{"pageNumber":"727","pageRowStart":"18150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":70038140,"text":"70038140 - 2011 - Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-11T22:24:08","indexId":"70038140","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?","docAbstract":"Aligning engineering practice with natural process behavior would appear, on its face, to be a prudent and reasonable course of action. However, if we do not understand the long-term characteristics of hydroclimatic processes, how does one find the prudent and reasonable course needed for water management? We consider this question in light of three aspects of existing and unresolved issues affecting hydroclimatic variability and statistical inference: Hurst-Kolmogorov phenomena; the complications long-term persistence introduces with respect to statistical understanding; and the dependence of process understanding on arbitrary sampling choices. These problems are not easily addressed. In such circumstances, humility may be more important than physics; a simple model with well-understood flaws may be preferable to a sophisticated model whose correspondence to reality is uncertain.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Middleburg, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x","usgsCitation":"Lins, L.F., and Cohn, T., 2011, Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 3, p. 475-480, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"480","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257426,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b96fee4b08c986b31b80c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, Larry F.","contributorId":75374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohn, Timothy A. tacohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"Timothy A.","email":"tacohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004543,"text":"70004543 - 2011 - Mortality of American alligators attributed to cannibalism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T12:36:02","indexId":"70004543","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T15:34:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality of American alligators attributed to cannibalism","docAbstract":"Mortality of juvenile (<122 cm total length; TL) American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) attributed to cannibalism on Orange Lake, Florida was examined. Alligator web tags used in mark–recapture studies were found in 12% of 267 stomachs sampled from alligators ≥168 cm TL. Captive alligators retained 76% of force-fed tags during a 588-d tag-retention trial. Models relating the probability of tag recovery to the annual probabilities of juvenile survival, cannibalism, tag retention, adult survival, and adult harvest suggested that cannibalism may on average remove 6–7% of the juvenile alligator population annually. Vulnerability continued to 140 cm TL (age 6–8 yr). Cannibalism of juveniles may serve to regulate the alligator population on Orange Lake. Alligator cannibalism may vary widely among populations, depending on demography and environmental conditions. The role and importance of cannibalism in alligator population dynamics should be more fully assessed and environmental and population factors that influence cannibalism identified to better evaluate management programs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Herpetologists' League","doi":"10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00040.1","usgsCitation":"Delany, M.F., Woodward, A., Kiltie, R.A., and Moore, C., 2011, Mortality of American alligators attributed to cannibalism: Herpetologica, v. 67, no. 2, p. 174-185, https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00040.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"185","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474730,"rank":201,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1655/herpetologica-d-10-00040.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21832,"rank":200,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00040.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Orange Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.248072,29.417057 ], [ -82.248072,29.540912 ], [ -82.064015,29.540912 ], [ -82.064015,29.417057 ], [ -82.248072,29.417057 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"67","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e74e4b0c8380cd70a58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delany, Michael F.","contributorId":102346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delany","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, Allan R.","contributorId":12751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Allan R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kiltie, Richard A.","contributorId":34393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiltie","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Clinton T.","contributorId":9767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Clinton T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70004612,"text":"70004612 - 2011 - Monitoring bald eagles using lists of nests: Response to Watts and Duerr","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T14:16:17","indexId":"70004612","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T14:56:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring bald eagles using lists of nests: Response to Watts and Duerr","docAbstract":"The post-delisting monitoring plan for bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) roposed use of a dual-frame sample design, in which sampling of known nest sites in combination with additional area-based sampling is used to estimate total number of nesting bald eagle pairs. Watts and Duerr (2010) used data from repeated observations of bald eagle nests in Virginia, USA to estimate a nest turnover rate and used this rate to simulate decline in number of occupied nests in list nests over time. Results of Watts and Duerr suggest that, given the rates of loss of nests from the list of known nest sites in Virginia, the list information will be of little value to sampling unless lists are constantly updated. Those authors criticize the plan for not placing sufficient emphasis on updating and maintaining lists of bald eagle nests. Watts and Duerr's metric of turnover rate does not distinguish detectability or temporary nonuse of nests from permanent loss of nests and likely overestimates turnover rate. We describe a multi-state capture–recapture model that allows appropriate estimation of rates of loss of nests, and we use the model to estimate rates of loss from a sample of nests from Maine, USA. The post-delisting monitoring plan addresses the need to maintain and update the lists of nests, and we show that dual frame sampling is an effective approach for sampling nesting bald eagle populations.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.84","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., Otto, M.C., Kendall, W.L., and Zimmerman, G.S., 2011, Monitoring bald eagles using lists of nests: Response to Watts and Duerr: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 3, p. 509-512, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.84.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"509","endPage":"512","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d8ee4b0c8380cd70459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John R.","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otto, Mark C.","contributorId":6307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, William L. wkendall@usgs.gov","contributorId":406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","email":"wkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, Guthrie S.","contributorId":42473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Guthrie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":350859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003732,"text":"70003732 - 2011 - Modifications of traps to reduce bycatch of freshwater turtles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T16:41:53","indexId":"70003732","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modifications of traps to reduce bycatch of freshwater turtles","docAbstract":"Mortality of freshwater turtles varies among types and deployments of traps. There are few or no losses in hoop or fyke traps set where turtles may reach air, including placement in shallows, addition of floats on traps, and tying traps securely to a stake or to shore. Turtle mortality occurs when traps are set deep, traps are checked at intervals >1 day, and when turtles are captured as bycatch. Devices are available that exclude turtles from traps set for crab or game fish harvest. Slotted gates in front of the trap mouth reduce turtle entry, but small individuals still may be trapped. Incidental take of turtles is preventable by integrating several designs into aquatic traps, such as adding floats to the top of traps so turtles may reach air or an extension tube (chimney, ramp) that creates an escape route.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.31","usgsCitation":"Bury, R.B., 2011, Modifications of traps to reduce bycatch of freshwater turtles: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 1, p. 3-5, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.31.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"5","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257276,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.31","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5cb8e4b0c8380cd6fed2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bury, R. Bruce buryb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bury","given":"R.","email":"buryb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":348567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006287,"text":"70006287 - 2011 - Modules based on the geochemical model PHREEQC for use in scripting and programming languages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T10:15:24","indexId":"70006287","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modules based on the geochemical model PHREEQC for use in scripting and programming languages","docAbstract":"The geochemical model PHREEQC is capable of simulating a wide range of equilibrium reactions between water and minerals, ion exchangers, surface complexes, solid solutions, and gases. It also has a general kinetic formulation that allows modeling of nonequilibrium mineral dissolution and precipitation, microbial reactions, decomposition of organic compounds, and other kinetic reactions. To facilitate use of these reaction capabilities in scripting languages and other models, PHREEQC has been implemented in modules that easily interface with other software. A Microsoft COM (component object model) has been implemented, which allows PHREEQC to be used by any software that can interface with a COM server—for example, Excel®, Visual Basic®, Python, or MATLAB\". PHREEQC has been converted to a C++ class, which can be included in programs written in C++. The class also has been compiled in libraries for Linux and Windows that allow PHREEQC to be called from C++, C, and Fortran. A limited set of methods implements the full reaction capabilities of PHREEQC for each module. Input methods use strings or files to define reaction calculations in exactly the same formats used by PHREEQC. Output methods provide a table of user-selected model results, such as concentrations, activities, saturation indices, and densities. The PHREEQC module can add geochemical reaction capabilities to surface-water, groundwater, and watershed transport models. It is possible to store and manipulate solution compositions and reaction information for many cells within the module. In addition, the object-oriented nature of the PHREEQC modules simplifies implementation of parallel processing for reactive-transport models. The PHREEQC COM module may be used in scripting languages to fit parameters; to plot PHREEQC results for field, laboratory, or theoretical investigations; or to develop new models that include simple or complex geochemical calculations.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2011.02.005","usgsCitation":"Charlton, S.R., and Parkhurst, D.L., 2011, Modules based on the geochemical model PHREEQC for use in scripting and programming languages: Computers & Geosciences, v. 37, no. 10, p. 1653-1663, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2011.02.005.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1653","endPage":"1663","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5ce4e4b0c8380cd6fff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charlton, Scott R. 0000-0001-7332-3394 charlton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7332-3394","contributorId":1632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charlton","given":"Scott","email":"charlton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70007531,"text":"70007531 - 2011 - How reservoirs alter drinking water quality: Organic matter sources, sinks, and transformations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:39:53","indexId":"70007531","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-27T12:46:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How reservoirs alter drinking water quality: Organic matter sources, sinks, and transformations","docAbstract":"Within reservoirs, production, transformation, and loss of dissolved organic matter (DOM) occur simultaneously. While the balance between production and loss determines whether a reservoir is a net sink or source of DOM, changes in chemical composition are also important because they affect DOM reactivity with respect to disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. The composition of the DOM pool also provides insight into DOM sources and processing, which can inform reservoir management. We examined the concentration and composition of DOM in San Luis Reservoir, a large off-stream impoundment of the California State Water Project. We used a wide array of DOM chemical tracers including dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation potentials (THMFP and HAAFP, respectively), absorbance properties, isotopic composition, lignin phenol content, and structural groupings determined by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). There were periods when the reservoir was a net source of DOC due to the predominance of algal production (summer), a net sink due to the predominance of degradation (fall–winter), and balanced between production and consumption (spring). Despite only moderate variation in bulk DOC concentration (3.0–3.6 mg C/L), changes in DOM composition indicated that terrestrial-derived material entering the reservoir was being degraded and replaced by aquatic-derived DOM produced within the reservoir. Substantial changes in the propensity of the DOM pool to form THMs and HAAs illustrate that the DBP precursor pool was not directly coupled to bulk DOC concentration and indicate that algal production is an important source of DBP precursors. Results suggest reservoirs have the potential to attenuate DOM amount and reactivity with respect to DBP precursors via degradative processes; however, these benefits can be decreased or even negated by the production of algal-derived DOM.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/07438141.2011.597283","usgsCitation":"Kraus, T., Bergamaschi, B., Hernes, P.J., Doctor, D.H., Kendall, C., Downing, B.D., and Losee, R.F., 2011, How reservoirs alter drinking water quality: Organic matter sources, sinks, and transformations: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 27, no. 3, p. 205-219, https://doi.org/10.1080/07438141.2011.597283.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-025590","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474733,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07438141.2011.597283","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Reservoir","volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3255e4b0c8380cd5e715","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E.C. 0000-0002-5187-8644","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":92410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":73241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hernes, Peter J.","contributorId":85311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernes","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Losee, Richard F.","contributorId":8709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Losee","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70004546,"text":"70004546 - 2011 - Impacts of invasive plants on Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) roosting habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T10:00:36","indexId":"70004546","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-27T11:59:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2100,"text":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of invasive plants on Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) roosting habitat","docAbstract":"

Invasive plants continue to spread in riparian ecosystems, causing both ecological and economic damage. This research investigated the impacts of common reed, purple loosestrife, riparian shrubland, and riparian woodlands on the quality and quantity of sandhill crane roosting habitat in the central Platte River, Nebraska, using a discrete choice model. A more detailed investigation of the impacts of common reed on sandhill crane roosting habitat was performed by forecasting a spread or contraction of this invasive plant. The discrete choice model indicates that riparian woodlands had the largest negative impact on sandhill crane roosting habitat. The forecasting results predict that a contraction of common reed could increase sandhill crane habitat availability by 50%, whereas an expansion could reduce the availability by as much as 250%. This suggests that if the distribution of common reed continues to expand in the central Platte River the availability of sandhill crane roosting habitat would likely be greatly reduced.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Weed Science Society of America","doi":"10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00036.1","usgsCitation":"Kessler, A.C., Merchant, J.W., Allen, C.R., and Shultz, S.D., 2011, Impacts of invasive plants on Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) roosting habitat: Invasive Plant Science and Management, v. 4, no. 4, p. 369-377, https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00036.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"377","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030311","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":257161,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38eee4b0c8380cd61737","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kessler, Andrew C.","contributorId":13084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kessler","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merchant, James W.","contributorId":7858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merchant","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shultz, Steven D.","contributorId":98162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shultz","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70006215,"text":"70006215 - 2011 - Is the model a misfit in Hawaii? The North American model in our most recent state","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-15T10:12:47","indexId":"70006215","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-27T11:37:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3587,"text":"The Wildlife Professional","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Is the model a misfit in Hawaii? The North American model in our most recent state","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Wildlife Professional","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lepczyk, C., Johnson, E.D., and Hess, S.C., 2011, Is the model a misfit in Hawaii? The North American model in our most recent state: The Wildlife Professional, v. 5, no. 3, p. 64-67.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"67","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","volume":"5","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f2de4b0c8380cd6430a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lepczyk, Christopher A.","contributorId":24212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lepczyk","given":"Christopher A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Edwin D.","contributorId":61288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hess, Steven C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":3156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004028,"text":"70004028 - 2011 - Integration of paleoseismic data from multiple sites to develop an objective earthquake chronology: Application to the Weber segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-01T01:01:40","indexId":"70004028","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-23T08:56:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integration of paleoseismic data from multiple sites to develop an objective earthquake chronology: Application to the Weber segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah","docAbstract":"We present a method to evaluate and integrate paleoseismic data from multiple sites into a single, objective measure of earthquake timing and recurrence on discrete segments of active faults. We apply this method to the Weber segment (WS) of the Wasatch fault zone using data from four fault-trench studies completed between 1981 and 2009. After systematically reevaluating the stratigraphic and chronologic data from each trench site, we constructed time-stratigraphic OxCal models that yield site probability density functions (PDFs) of the times of individual earthquakes. We next qualitatively correlated the site PDFs into a segment-wide earthquake chronology, which is supported by overlapping site PDFs, large per-event displacements, and prominent segment boundaries. For each segment-wide earthquake, we computed the product of the site PDF probabilities in common time bins, which emphasizes the overlap in the site earthquake times, and gives more weight to the narrowest, best-defined PDFs. The product method yields smaller earthquake-timing uncertainties compared to taking the mean of the site PDFs, but is best suited to earthquakes constrained by broad, overlapping site PDFs. We calculated segment-wide earthquake recurrence intervals and uncertainties using a Monte Carlo model. Five surface-faulting earthquakes occurred on the WS at about 5.9, 4.5, 3.1, 1.1, and 0.6 ka. With the exception of the 1.1-ka event, we used the product method to define the earthquake times. The revised WS chronology yields a mean recurrence interval of 1.3 kyr (0.7–1.9-kyr estimated two-sigma [2δ] range based on interevent recurrence). These data help clarify the paleoearthquake history of the WS, including the important question of the timing and rupture extent of the most recent earthquake, and are essential to the improvement of earthquake-probability assessments for the Wasatch Front region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110102","usgsCitation":"DuRoss, C., Personius, S.F., Crone, A.J., Olig, S.S., and Lund, W., 2011, Integration of paleoseismic data from multiple sites to develop an objective earthquake chronology: Application to the Weber segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 6, p. 2765-2781, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110102.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2765","endPage":"2781","temporalStart":"1981-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257059,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110102","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Wasatch Fault Zone","volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c8de4b0c8380cd62e25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DuRoss, Christopher B.","contributorId":66532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"Christopher B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crone, Anthony J. 0000-0002-3006-406X crone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-406X","contributorId":790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"Anthony","email":"crone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olig, Susan S.","contributorId":87640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olig","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lund, William R.","contributorId":48320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003530,"text":"70003530 - 2011 - Influence of throat configuration and fish density on escapement of channel catfish from hoop nets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-05T11:15:06","indexId":"70003530","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-21T11:34:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of throat configuration and fish density on escapement of channel catfish from hoop nets","docAbstract":"

In recent years, several state agencies have adopted the use of baited, tandemset hoop nets to assess lentic channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus populations. Some level of escapement from the net is expected because an opening exists in each throat of the net, although factors influencing rates of escapement from hoop nets have not been quantified. We conducted experiments to quantify rates of escapement and to determine the influence of throat configuration and fish density within the net on escapement rates. An initial experiment to determine the rate of escapement from each net compartment utilized individually tagged channel catfish placed within the entrance (between the two throats) and cod (within the second throat) compartments of a single hoop net for overnight sets. From this experiment, the mean rate (±SE) of channel catfish escaping was 4.2% (±1.5) from the cod (cod throat was additionally restricted from the traditionally manufactured product), and 74% (±4.2) from the entrance compartments. In a subsequent experiment, channel catfish were placed only in the cod compartment with different throat configurations (restricted or unrestricted) and at two densities (low [6 fish per net] and high [60 fish per net]) for overnight sets to determine the influence of fish density and throat configuration on escapement rates. Escapement rates between throat configurations were doubled at low fish density (13.3 ± 5.4% restricted versus 26.7 ± 5.6% unrestricted) and tripled at high fish density (14.3 ± 4.9% restricted versus 51.9 ± 5.0% unrestricted). These results suggest that retention efficiency is high from cod compartments with restricted throat entrances. However, managers and researchers need to be aware that modification to the cod throats (restrictions) is needed for hoop nets ordered from manufacturers. Managers need to be consistent in their use and reporting of cod end throat configurations when using this gear.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Porath, M.T., Pape, L.D., and Richters, L.K., 2011, Influence of throat configuration and fish density on escapement of channel catfish from hoop nets: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 77, p. 563-571.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"571","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":204,"text":"Cooperative Research Unit Seattle","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257019,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":301046,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/shop/54077C"}],"volume":"77","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b8fe4b0c8380cd62644","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porath, Mark T.","contributorId":28846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porath","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pape, Larry D.","contributorId":102725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pape","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richters, Lindsey K.","contributorId":46345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richters","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005087,"text":"70005087 - 2011 - Influence of dissolved organic carbon on toxicity of copper to a unionid mussel (Villosa iris) and a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) in acute and chronic water exposures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-21T16:14:21","indexId":"70005087","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-21T10:50:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of dissolved organic carbon on toxicity of copper to a unionid mussel (Villosa iris) and a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) in acute and chronic water exposures","docAbstract":"Acute and chronic toxicity of copper (Cu) to a unionid mussel (Villosa iris) and a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) were determined in water exposures at four concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC; nominally 0.5, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L as carbon [C]). Test waters with DOC concentrations of 2.5 to 10 mg C/L were prepared by mixing a concentrate of natural organic matter (Suwannee River, GA, USA) in diluted well water (hardness 100 mg/L as CaCO3, pH 8.3, DOC 0.5 mg C/L). Acute median effect concentrations (EC50s) for dissolved Cu increased approximately fivefold (15–72 μg Cu/L) for mussel survival in 4-d exposures and increased about 11-fold (25–267 μg Cu/L) for cladoceran survival in 2-d exposures across DOC concentrations from 0.5 to 10 mg C/L. Similarly, chronic 20% effect concentrations (EC20s) for the mussel in 28-d exposures increased about fivefold (13–61 μg Cu/L for survival; 8.8–38 μg Cu/L for biomass), and the EC20s for the cladoceran in 7-d exposures increased approximately 17-fold (13–215 μg Cu/L) for survival or approximately fourfold (12–42 μg Cu/L) for reproduction across DOC concentrations from 0.5 to 10 mg C/L. The acute and chronic values for the mussel were less than or approximately equal to the values for the cladoceran. Predictions from the biotic ligand model (BLM) used to derive the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) for Cu explained more than 90% of the variation in the acute and chronic endpoints for the two species, with the exception of the EC20 for cladoceran reproduction (only 46% of variation explained). The BLM-normalized acute EC50s and chronic EC20s for the mussel and BLM-normalized chronic EC20s for the cladoceran in waters with DOC concentrations of 2.5 to 10 mg C/L were equal to or less than the final acute value and final chronic value in the BLM-based AWQC for Cu, respectively, indicating that the Cu AWQC might not adequately protect the mussel from acute and chronic exposure, and the cladoceran from chronic exposure.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.596","usgsCitation":"Wang, N., Mebane, C.A., Kunz, J.L., Ingersoll, C.G., Brumbaugh, W.G., Santore, R.C., Gorsuch, J.W., and Arnold, W.R., 2011, Influence of dissolved organic carbon on toxicity of copper to a unionid mussel (Villosa iris) and a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) in acute and chronic water exposures: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 9, p. 2115-2125, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.596.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2115","endPage":"2125","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b28e4b0c8380cd62295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Ning 0000-0002-2846-3352 nwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-3352","contributorId":2818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Ning","email":"nwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kunz, James L. 0000-0002-1027-158X jkunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-158X","contributorId":3309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"James","email":"jkunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Santore, Robert C.","contributorId":53206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santore","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gorsuch, Joseph W.","contributorId":76975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorsuch","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Arnold, W. Ray","contributorId":102721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70007273,"text":"70007273 - 2011 - Impacts of climate change on the growing season in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-30T01:01:38","indexId":"70007273","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-21T09:17:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1421,"text":"Earth Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of climate change on the growing season in the United States","docAbstract":"Understanding the effects of climate change on the vegetative growing season is key to quantifying future hydrologic water budget conditions. The U.S. Geological Survey modeled changes in future growing season length at 14 basins across 11 states. Simulations for each basin were generated using five general circulation models with three emission scenarios as inputs to the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS). PRMS is a deterministic, distributed-parameter, watershed model developed to simulate the effects of various combinations of precipitation, climate, and land use on watershed response. PRMS was modified to include a growing season calculation in this study. The growing season was examined for trends in the total length (annual), as well as changes in the timing of onset (spring) and the end (fall) of the growing season. The results showed an increase in the annual growing season length in all 14 basins, averaging 27–47 days for the three emission scenarios. The change in the spring and fall growing season onset and end varied across the 14 basins, with larger increases in the total length of the growing season occurring in the mountainous regions and smaller increases occurring in the Midwest, Northeast, and Southeast regions. The Clear Creek basin, 1 of the 14 basins in this study, was evaluated to examine the growing season length determined by emission scenario, as compared to a growing season length fixed baseline condition. The Clear Creek basin showed substantial variation in hydrologic responses, including streamflow, as a result of growing season length determined by emission scenario.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Interactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA","doi":"10.1175/2011EI376.1","usgsCitation":"Markstrom, S., and Hay, L.E., 2011, Impacts of climate change on the growing season in the United States: Earth Interactions, v. 15, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1175/2011EI376.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474739,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2011ei376.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":256997,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011EI376.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38e7e4b0c8380cd61720","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":1986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven L.","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037782,"text":"70037782 - 2011 - Estimating water supply arsenic levels in the New England bladder cancer study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-17T01:01:41","indexId":"70037782","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-08T08:40:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating water supply arsenic levels in the New England bladder cancer study","docAbstract":"

Background: Ingestion of inorganic arsenic in drinking water is recognized as a cause of bladder cancer when levels are relatively high (≥ 150 μg/L). The epidemiologic evidence is less clear at the low-to-moderate concentrations typically observed in the United States. Accurate retrospective exposure assessment over a long time period is a major challenge in conducting epidemiologic studies of environmental factors and diseases with long latency, such as cancer.

\n

Objective: We estimated arsenic concentrations in the water supplies of 2,611 participants in a population-based case–control study in northern New England.

\n

Methods: Estimates covered the lifetimes of most study participants and were based on a combination of arsenic measurements at the homes of the participants and statistical modeling of arsenic concentrations in the water supply of both past and current homes. We assigned a residential water supply arsenic concentration for 165,138 (95%) of the total 173,361 lifetime exposure years (EYs) and a workplace water supply arsenic level for 85,195 EYs (86% of reported occupational years).

\n

Results: Three methods accounted for 93% of the residential estimates of arsenic concentration: direct measurement of water samples (27%; median, 0.3 μg/L; range, 0.1–11.5), statistical models of water utility measurement data (49%; median, 0.4 μg/L; range, 0.3–3.3), and statistical models of arsenic concentrations in wells using aquifers in New England (17%; median, 1.6 μg/L; range, 0.6–22.4).

\n

Conclusions: We used a different validation procedure for each of the three methods, and found our estimated levels to be comparable with available measured concentrations. This methodology allowed us to calculate potential drinking water exposure over long periods.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Health Perspectives","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","publisherLocation":"Research Triangle Park, NC","doi":"10.1289/ehp.1002345","usgsCitation":"Nuckols, J.R., Beane Freeman, L.E., Lubin, J.H., Airola, M.S., Baris, D., Ayotte, J., Taylor, A., Paulu, C., Karagas, M.R., Colt, J., Ward, M.H., Huang, A., Bress, W., Cherala, S., Silverman, D.T., and Cantor, K.P., 2011, Estimating water supply arsenic levels in the New England bladder cancer study: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 119, no. 9, p. 1279-1285, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002345.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1279","endPage":"1285","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474741,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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We modeled vegetation change and the probability of occurrence of birds to project changes in winter bird distributions associated with climate change and fire management in the northern Chihuahuan Desert (southwestern U.S.A.). We simulated vegetation change in a process-based model (Landscape and Fire Simulator) in which anticipated climate change was associated with doubling of current atmospheric carbon dioxide over the next 50 years. We estimated the relative probability of bird occurrence on the basis of statistical models derived from field observations of birds and data on vegetation type, topography, and roads. We selected 3 focal species, Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata), Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus), and Rock Wren (Salpinctes obsoletus), that had a range of probabilities of occurrence for our study area. Our simulations projected increases in relative probability of bird occurrence in shrubland and decreases in grassland and Yucca spp. and ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens) vegetation. Generally, the relative probability of occurrence of all 3 species was highest in shrubland because leaf-area index values were lower in shrubland. This high probability of occurrence likely is related to the species' use of open vegetation for foraging. Fire suppression had little effect on projected vegetation composition because as climate changed there was less fuel and burned area. Our results show that if future water limits on plant type are considered, models that incorporate spatial data may suggest how and where different species of birds may respond to vegetation changes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01684.x","usgsCitation":"White, J., Gutzwiller, K.J., Barrow, W., Johnson-Randall, L., Zygo, L., and Swint, P., 2011, Understanding interaction effects of climate change and fire management on bird distributions through combined process and habitat models: Conservation Biology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 536-546, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01684.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"536","endPage":"546","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert","volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc55e4b08c986b328b83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Joseph D.","contributorId":56077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Joseph D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutzwiller, Kevin J.","contributorId":101923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutzwiller","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrow, Wylie C. 0000-0003-4671-2823 barroww@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":1988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"Wylie C.","email":"barroww@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson-Randall, Lori 0000-0003-0100-994X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0100-994X","contributorId":43604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson-Randall","given":"Lori","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zygo, Lisa","contributorId":9898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zygo","given":"Lisa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swint, Pamela","contributorId":32765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swint","given":"Pamela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70038055,"text":"70038055 - 2011 - Selective uptake and biological consequences of environmentally relevant antidepressant pharmaceutical exposures on male fathead minnows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T18:20:33.233002","indexId":"70038055","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-06T19:43:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selective uptake and biological consequences of environmentally relevant antidepressant pharmaceutical exposures on male fathead minnows","docAbstract":"Antidepressant pharmaceuticals have been reported in wastewater effluent at the nanogram to low microgram-per-liter range, and include bupropion (BUP), fluoxetine (FLX), sertraline (SER), and venlafaxine (VEN). To assess the effects of antidepressants on reproductive anatomy, physiology, and behavior, adult male fathead minnows (Pimeplwles promelas) were exposed for 21 days either to a single concentration of the antidepressants FLX, SER, VEN, or BUP, or to an antidepressant mixture. The data demonstrated that exposure to VEN (305 ng/L and 1104 ng/L) and SER (5.2 ng/L) resulted in mortality. Anatomical alterations were noted within the testes of fish exposed to SER and FLX, both modulators of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Additionally, FLX at 28 ng/L induced vitellogenin in male fish—a common endpoint for estrogenic endocrine disruption. Significant alterations in male secondary sex characteristics were noted with single exposures. Effects of single compound exposures neither carried over, nor became additive in the antidepressant mixtures, and reproductive behavior was not affected. Analysis of brain tissues from the exposed fish suggested increased uptake of FLX, SER and BUP and minimal uptake of VEN when compared to exposure water concentrations. Furthermore, the only metabolite detected consistently in the brain tissues was norfluoxetine. Similar trends of uptake by brain tissue were observed when fish were exposed to antidepressant mixtures. The present study demonstrates that anatomy and physiology, but not reproductive behavior, can be disrupted by exposure to environmental concentrations of some antidepressants. The observation that antidepressant uptake into fish tissues is selective may have consequences on assessing the mode-of-action and effects of these compounds in future studies.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.03.011","usgsCitation":"Schultz, M.M., Painter, M.M., Bartell, S.E., Logue, A., Furlong, E.T., Werner, S.L., and Schoenfuss, H.L., 2011, Selective uptake and biological consequences of environmentally relevant antidepressant pharmaceutical exposures on male fathead minnows: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 104, no. 1-2, p. 38-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.03.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"47","costCenters":[{"id":140,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (National Water Quality Laboratory)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ce2e4b08c986b318197","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schultz, Melissa M.","contributorId":52013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Painter, Meghan M.","contributorId":68145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Meghan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartell, Stephen E.","contributorId":54445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartell","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Logue, Amanda","contributorId":9504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logue","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Werner, Stephen L. slwerner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Stephen","email":"slwerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":463353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schoenfuss, Heiko L.","contributorId":76409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoenfuss","given":"Heiko","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13317,"text":"Saint Cloud State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":463358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70110397,"text":"70110397 - 2011 - Topographic mapping data semantics through data conversion and enhancement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-29T16:31:53.591135","indexId":"70110397","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-05T15:38:24","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"7","title":"Topographic mapping data semantics through data conversion and enhancement","docAbstract":"

This paper presents research on the semantics of topographic data for triples and ontologies to blend the capabilities of the Semantic Web and The National Map of the U.S. Geological Survey. Automated conversion of relational topographic data of several geographic sample areas to the triple data model standard resulted in relatively poor semantic associations. Further research employed vocabularies of feature type and spatial relation terms. A user interface was designed to model the capture of non-standard terms relevant to public users and to map those terms to existing data models of The National Map through the use of ontology. Server access for the study area triple stores was made publicly available, illustrating how the development of linked data may transform institutional policies to open government data resources to the public. This paper presents these data conversion and research techniques that were tested as open linked data concepts leveraged through a user-centered interface and open USGS server access to the public.

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The State's complex geology spans 1.4 billion years of Earth's history. The new map comes 50 years after the most recent map of the State by Charles G. Doll and others in 1961 and a full 150 years since the publication of the first geologic map of Vermont by Edward Hitchcock and others in 1861. At a scale of 1:100,000, the map shows an uncommon level of detail for State geologic maps. Mapped rock units are primarily based on lithology, or rock type, to facilitate derivative studies in multiple disciplines. The 1961 map was compiled from 1:62,500-scale or smaller maps. The current map was created to integrate more detailed (1:12,000- to 1:24,000-scale) modern and older (1:62,500-scale) mapping with the theory of plate tectonics to provide a framework for geologic, tectonic, economic, hydrogeologic, and environmental characterization of the bedrock of Vermont. The printed map consists of three oversize sheets (52 x 76 inches). Sheets 1 and 2 show the southern and northern halves of Vermont, respectively, and can be trimmed and joined so that the entire State can be displayed as a single entity. These sheets also include 10 cross sections and a geologic structure map. Sheet 3 on the front consists of descriptions of 486 map units, a correlation of map units, and references cited. Sheet 3 on the back features a list of the 195 sources of geologic map data keyed to an index map of 7.5-minute quadrangles in Vermont, as well as a table identifying ages of rocks dated by uranium-lead zircon geochronology.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3184","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Vermont, Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, Vermont Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Ratcliffe, N.M., Stanley, R.S., Gale, M.H., Thompson, P.J., and Walsh, G.J., 2011, Bedrock geologic map of Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3184, 3 Sheets: 77.00 x 54.00 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3184.","productDescription":"3 Sheets: 77.00 x 54.00 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological 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contributions by Norman L. Hatch Jr., Douglas W. Rankin, Barry L. Doolan, Jonathan Kim, Charlotte J. Mehrtens, John N. Aleinikoff, and J. Gregory McHone. Cartography by Linda M. Masonic.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f04de4b0c8380cd4a6d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliffe, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7922-5784 nratclif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7922-5784","contributorId":4167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"Nicholas","email":"nratclif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":463570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Rolfe S.","contributorId":62661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Rolfe","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gale, Marjorie H.","contributorId":27586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gale","given":"Marjorie","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Peter J.","contributorId":56523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walsh, Gregory J. 0000-0003-4264-8836 gwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-8836","contributorId":873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Gregory","email":"gwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70038060,"text":"70038060 - 2011 - An adaptive approach to invasive plant management on U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-owned native prairies in the Prairie Pothole Region: decision support under uncertainity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-26T09:22:09","indexId":"70038060","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"An adaptive approach to invasive plant management on U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-owned native prairies in the Prairie Pothole Region: decision support under uncertainity","docAbstract":"Much of the native prairie managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) is extensively invaded by the introduced cool-season grasses smooth brome (Bromus inermis) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis). The central challenge to managers is selecting appropriate management actions in the face of biological and environmental uncertainties. We describe the technical components of a USGS management project, and explain how the components integrate and inform each other, how data feedback from individual cooperators serves to reduce uncertainty across the whole region, and how a successful adaptive management project is coordinated and maintained on a large scale. In partnership with the Service, the U.S. Geological Survey is developing an adaptive decision support framework to assist managers in selecting management actions under uncertainty and maximizing learning from management outcomes. The framework is built around practical constraints faced by refuge managers and includes identification of the management objective and strategies, analysis of uncertainty and construction of competing decision models, monitoring, and mechanisms for model feedback and decision selection. Nineteen Service field stations, spanning four states of the PPR, are participating in the project. They share a common management objective, available management strategies, and biological uncertainties. While the scope is broad, the project interfaces with individual land managers who provide refuge-specific information and receive updated decision guidance that incorporates understanding gained from the collective experience of all cooperators.","largerWorkTitle":"North American Prairie Conference","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gannon, J., Moore, C., Shaffer, T.L., and Flanders-Wanner, B., 2011, An adaptive approach to invasive plant management on U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-owned native prairies in the Prairie Pothole Region: decision support under uncertainity (22), v. 22, 10 p.: 136-145.","productDescription":"10 p.: 136-145","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Pothole Region","volume":"22","edition":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9e1e4b0c8380cd484e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gannon, Jill J.","contributorId":12722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannon","given":"Jill J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Clinton T.","contributorId":9767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Clinton T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, Terry L. 0000-0001-6950-8951 tshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-8951","contributorId":3192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Terry","email":"tshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flanders-Wanner, Bridgette","contributorId":95728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanders-Wanner","given":"Bridgette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037951,"text":"sir20115144 - 2011 - Peak-flow characteristics of Virginia streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T13:18:18","indexId":"sir20115144","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5144","title":"Peak-flow characteristics of Virginia streams","docAbstract":"Peak-flow annual exceedance probabilities, also called probability-percent chance flow estimates, and regional regression equations are provided describing the peak-flow characteristics of Virginia streams. Statistical methods are used to evaluate peak-flow data. Analysis of Virginia peak-flow data collected from 1895 through 2007 is summarized. Methods are provided for estimating unregulated peak flow of gaged and ungaged streams. Station peak-flow characteristics identified by fitting the logarithms of annual peak flows to a Log Pearson Type III frequency distribution yield annual exceedance probabilities of 0.5, 0.4292, 0.2, 0.1, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, and 0.002 for 476 streamgaging stations. Stream basin characteristics computed using spatial data and a geographic information system are used as explanatory variables in regional regression model equations for six physiographic regions to estimate regional annual exceedance probabilities at gaged and ungaged sites. Weighted peak-flow values that combine annual exceedance probabilities computed from gaging station data and from regional regression equations provide improved peak-flow estimates. Text, figures, and lists are provided summarizing selected peak-flow sites, delineated physiographic regions, peak-flow estimates, basin characteristics, regional regression model equations, error estimates, definitions, data sources, and candidate regression model equations. This study supersedes previous studies of peak flows in Virginia.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115144","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Austin, S.H., Krstolic, J.L., and Wiegand, U., 2011, Peak-flow characteristics of Virginia streams: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5144, iv, 106 p.; Tables 1-6; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115144.","productDescription":"iv, 106 p.; Tables 1-6; Appendices","temporalStart":"1895-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":598,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey, Richmond, VA","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5144.gif"},{"id":254424,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5144/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.61666666666666,36.516666666666666 ], [ -83.61666666666666,39.61666666666667 ], [ -75.21666666666667,39.61666666666667 ], [ -75.21666666666667,36.516666666666666 ], [ -83.61666666666666,36.516666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7613e4b0c8380cd77eea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Samuel H. 0000-0001-5626-023X saustin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-023X","contributorId":153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Samuel","email":"saustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krstolic, Jennifer L. 0000-0003-2253-9886 jkrstoli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2253-9886","contributorId":3677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krstolic","given":"Jennifer","email":"jkrstoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiegand, Ute","contributorId":76412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiegand","given":"Ute","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037857,"text":"70037857 - 2011 - Comparison of two parametric methods to estimate pesticide mass loads in California's Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T12:41:13","indexId":"70037857","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-25T15:07:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of two parametric methods to estimate pesticide mass loads in California's Central Valley","docAbstract":"Mass loadings were calculated for four pesticides in two watersheds with different land uses in the Central Valley, California, by using two parametric models: (1) the Seasonal Wave model (SeaWave), in which a pulse signal is used to describe the annual cycle of pesticide occurrence in a stream, and (2) the Sine Wave model, in which first-order Fourier series sine and cosine terms are used to simulate seasonal mass loading patterns. The models were applied to data collected during water years 1997 through 2005. The pesticides modeled were carbaryl, diazinon, metolachlor, and molinate. Results from the two models show that the ability to capture seasonal variations in pesticide concentrations was affected by pesticide use patterns and the methods by which pesticides are transported to streams. Estimated seasonal loads compared well with results from previous studies for both models. Loads estimated by the two models did not differ significantly from each other, with the exceptions of carbaryl and molinate during the precipitation season, where loads were affected by application patterns and rainfall. However, in watersheds with variable and intermittent pesticide applications, the SeaWave model is more suitable for use on the basis of its robust capability of describing seasonal variation of pesticide concentrations.","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Middleburg, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00506.x","usgsCitation":"Saleh, D.K., Lorenz, D.L., and Domagalski, J.L., 2011, Comparison of two parametric methods to estimate pesticide mass loads in California's Central Valley: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 2, p. 254-264, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00506.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"11","temporalStart":"1996-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8bae4b0c8380cd4d263","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saleh, Dina K. 0000-0002-1406-9303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-9303","contributorId":24737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saleh","given":"Dina","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16706,"text":"California State University, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, David L. 0000-0003-3392-4034 lorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-4034","contributorId":1384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"David","email":"lorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70009691,"text":"70009691 - 2011 - Sudden clearing of estuarine waters upon crossing the threshold from transport to supply regulation of sediment transport as an erodible sediment pool is depleted: San Francisco Bay, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T13:30:30","indexId":"70009691","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-18T16:14:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sudden clearing of estuarine waters upon crossing the threshold from transport to supply regulation of sediment transport as an erodible sediment pool is depleted: San Francisco Bay, 1999","docAbstract":"The quantity of suspended sediment in an estuary is regulated either by transport, where energy or time needed to suspend sediment is limiting, or by supply, where the quantity of erodible sediment is limiting. This paper presents a hypothesis that suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) in estuaries can suddenly decrease when the threshold from transport to supply regulation is crossed as an erodible sediment pool is depleted. This study was motivated by a statistically significant 36% step decrease in SSC in San Francisco Bay from water years 1991–1998 to 1999–2007. A quantitative conceptual model of an estuary with an erodible sediment pool and transport or supply regulation of sediment transport is developed. Model results confirm that, if the regulation threshold was crossed in 1999, SSC would decrease rapidly after water year 1999 as observed. Estuaries with a similar history of a depositional sediment pulse followed by erosion may experience sudden clearing.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s12237-011-9382-x","usgsCitation":"Schoellhamer, D., 2011, Sudden clearing of estuarine waters upon crossing the threshold from transport to supply regulation of sediment transport as an erodible sediment pool is depleted: San Francisco Bay, 1999: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 34, no. 5, p. 885-899, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-011-9382-x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"885","endPage":"899","temporalStart":"1999-01-01","temporalEnd":"1999-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","volume":"34","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9dade4b08c986b31d9cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037767,"text":"70037767 - 2011 - Statistical models of temperature in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta under climate-change scenarios and ecological implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T12:41:24","indexId":"70037767","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-18T15:49:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Statistical models of temperature in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta under climate-change scenarios and ecological implications","docAbstract":"Changes in water temperatures caused by climate change in California's Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta will affect the ecosystem through physiological rates of fishes and invertebrates. This study presents statistical models that can be used to forecast water temperature within the Delta as a response to atmospheric conditions. The daily average model performed well (R2 values greater than 0.93 during verification periods) for all stations within the Delta and San Francisco Bay provided there was at least 1 year of calibration data. To provide long-term projections of Delta water temperature, we forced the model with downscaled data from climate scenarios. Based on these projections, the ecological implications for the delta smelt, a key species, were assessed based on temperature thresholds. The model forecasts increases in the number of days above temperatures causing high mortality (especially along the Sacramento River) and a shift in thermal conditions for spawning to earlier in the year.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s12237-010-9369-z","usgsCitation":"Wagner, R.W., Stacey, M., Brown, L.R., and Dettinger, M., 2011, Statistical models of temperature in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta under climate-change scenarios and ecological implications: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 34, no. 3, p. 544-556, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9369-z.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"544","endPage":"556","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474750,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9369-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Delta;San Joaquin Delta","volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9736e4b08c986b31b954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, R. Wayne","contributorId":40339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stacey, Mark T.","contributorId":94531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stacey","given":"Mark T.","affiliations":[{"id":12776,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, Mike 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Mike","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037781,"text":"70037781 - 2011 - Source and delivery of nutrients to receiving waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-11T22:23:43","indexId":"70037781","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source and delivery of nutrients to receiving waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States","docAbstract":"This study investigates nutrient sources and transport to receiving waters, in order to provide spatially detailed information to aid water-resources managers concerned with eutrophication and nutrient management strategies. SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) nutrient models were developed for the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic (NE US) regions of the United States to represent source conditions for the year 2002. The model developed to examine the source and delivery of nitrogen to the estuaries of nine large rivers along the NE US Seaboard indicated that agricultural sources contribute the largest percentage (37%) of the total nitrogen load delivered to the estuaries. Point sources account for 28% while atmospheric deposition accounts for 20%. A second SPARROW model was used to examine the sources and delivery of phosphorus to lakes and reservoirs throughout the NE US. The greatest attenuation of phosphorus occurred in lakes that were large relative to the size of their watershed. Model results show that, within the NE US, aquatic decay of nutrients is quite limited on an annual basis and that we especially cannot rely on natural attenuation to remove nutrients within the larger rivers nor within lakes with large watersheds relative to the size of the lake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Middleburg, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x","usgsCitation":"Moore, R.B., Johnston, C.M., Smith, R.A., and Milstead, B., 2011, Source and delivery of nutrients to receiving waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 965-990, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"965","endPage":"990","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474752,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":246823,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b931be4b08c986b31a2c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Richard B. rmoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":1464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Richard","email":"rmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, Criag M.","contributorId":68148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Criag","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Richard A. 0000-0003-2117-2269 rsmith1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-2269","contributorId":580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rsmith1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milstead, Bryan","contributorId":102723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milstead","given":"Bryan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70009657,"text":"pp1786 - 2011 - Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the upper Pleistocene Chemehuevi Formation along the lower Colorado River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-21T15:54:02","indexId":"pp1786","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1786","title":"Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the upper Pleistocene Chemehuevi Formation along the lower Colorado River","docAbstract":"The Chemehuevi Formation forms a conspicuous, widespread, and correlative set of nonmarine sediments lining the valleys of the Colorado River and several of its larger tributaries in the Basin and Range geologic province. These sediments have been examined by geologists since J. S. Newberry visited the region in 1857 and are widely cited in the geologic literature; however their origin remains unresolved and their stratigraphic context has been confused by inconsistent nomenclature and by conflicting interpretations of their origin. This is one of the most prominent stratigraphic units along the river below the Grand Canyon, and the formation records an important event or set of events in the history of the Colorado River. Here we summarize what is known about these deposits throughout their range, present new stratigraphic, sedimentologic, topographic, and tephrochronologic data, and formally define them as a lithostratigraphic unit. The Chemehuevi Formation consists primarily of a bluff-forming mud facies, consisting of gypsum-bearing, horizontally bedded sand, silt, and clay, and a slope-forming sand facies containing poorly bedded, well sorted, quartz rich sand and scattered gravel. The sedimentary characteristics and fossil assemblages of the two facies types suggest that they were deposited in flood plain and channel environments, respectively. In addition to these two primary facies, we identify three other mappable facies in the formation: a thick-bedded rhythmite facies, now drowned by Lake Mead; a valley-margin facies containing abundant locally derived sediment; and several tributary facies consisting of mixed fluvial and lacustrine deposits in the lower parts of major tributary valleys. Observations from the subsurface and at outcrops near the elevation of the modern flood plain suggest that the formation also contains a regional basal gravel member. Surveys of numerous outcrops using high-precision GPS demonstrate that although the sand facies commonly overlies the mud facies where the two are found together, contacts between the two occur over a range in elevation, and as a consequence, the sand and mud facies are similarly distributed both horizontally and vertically throughout the valley. Collectively, the outcrops of the formation lie below a smooth elevation envelope that slopes 50 percent more steeply than the historic (pre-Hoover Dam) valley, from nearly 150 m above the historic flood plain near the mouth of the Grand Canyon to less than 30 m above the flood plain at the head of the flood plain near Yuma, Arizona. The steepness of the valley at the peak of aggradation probably represents a depositional slope. Layers of fine grained volcanic tephra have been found below and within the Chemehuevi Formation at five widely separated sites, one of which is now submerged beneath Lake Mead. Major element geochemistry of glass shards from the four accessible tephra sites were analyzed. Three of the sampled tephra layers are interbedded within the Chemehuevi Formation, and a fourth tephra conformably underlies the formation. The three interbedded tephra layers are similar enough to one another that they are probably from the same eruptive unit, hereafter referred to as the Monkey Rock tephra bed. The other sample, which locally underlies the formation, is similar enough to the Monkey Rock tephra bed to suggest it is from the same volcanic source area; however, it may not be from the same eruption, and thus may not be the same age. On the basis of the stratigraphic contexts of chemically similar tephra layers found elsewhere in the Basin and Range, we suspect that the source area is the Mammoth Mountain dome complex in Long Valley, east-central California. Two samples of proximal Mammoth Mountain pumice were analyzed and produced geochemical signatures similar to all four of the Chemehuevi Formation tephra, supporting Mammoth Mountain as a possible source area. The Mammoth Mountain volcanic center produced eruptions between about 111±2 and 57±2 ka and was most active in the later part of this time interval, during Marine Oxygen Isotope (MOI) stage 4 (between 74 and 59 ka ago). Chemically similar tephra in cores from Owens Lake and Walker Lake are approximately 70 and 74 ky old, based on age models of those cores. Other lines of stratigraphic evidence from nine tephra-containing sections in the Basin and Range are also consistent with an age assignment for the Monkey Rock tephra of ~72 ky, near the beginning of MOI stage 4. We propose to designate the Chemehuevi Formation as a formal lithostratigraphic unit, and propose as the type section a well exposed outcrop near the ranger station at Katherine Landing, Arizona, in the Lake Mead National Recreation Area. This exposure shows the two dominant facies, an example of one of the four known tephra layers, and interbedded lenses of locally derived gravel. In the type section, as in many of the other examples of the formation, the sand facies overlies the mud facies on a conspicuous, abrupt erosional surface; however, nearby is a contiguous section demonstrating that the mud and sand facies interfinger. In addition to the type section, measured reference sections compiled here illustrate other important lithologic and stratigraphic features of the formation. Our preferred interpretation of the Chemehuevi Formation is that it contains the remnants of deposits formed during a single major episode of fluvial aggradation, during which the Colorado River filled its valley with a great volume of dominantly sand-size sediment. This would reflect an increase in the supply of sand-size sediment, and(or) a reduction in transport capacity below the mouth of Grand Canyon. The most likely cause for the aggradation is an extraordinary increase in sand supply, likely due to widespread climatic change. However, other explanations have not been ruled out. Other aggradation events predated the Chemehuevi Formation, and some smaller events may have postdated the formation. However, the Chemehuevi Formation contains the remnants of the most recent large magnitude (>100 m) aggradation of the Colorado River.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1786","usgsCitation":"Malmon, D.V., Howard, K.A., House, P.K., Lundstrom, S.C., Pearthree, P.A., Sarna-Wojcicki, A.M., Wan, E., and Wahl, D.B., 2011, Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the upper Pleistocene Chemehuevi Formation along the lower Colorado River: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1786, v, 69; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1786.","productDescription":"v, 69; Appendices","startPage":"i","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":671,"text":"Western Region Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1786.gif"},{"id":204841,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1786/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada;Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Chemehuevi Formation;Colorado River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b998ae4b08c986b31c4a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malmon, Daniel V.","contributorId":89998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malmon","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, Keith A. 0000-0002-6462-2947 khoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-2947","contributorId":3439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Keith","email":"khoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"House, P. Kyle","contributorId":60374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kyle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lundstrom, Scott C. 0000-0003-4149-2219 sclundst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-2219","contributorId":2446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"Scott","email":"sclundst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pearthree, Philip A.","contributorId":17363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearthree","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M. 0000-0002-0244-9149 asarna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-9149","contributorId":1046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarna-Wojcicki","given":"Andrei","email":"asarna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wan, Elmira 0000-0002-9255-112X ewan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-112X","contributorId":3434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Elmira","email":"ewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wahl, David B. 0000-0002-0451-3554 dwahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3554","contributorId":3433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"dwahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70005575,"text":"70005575 - 2011 - Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T22:26:50.746887","indexId":"70005575","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-28T09:03:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance","docAbstract":"

Understanding how events during one period of the annual cycle carry over to affect survival and other fitness components in other periods is essential to understanding migratory bird demography and conservation needs. Previous research has suggested that western Atlantic red knot (Calidris canutus rufa) populations are greatly affected by horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) egg availability at Delaware Bay stopover sites during their spring northward migration. We present a mass‐based multistate, capture‐recapture/resighting model linking (1) red knot stopover mass gain to horseshoe crab spawning abundance and (2) subsequent apparent annual survival to mass state at the time of departure from the Delaware Bay stopover area. The model and analysis use capture‐recapture/resighting data with over 16,000 individual captures and 13,000 resightings collected in Delaware Bay over a 12 year period from 1997–2008, and the results are used to evaluate the central management hypothesis that red knot populations can be influenced by horseshoe crab harvest regulations as part of a larger adaptive management effort. Model selection statistics showed support for a positive relationship between horseshoe crab spawning abundance during the stopover and the probability of red knots gaining mass (parameter coefficient from the top model b̂ = 1.71, \"inline = 0.46). Our analyses also supported the link between red knot mass and apparent annual survival, although average estimates for the two mass classes differed only slightly. The addition of arctic snow depth as a covariate influencing apparent survival improved the fit of the data to the models (parameter coefficient from the top model b̂ = 0.50, \"inline = 0.08). Our results indicate that managing horseshoe crab resources in the Delaware Bay has the potential to improve red knot population status.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES11-00106.1","usgsCitation":"McGowan, C., Hines, J., Nichols, J., Lyons, J., Smith, D., Kalasz, K.S., Niles, L.J., Dey, A.D., Clark, N.A., Atkinson, P.W., Minton, C.D., and Kendall, W., 2011, Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance: Ecosphere, v. 2, no. 6, 69, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00106.1.","productDescription":"69, 22 p.","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es11-00106.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.091552734375,\n 38.74123075381228\n ],\n [\n -74.8553466796875,\n 39.16839998800286\n ],\n [\n -75.069580078125,\n 39.26203141523749\n ],\n [\n -75.4925537109375,\n 39.49556336059472\n ],\n [\n -75.5145263671875,\n 39.66914219401813\n ],\n [\n -75.640869140625,\n 39.6606850221923\n ],\n [\n -75.59692382812499,\n 39.51675478434244\n ],\n [\n -75.60791015625,\n 39.42770738465604\n ],\n [\n -75.43212890625,\n 39.26628442213066\n ],\n [\n -75.4046630859375,\n 39.049052206453524\n ],\n [\n -75.2838134765625,\n 38.831149809348744\n ],\n [\n -75.091552734375,\n 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jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, James E.","contributorId":35461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, David 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":1989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kalasz, Kevin S.","contributorId":29129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalasz","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Niles, Lawrence J.","contributorId":25289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niles","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dey, Amanda D.","contributorId":61957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dey","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Clark, Nigel A.","contributorId":82456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Nigel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Atkinson, Philip W.","contributorId":63163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Minton, Clive D.T.","contributorId":101383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minton","given":"Clive","email":"","middleInitial":"D.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kendall, William","contributorId":76883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ]}