{"pageNumber":"728","pageRowStart":"18175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46677,"records":[{"id":98327,"text":"sir20095266 - 2010 - Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the central-eastside San Joaquin Basin, 2006: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-30T20:14:13.008933","indexId":"sir20095266","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5266","title":"Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the central-eastside San Joaquin Basin, 2006: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater quality in the approximately 1,695-square-mile Central Eastside San Joaquin Basin (Central Eastside) study unit was investigated as part of the Priority Basin Project (PBP) of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The GAMA PBP was developed in response to the California Groundwater Quality Monitoring Act of 2001, and is being conducted by the California State Water Resources Control Board in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The GAMA Central Eastside study unit was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of untreated-groundwater quality, as well as a statistically consistent basis for comparing water quality throughout California. During March through June 2006, samples were collected from 78 wells in Stanislaus and Merced Counties, 58 of which were selected using a spatially distributed, randomized grid-based method to provide statistical representation of the study unit (grid wells), and 20 of which were sampled to evaluate changes in water chemistry along groundwater-flow paths (understanding wells). Water-quality data from the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database also were used for the assessment.</p><p>An assessment of the current status of the groundwater quality included collecting samples from wells for analysis of anthropogenic constituents such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and pesticides, as well as naturally occurring constituents such as major ions and trace elements. The assessment of status is intended to characterize the quality of untreated-groundwater resources within the primary aquifer system, not the treated drinking water delivered to consumers by water purveyors. The primary aquifer system (hereinafter, primary aquifer) is defined as that part of the aquifer corresponding to the perforation interval of wells listed in the CDPH database for the Central Eastside study unit. The quality of groundwater in shallower or deeper water-bearing zones may differ from that in the primary aquifer; shallower groundwater may be more vulnerable to surficial contamination. The primary aquifer is represented by the grid wells, of which 90 percent had depths to the tops of their perforations of about 80 to 330 feet and depths to bottom of about 100 to 670 feet. Relative-concentrations (sample concentration divided by benchmark concentration) were used as the primary metric for assessing the status of water quality for those constituents that have Federal and (or) California human health or aesthetic benchmarks. A relative-concentration greater than (&gt;) 1.0 indicates a concentration above a benchmark, and less than or equal to (≤) 1.0 indicates a concentration equal to or below a benchmark. For organic and special interest constituents, relative-concentrations were classified as high (&gt;1.0), moderate (≤1.0 and &gt;0.1), or low (≤0.1). For inorganic constituents, relative-concentrations were classified as high (&gt;1.0), moderate (≤1.0 and &gt;0.5), or low (≤0.5). The threshold between low and moderate classifications was lower for organic and special interest constituents than for inorganic constituents because organic constituents generally are less prevalent and have smaller relative-concentrations than inorganic constituents.</p><p>Grid-based and spatially-weighted approaches, the latter incorporating data from all CDPH wells, were used to evaluate the proportion of the primary aquifer (aquifer-scale proportions) with high, moderate, or low relative-concentrations. For individual constituents or classes of constituents, the aquifer-scale high proportion is the percentage of the area of the study unit having high relative-concentrations within the depth-zones of the primary aquifer. Aquifer-scale moderate and low proportions are defined similarly. Spatially-weighted aquifer-scale high proportions nearly always fell within the 90-percent confidence interval of grid-based aquifer-scale high proportions, indicating that the grid-based approach yielded statistically equivalent results to the spatially-weighted approach incorporating CDPH data.</p><p>The status assessment for inorganic constituents showed that inorganic constituents (one or more) were high, relative to human-health benchmarks, in 18.0 percent of the primary aquifer, moderate in 44.0 percent, and low in 38.0 percent. Of inorganic constituents with human-health benchmarks, arsenic, vanadium, and nitrate were detected at high relative-concentrations in 15.6 percent, 3.6 percent, and 2.1 percent, respectively, of the primary aquifer. Of inorganic constituents with secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCL), manganese, iron, and TDS were detected at high relative-concentrations in 4.5 percent, 2.2 percent, and 1.7 percent, respectively, of the primary aquifer.</p><p>The status assessment for organic constituents showed that organic constituents (one or more) were high, relative to human-health benchmarks, in a smaller proportion of the primary aquifer (1.2 percent) than inorganic constituents (18.0 percent). Organic constituents had moderate relative-concentrations in 14.3 percent, and had low relative-concentrations or were not detected in 84.5 percent, of the primary aquifer. The proportion of the primary aquifer with high relative-concentrations of organic constituents reflected high proportions of the discontinued soil fumigant 1,2-dibromo-3-chlororopane (DBCP; 1.0 percent) and the solvent tetrachloroethene (PCE; 0.2 percent). Most of the organic and special interest constituents detected in groundwater in the Central Eastside study unit have human-health benchmarks. Of the 205 organic and special interest constituents analyzed for, 36 constituents were detected. Of these constituents, 32 were detected only at low relative-concentrations. Four constituents, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, DBCP, and perchlorate, were detected at moderate relative-concentrations in grid wells. Nine organic and special-interest constituents were detected frequently (detected in greater than 10 percent of samples): the trihalomethanes chloroform, bromoform, bromodichloromethane, and dibromochloromethane; the solvent PCE; the herbicides atrazine, simazine, and metolachlor, and special-interest constituent perchlorate.</p><p>An assessment of understanding of the groundwater quality included sampling of understanding wells, some of which were perforated in shallower or deeper portions of the aquifer system than the primary aquifer, and analysis of correlations of groundwater quality with land use, depth, age classification, and other potential explanatory factors.</p><p>The understanding assessment indicated that the concentrations of many constituents were related to depth and groundwater age. However, concentrations of individual constituents or constituent classes also were sometimes related to geochemical conditions, lateral position in the flow system, or land use.</p><p>High and moderate relative-concentrations of uranium, nitrate, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were detected in some wells where the tops of perforations are within the upper 200 feet of the aquifer system. In wells with the depth to the top of perforations below this depth, concentrations were low. A similar pattern occurred for the sum of herbicide concentrations. These vertical water-chemistry patterns are consistent with the hydrogeologic setting, in which return flows from agricultural and urban land use are the major source of recharge, and withdrawals for irrigation and urban supply are the major source of discharge, resulting in substantial vertical components of groundwater flow.</p><p>The decrease in concentrations of many constituents with depth reflects in part that groundwater gets older with depth. Tritium, helium-isotopes, and carbon-14 data were used to classify the predominant age of groundwater samples into three categories: modern (water that has entered the aquifer in the last 50 years), pre-modern (water that entered the aquifer more than 50 years, up to tens of thousands of years, ago), and mixed (mixtures of waters with modern and pre-modern ages). Uranium, nitrate, and herbicide concentrations were significantly higher in groundwater having modern- and mixed-ages than pre-modern ages, indicating that these constituents may be affected by anthropogenic activities in the last 50 years.</p><p>Other patterns in the distribution of nitrate, uranium, and TDS are evident. Isotopic and geochemical data are consistent with partial denitrification of nitrate in some reducing groundwaters in the western and deeper parts of the flow system. Uranium and TDS concentrations increase from east to west across the valley, along the direction of regional lateral groundwater flow.</p><p>High and moderate relative-concentrations of arsenic can be attributed to reductive dissolution of manganese or iron oxides, or to desorption by high pH waters. Arsenic concentrations also increased with increasing depth and groundwater age. High to moderate relative-concentrations of vanadium primarily are related to high pH under oxic conditions.</p><p>The frequency of detections of DBCP was greater in areas with orchard-vineyard land use &gt;40 percent and at depths &lt;200 feet. THMs and solvents were correlated positively with percent urban land use. Herbicide concentrations were correlated negatively with percent natural land use. Perchlorate concentrations were significantly greater in waters having modern and mixed ages than waters having pre-modern ages and were significantly and positively correlated with two land uses—percent orchard/vineyard land use and percent urban land use.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095266","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Landon, M.K., Belitz, K., Jurgens, B., Kulongoski, J., and Johnson, T., 2010, Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the central-eastside San Joaquin Basin, 2006: California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5266, xii, 97 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095266.","productDescription":"xii, 97 p.","numberOfPages":"113","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":13576,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5266/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":463447,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92511.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125892,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5266.jpg"},{"id":339724,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5266/pdf/sir20095266.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic","country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.41666666666667,37 ], [ -121.41666666666667,38 ], [ -119,38 ], [ -119,37 ], [ -121.41666666666667,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0eb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landon, Matthew K. 0000-0002-5766-0494 landon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"Matthew","email":"landon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jurgens, Bryant C. 0000-0002-1572-113X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X","contributorId":22454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jurgens","given":"Bryant C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kulongoski, Justin T. 0000-0002-3498-4154","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-4154","contributorId":59909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulongoski","given":"Justin T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Tyler D. 0000-0002-7334-9188","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-9188","contributorId":64366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Tyler D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":98323,"text":"ofr20101060 - 2010 - U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center-Fiscal Year 2009 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:42","indexId":"ofr20101060","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1060","title":"U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center-Fiscal Year 2009 Annual Report","docAbstract":"The Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center is a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) facility focused on providing science and imagery to better understand our Earth. As part of the USGS Geography Discipline, EROS contributes to the Land Remote Sensing (LRS) Program, the Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) Program, and the National Geospatial Program (NGP), as well as our Federal partners and cooperators. The work of the Center is shaped by the Earth sciences, the missions of our stakeholders, and implemented through strong program and project management and application of state-of-the-art information technologies. Fundamentally, EROS contributes to the understanding of a changing Earth through 'research to operations' activities that include developing, implementing, and operating remote sensing based terrestrial monitoring capabilities needed to address interdisciplinary science and applications objectives at all levels-both nationally and internationally.\r\n\r\nThe Center's programs and projects continually strive to meet and/or exceed the changing needs of the USGS, the Department of the Interior, our Nation, and international constituents. The Center's multidisciplinary staff uses their unique expertise in remote sensing science and technologies to conduct basic and applied research, data acquisition, systems engineering, information access and management, and archive preservation to address the Nation's most critical needs. Of particular note is the role of EROS as the primary provider of Landsat data, the longest comprehensive global land Earth observation record ever collected.\r\n\r\nThis report is intended to provide an overview of the scientific and engineering achievements and illustrate the range and scope of the activities and accomplishments at EROS throughout fiscal year (FY) 2009. Additional information concerning the scientific, engineering, and operational achievements can be obtained from the scientific papers and other documents published by EROS staff.\r\n\r\nWe welcome comments and follow-up questions on any aspect of this Annual Report and invite any of our customers or partners to contact us at their convenience. To communicate with us, or for more information about EROS, contact: Communications and Outreach, USGS EROS Center, 47914 252nd Street, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57198, jsnelson@usgs.gov, http://eros.usgs.gov/.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101060","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.S., 2010, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center-Fiscal Year 2009 Annual Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1060, xv, 83 p.  , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101060.","productDescription":"xv, 83 p.  ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1060.jpg"},{"id":13572,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1060/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db69624a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Janice S. jsnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Janice","email":"jsnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":304993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98316,"text":"sir20105002 - 2010 - Estimated Withdrawals and Use of Water in Colorado, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:52","indexId":"sir20105002","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5002","title":"Estimated Withdrawals and Use of Water in Colorado, 2005","docAbstract":"The future health and economic welfare of the people and environment of Colorado depend on a continuous supply of fresh water. Detailed, comprehensive information on the use of water from Colorado's diverse surface-water and groundwater resources is important to water managers and planners by providing information they need to quantify current stresses and estimate and plan for future water needs. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Water Use Information Program (NWUIP), Statewide water withdrawal and water-use data have been collected or estimated and summarized in this report by county and by four-digit hydrologic unit code for the following seven water-use categories: irrigation (crop and golf course), public supply, self-supplied domestic, self-supplied industrial, livestock, mining, and thermoelectric power generation. A summary for instream water use for hydroelectric power generation also is included. This report is published in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board.\r\n\r\nIn 2005, an estimated 13,581.22 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) was withdrawn from groundwater and surface-water sources in Colorado for the seven water-use categories. Withdrawals from surface water represented about 11,035 Mgal/d, or 81.3 percent of the total, whereas withdrawals from groundwater sources represented an estimated 2,546 Mgal/d or 18.7 percent of the total. Irrigation (combined crop and golf course) totaled 12,362.49 Mgal/d or 91 percent of the total water withdrawals in the State of Colorado. Crop irrigation accounted for 99.7 percent (12,321.85 Mgal/d) of the irrigation, whereas the 243 turf golf courses in Colorado accounted for 0.3 percent (40.64 Mgal/d) of the total irrigation water withdrawals. Total withdrawals for the other water-use categories were public supply, 864.17 Mgal/d; self-supplied domestic, 34.43 Mgal/d; self-supplied industrial, 142.44 Mgal/d; livestock, 33.06 Mgal/d; mining, 21.42 Mgal/d (includes both fresh and saline water); and thermoelectric, 123.21 Mgal/d. The counties with the largest total withdrawals (greater than 500 Mgal/d) were Mesa, Weld, Rio Grande, Montrose, Gunnison, and Saguache. Counties with the smallest total withdrawals (less than 5 Mgal/d) were Clear Creek, Gilpin, and San Juan. Four-digit hydrologic unit codes with the greatest withdrawals were 1019 (South Platte River Basin), 1301 (Rio Grande Basin), and 1102 (Arkansas River Basin); the high withdrawal rates were driven by crop irrigation withdrawals. Total instream water use for hydroelectric power generation was 5,253.60 Mgal/d.\r\n\r\nGroundwater withdrawals were estimated for 2004 for the bedrock and overlying alluvial aquifers in the Denver Basin for irrigation, public supply, commercial/industrial, household use only, and domestic/livestock water-use categories. Withdrawals were estimated for input into the USGS Denver Basin model by using the equations in the Senate Bill 96-074 groundwater model. The greatest withdrawals were for public supply. The smallest withdrawals were for household-use-only wells. Douglas County had the greatest groundwater withdrawals (183.98 Mgal/d), whereas Broomfield County had the smallest (3.09 Mgal/d). Of the seven Denver Basin aquifers, the Lower Arapahoe aquifer had the greatest total estimated withdrawals (287.11 Mgal/d), with Douglas County having the greatest public-supply withdrawal of any county (95.29 Mgal/d) from this aquifer. The Upper Dawson aquifer was the least used of the Denver Basin aquifers, based on estimated withdrawals of 17.64 Mgal/d.\r\n\r\nAs part of the Colorado Statewide Water Supply Initiative (SWSI), forecasts of future water demand were made based on information such as population, climate, and then-current (2000) water-use information and did not include the effects of future water conservation. Categories compared between estimates in the SWSI baseline forecasted water demand and the USGS water-use compilation were limited to county population and w","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board","usgsCitation":"Ivahnenko, T., and Flynn, J.L., 2010, Estimated Withdrawals and Use of Water in Colorado, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5002, v, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105002.","productDescription":"v, 61 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5002.jpg"},{"id":13566,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5002/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109,37 ], [ -109,41 ], [ -102,41 ], [ -102,37 ], [ -109,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a269","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivahnenko, Tamara 0000-0002-1124-7688 ivahnenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1124-7688","contributorId":93524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivahnenko","given":"Tamara","email":"ivahnenk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flynn, Jennifer L.","contributorId":66298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98319,"text":"ofr20101054 - 2010 - Assessment of soil-gas, surface-water, and soil contamination at the Installation Railhead, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2008-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-08T10:48:46","indexId":"ofr20101054","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1054","title":"Assessment of soil-gas, surface-water, and soil contamination at the Installation Railhead, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2008-2009","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon, assessed soil gas, surface water, and soil for contaminants at the Installation Railhead (IR) at Fort Gordon, Georgia, from October 2008 to September 2009. The assessment included delineation of organic contaminants present in soil-gas samples beneath the IR, and in a surface-water sample collected from an unnamed tributary to Marcum Branch in the western part of the IR. Inorganic contaminants were determined in a surface-water sample and in soil samples. This assessment was conducted to provide environmental contamination data to Fort Gordon personnel pursuant to requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Part B Hazardous Waste Permit process. \r\n\r\nSoil-gas samples collected within a localized area on the western part of the IR contained total petroleum hydrocarbons; benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylenes (referred to as BTEX); and naphthalene above the method detection level. These soil-gas samples were collected where buildings had previously stood. Soil-gas samples collected within a localized area contained perchloroethylene (PCE). These samples were collected where buildings 2410 and 2405 had been. Chloroform and toluene were detected in a surface-water sample collected from an unnamed tributary to Marcum Branch but at concentrations below the National Primary Drinking Water Standard maximum contaminant level (MCL) for each compound. Iron was detected in the surface-water sample at 686 micrograms per liter (ug/L) and exceeded the National Secondary Drinking Water Standard MCL for iron. Metal concentrations in composite soil samples collected at three locations from land surface to a depth of 6 inches did not exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regional Screening Levels for industrial soil.\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J., Harrelson, L.G., Ratliff, W.H., and Wellborn, J.B., 2010, Assessment of soil-gas, surface-water, and soil contamination at the Installation Railhead, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2008-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1054, vi, 22 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101054.","productDescription":"vi, 22 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1054.jpg"},{"id":13569,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1054/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.36666666666666,32.266666666666666 ], [ -82.36666666666666,32.5 ], [ -82.11666666666666,32.5 ], [ -82.11666666666666,32.266666666666666 ], [ -82.36666666666666,32.266666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671cd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landmeyer, James 0000-0002-5640-3816 jlandmey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-3816","contributorId":3257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"James","email":"jlandmey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrelson, Larry G.","contributorId":70059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrelson","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ratliff, W. Hagan","contributorId":60347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratliff","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Hagan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wellborn, John B.","contributorId":24822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellborn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98318,"text":"ofr20101062 - 2010 - The transition of benthic nutrient sources after planned levee breaches adjacent to upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-09T11:37:36","indexId":"ofr20101062","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1062","title":"The transition of benthic nutrient sources after planned levee breaches adjacent to upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon","docAbstract":"Four sampling trips were coordinated after planned levee breaches that hydrologically reconnected both Upper Klamath Lake and Agency Lake, Oregon, to adjacent wetlands. Sets of nonmetallic pore-water profilers were deployed during these trips in November 2007, June 2008, May 2009, and July 2009. Deployments temporally spanned the annual cyanophyte bloom of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) and spatially involved three lake and four wetland sites. Profilers, typically deployed in triplicate at each lake or wetland site, provided high-resolution (centimeter-scale) estimates of the vertical concentration gradients for diffusive-flux determinations. Estimates based on molecular diffusion may underestimate benthic flux because solute transport across the sediment-water interface can be enhanced by processes including bioturbation, bioirrigation and groundwater advection. Water-column and benthic samples were also collected to help interpret spatial and temporal trends in diffusive-flux estimates. Data from these samples complement taxonomic and geochemical analyses of bottom-sediments taken from Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) in prior studies. \r\n\r\nThis ongoing study provides information necessary for developing process-interdependent solute-transport models for the watershed (that is, models integrating physical, geochemical, and biological processes) and supports efforts to evaluate remediation or load-allocation strategies. To augment studies funded by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR), the Department of the Interior supported an additional full deployment of pore-water profilers in November 2007 and July 2009, immediately following the levee breaches and after the crash of the annual summer AFA bloom. \r\n\r\nAs observed consistently since 2006, benthic flux of 0.2-micron filtered, soluble reactive phosphorus (that is, biologically available phosphorus, primarily as orthophosphate; SRP) was consistently positive (that is, out of the sediment into the overlying water column) and ranged from a negligible value (-0.19?0.91 milligrams per square meter per day; mg m-2 d-1) within wetlands of the Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge to 74?48 mg m-2 d-1 at the newly restored wetland site removed from the levee breach (TNC1); both observed in May 2009 before the annual AFA bloom. When areally averaged (13 km2 for the newly restored wetlands), an SRP flux to the overlying water column is determined of approximately 87,000 kilograms (kg) over the 3-month AFA bloom season that exceeds the magnitude of riverine inputs (42,000 kg for the season). Elevated SRP benthic flux at TNC1 relative to all other lake and wetland sites (including TNC2 near the breached levee) in 2009 suggests that the restored wetlands, at least chemically, remain in a transition period after engineered blasts on October 30, 2007, restored hydrologic connectivity between lake and wetland environments. As reported in previous lake studies, ammonium fluxes to the water column were consistently positive, with the exception of two measurements at the restored wetland sites (TNC1 and TNC2) immediately following the levee breaches in November 2007. The flux of ammonia, particularly at elevated pH in the overlying water column, has toxicological implications for endangered fish populations in both lake and wetland environments. For dissolved nitrate, with the exception of a single positive flux measurement at TNC1 in June 2008 (0.16?0.02 mg m-2 d-1), consistently negative (consumed by the sediment) or undetectable nitrate-flux values were observed (-21?12 mg m-2 d-1 to undetectable fluxes due to concentrations for dissolved nitrate <0.03 milligrams per liter (mg L-1) in both porewaters and overlying waters near the sediment-water interface). Such negative fluxes for dissolved nitrate are typical of microbial transformations, such as dinitrification (dissimilatory nitrate reduction), that benthically consume nitrate from the water column. The diffusive-flux measurements reported herei","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101062","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation\r\n","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J.S., Topping, B.R., Carter, J.L., Parchaso, F., Cameron, J.M., Asbill, J.R., Fend, S.V., Duff, J.H., and Engelstad, A., 2010, The transition of benthic nutrient sources after planned levee breaches adjacent to upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1062, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101062.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":340,"text":"Hydrologic Research and Development Program","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1062.jpg"},{"id":13568,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1062/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.2,42.2 ], [ -122.2,42.7 ], [ -121.585,42.7 ], [ -121.585,42.2 ], [ -122.2,42.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db67366a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, James S. 0000-0003-2502-1601 kuwabara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-1601","contributorId":3374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"James","email":"kuwabara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topping, Brent R. 0000-0002-7887-4221 btopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-4221","contributorId":1484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"Brent","email":"btopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, James L. 0000-0002-0104-9776 jlcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-9776","contributorId":3278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"James","email":"jlcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parchaso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":173016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parchaso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cameron, Jason M.","contributorId":71289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cameron","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Asbill, Jessica R.","contributorId":39896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asbill","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fend, Steven V. 0000-0002-4638-6602 svfend@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-6602","contributorId":3591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fend","given":"Steven","email":"svfend@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Duff, John H. jhduff@usgs.gov","contributorId":961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duff","given":"John","email":"jhduff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Engelstad, Anita C. 0000-0002-0211-4189","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0211-4189","contributorId":24884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engelstad","given":"Anita C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":304983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":98312,"text":"fs20103018 - 2010 - Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-13T10:22:20","indexId":"fs20103018","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3018","title":"Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS)","docAbstract":"In 1990, the U.S. Congress enacted the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) in response to growing awareness of a land loss crisis in Louisiana. Projects funded by CWPPRA require monitoring and evaluation of project effectiveness, and there is also a need to assess the cumulative effects of all projects to achieve a sustainable coastal environment. \r\n\r\nIn 2003, the Louisiana Office of Coastal Protection and Restoration (OCPR) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) received approval from the CWPPRA Task Force to implement the Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) as a mechanism to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of CWPPRA projects at the project, region, and coastwide levels. The CRMS design implements a multiple reference approach by using aspects of hydrogeomorphic functional assessments and probabilistic sampling.\r\n\r\nThe CRMS program is as dynamic as the coastal habitats it monitors. The program is currently funded through CWPPRA and provides data for a variety of user groups, including resource managers, academics, landowners, and researchers.\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103018","usgsCitation":"Steyer, G.D., 2010, Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3018, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103018.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3018.jpg"},{"id":13565,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3018/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.71337890625,\n              28.844673680771795\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.79150390625,\n              28.844673680771795\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.79150390625,\n              31.240985378021307\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.71337890625,\n              31.240985378021307\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.71337890625,\n              28.844673680771795\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd51c6e4b0b290850f418c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steyer, Gregory D. 0000-0001-7231-0110 steyerg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-0110","contributorId":2856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyer","given":"Gregory","email":"steyerg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98309,"text":"fs20103020 - 2010 - Studies of Climate Change in the Yukon River Basin: Connecting Community and Science Through a Unique Partnership","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:52","indexId":"fs20103020","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3020","title":"Studies of Climate Change in the Yukon River Basin: Connecting Community and Science Through a Unique Partnership","docAbstract":"An exciting new partnership between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council (YRITWC) is yielding critical data for the assessment of climate change effects in the Yukon River Basin. The foundation of this partnership is a shared interest in the current and future water quality of the Yukon River and its relation to climate. The USGS began a landmark study of the Yukon River and its major tributaries in 2000. A key objective of this study is to establish a baseline dataset of water quality, which will serve as an important frame of reference to assess future changes in the basin that may result from a warmer climate. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103020","collaboration":"In cooperation with the the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council","usgsCitation":"Schuster, P.F., and Maracle, K.B., 2010, Studies of Climate Change in the Yukon River Basin: Connecting Community and Science Through a Unique Partnership: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3020, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103020.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3020.gif"},{"id":13562,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3020/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 159,51 ], [ 159,68 ], [ -109,68 ], [ -109,51 ], [ 159,51 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a2af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maracle, Karonhiakta’tie Byran","contributorId":41930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maracle","given":"Karonhiakta’tie","email":"","middleInitial":"Byran","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98310,"text":"ofr20101026 - 2010 - National GAP Conference 2007-Discussion Groups Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:45","indexId":"ofr20101026","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1026","title":"National GAP Conference 2007-Discussion Groups Report","docAbstract":"We led two discussion groups during the 2007 National GAP Conference. These discussion groups provided information to help develop a survey of National Gap Analysis Program (GAP) data users. One group discussed technical issues, and the second group discussed the use of GAP data for decisionmaking. Themes emerging from the technical issues group included concerns about data quality, need for information on how to use data, and passive data distribution. The decisionmaking discussion included a wide range of topics including the need to understand presentation of information, the need to connect with and understand users of data, the revision of GAP's mission, and the adaptability of products and data. The decisionmaking group also raised concerns regarding technical issues. One conclusion is that a deep commitment to ongoing information transfer and support is a key component of success for the GAP program.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101026","usgsCitation":"Ratz, J., and Lamb, B.L., 2010, National GAP Conference 2007-Discussion Groups Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1026, iii, 8 p., Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101026.","productDescription":"iii, 8 p., Appendix","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1026.jpg"},{"id":13563,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1026/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratz, Joan M.","contributorId":22739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratz","given":"Joan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamb, Berton Lee","contributorId":96784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"Berton","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98308,"text":"ofr20101067 - 2010 - Documentation for initial seismic hazard maps for Haiti","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-11T07:38:28","indexId":"ofr20101067","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1067","title":"Documentation for initial seismic hazard maps for Haiti","docAbstract":"In response to the urgent need for earthquake-hazard information after the tragic disaster caused by the moment magnitude (M) 7.0 January 12, 2010, earthquake, we have constructed initial probabilistic seismic hazard maps for Haiti. These maps are based on the current information we have on fault slip rates and historical and instrumental seismicity. These initial maps will be revised and improved as more data become available. In the short term, more extensive logic trees will be developed to better capture the uncertainty in key parameters. In the longer term, we will incorporate new information on fault parameters and previous large earthquakes obtained from geologic fieldwork. These seismic hazard maps are important for the management of the current crisis and the development of building codes and standards for the rebuilding effort.\r\n\r\nThe boundary between the Caribbean and North American Plates in the Hispaniola region is a complex zone of deformation. The highly oblique ~20 mm/yr convergence between the two plates (DeMets and others, 2000) is partitioned between subduction zones off of the northern and southeastern coasts of Hispaniola and strike-slip faults that transect the northern and southern portions of the island. There are also thrust faults within the island that reflect the compressional component of motion caused by the geometry of the plate boundary.\r\n\r\nWe follow the general methodology developed for the 1996 U.S. national seismic hazard maps and also as implemented in the 2002 and 2008 updates. This procedure consists of adding the seismic hazard calculated from crustal faults, subduction zones, and spatially smoothed seismicity for shallow earthquakes and Wadati-Benioff-zone earthquakes. Each one of these source classes will be described below. The lack of information on faults in Haiti requires many assumptions to be made. These assumptions will need to be revisited and reevaluated as more fieldwork and research are accomplished.\r\n\r\nWe made two sets of maps using different assumptions about site conditions. One set of maps is for a firm-rock site condition (30-m averaged shear-wave velocity, Vs30, of 760 m/s). We also developed hazard maps that contain site amplification based on a grid of Vs30 values estimated from topographic slope. These maps take into account amplification from soils.\r\n\r\nWe stress that these new maps are designed to quantify the hazard for Haiti; they do not consider all the sources of earthquake hazard that affect the Dominican Republic and therefore should not be considered as complete hazard maps for eastern Hispaniola. For example, we have not included hazard from earthquakes in the Mona Passage nor from large earthquakes on the subduction zone interface north of Puerto Rico. Furthermore, they do not capture all the earthquake hazards for eastern Cuba.\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101067","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A., Harmsen, S., Mueller, C., Calais, E., and Haase, J., 2010, Documentation for initial seismic hazard maps for Haiti: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1067, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101067.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":235,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program - Northern California","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1067.jpg"},{"id":13561,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1067/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75,16 ], [ -75,21 ], [ -68,21 ], [ -68,16 ], [ -75,16 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db636513","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, Arthur","contributorId":103761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harmsen, Stephen","contributorId":95977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmsen","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mueller, Charles","contributorId":57178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Calais, Eric","contributorId":98838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calais","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haase, Jennifer","contributorId":55932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haase","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":98307,"text":"ofr20101013 - 2010 - Geophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California: Summary of fieldwork and data analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-08T18:14:32.956745","indexId":"ofr20101013","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1013","displayTitle":"Geophysical Investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California: Summary of Fieldwork and Data Analysis","title":"Geophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California: Summary of fieldwork and data analysis","docAbstract":"Geophysical field investigations have been carried out at the Hidden Dam in Raymond, California for the purpose of better understanding the hydrogeology and seepage-related conditions at the site. Known seepage areas on the northwest right abutment area of the downstream side of the dam are documented by Cedergren. Subsequent to the 1980 seepage study, a drainage blanket with a subdrain system was installed to mitigate downstream seepage. Flow net analysis provided by Cedergren suggests that the primary seepage mechanism involves flow through the dam foundation due to normal reservoir pool elevations, which results in upflow that intersects the ground surface in several areas on the downstream side of the dam. In addition to the reservoir pool elevations and downstream surface topography, flow is also controlled by the existing foundation geology as well as the presence or absence of a horizontal drain within the downstream portion of the dam. \r\n\r\nThe purpose of the current geophysical work is to (1) identify present-day seepage areas that may not be evident due to the effectiveness of the drainage blanket in redirecting seepage water, and (2) provide information about subsurface geologic structures that may control subsurface flow and seepage. These tasks are accomplished through the use of two complementary electrical geophysical methods, self-potentials (SP) and direct-current (DC) electrical resistivity, which have been commonly utilized in dam-seepage studies. SP is a passive method that is primarily sensitive to active subsurface groundwater flow and seepage, whereas DC resistivity is an active-source method that is sensitive to changes in subsurface lithology and groundwater saturation.\r\n\r\nThe focus of this field campaign was on the downstream area on the right abutment, or northwest side of the dam, as this is the main area of interest regarding seepage. Two exploratory self-potential lines were also collected on the downstream left abutment of the dam to identify potential seepage in that area. This report is primarily a summary of the field geophysical data acquisition, with some preliminary results and interpretation. Further work will involve a more rigorous analysis of the geophysical datasets and an examination of a large dataset of historical observations of water levels in a number of observation wells and piezometers compared with reservoir elevation. In addition, a partially saturated flow model will be developed to better understand seepage patterns given the available information about dam construction, geophysical results, and data from installed observation wells and piezometers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101013","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., Burton, B., Ikard, S., and Powers, M.H., 2010, Geophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California: Summary of fieldwork and data analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1013, viii, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101013.","productDescription":"viii, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1013.jpg"},{"id":403281,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92494.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":13559,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1013/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Madera County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.8997,\n              37.1061\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.8764,\n              37.1061\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.8764,\n              37.1225\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.8997,\n              37.1225\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.8997,\n              37.1061\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8bf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":1341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany L.","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":304962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ikard, Scott","contributorId":14779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikard","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powers, Michael H. 0000-0002-4480-7856 mhpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-7856","contributorId":851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Michael","email":"mhpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70236359,"text":"70236359 - 2010 - Ferromanganese crusts as archives of deep water Cd isotope compositions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-02T19:58:38.3022","indexId":"70236359","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T14:49:32","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ferromanganese crusts as archives of deep water Cd isotope compositions","docAbstract":"<p>The geochemistry of Cd in seawater has attracted significant attention owing to the nutrient-like properties of this element. Recent culturing studies have demonstrated that Cd is a biologically important trace metal that plays a role in the sequestration of inorganic carbon. This conclusion is supported by recent isotope data for Cd dissolved in seawater and incorporated in cultured phytoplankton. These results show that plankton features isotopically light Cd while Cd-depleted surface waters typically exhibit complimentary heavy Cd isotope compositions. Seawater samples from below 900 m depth display a uniform and intermediate isotope composition of ε<sup>114/110</sup>Cd = +3.3 ± 0.5. This study investigates whether ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts are robust archives of deep water Cd isotope compositions. To this end, Cd isotope data were obtained for the recent growth surfaces of 15 Fe-Mn crusts from the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Southern oceans and two USGS Fe-Mn reference nodules using double spike multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The Fe-Mn crusts yield a mean ε<sup>114/110</sup>Cd of +3.2 ± 0.4 (2 SE,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 14). Data for all but one of the samples are identical, within the analytical uncertainty of ±1.1ε<sup>114/110</sup>Cd (2 SD), to the mean deep water Cd isotope value. This indicates that Fe-Mn crusts record seawater Cd isotope compositions without significant isotope fractionation. A single sample from the Southern Ocean exhibits a light Cd isotope composition of ε<sup>114/110</sup>Cd = 0.2 ± 1.1. The origin of this signature is unclear, but it may reflect variations in deep water Cd isotope compositions related to differences in surface water Cd utilization or long-term changes in seawater ε<sup>114/110</sup>Cd. The results suggest that time series analyses of Fe-Mn crusts may be utilized to study changes in marine Cd utilization.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2009GC002987","usgsCitation":"Horner, T.J., Schonbachler, M., Rehkämper, M., Nielsen, S., Williams, H., Halliday, A.N., Xue, Z.G., and Hein, J.R., 2010, Ferromanganese crusts as archives of deep water Cd isotope compositions: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 11, no. 4, Q04001, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GC002987.","productDescription":"Q04001, 10 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"11","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horner, T. J.","contributorId":296144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horner","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7115,"text":"Imperial College of London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schonbachler, M.","contributorId":296145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schonbachler","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7115,"text":"Imperial College of London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rehkämper, M.","contributorId":296146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rehkämper","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7115,"text":"Imperial College of London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nielsen, S.G.","contributorId":49171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, H.","contributorId":51486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Halliday, A. N.","contributorId":87663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halliday","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Xue, Z. George","contributorId":347342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xue","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hein, James R. 0000-0002-5321-899X jhein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":140835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70236414,"text":"70236414 - 2010 - Reply to “Comment on ‘Is There a Basis for Preferring Characteristic Earthquakes over a Gutenberg–Richter Distribution in Probabilistic Earthquake Forecasting?’ by Tom Parsons and Eric L. Geist” by Jens-Uwe Klügel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-06T15:58:18.301012","indexId":"70236414","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T10:49:51","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to “Comment on ‘Is There a Basis for Preferring Characteristic Earthquakes over a Gutenberg–Richter Distribution in Probabilistic Earthquake Forecasting?’ by Tom Parsons and Eric L. Geist” by Jens-Uwe Klügel","docAbstract":"<p>The focus of Parsons and Geist (2009) was to test whether the key observational data used in earthquake forecasting necessitate a characteristic earthquake rupture model. The point of our article was not to suggest that a specific form of the Gutenberg–Richter earthquake distribution is a perfect representation of reality. The uncertainties surrounding event slip estimates, paleoseismic event rates, and observed a and b values in catalog magnitude–frequency distributions are broad. So broad, in fact, that giving full weight to just one model of earthquake rupture behavior in formal forecasting is unjustified. Further, the characteristic earthquake model requires definition of rupture segments, which introduces a series of unquantifiable uncertainties that are seldom addressed in forecasts (e.g., Field et al., 2009).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120090327","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T.E., and Geist, E.L., 2010, Reply to “Comment on ‘Is There a Basis for Preferring Characteristic Earthquakes over a Gutenberg–Richter Distribution in Probabilistic Earthquake Forecasting?’ by Tom Parsons and Eric L. Geist” by Jens-Uwe Klügel: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 100, no. 2, p. 898-899, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090327.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"898","endPage":"899","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70236411,"text":"70236411 - 2010 - Organic petrology of subbituminous carbonaceous shale samples from Chalāw, Kabul Province, Afghanistan: Considerations for paleoenvironment and energy resource potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-06T15:50:59.255381","indexId":"70236411","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T10:29:30","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic petrology of subbituminous carbonaceous shale samples from Chalāw, Kabul Province, Afghanistan: Considerations for paleoenvironment and energy resource potential","docAbstract":"<p>Neogene (?) subbituminous carbonaceous shale deposits from Chalāw, Afghanistan, were investigated through organic petrology techniques and standard coal analyses to determine paleoenvironment and potential for resource utilization. The Chalāw deposit, approximately 30 km southeast of Kabul, currently is exploited for brick making and domestic heating and cooking. Three multiple-bench channel samples of the mined bed at Chalāw were collected and evaluated. The presence of significant huminite (ranging from 0.2 to 59.0 vol.%, mineral-inclusive basis) is suggestive of a terrestrial lignin-rich precursor plant material. Measured reflectance values of 0.38–0.55% indicate subbituminous rank. This rank suggests burial depths of approximately 1500 m and maximum temperatures of approximately 50 °C. Structured liptinite macerals generally are absent except for some fluorescing morphologies interpreted to be poorly-preserved root cork suberinite. Sponge spicule bioliths including gemmoscleres and megascleres are common. These petrographic observations, in addition to high mineral matter content (33 to &gt; 95 vol.%), medium to high sulfur content (2.1–11.5 wt.%, dry basis; db), and the presence of common gastropod? shell fragments and an aragonite-needle chalk bed are consistent with, but not directly indicative of, a marginal marine or estuarine mangrove depositional environment. However, additional data are necessary to confirm this hypothesis and deposition in a freshwater environment cannot be ruled out at this time.</p><p>Commercial-scale development and utilization of the Chalāw deposit as a thermal fuel resource may be possible using a fluidized bed combustion system which could accept the low-quality mine product currently produced. Samples examined herein contain high-ash yield (45–90 wt.%, db), high total moisture content (17–39 wt.%), low calorific value (980–6860 Btu/lb, m,mmf), and have poor agglomerating properties (FSI = 0), consistent with fuels utilized in fluidized bed combustors. However, delineation of the extent of the deposit through field investigation will be necessary to make a quantified resource estimate for mine planning.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2009.12.007","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., Sanfilipo, J., Azizi, G.P., Davis, P.A., and Starratt, S.W., 2010, Organic petrology of subbituminous carbonaceous shale samples from Chalāw, Kabul Province, Afghanistan: Considerations for paleoenvironment and energy resource potential: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 81, no. 4, p. 269-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2009.12.007.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"280","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406236,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Afghanistan","county":"Kabul Province","otherGeospatial":"Chalāw","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              69.27257537841797,\n              34.39529531980665\n            ],\n            [\n              69.46586608886719,\n              34.39529531980665\n            ],\n            [\n              69.46586608886719,\n              34.486749937679335\n            ],\n            [\n              69.27257537841797,\n              34.486749937679335\n            ],\n            [\n              69.27257537841797,\n              34.39529531980665\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanfilipo, John 0000-0002-8739-5628 jsan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-5628","contributorId":140236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanfilipo","given":"John","email":"jsan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Azizi, Gul Pacha","contributorId":21013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Azizi","given":"Gul","email":"","middleInitial":"Pacha","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":850922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Starratt, Scott W. 0000-0001-9405-1746 sstarrat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-1746","contributorId":2891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starratt","given":"Scott","email":"sstarrat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70169302,"text":"70169302 - 2010 - Habitat selection and abundance of young-of-year smallmouth bass in north temperate lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-24T11:37:26","indexId":"70169302","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat selection and abundance of young-of-year smallmouth bass in north temperate lakes","docAbstract":"<div class=\"paragraph\">Habitat use during early life history plays an important role in the ecology of smallmouth bass&nbsp;<i>Micropterus dolomieu</i>&nbsp;in north temperate lakes. The highest levels of mortality occur during the first year of life, and the habitat selected probably affects mortality. We used resource selection functions and abundance data from two northern Wisconsin lakes to determine the habitats that influence the survival of smallmouth bass. Coarse substrates were consistently important to both nesting locations and young-of-year smallmouth bass. Young smallmouth bass used woody structure after swimming from their nests but disassociated themselves from habitats with more complex woody structure by August. Nonwoody cobble areas offer protection for young-of-year smallmouth bass without attracting predators, as woody habitats do. The decline in the abundance of young-of-year smallmouth bass was best fit to an exponential decay function in woody habitats, but in rock habitats it was linear. Habitat selection by young-of-year smallmouth bass shifts over time, and the shift is linked to predation risk: woody habitats initially offer them an advantage with respect to spawning but eventually provide their predators greater opportunities for ambush. This shift underscores the importance of having a diversity of littoral habitats. This study provides the first quantifiable analyses describing the habitat features selected by young-of-year smallmouth bass and links these descriptions to population dynamics.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T09-049.1","usgsCitation":"Brown, P.J., and Bozek, M.A., 2010, Habitat selection and abundance of young-of-year smallmouth bass in north temperate lakes: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 139, no. 4, p. 1247-1260, https://doi.org/10.1577/T09-049.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1247","endPage":"1260","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-016820","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Big Crooked Lake, Yawkey Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.50967407226562,\n              48.356249029540706\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.50967407226562,\n              48.539341045937974\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.18969726562499,\n              48.539341045937974\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.18969726562499,\n              48.356249029540706\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.50967407226562,\n              48.356249029540706\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.68242645263672,\n              46.13036330589103\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.68242645263672,\n              46.150107913663334\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.65873718261719,\n              46.150107913663334\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.65873718261719,\n              46.13036330589103\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.68242645263672,\n              46.13036330589103\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.73096370697021,\n              45.77300107536654\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.73096370697021,\n              45.78153149170592\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.71843242645264,\n              45.78153149170592\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.71843242645264,\n              45.77300107536654\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.73096370697021,\n              45.77300107536654\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"139","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fc9e4b0f59b85e1eb64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Peter James","contributorId":117610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bozek, Michael A.","contributorId":51030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bozek","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70179293,"text":"70179293 - 2010 - Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV IVb) risk factors and association measures derived by expert panel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-27T14:16:26","indexId":"70179293","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3117,"text":"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV IVb) risk factors and association measures derived by expert panel","docAbstract":"<p><span>Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an OIE-listed pathogen of fish, recently expanding in known host and geographic range in North America. Through a group process designed for subjective probability assessment, an international panel of fish health experts identified and weighted risk factors perceived important to the emergence and spread of the viral genotype, VHSV IVb, within and from the Great Lakes region of the US and Canada. Identified factors included the presence of known VHSV-susceptible species, water temperatures conducive for disease, hydrologic connectivity and proximity to known VHSV-positive areas, untested shipments of live or frozen fish from known positive regions, insufficient regulatory infrastructure for fish health oversight, and uncontrolled exposure to fomites associated with boat and equipment or fish wastes from known VHSV-positive areas. Results provide qualitative insights for use in VHSV surveillance and risk-management planning, and quantitative estimates of contextual risk for use in a Bayesian model combining multiple evidence streams for joint probability assessment of disease freedom status. Consistency checks suggest that the compiled factors positively reflect expert judgment of watershed risk for acquiring VHSV IVb. External validation is recommended as the availability of empirical data permits.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.11.020","usgsCitation":"VHSV Expert Panel And Working Group, 2010, Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV IVb) risk factors and association measures derived by expert panel: Preventive Veterinary Medicine, p. 128-139, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.11.020.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"128","endPage":"139","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332563,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58638bd4e4b0cd2dabe7beb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VHSV Expert Panel And Working Group","contributorId":177686,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"VHSV Expert Panel And Working Group","id":656672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70174871,"text":"70174871 - 2010 - Measuring bulrush culm relationships to estimate plant biomass within a southern California treatment wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T10:08:50","indexId":"70174871","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measuring bulrush culm relationships to estimate plant biomass within a southern California treatment wetland","docAbstract":"<p><span>Assessment of emergent vegetation biomass can be time consuming and labor intensive. To establish a less onerous, yet accurate method, for determining emergent plant biomass than by direct measurements we collected vegetation data over a six-year period and modeled biomass using easily obtained variables: culm (stem) diameter, culm height and culm density. From 1998 through 2005, we collected emergent vegetation samples (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Schoenoplectus californicus</i><span>&nbsp;and</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Schoenoplectus acutus</i><span>) at a constructed treatment wetland in San Jacinto, California during spring and fall. Various statistical models were run on the data to determine the strongest relationships. We found that the nonlinear relationship:&nbsp;</span><span id=\"IEq1\" class=\"InlineEquation\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;&amp;#x03B2;&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;&amp;#x03B2;&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mn&gt;10&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;&amp;#x03B5;&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><i><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"mi\">C</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mi\">B</span></i><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mo\">=</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"texatom\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"msubsup\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"mi\">&beta;</span></span><sub><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mn\">0</span></span></sub></span></span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"mi\">D</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-12\" class=\"texatom\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-13\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-14\" class=\"msubsup\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-15\" class=\"mi\">H</span></span><sup><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-16\" class=\"texatom\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-17\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-18\" class=\"texatom\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-19\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-20\" class=\"msubsup\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-21\" class=\"mi\">&beta;</span></span><sub><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-22\" class=\"mn\">1</span></span></sub></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-23\" class=\"texatom\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-24\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-25\" class=\"msubsup\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-26\" class=\"mn\">10</span></span><sup><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-27\" class=\"mi\">&epsilon;</span></span></sup></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>, where&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">CB</i><span>&nbsp;was dry culm biomass (g&nbsp;m</span><sup><span>&minus;2</span></sup><span>),&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">DH</i><span>&nbsp;was density of culms &times; average height of culms in a plot, and &beta;</span><sub><span>0</span></sub><span>&nbsp;and &beta;</span><sub><span>1</span></sub><span>&nbsp;were parameters to estimate, proved to be the best fit for predicting dried-live above-ground biomass of the two&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Schoenoplectus</i><span>&nbsp;species. The random error distribution, &epsilon;, was either assumed to be normally distributed for mean regression estimates or assumed to be an unspecified continuous distribution for quantile regression estimates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-010-0018-x","usgsCitation":"Daniels, J.S., Cade, B.S., and Sartoris, J.J., 2010, Measuring bulrush culm relationships to estimate plant biomass within a southern California treatment wetland: Wetlands, v. 30, no. 2, p. 231-239, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-010-0018-x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"239","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-014301","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578f4f2ee4b0ad6235cf0028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniels, Joan S.","contributorId":172997,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daniels","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sartoris, James J.","contributorId":98018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sartoris","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187406,"text":"70187406 - 2010 - Stratigraphy and Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic history of northern Sierra Los Ajos and adjacent areas, Sonora, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-02T10:14:08","indexId":"70187406","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2462,"text":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic history of northern Sierra Los Ajos and adjacent areas, Sonora, Mexico","docAbstract":"<p id=\"\">Geologic mapping in the northern Sierra Los Ajos reveals new stratigraphic and structural data relevant to deciphering the Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the range. The northern Sierra Los Ajos is cored by Proterozoic, Cambrian, Devonian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian strata, equivalent respectively to the Pinal Schist, Bolsa Quartzite and Abrigo Limestone, Martin Formation, Escabrosa Limestone, and Horquilla Limestone. The Proterozoic–Paleozoic sequence is mantled by Upper Cretaceous rocks partly equivalent to the Fort Crittenden and Salero Formations in Arizona, and the Cabullona Group in Sonora, Mexico.</p><p id=\"\">Absence of the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Bisbee Group below the Upper Cretaceous rocks and above the Proterozoic–Paleozoic rocks indicates that the Sierra Los Ajos was part of the Cananea high, a topographic highland during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Deposition of Upper Cretaceous rocks directly on Paleozoic and Proterozoic rocks indicates that the Sierra Los Ajos area had subsided as part of the Laramide Cabullona basin during Late Cretaceous time. Basal beds of the Upper Cretaceous sequence are clast-supported conglomerate composed locally of basement (Paleozoic) clasts. The conglomerate represents erosion of Paleozoic basement in the Sierra Los Ajos area coincident with development of the Cabullona basin.</p><p id=\"\">The present-day Sierra Los Ajos reaches elevations of greater than 2600&nbsp;m, and was uplifted during Tertiary basin-and-range extension. Upper Cretaceous rocks are exposed at higher elevations in the northern Sierra Los Ajos and represent an uplifted part of the inverted Cabullona basin. Tertiary uplift of the Sierra Los Ajos was largely accommodated by vertical movement along the north-to-northwest-striking Sierra Los Ajos fault zone flanking the west side of the range. This fault zone structurally controls the configuration of the headwaters of the San Pedro River basin, an important bi-national water resource in the US-Mexico border region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2009.11.008","usgsCitation":"Page, W.R., Gray, F., Iriondo, A., Miggins, D., Blodgett, R., Maldonado, F., and Miller, R.J., 2010, Stratigraphy and Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic history of northern Sierra Los Ajos and adjacent areas, Sonora, Mexico: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 29, no. 3, p. 557-571, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2009.11.008.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"571","ipdsId":"IP-008999","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":" Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Los Ajos","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.0771713256836,\n              30.831792684645617\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.79564666748047,\n              30.831792684645617\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.79564666748047,\n              31.04322747959135\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.0771713256836,\n              31.04322747959135\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.0771713256836,\n              30.831792684645617\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59099ab2e4b0fc4e4491581e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, William R. 0000-0002-0722-9911 rpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0722-9911","contributorId":1628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"William","email":"rpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, Floyd 0000-0002-0223-8966 fgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-8966","contributorId":603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Floyd","email":"fgray@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iriondo, Alexander","contributorId":23619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iriondo","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miggins, Daniel P.","contributorId":71623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miggins","given":"Daniel P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blodgett, Robert B.","contributorId":89612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maldonado, Florian fmaldona@usgs.gov","contributorId":805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maldonado","given":"Florian","email":"fmaldona@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":693888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miller, Robert J. rjmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":2516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"rjmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70155081,"text":"70155081 - 2010 - Abandoned mine drainage in the Swatara Creek Basin, southern anthracite coalfield, Pennsylvania, USA: 1. stream quality trends coinciding with the return of fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-29T10:43:45","indexId":"70155081","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abandoned mine drainage in the Swatara Creek Basin, southern anthracite coalfield, Pennsylvania, USA: 1. stream quality trends coinciding with the return of fish","docAbstract":"<p>Acidic mine drainage (AMD) from legacy anthracite mines has contaminated Swatara Creek in eastern Pennsylvania. Intermittently collected base-flow data for 1959&ndash;1986 indicate that fish were absent immediately downstream from the mined area where pH ranged from 3.5 to 7.2 and concentrations of sulfate, dissolved iron, and dissolved aluminum were as high as 250, 2.0, and 4.7 mg/L, respectively. However, in the 1990s, fish returned to upper Swatara Creek, coinciding with the implementation of AMD treatment (limestone drains, limestone diversion wells, limestone sand, constructed wetlands) in the watershed. During 1996&ndash;2006, as many as 25 species of fish were identified in the reach downstream from the mined area, with base-flow pH from 5.8 to 7.6 and concentrations of sulfate, dissolved iron, and dissolved aluminum as high as 120, 1.2, and 0.43 mg/L, respectively. Several of the fish taxa are intolerant of pollution and low pH, such as river chub (Nocomis icropogon) and longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae). Cold-water species such as brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and warm-water species such as rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris) varied in predominance depending on stream flow and stream temperature. Storm flow data for 1996&ndash;2007 indicated pH, alkalinity, and sulfate concentrations decreased as the stream flow and associated storm-runoff component increased, whereas iron and other metal concentrations were poorly correlated with stream flow because of hysteresis effects (greater metal concentrations during rising stage than falling stage). Prior to 1999, pH\\5.0 was recorded during several storm events; however, since the implementation of AMD treatments, pH has been maintained near neutral. Flow-adjusted trends for1997&ndash;2006 indicated significant increases in calcium; decreases in hydrogen ion, dissolved aluminum, dissolved and total manganese, and total iron; and no change in sulfate or dissolved iron in Swatara Creek immediately downstream from the mined area. The increased pH and calcium from limestone in treatment systems can be important for mitigating toxic effects of dissolved metals. Thus, treatment of AMD during the 1990s improved pH buffering, reduced metals transport, and helped to decrease metals toxicity to fish.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10230-010-0112-6","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C., Brightbill, R.A., and Langland, M.J., 2010, Abandoned mine drainage in the Swatara Creek Basin, southern anthracite coalfield, Pennsylvania, USA: 1. stream quality trends coinciding with the return of fish: Mine Water and the Environment, v. 29, no. 3, p. 176-199, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-010-0112-6.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"176","endPage":"199","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-005668","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Swatara Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.62757873535156,\n              40.42499671108253\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.62757873535156,\n              40.58162765924269\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.32064819335938,\n              40.58162765924269\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.32064819335938,\n              40.42499671108253\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.62757873535156,\n              40.42499671108253\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b98fb7e4b08f6647be5168","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":138829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles A.","suffix":"III","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brightbill, Robin A. 0000-0003-4683-9656 rabright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-9656","contributorId":618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brightbill","given":"Robin","email":"rabright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langland, Michael J. 0000-0002-8350-8779 langland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-8779","contributorId":2347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langland","given":"Michael","email":"langland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156704,"text":"70156704 - 2010 - Correlation of the Miocene Peach Spring Tuff with the geomagnetic polarity time scale and new constraints on tectonic rotations in the Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-24T13:22:17.707589","indexId":"70156704","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Correlation of the Miocene Peach Spring Tuff with the geomagnetic polarity time scale and new constraints on tectonic rotations in the Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>We report new paleomagnetic results and&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar ages from the Peach Spring Tuff (PST), a key marker bed that occurs in the desert region between Barstow, California, and Peach Springs, Arizona. The&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar ages were determined using individual hand-picked sanidine crystals from ash-flow specimens used in previous paleomagnetic studies at eight sites correlated by mineralogy, stratigraphic position, and magnetic inclination. Site-mean ages, which range from 18.43 Ma to 18.78 Ma with analytical precision (1 s.d.) typically 0.04 Ma, were obtained from areas near Fort Rock, AZ; McCullough Mts, NV; Cima Dome, Parker Dam, Danby, Ludlow, Kane Walsh, and Stoddard Wash, CA. The regional mean age determination is 18.71 ± 0.13 Ma, after the data were selected for sanidine crystals that yielded greater than 90% radiogenic argon (N=40). This age determination is compatible with previous&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar dating of the PST after taking various neutron-flux monitor calibrations into account. We report paleomagnetic results from eight new sites that bear on reconstructions of the Miocene basins associated with the Hector Formation, Barstow Formation, and similar fine-grained sedimentary deposits in the Barstow region. Key findings of the new paleomagnetic study pertain to age control of the Hector Formation and clockwise rotation of the Northeast Mojave Domain. Our study of a rhyolitic ash flow at Baxter Wash, northern Cady Mountains, confirms the correlation of the PST within the Hector Formation and prompts reinterpretation of the previously determined magnetostratigraphy. Our model correlates the PST to the normal-polarity zone just below the C6-C5E boundary (18.748 Ma) of the astronomically tuned Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale. After emplacement of the Peach Spring Tuff at Alvord Mountain and the Cady Mountains, the southern part of the Northeast Mojave Domain (between Cady and Coyote Lake faults) underwent clockwise rotation of 30°–55°. Clockwise rotations increase with distance northward from the Cady fault and may reflect Late Miocene and younger accommodation of right-lateral motion across the Eastern California Shear Zone. The new results also expand the area known to be affected by the Peach Springs eruption, and confirm that a pink ash-flow tuff surrounding Daggett Ridge near Barstow is part of the PST.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Overboard in the Mojave: 20 million years of lakes and wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Overboard in the Mojave: 20 million years of lakes and wetlands","conferenceDate":"April, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Fullerton, CA","language":"English","publisher":"California State University Desert Studies Consortium","usgsCitation":"Hillhouse, J.W., Miller, D., and Turrin, B., 2010, Correlation of the Miocene Peach Spring Tuff with the geomagnetic polarity time scale and new constraints on tectonic rotations in the Mojave Desert, California, <i>in</i> Overboard in the Mojave: 20 million years of lakes and wetlands, Fullerton, CA, April, 2010, p. 105-121.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"121","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-021139","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307553,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307552,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://biology.fullerton.edu/facilities/dsc/school/symposium.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.476806640625,\n              34.016241889667015\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.939697265625,\n              34.016241889667015\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.939697265625,\n              37.53586597792038\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.476806640625,\n              37.53586597792038\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.476806640625,\n              34.016241889667015\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dee32ee4b0518e354e0801","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hillhouse, John W. 0000-0002-1371-4622 jhillhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1371-4622","contributorId":2618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hillhouse","given":"John","email":"jhillhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":570165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":1707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turrin, Brent D.","contributorId":89867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turrin","given":"Brent D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70155086,"text":"70155086 - 2010 - Abandoned mine drainage in the Swatara Creek Basin, southern anthracite coalfield, Pennsylvania, USA: 2. performance of treatment systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-29T11:13:09","indexId":"70155086","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abandoned mine drainage in the Swatara Creek Basin, southern anthracite coalfield, Pennsylvania, USA: 2. performance of treatment systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>A variety of passive and semi-passive treatment systems were constructed by state and local agencies to neutralize acidic mine drainage (AMD) and reduce the transport of dissolved metals in the upper Swatara Creek Basin in the Southern Anthracite Coalfield in eastern Pennsylvania. To evaluate the effectiveness of selected treatment systems installed during 1995&ndash;2001, the US Geological Survey collected water-quality data at upstream and downstream locations relative to each system eight or more times annually for a minimum of 3&nbsp;years at each site during 1996&ndash;2007. Performance was normalized among treatment types by dividing the acid load removed by the size of the treatment system. For the limestone sand, open limestone channel, oxic limestone drain, anoxic limestone drain (ALD), and limestone diversion well treatment systems, the size was indicated by the total mass of limestone; for the aerobic wetland systems, the size was indicated by the total surface area of ponds and wetlands. Additionally, the approximate cost per tonne of acid treated over an assumed service life of 20&nbsp;years was computed. On the basis of these performance metrics, the limestone sand, ALD, oxic limestone drain, and limestone diversion wells had similar ranges of acid-removal efficiency and cost efficiency. However, the open limestone channel had lower removal efficiency and higher cost per ton of acid treated. The wetlands effectively attenuated metals transport but were relatively expensive considering metrics that evaluated acid removal and cost efficiency. Although the water-quality data indicated that all treatments reduced the acidity load from AMD, the ALD was most effective at producing near-neutral pH and attenuating acidity and dissolved metals. The diversion wells were effective at removing acidity and increasing pH of downstream water and exhibited unique potential to treat moderate to high flows associated with storm flow conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10230-010-0113-5","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C., 2010, Abandoned mine drainage in the Swatara Creek Basin, southern anthracite coalfield, Pennsylvania, USA: 2. performance of treatment systems: Mine Water and the Environment, v. 29, no. 3, p. 200-216, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-010-0113-5.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"216","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013771","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305713,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10230-010-0113-5"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Swatara Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.62757873535156,\n              40.42499671108253\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.62757873535156,\n              40.58162765924269\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.32064819335938,\n              40.58162765924269\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.32064819335938,\n              40.42499671108253\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.62757873535156,\n              40.42499671108253\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b98fb9e4b08f6647be516b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":138829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles A.","suffix":"III","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98303,"text":"sir20105037 - 2010 - Comparison of mercury in water, bottom sediment, and zooplankton in two Front Range reservoirs in Colorado, 2008-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T19:07:06.822755","indexId":"sir20105037","displayToPublicDate":"2010-03-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5037","title":"Comparison of mercury in water, bottom sediment, and zooplankton in two Front Range reservoirs in Colorado, 2008-09","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, conducted a study to investigate environmental factors that may contribute to the bioaccumulation of mercury in two Front Range reservoirs. One of the reservoirs, Brush Hollow Reservoir, currently (2009) has a fish-consumption advisory for mercury in walleye (Stizostedion vitreum), and the other, Pueblo Reservoir, which is nearby, does not. Water, bottom sediment, and zooplankton samples were collected during 2008 and 2009, and a sediment-incubation experiment was conducted in 2009. Total mercury concentrations were low in midlake water samples and were not substantially different between the two reservoirs. The only water samples with detectable methylmercury were collected in shallow areas of Brush Hollow Reservoir during spring. Mercury concentrations in reservoir bottom sediments were similar to those reported for stream sediments from unmined basins across the United States. Despite higher concentrations of fish-tissue mercury in Brush Hollow Reservoir, concentrations of methylmercury in sediment were as much as 3 times higher in Pueblo Reservoir. Mercury concentrations in zooplankton were at the low end of concentrations reported for temperate lakes in the Northeastern United States and were similar between sites, which may reflect the seasonal timing of sampling.\r\n\r\nFactors affecting bioaccumulation of mercury were assessed, including mercury sources, water quality, and reservoir characteristics. Atmospheric deposition was determined to be the dominant source of mercury; however, due to the proximity of the reservoirs, atmospheric inputs likely are similar in both study areas. Water-quality constituents commonly associated with elevated concentrations of mercury in fish (pH, alkalinity, sulfate, nutrients, and dissolved organic carbon) did not appear to explain differences in fish-tissue mercury concentrations between the reservoirs. Low methylmercury concentrations in hypolimnetic water indicate low potential for increased methylmercury production following the development of anoxic conditions in summer. Based on the limited dataset, water-level fluctuations and shoreline characteristics appear to best explain differences in fish-tissue mercury concentrations between the reservoirs. Due to the shallow depth and the large annual water-level fluctuations at Brush Hollow Reservoir, proportionally larger areas of shoreline at Brush Hollow Reservoir are subjected to annual reflooding compared to Pueblo Reservoir. Moreover, presence of macrophyte beds and regrowth of terrestrial vegetation likely increase the organic content of near-shore sediments in Brush Hollow Reservoir, which may stimulate methylmercury production in littoral areas subject to reflooding. Results of a laboratory incubation experiment were consistent with this hypothesis.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105037","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment","usgsCitation":"Mast, M.A., and Krabbenhoft, D.P., 2010, Comparison of mercury in water, bottom sediment, and zooplankton in two Front Range reservoirs in Colorado, 2008-09: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5037, v, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105037.","productDescription":"v, 20 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":13556,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5037/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125667,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5037.jpg"},{"id":415453,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92086.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Brush Hollow Reservoir, Pueblo Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.7138386971774,\n              38.31\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.87,\n              38.31\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.87,\n              38.23096140328266\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.7138386971774,\n              38.23096140328266\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.7138386971774,\n              38.31\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.05443310733648,\n              38.4688387646915\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.05443310733648,\n              38.4572817690254\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.04880530185775,\n              38.4572817690254\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.04880530185775,\n              38.4688387646915\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.05443310733648,\n              38.4688387646915\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae433","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98301,"text":"ofr20101061 - 2010 - Revised Subsurface Stratigraphic Framework of the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations, Powder River Basin, Wyoming and Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:51","indexId":"ofr20101061","displayToPublicDate":"2010-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1061","title":"Revised Subsurface Stratigraphic Framework of the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations, Powder River Basin, Wyoming and Montana","docAbstract":"Described in this report is an updated subsurface stratigraphic framework of the Paleocene Fort Union Formation and Eocene Wasatch Formation in the Powder River Basin (PRB) in Wyoming and Montana. This framework is graphically presented in 17 intersecting west-east and north-south cross sections across the basin. Also included are: (1) the dataset and all associated digital files and (2) digital files for all figures and table 1 suitable for large-format printing. The purpose of this U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Open-File Report is to provide rapid dissemination and accessibility of the stratigraphic cross sections and related digital data to USGS customers, especially the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM), to facilitate their modeling of the hydrostratigraphy of the PRB. This report contains a brief summary of the coal-bed correlations and database, and is part of a larger ongoing study that will be available in the near future.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101061","usgsCitation":"Flores, R.M., Spear, B.D., Purchase, P.A., and Gallagher, C.M., 2010, Revised Subsurface Stratigraphic Framework of the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations, Powder River Basin, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1061, iv, 24p., 17 pls., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101061.","productDescription":"iv, 24p., 17 pls.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125541,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1061.jpg"},{"id":13554,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1061/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108,42.833333333333336 ], [ -108,46.833333333333336 ], [ -104,46.833333333333336 ], [ -104,42.833333333333336 ], [ -108,42.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603c67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flores, Romeo M. rflores@usgs.gov","contributorId":71984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"Romeo","email":"rflores@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":304944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spear, Brianne D.","contributorId":15657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Brianne","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Purchase, Peter A.","contributorId":77619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purchase","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gallagher, Craig M.","contributorId":97209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallagher","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98300,"text":"sir20105048 - 2010 - Dissolved-Solids Load in Henrys Fork Upstream from the Confluence with Antelope Wash, Wyoming, Water Years 1970-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:29","indexId":"sir20105048","displayToPublicDate":"2010-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5048","title":"Dissolved-Solids Load in Henrys Fork Upstream from the Confluence with Antelope Wash, Wyoming, Water Years 1970-2009","docAbstract":"Annual dissolved-solids load at the mouth of Henrys Fork was estimated by using data from U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station 09229500, Henrys Fork near Manila, Utah. The annual dissolved-solids load for water years 1970-2009 ranged from 18,300 tons in 1977 to 123,300 tons in 1983. Annual streamflows for this period ranged from 14,100 acre-feet in 1977 to 197,500 acre-feet in 1983. The 25-percent trimmed mean dissolved-solids load for water years 1970-2009 was 44,300 tons per year at Henrys Fork near Manila, Utah.\r\n\r\nPrevious simulations using a SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model for dissolved solids specific to water year 1991 conditions in the Upper Colorado River Basin predicted an annual dissolved-solids load of 25,000 tons for the Henrys Fork Basin upstream from Antelope Wash. On the basis of computed dissolved-solids load data from Henrys Fork near Manila, Utah, together with estimated annual dissolved-solids load from Antelope Wash and Peoples Canal, this prediction was adjusted to 37,200 tons. As determined by simulations with the Upper Colorado River Basin SPARROW model, approximately 56 percent (14,000 tons per year) of the dissolved-solids load at Henrys Fork upstream from Antelope Wash is associated with the 21,500 acres of irrigated agricultural lands in the upper Henrys Fork Basin.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105048","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Foster, K., and Kenney, T.A., 2010, Dissolved-Solids Load in Henrys Fork Upstream from the Confluence with Antelope Wash, Wyoming, Water Years 1970-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5048, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105048.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","temporalStart":"1970-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":684,"text":"Wyoming Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5048.jpg"},{"id":13553,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5048/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.46666666666667,40.8 ], [ -110.46666666666667,41.18333333333333 ], [ -109.63333333333334,41.18333333333333 ], [ -109.63333333333334,40.8 ], [ -110.46666666666667,40.8 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a23a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Katharine","contributorId":38664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Katharine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kenney, Terry A. 0000-0003-4477-7295 tkenney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4477-7295","contributorId":447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenney","given":"Terry","email":"tkenney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":304941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98293,"text":"sim3114 - 2010 - Logs and Geologic Data from a Paleoseismic Investigation of the Susitna Glacier fault, Central Alaska Range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:53","indexId":"sim3114","displayToPublicDate":"2010-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3114","title":"Logs and Geologic Data from a Paleoseismic Investigation of the Susitna Glacier fault, Central Alaska Range, Alaska","docAbstract":"This report contains field and laboratory data from a paleoseismic study of the Susitna Glacier fault, Alaska. The initial M 7.2 subevent of the November 3, 2002, M 7.9 Denali fault earthquake sequence produced a 48-km-long set of complex fault scarps, folds, and aligned landslides on the previously unknown, north-dipping Susitna Glacier thrust fault along the southern margin of the Alaska Range in central Alaska. Most of the 2002 folds and fault scarps are 1-3 m high, implying dip-slip thrust offsets (assuming a near-surface fault dip of approximately 20 degrees)of 3-5 m. Locally, some of the 2002 ruptures were superimposed on preexisting scarps that have as much as 5-10 m of vertical separation and are evidence of previous surface-rupturing earthquakes on the Susitna Glacier fault. In 2003-2005, we focused follow-up studies on several of the large scarps at the 'Wet fan' site in the central part of the 2002 rupture to determine the pre-2002 history of large surface-rupturing earthquakes on the fault. We chose this site for several reasons: (1) the presence of pre-2002 thrust- and normal-fault scarps on a gently sloping, post-glacial alluvial fan; (2) nearby natural exposures of underlying fan sediments revealed fine-grained fluvial silts with peat layers and volcanic ash beds useful for chronological control; and (3) a lack of permafrost to a depth of more than 1 m. Our studies included detailed mapping, fault-scarp profiling, and logging of three hand-excavated trenches. We were forced to restrict our excavations to 1- to 2-m-high splay faults and folds because the primary 2002 ruptures mostly were superimposed on such large scarps that it was impossible to hand dig through the hanging wall to expose the fault plane. Additional complications are the pervasive effects of cryogenic processes (mainly solifluction) that can mask or mimic tectonic deformation.\r\n\r\nThe purpose of this report is to present photomosaics, trench logs, scarp profiles, and fault slip, radiocarbon, tephrochronologic, and unit description data obtained during this investigation. We do not attempt to use the data presented herein to construct a paleoseismic history of the Susitna Glacier fault; that history will be the subject of a future report. When completed, our results will be used to compare the Susitna Glacier fault paleoseismic record with results of similar studies on the nearby Denali fault to determine if the simultaneous rupture of these two faults during the 2002 Denali fault earthquake sequence is typical or atypical of their long-term interaction.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3114","usgsCitation":"Personius, S.F., Crone, A.J., Burns, P.A., Beget, J.E., Seitz, G., and Bemis, S.P., 2010, Logs and Geologic Data from a Paleoseismic Investigation of the Susitna Glacier fault, Central Alaska Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3114, sheet (80 x 36 inches); sheet (64 x 36 inches), https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3114.","productDescription":"sheet (80 x 36 inches); sheet (64 x 36 inches)","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3114.jpg"},{"id":13546,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3114/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147.76666666666668,63.333333333333336 ], [ -147.76666666666668,63.6 ], [ -146.75,63.6 ], [ -146.75,63.333333333333336 ], [ -147.76666666666668,63.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63c5c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":304922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crone, Anthony J. 0000-0002-3006-406X crone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-406X","contributorId":790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"Anthony","email":"crone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, Patricia A.C.","contributorId":74102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beget, James E.","contributorId":22757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beget","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seitz, Gordon G.","contributorId":17303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Gordon G.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":304923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bemis, Sean P.","contributorId":30709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bemis","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":98292,"text":"ofr20105027 - 2010 - Simulation of Streamflow, Evapotranspiration, and Groundwater Recharge in the Lower San Antonio River Watershed, South-Central Texas, 2000-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"ofr20105027","displayToPublicDate":"2010-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5027","title":"Simulation of Streamflow, Evapotranspiration, and Groundwater Recharge in the Lower San Antonio River Watershed, South-Central Texas, 2000-2007","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the San Antonio River Authority, the Evergreen Underground Water Conservation District, and the Goliad County Groundwater Conservation District, configured, calibrated, and tested a watershed model for a study area consisting of about 2,150 square miles of the lower San Antonio River watershed in Bexar, Guadalupe, Wilson, Karnes, DeWitt, Goliad, Victoria, and Refugio Counties in south-central Texas. The model simulates streamflow, evapotranspiration (ET), and groundwater recharge using rainfall, potential ET, and upstream discharge data obtained from National Weather Service meteorological stations and USGS streamflow-gaging stations. Additional time-series inputs to the model include wastewater treatment-plant discharges, withdrawals for cropland irrigation, and estimated inflows from springs.\r\n\r\nModel simulations of streamflow, ET, and groundwater recharge were done for 2000-2007. Because of the complexity of the study area, the lower San Antonio River watershed was divided into four subwatersheds; separate HSPF models were developed for each subwatershed. Simulation of the overall study area involved running simulations of the three upstream models, then running the downstream model. The surficial geology was simplified as nine contiguous water-budget zones to meet model computational limitations and also to define zones for which ET, recharge, and other water-budget information would be output by the model. The model was calibrated and tested using streamflow data from 10 streamflow-gaging stations; additionally, simulated ET was compared with measured ET from a meteorological station west of the study area. The model calibration is considered very good; streamflow volumes were calibrated to within 10 percent of measured streamflow volumes. \r\n\r\nDuring 2000-2007, the estimated annual mean rainfall for the water-budget zones ranged from 33.7 to 38.5 inches per year; the estimated annual mean rainfall for the entire watershed was 34.3 inches. Using the HSPF model it was estimated that for 2000-2007, less than 10 percent of the annual mean rainfall on the study watershed exited the watershed as streamflow, whereas about 82 percent, or an average of 28.2 inches per year, exited the watershed as ET. Estimated annual mean groundwater recharge for the entire study area was 3.0 inches, or about 9 percent of annual mean rainfall. Estimated annual mean recharge was largest in water-budget zone 3, the zone where the Carrizo Sand outcrops. In water-budget zone 3, the estimated annual mean recharge was 5.1 inches or about 15 percent of annual mean rainfall. Estimated annual mean recharge was smallest in water-budget zone 6, about 1.1 inches or about 3 percent of annual mean rainfall. The Cibolo Creek subwatershed and the subwatershed of the San Antonio River upstream from Cibolo Creek had the largest and smallest basin yields, about 4.8 inches and 1.2 inches, respectively. Estimated annual ET and annual recharge generally increased with increasing annual rainfall. Also, ET was larger in zones 8 and 9, the most downstream zones in the watershed.\r\n\r\nModel limitations include possible errors related to model conceptualization and parameter variability, lack of data to quantify certain model inputs, and measurement errors. Uncertainty regarding the degree to which available rainfall data represent actual rainfall is potentially the most serious source of measurement error.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20105027","collaboration":"In cooperation with the San Antonio River Authority, the Evergreen Underground Water Conservation District, and the Goliad County Groundwater Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Lizarraga, J.S., and Ockerman, D.J., 2010, Simulation of Streamflow, Evapotranspiration, and Groundwater Recharge in the Lower San Antonio River Watershed, South-Central Texas, 2000-2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-5027, v, 41 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20105027.","productDescription":"v, 41 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_5027.jpg"},{"id":13545,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5027/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f304b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lizarraga, Joy S.","contributorId":43735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lizarraga","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}