Continental shelf environments are uniquely situated to capture some of the most dynamic processes on Earth including climatic variability and anthropogenic modifications to coastal systems. Understanding how these processes have affected sediment delivery and accumulation on the shelf in the past may provide insight into potential changes in the future. To address this, we investigated shelf sedimentation within Monterey Bay, California. Sediment cores were collected from four locations throughout the bay to capture both the modern and late Holocene sedimentological record using grain size analysis, and sediment chronologies determined from 210Pb, 137Cs, and 14C. From the grain size results we focused on the total percent sand, and established a Littoral Sand Fraction (LSF) index to assess sediment contribution from the littoral zone as a result coastal erosion. Grain size results from the multicores consistently showed an increase in sand over the past several decades (post 1970s). For the cores located within the bay proximal to three major rivers, the increase in sand corresponded to a general increase in the LSF over the same period. We attributed these trends to increased sediment contributions to the shelf due to accelerated coastal erosion in the region. This accelerated coastal erosion was likely the combined result of dam construction in the mid-twentieth century that limited fluvial supply to the coast, and a shift in climate toward wetter, stormier period. Applying these sediment characteristics back over the past ∼1,000 years we found that dry climatic periods resulted in deposits that were limited in total sand but enriched in littoral material suggesting elevated coastal erosion. During wet periods deposits were enriched in total sand but limited in littoral sand suggesting elevated fluvial supply and low erosion. Compared to the late Holocene record, the previous several decades represent a shift to a new regime, uncharacteristic of deposits over the past millennia, highlighting the impact humans have had on shelf sedimentation.
Recruitment of brown bear (Ursus arctos) offspring into a population is the product of initial cub production and subsequent survival and is a critical component of overall population status and trend. We investigated the relationship between maternal body size, body condition, and age (as a surrogate for gained experience) and recruitment of dependent offspring (≥1 yr old) in 4 Alaska, USA (2014–2017), brown bear populations using logistic regression. Body size alone was our top predictor of the presence of offspring and appeared in all top models. Our data suggest that bear size is the primary driver of productivity across all 4 study populations, with larger bears having a greater chance of being observed with offspring. The effect of body condition was likely confounded by the increased energetic costs of supporting cubs through time and had a negative relationship with recruitment. Age (experience) was positively related to recruitment. Understanding the relative importance of body size, body condition, and age on the recruitment of offspring provides insights into life-history trade-offs female bears must manage as they strive to meet the nutritional costs of cub production and rearing, while minimizing risks to themselves and their offspring. Further assessment of long-term longitudinal studies of brown bears that assess the lifetime reproductive output of individuals would be highly informative to further assess the effect of experience on recruitment and to support the management of brown bear populations for recovery, conservation, sustained yield, and ecosystem function.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2192/URSUS-D-18-00008.1","usgsCitation":"Hilderbrand, G., Gustine, D., Joly, K., Mangipane, B., Leacock, W., Cameron, M., Sorum, M., Mangipane, L., and Erlenbach, J., 2019, The influence of body size, condition, and age on recruitment of four Alaskan brown bear populations: Ursus, v. 2, no. 29, p. 111-118, https://doi.org/10.2192/URSUS-D-18-00008.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"118","ipdsId":"IP-081284","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2192/ursus-d-18-00008.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range, Gates of the Arctic National Park & Preserve, Katmai National Park & Preserve, Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Clark National Park & Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.33496093749997,\n 55.99838095535963\n ],\n [\n -150.9521484375,\n 55.99838095535963\n ],\n [\n -150.9521484375,\n 62.67414334669093\n ],\n [\n -158.33496093749997,\n 62.67414334669093\n ],\n [\n -158.33496093749997,\n 55.99838095535963\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.13769531249997,\n 66.31986144668052\n ],\n [\n -147.3046875,\n 66.31986144668052\n ],\n [\n -147.3046875,\n 68.70448628851169\n ],\n [\n -156.13769531249997,\n 68.70448628851169\n ],\n [\n -156.13769531249997,\n 66.31986144668052\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"29","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hilderbrand, Grant V. 0000-0002-0051-8315 ghilderbrand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0051-8315","contributorId":199764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilderbrand","given":"Grant V.","email":"ghilderbrand@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":763923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gustine, David","contributorId":200449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":763924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Joly, Kyle","contributorId":53117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joly","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mangipane, Buck","contributorId":211731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mangipane","given":"Buck","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leacock, William","contributorId":192123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leacock","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":763927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cameron, Matthew","contributorId":204963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cameron","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sorum, Mathew","contributorId":204962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorum","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mangipane, Lindsey","contributorId":201731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mangipane","given":"Lindsey","affiliations":[{"id":36244,"text":"MSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Erlenbach, Joy","contributorId":200750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erlenbach","given":"Joy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":763931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70204502,"text":"70204502 - 2019 - Characterizing seismogenic fault structures in Oklahoma using a relocated template matched catalog","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-29T13:25:38","indexId":"70204502","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-29T13:18:39","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing seismogenic fault structures in Oklahoma using a relocated template matched catalog","docAbstract":"Oklahoma is one of the most seismically active places in the United States as a result of industry activities. In order to characterize the fault networks responsible for these earthquakes in Oklahoma, we relocated a large-scale template matching catalog between 2010-2016 using the GrowClust algorithm . This relocated catalog is currently the most complete statewide catalog for Oklahoma during this seven-year window. Using this relocated catalog, we identified seismogenic fault segments by developing an algorithm that clusters earthquakes and then identifies linear trends within each cluster. Considering the large number of earthquakes in Oklahoma, this algorithm made the process of identifying previously unmapped seismogenic faults more approachable and objective. We identify approximately 2500 seismogenic fault segments which are in general agreement with focal mechanisms and optimally oriented relative to maximum principle stress measurements. We demonstrate that these fault orientations can be used to approximate the maximum principle stress orientations.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220190045","usgsCitation":"Skoumal, R., Kaven, J., and Water, J., 2019, Characterizing seismogenic fault structures in Oklahoma using a relocated template matched catalog: Seismological Research Letters, v. 90, no. 4, p. 1535-1543, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220190045.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1535","endPage":"1543","ipdsId":"IP-102133","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366031,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Jake","contributorId":217695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Water","given":"Jake","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13170,"text":"Oklahoma Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70205183,"text":"70205183 - 2019 - Impacts of saltwater intrusion on wetland prey production and composition in a historically freshwater marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-11T15:05:58","indexId":"70205183","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-29T12:25:57","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of saltwater intrusion on wetland prey production and composition in a historically freshwater marsh","docAbstract":"Sea level rise is a fundamental driver of ecosystem change and has the potential to shift the spatial distributions of habitats more rapidly than species can adapt. Rapid sea level rise and associated saltwater intrusion have negative impacts on coastal environments, including loss of habitat for species such as sea turtles and shorebirds. In Florida’s largest wetland, the Everglades, the availability of small fishes that are prey for wading birds serve as an indicator of ecosystem health. In the southwestern part of the ecosystem, sea level rise and a reduction in freshwater flow have converted formerly freshwater marsh into an estuarine mangrove-dominated landscape. In this study, we sampled fish communities in this southwest portion of the Everglades exposed to a range of saline conditions. Biomass of native fishes was highest at a salinity value of approximately 25 parts per thousand, while non-native biomass decreased with increasing salinity. Applying salinity change scenarios, we determined that a 10% reduction from the salinity levels recorded in this study would be optimal for biomass of native fishes. The baseline data we collected on non-native fishes at the site will be useful for monitoring as restoration progresses and for managers working on invasive species control. This region has been actively undergoing ecosystem restoration for the last decade, but restored freshwater flow closer to historical conditions is still years away. Without increased freshwater inflow from hydrologic restoration, rising sea levels and saltwater intrusion may provide conservation challenges for wading birds and their prey-base fishes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-019-00572-8","usgsCitation":"Romanach, S., Beerens, J.M., Patton, B., Chapman, J.P., and Hanson, M., 2019, Impacts of saltwater intrusion on wetland prey production and composition in a historically freshwater marsh: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 42, no. 6, p. 1600-1611, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00572-8.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1600","endPage":"1611","ipdsId":"IP-088911","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F73B5ZCD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Fish data collected during 2015 and 2016 at 9 sites at the Ten Thousand Islands National Wildlife Refuge, Florida."},{"id":367221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.47186279296875,\n 25.109227976892218\n ],\n [\n -80.55038452148438,\n 25.109227976892218\n ],\n [\n -80.55038452148438,\n 25.88393659458397\n ],\n [\n -81.47186279296875,\n 25.88393659458397\n ],\n [\n -81.47186279296875,\n 25.109227976892218\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romanach, Stephanie 0000-0003-0271-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":216117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanach","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beerens, James M. 0000-0001-8143-916X jbeerens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-916X","contributorId":143722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beerens","given":"James","email":"jbeerens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patton, Brett 0000-0002-7396-3452 pattonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-3452","contributorId":5458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"Brett","email":"pattonb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chapman, Julia P. 0000-0002-7073-0012","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-0012","contributorId":218788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanson, Matt 0000-0002-2859-3878 mhanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-3878","contributorId":208997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Matt","email":"mhanson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":770271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203058,"text":"sir20195033 - 2019 - Simulation of the regional groundwater-flow system in the St. Louis River basin, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T15:53:37","indexId":"sir20195033","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-29T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5033","displayTitle":"Simulation of the Regional Groundwater-Flow System in the St. Louis River Basin, Minnesota","title":"Simulation of the regional groundwater-flow system in the St. Louis River basin, Minnesota","docAbstract":"The St. Louis River Basin (SLRB) covers 3,600 square miles in northeastern Minnesota, with headwaters in the Mesabi Range and extensive wetlands and lakes throughout the basin. To better understand the regional groundwater system in the SLRB, a two-dimensional, steady-state groundwater-flow model of the SLRB was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Minnesota Ojibwe Bands, using the analytic-element computer code GFLOW. The parameter-estimation software suite PEST was used to obtain a best fit of the modeled to measured groundwater levels and streamflows. The calibrated regional model was locally refined to create a smaller version of the model, the central SLRB model, that was used to evaluate hydrologic effects from extensive ditching in wetlands of the central SLRB. The refinements included adding ditches that were not represented in the regional model and modifying the aquifer base elevation to be more representative of the localized area. The central SLRB model was recalibrated to better match the distribution of mapped wetlands. Two scenarios were run of the central SLRB model: one with ditches and one without ditches. The model results were compared between the two scenarios to assess the effect of ditching on the groundwater system and potential changes to hydrologic conditions that support wetlands.
Calibration of the regional SRLB model resulted in average horizontal hydraulic conductivity values of 6–39 feet per day for the glacial deposits and 3–4 feet per day for the uppermost fractured bedrock in the Biwabik Iron-Formation on the Mesabi Range. Average recharge across the calibrated model was 5.9 inches per year. Linesink resistance for the routed stream network was calibrated by using resistance categories based on the mapped soil hydrologic groups. The modeled regional groundwater-flow direction was generally to the south near the Mesabi Range topographic high and south or southwest across the rest of the basin.
The updated calibration of the central SLRB model resulted in average horizontal hydraulic conductivity values of 5–36 feet per day for the glacial deposits and 3 feet per day for the uppermost fractured Biwabik Iron-Formation of the Mesabi Range. Average recharge across the ditch scenarios was 4.1 inches per year. Comparison of the preditch and postditch model scenarios showed that ditching reduced the area where the modeled water table was within 1 foot of the land surface (a wetland hydrology indicator) in as much as 40,000 acres, or 37 percent, of mapped permanent wetlands in the SLRB. An increase in the depth to the water table in wetland areas has the potential to degrade wetland persistence or function.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195033","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Ojibwe Bands","usgsCitation":"Haserodt, M.J., Hunt, R.J., Cowdery, T.K., Leaf, A.T., and Baker, A.C., 2019, Simulation of the regional groundwater-flow system in the St. Louis River Basin, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5033, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195033.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 41 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-103278","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437445,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KUJ0L3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"GFLOW Groundwater Flow Model of the St. Louis River Basin, Minnesota"},{"id":437444,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
The Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) is the principal water source for industrial and public supply in Glynn County, Georgia. Wells in active pumping centers that tap the UFA for industries near the city of Brunswick have created an upward hydraulic-head gradient in the Floridan aquifer system, which has allowed high chloride (saline) groundwater from the Fernandina permeable zone of the Lower Floridan aquifer (LFA) to migrate upward into freshwater zones. Chloride concentrations of more than 250 milligrams per liter—the State and Federal secondary drinking-water standard—have been measured in a 2-square-mile area near downtown Brunswick.
An existing regional U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference groundwater-flow model (MODFLOW-2000) was modified using greater horizontal and vertical resolution to enable more detailed simulation of the effects of pumping in the vicinity of chloride contamination. Modifications to the regional model consisted of (1) limiting grid size to a maximum of 500 feet (ft) per side in the vicinity of the chloride plume; (2) representing the upper and lower Brunswick aquifers with distinct model layers; (3) similarly, representing upper and lower water-bearing zones of the UFA with distinct model layers in Glynn and Camden Counties, Ga.; and (4) establishing new hydraulic-property geographic zones in the UFA within Glynn County. The revised groundwater-flow model was calibrated to steady-state conditions that were assumed to exist during 2000 and 2004. The calibration and framework of the revised groundwater-flow model were documented in a separate report. For the current study, steady-state conditions were calibrated using October 2015 pumping rates in the Brunswick/Glynn County area as a 2015 Base Case. The 2015 Base Case simulation was used as the basis to evaluate seven groundwater-management scenarios in the Brunswick/Glynn County area.
Seven groundwater management-scenarios were developed on the basis of short- and long-term groundwater-use projections for the UFA in the Brunswick/Glynn County area. Scenarios A and B simulated additional pumping in the upper water-bearing zone (UWBZ) of the UFA at existing public-supply wells located near a chloride plume and planned public-supply wells to be constructed north of downtown Brunswick. Scenario C simulated a shutdown at Brunswick Cellulose Inc. and Pinova Inc. and the resulting deactivation of nine production wells, with a combined total pumping of 31.3 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) for the 2015 Base Case simulation. Scenario D (three scenarios) simulated 12.5, 25, and 50 percent (designated Scenarios D1, D2, and D3) of the total pumping of 31.3 Mgal/d at Brunswick Cellulose and Pinova. The objective of Scenario D was to determine pumping rates that may reverse groundwater-flow directions toward the Brunswick Cellulose well field and potentially allow groundwater with higher chloride concentration to migrate toward nearby public-supply wells. Scenario E simulated an additional pumping of 5 Mgal/d from the UWBZ of the UFA at a recently constructed production well within the Brunswick Cellulose well field.
Backward particle-tracking (MODPATH) analysis in public-supply wells located just outside the chloride plume to the north shows that predominant groundwater-flow directions are from the northeast toward the Brunswick Cellulose well field. The analysis covered 20- and 50-year periods for the 2015 Base Case and Scenario C simulations with 100 percent of backtracked particles remaining in the UWBZ and lower water-bearing zone of the UFA. Groundwater-flow directions are characterized by some vertical movement and dominant horizontal movement away from the chloride plume in the northern Brunswick area. For the 2015 Base Case simulation, the mean rate of particle movement ranged from 268 to 413 feet per year. For the Scenario C simulation, the mean rate of particle movement ranged from 89 to 182 feet per year with 50 percent of particles migrating from the chloride plume area. The rate of particle movement is influenced most by the horizontal hydraulic-head gradient in the UWBZ of the UFA.
The revised groundwater-flow model is subject to the limitations documented in the original model. In addition, the values used for the specified-head boundaries in the Floridan aquifer system for the 2004 calibrated model were based on the sparse data available and were not changed for the 2015 update to the model. These model boundaries control 80 percent of the inflows and about 60 percent of the outflows. Composite-scaled sensitivities of the model parameters indicate the revised model is most sensitive to pumping rates, followed by the horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the UFA for zones along coastal Georgia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195035","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Brunswick-Glynn County Joint Water and Sewer Commission and the Georgia Environmental Protection Division","usgsCitation":"Cherry, G.S., 2019, Simulation of groundwater flow in the Brunswick area, Georgia, for 2004 and 2015, and selected groundwater-management scenarios: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5035, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195035.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 70 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-089920","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364052,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5035/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":364054,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
River to floodplain hydrologic connectivity is strongly enhanced by beaver- (Castor canadensis) engineered channel water diversions. The hydroecological impacts are wide ranging and generally positive, however, the hydrogeochemical characteristics of beaver-induced flowpaths have not been thoroughly examined. Using a suite of complementary ground- and drone-based heat tracing and remote sensing methodology we characterized the physical template of beaver-induced floodplain exchange for two alluvial mountain streams near Crested Butte, Colorado, USA. A flowpath-oriented perspective to water quality sampling allowed characterization of the chemical evolution of channel water diverted through floodplain beaver ponds and ultimately back to the channel in ‘beaver pond return flows’. Subsurface return flow seepages were universally suboxic, while ponds and surface return flows showed a range of oxygen concentration due to in-situ photosynthesis and atmospheric mixing. Median concentrations of reduced metals: manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and arsenic (As) were substantially higher along beaver-induced flowpaths than in geologically controlled seepages and upstream main channel locations. The areal footprint of reduced return seepage flowpaths were imaged with surface electromagnetic methods, indicating extensive zones of high-conductivity shallow groundwater flowing back toward the main channels and emerging at relatively warm bank seepage zones observed with infrared. Multiple-depth redox dynamics within one focused seepage zone showed coupled variation over time, likely driven by observed changes in seepage rate that may be controlled by pond stage. High-resolution times series of dissolved Mn and Fe collected downstream of the beaver-impacted reaches demonstrated seasonal dynamics in mixed river metal concentrations. Al time series concentrations showed proportional change to Fe at the smaller stream location, indicating chemically reduced flowpaths were sourcing Al to the channel. Overall our results indicated beaver-induced floodplain exchanges create important, and perhaps dominant, transport pathways for floodplain metals by expanding chemically-reduced zones paired with strong advective exchange.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.371","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M., Wang, C., Day-Lewis, F., Williams, K.H., Dong, W., and Lane, J., 2019, Return flows from beaver ponds enhance floodplain-to-river metals exchange in alluvial mountain catchments: Science of the Total Environment, v. 685, p. 357-369, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.371.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"369","ipdsId":"IP-108352","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1559257","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Crested Butte","otherGeospatial":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Function Science Focus Area","volume":"685","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":216358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Cheng-Hui 0000-0001-9508-7425","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-7425","contributorId":194062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Cheng-Hui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick 0000-0003-3526-886X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":216359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Kenneth H. 0000-0002-3568-1155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1155","contributorId":176791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dong, Wenming","contributorId":216360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dong","given":"Wenming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36254,"text":"LBNL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lane, John","contributorId":216361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70216494,"text":"70216494 - 2019 - Protected areas lacking for many common fluvial fishes of the conterminous USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T16:00:15.362128","indexId":"70216494","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-29T09:54:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Protected areas lacking for many common fluvial fishes of the conterminous USA","docAbstract":"To assess the effectiveness of protected areas in two catchment scales (local and network) in conserving regionally common fluvial fishes using modelled species distributions.
Conterminous United States.
A total of 150 species were selected that were geographically widespread, abundant, non‐habitat specialists and native within nine large ecoregions. Species distribution models were developed using boosted regression trees, and modelled distributions were assessed for protection status under two alternatives: lands strictly managed for biodiversity (Highly Restricted Use) and those allowing multiple uses (Multiple Use), with protection target levels (i.e., the amount of protected area required for protection) for local and network catchments being developed from ecoregion‐based urban and agricultural land use thresholds from fish responses.
Overall, less than 2% of fluvial catchments in the conterminous USA are meeting both local and network catchment protection target levels under the Highly Restricted Use alternative, whereas 16% of catchments met protection levels for the Multiple Use alternative, with protection largely concentrated in the western USA. For common native species distributions within ecoregions, only one species had >10% of streams meeting combined local and network catchment protection target levels under the Highly Restricted Use alternative, whereas 50 distributions (~14% of species distribution models) met this level under the Multiple Use alternative.
Even for fishes considered widespread and abundant, protection levels are lacking, particularly when considering only lands that are actively managed for biodiversity. Given the increasing intensification of anthropogenic activities and substantial uncertainty associated with climate change, considering the conservation status for all species, including those currently considered common, is warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.12937","usgsCitation":"Cooper, A.R., Tsang, Y., Infante, D.M., Daniel, W.M., McKerrow, A., and Wieferich, D.J., 2019, Protected areas lacking for many common fluvial fishes of the conterminous USA: Diversity and Distributions, v. 25, no. 8, p. 1289-1303, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12937.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1289","endPage":"1303","ipdsId":"IP-101901","costCenters":[{"id":38128,"text":"Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460377,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12937","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AHFPIN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Ecoregion Based Aquatic Gap Distribution Models for Common Fluvial Fishes of the Conterminous 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R.","contributorId":187646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tsang, Yin-Phang","contributorId":245142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsang","given":"Yin-Phang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7266,"text":"Michigan State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Infante, Dana M. 0000-0003-1385-1587","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1385-1587","contributorId":150821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Infante","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":18112,"text":"Dept. of Fisheries and Wildlife,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Daniel, Wesley M. 0000-0002-7656-8474","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-8474","contributorId":215451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daniel","given":"Wesley","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKerrow, Alexa 0000-0002-8312-2905 amckerrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-2905","contributorId":127753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKerrow","given":"Alexa","email":"amckerrow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wieferich, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1554-7992 dwieferich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1554-7992","contributorId":176205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieferich","given":"Daniel","email":"dwieferich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5069,"text":"Office of the AD Core Science Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70206266,"text":"70206266 - 2019 - Mortality of Tufted puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) and other alcids during an unusual mortality event in the eastern Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-29T08:38:17","indexId":"70206266","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-29T08:36:33","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality of Tufted puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) and other alcids during an unusual mortality event in the eastern Bering Sea","docAbstract":"Mass mortality events are increasing in frequency and magnitude, potentially linked with ongoing climate change. In October 2016 through January 2017, St. Paul Island situated at the shelf-edge of the Bering Sea, Alaska, experienced a mortality event of alcids (family: Alcidae), with over 350 carcasses recovered. Almost three-quarters of the carcasses were unscavenged, a rate much higher than in baseline surveys (17%), suggesting that a sudden, large deposition event overwhelmed local scavenger populations. Based on the observation that carcasses were not observed on the neighboring island of St. George, we bounded the at-sea distribution of moribund birds, and estimated all species mortality at 8,000 to 22,000 birds. The event was particularly anomalous given the late fall/winter timing of the event when low numbers of beached birds are typical; and the predominance of Tufted puffins (Fratercula cirrhata, 79% of carcass finds) and Crested auklets (Aethia cristatella, 11% of carcass finds), species that were nearly absent from long-term baseline surveys. Collected specimens were disease-free and severely emaciated, suggesting starvation as the ultimate cause of mortality. The majority (95%, N = 245) of Tufted puffins were regrowing flight feathers, indicating a potential contribution of molt stress. Immediately prior to this event, shifts in zooplankton community composition and forage fish distribution and energy density were documented in the eastern Bering Sea following a period of elevated sea surface temperatures, evidence cumulatively suggestive of a bottom-up shift in seabird prey availability. We posit that shifts in prey composition and distribution pushing birds outside of their normal fall migration pattern, combined with the onset of molt, resulted in this mortality event","language":"English","publisher":"PLos ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0216532","usgsCitation":"Jones, T., Divine, L.M., Renner, H., Knowles, S., Lefebvre, K.A., Burgess, H.K., Wright, C., and Parrish, J.K., 2019, Mortality of Tufted puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) and other alcids during an unusual mortality event in the eastern Bering Sea: PLoS ONE, v. 14, no. 5, e0216532, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216532.","productDescription":"e0216532, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-101916","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216532","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":368694,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -182.98828124999997,\n 49.15296965617042\n ],\n [\n -147.3046875,\n 49.15296965617042\n ],\n [\n -147.3046875,\n 62.59334083012024\n ],\n [\n -182.98828124999997,\n 62.59334083012024\n ],\n [\n -182.98828124999997,\n 49.15296965617042\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Timothy","contributorId":220052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40123,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Divine, Laura M.","contributorId":220056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Divine","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40124,"text":"Aleut Community of St. Paul Island Ecosystem Conservation Office, St. Paul, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Renner, Heather","contributorId":200807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renner","given":"Heather","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knowles, Susan 0000-0002-0254-6491 sknowles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-6491","contributorId":5254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Susan","email":"sknowles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lefebvre, Kathi A.","contributorId":220057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lefebvre","given":"Kathi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":40125,"text":"Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burgess, Hillary K.","contributorId":220053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgess","given":"Hillary","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":40123,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wright, Charlie","contributorId":220054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Charlie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40123,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Parrish, Julia K.","contributorId":220055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parrish","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":40123,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70217045,"text":"70217045 - 2019 - Survival cost to relocation does not reduce population self‐sustainability in an amphibian","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T13:13:47.192776","indexId":"70217045","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-29T07:00:49","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival cost to relocation does not reduce population self‐sustainability in an amphibian","docAbstract":"Relocations are increasingly popular among wildlife managers despite often low rates of relocation success in vertebrates. In this context, understanding the influence of extrinsic (e.g., relocation design, habitat characteristics) and intrinsic factors (e.g., age and sex) on demographic parameters, such as survival, that regulate the dynamics of relocated populations is critical to improve relocation protocols and better predict relocation success. We investigated survival in naturally established and relocated populations of yellow‐bellied toads (Bombina variegata), an amphibian that was nearly extinct in Belgium by the late 1980s. We quantified survival at three ontogenetic stages (juvenile, subadult, and adult) in the relocated population, the source population, and a control population. In the relocated population, we quantified survival in captive bred individuals and their locally born descendants. Then, using simulations, we examined how survival cost to relocation affects the self‐sustainability of the relocated population. We showed that survival at juvenile and subadult stages was relatively similar in all populations. In contrast, relocated adult survival was lower than adult survival in the source and control populations. Despite this, offspring of relocated animals (the next generation, regardless of life stage) survived at similar rates to individuals in the source and control populations. Simulations revealed that the relocated population was self‐sustaining under different scenarios and that the fate (e.g., stability or increase) of the simulated populations was highly dependent on the fecundity of relocated adults and their offspring. To summarize, our results indicate that survival in relocated individuals is lower than in non‐relocated individuals but that this cost (i.e., reduced survival) disappears in the second generation. A finer understanding of how relocation affects demographic processes is an important step in improving relocation success of amphibians and other animals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.1909","usgsCitation":"Cayuela, H., Gillet, L., Laudelout, A., Besnard, A., Bonnaire, E., Levionnois, P., Muths, E., Dufrene, M., and Kinet, T., 2019, Survival cost to relocation does not reduce population self‐sustainability in an amphibian: Ecological Applications, v. 29, no. 5, e01909, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1909.","productDescription":"e01909, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-102627","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/446278","text":"External Repository"},{"id":381714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"France, Belgium","otherGeospatial":"Northern France and Belgium","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 3.2958984375,\n 51.42661449707482\n ],\n [\n 1.6259765625,\n 50.958426723359935\n ],\n [\n 1.42822265625,\n 50.13466432216694\n ],\n [\n 4.592285156249999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n 5.778808593749999,\n 49.52520834197442\n ],\n [\n 6.1083984375,\n 50.21909462044748\n ],\n [\n 6.416015625,\n 50.331436330838834\n ],\n [\n 5.82275390625,\n 51.138001488062564\n ],\n [\n 4.9658203125,\n 51.49506473014368\n ],\n [\n 3.2958984375,\n 51.42661449707482\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cayuela, Hugo","contributorId":245931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayuela","given":"Hugo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49366,"text":"1Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gillet, Lilly","contributorId":245932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillet","given":"Lilly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49367,"text":"2UR BIOSE / UR TERRA, Université de Liège – Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, 2 Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laudelout, Arnaud","contributorId":245933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laudelout","given":"Arnaud","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49368,"text":"3Natagora, Département Etudes, 1 Traverse des Muses, B-5000 Namur, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Besnard, Aurelien","contributorId":245934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Besnard","given":"Aurelien","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49369,"text":"4CNRS, PSL Research University, EPHE, UM, SupAgro, IRD, INRA, UMR 5175 CEFE, F-34293 Montpellier, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonnaire, Eric","contributorId":245935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonnaire","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49370,"text":"5Office National des Forêts, Agence de Meurthe-et-Moselle, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Levionnois, Pauline","contributorId":245936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levionnois","given":"Pauline","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49371,"text":"6Office National des Forêts, Direction territoriale Grand Est, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":245922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dufrene, Marc","contributorId":245937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dufrene","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49367,"text":"2UR BIOSE / UR TERRA, Université de Liège – Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, 2 Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kinet, Thierry","contributorId":245938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinet","given":"Thierry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49368,"text":"3Natagora, Département Etudes, 1 Traverse des Muses, B-5000 Namur, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70203908,"text":"70203908 - 2019 - Active boulder movement at high Martian latitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-20T15:44:29","indexId":"70203908","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-28T15:43:30","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Active boulder movement at high Martian latitudes","docAbstract":"Lobate stony landforms occur on steep slopes at high latitudes on Mars. We demonstrate active boulder movement at seven such sites. Sub-meter-scale boulders frequently move distances of a few meters. The movement is concentrated in the vicinity of the lobate landforms but also occurs on other slopes. This provides evidence for a new, common style of activity on Mars, which may play an important role in slope degradation. It also opens the possibility that the lobate features are currently forming in the absence of significant volumes of liquid water.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019GL082293","usgsCitation":"Dundas, C.M., Mellon, M.T., Conway, S.J., and Gastineau, R., 2019, Active boulder movement at high Martian latitudes: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 46, no. 10, p. 5075-5082, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082293.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"5075","endPage":"5082","ipdsId":"IP-103956","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl082293","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mellon, Michael T.","contributorId":8603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mellon","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7037,"text":"Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conway, Susan J.","contributorId":203697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conway","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36693,"text":"University of Nantes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gastineau, Renaldo","contributorId":216393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gastineau","given":"Renaldo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39402,"text":"ISTerre","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203582,"text":"fs20193033 - 2019 - Groundwater quality in shallow aquifers in the western Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-29T09:00:56","indexId":"fs20193033","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-28T14:48:57","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-3033","displayTitle":"Groundwater Quality in Shallow Aquifers in the Western Mojave Desert, California","title":"Groundwater quality in shallow aquifers in the western Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California’s drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project (PBP) of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State’s groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. One GAMA-PBP study unit is in the western part of the Mojave Desert, where shallow aquifers provide drinking water for many rural households.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20193033","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Groover, K.D., and Goldrath, D.A., 2019, Groundwater quality in shallow aquifers in the western Mojave Desert, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3033, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193033.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-104810","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364181,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3033/fs20193033.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Fact Sheet 2019-3033"},{"id":364182,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C7U6DW","linkHelpText":"Groundwater-Quality Data in the Mojave Basin Shallow Aquifer Study Unit, 2018: Results from the California GAMA Priority Basin Project"},{"id":364180,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3033/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Western Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.42187500000001,\n 34.42503613021332\n ],\n [\n -116.86157226562499,\n 34.42616890436076\n ],\n [\n -116.85745239257811,\n 34.986128262717195\n ],\n [\n -117.43698120117189,\n 34.981627639759424\n ],\n [\n -117.42187500000001,\n 34.42503613021332\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
A geochemical time-series analysis of lavas from frequently active basaltic volcanoes has the potential to reveal the enigmatic mantle controls on volcanic behavior and hazards. In May 1924, the century-long lava lake within Halemaʻumaʻu pit crater at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano drained and the floor of Halemaʻumaʻu collapsed, triggering ∼3 weeks of phreatic explosions due to the interaction of groundwater with hot rock. For the next three decades, eruptions at Kīlauea were sporadic (the longest hiatus was from 1934 to 1952), small in volume, and short (typically <1 month long). Here, we show that the Pb isotope ratios of Kīlauea lava groundmass and tephra glass samples erupted from 1912 to 1954 are anomalous and unusually variable. Many of the samples have elevated 207Pb/204Pb ratios (at a given 206Pb/204Pb), ranging up to ∼0.05 higher than is typical for Kīlauea lavas. The variations in 206Pb/204Pb for samples from 1912–1913 (∼0.055), 1917–1921 (∼0.120), 1923 (∼0.065), and 1952–1954 (∼0.037) are larger over short time periods (∼1–4 yr) than observed during the Puʻu ʻŌʻō rift eruption (only ∼0.031 from 1986 to 2012). These Pb isotopic signatures resulted from variable amounts of crustal contamination (most likely by Pb-rich hydrothermal sulfide minerals with high 207Pb/204Pb ratios) as the parental magmas transited the ∼110 Ma Pacific oceanic crust. This crustal contamination was not directly related to the shallow volcanic events of 1924. Instead, mantle-driven processes at Kīlauea during the previous century—a factor of ∼2 decrease in the degree of partial melting of an increasingly refractory source—led to a decline in the magma supply rate, a major disruption of the magmatic plumbing system, and, for at least a decade prior to 1924, crustal contamination at or below the base of the volcanic edifice (>10 km). The Pb isotopic heterogeneity of the samples on short length (hand specimen to lava flow) and time (∼1–4 yr) scales can be explained by inefficient mixing as small batches of contaminated magma were delivered to the remnants of Kīlauea’s summit magma storage reservoir. Our results confirm that the Pb isotope ratios of basalts from ocean-island volcanoes may be significantly modified by assimilation of materials from the underlying oceanic crust. In particular, the 207Pb/204Pb ratio may be a sensitive tracer of such crustal contamination at Hawaiian shield volcanoes. Mauna Loa lavas display a factor of ∼5 more scatter towards higher 207Pb/204Pb at a given 206Pb/204Pb ratio than most Kīlauea lavas (excluding the samples from 1912 to 1954). This might be caused by more pervasive crustal contamination at Mauna Loa due to its lower magma supply rate over the last ∼4 kyr.
Time-Domain Electromagnetic (EM) methods have been used for decades in support of groundwater investigations. A new towed Time-Domain EM system called “tTEM”, designed by Aarhus University, is being tested and evaluated under a collaborative research agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The tTEM system is rapid and efficient, providing high-resolution, nearly continuous profiles of subsurface resistivity useful for hydrostratigraphic mapping and assessment of aquifer materials. Here we provide an example of a tTEM survey conducted in Jamestown, North Dakota (ND). The purpose of the ND investigation was to assess tTEM the ability of the system to map coarse-grained materials within the Spiritwood Aquifer. The tTEM survey results compare favorably with the results of an airborne EM (AEM) survey previously conducted in the area and to lithologic logs from nearby boreholes.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems","conferenceDate":"March 17-21, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Portland, Oregon","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society","doi":"10.4133/sageep.32-071","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.D., Valder, J., White, E.A., Maurya, P.K., Hisz, D., and Lane, J., 2019, Application of a towed time-domain electromagnetic (tTEM) imaging system in Jamestown, North Dakota, in Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems proceedings, Portland, Oregon, March 17-21, 2019, p. 322-325, https://doi.org/10.4133/sageep.32-071.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"322","endPage":"325","ipdsId":"IP-104263","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375110,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","city":"Jamestown","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.74477386474608,\n 46.88131503811574\n ],\n [\n -98.66546630859375,\n 46.88131503811574\n ],\n [\n -98.66546630859375,\n 46.93502645094872\n ],\n [\n -98.74477386474608,\n 46.93502645094872\n ],\n [\n -98.74477386474608,\n 46.88131503811574\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valder, Joshua 0000-0003-3733-8868 jvalder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-8868","contributorId":169312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valder","given":"Joshua","email":"jvalder@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Eric A. 0000-0002-7782-146X eawhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7782-146X","contributorId":1737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Eric","email":"eawhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":760990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maurya, Pradip Kumar","contributorId":214855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maurya","given":"Pradip","email":"","middleInitial":"Kumar","affiliations":[{"id":13419,"text":"Aarhus University, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hisz, David","contributorId":214856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hisz","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39126,"text":"North Dakota State Water Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70203059,"text":"70203059 - 2019 - Remembering F. Peter Haeni - \"What did we learn from this?\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T16:50:11.716524","indexId":"70203059","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-27T11:42:14","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Remembering F. Peter Haeni - \"What did we learn from this?\"","docAbstract":"Frederick Peter (‘Pete’) Haeni grew up on Long Island, New York, where he developed a lifelong love of the water —–a love that continued with his family in Deep River, Connecticut, and at their Eagle Island cottage in Maine. Pete was always at home on the water — whether sailing, motor boating, or collecting geophysical data. We remember Pete for a life well-lived and specifically for his contributions to and impact on the science of near-surface geophysics.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems","conferenceDate":"March 17-21, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Portland, Oregon","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society","doi":"10.4133/sageep.32-072","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.D., and Lane, J., 2019, Remembering F. Peter Haeni - \"What did we learn from this?\", in Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems proceedings, Portland, Oregon, March 17-21, 2019, p. 326-327, https://doi.org/10.4133/sageep.32-072.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"326","endPage":"327","ipdsId":"IP-103430","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375109,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70205658,"text":"70205658 - 2019 - Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (Alces alces) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-02T16:32:28","indexId":"70205658","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-27T11:26:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (Alces alces) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics","title":"Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (Alces alces) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics","docAbstract":"1. Resource selection is widely appreciated to be context‐dependent and shaped by both biological and abiotic factors. However, few studies have empirically assessed the extent to which selective foraging behaviour is dynamic and varies in response to environmental conditions for free‐ranging animal populations.\n\n2. Here, we assessed the extent that forage selection fluctuated in response to different environmental conditions for a free‐ranging herbivore, moose (Alces alces), in Isle Royale National Park, over a 10‐year period. More precisely, we assessed how moose selection for coniferous versus deciduous forage in winter varied between geographic regions and in relation to (a) the relative frequency of forage types in the environment (e.g. frequency‐dependent foraging behaviour), (b) moose abundance, (c) predation rate (by grey wolves) and (d) snow depth. These factors are potentially important for their influence on the energetics of foraging. We also built a series of food‐chain models to assess the influence of dynamic foraging strategies on the stability of food webs.\n\n3. Our analysis indicates that moose exhibited negative frequency dependence, by selectively exploiting rare resources. Frequency‐dependent foraging was further mediated by density‐dependent processes, which are likely to be predation, moose abundance or some combination of both. In particular, frequency dependence was weaker in years when predation risk was high (i.e. when the ratio of moose to wolves was relatively low). Selection for conifers was also slightly weaker during deep snow years.\n\n4. The food‐chain analysis indicates that the type of frequency‐dependent foraging strategy exhibited by herbivores had important consequences for the stability of ecological communities. In particular, the dynamic foraging strategy that we observed in the empirical analysis (i.e. negative frequency dependence being mediated by density‐dependent processes) was associated with more stable food web dynamics compared to fixed foraging strategies.\n\n5. The results of this study indicated that forage selection is a complex ecological process, varying in response to both biological (predation and moose density) and abiotic factors (snow depth) and over relatively small spatial scales (between regions). This study also provides a useful framework for assessing the influence of other aspects of foraging behaviour on the stability of food web dynamics.","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.13031","usgsCitation":"Hoy, S.R., Vucetich, J.A., Liu, R., DeAngelis, D., Peterson, R.O., Vucetich, L.M., and Henderson, J.J., 2019, Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (Alces alces) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 88, no. 9, p. 1291-1304, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13031.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1291","endPage":"1304","ipdsId":"IP-083806","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13031","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Keweenaw County","otherGeospatial":"Isle Royale National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.15130615234375,\n 47.79101617826261\n ],\n [\n -88.18450927734375,\n 48.16333749877855\n ],\n [\n -88.35067749023438,\n 48.254855515290764\n ],\n [\n -89.34768676757812,\n 47.924624978768314\n ],\n [\n -89.15130615234375,\n 47.79101617826261\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoy, Sarah R.","contributorId":219330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoy","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":39991,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Environmental Sciences at Michigan Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vucetich, John A.","contributorId":219329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vucetich","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39990,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Tech, Houghton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Rongsong","contributorId":43480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Rongsong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeAngelis, Don 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":207813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Don","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Rolf O.","contributorId":166963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vucetich, Leah M.","contributorId":219328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vucetich","given":"Leah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":39990,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Tech, Houghton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Henderson, John J.","contributorId":219327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":39990,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Tech, Houghton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70203683,"text":"70203683 - 2019 - Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis (Procellariformes), and cross-species amplification in eight other seabirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-29T11:48:03","indexId":"70203683","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-27T10:07:50","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5837,"text":"Genes and Genomics","onlineIssn":"2092-9293","printIssn":"1976-9571","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis (Procellariformes), and cross-species amplification in eight other seabirds","title":"Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis (Procellariformes), and cross-species amplification in eight other seabirds","docAbstract":"In the North Pacific, northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) forms extensive colonies in few locales, which may lead to limited gene flow and locale-specific population threats. In the Atlantic, there are thousands of colonies of varying sizes and in Europe the species is considered threatened. Prior screens and classical microsatellite development in fulmar failed to provide a suite of markers adequate for population genetics studies.
The objective of this study was to isolate a suite of polymorphic microsatellite loci with sufficient variability to quantify levels of gene flow, population affinity, and identify familial relationships in fulmar. We also performed a cross-species screening of these markers in eight other species.
We used shotgun sequencing to isolate 26 novel microsatellite markers in fulmar to screen for variability using individuals from two distinct regions: the Pacific (Chagulak Island, Alaska) and the Atlantic (Hafnarey Island, Iceland).
Polymorphism was present in 24 loci in Chagulak and 23 in Hafnarey, while one locus failed to amplify in either colony. Polymorphic loci exhibited moderate levels of genetic diversity and this suite of loci uncovered genetic structuring between the regions. Among the other species screened, polymorphism was present in one to seven loci.
The loci yielded sufficient variability for use in population studies and estimation of familial relationships; as few as five loci provide resolution to determine individual identity. These markers will allow further insight into the global population dynamics and phylogeography of fulmars. We also demonstrated some markers are transferable to other species.
The Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) aquifer system is a vital resource that supports agriculture in one of the most productive regions of the country. The U.S. Geological Survey Water Availability and Use Science Program (WAUSP) is conducting a multi-discipline investigation of the MAP aquifer system. The investigation is utilizing borehole, surface, and airborne geophysical methods to improve the characterization and understanding of the aquifer. The combination of geophysical data collected over a range of spatial scales with varying depths of investigation and resolution is key to determining the distribution of sand and clay within the aquifer. Mobile geophysical methods that enable continuous measurements over large areas improve aquifer characterization with their increased spatial coverage. In support of the MAP investigation, a new towed Time-Domain Electromagnetic (tTEM) imaging system developed by Aarhus University was used near Shellmound, Mississippi (MS), to delineate the distribution of coarse- and fine-grained sediments underlying the site. The tTEM results compare favorably with the results of airborne EM (AEM) surveys flown in the study and improve the resolution of sand and gravel distribution within the tTEM depth of investigation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2019","conferenceDate":"March 17-21, 2019","conferenceLocation":"Portland, OR","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society","doi":"10.4133/sageep.32-016","usgsCitation":"White, E.A., Johnson, C., Maurya, P.K., Kress, W., Kelly, D.B., and Lane, J.W., 2019, Use of a towed electromagnetic induction (tTem) system for shallow aquifer characterization – An example from the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, in Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems proceedings, Portland, OR, March 17-21, 2019, p. 63-66, https://doi.org/10.4133/sageep.32-016.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"66","ipdsId":"IP-103435","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","city":"Shellmound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.24645148318145,\n 33.628648000356236\n ],\n [\n -90.29175347584369,\n 33.628648000356236\n ],\n [\n -90.29175347584369,\n 33.56979122683195\n ],\n [\n -90.24645148318145,\n 33.56979122683195\n ],\n [\n -90.24645148318145,\n 33.628648000356236\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Eric A. 0000-0002-7782-146X eawhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7782-146X","contributorId":1737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Eric","email":"eawhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":886809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":245365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maurya, Pradip Kumar","contributorId":214855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maurya","given":"Pradip","email":"","middleInitial":"Kumar","affiliations":[{"id":13419,"text":"Aarhus University, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kress, Wade 0000-0002-6833-028X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6833-028X","contributorId":203539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"Wade","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelly, David B.","contributorId":331136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":79132,"text":"Delta Joint Water Management District, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lane, John W. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":219742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}