Magnetic concentrates recovered readily by hand magnet from alluvial sediments or panned concentrates have been used successfully in exploration as a geochemical sample medium for Cu, Zn, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, V, Sn, and Be, particularly in arid environments where alluvial sediments may be contaminated by aeolian debris. Opportunity for this use arose recently as chemical and spectrographic techniques were developed to determine the abundances of a variety of trace elements in Fe-rich media. The use of analytical data from magnetic concentrates was introduced as one of several anomaly-enhancement techniques based on heavy minerals and intended to identify blind ore deposits. An extensive literature, reviewed here, on the relation of the chemical composition of the mineral magnetite, a main component of magnetic concentrates, to geologic conditions of origin, facilitates the interpretation of trace-element data in the context of association with ore deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr85541","usgsCitation":"Overstreet, W., and Day, G., 1985, Review of the use of magnetic concentrates in geochemical exploration: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-541, i, 38 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85541.","productDescription":"i, 38 p. ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":44218,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0541/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0541/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db603f8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overstreet, W.C.","contributorId":105294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, G.W.","contributorId":63363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7792,"text":"ofr85115 - 1985 - Gravity base stations in the Hamilton and Elk City 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangles, Montana and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:04","indexId":"ofr85115","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-115","title":"Gravity base stations in the Hamilton and Elk City 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangles, Montana and Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85115","usgsCitation":"Bankey, V., and Kleinkopf, M.D., 1985, Gravity base stations in the Hamilton and Elk City 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangles, Montana and Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-115, 13 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85115.","productDescription":"13 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0115/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35292,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0115/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db672115","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bankey, Viki viki@usgs.gov","contributorId":1238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bankey","given":"Viki","email":"viki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":156610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleinkopf, M. D.","contributorId":10036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinkopf","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":15322,"text":"ofr85340 - 1985 - Geophysical well log data for study of water flow in fractures near Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-24T21:58:37.315474","indexId":"ofr85340","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-340","title":"Geophysical well log data for study of water flow in fractures near Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"Four closely spaced boreholes were drilled through approximately 20 meters of till into schist bedrock near Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire. The site was selected for borehole geophysical research because it is included in a detailed groundwater study where the effects of flow in fractures on flow in overlying drift deposits is being studied. Three of the boreholes are approximately 100 meters in depth, and the fourth is approximately 230 meters in depth. All four boreholes were logged with caliper, acoustic, gamma, single-point-resistivity, and acoustic televiewer logs. Fracture sets dipping approximately 45 degrees to the east were detected in all four boreholes. Two sets of deeper fractures were detected near the bottom of the deepest borehole. Acoustic waveform logs were obtained in all boreholes using three different source frequencies, 34, 15, and 5 kilohertz, for future comparison with surface to borehole seismic data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85340","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., 1985, Geophysical well log data for study of water flow in fractures near Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-340, vi, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85340.","productDescription":"vi, 27 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394786,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75793.htm"},{"id":44252,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0340/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0340/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","city":"West Thornton","otherGeospatial":"Mirror Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.69660568237305,\n 43.94110816034728\n ],\n [\n -71.68905258178711,\n 43.94110816034728\n ],\n [\n -71.68905258178711,\n 43.94679373516942\n ],\n [\n -71.69660568237305,\n 43.94679373516942\n ],\n [\n -71.69660568237305,\n 43.94110816034728\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b390","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15321,"text":"ofr85419 - 1985 - Acoustic-televiewer and acoustic-waveform logs used to characterize deeply buried basalt flows, Hanford site, Benton County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T19:18:08.240941","indexId":"ofr85419","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-419","title":"Acoustic-televiewer and acoustic-waveform logs used to characterize deeply buried basalt flows, Hanford site, Benton County, Washington","docAbstract":"Acoustic-waveform and acoustic-televiewer logs were obtained for a 400-meter interval of deeply buried basalt flows in three boreholes, and over shorter intervals in two additional boreholes located on the U.S. Department of Energy 's Hanford site in Benton County, Washington. Borehole-wall breakouts were observed in the unaltered interiors of a large part of individual basalt flows; however, several of the flows in one of the five boreholes had almost no breakouts. The distribution of breakouts observed on the televiewer logs correlated closely with the incidence of core disking in some intervals, but the correlation was not always perfect, perhaps because of the differences in the specific fracture mechanisms involved. Borehole-wall breakouts were consistently located on the east and west sides of the boreholes. The orientation is consistent with previous estimates of the principal horizontal-stress field in south-central Washington, if breakouts are assumed to form along the azimuth of the least principal stress. The distribution of breakouts repeatedly indicated an interval of breakout-free rock at the top and bottom of flows. Because breakouts frequently terminate at major low-angle fractures, the data indicate that fracturing may have relieved some of the horizontal stresses near flow tops and bottoms. Unaltered and unfractured basalt appeared to have a uniform compressional velocity of 6.0 + or - 0.1 km/sec and a uniform shear velocity of 3.35 + or - 0.1 km/sec throughout flow interiors. Acoustics-waveform logs also indicated that borehole-wall breakouts did not affect acoustic propagation along the borehole; so fracturing associated with the formation of breakouts appeared to be confined to a thin annulus of stress concentration around the borehole. Televiewer logs obtained before and after hydraulic fracturing in these boreholes indicated the extent of induced fractures, and also indicated minor changes to pre-existing fractures that may have been inflated during fracture generation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85419","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., 1985, Acoustic-televiewer and acoustic-waveform logs used to characterize deeply buried basalt flows, Hanford site, Benton County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-419, ix, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85419.","productDescription":"ix, 90 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405274,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75804.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":44251,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0419/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0419/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Benton County","otherGeospatial":"Hanford site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.97344970703124,\n 46.2957133089894\n ],\n [\n -119.234619140625,\n 46.2957133089894\n ],\n [\n -119.234619140625,\n 46.64377960861833\n ],\n [\n -119.97344970703124,\n 46.64377960861833\n ],\n [\n -119.97344970703124,\n 46.2957133089894\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a05f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15008,"text":"ofr85474 - 1985 - Descriptions of backhoe trenches dug on New River terraces between Radford and Pearisburg, Virginia, June 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:03","indexId":"ofr85474","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-474","title":"Descriptions of backhoe trenches dug on New River terraces between Radford and Pearisburg, Virginia, June 1981","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85474","usgsCitation":"Mills, H.H., 1985, Descriptions of backhoe trenches dug on New River terraces between Radford and Pearisburg, Virginia, June 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-474, ii, [2], 67 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85474.","productDescription":"ii, [2], 67 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147525,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0474/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43837,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0474/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669151","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, H. H.","contributorId":18384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"H.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":42354,"text":"ofr85653 - 1985 - Aeromagnetic map of the Beaver Valley area, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:11","indexId":"ofr85653","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-653","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Beaver Valley area, Utah","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr85653","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, Aeromagnetic map of the Beaver Valley area, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-653, 2 maps :photocopy ;44 x 66 cm. and 28 x 44 cm., on sheets 61 x 77 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85653.","productDescription":"2 maps :photocopy ;44 x 66 cm. and 28 x 44 cm., on sheets 61 x 77 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":80120,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0653/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":80121,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0653/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db697230","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15007,"text":"ofr85445 - 1985 - Description of stone-stripe excavation on Big Mountain, Giles County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:03","indexId":"ofr85445","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-445","title":"Description of stone-stripe excavation on Big Mountain, Giles County, Virginia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85445","usgsCitation":"Mills, H.H., 1985, Description of stone-stripe excavation on Big Mountain, Giles County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-445, 11 p. :chiefly ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85445.","productDescription":"11 p. :chiefly ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0445/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43836,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0445/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aabe4b07f02db669a40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, H. H.","contributorId":18384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"H.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15138,"text":"ofr85260 - 1985 - Geochemical signatures of ore deposits and mineralized rocks in the Cedar Mountains, Mineral and Nye Counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-26T21:50:41.044076","indexId":"ofr85260","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-260","title":"Geochemical signatures of ore deposits and mineralized rocks in the Cedar Mountains, Mineral and Nye Counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85260","usgsCitation":"Nash, J., Siems, D.F., and Hill, R.H., 1985, Geochemical signatures of ore deposits and mineralized rocks in the Cedar Mountains, Mineral and Nye Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-260, Report: 22 p.; 1 Plate: 20.99 × 27.69 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85260.","productDescription":"Report: 22 p.; 1 Plate: 20.99 × 27.69 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392153,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16758.htm"},{"id":44061,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0260/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44060,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0260/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0260/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Mineral County, Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Cedar Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.875,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -117.75,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -117.75,\n 38.625\n ],\n [\n -117.875,\n 38.625\n ],\n [\n -117.875,\n 38.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abfa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nash, J. T.","contributorId":31751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"J. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siems, D. F.","contributorId":101239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siems","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, R. H.","contributorId":57059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":13843,"text":"ofr85572 - 1985 - Use and availability of continuous streamflow records in New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:49","indexId":"ofr85572","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-572","title":"Use and availability of continuous streamflow records in New Mexico","docAbstract":"The use and availability of data collected at streamflow gaging stations in New Mexico is documented as the first phase of a three phase study of the cost-effectiveness of the stream gaging program. Presently, 143 continuous gaging stations are operated. Data collected at most gaging stations have multiple uses. Many stations are operated under the terms of eight legal compacts and two court decrees. These data provide the basis for distribution of irrigation water and operation of dams. Data from six stations are used for forecasting flood conditions. Water quality data are collected at many of the stations, ten of which have been designated as part of a national network of water quality data monitoring and two under the benchmark program. Data useful in the defining regional hydrology have been collected at a majority of the stations. All stations presently (1984) have sufficient justification for continued operations. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85572","usgsCitation":"Gold, R., and Denis, L., 1985, Use and availability of continuous streamflow records in New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-572, iv, 44 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85572.","productDescription":"iv, 44 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0572/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42443,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0572/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60520c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gold, R.L.","contributorId":97918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denis, L.P.","contributorId":38417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denis","given":"L.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13745,"text":"ofr84138 - 1985 - Selected climatological and hydrologic data, Raton basin, Huerfano and Las Animas Counties, Colorado, and Colfax County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:46","indexId":"ofr84138","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-138","title":"Selected climatological and hydrologic data, Raton basin, Huerfano and Las Animas Counties, Colorado, and Colfax County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The hydrology of the coal-bearing Raton Basin of Colorado and New Mexico was investigated by the U.S. Geological Survey. Data in the report were collected from 1977 to 1982, mainly in the watersheds of the Apishapa and Purgatoire Rivers; data from the Cucharas, Canadian, and Vermejo River watersheds are also included in the report. The report contains records of precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, evaporation, and wind movement at U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers meteorological stations; records of soil water collected by the U.S. Geological Survey; records of stream discharge and quality at U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations and miscellaneous sites; and a variety of ground-water data. The ground-water data includes records of 231 wells, springs, and mines, including 87 chemical analyses of the water, recorded water levels in 29 observation wells, results of 125 aquifer tests, and 87 logs of wells and test holes. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84138","usgsCitation":"Geldon, A.L., and Abbott, P., 1985, Selected climatological and hydrologic data, Raton basin, Huerfano and Las Animas Counties, Colorado, and Colfax County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-138, v, 268 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84138.","productDescription":"v, 268 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0138/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42324,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0138/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa621","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geldon, Arthur L.","contributorId":16395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geldon","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abbott, P.O.","contributorId":21154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"P.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":17988,"text":"ofr84701 - 1985 - Discharge and sediment data for Barataria Pass, Louisiana, 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:20","indexId":"ofr84701","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-701","title":"Discharge and sediment data for Barataria Pass, Louisiana, 1983","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Services Section, Western Distribution Branch, U.S. Geological Survey [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr84701","usgsCitation":"Arcement, G., 1985, Discharge and sediment data for Barataria Pass, Louisiana, 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-701, iv, 26 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84701.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149895,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0701/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47232,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0701/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aaa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arcement, G.J.","contributorId":59058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arcement","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15180,"text":"ofr85176 - 1985 - Water-surface profiles along Bayou Meto and Rocky Branch near Jacksonville, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:00","indexId":"ofr85176","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-176","title":"Water-surface profiles along Bayou Meto and Rocky Branch near Jacksonville, Arkansas","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85176","usgsCitation":"Neely, B., 1985, Water-surface profiles along Bayou Meto and Rocky Branch near Jacksonville, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-176, iv, 16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85176.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0176/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44094,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0176/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9aaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neely, B.L. Jr.","contributorId":13249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neely","given":"B.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15163,"text":"ofr85754 - 1985 - Minutes of the National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, July 26-27, 1985, Menlo Park, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:59","indexId":"ofr85754","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-754","title":"Minutes of the National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, July 26-27, 1985, Menlo Park, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85754","usgsCitation":"Shearer, C., 1985, Minutes of the National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, July 26-27, 1985, Menlo Park, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-754, 445 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85754.","productDescription":"445 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0754/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44082,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0754/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shearer, C.F.","contributorId":62216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearer","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15335,"text":"ofr8531 - 1985 - Latitudinal distribution of land and shelf and absorbed solar radiation during the Phanerozoic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:58","indexId":"ofr8531","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-31","title":"Latitudinal distribution of land and shelf and absorbed solar radiation during the Phanerozoic","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8531","usgsCitation":"Parrish, J.T., 1985, Latitudinal distribution of land and shelf and absorbed solar radiation during the Phanerozoic: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-31, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8531.","productDescription":"21 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0031/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44263,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0031/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a89e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrish, Judith T.","contributorId":83945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":170973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8958,"text":"ofr83858 - 1985 - Hydrologic data from Naval Oil Shale Reserves, Parachute Creek basin, northwestern Colorado, 1980-81","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:10","indexId":"ofr83858","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-858","title":"Hydrologic data from Naval Oil Shale Reserves, Parachute Creek basin, northwestern Colorado, 1980-81","docAbstract":"Two years (water yr 1980 and 1981) of data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey for the U.S. Department of Energy, Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves, in the Parachute Creek drainage basin of northwestern Colorado are tabulated. Data were obtained from five surface water gages, two automatic sediment samplers, and two water quality monitors. Climate data include maximum, minimum, and average temperature and relative humidity, average wind speed and wind direction, and total daily solar radiation. Daily total precipitation is reported for three stations, and snow-course data reported for one site. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr83858","usgsCitation":"Galyean, K., Adams, D.B., and Collins, D., 1985, Hydrologic data from Naval Oil Shale Reserves, Parachute Creek basin, northwestern Colorado, 1980-81: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-858, iv, 82 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83858.","productDescription":"iv, 82 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0858/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36581,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0858/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607800","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galyean, K.C.","contributorId":69140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galyean","given":"K.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, D. B.","contributorId":59030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, D.L.","contributorId":87936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":14849,"text":"ofr85192 - 1985 - Selected trace-element data for streams in the southern Yampa River basin, northwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:57","indexId":"ofr85192","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-192","title":"Selected trace-element data for streams in the southern Yampa River basin, northwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"Increases in coal mining in northwestern Colorado have increased concerns about the impact of mining on the chemical quality of surface water. One area of particular concern is in the southern part of the Yampa River basin. To identify the possible changes in water quality produced by mining in this area, it is first necessary to determine the present water chemistry resulting from the geology, climate, and land use. Because few data were available, a program for the synoptic collection of water-quality data was developed in which sampling sites were selected to determine the surface-water chemistry. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85192","usgsCitation":"Maura, W., 1985, Selected trace-element data for streams in the southern Yampa River basin, northwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-192, iv, 158 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85192.","productDescription":"iv, 158 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0192/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43635,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0192/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a01e4b07f02db5f7fed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maura, W.S.","contributorId":65094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maura","given":"W.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":14893,"text":"ofr85387 - 1985 - ARL-SEMQ electron microprobe operating manual","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:54","indexId":"ofr85387","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-387","title":"ARL-SEMQ electron microprobe operating manual","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85387","usgsCitation":"McGee, J.J., 1985, ARL-SEMQ electron microprobe operating manual: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-387, 65 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85387.","productDescription":"65 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0387/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43695,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0387/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b14e4b07f02db6a47a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGee, J. J.","contributorId":92271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15222,"text":"ofr85190 - 1985 - Water-quality data for streams in the Upper North Fork of the Gunnison River, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:00","indexId":"ofr85190","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-190","title":"Water-quality data for streams in the Upper North Fork of the Gunnison River, Colorado","docAbstract":"The upper reaches of the North Fork of the Gunnison River have been an area of active coal mining for many years. Recently, concerns about impacts of coal mining on surface-water quality have been raised. To answer these concerns, information on existing, or background, water quality must be known. To obtain this information for the study area, a program for the synoptic collection of water quality data was established in 1982. Water quality data were collected on continuously flowing streams in the upper North Fork of the Gunnison River basin in 1982 and 1983. Each site was sampled repetitively as changes occurred in streamflow and specific conductance. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85190","usgsCitation":"Norris, J.M., and Maura, W., 1985, Water-quality data for streams in the Upper North Fork of the Gunnison River, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-190, viii, 122 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85190.","productDescription":"viii, 122 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0190/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44156,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0190/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e58d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norris, J. M.","contributorId":87953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maura, W.S.","contributorId":65094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maura","given":"W.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":16709,"text":"ofr85660A - 1985 - National Earthquake Information Center Waveform catalog, January 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:12","indexId":"ofr85660A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-660","chapter":"A","title":"National Earthquake Information Center Waveform catalog, January 1985","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85660A","usgsCitation":"Zirbes, M.D., Lishner, J.M., and Moon, B.J., 1985, National Earthquake Information Center Waveform catalog, January 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-660, v, 185 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85660A.","productDescription":"v, 185 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0660a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45781,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0660a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6988b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zirbes, Madeleine D.","contributorId":64653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zirbes","given":"Madeleine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lishner, Janna M.","contributorId":87564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lishner","given":"Janna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moon, Beverly J.","contributorId":101682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moon","given":"Beverly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":15237,"text":"ofr85552 - 1985 - Sedimentation and water quality in the West Branch Shade River basin, Ohio, 1984 water year","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:57","indexId":"ofr85552","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-552","title":"Sedimentation and water quality in the West Branch Shade River basin, Ohio, 1984 water year","docAbstract":"Sedimentation in, and flooding of, the West Branch Shade River and its tributaries have been major concerns of residents and State and local officials. The area was extensively surface mined for coal between the mid-1940 's and the early 1960's. Reclamation efforts immediately after mining were unsuccessful. The results have been elevated sediment loads and the subsequent loss of channel conveyance. Two sediment and stream gaging stations were established on West Branch Shade River in the area of past mining to provide data to evaluate the effectiveness of current reclamation activities on reducing sediment loads. A third station was established on the East Branch Shade River in an unmined area as a control. From October 1983 through September 1984, the annual suspended sediment yield/acre-ft of runoff was approximately two times as high for West Branch Shade River (0.51 ton/acre-ft of runoff) as for East Branch Shade River (0.28 ton/acre-ft). In addition, water quality of West Branch indicates that acidity is higher, pH is lower, and concentrations of dissolved sulfate and metals are higher than for East Branch. The concentration of coal in bed material increased in the downstream direction along West Branch Shade River. The concentration downstream in the West Branch was more than 20 times greater than in the East Branch. 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