Numerical simulations of earthquake ground motions are used both to anticipate the effects of hypothetical earthquakes by forward simulation and to infer the behaviour of the real earthquake source ruptures by the inversion of recorded ground motions. In either application it is necessary to assume some Earth structure that is necessarily inaccurate and to use a computational method that is also inaccurate for simulating the wavefield Green's functions. We refer to these two sources of error as ‘propagation inaccuracies’, which might be considered to be epistemic. We show that the variance of the Fourier spectrum of the synthetic earthquake seismograms caused by propagation inaccuracies is related to the spatial covariance on the rupture surface of errors in the computed Green's functions, which we estimate for the case of the 2009 L'Aquila, Italy, earthquake by comparing erroneous computed Green's functions with observed L'Aquila aftershock seismograms (empirical Green's functions). We further show that the variance of the synthetic seismograms caused by the rupture variability (aleatory uncertainty) is related to the spatial covariance on the rupture surface of aleatory variations in the rupture model, and we investigate the effect of correlated variations in Green's function errors and variations in rupture models. Thus, we completely characterize the variability of synthetic earthquake seismograms induced by errors in propagation and variability in the rupture behaviour. We calculate the spectra of the variance of the ground motions of the L'Aquila main shock caused by propagation inaccuracies for two specific broad-band stations, the AQU and the FIAM stations. These variances are distressingly large, being comparable or in some cases exceeding the data amplitudes, suggesting that the best-fitting L'Aquila rupture model significantly overfits the data and might be seriously in error. If these computed variances are typical, the accuracy of many other rupture models for past earthquakes may need to be reconsidered. The results of this work might be useful in seismic hazard estimation because the variability of the computed ground motion, caused both by propagation inaccuracies and variations in the rupture model, can be computed directly, not requiring laborious consideration of multiple Earth structures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggz275","usgsCitation":"Spudich, P.A., Cirella, A., Scognamiglio, L., and Tinti, E., 2019, Variability in synthetic earthquake ground motions caused by source variability and errors in wave propagation models: Geophysical Journal International, v. 219, no. 1, p. 346-372, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz275.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"346","endPage":"372","ipdsId":"IP-101827","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz275","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"219","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spudich, Paul A. 0000-0002-9484-4997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9484-4997","contributorId":243550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spudich","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cirella, Antonella","contributorId":200468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cirella","given":"Antonella","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scognamiglio, Laura","contributorId":200469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scognamiglio","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tinti, Elisa","contributorId":200470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tinti","given":"Elisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203202,"text":"sir20195036 - 2019 - ModelMuse Version 4: A graphical user interface for MODFLOW 6","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-25T11:59:32","indexId":"sir20195036","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-24T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5036","displayTitle":"ModelMuse Version 4: A Graphical User Interface for MODFLOW 6","title":"ModelMuse Version 4: A graphical user interface for MODFLOW 6","docAbstract":"ModelMuse, a graphical user interface for groundwater-modeling software, was modified to support MODFLOW 6. ModelMuse works with two types of spatial discretization in MODFLOW 6: structured grids (DIS) and discretization by vertices (DISV). Quadtree refinement is used to generate a DISV model from a structured-grid model. The locations and weights for ghost nodes used to improve DISV model accuracy are computed automatically by ModelMuse using a new algorithm. ModelMuse does not support other types of DISV grids and unstructured grids. ModelMuse supports options in MODFLOW 6 that designate individual cells as confined or convertible and remove inactive cells associated with discontinuous layers, thereby reducing the computational burden. ModelMuse can specify fully three-dimensional (3D), spatially variable anisotropy in hydraulic conductivity. 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Variability in abiotic and biotic factors during larval stages has profound impacts on fish recruitment. In Lake Michigan, where the composition of lower trophic levels has undergone considerable changes in the past decade, managers are concerned that fish recruitment could be negatively affected. We hypothesized that spatial variation in Lake Michigan larval fish density and growth can be explained by various environmental predictor variables. In July 2015, we sampled larval fish and zooplankton at 24 sites (distributed among eight transects) around Lake Michigan. We measured larval fish densities and estimated growth rates and diets of the two most abundant species: the Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and Bloater Coregonus hoyi (prey fish that represented 89% and 4% of the total catch, respectively). Larval Alewife densities at a given site ranged from 0 to 42.57 larvae/100 m3, but no explanatory variables explained the variation. Alewife mean growth rate equaled 0.50 mm/d, and fish age and zooplankton density best explained growth variation across sites. Larval Bloater densities ranged from 0 to 1.16 larvae/100 m3, and mean growth rate was 0.21 mm/d. Across all sites, 67% of larval Alewife stomachs were empty, whereas only 16% of Bloater stomachs were empty. Larval fish growth rates observed in our study were at least 40% slower than those reported in previous decades for both Alewife and Bloater. Worsening prey environment for pelagic larvae, such as Alewife and Bloater, during the era of abundant dreissenid mussels could reduce the probability of strong year‐classes, which in turn may affect growth and survival of recreationally important salmonine predators.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10171","usgsCitation":"Eppehimer, D.E., Bunnell, D.B., Dieter, P., Warner, D., Eaton, L.A., Wells, D.J., and Rutherford, E.S., 2019, Densities, diets, and growth rates of larval Alewife and Bloater in a changing Lake Michigan ecosystem.: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 148, no. 4, p. 755-770, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10171.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"755","endPage":"770","ipdsId":"IP-099102","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10171","text":"External Repository"},{"id":364997,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin","city":"Frankfort, Ludington, Manitowoc, Racine, St. Joseph, Saugatuck, 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warner, David 0000-0003-4939-5368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-5368","contributorId":216543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eaton, Lauren A.","contributorId":211815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eaton","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wells, David J","contributorId":216544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":37387,"text":"University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rutherford, Edward S.","contributorId":175426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutherford","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12789,"text":"NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70203981,"text":"70203981 - 2019 - The evolving threat of rapid Ohia death (ROD) to Hawaii’s native ecosystems and rare plant species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-26T09:32:44","indexId":"70203981","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-24T09:23:44","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The evolving threat of Rapid ‘Ōhi‘a Death (ROD) to Hawai‘i’s native ecosystems and rare plant species","title":"The evolving threat of rapid Ohia death (ROD) to Hawaii’s native ecosystems and rare plant species","docAbstract":"Hawai‘i’s most widespread native tree, ‘ōhi‘a lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha), has been dying across large areas of Hawai‘i Island mainly due to two fungal pathogens (Ceratocystis lukuohia and Ceratocystis huliohia) that cause a disease collectively known as Rapid ‘Ōhi‘a Death (ROD). Here we examine patterns of positive detections of C. lukuohia as it has been linked to the larger mortality events across Hawai‘i Island. Our analysis compares the environmental range of C. lukuohia and its spread over time through the known climatic range and distribution of ‘ōhi‘a. Analyses show this fungal pathogen generally encompassed the core, but not the extremes of the climatic range of ‘ōhi‘a. We further modeled the potential distribution of C. lukuohiaacross the Hawaiian Archipelago to estimate the risk of ROD to other islands. Given the potential for C. lukuohia to alter the structure of ‘ōhi‘a dominated forests, we used our projected potential distribution of C. lukuohia to assess the risk of ROD to threatened and endangered plant species across Hawai‘i. Many native plants are likely vulnerable to these types of large ‘ōhi‘a mortality events: of 234 endangered native plant species considered, 147 (62.8%) have more than half of their range within current and expanding C. lukuohia suitable areas. We also found evidence that protecting habitat by fencing out introduced feral ungulates reduces the prevalence of the disease likely by reducing physical damage caused by these animals to ‘ōhi‘a trees, a precondition for Ceratocystis infection. Given the ongoing spread of C. lukuohia, we developed a dynamic web portal to host our results online, where models and analyses are updated with new lab-confirmed detections to provide managers with a useful tool to help monitor and assess the risk of C. lukuohia as it continues to spread.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2019.06.025","usgsCitation":"Fortini, L., Kaiser, L.R., Keith, L., Price, J., Hughes, R., Jacobi, J.D., and Friday, J.B., 2019, The evolving threat of rapid Ohia death (ROD) to Hawaii’s native ecosystems and rare plant species: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 448, p. 376-385, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.06.025.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"385","ipdsId":"IP-106268","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P94ESGQB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hawaiian Islands Ceratocystis rapid ohia death spatial analysis 2019"},{"id":365055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"448","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fortini, Lucas B. 0000-0002-5781-7295","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-7295","contributorId":202074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortini","given":"Lucas B.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaiser, Lauren R.","contributorId":200422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaiser","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keith, Lisa","contributorId":191694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keith","given":"Lisa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Price, Jonathan","contributorId":187456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hughes, R. Flint","contributorId":111314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"R. Flint","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jacobi, James D. 0000-0003-2313-7862 jjacobi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-7862","contributorId":3705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobi","given":"James","email":"jjacobi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Friday, J. B.","contributorId":216579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friday","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70206016,"text":"70206016 - 2019 - Seasonal and spatial variation in the location and reactivity of a nitrate-contaminated groundwater discharge zone in a lakebed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T07:55:04","indexId":"70206016","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-24T07:53:38","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and spatial variation in the location and reactivity of a nitrate-contaminated groundwater discharge zone in a lakebed","docAbstract":"Groundwater discharge delivering anthropogenic N from surrounding watersheds can impact lake nutrient budgets. However, upgradient groundwater processes and changing dynamics in N biogeochemistry at the groundwater-lake interface are complex and difficult to resolve. In this study, hydrograph variations in a groundwater flow-through lake altered discharge patterns of a wastewater-derived, groundwater contaminant plume, thereby affecting biogeochemical processes controlling N transport. Groundwater geochemistry 15 cm under the lakebed along transects perpendicular to shore varied from oxic to anoxic with increasing nitrate concentrations (10-75 M) and corresponding gradients in nitrite and nitrous oxide. Porewater depth profiles of nitrate concentrations and stable isotope compositions largely reflected upgradient groundwater N sources and N-cycle processes, with minor additional nitrate reduction in the shallowest lakebed sediments. Potential denitrification rates determined in laboratory microcosms were 10-100 fold higher in near-surface sediments (0-5 cm) than in deeper sediments (5-30 cm) and were correlated with sediment carbon content and abundance of denitrification genes (nirS, nosZI, and nosZII). Potential anammox-driven N2 production was highest in deeper anoxic sediments. Injection of bromide and nitrite in the lake sediments indicated a vertical porewater velocity of 4-5 cm hr-1, with highest nitrite consumption rates above 10 cm. However, short residence times in the shallow sediments allowed only a small fraction of the contaminant nitrate to be removed before discharging into the lake. Results demonstrate the importance of resolving local versus upgradient biogeochemical processes affecting contaminant distribution in discharge areas, and transient migration of local gradients and processes in response to changing lake levels and groundwater flow paths.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018JG004635","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., Repert, D.A., Stoliker, D., Kent, D.B., Song, B., LeBlanc, D.R., McCobb, T.D., Bohlke, J., Hyun, S.P., and Moon, H.S., 2019, Seasonal and spatial variation in the location and reactivity of a nitrate-contaminated groundwater discharge zone in a lakebed: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 124, no. 7, p. 2186-2207, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004635.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"2186","endPage":"2207","ipdsId":"IP-098164","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467507,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles/1678","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P98KJC3K","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Seasonal and spatial variation in the location and reactivity of a nitrate-contaminated groundwater discharge zone in a lakebed"},{"id":437411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P95E6LQ2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Natural gradient, lakebed tracer tests using nitrite in a nitrate-contaminated groundwater discharge zone in Ashumet Pond, Massachusetts"},{"id":368361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Repert, Deborah A. 0000-0001-7284-1456 darepert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-1456","contributorId":2578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repert","given":"Deborah","email":"darepert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoliker, Deborah 0000-0002-7956-2975 dlstoliker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7956-2975","contributorId":216631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoliker","given":"Deborah","email":"dlstoliker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kent, Douglas B. 0000-0003-3758-8322 dbkent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3758-8322","contributorId":1871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Douglas","email":"dbkent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Song, Bongkeun","contributorId":167262,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Bongkeun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24668,"text":"University of North Carolina, Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCobb, Timothy D. 0000-0003-1533-847X tmccobb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1533-847X","contributorId":219837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCobb","given":"Timothy","email":"tmccobb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hyun, Sung Pil","contributorId":167732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hyun","given":"Sung","email":"","middleInitial":"Pil","affiliations":[{"id":24820,"text":"Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Moon, Hee Sun","contributorId":167734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moon","given":"Hee","email":"","middleInitial":"Sun","affiliations":[{"id":24820,"text":"Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70204158,"text":"70204158 - 2019 - Review: Endophytic microbes and their potential applications in crop management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-16T12:21:37","indexId":"70204158","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-22T14:29:55","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3035,"text":"Pest Management Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review: Endophytic microbes and their potential applications in crop management","docAbstract":"Endophytes are microbes (mostly bacteria and fungi) present in plants. Endophytic microbes are often functional in that they may carry nutrients from the soil into plants, modulate plant development, increase stress tolerance of plants, suppress virulence in pathogens, increase disease resistance in plants, and suppress development of competitor plant species. Endophytic microbes have been shown: 1) obtain nutrients in soils and transfer nutrients to plants in the rhizophagy cycle and other nutrient‐transfer symbioses; 2) increase plant growth and development; 3) reduce oxidative stress of hosts; 4) protect plants from disease; 5) deter feeding by herbivores; and 6) suppress growth of competitor plant species. Because of the effective functions of endophytic microbes, we suggest that endophytic microbes may significantly reduce use of agrochemicals (fertilizers, fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides) in the cultivation of crop plants. The loss of endophytic microbes from crop plants during domestication and long‐term cultivation could be remedied by transfer of endophytes from wild relatives of crops to crop species. Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels could reduce the efficiency of the rhizophagy cycle due to repression of reactive oxygen used to extract nutrients from microbes in roots.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ps.5527","usgsCitation":"White, J., Kingsley, K.L., Elmore, M.T., Verma, S.K., Gond, S.K., and Kowalski, K., 2019, Review: Endophytic microbes and their potential applications in crop management: Pest Management Science, v. 75, no. 10, p. 2558-2565, https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5527.","productDescription":"8 P.","startPage":"2558","endPage":"2565","ipdsId":"IP-106524","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5527","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":365392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":365388,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ps.5527"}],"volume":"75","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, James F.","contributorId":152046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"James F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kingsley, Kathryn L.","contributorId":203176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kingsley","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elmore, Matthew T.","contributorId":206820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elmore","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Verma, Satish Kumar","contributorId":203175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verma","given":"Satish","email":"","middleInitial":"Kumar","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gond, Surendra K","contributorId":216841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gond","given":"Surendra","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":39528,"text":"Banaras Hindu University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70203973,"text":"70203973 - 2019 - Subsurface water piping prevents meromixis in a deep volcanic crater lake (Dominica, West Indies)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-15T07:47:39","indexId":"70203973","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-22T13:37:43","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface water piping prevents meromixis in a deep volcanic crater lake (Dominica, West Indies)","docAbstract":"Boeri Lake—a small (3.6 ha) but deep (39.6 m) crater lake on Morne Micotrin in Dominica, West Indies—presents a limnological enigma; it exhibits strong morphometric and circumstantial evidence for meromixis, yet it is not stratified. We tested the hypothesis that water seepage from Boeri Lake overcomes morphometric drivers of stratification and prevents the onset of meromixis. We compared water chemistry and plankton community composition in Boeri Lake to perennial streams on Morne Micotrin to assess if water discharging from these springs originates in Boeri Lake. Lacustrine phytoplankton and zooplankton taxa were detected in nearby streams, which also had similar water chemistry to Boeri Lake. In contrast, two other streams that drain Morne Micotrin and one neighboring reference stream had little in common with waters from Boeri Lake. This suggests that Boeri Lake’s anomalous limnology is explained by hydrologic connectivity to nearby flanking streams, and supports our hypothesis that subsurface water piping, combined with high annual rainfall, stymies the onset of meromixis. We provide an explanation for how holomictic lakes can persist and transport organisms through the ground in tropical mountain ecosystems and discuss implications of consistent water piping for plankton community assembly on island lakes.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-019-04000-7","usgsCitation":"Maitland, B.M., O’Malley, B., and Stewart, D.J., 2019, Subsurface water piping prevents meromixis in a deep volcanic crater lake (Dominica, West Indies): Hydrobiologia, v. 839, no. 1, p. 119-130, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-04000-7.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"130","ipdsId":"IP-105482","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Dominica","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -61.6387939453125,\n 15.151671572942313\n ],\n [\n -61.0675048828125,\n 15.151671572942313\n ],\n [\n -61.0675048828125,\n 15.739388446649146\n ],\n [\n -61.6387939453125,\n 15.739388446649146\n ],\n [\n -61.6387939453125,\n 15.151671572942313\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"839","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maitland, Bryan M. 0000-0002-4491-5064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-5064","contributorId":216559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maitland","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Malley, Brian 0000-0001-5035-3080 bomalley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5035-3080","contributorId":216560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Malley","given":"Brian","email":"bomalley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Donald J. 0000-0002-1138-4834","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1138-4834","contributorId":216561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12623,"text":"State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70206621,"text":"70206621 - 2019 - Authigenic mineral texture in submarine 1979 basalt drill core, Surtsey volcano, Iceland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-15T15:20:50","indexId":"70206621","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-22T08:09:53","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Authigenic mineral texture in submarine 1979 basalt drill core, Surtsey volcano, Iceland","docAbstract":"Micrometer-scale maps of authigenic microstructures in submarine basaltic tuff specimens from a 1979 Surtsey volcano, Iceland, drill core acquired 15 years after eruptions terminated provide fresh perspectives for deciphering the initial alteration of oceanic basalt in a low temperature hydrothermal system. A novel investigative approach integrates synchrotron source X-ray microdiffraction (µXRD), X-ray microfluoresence (µXRF), micro-computed tomography (µCT), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) coupled with Raman spectroscopy to create finely resolved spatial frameworks that record a continuum of alteration in glass and olivine. Micro-analytical maps of vesicular and fractured lapilli in specimens from 157.1, 137.9, and 102.6 m depth, and borehole temperatures of 83, 93.9 and 141.3 °C measured in 1980, respectively, record the production of nanocrystalline clay mineral, zeolites, and Al-tobermorite in diverse microenvironments. Nanocrystalline clay mineral (nontronite) and zeolite (amicite) texture in linear microstructures have concentrically-oriented crystallographic preferred orientation. Raman spectra indicating degraded organic carbonaceous matter are associated with nanocrystalline clay mineral in 10–25 nm, sub-circular nanoscale cavities in altered glass at 137.9 m depth and in a concentrically-layered, crystallographically-oriented linear microstructure in altered olivine at 102.6 m. These features have little resemblance to previously described alteration features in basalt. Irregular alteration fronts between fresh and altered glass at 157.1 depth, however, show a resemblance to microchannels in older basalts. The integrated analyses describe the complex organization of previously unrecognized mineral textures in very young basalt and provide a foundational mineralogical reference for longitudinal, time-lapse characterizations of palagonitized basalt in oceanic environments.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019GC008304","usgsCitation":"Jackson, M., Couper, S., Stan, S., Ivarsson, M., Czabaj, M., Tamura, N., Parkinson, D., Miyagi, L., and Moore, J.G., 2019, Authigenic mineral texture in submarine 1979 basalt drill core, Surtsey volcano, Iceland: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 20, no. 7, p. 3751-3773, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008304.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"3751","endPage":"3773","ipdsId":"IP-108238","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gc008304","text":"External Repository"},{"id":369190,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Iceland","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-14.5087,66.45589],[-14.73964,65.80875],[-13.60973,65.12667],[-14.90983,64.36408],[-17.79444,63.67875],[-18.65625,63.49638],[-19.97275,63.64363],[-22.76297,63.96018],[-21.77848,64.40212],[-23.95504,64.89113],[-22.1844,65.08497],[-22.22742,65.37859],[-24.32618,65.61119],[-23.65051,66.26252],[-22.13492,66.41047],[-20.57628,65.73211],[-19.05684,66.2766],[-17.79862,65.99385],[-16.16782,66.52679],[-14.5087,66.45589]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iceland\"}}]}","volume":"20","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, M.D.","contributorId":220563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Couper, S.","contributorId":220564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Couper","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stan, S.V.","contributorId":220565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stan","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13621,"text":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ivarsson, M.","contributorId":220566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ivarsson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35818,"text":"University of Southern Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Czabaj, M.W.","contributorId":220567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czabaj","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tamura, N.","contributorId":220568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tamura","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38900,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parkinson, D.","contributorId":220569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parkinson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38900,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miyagi, L.M.","contributorId":220570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miyagi","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70203343,"text":"fs20193030 - 2019 - Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Sirte and Pelagian Basin Provinces of Libya, Tunisia, Malta, and Italy, 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-24T15:16:09","indexId":"fs20193030","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-21T16:30:30","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-3030","displayTitle":"Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Sirte and Pelagian Basin Provinces of Libya, Tunisia, Malta, and Italy, 2019","title":"Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Sirte and Pelagian Basin Provinces of Libya, Tunisia, Malta, and Italy, 2019","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated undiscovered, technically recoverable mean resources of 16.4 billion barrels of oil and 106.3 trillion cubic feet of gas in the Sirte and Pelagian Basin Provinces of Libya, Tunisia, Malta, and Italy.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20193030","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Mercier, T.J., Tennyson, M.E., Le, P.A., Pitman, J.K., Drake, R.M., II, Brownfield, M.E., and Finn, T.M., 2019, Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Sirte and Pelagian Basin Provinces of Libya, Tunisia, Malta, and Italy, 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3030, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193030.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-106035","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3030/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":364847,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3030/fs20193030.pdf","text":"Report","size":"716 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2019-3030"}],"country":"Italy, Libya, Malta, Tunisia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 7.4267578125,\n 25.760319754713887\n ],\n [\n 19.731445312499996,\n 25.760319754713887\n ],\n [\n 19.731445312499996,\n 38.37611542403604\n ],\n [\n 7.4267578125,\n 38.37611542403604\n ],\n [\n 7.4267578125,\n 25.760319754713887\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
We document the first breeding record of Limpkin, Aramus guarauna (Linnaeus, 1766) (Gruiformes, Aramidae), for Louisiana, describe an additional unpublished breeding record from Georgia, as well as a possible record from Alabama, and associate these patterns with the concurrent establishment of the invasive Giant Apple Snail, Pomacea maculata Perry, 1810 (Caenogastropoda, Ampullariidae). We predict that an invasive prey species may facilitate range expansion by native predator species, which has ramifications for conservation and management.
Camera-trapping data analyzed with spatially explicit capture–recapture (SCR) models can provide a rigorous method for estimating density of small populations of elusive carnivore species. We sought to develop and evaluate the efficacy of SCR models for estimating density of a presumed low-density bobcat (Lynx rufus) population in fragmented landscapes of west-central Illinois, USA. We analyzed camera-trapping data from 49 camera stations in a 1,458-km2 area deployed over a 77-day period from 1 February to 18 April 2017. Mean operational time of cameras was 52 days (range = 32–67 days). We captured 23 uniquely identifiable bobcats 113 times and recaptured these same individuals 90 times; 15 of 23 (65.2%) individuals were recaptured at ≥2 camera traps. Total number of bobcat capture events was 139, of which 26 (18.7%) were discarded from analyses because of poor image quality or capture of only a part of an animal in photographs. Of 113 capture events used in analyses, 106 (93.8%) and 7 (6.2%) were classified as positive and tentative identifications, respectively; agreement on tentative identifications of bobcats was high (71.4%) among 3 observers. We photographed bobcats at 36 of 49 (73.5%) camera stations, of which 34 stations were used in analyses. We estimated bobcat density at 1.40 individuals (range = 1.00–2.02)/100 km 2. Our modeled bobcat density estimates are considerably below previously reported densities (30.5 individuals/100 km 2) within the state, and among the lowest yet recorded for the species. Nevertheless, use of remote cameras and SCR models was a viable technique for reliably estimating bobcat density across west-central Illinois. Our research establishes ecological benchmarks for understanding potential effects of colonization, habitat fragmentation, and exploitation on future assessments of bobcat density using standardized methodologies that can be compared directly over time. Further application of SCR models that quantify specific costs of animal movements (i.e., least-cost path models) while accounting for landscape connectivity has great utility and relevance for conservation and management of bobcat populations across fragmented Midwestern landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.968","usgsCitation":"Jacques, C., Klaver, R.W., Swearingen, T.C., Davis, E.D., Anderson, C., Jenks, J., DePerno, C.S., and Bluett, R.D., 2019, Estimating density and detection of bobcats in fragmented Midwestern landscapes using spatial capture-recapture data from camera traps: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 43, no. 2, p. 256-264, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.968.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"256","endPage":"264","ipdsId":"IP-099506","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/0695d4aeb0ef43ef984fb13bc46339bd","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","county":"Handcock, Schuyler","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.2139892578125,\n 40.01289077952615\n ],\n [\n -90.45867919921875,\n 40.01289077952615\n ],\n [\n -90.45867919921875,\n 40.330842639095756\n ],\n [\n -91.2139892578125,\n 40.330842639095756\n ],\n [\n -91.2139892578125,\n 40.01289077952615\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacques, Christopher N.","contributorId":264323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacques","given":"Christopher N.","affiliations":[{"id":49637,"text":"Western Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swearingen, Tim C.","contributorId":274286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swearingen","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":49637,"text":"Western Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Edward D.","contributorId":274508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Charles R.","contributorId":274287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Charles R.","affiliations":[{"id":39887,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":274288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DePerno, Christopher S.","contributorId":10327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePerno","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bluett, Robert D.","contributorId":274290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bluett","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40911,"text":"Illinois DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70205550,"text":"70205550 - 2019 - Toxicity of aluminum to Ceriodaphnia dubia in low-hardness waters as affected by natural dissolved organic matter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T10:09:12","indexId":"70205550","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-21T10:44:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Toxicity of aluminum to Ceriodaphnia dubia in low-hardness waters as affected by natural dissolved organic matter","title":"Toxicity of aluminum to Ceriodaphnia dubia in low-hardness waters as affected by natural dissolved organic matter","docAbstract":"We conducted a series of 7‐d toxicity tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia in dilutions of low‐hardness natural waters, which contained dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations up to 10 mg/L. Stream waters were mixed with well water to achieve 2 target hardness levels (20 and 35 mg/L) and 4 DOC concentrations. Tests with aluminum (Al)‐spiked waters were conducted in a controlled CO2 atmosphere to maintain the pH at a range of 6.0 to 6.5. The results were used to estimate effect concentrations for survival and reproduction, expressed as total (unfiltered) Al concentrations. There were small differences in total‐Al thresholds between waters with 20 and 35 mg/L hardness, but effect concentrations for C. dubia survival (median lethal concentrations) and reproduction (effect concentrations, 20%) increased log‐linearly with increasing DOC concentrations in the range, 0.3 to 6 mg/L. Slopes of these regressions were similar to slopes from data used to revise the US Environmental Protection Agency water quality criterion for Al, but toxic effects in the present study occurred at total‐Al concentrations 8‐ to 10‐fold greater than toxicity values used for criteria development. This difference probably reflects the long equilibration (aging) times of Al test waters used in the present study (up to 192 h) compared with short (3‐h) equilibration times in other studies used for criteria development. These results confirm the importance of DOC as a control on Al toxicity in low‐hardness waters, but they also demonstrate that total‐Al concentrations are not predictive of Al toxicity, except under defined water quality (pH, hardness, DOC) and exposure conditions (e.g., aging of test waters).
","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","doi":"10.1002/etc.4523","usgsCitation":"Besser, J.M., Cleveland, D.M., Ivey, C.D., and Blake, L., 2019, Toxicity of aluminum to Ceriodaphnia dubia in low-hardness waters as affected by natural dissolved organic matter: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 38, no. 10, p. 2121-2127, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4523.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2121","endPage":"2127","ipdsId":"IP-103641","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P99K901R","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Survival and growth of rainbow trout and warm water fishes exposed to selected contaminants"},{"id":437413,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F71R6P1H","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Toxicity of aluminum to Ceriodaphnia dubia in natural waters as affected by hardness and dissolved organic matter"},{"id":367667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Besser, John M. 0000-0002-9464-2244 jbesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9464-2244","contributorId":2073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besser","given":"John","email":"jbesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleveland, Danielle M. 0000-0003-3880-4584 dcleveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-4584","contributorId":187471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Danielle","email":"dcleveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ivey, Chris D. 0000-0002-0485-7242 civey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-7242","contributorId":3308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivey","given":"Chris","email":"civey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blake, Laura","contributorId":216576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blake","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":39479,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey, New England Water Science Center, Northborough, MA (Retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203652,"text":"gip191 - 2019 - Coastal and marine science of the U.S. Geological Survey in Woods Hole, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-01T11:00:27","indexId":"gip191","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-21T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"191","displayTitle":"Coastal and Marine Science of the U.S. Geological Survey in Woods Hole, Massachusetts","title":"Coastal and marine science of the U.S. Geological Survey in Woods Hole, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, is one of three centers serving the mission of the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program (CMHRP). Since its authorization by Congress in 1962, the CMHRP has served as the primary Federal program for marine geology and physical science research and is responsible for the Nation’s entire coastal and marine landscape. The center’s staff of about 100 conducts scientific research in various locations throughout the United States to describe and understand the processes shaping coastal ecosystems, such as dunes, beaches, salt marshes, and lakes, and marine ecosystems, like the continental shelf and the deep sea. The center’s research products are used by other Federal agencies, State and local entities, private organizations, and the public to make informed decisions about the use, management, and protection of our coastal and marine resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip191","isbn":"978-1-4113-4309-2","collaboration":" ","usgsCitation":"Ernst, S., 2019, Coastal and marine science of the U.S. Geological Survey in Woods Hole, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 191, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip191.","productDescription":"16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-104389","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364693,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0191/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":364694,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0191/gip191.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIP 191"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachsetts","city":"Woods Hole","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.65225005149841,\n 41.53251525939017\n ],\n [\n -70.65027594566345,\n 41.53251525939017\n ],\n [\n -70.65027594566345,\n 41.53384845596374\n ],\n [\n -70.65225005149841,\n 41.53384845596374\n ],\n [\n -70.65225005149841,\n 41.53251525939017\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Quissett Campus
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in Richland Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. In 2014, about 41.73 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) of water were withdrawn in Richland Parish, including about 28.57 Mgal/d from groundwater sources and 13.17 Mgal/d from surface-water sources. Withdrawals for agricultural use, composed of general irrigation, rice irrigation, aquaculture, and livestock uses, accounted for about 88 percent (36.88 Mgal/d) of the total water withdrawn. Other categories of use included public supply, which accounted for about 10 percent (4.38 Mgal/d) of the total water withdrawn and rural domestic which accounted for about 1 percent (0.48 Mgal/d). Water-use data collected at 5-year intervals from 1960 to 2010 and again in 2014 indicate that water withdrawals peaked in 1980 at more than 60 Mgal/d.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20193005","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., 2019, Water resources of Richland Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3005, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193005.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-081701","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364648,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3005/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":364649,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3005/fs20193005.pdf","text":"Report","size":"723 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2019–3005"},{"id":364650,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78051VM","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Water withdrawals by source and category in Louisiana Parishes, 2014–2015"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","county":"Richland 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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd., Suite 120
Baton Rouge, LA 70816
Montane plant communities throughout the world have responded to changes in temperature regimes by shifting ranges upward in elevation, and made downslope movements to track shifts in climatic water balance. Organisms that cannot disperse or adapt biologically to projected climate scenarios in situ may decrease in distributional range and abundance over time. Restoration strategies will need to incorporate the habitat suitability of future predicted conditions to ensure long-term persistence. We propagated seedlings of three native Hawaiian montane plant species from high- (~2,500 m asl) and low-elevation (~1,900 m asl) sources, planted them in 8 common plots along a 500 m elevation gradient, and monitored microclimate at each plot for 20 weeks. We explored how temperature and precipitation influenced survival and growth differently among high- and low-elevation origin seedlings. Significantly more seedlings of only one species, Dodonaea viscosa, from high-elevation origin (75.2%) survived than seedlings from low-elevation origin (58.7%) across the entire elevation gradient. Origin also influenced survival in generalized linear mixed models that controlled for temperature, precipitation, and elevation in D. viscosa and Chenopodium oahuense. Survival increased with elevation and soil moisture for Sophora chrysophylla, while it decreased for the other two species. Responses to microclimate varied between the three montane plant species; there were no common patterns of growth or survival. Although limited in temporal scope, our experiment represents one of the few attempts to examine local adaptation to prospective climate scenarios and addresses challenges to restoration efforts within species’ current ranges.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0218516","usgsCitation":"Leopold, C., and Hess, S.C., 2019, Facilitating adaptation to climate change while restoring a montane plant community: PLoS ONE, v. 14, e0218516; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218516.","productDescription":"e0218516; 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099400","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218516","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Kea Forest Reserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.6227111816406,\n 19.796425363822532\n ],\n [\n -155.58013916015625,\n 19.755071768505005\n ],\n [\n -155.49087524414062,\n 19.703364698733452\n ],\n [\n -155.39886474609375,\n 19.73439094891939\n ],\n [\n -155.35491943359375,\n 19.826141627230633\n ],\n [\n -155.3631591796875,\n 19.898471023853403\n ],\n [\n -155.49087524414062,\n 19.93591434153325\n ],\n [\n -155.6227111816406,\n 19.796425363822532\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Christina 0000-0003-0499-3196","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0499-3196","contributorId":178961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leopold","given":"Christina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Steve C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":150366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steve","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70204098,"text":"70204098 - 2019 - Digital mapping of ecological land units using a nationally scalable modeling framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-05T15:40:57","indexId":"70204098","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-20T15:37:53","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"title":"Digital mapping of ecological land units using a nationally scalable modeling framework","docAbstract":"Ecological site descriptions (ESDs) and associated state-and-transition models (STMs) provide a nationally consistent classification and information system for defining ecological land units for management applications in the United States. Current spatial representations of ESDs, however, occur via soil mapping and are therefore confined to the spatial resolution used to map soils within a survey area. Land management decisions occur across a range of spatial scales and therefore require ecological information that spans similar scales. Digital mapping provides an approach for optimizing the spatial scale of modeling products to best serve decision makers and have the greatest impact in addressing land management concerns. Here, we present a spatial modeling framework for mapping ecological sites using machine learning algorithms, soil survey field observations, soil survey geographic databases, ecological site data, and a suite of remote sensing-based spatial covariates (e.g., hyper-temporal remote sensing, terrain attributes, climate data, land-cover, lithology). Based on the theoretical association between ecological sites and landscape biophysical properties, we hypothesized that the spatial distribution of ecological sites could be predicted using readily available geospatial data. This modeling approach was tested at two study areas within the western United States, representing 6.1 million ha on the Colorado Plateau and 7.5 million ha within the Chihuahuan Desert. Results show our approach was effective in mapping grouped ecological site classes (ESGs), with 10-fold cross-validation accuracies of 70% in the Colorado Plateau based on 1405 point observations across eight expertly-defined ESG classes and 79% in the Chihuahuan Desert based on 2589 point observations across nine expertly-defined ESG classes. Model accuracies were also evaluated using external-validation datasets; resulting in 56 and 44% correct classification for the Colorado Plateau and Chihuahuan Desert, respectively. National coverage of the training and covariate data used in this study provides opportunities for a consistent national-scale mapping effort of ecological sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies (ACSESS)","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2018.09.0346","usgsCitation":"Maynard, J.J., Nauman, T.W., Salley, S.W., Bestelmeyer, B.T., Duniway, M.C., Talbot, C.J., and Brown, J.R., 2019, Digital mapping of ecological land units using a nationally scalable modeling framework, v. 83, no. 3, p. 666-686, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2018.09.0346.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"666","endPage":"686","ipdsId":"IP-102201","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert, Colorado Plateau","volume":"83","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maynard, Jonathan J.","contributorId":216782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maynard","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":39514,"text":"USDA-Agricultural Resource Service, Jornada Experimental Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nauman, Travis W. 0000-0001-8004-0608 tnauman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-0608","contributorId":169241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nauman","given":"Travis","email":"tnauman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salley, Shawn W.","contributorId":216783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salley","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":39514,"text":"USDA-Agricultural Resource Service, Jornada Experimental Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.","contributorId":26180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bestelmeyer","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6973,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range and Jornada Basin LTER, Las Cruces, NM; New Mexico State University, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Las Cruces, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Talbot, Curtis J.","contributorId":177878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Talbot","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brown, Joel R.","contributorId":177880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70203828,"text":"70203828 - 2019 - State of lake ecosystem conference sub Indicator: Prey fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-20T13:45:05","indexId":"70203828","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-20T13:43:36","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"State of lake ecosystem conference sub Indicator: Prey fish","docAbstract":"Overall Assessment\nStatus: Fair\nTrends\n10-Year Trend: Unchanging\n\nLong-term Trend (1973-2017): Undetermined\n\nRationale: Great Lakes prey fish community status remains ”Fair” based on diversity and percent native species, but individual lake status varied. Both diversity and percent native metrics were classified as “Good” in Lake Superior, but “Poor” in Lake Ontario (Table 1). Lakes Huron and Michigan were both “Fair” (Table 1). In Lake Erie, diversity remained “Fair,” but the proportion native species shifted to “Poor,” resulting in an overall conservative classification of “Poor” (Table 1). Four of the five lakes had the same status as the previous reporting period, but Lake Erie shifted from “Fair” to “Poor.”\n\nAt the ten-year timescale, lake-specific trends were “Unchanging” in three lakes and “Deteriorating” in two lakes (Table 2). The trend for all lakes was therefore categorized as “Unchanging.” It is important to recognize six of the ten individual prey fish metrics did not trend up or down over the past ten years (Table 2). In Lake Erie, diversity and percent native were both “Deteriorating” and the Lake Michigan diversity was noted as “Deteriorating.” The only “Improving” trend was observed in the Lake Ontario where the percent of native species significantly increased from two to four percent of the total catch due to increased relative abundance of native Deepwater Sculpin (Weidel et al., 2017b).\n\nLong-term prey fish trends varied substantially with categorizations of “Improving,” “Deteriorating,” and\n\n“Undetermined,” and two lakes were “Unchanging” (Table 2). Because many of the long-term trends were in opposite directions, the overall classification for the long-term trend was “Undetermined.” In Lake Superior, both metrics have “Improving,” in Lake Michigan diversity is “Improving,” and in Lake Huron the percent native metric is “Improving” as non-native Alewife declined, and the relative importance of native Bloater increased. Alternatively, Lake Ontario long-term trends are “Deteriorating” as the proportion of Alewife in catches has increased. No long-term trends were detected in either of the Lake Erie metrics.\n\nPrey fish community changes are driven by changing ecosystem conditions including productivity changes, fluctuating predator composition and density, increasing water clarity, increasing water temperatures, and non-native species effects. While these driving factors are changing in similar directions across the region, because lakes are unique in their nutrient concentrations, morphometry, hydrology, and fish communities, the prey fish communities in each lake respond differently to changes in ecosystem drivers (Figure 1).","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"State of the Great Lakes 2017 Technical Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Environment and Climate Change Canada, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Weidel, B., 2019, State of lake ecosystem conference sub Indicator: Prey fish, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"262","ipdsId":"IP-101438","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://binational.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/SOGL_2017_Technical_Report-EN.pdf"}],"country":"United States, Canada","geographicExtents":" {\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.0322265625,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -75.849609375,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -75.849609375,\n 49.1242192485914\n ],\n [\n -93.0322265625,\n 49.1242192485914\n ],\n [\n -93.0322265625,\n 41.21172151054787\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70203905,"text":"70203905 - 2019 - Rapid broad-scale ecosystem changes and their consequences for biodiversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-25T08:10:11","indexId":"70203905","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-20T13:30:32","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Rapid broad-scale ecosystem changes and their consequences for biodiversity","docAbstract":"Biodiversity contributes to and depends on ecosystem structure and associated function. Ecosystem structure, such as the amount and type of tree cover, influences fundamental abiotic variables such as near-ground incoming solar radiation (e.g., Royer et al. 2011), which in turn affects species and associated biodiversity (e.g., Trotter et al. 2008). In many systems, foundational, dominant, or keystone species (or species groups) are important in determining biodiversity, often because of their role in determining ecosystem structure. At spatial scales ranging from ecosystems to regions and larger, structural characteristics of vegetation or other structurally dominant organisms such as corals can influence species diversity, whether focused on alpha diversity (mean species diversity at the habitat level), beta diversity (differentiation among habitats), or gamma diversity (total species diversity across a landscape; Whittaker 1960). Climate change is projected to alter ecosystems at broad scales. In many cases, this will be due to extreme climate events such as droughts, floods and hurricanes, the effects of which can be rapid (IPCC 2012). Consequently, rapid broad-scale changes in ecosystems are of increasing concern. Climate change can directly affect species physiology, phenology, and distribution, as highlighted throughout this book (e.g. Citations to chapters in this volume to be added). Changes in one species can also affect other species (Cahill et al. 2013), particularly when dominant or co-dominant species that collectively provide habitat for other species are impacted (e.g. tree canopy architecture in many forest ecosystems; coral species via their reefs). Several rapid ecological changes have occurred at spatial scales that are sufficiently broad enough to represent biome changes (Gonzalez et al. 2010, Settele et al. 2014; Fig. 1 A). Rapid broad-scale changes differ from other patterns of vegetation dynamics in that they result in a “crash” in one or more populations (Breshears et al. 2008) over large areas of the affected region. Rapid broad-scale changes triggered by climate can include mega-fires; drought-triggered tree die-off and associated pest and pathogen outbreaks (Breshears et al. 2005, Safranyik et al. 2007); and hurricanes and wind-throw events (IPCC 2012, 2014). These rapid broad-scale changes can rapidly alter other factors such as resultant microclimate, which in turn can affect numerous other species and associated biodiversity (Royer et al. 2011; Fig. 1B). Many examples of broad-scale changes are documented in the paleoecology literature (Settele et al. 2014), although the temporal resolution at which those events can be resolved is relatively coarse (often centuries or longer). Such broad-scale changes documented in the paleoecology literature provide examples of types of change are likely to be of increasing concern in the future (Settele et al. 2014). Contemporary events have highlighted that broad-scale changes can occur rapidly (years or less; Breshears et al. 2005, Gonzalez et al. 2010, Settele et al. 2014). These rapid broad-scale changes will have important consequences for biodiversity beyond the direct impacts of climate change through the cascading effects associated with ecosystem structural and functional changes. The objective of this chapter is to alert readers to recent and projected rapid ecosystem changes and their potential consequences for biodiversity at ecosystem, landscape and regional scales.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biodiversity and climate change--Transforming the biosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Yale University Press","usgsCitation":"Breshears, D.D., Field, J.P., Law, D.J., Villegas, J.C., Allen, C.D., Cobb, N.S., and Bradford, J.B., 2019, Rapid broad-scale ecosystem changes and their consequences for biodiversity, chap. of Biodiversity and climate change--Transforming the biosphere, p. 80-90.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"90","ipdsId":"IP-082686","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364830,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nau.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/rapid-broad-scale-ecosystem-changes-and-their-consequences-for-bi"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breshears, David D.","contributorId":51620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breshears","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, Jason P.","contributorId":216389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Field","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":39400,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Law, Darin J.","contributorId":216390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Law","given":"Darin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":39400,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villegas, Juan C.","contributorId":216391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villegas","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":39401,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Escuela Ambiental-Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cobb, Neil S.","contributorId":200776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cobb","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70203901,"text":"70203901 - 2019 - Determining Moho depth beneath sedimentary basins using regional Pn multiples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-20T12:45:15","indexId":"70203901","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-20T12:44:27","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining Moho depth beneath sedimentary basins using regional Pn multiples","docAbstract":"The study of the Moho beneath thick sedimentary basins involving natural earthquakes is challenging, as low‐velocity materials often cause strong reverberations that mask Moho signals. Here, we develop a method to determine the depth of the Moho by taking advantage of the presence of the sediments. The method utilizes the first Pn crustal multiple from regional earthquakes PnPn and its differential travel time with respect to Pn. PnPn is usually weak in amplitude; thus, it is difficult to identify in regions without a sedimentary cover. However, PnPn is significantly amplified in the presence of low‐velocity sediments because of an increase in the near‐surface P‐to‐P reflection coefficient. The arrival time, amplitude, and wave shape of PnPn, if normalized by the reference Pn, are insensitive to earthquake source parameters, such as focal mechanism and focal depth. We demonstrate the potential of this method using both 1D and 2D waveform simulations. Synthetic waveforms suggest that PmpPn and PnPmp (one Pn leg merges to PmP near the source or the receiver) largely contribute to the PnPn amplitudes, which depend on the near‐surface structure at their free‐surface P‐to‐P reflection points. We further validate the method with two field examples in the Imperial Valley; one is near the United States–Mexico border, and the other is in Oklahoma in the central United States. Both examples suggest that the method can be used to study the Moho either near the source or the receiver.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120180325","usgsCitation":"Yu, C., Zhan, Z., Hauksson, E., Cochran, E.S., and Helmberger, D., 2019, Determining Moho depth beneath sedimentary basins using regional Pn multiples: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 109, no. 3, p. 1171-1179, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120180325.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1171","endPage":"1179","ipdsId":"IP-103510","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yu, C.","contributorId":216383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhan, Z.","contributorId":216384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhan","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hauksson, E.","contributorId":196003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hauksson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Helmberger, D.","contributorId":216385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helmberger","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203903,"text":"70203903 - 2019 - LANDFIRE remap prototype mapping effort: Developing a new framework for mapping vegetation classification, change, and structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-20T12:40:50","indexId":"70203903","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-20T12:37:40","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5678,"text":"Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"LANDFIRE remap prototype mapping effort: Developing a new framework for mapping vegetation classification, change, and structure","docAbstract":"LANDFIRE (LF) National (2001) was the original product suite of the LANDFIRE program, which included Existing Vegetation Cover (EVC), Height (EVH), and Type (EVT). Subsequent refinements after feedback from data users resulted in updated products, referred to as LF 2001, that now served as LANDFIRE’s baseline datasets and are the basis for all subsequent LANDFIRE updates. These updates account for disturbances and vegetation transitions changes that may not represent current vegetation conditions. Therefore, in 2016 LANDFIRE initiated the Remap prototype to determine how to undertake a national-scale remap of the LANDFIRE primary vegetation datasets. EVC, EVH, and EVT were produced (circa 2015) via modeling for ecologically variable prototyping areas in the Pacific Northwest (NW) and Grand Canyon (GC). An error analysis within the GC suggested an overall accuracy of 52% (N = 800) for EVT, and a goodness of fit of 51% (N = 38) for percent cover (continuous EVC) and 53% (N = 38) for height (continuous EVH). The prototyping effort included a new 81-class map using the National Vegetation Classification (NVC) within the NW. This paper presents a narrative of the innovative methodologies in image processing and mapping used to create the new LANDFIRE vegetation products.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/fire2020035","usgsCitation":"Picotte, J.J., Dockter, D., Long, J., Tolk, B.L., Davidson, A., and Peterson, B., 2019, LANDFIRE remap prototype mapping effort: Developing a new framework for mapping vegetation classification, change, and structure: Fire, v. 2, no. 2, p. 1-26, https://doi.org/10.3390/fire2020035.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"26","ipdsId":"IP-108452","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fire2020035","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364823,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/2/2/35"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Picotte, Joshua J. 0000-0002-4021-4623 jpicotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-4623","contributorId":4626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Picotte","given":"Joshua","email":"jpicotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dockter, Daryn 0000-0003-1914-8657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-8657","contributorId":216392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dockter","given":"Daryn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, Jordan 0000-0002-4814-464X jlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-464X","contributorId":3609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Jordan","email":"jlong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davidson, Anne","contributorId":197967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davidson","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peterson, Birgit 0000-0002-4356-1540 bpeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4356-1540","contributorId":192353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Birgit","email":"bpeterson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70203364,"text":"fs20193031 - 2019 - Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of the Grand Erg/Ahnet Province, Algeria, 2018","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-25T08:14:32","indexId":"fs20193031","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-20T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-3031","displayTitle":"Assessment of Undiscovered Conventional Oil and Gas Resources of the Grand Erg/Ahnet Province, Algeria, 2018","title":"Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of the Grand Erg/Ahnet Province, Algeria, 2018","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated undiscovered, technically recoverable mean resources of 378 million barrels of oil and 7 trillion cubic feet of gas in the Grand Erg/Ahnet Province of Algeria.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20193031","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Mercier, T.J., Tennyson, M.E., Finn, T.M., Le, P.A., Pitman, J.K., Drake, R.M., II, Brownfield, M.E., Gaswirth, S.B., and Leathers-Miller, H.M., 2019, Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of the Grand Erg/Ahnet Province, Algeria, 2018: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3031, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193031.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-106641","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364818,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3031/fs20193031.pdf","text":"Report","size":"716 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2019-3031"},{"id":364817,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3031/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Algeria","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[11.99951,23.47167],[8.57289,21.56566],[5.67757,19.60121],[4.26742,19.15527],[3.15813,19.05736],[3.14666,19.69358],[2.68359,19.85623],[2.06099,20.14223],[1.82323,20.61081],[-1.55005,22.79267],[-4.92334,24.97457],[-8.6844,27.39574],[-8.66512,27.58948],[-8.66559,27.65643],[-8.67412,28.84129],[-7.05923,29.57923],[-6.06063,29.7317],[-5.24213,30.00044],[-4.85965,30.50119],[-3.69044,30.89695],[-3.6475,31.63729],[-3.06898,31.7245],[-2.6166,32.09435],[-1.3079,32.26289],[-1.12455,32.65152],[-1.38805,32.86402],[-1.73345,33.91971],[-1.79299,34.52792],[-2.16991,35.1684],[-1.2086,35.71485],[-0.12745,35.88866],[0.50388,36.30127],[1.46692,36.60565],[3.1617,36.7839],[4.81576,36.86504],[5.32012,36.71652],[6.26182,37.11066],[7.33038,37.11838],[7.73708,36.88571],[8.42096,36.94643],[8.21782,36.43318],[8.37637,35.47988],[8.14098,34.65515],[7.52448,34.09738],[7.61264,33.34411],[8.43047,32.74834],[8.4391,32.50628],[9.0556,32.10269],[9.48214,30.30756],[9.80563,29.42464],[9.86,28.95999],[9.68388,28.14417],[9.75613,27.68826],[9.62906,27.14095],[9.71629,26.51221],[9.31941,26.09432],[9.91069,25.36545],[9.94826,24.93695],[10.30385,24.37931],[10.77136,24.56253],[11.56067,24.09791],[11.99951,23.47167]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Algeria\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
Birds select critical resources to meet needs that vary in response to spatial, temporal, and individual variation. As an example, perch or roost sites may be at locations that provide protection from predators, mobbing, or inclement weather. Applied to large, soaring predators, this theory suggests that they may select perch and roost sites near food resources or at sites where environmental updrafts develop. To test these theories, we characterized selection of nonflight locations throughout the annual cycle for Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in eastern North America. We determined factors associated with selection of perching (daytime) and roosting (nighttime) sites by eagles by comparing land cover and topographic characteristics of GPS telemetry locations for eagles (used) with random (available) locations. We separately assessed selection for perch and roost sites during each of 4 seasons (winter, summer, and spring and fall migration). Golden Eagles showed different selection patterns for perching by season and age. Throughout the year, eagles selected perch sites on steep slopes. The direction these slopes faced differed among seasons, with eagles selecting south-facing slopes in summer and east-facing slopes during migration. Adults showed greater preferences for broadleaf forests in summer and for ridges in fall. Patterns of perch-site use were consistent with selection for sites that provide thermal protection and access to thermal updrafts. We found few patterns of selection for roosting sites. Our analysis provides insight into decision-making by a longdistance migrant across its annual cycle and throughout its geographic range, and thus into how resource selection changes seasonally.
The Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer (MRVA) caps a shallow system of aquifers and confining units in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) that extends across 45,000 square miles of the midwestern and southern United States from Illinois to Louisiana. Irrigation water from the MRVA is required to sustain extensive crop production, which has resulted in groundwater-level declines since the late 1920s equal to nearly half of its thickness and in reduced baseflow of streams. Increased groundwater withdrawal for irrigation is expected to continue and threatens complete and irreversible aquifer dewatering (depletion). The exact amount of dewatering in the MRVA is uncertain because its vertical extent is poorly defined and the effects of groundwater withdrawal on the aquifer are not well understood. To provide stakeholders and managers with information and tools that promote understanding of the hydrogeologic framework of the MAP extent and its role in water-resource management, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Availability and Use Science Program has funded a 5-year effort to assess groundwater availability and project future sustainability of water resources. Part of this study involves mapping the bottom altitude and thickness of the aquifer by using compilations of hydrogeologic data and applications of geostatistical analytics. Results of this mapping effort, presented here, are intended to enhance characterization of the shallow hydrogeologic framework and direct future airborne, ground-based, and waterborne geophysical surveys. Data used in support of the findings presented in this report are available as a USGS data release (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D9XR5F).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3426","usgsCitation":"Torak, L.J., and Painter, J.A., 2019, Geostatistical estimation of the bottom altitude and thickness of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3426, 2 sheets, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3426.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 28 x 34 inches; Data Release","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-100531","costCenters":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364621,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D9XR5F","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Digital surfaces of the bottom altitude and thickness of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and site data within the Mississippi Alluvial Plain project region"},{"id":364619,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3426/sim3426_sheet01.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"1.46 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3426"},{"id":364620,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3426/sim3426_sheet02.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"1.27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3426"},{"id":364618,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3426/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.054,30.4913 ], [ -94.054,38.5052 ], [ -86.5118,38.5052 ], [ -86.5118,30.4913 ], [ -94.054,30.4913 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road, Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
After 53 years of quiescence, Mount Agung awoke in August 2017, with intense seismicity, measurable ground deformation, and thermal anomalies in the summit crater. Although the seismic unrest peaked in late September and early October, the volcano did not start erupting until 21 November. The most intense explosive eruptions with accompanying rapid lava effusion occurred between 25 and 29 November. Smaller infrequent explosions and extrusions continue through the present (June 2019). The delay between intense unrest and eruption caused considerable challenges to emergency responders, local and national governmental agencies, and the population of Bali near the volcano, including over 140,000 evacuees. This paper provides an overview of the volcanic activity at Mount Agung from the viewpoint of the volcano observatory and other scientists responding to the volcanic crisis. We discuss the volcanic activity as well as key data streams used to track it. We provide evidence that magma intruded into the mid-crust in early 2017, and again in August of that year, prior to intrusion of an inferred dike between Mount Agung and Batur Caldera that initiated an earthquake swarm in late September. We summarize efforts to forecast the behavior of the volcano, to quantify exclusion zones for evacuations, and to work with emergency responders and other government agencies to make decisions during a complex and tense volcanic crisis.