Population models for many animals are limited by a lack of information regarding juvenile survival. In particular, studies of songbird reproductive output typically terminate with the success or failure of nests, despite the fact that adults spend the rest of the reproductive season rearing dependent fledglings. Unless fledgling survival does not vary, or varies consistently with nest productivity, conclusions about population dynamics based solely on nest data may be misleading. During 2007 and 2008, we monitored nests and used radio telemetry to monitor fledgling survival for a population of Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla) in a managed-forest landscape in north-central Minnesota, USA. In addition to estimating nest and fledgling survival, we modeled growth for population segments partitioned by proximity to edges of non-nesting cover types (regenerating clearcuts). Nest survival was significantly lower, but fledgling survival was significantly higher, in 2007 than in 2008. Despite higher nest productivity in 2008, seasonal productivity (number of young surviving to independence per breeding female) was higher in 2007. Proximity to clearcut edge did not affect nest productivity. However, fledglings from nests near regenerating sapling-dominated clearcuts (7–20 years since harvest) had higher daily survival (0.992 ± 0.005) than those from nests in interior forest (0.978 ± 0.006), which in turn had higher daily survival than fledglings from nests near shrub-dominated clearcuts (≤6 years since harvest; 0.927 ± 0.030) in 2007, with a similar but statistically non-significant trend in 2008. Our population growth models predicted growth rates that differed by 2–39% (x¯ = 25%) from simpler models in which we replaced our estimates of first-year survival with one-half adult annual survival (an estimate commonly used in songbird population growth models). We conclude that nest productivity is an inadequate measure of songbird seasonal productivity, and that results based exclusively on nest data can yield misleading conclusions about population growth and clearcut edge effects. We suggest that direct estimates of juvenile survival could provide more accurate information for the management and conservation of many animal taxa.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES10-00187.1","usgsCitation":"Streby, H.M., and Andersen, D., 2011, Seasonal productivity in a population of migratory songbirds: why nest data are not enough: Ecosphere, v. 2, no. 7, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES10-00187.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025907","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es10-00187.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf105ee4b06458514b6949","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Streby, Henry M.","contributorId":11024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Streby","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, David E. 0000-0001-9535-3404 dea@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9535-3404","contributorId":2168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"David E.","email":"dea@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34539,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":619981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041885,"text":"70041885 - 2011 - Seasonally dynamic diel vertical migrations of Mysis diluviana, coregonine fishes, and siscowet lake trout in the pelagia of western Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-28T11:12:00","indexId":"70041885","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonally dynamic diel vertical migrations of Mysis diluviana, coregonine fishes, and siscowet lake trout in the pelagia of western Lake Superior","docAbstract":"Diel vertical migrations are common among many aquatic species and are often associated with changing light levels. The underlying mechanisms are generally attributed to optimizing foraging efficiency or growth rates and avoiding predation risk (μ). The objectives of this study were to (1) assess seasonal and interannual changes in vertical migration patterns of three trophic levels in the Lake Superior pelagic food web and (2) examine the mechanisms underlying the observed variability by using models of foraging, growth, and μ. Our results suggest that the opossum shrimp Mysis diluviana, kiyi Coregonus kiyi, and siscowet lake trout Salvelinus namaycush migrate concurrently during each season, but spring migrations are less extensive than summer and fall migrations. In comparison with M. diluviana, kiyis, and siscowets, the migrations by ciscoes C. artedi were not as deep in the water column during the day, regardless of season. Foraging potential and μ probably drive the movement patterns of M. diluviana, while our modeling results indicate that movements by kiyis and ciscoes are related to foraging opportunity and growth potential and receive a lesser influence from μ. The siscowet is an abundant apex predator in the pelagia of Lake Superior and probably undertakes vertical migrations in the water column to optimize foraging efficiency and growth. The concurrent vertical movement patterns of most species are likely to facilitate nutrient transport in this exceedingly oligotrophic ecosystem, and they demonstrate strong linkages between predators and prey. Fishery management strategies should use an ecosystem approach and should consider how altering the densities of long-lived top predators produces cascading effects on the nutrient cycling and energy flow in lower trophic levels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2011.637004","usgsCitation":"Ahrenstorff, T.D., Hrabik, T.R., Stockwell, J.D., Yule, D., and Sass, G., 2011, Seasonally dynamic diel vertical migrations of Mysis diluviana, coregonine fishes, and siscowet lake trout in the pelagia of western Lake Superior: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 6, p. 1504-1520, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.637004.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1504","endPage":"1520","ipdsId":"IP-020565","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264876,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264874,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.637004"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.1122,46.41 ], [ -92.1122,48.8794 ], [ -84.354,48.8794 ], [ -84.354,46.41 ], [ -92.1122,46.41 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"140","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4b96ae4b0e8fec6cdefcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahrenstorff, Tyler D.","contributorId":92559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahrenstorff","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":35614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stockwell, Jason D. 0000-0003-3393-6799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3393-6799","contributorId":61004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stockwell","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yule, Daniel L.","contributorId":92130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sass, Greg G.","contributorId":31281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"Greg G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004721,"text":"70004721 - 2011 - Estimating groundwater recharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-18T15:03:46.810237","indexId":"70004721","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge","docAbstract":"Groundwater recharge is the entry of fresh water into the saturated portion of the subsurface part of the hydrologic cycle, the modifier “saturated” indicating that the pressure of the pore water is greater than atmospheric. Briefly stated, recharge is downward flux across the water table. The term “groundwater recharge” can refer either to the multiple interacting processes generating and controlling the flux or to the fluxR itself. When referring to flux, R can represent either (1) a value integrated over large areas and long periods of time or (2) a point value, or instantaneous flux density, that varies erratically as well as continuously in time and space. Knowing how R is distributed through space and time is required for understanding the dynamics of groundwater flow and transport in any watershed, aquifer, or selected domain of interest and for understanding heads, flow paths, and discharges to streams, wetlands, and other surface water bodies. Clearly among the most important of hydrologic fluxes, R is also one of the most difficult to measure. Advancements in hydrologic science have proceeded surprisingly in lockstep with advances in determining R.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011EO320008","usgsCitation":"Stonestrom, D.A., 2011, Estimating groundwater recharge: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 92, no. 32, p. 269-269, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011EO320008.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"269","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474820,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011eo320008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":261767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b20e4b0c8380cd525a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70041876,"text":"70041876 - 2011 - Representation of bidirectional ground motions for design spectra in building codes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T20:24:36","indexId":"70041876","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Representation of bidirectional ground motions for design spectra in building codes","docAbstract":"The 2009 NEHRP Provisions modified the definition of horizontal ground motion from the geometric mean of spectral accelerations for two components to the peak response of a single lumped mass oscillator regardless of direction. These maximum-direction (MD) ground motions operate under the assumption that the dynamic properties of the structure (e.g., stiffness, strength) are identical in all directions. This assumption may be true for some in-plan symmetric structures, however, the response of most structures is dominated by modes of vibration along specific axes (e.g., longitudinal and transverse axes in a building), and often the dynamic properties (especially stiffness) along those axes are distinct. In order to achieve structural designs consistent with the collapse risk level given in the NEHRP documents, we argue that design spectra should be compatible with expected levels of ground motion along those principal response axes. The use of MD ground motions effectively assumes that the azimuth of maximum ground motion coincides with the directions of principal structural response. Because this is unlikely, design ground motions have lower probability of occurrence than intended, with significant societal costs. We recommend adjustments to make design ground motions compatible with target risk levels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"EERI","publisherLocation":"Oakland, CA","doi":"10.1193/1.3608001","usgsCitation":"Stewart, J.P., Abrahamson, N., Atkinson, G.M., Beker, J.W., Boore, D.M., Bozorgnia, Y., Campbell, K.W., Comartin, C.D., Idriss, I., Lew, M., Mehrain, M., Moehle, J.P., Naeim, F., and Sabol, T., 2011, Representation of bidirectional ground motions for design spectra in building codes: Earthquake Spectra, v. 27, no. 3, p. 927-937, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.3608001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"927","endPage":"937","ipdsId":"IP-020680","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":265003,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3608001"},{"id":265004,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4aa73e4b0e8fec6cdcc6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Jonathan P.","contributorId":100110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abrahamson, Norman A.","contributorId":45202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abrahamson","given":"Norman A.","affiliations":[{"id":13174,"text":"Pacific Gas & Electric","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atkinson, Gail M.","contributorId":60515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13255,"text":"University of Western Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beker, Jack W.","contributorId":60516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beker","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bozorgnia, Yousef","contributorId":40101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bozorgnia","given":"Yousef","affiliations":[{"id":6643,"text":"University of California - Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Campbell, Kenneth W.","contributorId":74391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Comartin, Craig D.","contributorId":23825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Comartin","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Idriss, I.M.","contributorId":105412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Idriss","given":"I.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lew, Marshall","contributorId":97794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lew","given":"Marshall","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mehrain, Michael","contributorId":35616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehrain","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Moehle, Jack P.","contributorId":20233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moehle","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Naeim, Farzad","contributorId":77017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeim","given":"Farzad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sabol, Thomas A.","contributorId":67186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabol","given":"Thomas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70041657,"text":"70041657 - 2011 - Liquefaction probability curves for surficial geologic deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T23:25:40.3171","indexId":"70041657","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Liquefaction probability curves for surficial geologic deposits","docAbstract":"Liquefaction probability curves that predict the probability of surface manifestations of earthquake-induced liquefaction are developed for 14 different types of surficial geologic units. The units consist of alluvial fan, beach ridge, river delta topset and foreset beds, eolian dune, point bar, flood basin, natural river and alluvial fan levees, abandoned river channel, deep-water lake, lagoonal, sandy artificial fill, and valley train deposits. Probability is conditioned on earthquake magnitude and peak ground acceleration. Curves are developed for water table depths of 1.5 and 5.0 m. Probabilities are derived from complementary cumulative frequency distributions of the liquefaction potential index (LPI) that were computed from 927 cone penetration tests. For natural deposits with a water table at 1.5 m and subjected to a M7.5 earthquake with peak ground acceleration (PGA) = 0.25g, probabilities range from <0.03 for alluvial fan and lacustrine deposits to >0.5 for beach ridge, point bar, and deltaic deposits. The curves also were used to assign ranges of liquefaction probabilities to the susceptibility categories proposed previously for different geologic deposits. For the earthquake described here, probabilities for susceptibility categories have ranges of 0–0.08 for low, 0.09–0.30 for moderate, 0.31–0.62 for high, and 0.63–1.00 for very high. Retrospective predictions of liquefaction during historical earthquakes based on the curves compare favorably to observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.17.1.1","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T.L., Noce, T.E., and Bennett, M.J., 2011, Liquefaction probability curves for surficial geologic deposits: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 17, no. 1, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.17.1.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-018454","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20c6ae4b08b071e771b9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, Thomas L. tholzer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"Thomas","email":"tholzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noce, Thomas E. tnoce@usgs.gov","contributorId":3174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noce","given":"Thomas","email":"tnoce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, Michael J. mjbennett@usgs.gov","contributorId":2783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Michael","email":"mjbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70044529,"text":"70044529 - 2011 - A trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for model assessment using frequency-domain electromagnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T20:19:01","indexId":"70044529","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for model assessment using frequency-domain electromagnetic data","docAbstract":"A meaningful interpretation of geophysical measurements requires an assessment of the space of models that are consistent with the data, rather than just a single, ‘best’ model which does not convey information about parameter uncertainty. For this purpose, a trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is developed for assessing frequencydomain electromagnetic (FDEM) data acquired from airborne or ground-based systems. By sampling the distribution of models that are consistent with measured data and any prior knowledge, valuable inferences can be made about parameter values such as the likely depth to an interface, the distribution of possible resistivity values as a function of depth and non-unique relationships between parameters. The trans-dimensional aspect of the algorithm allows the number of layers to be a free parameter that is controlled by the data, where models with fewer layers are inherently favoured, which provides a natural measure of parsimony and a significant degree of flexibility in parametrization. The MCMC algorithm is used with synthetic examples to illustrate how the distribution of acceptable models is affected by the choice of prior information, the system geometry and configuration and the uncertainty in the measured system elevation. An airborne FDEM data set that was acquired for the purpose of hydrogeological characterization is also studied. The results compare favorably with traditional least-squares analysis, borehole resistivity and lithology logs from the site, and also provide new information about parameter uncertainty necessary for model assessment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05165.x","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., 2011, A trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for model assessment using frequency-domain electromagnetic data: Geophysical Journal International, v. 187, p. 252-272, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05165.x.","startPage":"252","endPage":"272","ipdsId":"IP-026128","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269488,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269486,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05165.x"},{"id":269487,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1524&context=usgsstaffpub"}],"country":"United States","volume":"187","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51459461e4b0c47b5d322a7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70041801,"text":"70041801 - 2011 - Testing long-period ground-motion simulations of scenario earthquakes using the Mw 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah mainshock: Evaluation of finite-fault rupture characterization and 3D seismic velocity models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T11:09:48","indexId":"70041801","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Testing long-period ground-motion simulations of scenario earthquakes using the Mw 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah mainshock: Evaluation of finite-fault rupture characterization and 3D seismic velocity models","title":"Testing long-period ground-motion simulations of scenario earthquakes using the Mw 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah mainshock: Evaluation of finite-fault rupture characterization and 3D seismic velocity models","docAbstract":"Using a suite of five hypothetical finite-fault rupture models, we test the ability of long-period (T>2.0 s) ground-motion simulations of scenario earthquakes to produce waveforms throughout southern California consistent with those recorded during the 4 April 2010 Mw 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake. The hypothetical ruptures are generated using the methodology proposed by Graves and Pitarka (2010) and require, as inputs, only a general description of the fault location and geometry, event magnitude, and hypocenter, as would be done for a scenario event. For each rupture model, two Southern California Earthquake Center three-dimensional community seismic velocity models (CVM-4m and CVM-H62) are used, resulting in a total of 10 ground-motion simulations, which we compare with recorded ground motions. While the details of the motions vary across the simulations, the median levels match the observed peak ground velocities reasonably well, with the standard deviation of the residuals generally within 50% of the median. Simulations with the CVM-4m model yield somewhat lower variance than those with the CVM-H62 model. Both models tend to overpredict motions in the San Diego region and underpredict motions in the Mojave desert. Within the greater Los Angeles basin, the CVM-4m model generally matches the level of observed motions, whereas the CVM-H62 model tends to overpredict the motions, particularly in the southern portion of the basin. The variance in the peak velocity residuals is lowest for a rupture that has significant shallow slip (<5 km depth), whereas the variance in the residuals is greatest for ruptures with large asperities below 10 km depth. Overall, these results are encouraging and provide confidence in the predictive capabilities of the simulation methodology, while also suggesting some regions in which the seismic velocity models may need improvement.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120100233","usgsCitation":"Graves, R.W., and Aagaard, B.T., 2011, Testing long-period ground-motion simulations of scenario earthquakes using the Mw 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah mainshock: Evaluation of finite-fault rupture characterization and 3D seismic velocity models: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 2, p. 895-907, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100233.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"895","endPage":"907","ipdsId":"IP-023930","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"101","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50cc592fe4b00ab7c548c6de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graves, Robert W. rwgraves@usgs.gov","contributorId":3149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Robert","email":"rwgraves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aagaard, Brad T. 0000-0002-8795-9833 baagaard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-9833","contributorId":192869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aagaard","given":"Brad","email":"baagaard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70173750,"text":"70173750 - 2011 - Quantifying home range habitat requirements for bobcats (Lynx rufus) in Vermont, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-31T16:59:00.353981","indexId":"70173750","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Quantifying home range habitat requirements for bobcats (Lynx rufus) in Vermont, USA","title":"Quantifying home range habitat requirements for bobcats (Lynx rufus) in Vermont, USA","docAbstract":"We demonstrate how home range and habitat use analysis can inform landscape-scale conservation planning for the bobcat, Lynx rufus, in Vermont USA. From 2005 to 2008, we outfitted fourteen bobcats with GPS collars that collected spatially explicit locations from individuals every 4 h for 3–4 months. Kernel home range techniques were used to estimate home range size and boundaries, and to quantify the utilization distribution (UD), which is a spatially explicit, topographic mapping of how different areas within the home range are used. We then used GIS methods to quantify both biotic (e.g. habitat types, stream density) and abiotic (e.g. slope) resources within each bobcat’s home range. Across bobcats, upper 20th UD percentiles (core areas) had 18% less agriculture, 42% less development, 26% more bobcat habitat (shrub, deciduous, coniferous forest, and wetland cover types), and 33% lower road density than lower UD percentiles (UD valleys). For each bobcat, we used Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) to evaluate and compare 24 alternative Resource Utilization Functions (hypotheses) that could explain the topology of the individual’s UD. A model-averaged population-level Resource Utilization Function suggested positive responses to shrub, deciduous, coniferous forest, and wetland cover types within 1 km of a location, and negative responses to roads and mixed forest cover types within 1 km of a location. Applying this model-averaged function to each pixel in the study area revealed habitat suitability for bobcats across the entire study area, with suitability scores ranging between −1.69 and 1.44, where higher values were assumed to represent higher quality habitat. The southern Champlain Valley, which contained ample wetland and shrub habitat, was a concentrated area of highly suitable habitat, while areas at higher elevation areas were less suitable. Female bobcat home ranges, on average, had an average habitat suitability score of near 0, indicating that home ranges consisted of both beneficial and detrimental habitat types. We discuss the application of habitat suitability mapping and home range requirements for bobcat conservation and landscape scale management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Applied Science Publishers Oxford","publisherLocation":"Essex, England","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2011.06.026","usgsCitation":"Donovan, T., Freeman, M., Abouelezz, H., Royar, K., Howard, A.D., and Mickey, R., 2011, Quantifying home range habitat requirements for bobcats (Lynx rufus) in Vermont, USA: Biological Conservation, v. 144, no. 12, p. 2799-2809, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.06.026.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2799","endPage":"2809","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-023050","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323379,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","county":"Addison County, Chittenden County, Lamoille County, Washington County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":2803,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Addison\",\"state\":\"VT\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-73.3132,44.2637],[-73.2704,44.2603],[-73.2493,44.2614],[-73.1333,44.2743],[-73.0696,44.2837],[-73.0689,44.28],[-73.0166,44.2848],[-73.0199,44.3026],[-73.0001,44.2999],[-72.9733,44.2941],[-72.9691,44.2458],[-72.9532,44.1615],[-72.9348,44.1639],[-72.9348,44.163],[-72.9288,44.1252],[-72.9216,44.0937],[-72.9196,44.0833],[-72.917,44.0719],[-72.8973,44.0733],[-72.8966,44.0733],[-72.8775,44.0679],[-72.8539,44.0611],[-72.8266,44.0539],[-72.7418,44.0295],[-72.7912,43.9615],[-72.8101,43.936],[-72.8158,43.9373],[-72.8328,43.9109],[-72.8656,43.8611],[-72.8745,43.8643],[-72.8766,43.9016],[-72.9722,43.8681],[-72.9586,43.8262],[-72.994,43.8134],[-73.0168,43.8046],[-73.0285,43.8451],[-73.0291,43.8469],[-73.0608,43.8454],[-73.0843,43.8449],[-73.1566,43.8427],[-73.1553,43.8395],[-73.2193,43.8369],[-73.2065,43.7664],[-73.235,43.764],[-73.3648,43.7532],[-73.3637,43.7544],[-73.3616,43.7568],[-73.3597,43.7591],[-73.3578,43.7621],[-73.356,43.7651],[-73.3557,43.767],[-73.3556,43.7684],[-73.3555,43.772],[-73.3574,43.7769],[-73.3581,43.7787],[-73.3595,43.7826],[-73.3602,43.7844],[-73.3626,43.7877],[-73.367,43.7905],[-73.3683,43.7915],[-73.3716,43.7946],[-73.3736,43.7968],[-73.3762,43.7992],[-73.378,43.8018],[-73.3792,43.8034],[-73.3805,43.8061],[-73.3808,43.8067],[-73.3822,43.8089],[-73.3829,43.8098],[-73.3841,43.8112],[-73.3865,43.8135],[-73.3884,43.8154],[-73.3891,43.8161],[-73.3915,43.8186],[-73.3933,43.8209],[-73.3932,43.8227],[-73.3935,43.824],[-73.3935,43.8249],[-73.393,43.8272],[-73.3911,43.8295],[-73.3879,43.8327],[-73.3854,43.8345],[-73.3836,43.8359],[-73.3811,43.8378],[-73.3787,43.8398],[-73.3768,43.8416],[-73.3761,43.8437],[-73.3761,43.8466],[-73.3767,43.8483],[-73.3787,43.8501],[-73.38,43.8515],[-73.3812,43.8528],[-73.3825,43.855],[-73.3826,43.8581],[-73.3825,43.8588],[-73.3819,43.8617],[-73.3805,43.8653],[-73.379,43.8694],[-73.3784,43.872],[-73.3783,43.8758],[-73.3797,43.8806],[-73.381,43.8833],[-73.3823,43.886],[-73.3842,43.8909],[-73.3867,43.8937],[-73.3879,43.8945],[-73.3894,43.8955],[-73.3932,43.8987],[-73.3952,43.901],[-73.3964,43.9021],[-73.3984,43.9041],[-73.3996,43.9076],[-73.4004,43.9091],[-73.4023,43.9128],[-73.4043,43.9186],[-73.4045,43.9191],[-73.4069,43.9255],[-73.4082,43.9282],[-73.4089,43.9314],[-73.4101,43.9351],[-73.41,43.9383],[-73.4095,43.9408],[-73.4092,43.9423],[-73.4085,43.946],[-73.4079,43.9496],[-73.4079,43.951],[-73.4082,43.9537],[-73.4088,43.9574],[-73.4093,43.9615],[-73.4107,43.9669],[-73.4111,43.9693],[-73.4115,43.9706],[-73.4127,43.9743],[-73.4138,43.9784],[-73.414,43.98],[-73.414,43.9828],[-73.4135,43.9879],[-73.4133,43.9897],[-73.4128,43.993],[-73.412,43.9957],[-73.411,43.9978],[-73.41,43.9998],[-73.4086,44.0038],[-73.4087,44.0084],[-73.4094,44.011],[-73.41,44.0134],[-73.4107,44.0189],[-73.4133,44.0234],[-73.4166,44.0274],[-73.4171,44.0279],[-73.4218,44.0318],[-73.4268,44.0356],[-73.4317,44.0375],[-73.4361,44.0403],[-73.4397,44.0428],[-73.4416,44.0451],[-73.4429,44.0487],[-73.4434,44.0513],[-73.4434,44.0526],[-73.443,44.0546],[-73.4419,44.0577],[-73.4408,44.0596],[-73.4387,44.0633],[-73.4374,44.0654],[-73.435,44.0697],[-73.4306,44.0776],[-73.4244,44.0889],[-73.4184,44.1006],[-73.4167,44.1044],[-73.4145,44.1095],[-73.4139,44.1117],[-73.4135,44.1147],[-73.4134,44.1197],[-73.4134,44.1222],[-73.414,44.1245],[-73.4145,44.1265],[-73.4147,44.1277],[-73.4148,44.1309],[-73.4142,44.1336],[-73.4115,44.137],[-73.4085,44.1396],[-73.4069,44.1413],[-73.4054,44.1428],[-73.4022,44.146],[-73.3991,44.1488],[-73.3972,44.1524],[-73.3967,44.1548],[-73.3962,44.1577],[-73.3954,44.1633],[-73.3952,44.1695],[-73.3957,44.1743],[-73.3957,44.1773],[-73.3955,44.1805],[-73.3948,44.1832],[-73.3948,44.1844],[-73.3945,44.1857],[-73.3939,44.1885],[-73.3927,44.1912],[-73.3882,44.1949],[-73.3867,44.1959],[-73.3829,44.1985],[-73.3787,44.2013],[-73.3757,44.2029],[-73.3736,44.2041],[-73.3718,44.205],[-73.368,44.2069],[-73.3654,44.2088],[-73.3617,44.2119],[-73.3605,44.2137],[-73.36,44.2145],[-73.3573,44.2195],[-73.3547,44.2245],[-73.3526,44.2272],[-73.3517,44.2279],[-73.3487,44.2303],[-73.346,44.2325],[-73.3428,44.2344],[-73.3384,44.2362],[-73.334,44.2386],[-73.3289,44.2409],[-73.3233,44.2444],[-73.32,44.2482],[-73.3163,44.2541],[-73.3145,44.2593],[-73.3138,44.2614],[-73.3132,44.2637]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":2806,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Chittenden\",\"state\":\"VT\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-72.925,44.633],[-72.9108,44.6308],[-72.8296,44.5521],[-72.8097,44.5476],[-72.8314,44.5165],[-72.8038,44.5061],[-72.8388,44.4591],[-72.8048,44.4514],[-72.8391,44.403],[-72.8045,44.3903],[-72.8261,44.3588],[-72.8338,44.3592],[-72.8408,44.3606],[-72.8562,44.3651],[-72.8992,44.3012],[-72.9119,44.2815],[-72.8966,44.2761],[-72.9532,44.1615],[-72.9691,44.2458],[-72.9733,44.2941],[-73.0001,44.2999],[-73.0199,44.3026],[-73.0166,44.2848],[-73.0689,44.28],[-73.0696,44.2837],[-73.1333,44.2743],[-73.2493,44.2614],[-73.2704,44.2603],[-73.3132,44.2637],[-73.3129,44.2668],[-73.3126,44.2696],[-73.3122,44.2722],[-73.3122,44.2739],[-73.3128,44.2785],[-73.3134,44.282],[-73.3143,44.2838],[-73.3154,44.286],[-73.3167,44.2892],[-73.3193,44.2933],[-73.3204,44.2964],[-73.3216,44.2987],[-73.3223,44.3005],[-73.3226,44.3019],[-73.3226,44.3051],[-73.3227,44.3079],[-73.3231,44.3115],[-73.3234,44.3141],[-73.3236,44.3165],[-73.3241,44.322],[-73.3243,44.3231],[-73.3258,44.3289],[-73.3274,44.3357],[-73.3281,44.3372],[-73.331,44.3435],[-73.3335,44.3486],[-73.3359,44.3525],[-73.3363,44.3539],[-73.3373,44.3593],[-73.3374,44.3638],[-73.3367,44.3664],[-73.334,44.3705],[-73.3332,44.3725],[-73.3324,44.3739],[-73.3286,44.3776],[-73.3261,44.3803],[-73.323,44.3845],[-73.3219,44.3868],[-73.3211,44.3886],[-73.3191,44.3925],[-73.3178,44.3962],[-73.3164,44.3998],[-73.3142,44.4046],[-73.3116,44.4084],[-73.3091,44.4126],[-73.3083,44.4136],[-73.3061,44.4165],[-73.3029,44.4206],[-73.3021,44.4216],[-73.2998,44.4247],[-73.2992,44.4262],[-73.2979,44.4293],[-73.2961,44.4339],[-73.2947,44.4384],[-73.2949,44.443],[-73.2953,44.4465],[-73.2957,44.4483],[-73.2975,44.4535],[-73.2977,44.4548],[-73.2983,44.4589],[-73.2988,44.4654],[-73.2989,44.468],[-73.299,44.4707],[-73.2993,44.4753],[-73.2998,44.4804],[-73.3015,44.4849],[-73.3024,44.487],[-73.3033,44.489],[-73.3055,44.4932],[-73.307,44.4958],[-73.3112,44.5029],[-73.3167,44.5093],[-73.317,44.5099],[-73.3188,44.5135],[-73.3194,44.5144],[-73.3207,44.5163],[-73.322,44.5185],[-73.3221,44.5213],[-73.3221,44.5235],[-73.3226,44.5254],[-73.3245,44.5272],[-73.327,44.5295],[-73.3301,44.5324],[-73.3331,44.5362],[-73.3357,44.5403],[-73.3376,44.5427],[-73.3384,44.5434],[-73.3403,44.5458],[-73.3413,44.5471],[-73.3418,44.548],[-73.3424,44.5485],[-73.3455,44.5513],[-73.3481,44.553],[-73.35,44.5541],[-73.352,44.5553],[-73.3546,44.557],[-73.3572,44.5585],[-73.3597,44.5598],[-73.3623,44.5616],[-73.3642,44.5629],[-73.315,44.5724],[-73.2965,44.5775],[-73.2684,44.59],[-73.2582,44.6001],[-73.2545,44.6078],[-73.2573,44.6288],[-73.2529,44.6416],[-73.2382,44.6454],[-73.2331,44.6499],[-73.234,44.6736],[-73.2284,44.6883],[-73.2288,44.7229],[-73.096,44.6739],[-73.038,44.6509],[-72.925,44.633]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":2810,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Lamoille\",\"state\":\"VT\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-72.5787,44.7815],[-72.4179,44.7231],[-72.4809,44.6364],[-72.4822,44.6337],[-72.4707,44.6296],[-72.4662,44.6278],[-72.3681,44.5926],[-72.3752,44.5839],[-72.4349,44.506],[-72.4912,44.4258],[-72.5969,44.4795],[-72.6543,44.3979],[-72.7651,44.4428],[-72.8048,44.4514],[-72.8388,44.4591],[-72.8038,44.5061],[-72.8314,44.5165],[-72.8097,44.5476],[-72.8296,44.5521],[-72.9108,44.6308],[-72.925,44.633],[-72.9269,44.6348],[-72.9243,44.6367],[-72.9276,44.6403],[-72.9244,44.6408],[-72.9276,44.6453],[-72.9251,44.649],[-72.9225,44.6495],[-72.918,44.6458],[-72.9109,44.6459],[-72.9026,44.6463],[-72.8975,44.6527],[-72.8924,44.655],[-72.8509,44.7113],[-72.7963,44.6922],[-72.7861,44.7265],[-72.783,44.7374],[-72.774,44.7365],[-72.7721,44.7466],[-72.7695,44.7502],[-72.7676,44.7667],[-72.7567,44.7667],[-72.7542,44.7763],[-72.749,44.7763],[-72.7471,44.7859],[-72.6128,44.8016],[-72.5787,44.7815]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":2814,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Washington\",\"state\":\"VT\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-72.4349,44.506],[-72.2238,44.4246],[-72.2271,44.4218],[-72.229,44.4209],[-72.2277,44.4191],[-72.2219,44.4227],[-72.2194,44.4182],[-72.222,44.4182],[-72.2207,44.4168],[-72.2233,44.4159],[-72.2226,44.4141],[-72.2169,44.4109],[-72.2702,44.3394],[-72.3182,44.2985],[-72.3164,44.2725],[-72.3688,44.2042],[-72.4198,44.2211],[-72.4435,44.1286],[-72.4868,44.1418],[-72.5601,44.1632],[-72.5645,44.1536],[-72.5894,44.1604],[-72.6135,44.1144],[-72.6275,44.0871],[-72.6358,44.0893],[-72.6839,44.0127],[-72.7418,44.0295],[-72.8266,44.0539],[-72.8539,44.0611],[-72.8775,44.0679],[-72.8966,44.0733],[-72.8973,44.0733],[-72.917,44.0719],[-72.9196,44.0833],[-72.9216,44.0937],[-72.9288,44.1252],[-72.9348,44.163],[-72.9348,44.1639],[-72.9532,44.1615],[-72.8966,44.2761],[-72.9119,44.2815],[-72.8992,44.3012],[-72.8562,44.3651],[-72.8408,44.3606],[-72.8338,44.3592],[-72.8261,44.3588],[-72.8045,44.3903],[-72.8391,44.403],[-72.8048,44.4514],[-72.7651,44.4428],[-72.6543,44.3979],[-72.5969,44.4795],[-72.4912,44.4258],[-72.4349,44.506]]]}}]}","volume":"144","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9336e4b04f417c27517a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donovan, Therese tdonovan@usgs.gov","contributorId":171599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"Therese","email":"tdonovan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, Mark","contributorId":171650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abouelezz, Hanem","contributorId":171651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abouelezz","given":"Hanem","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Royar, Kim","contributorId":9886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royar","given":"Kim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howard, Alan D.","contributorId":106579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mickey, R.","contributorId":44725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mickey","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70041708,"text":"70041708 - 2011 - The influence of current speed and vegetation density on flow structure in two macrotidal eelgrass canopies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-22T13:35:52","indexId":"70041708","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2621,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of current speed and vegetation density on flow structure in two macrotidal eelgrass canopies","docAbstract":"The influence of eelgrass (Zostera marina) on near-bed currents, turbulence, and drag was investigated at three sites in two eelgrass canopies of differing density and at one unvegetated site in the San Juan archipelago of Puget Sound, Washington, USA. Eelgrass blade length exceeded 1 m. Velocity profiles up to 1.5 m above the sea floor were collected over a spring-neap tidal cycle with a downward-looking pulse-coherent acoustic Doppler profiler above the canopies and two acoustic Doppler velocimeters within the canopies. The eelgrass attenuated currents by a minimum of 40%, and by more than 70% at the most densely vegetated site. Attenuation decreased with increasing current speed. The data were compared to the shear-layer model of vegetated flows and the displaced logarithmic model. Velocity profiles outside the meadows were logarithmic. Within the canopies, most profiles were consistent with the shear-layer model, with a logarithmic layer above the canopy. However, at the less-dense sites, when currents were strong, shear at the sea floor and above the canopy was significant relative to shear at the top of the canopy, and the velocity profiles more closely resembled those in a rough-wall boundary layer. Turbulence was strong at the canopy top and decreased with height. Friction velocity at the canopy top was 1.5–2 times greater than at the unvegetated, sandy site. The coefficient of drag CD on the overlying flow derived from the logarithmic velocity profile above the canopy, was 3–8 times greater than at the unvegetated site (0.01–0.023 vs. 2.9 × 10−3).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Limnology and Oceanography","publisherLocation":"Waco, TX","doi":"10.1215/21573698-1152489","usgsCitation":"Lacy, J.R., and Wyllie-Echeverria, S., 2011, The influence of current speed and vegetation density on flow structure in two macrotidal eelgrass canopies: Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments, v. 1, no. 2011, p. 38-55, https://doi.org/10.1215/21573698-1152489.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"55","ipdsId":"IP-021828","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263964,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263963,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1215/21573698-1152489"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.7513,47.7495 ], [ -122.7513,48.2117 ], [ -122.3315,48.2117 ], [ -122.3315,47.7495 ], [ -122.7513,47.7495 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"1","issue":"2011","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c86462e4b03bc63bd67a1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172 jlacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":3158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"jlacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wyllie-Echeverria, Sandy","contributorId":24874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wyllie-Echeverria","given":"Sandy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042243,"text":"sir201151203 - 2011 - Geomorphology of the Elwha River and its Delta: Chapter 3 in Coastal habitats of the Elwha River, Washington--biological and physical patterns and processes prior to dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T16:45:15.56238","indexId":"sir201151203","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5120-3","title":"Geomorphology of the Elwha River and its Delta: Chapter 3 in Coastal habitats of the Elwha River, Washington--biological and physical patterns and processes prior to dam removal","docAbstract":"The removal of two dams on the Elwha River will introduce massive volumes of sediment to the river, and this increase in sediment supply in the river will likely modify the shapes and forms of the river and coastal landscape downstream of the dams. This chapter provides the geologic and geomorphologic background of the Olympic Peninsula and the Elwha River with emphasis on the present river and shoreline. The Elwha River watershed was formed through the uplift of the Olympic Mountains, erosion and movement of sediment throughout the watershed from glaciers, and downslope movement of sediment from gravitational and hydrologic forces. Recent alterations to the river morphology and sediment movement through the river include the two large dams slated to be removed in 2011, but also include repeated bulldozing of channel boundaries, construction and maintenance of flood plain levees, a weir and diversion channel for water supply purposes, and engineered log jams to help enhance river habitat for salmon. The shoreline of the Elwha River delta has changed in location by several kilometers during the past 14,000 years, in response to variations in the local sea-level of approximately 150 meters. Erosion of the shoreline has accelerated during the past 80 years, resulting in landward movement of the beach by more than 200 meters near the river mouth, net reduction in the area of coastal wetlands, and the development of an armored low-tide terrace of the beach consisting primarily of cobble. Changes to the river and coastal morphology during and following dam removal may be substantial, and consistent, long-term monitoring of these systems will be needed to characterize the effects of the dam removal project.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal habitats of the Elwha River, Washington--biological and physical patterns and processes prior to dam removal (SIR 2011-5120)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir201151203","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 3 in Coastal habitats of the Elwha River, Washington--biological and physical patterns and processes prior to dam removal. For more information, see: Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5120","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., Draut, A.E., McHenry, M.L., Miller, I.M., Magirl, C.S., Beirne, M., Stevens, A., and Logan, J., 2011, Geomorphology of the Elwha River and its Delta: Chapter 3 in Coastal habitats of the Elwha River, Washington--biological and physical patterns and processes prior to dam removal: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5120-3, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir201151203.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"74","ipdsId":"IP-030637","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264918,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5120/pdf/sir20115120_ch3.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.5832,47.794 ], [ -123.5832,47.9652 ], [ -123.448,47.9652 ], [ -123.448,47.794 ], [ -123.5832,47.794 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e5d133e4b0a4aa5bb0b1bc","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":68854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509124,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":48255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509123,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509122,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":48255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Draut, Amy E.","contributorId":92215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draut","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHenry, Michael L.","contributorId":39672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McHenry","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Ian M. 0000-0002-3289-6337","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3289-6337","contributorId":41951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beirne, Matthew M.","contributorId":66984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beirne","given":"Matthew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W.","contributorId":97399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Logan, Joshua B.","contributorId":34470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Joshua B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70209241,"text":"70209241 - 2011 - The role of backbarrier infilling in the formation of barrier island systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:31:57","indexId":"70209241","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-31T11:35:31","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The role of backbarrier infilling in the formation of barrier island systems","docAbstract":"Barrier islands develop through a variety of processes, including spit accretion, barrier elongation, and inlet filling. New geophysical and sedimentological data provide a means of documenting the presence of a paleoinlet within a barrier lithosome in the western Gulf of Maine, illuminating the process of backbarrier infilling and its effect on barrier and tidal inlet morphodynamics. The transport of sediment into the backbarrier through tidal inlets as well as sediment contribution from nearby rivers led to bay infilling, formation of tidal flats and marshes, and a vast reduction in the bay tidal prism. Using existing marsh stratigraphy and high resolution imaging of a paleo inlet, this study investigates the effects of this diminishing tidal prism and inlet closure process. Chronostratigraphic reconstructions and digital backstripping of the backbarrier explain rates and timing of infilling and eventual conversion of an open water lagoon to the modern high marsh and tidal creek system.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2011","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2011","conferenceDate":"May 2-6, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Miami, FL","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific","doi":"10.1142/9789814355537_0091","usgsCitation":"Hein, C.J., FitzGerald, D.M., Carruthers, E.A., Stone, B.D., and Gontz, A.M., 2011, The role of backbarrier infilling in the formation of barrier island systems, in The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2011, v. 2011, Miami, FL, May 2-6, 2011, p. 1203-1216, https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814355537_0091.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1203","endPage":"1216","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.54296874999999,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -70.4443359375,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -66.70898437499999,\n 42.8115217450979\n ],\n [\n -64.6875,\n 44.213709909702054\n ],\n [\n -64.8193359375,\n 45.706179285330855\n ],\n [\n -67.3681640625,\n 45.213003555993964\n ],\n [\n -71.05957031249999,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -71.54296874999999,\n 41.77131167976407\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2011","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, Christopher J.","contributorId":39893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"FitzGerald, Duncan M.","contributorId":48077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"FitzGerald","given":"Duncan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carruthers, Emily A.","contributorId":59709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carruthers","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stone, Byron D. 0000-0001-6092-0798 bdstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":1702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Byron","email":"bdstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gontz, Allen M.","contributorId":79784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gontz","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70170465,"text":"70170465 - 2011 - Simulations of historical and future trends in snowfall and groundwater recharge for basins draining to Long Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-21T15:48:04","indexId":"70170465","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-31T02:30:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1421,"text":"Earth Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulations of historical and future trends in snowfall and groundwater recharge for basins draining to Long Island Sound","docAbstract":"A regional watershed model was developed for watersheds contributing to Long Island Sound, including the Connecticut River basin. The study region covers approximately 40 900 km2, extending from a moderate coastal climate zone in the south to a mountainous northern New England climate zone dominated by snowmelt in the north. The input data indicate that precipitation and temperature have been increasing for the last 46 years (1961– 2006) across the region. Minimum temperature has increased more than maximum temperature over the same period (1961–2006). The model simulation indicates that there was an upward trend in groundwater recharge across most of the modeled region. However, trends in increasing precipitation and groundwater recharge are not significant at the 0.05 level if the drought of 1961–67 is removed from the time series. The trend in simulated snowfall is not significant across much of the region, although there is a significant downward trend in southeast Connecticut and in central Massachusetts. To simulate future trends, two input datasets, one assuming high carbon emissions and one assuming low carbon emissions, were developed from GCM forecasts. Under both of the carbon emission scenarios, simulations indicate that historical trends will continue, with increases in groundwater recharge over much of the region and substantial snowfall decreases across Massachusetts, Connecticut, southern Vermont, and southern New Hampshire. The increases in groundwater recharge and decreases in snowfall are most pronounced for the high emission scenario.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/2011EI374.1","usgsCitation":"Bjerklie, D.M., Viger, R.J., and Trombley, T.J., 2011, Simulations of historical and future trends in snowfall and groundwater recharge for basins draining to Long Island Sound: Earth Interactions, v. 15, p. 1-35, https://doi.org/10.1175/2011EI374.1.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-022665","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2011ei374.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":320507,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Connecticut River watershed, Housatonic River watershed, Thames River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.510009765625,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -71.466064453125,\n 45.10454630976873\n ],\n [\n -71.422119140625,\n 45.1742925240767\n ],\n [\n -71.43310546875,\n 45.251688256117646\n ],\n [\n -71.312255859375,\n 45.29034662473615\n ],\n [\n -71.2353515625,\n 45.282617057517406\n ],\n [\n -71.08154296875,\n 45.24395342262324\n ],\n [\n -71.08154296875,\n 45.182036837015886\n ],\n [\n -71.103515625,\n 45.034714778688624\n ],\n [\n -71.19140625,\n 44.81691551782855\n ],\n [\n -71.312255859375,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -71.268310546875,\n 44.43377984606825\n ],\n [\n -71.466064453125,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n -71.630859375,\n 44.040218713142146\n ],\n [\n -71.729736328125,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -71.78466796874999,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -71.8505859375,\n 43.1811470593997\n ],\n [\n -71.91650390625,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -71.905517578125,\n 42.98053954751642\n ],\n [\n -71.861572265625,\n 42.867912483915305\n ],\n [\n -71.78466796874999,\n 42.78733853171998\n ],\n [\n -71.7626953125,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -71.74072265625,\n 42.415346114253616\n ],\n [\n -71.6748046875,\n 42.25291778330197\n ],\n [\n -71.65283203125,\n 41.87774145109676\n ],\n [\n -71.6748046875,\n 41.64828831259535\n ],\n [\n -71.630859375,\n 41.335575973123895\n ],\n [\n -71.982421875,\n 41.269549502842565\n ],\n [\n -72.520751953125,\n 41.261291493919856\n ],\n [\n -72.93823242187499,\n 41.236511201246216\n ],\n [\n -73.10302734375,\n 41.15384235711447\n ],\n [\n -73.355712890625,\n 41.062786068733026\n ],\n [\n -73.564453125,\n 41.02964338716638\n ],\n [\n -73.54248046875,\n 41.14556973100947\n ],\n [\n -73.564453125,\n 41.31082388091818\n ],\n [\n -73.509521484375,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -73.42163085937499,\n 42.27730877423709\n ],\n [\n -73.267822265625,\n 42.68243539838623\n ],\n [\n -73.1689453125,\n 42.91620643817353\n ],\n [\n -73.004150390625,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n -72.97119140625,\n 43.31718491566708\n ],\n [\n -72.850341796875,\n 43.50075243569041\n ],\n [\n -72.79541015625,\n 43.739352079154706\n ],\n [\n -72.66357421875,\n 43.98491011404692\n ],\n [\n -72.542724609375,\n 44.23732831822538\n ],\n [\n -72.520751953125,\n 44.38669150215206\n ],\n [\n -72.4658203125,\n 44.54350521320822\n ],\n [\n -72.35595703125,\n 44.68427737181225\n ],\n [\n -72.191162109375,\n 44.75453548416007\n ],\n [\n -72.13623046875,\n 44.89479576469787\n ],\n [\n -71.993408203125,\n 45.00365115687189\n ],\n [\n -71.510009765625,\n 45.01141864227728\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571f3fe0e4b071321fe56a81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bjerklie, David M. 0000-0002-9890-4125 dmbjerkl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-4125","contributorId":3589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerklie","given":"David","email":"dmbjerkl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Viger, Roland J. 0000-0003-2520-714X rviger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-714X","contributorId":168799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland","email":"rviger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trombley, Thomas J. trombley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trombley","given":"Thomas","email":"trombley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193077,"text":"70193077 - 2011 - Using regional-scale pre- and post Hurricane Katrina lidar for monitoring and modeling: Chapter 30","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-23T09:14:52","indexId":"70193077","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Using regional-scale pre- and post Hurricane Katrina lidar for monitoring and modeling: Chapter 30","docAbstract":"Hurricane Katrina was one of the largest natural disasters in U.S. history. Due to the sheer\nsize of the affected areas, an unprecedented regional analysis at very high resolution and\naccuracy was needed to properly quantify and understand the effects of the hurricane and\nthe storm tide. Many disparate sources of lidar data were acquired and processed for\nvarying environmental reasons by pre- and post-Katrina projects. The datasets were in\nseveral formats and projections and were processed to varying phases of completion, and as\na result the task of producing a seamless digital elevation dataset required a high level of\ncoordination, research, and revision. This completed integration allowed for regional-scale\nstorm surge modeling based on very high-resolution elevation information.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recent Hurricane Research - Climate, Dynamics, and Societal Impacts","language":"English","publisher":"InTech","doi":"10.5772/14127","usgsCitation":"Stoker, J.M., Turnipseed, D.P., and Wilson, K.V., 2011, Using regional-scale pre- and post Hurricane Katrina lidar for monitoring and modeling: Chapter 30, chap. of Recent Hurricane Research - Climate, Dynamics, and Societal Impacts, p. 575-592, https://doi.org/10.5772/14127.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"575","endPage":"592","ipdsId":"IP-087647","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5772/14127","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-88.865067,29.752714],[-88.940346,29.657234],[-88.94632,29.662579],[-88.941605,29.674833],[-88.911751,29.699348],[-88.873611,29.758043],[-88.867973,29.79133],[-88.84301,29.82596],[-88.836296,29.855221],[-88.843277,29.86381],[-88.8312,29.878839],[-88.828247,29.920717],[-88.840866,29.995613],[-88.881454,30.053202],[-88.841225,30.012789],[-88.817017,29.93425],[-88.826538,29.847092],[-88.865067,29.752714]]],[[[-89.486709,29.621003],[-89.535202,29.648567],[-89.621109,29.657101],[-89.632698,29.671724],[-89.64975,29.672941],[-89.641228,29.635773],[-89.647324,29.625414],[-89.684486,29.624804],[-89.684486,29.602867],[-89.668648,29.580322],[-89.684486,29.563263],[-89.681092,29.534487],[-89.700845,29.520785],[-89.665813,29.49002],[-89.63533,29.489294],[-89.596533,29.456303],[-89.589536,29.437662],[-89.577096,29.433692],[-89.548686,29.465723],[-89.528429,29.454702],[-89.531943,29.425679],[-89.508551,29.386168],[-89.487308,29.393346],[-89.47714,29.411241],[-89.457303,29.393148],[-89.380001,29.391785],[-89.340304,29.381412],[-89.350694,29.349544],[-89.32317,29.343982],[-89.303766,29.357455],[-89.283028,29.356467],[-89.2653,29.345352],[-89.24087,29.310081],[-89.224192,29.313792],[-89.200389,29.344418],[-89.189354,29.345061],[-89.179547,29.339608],[-89.165015,29.303039],[-89.140275,29.291085],[-89.129688,29.265632],[-89.100106,29.25022],[-89.106244,29.215912],[-89.10065,29.206314],[-89.090724,29.199992],[-89.068265,29.204166],[-89.029103,29.220956],[-89.015192,29.211561],[-89.000674,29.180091],[-89.00529,29.164949],[-89.024269,29.170043],[-89.047233,29.157833],[-89.03873,29.14238],[-89.024149,29.137298],[-89.051953,29.106554],[-89.062335,29.070234],[-89.121542,29.069074],[-89.164788,29.008703],[-89.211144,29.040813],[-89.225865,29.07866],[-89.254726,29.083261],[-89.259354,29.058358],[-89.315389,29.039081],[-89.32485,29.013805],[-89.335228,29.015003],[-89.383814,28.947434],[-89.41148,28.925011],[-89.419865,28.929709],[-89.408157,28.965341],[-89.375049,28.985368],[-89.334735,29.040335],[-89.354798,29.072543],[-89.374522,29.084174],[-89.405654,29.086936],[-89.409371,29.127855],[-89.482844,29.215053],[-89.606651,29.252023],[-89.697258,29.296679],[-89.782149,29.311132],[-89.850305,29.311768],[-89.853699,29.34064],[-89.816155,29.393518],[-89.826049,29.415589],[-89.843553,29.421677],[-89.833659,29.467341],[-89.849642,29.477996],[-89.902179,29.460011],[-89.932598,29.429288],[-89.95543,29.428527],[-89.991961,29.463536],[-90.01251,29.462775],[-90.032298,29.427005],[-90.035415,29.368201],[-90.034275,29.322661],[-90.028536,29.307083],[-90.009678,29.294785],[-90.016288,29.284257],[-90.057094,29.281331],[-90.070622,29.262537],[-90.097678,29.26199],[-90.096038,29.240673],[-90.073355,29.227282],[-90.073355,29.210611],[-90.06361,29.209474],[-90.04291,29.211765],[-89.959509,29.267677],[-89.951175,29.266124],[-89.95646,29.253744],[-90.022029,29.216065],[-90.174273,29.105301],[-90.223587,29.085075],[-90.348768,29.057817],[-90.325514,29.075138],[-90.258145,29.091627],[-90.250044,29.108067],[-90.234235,29.110268],[-90.234405,29.128824],[-90.280516,29.142521],[-90.27832,29.150691],[-90.302846,29.175098],[-90.300885,29.196171],[-90.275851,29.193668],[-90.271251,29.204639],[-90.286621,29.225694],[-90.311663,29.237954],[-90.311523,29.256374],[-90.332796,29.276956],[-90.367166,29.274128],[-90.372565,29.258923],[-90.387924,29.252786],[-90.383857,29.235606],[-90.399465,29.201046],[-90.432912,29.188132],[-90.443954,29.19583],[-90.472489,29.192688],[-90.468773,29.198469],[-90.494928,29.216713],[-90.46832,29.227532],[-90.450674,29.263739],[-90.510555,29.290925],[-90.526216,29.276492],[-90.565436,29.285111],[-90.582525,29.276037],[-90.589724,29.248521],[-90.565378,29.242475],[-90.544311,29.224292],[-90.556501,29.219913],[-90.55739,29.207881],[-90.618413,29.20329],[-90.633819,29.209128],[-90.645612,29.175867],[-90.636973,29.164572],[-90.647042,29.12858],[-90.677724,29.118742],[-90.731239,29.122886],[-90.764189,29.113374],[-90.799444,29.087377],[-90.803699,29.063709],[-90.781981,29.049431],[-90.750092,29.053247],[-90.7253,29.066616],[-90.692205,29.059607],[-90.637623,29.072084],[-90.648058,29.062649],[-90.755677,29.038997],[-90.839345,29.039167],[-90.844593,29.06728],[-90.862757,29.094863],[-90.961278,29.180817],[-91.000096,29.169481],[-91.031786,29.182188],[-91.094015,29.187711],[-91.129141,29.215863],[-91.199647,29.221287],[-91.278792,29.247776],[-91.334885,29.298775],[-91.33275,29.305816],[-91.291821,29.311357],[-91.266589,29.361218],[-91.251546,29.368659],[-91.238515,29.371999],[-91.207299,29.360703],[-91.197465,29.369882],[-91.200087,29.38955],[-91.218463,29.407235],[-91.211999,29.420931],[-91.217448,29.432549],[-91.258226,29.446954],[-91.265649,29.472362],[-91.2813,29.481547],[-91.294325,29.476894],[-91.335742,29.485886],[-91.356625,29.515191],[-91.420449,29.515745],[-91.447345,29.544749],[-91.531021,29.531543],[-91.525523,29.551904],[-91.537445,29.565888],[-91.553537,29.632766],[-91.570589,29.638312],[-91.625114,29.626195],[-91.648941,29.633635],[-91.627286,29.662132],[-91.618479,29.710816],[-91.621512,29.735429],[-91.632829,29.742576],[-91.710935,29.738993],[-91.752259,29.748264],[-91.85864,29.703121],[-91.88075,29.710839],[-91.878355,29.751025],[-91.854677,29.807436],[-91.869998,29.828328],[-91.889118,29.836023],[-91.90689,29.83094],[-91.915989,29.815654],[-91.940723,29.817008],[-92.056398,29.772313],[-92.144431,29.716418],[-92.149349,29.697052],[-92.111787,29.62177],[-92.02532,29.625647],[-91.965031,29.608019],[-91.939903,29.610291],[-91.922825,29.633173],[-91.841294,29.62962],[-91.838297,29.616041],[-91.784976,29.595204],[-91.774686,29.576387],[-91.712002,29.56474],[-91.711654,29.55427],[-91.765448,29.520844],[-91.770069,29.493812],[-91.782387,29.482882],[-91.800121,29.486828],[-91.821576,29.473925],[-91.8385,29.478874],[-91.862324,29.502393],[-91.969312,29.536893],[-92.046316,29.584362],[-92.158624,29.581616],[-92.25186,29.539354],[-92.309357,29.533026],[-92.61627,29.578729],[-92.744126,29.617608],[-92.974305,29.71398],[-93.088182,29.749125],[-93.226934,29.777519],[-93.295573,29.775071],[-93.347331,29.759046],[-93.475252,29.769242],[-93.68364,29.747153],[-93.766048,29.7295],[-93.837971,29.690619],[-93.87002,29.735482],[-93.888821,29.742234],[-93.893862,29.767289],[-93.926504,29.78956],[-93.927992,29.80964],[-93.838374,29.882855],[-93.789431,29.987812],[-93.741078,30.021571],[-93.722791,30.051162],[-93.699396,30.05925],[-93.732485,30.088914],[-93.702436,30.112721],[-93.701252,30.137376],[-93.688212,30.141376],[-93.720946,30.209852],[-93.705083,30.242752],[-93.706608,30.281187],[-93.765822,30.333318],[-93.756352,30.356166],[-93.758554,30.387077],[-93.6978,30.440583],[-93.716678,30.494006],[-93.714322,30.518562],[-93.740253,30.539569],[-93.729195,30.544842],[-93.727844,30.57407],[-93.712454,30.588479],[-93.681235,30.596102],[-93.6831,30.640763],[-93.654971,30.670184],[-93.629904,30.67994],[-93.611192,30.718053],[-93.617688,30.738479],[-93.607757,30.757657],[-93.592828,30.763986],[-93.584265,30.796663],[-93.563243,30.806218],[-93.554057,30.824941],[-93.567788,30.888302],[-93.551942,30.918646],[-93.530936,30.924534],[-93.526245,30.939411],[-93.571906,30.987614],[-93.566017,31.004567],[-93.539526,31.008498],[-93.516407,31.02955],[-93.531219,31.051678],[-93.52301,31.065241],[-93.546644,31.082989],[-93.551693,31.097258],[-93.541375,31.113502],[-93.544888,31.148844],[-93.531744,31.180817],[-93.548931,31.186601],[-93.588503,31.165581],[-93.598828,31.174679],[-93.620343,31.271025],[-93.642516,31.269508],[-93.687851,31.309835],[-93.664665,31.357698],[-93.671644,31.393352],[-93.701611,31.409334],[-93.70093,31.437784],[-93.749476,31.46869],[-93.726736,31.5116],[-93.746826,31.526008],[-93.780835,31.525384],[-93.798087,31.534044],[-93.834923,31.58621],[-93.838057,31.606795],[-93.816838,31.622509],[-93.826462,31.666919],[-93.802452,31.693186],[-93.830647,31.745811],[-93.822598,31.773559],[-93.839951,31.798597],[-93.874761,31.821661],[-93.874822,31.840611],[-93.904766,31.890599],[-93.923929,31.88985],[-93.935008,31.903773],[-93.971712,31.920384],[-94.018664,31.990843],[-94.04272,31.999265],[-94.042964,33.019219],[-91.166073,33.004106],[-91.162363,33.019684],[-91.129088,33.033554],[-91.120379,33.05453],[-91.149823,33.081603],[-91.201125,33.108185],[-91.202089,33.121249],[-91.188718,33.139811],[-91.161651,33.141781],[-91.143334,33.129785],[-91.114087,33.129834],[-91.087589,33.145177],[-91.091711,33.220813],[-91.054126,33.246105],[-91.043624,33.274636],[-91.05873,33.286901],[-91.07853,33.283306],[-91.096931,33.241628],[-91.106142,33.241799],[-91.140057,33.296618],[-91.142219,33.348989],[-91.075293,33.405966],[-91.058152,33.428705],[-91.057621,33.445341],[-91.081834,33.454188],[-91.096723,33.437603],[-91.095211,33.417488],[-91.10717,33.399078],[-91.154017,33.378914],[-91.209032,33.403633],[-91.199354,33.418321],[-91.131885,33.430063],[-91.118495,33.449116],[-91.125109,33.472842],[-91.172213,33.496691],[-91.176984,33.478899],[-91.16936,33.452629],[-91.177293,33.443638],[-91.206807,33.433846],[-91.235181,33.438972],[-91.232587,33.453958],[-91.18307,33.498613],[-91.226325,33.5412],[-91.231418,33.560593],[-91.181068,33.58152],[-91.152148,33.582721],[-91.130445,33.606034],[-91.139209,33.625658],[-91.171168,33.647766],[-91.219048,33.661503],[-91.227857,33.683073],[-91.205377,33.700819],[-91.165846,33.705133],[-91.133416,33.67679],[-91.09404,33.658351],[-91.03146,33.678142],[-91.030402,33.687766],[-91.055562,33.712486],[-91.117733,33.705342],[-91.146618,33.732456],[-91.14201,33.77382],[-91.132185,33.78342],[-91.107318,33.770619],[-91.053886,33.778701],[-91.026782,33.763642],[-91.000106,33.769165],[-90.989444,33.780576],[-91.000107,33.799549],[-91.049679,33.818729],[-91.073011,33.857449],[-91.010831,33.925552],[-91.012994,33.932276],[-91.084095,33.956179],[-91.087921,33.975335],[-91.042751,33.986811],[-91.01889,34.003151],[-90.994856,33.963118],[-90.965187,33.965461],[-90.961222,33.976151],[-90.987948,34.019038],[-90.89242,34.02686],[-90.886351,34.058564],[-90.870528,34.080516],[-90.882628,34.096615],[-90.921273,34.093958],[-90.946323,34.109374],[-90.958467,34.125105],[-90.9543,34.138498],[-90.91001,34.165508],[-90.847168,34.136884],[-90.810884,34.155903],[-90.812374,34.180767],[-90.887884,34.18198],[-90.9118,34.193897],[-90.936988,34.227041],[-90.929015,34.244541],[-90.907082,34.244492],[-90.89456,34.22438],[-90.847808,34.20653],[-90.828267,34.27365],[-90.802928,34.282465],[-90.765165,34.280524],[-90.743082,34.302257],[-90.742694,34.320263],[-90.768445,34.353469],[-90.762085,34.364754],[-90.683222,34.368817],[-90.693129,34.32257],[-90.669343,34.31302],[-90.657488,34.322231],[-90.666788,34.35582],[-90.655346,34.371846],[-90.571145,34.420319],[-90.56733,34.440383],[-90.583717,34.458829],[-90.588942,34.491097],[-90.581062,34.512818],[-90.545728,34.53775],[-90.540951,34.550853],[-90.587224,34.615732],[-90.588419,34.670963],[-90.567334,34.693371],[-90.549856,34.695478],[-90.538061,34.673232],[-90.555104,34.646236],[-90.537165,34.627767],[-90.5081,34.636682],[-90.466041,34.674312],[-90.463734,34.691093],[-90.475194,34.700826],[-90.538974,34.698783],[-90.568172,34.727384],[-90.543811,34.749277],[-90.544067,34.791159],[-90.522892,34.802265],[-90.514706,34.801768],[-90.501523,34.774795],[-90.520556,34.753388],[-90.518317,34.73279],[-90.488865,34.723731],[-90.452479,34.739898],[-90.473527,34.788835],[-90.456761,34.820395],[-90.481955,34.857805],[-90.479872,34.883264],[-90.459819,34.891946],[-90.438313,34.884581],[-90.428754,34.8414],[-90.414864,34.831846],[-90.34038,34.860357],[-90.311312,34.844223],[-90.302523,34.856471],[-90.313476,34.871698],[-90.250095,34.90732],[-90.244476,34.937596],[-90.250056,34.951196],[-90.293083,34.974574],[-90.309297,34.995694],[-88.200064,34.995634],[-88.154617,34.922392],[-88.099999,34.894095],[-88.243025,33.79568],[-88.473227,31.893856],[-88.39398,30.349307],[-88.409927,30.342115],[-88.418811,30.353911],[-88.433891,30.354652],[-88.446495,30.347753],[-88.45381,30.329626],[-88.480117,30.318345],[-88.504802,30.321472],[-88.522494,30.340092],[-88.579483,30.34419],[-88.596349,30.358365],[-88.613745,30.353108],[-88.66382,30.362099],[-88.700587,30.343689],[-88.728893,30.342671],[-88.811615,30.384907],[-88.810127,30.391298],[-88.841328,30.409598],[-88.857828,30.392898],[-88.851442,30.375355],[-88.89393,30.393398],[-89.016334,30.383898],[-89.285744,30.303097],[-89.291844,30.328096],[-89.281564,30.33198],[-89.279818,30.34979],[-89.292499,30.365635],[-89.315067,30.375408],[-89.349447,30.370995],[-89.366116,30.352169],[-89.332546,30.337895],[-89.322345,30.319296],[-89.329946,30.302896],[-89.419348,30.25432],[-89.430428,30.223218],[-89.447465,30.205098],[-89.44791,30.185352],[-89.461275,30.174745],[-89.475824,30.191561],[-89.562825,30.168667],[-89.587062,30.150648],[-89.617542,30.156422],[-89.678499,30.106886],[-89.683712,30.076018],[-89.727453,30.062661],[-89.731428,30.051377],[-89.7163,30.02811],[-89.724649,30.022454],[-89.763216,30.042108],[-89.813684,30.043605],[-89.854533,30.007821],[-89.8385,29.945816],[-89.804463,29.932588],[-89.748492,29.945831],[-89.727933,29.95878],[-89.71291,29.946349],[-89.742727,29.935894],[-89.742479,29.90817],[-89.711158,29.879287],[-89.660568,29.862909],[-89.598129,29.881409],[-89.574997,29.959455],[-89.58136,29.994722],[-89.501587,30.034037],[-89.494064,30.040972],[-89.499275,30.058893],[-89.493484,30.072191],[-89.481926,30.079128],[-89.418465,30.049747],[-89.372375,30.054729],[-89.372375,30.036671],[-89.422813,30.015495],[-89.432785,30.008022],[-89.433411,29.991205],[-89.432785,29.978752],[-89.379227,29.963804],[-89.378601,29.919588],[-89.368019,29.911491],[-89.315453,29.923208],[-89.273315,29.99382],[-89.250534,30.002361],[-89.243706,29.997236],[-89.249969,29.975597],[-89.218071,29.97275],[-89.231178,29.925484],[-89.280144,29.924915],[-89.322289,29.887333],[-89.289253,29.880499],[-89.241425,29.88961],[-89.236298,29.877081],[-89.269897,29.859997],[-89.383789,29.838928],[-89.372971,29.82526],[-89.345634,29.820135],[-89.342781,29.798496],[-89.33197,29.790524],[-89.318306,29.788815],[-89.277298,29.807608],[-89.284706,29.770021],[-89.269325,29.760912],[-89.305199,29.756926],[-89.337662,29.779135],[-89.367271,29.775148],[-89.386063,29.788815],[-89.428207,29.74155],[-89.42421,29.697638],[-89.530258,29.74375],[-89.560181,29.735472],[-89.572922,29.746616],[-89.651237,29.749479],[-89.644562,29.710957],[-89.618446,29.700768],[-89.592979,29.702042],[-89.596802,29.684212],[-89.573883,29.674025],[-89.53376,29.670204],[-89.487915,29.630405],[-89.486709,29.621003]]],[[[-89.095623,30.231767],[-89.077259,30.23168],[-89.067128,30.250199],[-89.073538,30.223318],[-89.091469,30.202305],[-89.118222,30.223343],[-89.156738,30.230699],[-89.095623,30.231767]]],[[[-88.90037,30.224576],[-88.980239,30.207962],[-88.920511,30.220578],[-88.877824,30.242442],[-88.90037,30.224576]]],[[[-88.710719,30.250799],[-88.656804,30.233956],[-88.573044,30.22264],[-88.562067,30.227476],[-88.587424,30.219154],[-88.71183,30.242662],[-88.752782,30.238803],[-88.771991,30.245523],[-88.710719,30.250799]]],[[[-88.506999,30.214348],[-88.453444,30.201236],[-88.401466,30.210172],[-88.453654,30.196584],[-88.506999,30.214348]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Louisiana\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6107a2e4b06e28e9c255da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoker, Jason M. 0000-0003-2455-0931 jstoker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2455-0931","contributorId":3021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoker","given":"Jason","email":"jstoker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turnipseed, D. Phil 0000-0002-9737-3203 pturnip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-3203","contributorId":298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnipseed","given":"D.","email":"pturnip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Phil","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Kenneth V. 0000-0002-3818-9182 kvwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-9182","contributorId":2313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Kenneth","email":"kvwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193206,"text":"70193206 - 2011 - Water and heat transport in boreal soils: Implications for soil response to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T11:16:15","indexId":"70193206","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water and heat transport in boreal soils: Implications for soil response to climate change","docAbstract":"Soil water content strongly affects permafrost dynamics by changing the soil thermal properties. However, the movement of liquid water, which plays an important role in the heat transport of temperate soils, has been under-represented in boreal studies. Two different heat transport models with and without convective heat transport were compared to measurements of soil temperatures in four boreal sites with different stand ages and drainage classes. Overall, soil temperatures during the growing season tended to be over-estimated by 2–4 °C when movement of liquid water and water vapor was not represented in the model. The role of heat transport in water has broad implications for site responses to warming and suggests reduced vulnerability of permafrost to thaw at drier sites. This result is consistent with field observations of faster thaw in response to warming in wet sites compared to drier sites over the past 30 years in Canadian boreal forests. These results highlight that representation of water flow in heat transport models is important to simulate future soil thermal or permafrost dynamics under a changing climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.02.009","usgsCitation":"Fan, Z., Harden, J.W., Winston, G., O’Donnell, J.A., Neff, J.C., Zhang, T., Veldhuis, H., and Czimczik, C., 2011, Water and heat transport in boreal soils: Implications for soil response to climate change: Science of the Total Environment, v. 409, no. 10, p. 1836-1842, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.02.009.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1836","endPage":"1842","ipdsId":"IP-019055","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/40r7c46p","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"409","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bc2e4b0531197afa07a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fan, Zhaosheng","contributorId":199104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fan","given":"Zhaosheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winston, G.C.","contributorId":106274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winston","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A.","contributorId":84138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Neff, Jason C.","contributorId":34813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neff","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Zhang, Tingjun","contributorId":168878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Tingjun","affiliations":[{"id":25375,"text":"Lanzhou University, PR China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Veldhuis, Hugo","contributorId":62294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veldhuis","given":"Hugo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Czimczik, C.I.","contributorId":57274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czimczik","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70043157,"text":"70043157 - 2011 - Bias-adjusted satellite-based rainfall estimates for predicting floods: Narayani Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-15T16:51:02","indexId":"70043157","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2289,"text":"Journal of Flood Risk Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bias-adjusted satellite-based rainfall estimates for predicting floods: Narayani Basin","docAbstract":"In Nepal, as the spatial distribution of rain gauges is not sufficient to provide detailed perspective on the highly varied spatial nature of rainfall, satellite-based rainfall estimates provides the opportunity for timely estimation. This paper presents the flood prediction of Narayani Basin at the Devghat hydrometric station (32 000 km2) using bias-adjusted satellite rainfall estimates and the Geospatial Stream Flow Model (GeoSFM), a spatially distributed, physically based hydrologic model. The GeoSFM with gridded gauge observed rainfall inputs using kriging interpolation from 2003 was used for calibration and 2004 for validation to simulate stream flow with both having a Nash Sutcliff Efficiency of above 0.7. With the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Prediction Centre's rainfall estimates (CPC_RFE2.0), using the same calibrated parameters, for 2003 the model performance deteriorated but improved after recalibration with CPC_RFE2.0 indicating the need to recalibrate the model with satellite-based rainfall estimates. Adjusting the CPC_RFE2.0 by a seasonal, monthly and 7-day moving average ratio, improvement in model performance was achieved. Furthermore, a new gauge-satellite merged rainfall estimates obtained from ingestion of local rain gauge data resulted in significant improvement in flood predictability. The results indicate the applicability of satellite-based rainfall estimates in flood prediction with appropriate bias correction.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Flood Risk Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1753-318X.2011.01121.x","usgsCitation":"Artan, G.A., Tokar, S., Gautam, D., Bajracharya, S., and Shrestha, M., 2011, Bias-adjusted satellite-based rainfall estimates for predicting floods: Narayani Basin: Journal of Flood Risk Management, v. 4, no. 4, p. 360-373, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-318X.2011.01121.x.","startPage":"360","endPage":"373","ipdsId":"IP-021744","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267583,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-318X.2011.01121.x"}],"country":"United States","volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511f6705e4b03b29402c5d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Artan, Guleid A. 0000-0001-8409-6182 gartan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-6182","contributorId":2938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artan","given":"Guleid","email":"gartan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tokar, S.A.","contributorId":67331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tokar","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gautam, D.K.","contributorId":90568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gautam","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bajracharya, S.R.","contributorId":25387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bajracharya","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shrestha, M.S.","contributorId":45547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shrestha","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70192994,"text":"70192994 - 2011 - Sparrow modeling to understand water quality conditions in major regions of the United States: A featured collection introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T10:43:06","indexId":"70192994","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sparrow modeling to understand water quality conditions in major regions of the United States: A featured collection introduction","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00585.x","usgsCitation":"Preston, S.D., Alexander, R.B., and Wolock, D.M., 2011, Sparrow modeling to understand water quality conditions in major regions of the United States: A featured collection introduction: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 50, p. 887-890, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00585.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"887","endPage":"890","ipdsId":"IP-030310","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00585.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"50","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6107a2e4b06e28e9c255dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Preston, Stephen D. 0000-0003-1515-6692 spreston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-6692","contributorId":1463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Stephen","email":"spreston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70006368,"text":"ofr20111308 - 2011 - Postwildfire preliminary debris flow hazard assessment for the area burned by the 2011 Las Conchas Fire in north-central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"ofr20111308","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-30T14:32:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1308","title":"Postwildfire preliminary debris flow hazard assessment for the area burned by the 2011 Las Conchas Fire in north-central New Mexico","docAbstract":"The Las Conchas Fire during the summer of 2011 was the largest in recorded history for the state of New Mexico, burning 634 square kilometers in the Jemez Mountains of north-central New Mexico. The burned landscape is now at risk of damage from postwildfire erosion, such as that caused by debris flows and flash floods. This report presents a preliminary hazard assessment of the debris-flow potential from 321 basins burned by the Las Conchas Fire. A pair of empirical hazard-assessment models developed using data from recently burned basins throughout the intermountain western United States was used to estimate the probability of debris-flow occurrence and volume of debris flows at the outlets of selected drainage basins within the burned area. The models incorporate measures of burn severity, topography, soils, and storm rainfall to estimate the probability and volume of debris flows following the fire.
In response to a design storm of 28.0 millimeters of rain in 30 minutes (10-year recurrence interval), the probabilities of debris flows estimated for basins burned by the Las Conchas Fire were greater than 80 percent for two-thirds (67 percent) of the modeled basins. Basins with a high (greater than 80 percent) probability of debris-flow occurrence were concentrated in tributaries to Santa Clara and Rio del Oso Canyons in the northeastern part of the burned area; some steep areas in the Valles Caldera National Preserve, Los Alamos, and Guaje Canyons in the east-central part of the burned area; tributaries to Peralta, Colle, Bland, and Cochiti canyons in the southwestern part of the burned area; and tributaries to Frijoles, Alamo, and Capulin Canyons in the southeastern part of the burned area (within Bandelier National Monument). Estimated debris-flow volumes ranged from 400 cubic meters to greater than 72,000 cubic meters. The largest volumes (greater than 40,000 cubic meters) were estimated for basins in Santa Clara, Los Alamos, and Water Canyons, and for two basins at the northeast edge of the burned area tributary to Rio del Oso and Vallecitos Creek.
The Combined Relative Debris-Flow Hazard Rankings identify the areas of highest probability of the largest debris flows. Basins with high Combined Relative Debris-Flow Hazard Rankings include upper Santa Clara Canyon in the northern section of the burn scar, and portions of Peralta, Colle, Bland, Cochiti, Capulin, Alamo, and Frijoles Canyons in the southern section of the burn scar. Three basins with high Combined Relative Debris-Flow Hazard Rankings also occur in areas upstream from the city of Los Alamos—the city is home to and surrounded by numerous technical sites for the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
Potential debris flows in the burned area could affect the water supply for Santa Clara Pueblo and several recreational lakes, as well as recreational and archeological resources in Bandelier National Monument. Debris flows could damage bridges and culverts along State Highway 501 and other roadways. Additional assessment is necessary to determine if the estimated volume of material is sufficient to travel into areas downstream from the modeled basins along the valley floors, where they could affect human life, property, agriculture, and infrastructure in those areas. Additionally, further investigation is needed to assess the potential for debris flows to affect structures at or downstream from basin outlets and to increase the threat of flooding downstream by damaging or blocking flood mitigation structures. The maps presented here may be used to prioritize areas where erosion mitigation or other protective measures may be necessary within a 2- to 3-year window of vulnerability following the Las Conchas Fire.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111308","usgsCitation":"Tillery, A.C., Darr, M.J., Cannon, S.H., and Michael, J.A., 2011, Postwildfire preliminary debris flow hazard assessment for the area burned by the 2011 Las Conchas Fire in north-central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1308, v, 11 p.; 3 Plates - Plate 1: 20.35 x 32.35 inches, Plate 2: 20.21 x 32.41 inches, Plate 3: 20.41 x 32.41 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111308.","productDescription":"v, 11 p.; 3 Plates - Plate 1: 20.35 x 32.35 inches, Plate 2: 20.21 x 32.41 inches, Plate 3: 20.41 x 32.41 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-06-01","temporalEnd":"2011-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1308.png"},{"id":112410,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1308/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.61749999999999,35.6 ], [ -106.61749999999999,36.08416666666667 ], [ -106.25083333333333,36.08416666666667 ], [ -106.25083333333333,35.6 ], [ -106.61749999999999,35.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ea0e4b0c8380cd7a65e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillery, Anne C. 0000-0002-9508-7908 atillery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-7908","contributorId":2549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillery","given":"Anne","email":"atillery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darr, Michael J. mjdarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":4239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darr","given":"Michael","email":"mjdarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":354397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70007063,"text":"sim3181 - 2011 - Geologic map of the Suquamish 7.5' quadrangle and part of the Seattle North 7.5' x 15' quadrangle, Kitsap County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:26:47.202701","indexId":"sim3181","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3181","title":"Geologic map of the Suquamish 7.5' quadrangle and part of the Seattle North 7.5' x 15' quadrangle, Kitsap County, Washington","docAbstract":"The Suquamish 7.5' quadrangle is in the center of the Puget Lowland, Washington. The quadrangle contains the northern two-thirds of Bainbridge Island and adjacent parts of the Kitsap Peninsula. Puget Sound and contiguous waterways form 35 percent of the map area. Maximum elevation is 137 m in the northwest corner of the quadrangle, west of Suquamish; the modal elevation is 44 m. The center of the quadrangle is 20 km west-northwest of downtown Seattle. Winslow, in the southeast corner of the quadrangle, is a 35-minute ferry ride from Seattle.\nThe Suquamish quadrangle lies within the Salish Lowland physiographic province (Haugerud, 2004), a broad region in the forearc of the Cascade Volcanic Arc that extends from south of Olympia, Washington, to north of Campbell River, British Columbia, and includes both the Puget Lowland of western Washington and the Georgia Depression of northwestern Washington and southwestern British Columbia. To the east are the Cascade Range and Coast Mountains; to the west is the outer-arc high of the Coast Ranges. The Salish Lowland is the locus of late Cenozoic subsidence: Jones (1996) indicates as much as 1 km of unconsolidated fill beneath some areas. The Lowland is crossed by east-west topographic highs formed by bedrock uplifts. A northern San Juan high divides the Lowland into Georgia Depression and Puget Lowland subprovinces. A southern high, which lies athwart the south end of Bainbridge Island immediately south of the map area, coincides with the Seattle Fault Zone along which uplift has brought Eocene rocks to elevations of 800-1,200 m, 8-10 km higher than equivalent strata in the floor of the Seattle structural basin that underlies central and northern Bainbridge Island and areas to the east (Brocher and others, 2001; Blakely and others, 2002). Deformation along the Seattle Fault appears to be driven by north-south shortening of the Cascade forearc (Wells and others, 1998).\nPleistocene glacial deposits underlie most of the map area. Most extensive are the various members of the Vashon Drift, deposited in the Vashon stade of the Fraser Glaciation of Armstrong and others (1965) between about about 17,000 years ago.\nThis study was undertaken in response to (1) awareness of the hazard posed by future earthquakes in the Seattle Fault Zone, at the south edge of the quadrangle, and the need to marshal geologic evidence for the rate and style of deformation; (2) increasing population on Bainbridge Island and consequent pressure on groundwater resources; (3) concern about landslide hazards; and (4) awareness of the role that the nearshore zone plays in supporting marine resources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3181","usgsCitation":"Haugerud, R.A., and Troost, K.G., 2011, Geologic map of the Suquamish 7.5' quadrangle and part of the Seattle North 7.5' x 15' quadrangle, Kitsap County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3181, Pamphlet: 9 p.; 1 Plate: 48 x 31 inches; Readme; Metadata; GIS Databases, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3181.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: 9 p.; 1 Plate: 48 x 31 inches; Readme; Metadata; GIS Databases","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116326,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3181.gif"},{"id":398860,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_96385.htm"},{"id":112413,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3181/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Kitsap County","otherGeospatial":"Seattle North 7.5' x 15' quadrangle, Suquamish 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.625\n ],\n [\n -122.4583,\n 47.625\n ],\n [\n -122.4583,\n 47.75\n ],\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.75\n ],\n [\n -122.625,\n 47.625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1eade4b0c8380cd566ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haugerud, Ralph A. 0000-0001-7302-4351 rhaugerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":2691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaugerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troost, Kathy Goetz","contributorId":35023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troost","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"Goetz","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70007062,"text":"sim3187 - 2011 - Lidar-revised geologic map of the Wildcat Lake 7.5' quadrangle, Kitsap and Mason Counties, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:28:04.611784","indexId":"sim3187","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3187","title":"Lidar-revised geologic map of the Wildcat Lake 7.5' quadrangle, Kitsap and Mason Counties, Washington","docAbstract":"This map is an interpretation of a 6-ft-resolution (2-m-resolution) lidar (light detection and ranging) digital elevation model combined with the geology depicted on the Geologic Map of the Wildcat Lake 7.5' quadrangle, Kitsap and Mason Counties, Washington (Haeussler and Clark, 2000). Haeussler and Clark described, interpreted, and located the geology on the 1:24,000-scale topographic map of the Wildcat Lake 7.5' quadrangle. This map, derived from 1951 aerial photographs, has 20-ft contours, nominal horizontal resolution of approximately 40 ft (12 m), and nominal mean vertical accuracy of approximately 10 ft (3 m). Similar to many geologic maps, much of the geology in the Haeussler and Clark (2000) map-especially the distribution of surficial deposits-was interpreted from landforms portrayed on the topographic map. In 2001, the Puget Sound lidar Consortium obtained a lidar-derived digital elevation model (DEM) for Kitsap Peninsula including all of the Wildcat Lake 7.5' quadrangle. This new DEM has a horizontal resolution of 6 ft (2 m) and a mean vertical accuracy of about 1 ft (0.3 m). The greater resolution and accuracy of the lidar DEM compared to topography constructed from air photo stereo models have much improved the interpretation of geology in this heavily vegetated landscape, especially the distribution and relative age of some surficial deposits. Many contacts of surficial deposits are adapted unmodified or slightly modified from Haugerud (2009).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3187","usgsCitation":"Tabor, R.W., Haugerud, R.A., Haeussler, P.J., and Clark, K.P., 2011, Lidar-revised geologic map of the Wildcat Lake 7.5' quadrangle, Kitsap and Mason Counties, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3187, Pamphlet: 12 p.; 1 Plate: 30 x 36 inches; Readme; Metadata; GIS Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3187.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: 12 p.; 1 Plate: 30 x 36 inches; Readme; Metadata; GIS Database","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116197,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3187.gif"},{"id":398859,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_96384.htm"},{"id":112412,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3187/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Kitsap County, Mason County","otherGeospatial":"Wildcat Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.875,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -122.75,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -122.75,\n 47.625\n ],\n [\n -122.875,\n 47.625\n ],\n [\n -122.875,\n 47.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4752e4b0c8380cd67815","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tabor, Rowland W. rtabor@usgs.gov","contributorId":3816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"Rowland","email":"rtabor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haugerud, Ralph A. 0000-0001-7302-4351 rhaugerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":2691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaugerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, Kenneth P.","contributorId":65513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70006364,"text":"ofr20111310 - 2011 - Summary of November 2010 meeting to evaluate turbidite data for constraining the recurrence parameters of great Cascadia earthquakes for the update of national seismic hazard maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ofr20111310","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1310","title":"Summary of November 2010 meeting to evaluate turbidite data for constraining the recurrence parameters of great Cascadia earthquakes for the update of national seismic hazard maps","docAbstract":"This report summarizes a meeting of geologists, marine sedimentologists, geophysicists, and seismologists that was held on November 18–19, 2010 at Oregon State University in Corvallis, Oregon. The overall goal of the meeting was to evaluate observations of turbidite deposits to provide constraints on the recurrence time and rupture extent of great Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) earthquakes for the next update of the U.S. national seismic hazard maps (NSHM). The meeting was convened at Oregon State University because this is the major center for collecting and evaluating turbidite evidence of great Cascadia earthquakes by Chris Goldfinger and his colleagues. We especially wanted the participants to see some of the numerous deep sea cores this group has collected that contain the turbidite deposits. Great earthquakes on the CSZ pose a major tsunami, ground-shaking, and ground-failure hazard to the Pacific Northwest. Figure 1 shows a map of the Pacific Northwest with a model for the rupture zone of a moment magnitude Mw 9.0 earthquake on the CSZ and the ground shaking intensity (in ShakeMap format) expected from such an earthquake, based on empirical ground-motion prediction equations. The damaging effects of such an earthquake would occur over a wide swath of the Pacific Northwest and an accompanying tsunami would likely cause devastation along the Pacifc Northwest coast and possibly cause damage and loss of life in other areas of the Pacific. A magnitude 8 earthquake on the CSZ would cause damaging ground shaking and ground failure over a substantial area and could also generate a destructive tsunami. The recent tragic occurrence of the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake highlights the importance of having accurate estimates of the recurrence times and magnitudes of great earthquakes on subduction zones. For the U.S. national seismic hazard maps, estimating the hazard from the Cascadia subduction zone has been based on coastal paleoseismic evidence of great earthquakes over the past 5,000 years. The instrumental catalog of earthquakes is of little use for constraining the hazard of the CSZ, because there are virtually no recorded earthquakes on most of the plate interface of the CSZ. There are no historical accounts in the past 150 years of large earthquakes on most of the CSZ. Until about 20 years ago, some interpreted this lack of recent and historical earthquakes as an indicator that the subduction zone was slipping aseismically and could not produce a great earthquake. The work of Brian Atwater and others, in the late 1980s and the 1990s (Atwater, 1987, 1992; Atwater and others, 1995; Nelson and others, 1996; Clague, 1997; Atwater and Hemphill-Haley, 1997; Atwater and others, 2004) demonstrated that submerged forests, buried soils, tsunami deposits, and liquefaction along and near the coast were compelling evidence of repeated great Cascadia earthquakes over at least the past 5,000 years. Atwater and Hemphill-Haley (1997) concluded from paleoseismic evidence at Willapa Bay, Washington, that great earthquakes ruptured the CSZ with an average recurrence time of about 500 years. The date of the last great CSZ earthquake, January 26, 1700, was established from historical records of the so-called orphan tsunami in Japan that is inferred to have been produced by this earthquake (Satake and others, 1996, 2003; Atwater and others, 2005) and is consistent with tree-ring data from drowned forests in Washington and Oregon. From modeling the observations of the tsunami, Satake and others (2003) estimated a moment magnitude of about 9.0 for this earthquake. Many other paleoseismic sites have been investigated along the Pacific Northwest coast from Vancouver Island to northern California and show evidence of great CSZ earthquakes. Nelson and others (2006) summarized the dates found from these studies and proposed correlations between sites indicating the extent of rupture for individual events. Dating of inferred tsunami deposits in Bradley Lake, Oregon by Kelsey and others (2005), as well as tsunami and subsidence evidence from Six Rivers, Oregon (Kelsey and others, 2002) and Coquille River (Witter and others, 2003), indicates that there were probably Mw 8 ruptures in the southern portion of the CSZ in addition to the Mw 9 events that rupture the whole length of the CSZ (Nelson and others, 2006). A parallel development over the past 20 years or more is the use of deep-sea turbidite deposits for identifying and dating great Cascadia earthquakes over the past 10,000 years (Adams, 1990; Goldfinger and others, 2003, 2008, in press; Goldfinger, 2011). Turbidites are sediment deposits in the deep ocean from turbidity currents, which are energetic flows of sediment and water along the continental shelf and slope. Adams (1990), using the counts of turbidites in deep-sea cores off the coast of Oregon and Washington collected and analyzed by Griggs (1969) and Griggs and others (1969), proposed that these turbidites were caused by the shaking of great Cascadia earthquakes. Part of his reasoning was that the number (13) of turbidite deposits that occurred since deposition of the Mazama Ash 7,000 years ago gave a recurrence time of about 500 years, consistent with that derived from the coastal submergence data. Adams (1990) also proposed the “confluence test” which evaluates the number of turbidites for submarine channels that form a confluence. He reported that the number of turbidites in the single downstream channel equaled the number in each of the tributary channels. He reasoned that this indicated that the turbidites in each tributary were simultaneously triggered and were, therefore, caused by a common forcing agent. He concluded that shaking from extended ruptures of great Cascadia earthquakes was the most likely cause of these turbidites. Based on the paleoseismic evidence of past great earthquakes, the hazard from the Cascadia subduction zone was included in the 1996 U.S. NSHM (Frankel and others, 1996), which were the basis for seismic provisions in the 2000 International Building Code. These hazard maps used the paleoseismic studies to constrain the recurrence rate of great CSZ earthquakes. Goldfinger and his colleagues have since collected many more deep ocean cores and done extensive analysis on the turbidite deposits that they identified in the cores (Goldfinger and others, 2003, 2008, in press; Goldfinger, 2011). Using their dating of the sediments and correlation of features in the logs of density and magnetic susceptibility between cores, they developed a detailed chronology of great earthquakes along the CSZ for the past 10,000 years (Goldfinger and others, in press). These correlations consist of attempting to match the peaks and valleys in logs of density and magnetic susceptibility between cores separated, in some cases, by hundreds of kilometers. Based on this work, Goldfinger and others (2003, 2008, in press) proposed that the turbidite evidence indicated the occurrence of great earthquakes (Mw 8) that only ruptured the southern portion of the CSZ, as well as earthquakes with about Mw 9 that ruptured the entire length of the CSZ. For the southernmost portion of the CSZ, Goldfinger and others (in press) proposed a recurrence time of Mw 8 or larger earthquakes of about 230 years. This proposed recurrence time was shorter than the 500 year time that was incorporated in one scenario in the NSHM’s. It is important to note that the hazard maps of 1996 and later also included a scenario or set of scenarios with a shorter recurrence time for Mw 8 earthquakes, using rupture zones that are distributed along the length of the CSZ (Frankel and others, 1996; Petersen and others, 2008). Originally, this scenario was meant to correspond to the idea that some of the 500-year averaged ruptures seen in the paleoseismic evidence could have been a series of Mw 8 earthquakes that occurred over a short period of time (a few decades), rather than Mw 9 earthquakes. Figure 2 shows the logic tree for the CSZ used in the 2008 NSHM’s (Petersen and others, 2008). This logic tree includes whole CSZ rupture earthquakes (Mw 8.8–9.2) and partial CSZ rupture earthquakes (Mw 8.0–8.7). In this latest version of the NSHM’s, the effective recurrence time of earthquakes on the CSZ with moment magnitudes greater than or equal to 8.0 over the various models is about 270 years (Petersen and others, 2008). This recurrence time applies to the entire CSZ, so that the hazard from great earthquakes was approximately equal along the whole zone, although the hazard estimates taper on the northern and southern ends of the CSZ, because of the way rupture zones of Mw 8 earthquakes were distributed along the strike of the CSZ. The NSHM will be updated in 2013, as part of the standard update cycle that corresponds to the update cycle of the national model building codes that are based on the seismic hazard maps. A meeting was necessary to assemble a wide group of experts to hear Dr. Goldfinger explain his methodology for dating and correlating the turbidites and for developing the earthquake chronology. The overall goal of the workshop was to evaluate observations of turbidite deposits to provide constraints on the recurrence times and rupture extents of great Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes for the next update of the NSHM. Before the meeting, participants were supplied with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Professional Paper of Goldfinger and others (in press), as well as material from Brian Atwater and Alan Nelson. The agenda of the meeting was developed by Art Frankel, with assistance from Chris Goldfinger, Brian Atwater, Alan Nelson, Mark Petersen, and Craig Weaver. The meeting was hosted by Chris Goldfinger of Oregon State University. We stress that it is difficult to evaluate in a two-day meeting the large amount of work that Goldfinger and his colleagues have done over the past 15 years or more. This meeting is the first step in a process that develops the inputs to the update of the national maps. The conclusions of this workshop will be discussed and possibly modified at the regional Pacific Northwest workshop for the hazard maps to be held in early 2012. Vetting new research results using informed expert opinion is an integral part of updating the national maps and does not reflect on the veracity of these results.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111310","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A.D., 2011, Summary of November 2010 meeting to evaluate turbidite data for constraining the recurrence parameters of great Cascadia earthquakes for the update of national seismic hazard maps: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1310, iii, 10 p.; Appendix; Figures, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111310.","productDescription":"iii, 10 p.; Appendix; Figures","startPage":"i","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1310.gif"},{"id":112398,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1310/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -130,40 ], [ -130,50 ], [ -118,50 ], [ -118,40 ], [ -130,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9e3de4b08c986b31dd97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":1363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70136237,"text":"70136237 - 2011 - Development of a pan-Arctic monitoring plan for polar bears: Background paper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:24:53","indexId":"70136237","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Development of a pan-Arctic monitoring plan for polar bears: Background paper","docAbstract":"The Cochiti Dam quadrangle is located in the southern part of the Española Basin and contains sedimentary and volcanic deposits that record alluvial, colluvial, eolian, tectonic and volcanic processes over the past seventeen million years. The geology was mapped from 1997 to 1999 and modified in 2004 to 2008. The primary mapping responsibilities were as follows: Dethier mapped the surficial deposits, basin-fill sedimentary deposits, Miocene to Quaternary volcanic deposits of the Jemez volcanic field, and a preliminary version of fault distribution. Thompson and Hudson mapped the Pliocene and Quaternary volcanic deposits of the Cerros del Rio volcanic field. Thompson, Minor, and Hudson mapped surface exposures of faults and Hudson conducted paleomagnetic studies for stratigraphic correlations. Thompson prepared the digital compilation of the geologic map.
\nThe mapped distribution of units is based primarily on interpretation of 1:16,000-scale, color aerial photographs taken in 1992, and 1:40,000-scale, black-and-white, aerial photographs taken in 1996. Most of the contacts on the map were transferred from the aerial photographs using a photogrammetric stereo-plotter and subsequently field checked for accuracy and revised based on field determination of allostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic units. Determination of lithostratigraphic units in volcanic deposits was aided by geochemical data, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, aeromagnetic and paleomagnetic data. Supplemental revision of mapped contacts was based on interpretation of USGS 1-meter orthoimagery.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3194","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Dethier, D., Thompson, R.A., Hudson, M., Minor, S.A., and Sawyer, D.A., 2011, Geologic map of the Cochiti Dam quadrangle, Sandoval County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3194, 1 Plate: 58.06 x 42.00 inches; Metadata; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3194.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 58.06 x 42.00 inches; Metadata; Data Files","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3194.png"},{"id":398858,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_96374.htm"},{"id":112411,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3194/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Sandoval County","otherGeospatial":"Cochiti Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.375,\n 35.625\n ],\n [\n -106.25,\n 35.625\n ],\n [\n -106.25,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -106.375,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -106.375,\n 35.625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1b73e4b0c8380cd55ed8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dethier, David P.","contributorId":35285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dethier","given":"David P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Ren A. 0000-0002-3044-3043 rathomps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-3043","contributorId":1265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Ren","email":"rathomps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hudson, Mark R. 0000-0003-0338-6079 mhudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-6079","contributorId":1236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Mark R.","email":"mhudson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sawyer, David A. dsawyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"David","email":"dsawyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":355759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}