Extensive information about the construction of dams or potential downstream hazards in the event of a dam breach is not available for many small reservoirs within the Black Hills National Forest. In 2009, the U.S. Forest Service identified the need for reconnaissance-level dam-breach assessments for four of these reservoirs within the Black Hills National Forest (Iron Creek, Horsethief, Lakota, and Mitchell Lakes) with the potential to flood downstream structures. Flood hydrology and dam-breach hydraulic analyses for the four selected reservoirs were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Forest service to estimate the areal extent of downstream inundation. Three high-flow breach scenarios were considered for cases when the dam is in place (overtopped) and when a dam break (failure) occurs: the 100-year recurrence 24-hour precipitation, 500-year recurrence peak flow, and the probable maximum precipitation. Inundation maps were developed that show the estimated extent of downstream floodwaters from simulated scenarios. Simulation results were used to determine the hazard classification of a dam break (high, significant, or low), based primarily on the potential for loss of life or property damage resulting from downstream inundation because of the flood surge.
The inflow design floods resulting from the two simulated storm events (100-year 24-hour and probable maximum precipitation) were determined using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS). The inflow design flood for the 500-year recurrence peak flow was determined by using regional regression equations developed for streamflow-gaging stations with similar watershed characteristics. The step-backwater hydraulic analysis model, Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), was used to determine water-surface profiles of in-place and dam-break scenarios for the three inflow design floods that were simulated. Inundation maps for in-place and dam-break scenarios were developed for the area downstream from the dam to the mouth of each stream.
Dam-break scenarios for three of the four reservoirs assessed in this study were rated as low hazards owing to absence of permanent structures downstream from the dams. Iron Creek Lake's downstream channel to its mouth does not include any permanent structures within the inundation flood plains. For the two reservoirs with the largest watershed areas, Lakota and Mitchell Lake, the additional floodwater surge resulting from a dam break would be minor relative to the magnitude of the large flood streamflow into the reservoirs, based on the similar areal extent of inundation for the in-place and dam-break scenarios as indicated by the developed maps. A dam-break scenario at Horsethief Lake is rated as a significant hazard because of potential lives-in-jeopardy in downstream dwellings and appreciable economic loss.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20115011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Hoogestraat, G., 2011, Flood hydrology and dam-breach hydraulic analyses of four reservoirs in the Black Hills, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5011, vi, 24 p, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115011.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5011.jpg"},{"id":14498,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Black Hills National Forest, Horsethief Lake, Iron Creek Lake, Lakota Lake, Mitchell Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104,43.75 ], [ -104,44.5 ], [ -103,44.5 ], [ -103,43.75 ], [ -104,43.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5ef046","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoogestraat, Galen K.","contributorId":22442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoogestraat","given":"Galen K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9000601,"text":"sim3148 - 2011 - Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, west-central Florida, September 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:51","indexId":"sim3148","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3148","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, west-central Florida, September 2010","docAbstract":"This report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District, is part of a semi-annual series of Upper Floridan aquifer potentiometric-surface map reports for west-central Florida. Potentiometric surface maps have been prepared for January 1964, May 1969, May 1971, May 1973, May 1974, and for each May and September since 1975. Water-level data are collected in May and September each year to show the approximate annual low and high water-level conditions, respectively. This map report shows the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer measured in September 2010. The potentiometric surface is an imaginary surface connecting points of equal altitude to which water will rise in tightly-cased wells that tap a confined aquifer system (Lohman, 1979). This map represents water-level conditions near the end of the wet season, when groundwater levels usually are at an annual high and withdrawals for agricultural use typically are low. The cumulative average rainfall of 53.17 inches for west-central Florida (from October 2009 through September 2010) was 0.41 inches above the historical cumulative average of 52.76 inches (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2010). Historical cumulative averages are calculated from regional rainfall summary reports (1915 to most recent complete calendar year) and are updated monthly by the Southwest Florida Water Management District.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3148","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the\r\nSouthwest Florida Water Management District ","usgsCitation":"Ortiz, A., 2011, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, west-central Florida, September 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3148, Map Sheet: 34 inches x 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3148.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 34 inches x 34 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":282,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center-Tampa","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3148.jpg"},{"id":19212,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3148/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.25,26.5 ], [ -84.25,30 ], [ -81,30 ], [ -81,26.5 ], [ -84.25,26.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cd76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ortiz, A.G.","contributorId":53357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9000600,"text":"ofr20101291 - 2011 - Partnership of Environmental Education and Research-A compilation of student research, 1999-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T13:30:35","indexId":"ofr20101291","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1291","title":"Partnership of Environmental Education and Research-A compilation of student research, 1999-2008","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Tennessee Water Science Center and the College of Engineering and Technology at Tennessee State University developed a Partnership in Environmental Education and Research (PEER) to support environmental research at TSU and to expand the environmental research capabilities of the USGS in Tennessee. The PEER program is driven by the research needs to better define the occurrence, fate, and transport of contaminants in groundwater and surface water. Research in the PEER program has primarily focused on the transport and remediation of organic contamination in karst settings. Research conducted through the program has also expanded to a variety of media and settings. Research areas include contaminant occurrence and transport, natural and enhanced bioremediation, geochemical conditions in karst aquifers, mathematical modeling for contaminant transport and degradation, new methods to evaluate groundwater contamination, the resuspension of bacteria from sediment in streams, the use of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence to identify the presence of contaminants, and contaminant remediation in wetlands. The PEER program has increased research and education opportunities for students in the College of Engineering, Technology, and Computer Science and has provided students with experience in presenting the results of their research. Students in the program have participated in state, regional, national and international conferences with more than 140 presentations since 1998 and more than 40 student awards. The PEER program also supports TSU outreach activities and efforts to increase minority participation in environmental and earth science programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. TSU students and USGS staff participate in the TSU summer programs for elementary and high school students to promote earth sciences. The 2007 summer camps included more than 130 students from 20 different States and Washington DC.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101291","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the College of Engineering, Technology, and Computer Science, Tennessee State University","usgsCitation":"2011, Partnership of Environmental Education and Research-A compilation of student research, 1999-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1291, viii, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101291.","productDescription":"viii, 67 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1999-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":19211,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1291/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1291.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 90.5,35 ], [ 90.5,36.5 ], [ 83,36.5 ], [ 83,35 ], [ 90.5,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6889dc","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bradley, Mike 0000-0002-2979-265X mbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-265X","contributorId":582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Mike","email":"mbradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721221,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armstrong, Patrice","contributorId":26386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Patrice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721222,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byl, Thomas D. 0000-0001-6907-9149 tdbyl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6907-9149","contributorId":583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byl","given":"Thomas","email":"tdbyl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721223,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":99051,"text":"ofr20101289 - 2011 - Microphotographs of cyanobacteria documenting the effects of various cell-lysis techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T18:44:19.204325","indexId":"ofr20101289","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1289","title":"Microphotographs of cyanobacteria documenting the effects of various cell-lysis techniques","docAbstract":"Cyanotoxins are a group of organic compounds biosynthesized intracellularly by many species of cyanobacteria found in surface water. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has listed cyanotoxins on the Safe Drinking Water Act's Contaminant Candidate List 3 for consideration for future regulation to protect public health. Cyanotoxins also pose a risk to humans and other organisms in a variety of other exposure scenarios. Accurate and precise analytical measurements of cyanotoxins are critical to the evaluation of concentrations in surface water to address the human health and ecosystem effects. A common approach to total cyanotoxin measurement involves cell membrane disruption to release the cyanotoxins to the dissolved phase followed by filtration to remove cellular debris. Several methods have been used historically, however no standard protocols exist to ensure this process is consistent between laboratories before the dissolved phase is measured by an analytical technique for cyanotoxin identification and quantitation. No systematic evaluation has been conducted comparing the multiple laboratory sample processing techniques for physical disruption of cell membrane or cyanotoxins recovery. Surface water samples collected from lakes, reservoirs, and rivers containing mixed assemblages of organisms dominated by cyanobacteria, as well as laboratory cultures of species-specific cyanobacteria, were used as part of this study evaluating multiple laboratory cell-lysis techniques in partnership with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Evaluated extraction techniques included boiling, autoclaving, sonication, chemical treatment, and freeze-thaw. Both treated and untreated samples were evaluated for cell membrane integrity microscopically via light, epifluorescence, and epifluorescence in the presence of a DNA stain. The DNA stain, which does not permeate live cells with intact membrane structures, was used as an indicator for cyanotoxin release into the dissolved phase. Of the five techniques, sonication (at 70 percent) was most effective at complete cell destruction while QuikLyse (Trademarked) was least effective. Autoclaving, boiling, and sequential freeze-thaw were moderately effective in physical destruction of colonies and filaments.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101289","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Rosen, B.H., Loftin, K.A., Smith, C.E., Lane, R., and Keydel, S.P., 2011, Microphotographs of cyanobacteria documenting the effects of various cell-lysis techniques: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1289, xvii, 203 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101289.","productDescription":"xvii, 203 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":14495,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1289/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116967,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1289.bmp"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e505","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosen, Barry H. 0000-0002-8016-3939 brosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-3939","contributorId":2844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Barry","email":"brosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, Keith A. 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Christopher E.","contributorId":20026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lane, Rachael F. 0000-0001-9202-0612","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9202-0612","contributorId":22448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"Rachael F.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keydel, Susan P.","contributorId":70076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keydel","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":9000602,"text":"sir20105252 - 2011 - Concentrations, loads, and yields of nutrients and suspended sediment in the South Pacolet, North Pacolet, and Pacolet Rivers, northern South Carolina and southwestern North Carolina, October 2005 to September 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T10:51:51","indexId":"sir20105252","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5252","title":"Concentrations, loads, and yields of nutrients and suspended sediment in the South Pacolet, North Pacolet, and Pacolet Rivers, northern South Carolina and southwestern North Carolina, October 2005 to September 2009","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Spartanburg Water, evaluated the concentrations, loads, and yields of suspended sediment, dissolved ammonia, dissolved nitrate plus nitrite, total organic nitrogen, total nitrogen, dissolved orthophosphate, dissolved phosphorus, and total phosphorus at sites in the South Pacolet, North Pacolet, and Pacolet Rivers in northern South Carolina and southwestern North Carolina from October 1, 2005, to September 30, 2009 (water years 2006 to 2009). Nutrient and sediment loads and yields also were computed for the intervening subbasin of the Pacolet River not represented by the South and North Pacolet River Basins. Except for a few outliers, the majority of the measurements of total nitrogen concentrations were well below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommended guideline of 0.69 milligram per liter for streams and rivers in the nutrient ecoregion IX, which includes the study area within the Pacolet River Basin. Dissolved orthophosphate, dissolved phosphorus, and total phosphorus concentrations were significantly lower at the South Pacolet River site compared to the North Pacolet and Pacolet River sites. About 90 percent of the total phosphorus concentrations at the South Pacolet River site were below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommended guideline of 0.37 milligram per liter, and more than 75 percent of the total phosphorus concentrations at the North Pacolet and Pacolet River sites were above that guideline. At all sites, minimum annual nutrient loads for the estimation period were observed during water year 2008 when severe drought conditions were present. An estimated mean annual total nitrogen load of 37,770 kilograms per year and yield of 2.63 kilograms per hectare per year were determined for the South Pacolet River site for the estimation period. The North Pacolet River site had a mean annual total nitrogen load of 65,890 kilograms per year and yield of 2.19 kilograms per hectare per year. The Pacolet River had a mean annual total nitrogen load of 99,780 kilograms per year and yield of 1.82 kilograms per hectare per year. Mean annual total phosphorus loads of 2,576; 9,404; and 11,710 kilograms per year and yields of 0.180, 0.313, and 0.213 kilograms per hectare per year were estimated at the South Pacolet, North Pacolet, and Pacolet River sites, respectively. Annually, the intervening subbasin of the Pacolet River contributed negligible amounts of total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads, and large losses of dissolved nitrate plus nitrite and orthophosphate loads were determined for the subbasin. Biological (algal) uptake in the two reservoirs in this intervening area was considered the likely explanation for the loss of these constituents. Estimated mean annual suspended-sediment loads were 21,190,000; 9,895,000; and 6,547,000 kilograms per year at the South Pacolet, North Pacolet, and Pacolet River sites, respectively. In the intervening Pacolet River subbasin, computed annual suspended-sediment loads were consistently negative, indicating large percentage losses in annual suspended-sediment load. Sedimentation processes in the two reservoirs are the most likely explanations for these apparent losses. At all sites, the winter season tended to have the highest estimated seasonal dissolved orthophosphate and dissolved nitrate plus nitrite fluxes, and the summer and fall seasons tended to have the lowest fluxes. The reverse pattern, however, was observed in the intervening drainage area in the Pacolet River where the lowest fluxes of dissolved orthophosphate and nitrate plus nitrite occurred during the winter and spring seasons and the highest occurred during the summer and fall seasons. Synoptic samples were collected during a high-flow event in August 2009 at eight sites that represented shoreline and minor tributary drainages. The South Pacolet River site was identified as contributing greater than 80 percent of the cumulative nutrient and sediment l","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105252","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Spartanburg Water, Spartanburg, South Carolina","usgsCitation":"Journey, C.A., Caldwell, A.W., Feaster, T., Petkewich, M.D., and Bradley, P.M., 2011, Concentrations, loads, and yields of nutrients and suspended sediment in the South Pacolet, North Pacolet, and Pacolet Rivers, northern South Carolina and southwestern North Carolina, October 2005 to September 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5252, x, 44 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105252.","productDescription":"x, 44 p.; Appendices","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5252.jpg"},{"id":19213,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5252/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"North Pacolet River, Pacolet River, South Pacolet River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a48a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, Andral W. 0000-0003-1269-5463 acaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-5463","contributorId":3228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Andral","email":"acaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feaster, Toby D. 0000-0002-5626-5011 tfeaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-5011","contributorId":1109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"Toby D.","email":"tfeaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petkewich, Mattew D.","contributorId":76421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"Mattew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":99047,"text":"ofr20101288 - 2011 - Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic geophysical survey data, Swedeburg and Sprague study areas, eastern Nebraska, May 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:05","indexId":"ofr20101288","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1288","title":"Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic geophysical survey data, Swedeburg and Sprague study areas, eastern Nebraska, May 2009","docAbstract":"This report is a release of digital data from a helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic survey conducted by Fugro Airborne Surveys in areas of eastern Nebraska as part of a joint hydrologic study by the Lower Platte North and Lower Platte South Natural Resources Districts, and the U.S. Geological Survey. The survey flight lines covered 1,418.6 line km (882 line mile). The survey was flown from April 22 to May 2, 2009. The objective of the contracted survey was to improve the understanding of the relation between surface water and groundwater systems critical to developing groundwater models used in management programs for water resources. \r\nThe electromagnetic equipment consisted of six different coil-pair orientations that measured resistivity at separate frequencies from about 400 hertz to about 140,000 hertz. The electromagnetic data were converted to georeferenced electrical resistivity grids and maps for each frequency that represent different approximate depths of investigation for each survey area. The electrical resistivity data were input into a numerical inversion to estimate resistivity variations with depth. In addition to the electromagnetic data, total field magnetic data and digital elevation data were collected. Data released in this report consist of flight line data, digital grids, digital databases of the inverted electrical resistivity with depth, and digital maps of the apparent resistivity and total magnetic field. The range of subsurface investigation is comparable to the depth of shallow aquifers. The survey areas, Swedeburg and Sprague, were chosen based on results from test flights in 2007 in eastern Nebraska and needs of local water managers. The geophysical and hydrologic information from U.S. Geological Survey studies are being used by resource managers to develop groundwater resource plans for the area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101288","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the Lower Platte North and Lower Platte South Natural Resources Districts","usgsCitation":"Smith, B.D., Abraham, J., Cannia, J.C., Minsley, B., Ball, L., Steele, G.V., and Deszcz-Pan, M., 2011, Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic geophysical survey data, Swedeburg and Sprague study areas, eastern Nebraska, May 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1288, v, 31 p.; Figures; Tables; Appendices; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101288.","productDescription":"v, 31 p.; Figures; Tables; Appendices; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2009-04-22","temporalEnd":"2009-05-02","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1288.png"},{"id":14490,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1288/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.5,40.5 ], [ -97.5,41.25 ], [ -95.75,41.25 ], [ -95.75,40.5 ], [ -97.5,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635de2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, B. 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J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ball, L.B.","contributorId":37683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steele, G. 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Samples were collected at least monthly during 2002-05 and included 30 source- and 13 finished-water samples. The samples were analyzed for pesticides and selected pesticide degradates (or 'breakdown products'), solvents, gasoline hydrocarbons, disinfection by-products, personal-care and domestic-use products, and other organic compounds.\r\n\r\nCommunity water systems are required to monitor for compounds regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Most of the compounds tested in this study are not regulated under U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) federal drinking-water standards (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2007a). The White River study is part of the ongoing Source Water-Quality Assessment (SWQA) investigation of community water systems that withdraw from rivers across the United States. More detailed information and references on the sampling-design methodology, specific compounds monitored, and the national study are described by Carter and others (2007).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103120","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program","usgsCitation":"Lathrop, T., and Moran, D., 2011, Organic compounds in White River water used for public supply near Indianapolis, Indiana, 2002-05: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3120, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103120.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3120.jpg"},{"id":14492,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3120/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.25,39.75 ], [ -86.25,40.333333333333336 ], [ -84.75,40.333333333333336 ], [ -84.75,39.75 ], [ -86.25,39.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db61098b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lathrop, Tim","contributorId":64592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lathrop","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Dan","contributorId":99077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":99050,"text":"ofr20111010 - 2011 - Project plan-Surficial geologic mapping and hydrogeologic framework studies in the Greater Platte River Basins (Central Great Plains) in support of ecosystem and climate change research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:15","indexId":"ofr20111010","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1010","title":"Project plan-Surficial geologic mapping and hydrogeologic framework studies in the Greater Platte River Basins (Central Great Plains) in support of ecosystem and climate change research","docAbstract":"The Greater Platte River Basin area spans a central part of the Midcontinent and Great Plains from the Rocky Mountains on the west to the Missouri River on the east, and is defined to include drainage areas of the Platte, Niobrara, and Republican Rivers, the Rainwater Basin, and other adjoining areas overlying the northern High Plains aquifer. The Greater Platte River Basin contains abundant surficial deposits that were sensitive to, or are reflective of, the climate under which they formed: deposits from multiple glaciations in the mountain headwaters of the North and South Platte Rivers and from continental ice sheets in eastern Nebraska; fluvial terraces (ranging from Tertiary to Holocene in age) along the rivers and streams; vast areas of eolian sand in the Nebraska Sand Hills and other dune fields (recording multiple episodes of dune activity); thick sequences of windblown silt (loess); and sediment deposited in numerous lakes and wetlands. In addition, the Greater Platte River Basin overlies and contributes surface water to the High Plains aquifer, a nationally important groundwater system that underlies parts of eight states and sustains one of the major agricultural areas of the United States. The area also provides critical nesting habitat for birds such as plovers and terns, and roosting habitat for cranes and other migratory birds that travel through the Central Flyway of North America. This broad area, containing fragile ecosystems that could be further threatened by changes in climate and land use, has been identified by the USGS and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln as a region where intensive collaborative research could lead to a better understanding of climate change and what might be done to adapt to or mitigate its adverse effects to ecosystems and to humans. The need for robust data on the geologic framework of ecosystems in the Greater Platte River Basin has been acknowledged in proceedings from the 2008 Climate Change Workshop and in draft reports by researchers developing a multidisciplinary science plan for the Greater Platte River Basin.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111010","usgsCitation":"Berry, M.E., Lundstrom, S.C., Slate, J.L., Muhs, D.R., Sawyer, D.A., and VanSistine, D., 2011, Project plan-Surficial geologic mapping and hydrogeologic framework studies in the Greater Platte River Basins (Central Great Plains) in support of ecosystem and climate change research: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1010, vi, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111010.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1010.png"},{"id":14494,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d9eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Margaret E. 0000-0002-4113-8212 meberry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4113-8212","contributorId":1544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Margaret","email":"meberry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lundstrom, Scott C. 0000-0003-4149-2219 sclundst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-2219","contributorId":2446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"Scott","email":"sclundst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slate, Janet L. 0000-0002-2870-9068 jslate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2870-9068","contributorId":252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slate","given":"Janet","email":"jslate@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sawyer, David A. dsawyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"David","email":"dsawyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"VanSistine, D. 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Paco","email":"dvansistine@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":99046,"text":"fs20103050 - 2011 - Breccia-pipe uranium mining in northern Arizona: Estimate of resources and assessment of historical effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-15T20:07:57.514157","indexId":"fs20103050","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3050","title":"Breccia-pipe uranium mining in northern Arizona: Estimate of resources and assessment of historical effects","docAbstract":"About 1 million acres of Federal land in the Grand Canyon region of Arizona were temporarily withdrawn from new mining claims in July 2009 by the Secretary of the Interior because of concern that increased uranium mining could have negative impacts on the land, water, people, and wildlife. During a 2-year interval, a Federal team led by the Bureau of Land Management is evaluating the effects of withdrawing these lands for extended periods. As part of this team, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a series of short-term studies to examine the historical effects of breccia-pipe uranium mining in the region. The USGS studies provide estimates of uranium resources affected by the possible land withdrawal, examine the effects of previous breccia-pipe mining, summarize water-chemistry data for streams and springs, and investigate potential biological pathways of exposure to uranium and associated contaminants. This fact sheet summarizes results through December 2009 and outlines further research needs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103050","usgsCitation":"Bills, D., Brown, K.M., Alpine, A.E., Otton, J.K., Van Gosen, B.S., Hinck, J.E., and Tillman, F., 2011, Breccia-pipe uranium mining in northern Arizona: Estimate of resources and assessment of historical effects: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3050, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103050.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3050.gif"},{"id":410565,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94913.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14489,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3050/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.1167,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -113.1167,\n 35.7333\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 35.7333\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -113.1167,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fca35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bills, Donald J. djbills@usgs.gov","contributorId":4180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"Donald J.","email":"djbills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Kristin M.","contributorId":17181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alpine, Andrea E.","contributorId":54927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpine","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Otton, James K. jkotton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otton","given":"James","email":"jkotton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hinck, Jo Ellen 0000-0002-4912-5766","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4912-5766","contributorId":38507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"Jo","email":"","middleInitial":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":1629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred D.","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":99043,"text":"ds555 - 2011 - Nutrient Enrichment Study Data from the Upper, Middle, and Lower Sections of the Non-Tidal Delaware River, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:15","indexId":"ds555","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"555","title":"Nutrient Enrichment Study Data from the Upper, Middle, and Lower Sections of the Non-Tidal Delaware River, 2009","docAbstract":"The Delaware River Basin Commission is charged with establishing water-quality objectives for the tidal and non-tidal portions of the Delaware River, which include developing nutrient standards that are scientifically defensible. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Delaware River Basin Commission and the Academy of Natural Sciences, studied the effects of nutrient enrichment in the upper, middle, and lower sections of the non-tidal Delaware River. Algal samples were collected from the natural habitat using rock scrapes and from the artificial nutrient enrichment samplers, Matlock periphytometers. The knowledge gained from this study is to be used in helping determine appropriate nutrient criteria for the Delaware River in the oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic sections of the river and is a first step toward gathering data that can be used in selecting nutrient effect levels or criteria thresholds for aquatic-life use protection. 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During water year 2007, eight monitoring stations were operated throughout the basin. Streamflow data were collected at all but one of these sites. This report presents a comparison of the water-quality and streamflow data collected at each monitoring station from monitor installation through water year 2006 with the data for water year 2007. Data were compiled monthly and annually to identify extreme values by season and for entire periods of study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111008","usgsCitation":"Piatt, D.R., Johnston, M.W., Bragg, H., Brooks, A.M., Sobieszczyk, S., and Uhrich, M.A., 2011, Water-quality in the North Santiam River Basin, Oregon— Comparison of water-quality data for water year 2007 with the preceding period of record: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1008, x, 75 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111008.","productDescription":"x, 75 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-10-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1008.jpg"},{"id":390354,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94912.htm"},{"id":14484,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"North Santiam River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.8333,\n 44.4625\n ],\n [\n -121.75,\n 44.4625\n ],\n [\n -121.75,\n 44.8333\n ],\n [\n -122.8333,\n 44.8333\n ],\n [\n -122.8333,\n 44.4625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e56fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatt, David R. 0000-0002-6442-5505 dpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6442-5505","contributorId":1148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"David","email":"dpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, Matthew W. mattj@usgs.gov","contributorId":3066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Matthew","email":"mattj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bragg, Heather M. hmbragg@usgs.gov","contributorId":428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"Heather M.","email":"hmbragg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooks, Amy M. ambrooks@usgs.gov","contributorId":4020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Amy","email":"ambrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sobieszczyk, Steven 0000-0002-0834-8437 ssobie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0834-8437","contributorId":885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sobieszczyk","given":"Steven","email":"ssobie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Uhrich, Mark A. 0000-0002-5202-8086 mauhrich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5202-8086","contributorId":1149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uhrich","given":"Mark","email":"mauhrich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":99039,"text":"fs20113010 - 2011 - Coal-tar-based pavement sealcoat, polycyclic aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), and environmental health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T16:03:20","indexId":"fs20113010","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3010","title":"Coal-tar-based pavement sealcoat, polycyclic aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), and environmental health","docAbstract":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have identified coal-tar-based sealcoat-the black, viscous liquid sprayed or painted on asphalt pavement such as parking lots-as a major source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in urban areas for large parts of the Nation. Several PAHs are suspected human carcinogens and are toxic to aquatic life.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, Virginia","doi":"10.3133/fs20113010","usgsCitation":"Mahler, B., and Van Metre, P., 2011, Coal-tar-based pavement sealcoat, polycyclic aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), and environmental health: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3010, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113010.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3010.gif"},{"id":14479,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aec38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahler, B.J.","contributorId":36888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Metre, P. 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Although these maps provide useful historical information, technological limitations prevented these and other mapping efforts from providing sufficiently detailed calculations of areal changes and shifts in habitat coverage. The current analysis of habitat change draws upon these past mapping efforts but is based on an advanced, geographic information system dataset that was created by using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper imagery and digital orthophoto quarter quadrangles. The objective of building this dataset was to more specifically define land-water relationships over time in coastal Louisiana, and it provides the most detailed analysis of vegetation shifts to date. In the current study, we have attempted to explain these vegetation shifts by interpreting them in the context of rainfall records, data from the Palmer Drought Severity Index, and salinity data.\r\nDuring the 23 years we analyzed, total marsh acreage decreased, with conversion of marsh to open water. Furthermore, the general trend across coastal Louisiana was a shift to increasingly fresh marsh types. Although fresh marsh remained almost the same during the 1978-88 study period, there were greater increases during the 1988-2001 study periods. Intermediate marsh followed the same pattern, whereas brackish marsh showed a reverse (decreasing) pattern. Changes in saline (saltwater) marsh were minimal.\r\nInterpreting shifts in marsh vegetation types by using climate and salinity data provides better understanding of factors influencing these changes and, therefore, can improve our ability to make predictions about future marsh loss related to vegetation changes. Results of our study indicate that precipitation fluctuations prior to vegetation surveys impacted salinities differently across the coast. For example, a wet 6 months prior to the survey may or may not have made up for a dry period during the earlier 12 months. More research is needed to better understand rainfall periods and how they affect salinity changes.\r\nThe ability to understand past dynamics and to anticipate future trends in vegetation change and related land loss in the coastal region of Louisiana is a vital part of ongoing and future efforts to conserve its critical wetland ecosystem. With the loss of marsh and resultant changes in hydrology, it is likely that changes in marsh type may show greater variation in the future, even if given only minor changes in precipitation levels. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101282","usgsCitation":"Linscombe, R.G., and Hartley, S.B., 2011, Analysis of change in marsh types of coastal Louisiana, 1978-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1282, viii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101282.","productDescription":"viii, 52 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1978-01-01","temporalEnd":"2001-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1282.png"},{"id":14480,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1282/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6806a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linscombe, Robert G.","contributorId":36886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linscombe","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartley, Stephen B. 0000-0003-1380-2769 hartleys@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-2769","contributorId":4164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartley","given":"Stephen","email":"hartleys@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199997,"text":"70199997 - 2011 - Late quaternary climate variations reflected in Baltic Sea sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T15:33:16","indexId":"70199997","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-09T10:08:47","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Late quaternary climate variations reflected in Baltic Sea sediments","docAbstract":"Late Pleistocene to Holocene climate change of the Atlantic and the northern European realm is reflected by the facies of sediments in the Baltic Sea. The sedimentary sequence have been subdivided into zones reflecting the main postglacial stages of the Baltic Sea basin development according to sediment echosounder profiling and investigating sediment cores from the central Baltic. The changes in the environment of Baltic Sea bottom water is displayed by sediment physical, geochemical, and microfossil proxies. These proxies mark the main shift in the sedimentary facies of the Baltic Basin at 8.14 cal. years BP, from a freshwater to a brackish/marine environment due to the Littorina transgression of marine water masses from the North Sea. The downhole physical facies variation from the Eastern Gotland can be correlated basinwide. Thickness maps of the freshwater and the brackish sediments ascribe the general change in the hydrographic circulation from a coast-to-basin to a basin-to-basin system along with the Littorina transgression. Variations in the salinity of the brackish Littorina Baltic Basin are attributed to changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) ascribing the wind forces driving the inflow of marine water into the Baltic Basin. Time series analysis of facies variation reveals distinct periodicities of 900 and 1,500 years. These periods can be compared with data from North Atlantic marine sediments and Greenland ice cores identifying global climate change effects in Baltic Basin sediments.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Baltic Sea basin: Central and Eastern European development studeis","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-17220-5_5","isbn":"9783642172199","usgsCitation":"Harff, J., Endler, R., Emelyanov, E., Kotov, S., Leipe, T., Moros, M., Olea, R.A., Tomczak, M., and Witkowski, A., 2011, Late quaternary climate variations reflected in Baltic Sea sediments, chap. of The Baltic Sea basin: Central and Eastern European development studeis, p. 99-132, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17220-5_5.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"132","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Baltic Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 9.5,53.89 ], [ 9.5,65.59 ], [ 30.24,65.59 ], [ 30.24,53.89 ], [ 9.5,53.89 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10c221e4b034bf6a7f1746","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Harff, Jan","contributorId":63957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harff","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747698,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjorck, S.","contributorId":22590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjorck","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747699,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoth, P.","contributorId":37215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoth","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747700,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Harff, Jan","contributorId":63957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harff","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Endler, R.","contributorId":24232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Endler","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emelyanov, Emel","contributorId":208557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emelyanov","given":"Emel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kotov, S.","contributorId":8257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotov","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leipe, Thomas","contributorId":208558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leipe","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moros, M.","contributorId":49597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moros","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808 rolea@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":208109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo","email":"rolea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tomczak, Michal","contributorId":208560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomczak","given":"Michal","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Witkowski, Andrzej","contributorId":208561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witkowski","given":"Andrzej","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":99037,"text":"fs20113012 - 2011 - Three experimental high-flow releases from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona— Effects on the downstream Colorado River ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-20T20:49:55.173914","indexId":"fs20113012","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3012","title":"Three experimental high-flow releases from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona— Effects on the downstream Colorado River ecosystem","docAbstract":"Three high-flow experiments (HFEs) were conducted by the U.S. Department of the Interior at Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona, in March 1996, November 2004, and March 2008. Also known as artificial or controlled floods, these scheduled releases of water above the dam's powerplant capacity were designed to mimic pre-dam seasonal flooding on the Colorado River. The goal of the HFEs was to determine whether high flows could be used to benefit important downstream resources in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area and Grand Canyon National Park that have been affected by the existence and operation of Glen Canyon Dam. These downstream resources include native fish, particularly endangered humpback chub (Gila cypha), terrestrial and aquatic sandbar habitats, cultural sites, and recreational resources. This Fact Sheet summarizes HFE-related studies published since 1996 and outlines a possible strategy for implementing future HFEs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20113012","collaboration":"Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center","usgsCitation":"Melis, T., Grams, P.E., Kennedy, T., Ralston, B., Robinson, C.T., Schmidt, J.C., Schmit, L.M., Valdez, R., and Wright, S., 2011, Three experimental high-flow releases from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona— Effects on the downstream Colorado River ecosystem: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3012, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113012.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3012.gif"},{"id":388262,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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A.","contributorId":19210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"Richard A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wright, Scott 0000-0002-0387-5713 sawright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5713","contributorId":1536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Scott","email":"sawright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":99038,"text":"cir1366 - 2011 - Effects of three high-flow experiments on the Colorado River ecosystem downstream from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:35","indexId":"cir1366","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1366","title":"Effects of three high-flow experiments on the Colorado River ecosystem downstream from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona","docAbstract":"Three high-flow experiments (HFEs) were conducted by the U.S. Department of the Interior at Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona, in March 1996, November 2004, and March 2008. These experiments, also known as artificial or controlled floods, were large-volume, scheduled releases of water from Glen Canyon Dam that were designed to mimic some aspects of pre-dam Colorado River seasonal flooding. The goal of these experiments was to determine whether high flows could be used to benefit important physical and biological resources in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area and Grand Canyon National Park that had been affected by the operation of Glen Canyon Dam. Efforts such as HFEs that seek to maintain and restore downstream resources are undertaken by the U.S. Department of the Interior under the auspices of the Grand Canyon Protection Act of 1992 (GCPA; title XVIII, secs. 1801-1809, of Public Law 102-575). Scientists conducted a wide range of monitoring and research activities before, during, and after the experiments. Initially, research efforts focused on whether HFEs could be used to rebuild and maintain Grand Canyon sandbars, which provide camping beaches for hikers and whitewater rafters, create habitats potentially used by native fish and other wildlife, and are the source of windborne sand that may help to protect some archaeological resources from weathering and erosion. As scientists gained a better understanding of how HFEs affect the physical environment, research efforts expanded to include additional investigations about the effects of HFEs on biological resources, such as native fishes, nonnative sports fishes, riverside vegetation, and the aquatic food web. The chapters that follow summarize and synthesize for decisionmakers and the public what has been learned about HFEs to provide a framework for implementing similar future experiments.\r\n\r\nThis report is a product of the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program (GCDAMP), a Federal initiative authorized to ensure that the primary mandate of the GCPA (GCPA sec. 1802 (a)) is met through advances in information and resource management. The program and its research efforts focus on a study area that encompasses the Colorado River corridor from the forebay of Glen Canyon Dam to the western boundary of Grand Canyon National Park, which is identified as the Colorado River ecosystem elsewhere in this report. The study area includes the approximately 16-mile river corridor between the dam and Lees Ferry within Glen Canyon National Recreation Area and the entire 277-river mile corridor downstream from Lees Ferry and within Grand Canyon National Park. The U.S. Geological Survey's Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (GCMRC) is responsible for the scientific monitoring and research efforts of the GCDAMP, including the preparation of this report. The GCMRC gratefully acknowledges the contributions of those scientists with Federal and State resource-management agencies, academic institutions, and private consulting firms who undertook much of the research presented in the chapters that follow. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1366","collaboration":"Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center","usgsCitation":"Melis, T., 2011, Effects of three high-flow experiments on the Colorado River ecosystem downstream from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1366, v, 147 p.; PDF for printing, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1366.","productDescription":"v, 147 p.; PDF for printing","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1366.gif"},{"id":14478,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1366/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db610112","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Melis, Theodore S. 0000-0003-0473-3968 tmelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0473-3968","contributorId":1829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melis","given":"Theodore S.","email":"tmelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":99035,"text":"sir20105258 - 2011 - Digital signal processing and interpretation of full waveform sonic log for well BP-3-USGS, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Alamosa County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:06","indexId":"sir20105258","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5258","title":"Digital signal processing and interpretation of full waveform sonic log for well BP-3-USGS, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Alamosa County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Along the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve boundary (fig. 1), 10 monitoring wells were drilled by the National Park Service in order to monitor water flow in an unconfined aquifer spanning the park boundary. Adjacent to the National Park Service monitoring well named Boundary Piezometer Well No. 3, or BP-3, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) drilled the BP-3-USGS well. This well was drilled from September 14 through 17, 2009, to a total depth of 99.4 meters (m) in order to acquire additional subsurface information.\r\n\r\nThe BP-3-USGS well is located at lat 37 degrees 43'18.06' and long -105 degrees 43'39.30' at a surface elevation of 2,301 m. Approximately 23 m of core was recovered beginning at a depth of 18 m. Drill cuttings were also recovered. The wireline geophysical logs acquired in the well include natural gamma ray, borehole caliper, temperature, full waveform sonic, density, neutron, resistivity, and induction logs. The BP-3-USGS well is now plugged and abandoned.\r\n\r\nThis report details the full waveform digital signal processing methodology and the formation compressional-wave velocities determined for the BP-3-USGS well. These velocity results are compared to several velocities that are commonly encountered in the subsurface. The density log is also discussed in context of these formation velocities. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105258","usgsCitation":"Burke, L., 2011, Digital signal processing and interpretation of full waveform sonic log for well BP-3-USGS, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Alamosa County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5258, iv, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105258.","productDescription":"iv, 4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5258.png"},{"id":14475,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5258/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107,37 ], [ -107,38.5 ], [ -105,38.5 ], [ -105,37 ], [ -107,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a883","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Lauri 0000-0002-2035-8048","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":44891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":99034,"text":"fs20103123 - 2011 - Effects of climate change and land use on water resources in the Upper Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T17:53:13","indexId":"fs20103123","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3123","title":"Effects of climate change and land use on water resources in the Upper Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"The health of the Colorado River watershed is critical to the socioeconomic and ecosystem well-being of the Southwestern United States. Water in springs, streams, and rivers supports a range of aquatic and riparian ecosystems that contain many endangered species. Terrestrial habitats support a wide array of plants and wildlife. In addition, this region is enjoyed by millions of people annually for its recreational and esthetic opportunities. The Colorado River provides water for about 25 million people and is used to irrigate 2.5 million acres of farmland. However, competition for this water is expected to increase as human populations dependent on this water are projected to increase to 38 million by 2020. Climate change is expected to further exacerbate water issues in this region. Drought in the Southwest during 2000-04, caused by both reduced precipitation and a series of the hottest years on record, resulted in streamflows lower than during the 1930s Dust Bowl or the 1950s. Increased temperatures alone are a major factor in reducing surface-water flows in this region. For instance, precipitation received during the winter of 2005 was at the 100-year average. However, low soil moisture and high January-July temperatures resulted in flows that were only 75 percent of average. Climate models predict future warmer temperatures and reduced precipitation in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB), which would reduce water available to humans and ecosystems.
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K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":307346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":99033,"text":"ofr20111033 - 2011 - USGS global change science strategy: A framework for understanding and responding to climate and land-use change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T13:16:22","indexId":"ofr20111033","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1033","title":"USGS global change science strategy: A framework for understanding and responding to climate and land-use change","docAbstract":"This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Global Change Science Strategy expands on the Climate Variability and Change science component of the USGS 2007 Science Strategy, “Facing Tomorrow’s Challenges: USGS Science in the Coming Decade” (U.S. Geological Survey, 2007). Here we embrace the broad definition of global change provided in the U.S. Global Change Research Act of 1990 (Public Law 101–606,104 Stat. 3096–3104)—“Changes in the global environment (including alterations in climate, land productivity, oceans or other water resources, atmospheric chemistry, and ecological systems) that may alter the capacity of the Earth to sustain life”—with a focus on climate and land-use change.
There are three major characteristics of this science strategy. First, it addresses the science required to broadly inform global change policy, while emphasizing the needs of natural-resource managers and reflecting the role of the USGS as the science provider for the Department of the Interior and other resource-management agencies. Second, the strategy identifies core competencies, noting 10 critical capabilities and strengths the USGS uses to overcome key problem areas. We highlight those areas in which the USGS is a science leader, recognizing the strong partnerships and effective collaboration that are essential to address complex global environmental challenges. Third, it uses a query-based approach listing key research questions that need to be addressed to create an agenda for hypothesis-driven global change science organized under six strategic goals. Overall, the strategy starts from where we are, provides a vision for where we want to go, and then describes high-priority strategic actions, including outcomes, products, and partnerships that can get us there.
Global change science is a well-defined research field with strong linkages to the ecosystems, water, energy and minerals, natural hazards, and environmental health components of the USGS Science Strategy (2007). When science strategies that cover these other components are developed, coordinated implementation will be necessary to achieve Bureau-level synergies and optimize capabilities and expertise.
In October 2010, USGS realigned its management and budget structure to implement its 2007 Science Strategy. The new organizational structure, in which “Global Change” is one of seven key mission areas, lends itself to the advancement of the established six strategic goals. USGS global change science is formally represented by the “Climate and Land-Use Change” Mission Area in the FY 2012 budget (USGS, 2011).
This plan was developed by the USGS Global Change Science Strategy Planning Team (SSPT) appointed by the USGS Director on March 4, 2010 and charged with developing a Global Change Science Strategy for the coming decade (McNutt, 2010). USGS managers and science staff are the main audience for this science strategy. This document is also intended to serve as the foundation for consistent USGS collaboration and communication with partners and stakeholders.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111033","usgsCitation":"Burkett, V.R., Taylor, I.L., Belnap, J., Cronin, T.M., Dettinger, M., Frazier, E.L., Haines, J.W., Kirtland, D.A., Loveland, T., Milly, P., O'Malley, R., and Thompson, R.S., 2011, USGS global change science strategy: A framework for understanding and responding to climate and land-use change: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1033, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111033.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1033.gif"},{"id":14473,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":31743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frazier, Eldrich L. efrazier@usgs.gov","contributorId":5214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frazier","given":"Eldrich","email":"efrazier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haines, John W. 0000-0002-6475-8924 jhaines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6475-8924","contributorId":509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"John","email":"jhaines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kirtland, David A. dakirtland@usgs.gov","contributorId":265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirtland","given":"David","email":"dakirtland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Milly, Paul C.D.","contributorId":60503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"Paul C.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"O'Malley, Robin romalley@usgs.gov","contributorId":3954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Malley","given":"Robin","email":"romalley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Thompson, Robert S. 0000-0001-9287-2954 rthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-2954","contributorId":891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Robert","email":"rthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":99026,"text":"sir20105063 - 2011 - Low flow of streams in the Susquehanna River basin of New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:39","indexId":"sir20105063","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5063","title":"Low flow of streams in the Susquehanna River basin of New York","docAbstract":"The principal source of streamflow during periods of low flow in the Susquehanna River basin of New York is the discharge of groundwater from sand-and-gravel deposits. Spatial variation in low flow is mostly a function of differences in three watershed properties: the amount of water that is introduced to the watershed and available for runoff, the extent of surficial sand and gravel relative to till-mantled bedrock, and the extent of wetlands. These three properties were consistently significant in regression equations that were developed to estimate several indices of low flow expressed in cubic feet per second or in cubic feet per second per square mile. The equations explain 90 to 99 percent of the spatial variation in low flow. A few equations indicate that underflow that bypasses streamflow-measurement sites through permeable sand and gravel can significantly decrease low flows. Analytical and numerical groundwater-flow models indicate that spatial extent, hydraulic conductivity and thickness, storage capacity, and topography of stratified sandand- gravel deposits affect low-flow yields from those deposits. Model-simulated discharge of groundwater to streams at low flow reaches a maximum where hydraulic-conductivity values are about 15 feet per day (in valleys 0.5 mile wide) to 60 feet per day (in valleys 1 mile wide). These hydraulic-conductivity values are much larger than those that are considered typical of till and bedrock, but smaller than values reported for productive sand-and-gravel aquifers in some valley reaches in New York. Differences in the properties of till and bedrock and in land-surface slope or relief within the Susquehanna River basin of New York apparently have little effect on low flow.\r\n\r\nThree regression equations were selected for practical application in estimating 7-day mean low flows in cubic feet per second with 10-year and 2-year recurrence intervals, and 90-percent flow duration, at ungaged sites draining more than 30 square miles; standard errors were 0.88, 1.40, and 1.95 cubic feet per second, respectively. Equations that express low flows in cubic feet per second per square mile were selected for estimating these three indices at ungaged sites draining less than 30 square miles; standard errors were 0.012, 0.018, and 0.022 cubic feet per second per square mile, respectively.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105063","usgsCitation":"Randall, A.D., 2011, Low flow of streams in the Susquehanna River basin of New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5063, vi, 57 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105063.","productDescription":"vi, 57 p. ","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126225,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5063.gif"},{"id":14466,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5063/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db6448fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Randall, Allan D. arandall@usgs.gov","contributorId":1168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"Allan","email":"arandall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":99025,"text":"pp1778 - 2011 - Water availability and use pilot: A multiscale assessment in the U.S. Great Lakes Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-19T19:28:05.86209","indexId":"pp1778","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1778","title":"Water availability and use pilot: A multiscale assessment in the U.S. Great Lakes Basin","docAbstract":"Beginning in 2005, water availability and use were assessed for the U.S. part of the Great Lakes Basin through the Great Lakes Basin Pilot of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) national assessment of water availability and use. The goals of a national assessment of water availability and use are to clarify our understanding of water-availability status and trends and improve our ability to forecast the balance between water supply and demand for future economic and environmental uses. This report outlines possible approaches for full-scale implementation of such an assessment. As such, the focus of this study was on collecting, compiling, and analyzing a wide variety of data to define the storage and dynamics of water resources and quantify the human demands on water in the Great Lakes region.\r\n\r\nThe study focused on multiple spatial and temporal scales to highlight not only the abundant regional availability of water but also the potential for local shortages or conflicts over water. Regional studies provided a framework for understanding water resources in the basin. Subregional studies directed attention to varied aspects of the water-resources system that would have been difficult to assess for the whole region because of either data limitations or time limitations for the project. The study of local issues and concerns was motivated by regional discussions that led to recent legislative action between the Great Lakes States and regional cooperation with the Canadian Great Lakes Provinces. The multiscale nature of the study findings challenges water-resource managers and the public to think about regional water resources in an integrated way and to understand how future changes to the system-driven by human uses, climate variability, or land-use change-may be accommodated by informed water-resources management.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1778","collaboration":"National Water Availability and Use Pilot Program","usgsCitation":"Reeves, H.W., 2011, Water availability and use pilot: A multiscale assessment in the U.S. Great Lakes Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1778, x, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1778.","productDescription":"x, 105 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":447,"text":"National Water Availability and Use Pilot Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1778.jpg"},{"id":410724,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_96395.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1778/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 40.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48e9e4b07f02db553f90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, Howard W. 0000-0001-8057-2081 hwreeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2081","contributorId":2307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Howard","email":"hwreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":99024,"text":"sir20105259 - 2011 - Flash floods of August 10, 2009, in the Villages of Gowanda and Silver Creek, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"sir20105259","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5259","title":"Flash floods of August 10, 2009, in the Villages of Gowanda and Silver Creek, New York","docAbstract":"Late during the night of August 9, 2009, two storm systems intersected over western New York and produced torrential rain that caused severe flash flooding during the early morning hours of August 10 in parts of Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, and Erie Counties. Nearly 6 inches of rain fell in 1.5 hours as recorded by a National Weather Service weather observer in Perrysburg, which lies between Gowanda and Silver Creek-the communities that suffered the most damage. This storm intensity had an annual exceedance probability of less than 0.2 percent (recurrence interval greater than 500 years). Although flooding along Cattaraugus Creek occurred elsewhere, Cattaraugus Creek was responsible for very little flooding in Gowanda. Rather the small tributaries, Thatcher Brook and Grannis Brook, caused the flooding in Gowanda, as did Silver Creek and Walnut Creek in the Village of Silver Creek.\r\n\r\nDamages from the flooding were widespread. Numerous road culverts were washed out, and more than one-quarter of the roads in Cattaraugus County were damaged. Many people were evacuated or rescued in Gowanda and Silver Creek, and two deaths occurred during the flood in Gowanda. The water supplies of both communities were compromised by damages to village reservoirs and water-transmission infrastructures. Water and mud damage to residential and commercial properties was extensive. The tri-county area was declared a Federal disaster area and more than $45 million in Federal disaster assistance was distributed to more than 1,500 individuals and an estimated 1,100 public projects. The combined total estimate of damages from the flash floods was greater than $90 million.\r\n\r\nOver 240 high-water marks were surveyed by the U.S. Geological Survey; a subset of these marks was used to create flood-water-surface profiles for four streams and to delineate the areal extent of flooding in Gowanda and Silver Creek. Flood elevations exceeded previously defined 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (500-year recurrence interval) elevations by 2 to 4 feet in Gowanda and as much as 6 to 8 feet in Silver Creek. Most of the high-water marks were used in indirect hydraulic computations to estimate peak flows for four streams. The peak flows in Grannis Brook and Thatcher Brook were computed, using the slope-area method, to be 1,400 and 7,600 cubic feet per second, respectively, and peak flow in Silver Creek was computed, using the width-contraction method, to be 19,500 cubic feet per second. The annual exceedance probabilities for flows in these and other basins with small drainage areas that fell almost entirely within the area of heaviest precipitation were less than 0.2 percent (or recurrence intervals greater than 500 years). The peak flow in Cattaraugus Creek at Gowanda was computed, using the slope-area method, to be 33,200 cubic feet per second with an annual exceedance probability of 2.2 percent (recurrence interval of 45 years).\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105259","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Szabo, C.O., Coon, W.F., and Niziol, T.A., 2011, Flash floods of August 10, 2009, in the Villages of Gowanda and Silver Creek, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5259, iv, 23 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105259.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-08-09","temporalEnd":"2009-08-10","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5259.bmp"},{"id":14462,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5259/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80,42 ], [ -80,43 ], [ -78,43 ], [ -78,42 ], [ -80,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5ef1e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Carolyn O. cszabo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Carolyn","email":"cszabo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coon, William F. 0000-0002-7007-7797 wcoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7007-7797","contributorId":1765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"William","email":"wcoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Niziol, Thomas A.","contributorId":84314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niziol","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9000581,"text":"sim3150 - 2011 - Bathymetric and sediment facies maps for China Bend and Marcus Flats, Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Washington, 2008 and 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:39","indexId":"sim3150","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3150","title":"Bathymetric and sediment facies maps for China Bend and Marcus Flats, Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Washington, 2008 and 2009","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) created bathymetric and sediment facies maps for portions of two reaches of Lake Roosevelt in support of an interdisciplinary study of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) and their habitat areas within Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Washington. In October 2008, scientists from the USGS used a boat-mounted multibeam echo sounder (MBES) to describe bathymetric data to characterize surface relief at China Bend and Marcus Flats, between Northport and Kettle Falls, Washington. In March 2009, an underwater video camera was used to view and record sediment facies that were then characterized by sediment type, grain size, and areas of sand deposition. Smelter slag has been identified as having the characteristics of sand-sized black particles; the two non-invasive surveys attempted to identify areas containing black-colored particulate matter that may be elements and minerals, organic material, or slag. The white sturgeon population in Lake Roosevelt is threatened by the failure of natural recruitment, resulting in a native population that consists primarily of aging fish and that is gradually declining as fish die and are not replaced by nonhatchery reared juvenile fish. These fish spawn and rear in the riverine and upper reservoir reaches where smelter slag is present in the sediment of the river lake bed. Effects of slag on the white sturgeon population in Lake Roosevelt are largely unknown. Two recent studies demonstrated that copper and other metals are mobilized from slag in aqueous environments with concentrations of copper and zinc in bed sediments reaching levels of 10,000 and 30,000 mg/kg due to the presence of smelter slag. Copper was found to be highly toxic to 30-day-old white sturgeon with 96-h LC50 concentrations ranging from 3 to 5 (u or mu)g copper per liter. Older juvenile and adult sturgeons commonly ingest substantial amounts of sediment while foraging. Future study efforts in Lake Roosevelt should include sampling of bottom material to confirm the presence or absence of slag material indicated on the map. In addition, follow-up acoustic work to determine stream velocities at varying discharges, in conjunction with sediment mapping, would be helpful to more accurately identify areas of scour and areas of sediment deposition where slag deposits may accumulate within the Marcus Flats and China Bend reaches. MBES mapping could also be used to determine changes in bed elevation and sedimentation in the study reaches and could help evaluate annual deposition and provide estimates on fine-sediment thickness.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3150","usgsCitation":"Weakland, R.J., Fosness, R.L., Williams, M.L., and Barton, G., 2011, Bathymetric and sediment facies maps for China Bend and Marcus Flats, Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Washington, 2008 and 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3150, 48 inches x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3150.","productDescription":"48 inches x 36 inches","numberOfPages":"1","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3150.png"},{"id":19203,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3150/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.5,47.5 ], [ -119.5,49 ], [ -118.25,49 ], [ -118.25,47.5 ], [ -119.5,47.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640a55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weakland, Rhonda J. weakland@usgs.gov","contributorId":3541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weakland","given":"Rhonda","email":"weakland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":344313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fosness, Ryan L. 0000-0003-4089-2704 rfosness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-2704","contributorId":2703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosness","given":"Ryan","email":"rfosness@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Marshall L. mlwilliams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Marshall","email":"mlwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barton, Gary J. gbarton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Gary J.","email":"gbarton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":99022,"text":"ofr20111011 - 2011 - Aqueous geochemical data from the analysis of stream-water samples collected in June and July 2006 — Taylor Mountains 1:250,000-scale quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T12:17:43.742053","indexId":"ofr20111011","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1011","title":"Aqueous geochemical data from the analysis of stream-water samples collected in June and July 2006 — Taylor Mountains 1:250,000-scale quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"We report on the chemical analysis of water samples collected from the Taylor Mountains 1:250,000-scale quadrangle, Alaska. Parameters for which data are reported include pH, conductivity, water temperature, major cation and anion concentrations, trace-element concentrations, and dissolved organic-carbon concentrations. Samples were collected as part of a multiyear U.S. Geological Survey project entitled ?Geologic and Mineral Deposit Data for Alaskan Economic Development.? Data presented here are from samples collected in June and July 2006. The data are being released at this time with minimal interpretation. This is the third release of aqueous geochemical data from this project; aqueous geochemical data from samples collected in 2004 and 2005 were published previously. The data in this report augment but do not duplicate or supersede the previous data release. Site selection was based on a regional sampling strategy that focused on first- and second-order drainages. Water sample site selection was based on landscape parameters that included physiography, wetland extent, lithological changes, and a cursory field review of mineralogy from pan concentrates. Stream water in the Taylor Mountains quadrangle is dominated by bicarbonate (HCO3-), although in a few samples more than 50 percent of the anionic charge can be attributed to sulfate (SO42-). The major-cation chemistry ranges from Ca2+/Mg2+ dominated to a mix of Ca2+/Mg2+/Na++K+. Generally, good agreement was found between the major cations and anions in the duplicate samples. Many trace elements in these samples were at or near the analytical method detection limit, but good agreement was found between duplicate samples for elements with detectable concentrations. All field blank major-ion and trace-element concentrations were below detection.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111011","usgsCitation":"Wang, B., Mueller, S., Stetson, S., Bailey, E., and Lee, G., 2011, Aqueous geochemical data from the analysis of stream-water samples collected in June and July 2006 — Taylor Mountains 1:250,000-scale quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1011, Report: iv, 10 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111011.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 10 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":14458,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":394042,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94832.htm"},{"id":116872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1011.png"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Taylor Mountains 1:250,000-scale quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -156.3667,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -156.3667,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -159,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -159,\n 60\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679fc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Bronwen 0000-0003-1044-2227 bwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-2227","contributorId":2351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Bronwen","email":"bwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, Seth","contributorId":65441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Seth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stetson, Sarah sstetson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stetson","given":"Sarah","email":"sstetson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bailey, Elizabeth","contributorId":61011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, Greg","contributorId":68272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Greg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70173878,"text":"70173878 - 2011 - Influence of Physiochemical and watershed characteristics on mercury concentration in walleye, Sander vitreus, M.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-15T13:59:56","indexId":"70173878","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of Physiochemical and watershed characteristics on mercury concentration in walleye, Sander vitreus, M.","docAbstract":"Elevated mercury concentration has been documented in a variety of fish and is a growing concern for human consumption. Here, we explore the influence of physiochemical and watershed attributes on mercury concentration in walleye (Sander vitreus, M.) from natural, glacial lakes in South Dakota. Regression analysis showed that water quality attributes were poor predictors of walleye mercury concentration (R2 = 0.57, p = 0.13). In contrast, models based on watershed features (e.g., lake level changes, watershed slope, agricultural land, wetlands) and local habitat features (i.e., substrate composition, maximum lake depth) explained 81% (p = 0.001) and 80% (p = 0.002) of the variation in walleye mercury concentration. Using an information theoretic approach we evaluated hypotheses related to water quality, physical habitat and watershed features. The best model explaining variation in walleye mercury concentration included local habitat features (Wi = 0.991). These results show that physical habitat and watershed features were better predictors of walleye mercury concentration than water chemistry in glacial lakes of the Northern Great Plains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00128-010-0166-y","usgsCitation":"Hayer, C., Chipps, S.R., and Stone, J., 2011, Influence of Physiochemical and watershed characteristics on mercury concentration in walleye, Sander vitreus, M.: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 86, no. 2, p. 163-167, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-010-0166-y.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"167","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025946","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c33e4b07657d19a69f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayer, Cari-Ann chayer@usgs.gov","contributorId":150040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayer","given":"Cari-Ann","email":"chayer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":639076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stone, James J.","contributorId":171913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stone","given":"James J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}