.38821,-0.07844],[-48.62057,-0.23549],[-48.5845,-1.23781],[-47.82496,-0.58162],[-46.56658,-0.94103],[-44.9057,-1.55174],[-44.41762,-2.13775],[-44.58159,-2.69131],[-43.41879,-2.38311],[-41.47266,-2.91202],[-39.97867,-2.87305],[-38.50038,-3.70065],[-37.22325,-4.82095],[-36.45294,-5.1094],[-35.5978,-5.1495],[-35.23539,-5.46494],[-34.89603,-6.73819],[-34.72999,-7.34322],[-35.12821,-8.9964],[-35.63697,-9.64928],[-37.04652,-11.04072],[-37.68361,-12.17119],[-38.42388,-13.03812],[-38.67389,-13.05765],[-38.95328,-13.79337],[-38.8823,-15.66705],[-39.16109,-17.20841],[-39.26734,-17.86775],[-39.58352,-18.2623],[-39.76082,-19.59911],[-40.77474,-20.90451],[-40.94476,-21.93732],[-41.75416,-22.37068],[-41.98828,-22.97007],[-43.0747,-22.96769],[-44.64781,-23.35196],[-45.35214,-23.79684],[-46.47209,-24.08897],[-47.64897,-24.8852],[-48.49546,-25.87702],[-48.641,-26.6237],[-48.47474,-27.17591],[-48.66152,-28.18613],[-48.88846,-28.67412],[-49.58733,-29.22447],[-50.69687,-30.98447],[-51.57623,-31.7777],[-52.25608,-32.24537],[-52.7121,-33.19658],[-53.37366,-33.76838],[-53.65054,-33.202],[-53.20959,-32.72767],[-53.78795,-32.04724],[-54.57245,-31.49451],[-55.60151,-30.85388],[-55.97324,-30.88308],[-56.97603,-30.10969],[-57.62513,-30.21629]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Brazil\"}}]}","volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Offield, Terry W.","contributorId":64217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Offield","given":"Terry W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abbott, E.A.","contributorId":64814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gillespie, A. R","contributorId":118218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loguercio, S.O.","contributorId":221076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loguercio","given":"S.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70233485,"text":"70233485 - 1977 - Potassium-argon geochronology of some metamorphic, igneous, and hydrothermal events in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T16:12:42.780414","indexId":"70233485","displayToPublicDate":"1977-11-01T11:08:05","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potassium-argon geochronology of some metamorphic, igneous, and hydrothermal events in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"<p>Potassium-argon ages of hornblende, biotite, and whole rocks in Puerto Rico include the following: 126 m.y. for amphibolites in the southwest part of the island; 109 m.y. for the oldest known quartz diorite plutons; 88 to 65 m.y. for emplacement of various quartz diorite and granodiorite batholiths and stocks; 38 to 46 m.y. for intrusions of quartz diorite porphyry stocks and their hydrothermal alteration and mineralization. These intrusions are the youngest known igneous rocks in Puerto Rico. </p><p>In addition, a 35-m.y. age was determined for hornblende and biotite from the Virgin Gorda batholith. </p><p>Although widespread hydrothermal alteration as old as 75 m.y. is known in Puerto Rico, all important copper deposits are related to the 38- to 46-m.y. old intrusions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Cox, D.P., Marvin, R.F., McGonigle, J.W., McIntyre, D., and Rogers, C.L., 1977, Potassium-argon geochronology of some metamorphic, igneous, and hydrothermal events in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 5, no. 6, p. 689-703.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"703","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404236,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1977/vol5issue6/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.269287109375,\n              17.59166687838161\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.19287109375,\n              17.59166687838161\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.19287109375,\n              18.625424540701264\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.269287109375,\n  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]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, Dennis P. dcox@usgs.gov","contributorId":2766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Dennis","email":"dcox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":847217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marvin, Richard F.","contributorId":23125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGonigle, John W.","contributorId":94723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGonigle","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McIntyre, David H.","contributorId":90794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"David H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rogers, Cleaves Lincoln","contributorId":12858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Cleaves","email":"","middleInitial":"Lincoln","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":847221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70042814,"text":"70042814 - 1976 - Exploration for porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan using digital processing of Landsat-1 data","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15841,"text":"ofr7518 - 1975 - Exploration for porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan using digital processing of ERTS-1 data","indexId":"ofr7518","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Exploration for porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan using digital processing of ERTS-1 data"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70042814,"text":"70042814 - 1976 - Exploration for porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan using digital processing of Landsat-1 data","indexId":"70042814","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Exploration for porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan using digital processing of Landsat-1 data"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-17T20:03:26.50537","indexId":"70042814","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploration for porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan using digital processing of Landsat-1 data","docAbstract":"<p>Rock-type classification by digital-computer processing of Landsat-1 (formerly ERTS-1) multispectral scanner data has been used to select 23 prospecting targets in the Chagai District, Pakistan, 5 of which have proved to be large areas of hydrothermally altered porphyry containing pyrite. The known porphyry copper deposit at Saindak was used as a control area. Empirical maximum and minimum apparent reflectance limits were selected for each multispectral scanner band in each rock type classified, and a relatively unrefined classification table was prepared. Where the values for all four bands fitted within the limits designated for a particular class, a symbol for the presumed rock type was printed by the computer at the appropriate location; these symbols formed a classification map. Drainage channels, areas of mineralized quartz diorite, areas of pyrite-rich rock, and the approximate limit of propylitic alteration were very well delineated on the computer-generated map of the test area. The classification method was then used to evaluate 2,100 km<sup>2</sup> in the Mashki Chah region, east of the test area, and a partial check of the results was made in the field. The results of the experiment show that outcrops of hydrothermally altered and mineralized rock can be identified from Landsat-1 data under favorable conditions. The empirical method of digital computer classification of the multispectral scanner data was relatively unrefined and rapid. The five mineralized prospecting sites identified are in locations that I would not have selected as favorable on the basis of geologic knowledge or photogeologic interpretation at the time of the investigation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, R.G., 1976, Exploration for porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan using digital processing of Landsat-1 data: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 1, p. 27-34.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266418,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue1/report.pdf","text":"report","size":"16.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":266419,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Pakistan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60.87,23.54 ], [ 60.87,37.06 ], [ 77.82,37.06 ], [ 77.82,23.54 ], [ 60.87,23.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51026611e4b0d4f5ea817bd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Robert G.","contributorId":19243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70162519,"text":"70162519 - 1976 - Halogen contents of igneous minerals as indicators of magmatic evolution of rocks associated with the Ray porphyry copper deposit, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T14:12:45.761545","indexId":"70162519","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Halogen contents of igneous minerals as indicators of magmatic evolution of rocks associated with the Ray porphyry copper deposit, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The contents of Cl, F, and H<sub>2</sub>O+ (calculated) in some hydrous igneous minerals in intrusive rocks of Laramide age (70-60 m.y.) near Ray, Ariz., appear to be related to the age and the chemistry of the whole-rock samples. Apatite and biotite in younger, more silicic rocks contain more F but less Cl and <span>H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O+</span>&nbsp;than apatite and biotite in older, more mafic rock; the same relations hold for F and <span>H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O+</span>&nbsp;in sphene. Correlations of the abundance of Cl, F, and <span>H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O+</span>&nbsp;in hornblende with rock chemistry and age are not as strong as for apatite, biotite, and sphene; igneous (?) epidote does not contain Cl and F in amounts detectable by electron microprobe analysis. The contents of Cl, F, and <span>H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O+</span>&nbsp;in whole-rock samples decrease with increasing differentiation index and decreasing age. Data for a single pluton of variable composition mirror the results for a suite of different plutons and dikes. The data are satisfactorily although not exclusively explained by postulating that the melts each contained progressively less Cl, F, and <span>H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O</span>&nbsp;and that the hydrons minerals consumed most of the Cl, F, and <span>H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O</span>&nbsp;in the magmas. The data may also be explained by postulating that (1) the stocks evolved Cl-bearing water during their ascent and crystallization, or that (2) Cl and <span>H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O</span>&nbsp;were concentrated during differentiation of the stocks but the minerals failed to record their buildup. Both alternative explanations find problems with and require special conditions to satisfy field, chemical, and experimental data. If many of the special conditions are not met, a nearby batholithic parent to the stocks is not a favorable source of the mineralized fluids at Ray. Propylitic alteration of biotite results in Cl-poor chlorites and may have provided some Cl to hydrothermal fluids; biotite may have also supplied some F to propylitizing fluids through alteration.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Banks, N.G., 1976, Halogen contents of igneous minerals as indicators of magmatic evolution of rocks associated with the Ray porphyry copper deposit, Arizona: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 1, p. 91-117.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"117","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314848,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue1/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -112,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -110,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -110,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -112,\n              34\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a75570e4b0b28f1184d8ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, Norman G.","contributorId":89524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70162513,"text":"70162513 - 1976 - The source of hydrothermal solutions at Puerto Maunabo and its bearing on the base-metal-potassium feldspar association in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T14:56:41","indexId":"70162513","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The source of hydrothermal solutions at Puerto Maunabo and its bearing on the base-metal-potassium feldspar association in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p>A quartz oligoclase porphyry exposed near Puerto Maunabo may provide evidence to further our understanding of the base-metal-potassium feldspar association known to occur in many of the porphyry-type copper deposits of Puerto Rico. The porphyry appears to be a magmatic differentiate on the border of the San Lorenzo batholith that may represent a source of mineralizing hydrothermal solutions. The porphyry intrudes an albitized quartz diorite border phase of the batholith that contains large roof pendants of metavolcanic rock. These roof pendants are mostly metamorphosed to greenschist metamorphic facies, but in the vicinity of Puerto Maunabo south of the porphyry, they reach amphibolite metamorphic facies; north of the porphyry, similar xenolithic lenses of metavolcanic rock appear to have been converted entirely to an oligoclase quartz felsite. The layered albitized quartz felsite has the same composition and texture as irregular veinlets in the albitized quartz diorite and as the groundmass in the porphyry. The K<sup>+</sup> ions arid basic ions of Fe<sup>+2</sup>, Cu<sup>+2</sup>, Mg<sup>+2</sup> apparently were mobilized during final magmatic crystallization and then escaped as hydrothermal solutions that followed open conduits within a zone of structural weakness which also permitted the emplacement of the porphyry. The volcanic rock of Cerro Piedra Hueca, in contact with the albitized quartz diorite, and generally along strike west of the porphyry, has been altered to a quartz sericite rock entirely devoid of mafic silicates. This is the southeasternmost exposure of hydrothermally altered volcanic rock in the regional zone of northwest-trending faults that contains the principal porphyry-type copper deposits of Puerto Rico. The texture, mineralogy, and geologic environment of the porphyry at Puerto Maunabo are similar to those of the ore-bearing porphyries but differ in one important aspect. Most ore-bearing porphyries contain hydrothermal potassium feldspar and reddish-brown biotite intimately associated with the base-metal sulfides. In the porphyry of Puerto Maunabo, potassium feldspar is conspicuously absent, and only a trace of biotite is present; the only sulfide present is pyrite. The physical and chemical environment required to precipitate K<sup>+</sup> ions, either as potassium feldspar or biotite, apparently is very similar to that required to precipitate base-metal sulfides. At Puerto Maunabo, these conditions evidently did not prevail, and potassium and the base metals may have been carried in solution to a more favorable environment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Pease, M.H., 1976, The source of hydrothermal solutions at Puerto Maunabo and its bearing on the base-metal-potassium feldspar association in Puerto Rico: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 1, p. 61-65.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"65","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue1/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"Puerto 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H. Jr.","contributorId":15213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pease","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":33975,"text":"b1278D - 1976 - Geochemical exploration techniques based on distribution of selected elements in rocks, soils, and plants, Mineral Butte copper deposit, Pinal County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:31","indexId":"b1278D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1278","chapter":"D","title":"Geochemical exploration techniques based on distribution of selected elements in rocks, soils, and plants, Mineral Butte copper deposit, Pinal County, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/b1278D","usgsCitation":"Chaffee, M.A., 1976, Geochemical exploration techniques based on distribution of selected elements in rocks, soils, and plants, Mineral Butte copper deposit, Pinal County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1278, iv, 55 p. :maps ;24 cm. --, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1278D.","productDescription":"iv, 55 p. :maps ;24 cm. --","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":166150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1278d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61894,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1278d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697eea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaffee, Maurice A. mchaffee@usgs.gov","contributorId":4047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaffee","given":"Maurice","email":"mchaffee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":212263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8764,"text":"ofr77281 - 1976 - Geological and geochemical reconnaissance in the central Santander Massif, Departments of Santander and Norte de Santander, Colombia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:14","indexId":"ofr77281","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-281","title":"Geological and geochemical reconnaissance in the central Santander Massif, Departments of Santander and Norte de Santander, Colombia","docAbstract":"The central Santander Massif is composed of Precambrian Bucaramanga Gneiss and pre-Devonian Silgara Formation intruded by Mesozoic quartz diorite, quartz monzonite, and alaskite and Cretaceous or younger porphyry. Triassic (Bocas Formation), Jurassic (Jordan and Giron Formations).and Cretaceous (Tambor, Rosa Blanca, Paja, Tablazo, Simiti, La Luna, and Umir Formations) sedimentary rocks overlie the metamorphic rocks and are younger than most of the intrusions. A geological and geochemical reconnaissance of part of the central Santander Massif included the Vetas and California gold districts. At Vetas the gold is generally in brecciated aphanitic quartz and phyllonite. Dark-gray material in the ore may be graphite. The ore veins follow steep west-northwest- and north-northeast-striking fracture zones. No new gold deposits were found. Additional geochemical studies should concentrate on western Loma Pozo del Rey and on improvement of the gold extraction process. \r\n\r\nAt California the gold is in pyritiferous quartz veins and quartz breccia. Ore containing black sooty material (graphite?) is highly radioactive. Some of the mineralization is post-Lower Cretaceous. Soil samples indicate that gold deposits lie under the thick blanket of soil on the ridges above the zone of mining. Three principal gold targets are outlined by gold and associated minerals in pan concentrates. The close relation of gold and copper anomalies suggests that copper may be useful as a pathfinder for gold elsewhere in the region. Based on occurrences of gold or high concentrations of pyrite or chalcopyrite in pan concentrates and on analytical data, eight potential gold targets are outlined in the central massif. Reconnaissance of the surrounding region is warranted.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr77281","usgsCitation":"Evans, J.G., 1976, Geological and geochemical reconnaissance in the central Santander Massif, Departments of Santander and Norte de Santander, Colombia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-281, iii, 43 p. :ill., 13 maps (12 fold. in envelope) ;29 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr77281.","productDescription":"iii, 43 p. :ill., 13 maps (12 fold. in envelope) ;29 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":94875,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-01.pdf","size":"3419","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94876,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-02.pdf","size":"3720","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94877,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-03.pdf","size":"3941","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94878,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-04.pdf","size":"2632","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94879,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-05.pdf","size":"2477","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94880,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-06.pdf","size":"2456","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94881,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-07.pdf","size":"2452","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94882,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-08.pdf","size":"2379","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94883,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-09.pdf","size":"2504","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94884,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-10.pdf","size":"2643","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94885,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-11.pdf","size":"2465","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94886,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/plate-12.pdf","size":"2379","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36332,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0281/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b11e4b07f02db6a23d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, James George","contributorId":73578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":60176,"text":"mf773B - 1976 - Mineral deposits and occurrences in the McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-21T16:48:51.922523","indexId":"mf773B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"773","chapter":"B","title":"Mineral deposits and occurrences in the McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The McCarthy quadrangle contains numerous and diverse mineral deposits in various geologic settings. Copper is the dominant mineral commodity, both historically and in terms of potential future production. Gold and silver are the only other metals that have been produced. The metalliferous deposits are concentrated in a northwest-trending belt along the southern flank of the Wrangell Mountains, and, to a lesser extent, in a similar belt along the northeast flank of the range. Both belts have upper Paleozoic (Skolai Group) basements, abundant Mesozoic rocks, and some Tertiary intrusive rocks. They are marked by numerous faults, mainly northwest-striking. Mineral deposits are uncommon elsewhere in the quadrangle, especially in large tracks underlain by Wrangell Lava and in smaller areas underlain by the Kaskawulsh Group of Kindle (1953). Both the Wrangell Lava and the Kaskawulsh underlie rugged mountainous regions with extensive snow and ice cover, and could conceivably contain undetected concealed deposits.&nbsp;</p><p>The metallic, nonmetallic, and energy resources of the quadrangle are described sequentially. Copper, gold, and silver, because of their importance, are described early in the section on metal commodities; descriptions of the other metals follows in alphabetic sequence. Locations of the deposits and relative supplementary data for individual deposits are given in the accompanying map and table.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf773B","usgsCitation":"MacKevett, E., 1976, Mineral deposits and occurrences in the McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 773, 2 Plates: 50.21 x 37.54 inches and 42.50 x 35.38 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf773B.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 50.21 x 37.54 inches and 42.50 x 35.38 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416129,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0773-B/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":416128,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0773-B/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":179764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0773-B/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"McCarthy Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -144,61 ], [ -144,62 ], [ -141,62 ], [ -141,61 ], [ -144,61 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635972","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKevett, E.M. Jr.","contributorId":58613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKevett","given":"E.M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":11736,"text":"ofr78521 - 1976 - Evaluation of the Umm Al Khabath copper prospect, Jabal Ibrahim quadrangle, sheet 20/41C, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-06T21:42:32.328316","indexId":"ofr78521","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-521","title":"Evaluation of the Umm Al Khabath copper prospect, Jabal Ibrahim quadrangle, sheet 20/41C, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"<p>The Umm Al Khabath copper prospect (lat 20°10'N.; long 41°23'E.) was tested by 815 m of diamond drilling in three holes. Meager metallization of copper, zinc, gold, and silver is related to a distinct phase of quartz-pyrite veinlet stockworks and associated silicification, sericitization, and pyritization. Alteration and metallization are within a major north-trending shear zone, 10-50 m wide. Lithologies cut by the shear zone are pyroclastic agglomerate and tuff with intercalated ferruginous chert, wacke, and basalt flows, all belonging to the Precambrian Baish Group. The outcrop of the shear zone for a length of 1400 m contains scattered gossan, local zones of abundant malachite and chrysocolla veinlets, patches of malachite-rich calcrete cap, and several shallow ancient workings. Composite chip samples taken from the surface across the sheared and altered zone contain anomalous concentrations of copper and zinc in amounts greater than can be expected from the weathering of the slightly metallized rock of the sheared and altered zone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78521","usgsCitation":"Worl, R., Flanigan, V.J., 1976, Evaluation of the Umm Al Khabath copper prospect, Jabal Ibrahim Quadrangle, sheet 20/41C, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-521, ii, 41 leaves :ill., map ;28 cm.; (45 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78521.","productDescription":"ii, 42 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":500865,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0521/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145773,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0521/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi 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,{"id":27847,"text":"wri765 - 1976 - Water-quality investigation, Eel River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-02T10:27:50","indexId":"wri765","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-5","title":"Water-quality investigation, Eel River, California","docAbstract":"<p>This report summarizes selected water-quality data collected in the Eel River, Calif., during a reconnaissance study from November 1971 through January 1975. It also includes a summary of the major inorganic chemical data collected near Dos Rios, at South Fork, and at Scotia since the early 1950's. The recent reconnaissance involved data collection for nitrogen, phosphorus, total organic carbon, trace elements, and pesticide compounds in the river at Van Arsdale Dam, near Dos Rios, at Fort Seward, and at Scotia.</p><p>The number of samples collected during the special reconnaissance is somewhat limited, and therefore the data are only an estimate of conditions that presently exist at selected sites in the river. Results indicate that most of the constituents were low in concentration; although some variability was measured for some constituents. Sampling was designed so that samples collected at each site would represent a large range in discharge. Results indicate that discharge was not the singular factor controlling the concentration variance for most constituents. However, the concentrations of total ammonia, phosphorus, arsenic, chromium, copper, and zinc indicated a direct relation with discharge at some sites.</p><p>Statistical analysis indicates that the past sampling program has been adequate to estimate the major chemical constituents of the river. Specific conductance in the river near its headwaters ranges from 110 to 300 micromhos about 98 percent of the time; and at Scotia, near the mouth, the specific conductance ranges from 110 to 340 micromhos about 98 percent of the time.</p><p>Results of regression analyses indicate that between 83 and 88 percent of the variance in specific conductance can be explained by discharge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri765","usgsCitation":"Irwin, G.A., 1976, Water-quality investigation, Eel River, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-5, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri765.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0005/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359110,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0005/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Eel River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.49707031249999,\n              39.33854604847979\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.8,\n              39.33854604847979\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.8,\n              40.896905775860006\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.49707031249999,\n              40.896905775860006\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.49707031249999,\n              39.33854604847979\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e54cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, George A.","contributorId":35363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58549,"text":"mf767O - 1976 - Maps showing mineralogical and geochemical data for heavy-mineral concentrates in the Tanacross quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-16T15:29:32.32608","indexId":"mf767O","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"767","chapter":"O","title":"Maps showing mineralogical and geochemical data for heavy-mineral concentrates in the Tanacross quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This series of maps showing the following data for heavy mineral concentrates: distribution and abundance of selected ore-related minerals, distribution and abundance of copper in the magnetic fraction, and distribution and abundance of lead, copper, tin, beryllium, tungsten and bismuth in the nonmagnetic fraction. The data are plotted on base maps showing generalized geology, base metal prospects in the Yukon-Tanana Upland, and the drainage pattern. The distribution and abundance of ore-related minerals (fig. A) were obtained by microscopic examination of the heavy-mineral concentrates. The number of mineral grains observed is shown in the map explanation. Figures B through H are geochemical maps showing the distribution and abundance of metals as determined by six-step semi-quantitative emission spectrography. The geochemical map symbols show sample sites and the actual values for the element in the sample as determined by spectrography. An explanation of sampling, preparation, and analytical procedure is given in Circular 734 which accompanies this folio. Complete analytical data for geochemical samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in the Tanacross quadrangle are available in an open-file report (O'Leary and others, 1976).&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf767O","usgsCitation":"Tripp, R.B., Curtin, G., Day, G., Karlson, R.C., and Marsh, S., 1976, Maps showing mineralogical and geochemical data for heavy-mineral concentrates in the Tanacross quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 767, 2 Plates: 41.94 x 31.54 inches and 41.88 x 31.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf767O.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 41.94 x 31.54 inches and 41.88 x 31.31 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181553,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0767-O/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":417054,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0767-O/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":417055,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0767-O/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":417096,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3923.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanacross quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -144,63 ], [ -144,64 ], [ -141,64 ], [ -141,63 ], [ -144,63 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605ca4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tripp, R. B.","contributorId":88707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Curtin, G.C.","contributorId":89501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtin","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, G.W.","contributorId":63363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Karlson, R. C.","contributorId":19524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marsh, S.P.","contributorId":32913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":58387,"text":"mf767F - 1976 - Geochemical maps showing the distribution and abundance of copper in the Tanacross Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-17T19:20:38.410025","indexId":"mf767F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"767","chapter":"F","title":"Geochemical maps showing the distribution and abundance of copper in the Tanacross Quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This series of geochemical maps shows the distribution of copper in four sample media: (A) the oxide residue (the oxalic-acid-leachable fraction) of the stream sediment, (B) the minus-80-mesh stream sediment, (C) the ash of streambank sod (mixed organic and inorganic material) collected beneath the water level, and (D) the ash of aquatic bryophytes (mosses). The copper data are plotted on base maps showing generalized geology and the drainage pattern. The map symbols show the sample sites and ranges of values in the following manner: (1) open symbols denote background, (2) small black symbols represent weakly anomalous values, and (3) large black symbols denotes strongly anomalous values. Because the small black symbols represent weakly anomalous values, they are considered to be significant only where they are closely associated with strongly anomalous metal values either in the same sample medium or with anomalous values in other sample media. The ranges of values represented by the symbols are shown on the histograms which accompany the geochemical maps. An explanation of sampling, preparation, and analytical procedures is given in Circular 734, which accompanies this folio. Complete analytical data for geochemical samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in the Tanacross quadrangle are available in a U.S. Geological Survey open-file report (O'Leary and others, 1976).&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf767F","usgsCitation":"Singer, D., Curtin, G., and Foster, H., 1976, Geochemical maps showing the distribution and abundance of copper in the Tanacross Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 767, 1 Plate: 43.82 x 31.92 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf767F.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 43.82 x 31.92 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415863,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0767-F/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":183998,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0767-F/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanacross Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -144,63 ], [ -144,64 ], [ -141,64 ], [ -141,63 ], [ -144,63 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singer, D.A.","contributorId":69128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Curtin, G.C.","contributorId":89501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtin","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, H.L.","contributorId":34894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":58346,"text":"mf773F - 1976 - Distribution and abundance of copper in stream sediments and moraine debris, McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-21T16:45:15.492335","indexId":"mf773F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"773","chapter":"F","title":"Distribution and abundance of copper in stream sediments and moraine debris, McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>A geochemical survey was conducted in the McCarthy quadrangle, Alaska, to identify areas containing anomalous concentrations of various metallic and nonmetallic elements. This study incorporates the results of analyses for copper, from 1,454 stream sediment and glacial moraine debris samples collected in the quadrangle, and analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1961 and 1976 using semiquantitative emission spectrophotometry. In addition, the study includes most of the analytical results of the samples of stream sediment from the White River area, located in the northwestern part of the quadrangle, which were collected and analyzed by the Alaska Division of Mines and Geology (Knaebel, 1971).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf773F","usgsCitation":"Robinson, K., McDougal, C.M., Day, G., and Billings, T., 1976, Distribution and abundance of copper in stream sediments and moraine debris, McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 773, 1 Plate: 52.07 x 31.18 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf773F.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 52.07 x 31.18 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416123,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0773-F/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":183893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0773-F/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"McCarthy Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -144,61 ], [ -144,62 ], [ -141,62 ], [ -141,61 ], [ -144,61 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a19f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Keith","contributorId":80277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDougal, C. M.","contributorId":21129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougal","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, G.W.","contributorId":63363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Billings, Theodore","contributorId":92751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billings","given":"Theodore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}