From the beginning of time, all ingenuity of mankind has been concentrated upon the methods of finding gold and unusual deposits in the earth. An illustration (Fig. 1) from the old treatise by Agricola, “De Re Metallica,” published in 1580, will serve to show the implicit faith of that generation in divining methods. However, it was not until 1920 that real progress was made in prospecting by using the latest advances of the physical sciences. The public interest was stimulated by the successes of these methods on the part of commercial operators, and governmental agencies received many requests for information concerning their reliability. There were also, in the late 1920's, high‐pressure mine‐promotion schemes which used geophysical methods in a very questionable manner, symbolized in Figure 2 as of 1928 by an electrified forked stick. Authoritative information concerning such practices for public protection was needed to curb such notorious undertakings. Dr. Scott Turner, then Director of the United States Bureau of Mines, thoroughly understood the situation and was first in the governmental departments to recognize the possible value of a study of modern prospecting methods. The Bureau of Mines began this investigation by employing Drs. A. S. Eve and D. A. Keys of McGill University for short periods in the summer in 1927. Their first publication [see 1 of “References” at end of paper] served to illustrate the fundamental scientific principles which underlie geophysical prospecting. This was followed by a second publication [2] giving the results of field‐tests. In the light of the rapid improvements during the intervening ten years, these two papers take a historical position.
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States\"}}]}","volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, F.W.","contributorId":240764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"F.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214050,"text":"70214050 - 1939 - Report of the committee on underground waters, 1938–39","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-22T13:53:48.545818","indexId":"70214050","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T14:45:07","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the committee on underground waters, 1938–39","docAbstract":"In preparing the report of the Committee on Underground Waters of the Section of Hydrology for the final year of the triennium, it becomes evident that the collection of fundamental data relating to the hydrology of underground waters continues at a rate comparable to that maintained in the past few years, and perhaps even at an accelerated rate. Almost every extensive practical investigation of ground‐water supplies offers some opportunity for study of fundamental problems, in fact many of them require such fundamental study. With a larger number of investigations in progress, and with fairly liberal appropriations much new and valuable information is being discovered. Some idea of the increase in ground‐water studies since the organization of the Section of Hydrology may be given by a few statistics on the work of the Division of Ground‐Water of the Federal Geological Survey, which does the largest amount of ground‐water work in the United States. In 1932 the Division worked on about 50 projects in 25 States, in 15 of which and in Hawaii the investigations were made in cooperation with States, or other local Governmental agencies. During the current fiscal year work has been completed, or is in progress, on about 100 investigations in 35 States, Hawaii, and the Virgin Islands. The number of States cooperating on the work has increased to 24. During the current fiscal year about \\$375,000 will be spent for ground‐water investigations by the Federal Geological Survey and cooperating organizations, as compared to about $175,000 spent during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1932.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR020i004p00545","usgsCitation":"Thompson, D., 1939, Report of the committee on underground waters, 1938–39: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 20, no. 4, p. 545-555, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR020i004p00545.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"555","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, David G.","contributorId":8443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214049,"text":"70214049 - 1939 - Relation of fall stream‐flow to spring runoff","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T19:44:38.413547","indexId":"70214049","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T14:31:24","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation of fall stream‐flow to spring runoff","docAbstract":"In the prediction of spring runoff from precipitation‐records or snow‐surveys, one of the factors which seems to require consideration is the amount of water held in ground‐storage. The determination of the quantity of water in ground‐storage is a difficult problem involving soil‐sampling, measurements of ground‐water wells, and measurements of the flow of small streams and springs. It has occurred to the writer that selected stream‐flow records for either the late fall or early spring might provide a better index of the ground‐water available for spring runoff than that obtained by other methods. This would involve a comparison of runoff in the fall with runoff in the spring, and might eliminate uncertainties in the relation of a reservoir‐level in the fall with runoff in the spring. Such a method would be especially desirable because of the availability of stream‐flow records. The discussion which follows is more an explanation of the method to be used than an attempt to develop an accurate formula for the prediction of spring runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR020i001p00117","usgsCitation":"Eagle, H., 1939, Relation of fall stream‐flow to spring runoff: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 20, no. 1, p. 117-221, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR020i001p00117.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"221","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eagle, H.C.","contributorId":241010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eagle","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214048,"text":"70214048 - 1939 - Report of the committee on chemistry of natural waters, 1938–39","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-22T13:55:20.884105","indexId":"70214048","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T14:13:31","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the committee on chemistry of natural waters, 1938–39","docAbstract":"The membership of this Committee is as follows:
C. S. Howard (Chairman), United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.
I. A. Denison, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C.
W. P. Kelley, 119 Hilgard Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California
A. C. Lane, 22 Arlington Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
C. S. Scofield, Bureau of Plant Industry, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
D. G. Thompson, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.
T. G. Thompson, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Studies on the corrosion of metals and soils have been continued at the National Bureau of Standards and a report of the recent findings was published under the title “Correlation of the electrolytic corrosion test with the active corrosiveness of soils,” by I. A. Denison and R. B. Darnielle [J. Res., Nation. Bur. Stan., No. 21, pp. 819‐830, December, 1938], Another paper on this subject by Kirk H. Logan was published under the title “Engineering significance of National Bureau of Standards soil corrosion data” [J. Res. Nation. Bur. Stan., pp. 109–125, January. 1939].
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR020i004p00609","usgsCitation":"Howard, C.S., 1939, Report of the committee on chemistry of natural waters, 1938–39: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 20, no. 4, p. 609-611, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR020i004p00609.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"611","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, C. S.","contributorId":73180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214047,"text":"70214047 - 1939 - Ground‐water problems in the Southern High Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T19:12:35.557341","indexId":"70214047","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T14:04:52","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground‐water problems in the Southern High Plains","docAbstract":"The High Plains region has been passing through a prolonged low in the precipitation‐cycle during a large part of the last decade. The drought has continued longer and has been more severe than any that has been experienced since the region began to be farmed. It has caused untold distress. Crops have failed for years in succession. In large areas in the so‐called dust‐bowl the top soil has been almost entirely removed by wind‐erosion and the dust‐storms have become so bad at times that the health of the inhabitants has been seriously threatened. In some parts of the region the annual rainfall, which ranges from about 18 to 24 inches, according to the location of the area, has returned to about the normal or long‐time average. In others the drought is still in progress and a partial or complete crop‐failure was again experienced in 1938. When the rainfall‐record is studied, it becomes apparent that a large part of the High Plains never should have been farmed and should be allowed to go back to the range, if indeed the native grasses can be restored. Other parts, however, can still be farmed with moderate success by the farmer who uses proper methods of cultivation and crop‐rotation, and combines farming with stock‐raising by keeping a part of his land in pasture and raising mostly feed‐crops. Irrigation, if it can be accomplished at a practicable cost, affords security both to the farmer and stock‐raiser.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR020i001p00032","usgsCitation":"White, W.N., 1939, Ground‐water problems in the Southern High Plains: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 20, no. 1, p. 32-35, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR020i001p00032.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"35","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378633,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Southern High Plains","volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Walter N.","contributorId":99124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214046,"text":"70214046 - 1939 - Some general observations of physiographic and climatic influences on floods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-22T13:57:26.000928","indexId":"70214046","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T13:49:50","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some general observations of physiographic and climatic influences on floods","docAbstract":"The magnitude of flood‐runoff and the degree to which it concentrates in river‐channels with respect to time is known to vary within wide limits. To a considerable extent these variations relate to the physiographic and edaphlc features of the drainage‐basins as they have been developed by the geologic and climatic history of the particular province in which they are located. Although storms of high intensity occur throughout the United States, the runoff therefrom has been observed to have certain inherent characteristics in wet or humid areas that are different from those in arid or semiarld regions even though the laws governing the flow of water either over ground or in river‐channels are universal in application. Essential features of flood‐behavior in wet or humid areas where stream‐flow is sustained throughout the year and river‐channels and valleys are comparatively well defined and permanent, differ from those in arid or semiarld regions where stream‐flow is very erratic and flashy and the channels are formed largely by occasional intense runoff rather than the slow and orderly development by the continuous occupancy by flowing water. Moreover the flood‐problem in areas where a part of the precipitation occurs as snow differs from that in areas where all the precipitation occurs as rain. Furthermore, in areas where snow does occur there seems to be a wide range in flood‐runoff characteristics depending upon the temperature in and altitude of the particular zone. Some of the different flood‐characteristics as they relate to total runoff and the concentration thereof are described herein and possible reasons therefor are related to conditions which seem to be more or less inherent in particular physiographic and climatic provinces.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR020i002p00166","usgsCitation":"Hoyt, W.G., and Langbein, W.B., 1939, Some general observations of physiographic and climatic influences on floods: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 20, no. 2, p. 166-154, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR020i002p00166.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"166","endPage":"154","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378632,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoyt, W. G.","contributorId":38547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoyt","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langbein, W. B.","contributorId":102053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70214045,"text":"70214045 - 1939 - Part II—Geophysical investigations in the Hawaiian Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T18:32:25.775623","indexId":"70214045","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T13:11:51","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Part II—Geophysical investigations in the Hawaiian Islands","docAbstract":"During 1938 and 1939, an extensive series of geophysical surveys, employing both resistivity and magnetic methods, have been carried on in the Hawaiian Islands by the Section of Geophysics of the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Division of Ground‐Water of the Survey and the Division of Hydrography of the Territorial Government (see Fig. 1). During this time, surveys have been conducted on the islands of Oahu, Molokai, and Maul. Two distinct types of ground‐water occurrence are being investigated: (1) The basal fresh‐water lens floating on underlying salt water in obedience to the Ghyben‐Herzberg principle (Fig. 2); and (2) perched ground‐water (Fig. 3) .
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR020i003p00292","usgsCitation":"Swartz, J., 1939, Part II—Geophysical investigations in the Hawaiian Islands: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 20, no. 3, p. 292-298, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR020i003p00292.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"292","endPage":"298","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hawaiian Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.927734375,\n 17.97873309555617\n ],\n [\n -154.46777343749997,\n 17.97873309555617\n ],\n [\n -154.46777343749997,\n 22.917922936146045\n ],\n [\n -160.927734375,\n 22.917922936146045\n ],\n [\n -160.927734375,\n 17.97873309555617\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swartz, J.H.","contributorId":101721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swartz","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214042,"text":"70214042 - 1939 - Report of committee on glaciers, April 1939","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-22T14:00:03.67803","indexId":"70214042","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T12:55:36","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of committee on glaciers, April 1939","docAbstract":"The Committee on Glaciers at present is constituted as follows:
Harry Fielding Reid—Professor‐Emeritus of Geology, Johns Hopkins University (former member of the International Glacier Commission), 608 Cathedral Street, Baltimore, Maryland
William H. Hobbs—Professor‐Emeritus of Geology, University of Michigan (until recently Vice‐ President of the International Glacier Commission, at present associate member), Ann Arbor, Michigan
J. E. Church—Professor of Classics, University of Nevada (President of the International Commission of Snow, and Chairman of the Committee on Snow of the Section of Hydrology, American Geophysical Union), Reno, Nevada
Colonel Lawrence Martin—Chief of the Division of Maps, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C. Wm. Osgood Field, Jr.—Explorer, 18 West Twelfth Street, New York, N.Y.
Earl A. Trager—Chief of the Naturalist Division, National Park Service, Washington, D. C.
Glenn L. Parker—District Engineer, Water Resources Branch, United States Geological Survey, 406 Federal Building, Tacoma, Washington
Oliver Kehrlein—Chairman, Committee on Glacier Studies, Sierra Club, 1050 Mills Tower, San Francisco, California
Kenneth N. Phillips—Associate Hydraulic Engineer, Water Resources Branch, United States Geological Survey, Chairman, Research Committee of the Mazamas, 606 Post‐Office Building, Portland, Oregon
William S. Cooper—Professor of Botany, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Gerald FitzGerald, Senior Topographic Engineer, Alaska Branch, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.
Laurence M. Gould, Professor of Geology, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota
François E. Matthes, Chairman, Senior Geologist, Section of Glacial Geology, United States Geological Survey (titular member of the International Glacier Commission), Washington, D.C.
In 1938, as in previous years, the Committee devoted its energies primarily to the collecting of data on the variations in length and volume of American glaciers, it being felt that the maintenance of a continuous record of these variations is of prime importance, not only to hydrology and glaciology, but, as has become increasingly evident recently, also to climatology, geomorphology, geography, ecology, history, and archaeology. As the time available for the work of the Committee is limited and does not permit covering the entire field of glaciology, it seems best to devote it before all else to this line of research which yields results of value to so many different sciences. Besides, the gathering of data on glacier‐oscillations is not a one‐man job that can be taken up or dropped at convenience from time to time, but is an organized and far‐flung enterprise whose success depends upon the faithful cooperation of many volunteer workers located in different parts of the country. Such an enterprise, once launched, must be kept running or it will disintegrate and the precious enthusiasm of the field‐workers will be lost.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR020i004p00518","usgsCitation":"Matthes, F., 1939, Report of committee on glaciers, April 1939: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 20, no. 4, p. 518-523, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR020i004p00518.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"518","endPage":"523","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378630,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matthes, Francois E.","contributorId":240914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matthes","given":"Francois E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214041,"text":"70214041 - 1939 - The measurement and computation of flood‐discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T17:54:18.549157","indexId":"70214041","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T12:50:26","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The measurement and computation of flood‐discharge","docAbstract":"The Geological Survey has been engaged for more than 50 years in measuring and publishing the discharge of streams of the United States. Measured discharges have ranged in quantity from a small fraction of a second‐foot measured volumetrically to more than 2,000,000 second‐feet measured by use of the current‐meter equipment recently developed by the Survey and described by the writer in the April 1938 issue of Civil Engineering. In this work, systematic and generally complete records of discharge are being obtained at about 3700 gaging‐stations maintained and operated by the United States Geological Survey. A typical structure at which records of river‐stages are obtained is shown in Figure 1. A discharge‐record at a gaging‐station is usually derived from a record of stage by means of a curve or table showing the stage‐discharge relation as determined by measurements of discharge distributed over the range of stage.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR020i002p00177","usgsCitation":"Paulsen, C., 1939, The measurement and computation of flood‐discharge: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 20, no. 2, p. 177-187, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR020i002p00177.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"187","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378629,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulsen, Carl G.","contributorId":106865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulsen","given":"Carl G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214040,"text":"70214040 - 1939 - Ground waters of the Houston-Galveston Area: Chemical character and industrial utility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T17:49:18.223681","indexId":"70214040","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T12:41:48","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1986,"text":"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground waters of the Houston-Galveston Area: Chemical character and industrial utility","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ie50356a022","usgsCitation":"Foster, M.D., 1939, Ground waters of the Houston-Galveston Area: Chemical character and industrial utility: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, v. 31, no. 8, p. 1028-1034, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50356a022.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1028","endPage":"1034","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378628,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Houston Galveston Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.3446044921875,\n 29.08977693862319\n ],\n [\n -94.54833984375,\n 29.08977693862319\n ],\n [\n -94.54833984375,\n 30.486550842588485\n ],\n [\n -96.3446044921875,\n 30.486550842588485\n ],\n [\n -96.3446044921875,\n 29.08977693862319\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Margaret D.","contributorId":21141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214039,"text":"70214039 - 1939 - Sienna (\"ocher\") deposits of the Cartersville District, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T17:37:50.931582","indexId":"70214039","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T12:26:02","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sienna (\"ocher\") deposits of the Cartersville District, Georgia","docAbstract":"Sienna (\"ocher\") deposits in the Cartersville district, Georgia, occur in the contact zone between dolomitic limestone and underlying quartzite of Lower Cambrian age. These rocks, together with interbedded schists, were folded and recrystallized probably near the close of Paleozoic time. Simple fissures and transverse and oblique faults, formed during the late stages of folding, admitted hydrothermal solutions, which deposited concentrated masses of hematite and pyrite, and other ore minerals, in the dolomites and calcareous schists. There is some evidence that large bodies of iron carbonate also were deposited.
Subsequent weathering has removed the dolomite near the surface, and its residuum in many places rests upon the more resistant quartzite. Iron derived from the hematite and pyrite, and possibly from iron carbonate, was transferred by meteoric waters and deposited as hydrous oxides by partial replacement of (1) irregular, structureless bodies of the residuum, and (2) irregular areas in schists both at the base of the dolomite and beneath the uppermost quartzite bed. A relatively thin superficial portion of the uppermost quartzite bed also was replaced. Transfer of the iron has taken place over short distances only, and the present positions of the sienna deposits reflect essentially the positions of the deposits of source minerals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.34.3.324","usgsCitation":"Kesler, T., 1939, Sienna (\"ocher\") deposits of the Cartersville District, Georgia: Economic Geology, v. 34, no. 3, p. 324-341, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.34.3.324.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"324","endPage":"341","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Cartersville District","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.84878540039062,\n 34.0105502383134\n ],\n [\n -84.70870971679688,\n 34.0105502383134\n ],\n [\n -84.70870971679688,\n 34.19703724169261\n ],\n [\n -84.84878540039062,\n 34.19703724169261\n ],\n [\n -84.84878540039062,\n 34.0105502383134\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1939-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kesler, Thomas L.","contributorId":61883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kesler","given":"Thomas L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214038,"text":"70214038 - 1939 - Separation of cobalt from manganese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T17:25:25.556545","indexId":"70214038","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T12:14:37","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1982,"text":"Industrial And Engineering Chemistry Analytical Edition","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Separation of cobalt from manganese","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ac50134a011","usgsCitation":"American Chemical Society, 1939, Separation of cobalt from manganese: Industrial And Engineering Chemistry Analytical Edition, v. 11, no. 6, p. 326-327, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50134a011.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"326","endPage":"327","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW"} ,{"id":70214037,"text":"70214037 - 1939 - Manganese in a thermal spring in west-central Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T17:14:14.164527","indexId":"70214037","displayToPublicDate":"1939-09-21T11:55:20","publicationYear":"1939","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Manganese in a thermal spring in west-central Utah","docAbstract":"The hot spring north of Delta, Utah, is of particular interest because it has yielded commercial manganese ore; 715 tons of manganese oxide ore that averaged 20% manganese and 0.26% sulphur is recorded. The deposits occur as a thin bed and as lenses and nodules in a dome about 1,600 feet across and 15 feet high that has been formed subsequent to the dessication of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville. The alkaline hot waters, which reach temperatures of 182 degrees F. and have a total discharge of over 1,200 gallons a minute, average 3,900 parts per million in dissolved solids, with NaCl, CaSO 4 , MgCl 2 , and CaCO 3 . Five complete analyses show a manganese content of from 0 to 1.2 parts per million. Nevertheless, no appreciable manganese seems to be precipitating at present. The bed of manganese and iron oxides is scarcely more than a foot thick and is mostly covered by porous calcite. The ore is a porous aggregate of psilomelane and pyrolusite in which the vugs are lined with limonite. These minerals have been formed through the action of hot alkaline solutions over a long period; the original mineral was probably wad. The barium oxide is believed to be chemically combined with the manganese oxides. Probably all these materials have been leached from underlying rocks or deposits by hot circulating groundwaters and may not have a magmatic source.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.34.8.905","usgsCitation":"Callaghan, E., and Thomas, H.E., 1939, Manganese in a thermal spring in west-central Utah: Economic Geology, v. 34, no. 8, p. 905-920, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.34.8.905.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"905","endPage":"920","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378625,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Juab","otherGeospatial":"West Central 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