Background: Ingestion of inorganic arsenic in drinking water is recognized as a cause of bladder cancer when levels are relatively high (≥ 150 µg/L). The epidemiologic evidence is less clear at the low-to-moderate concentrations typically observed in the United States. Accurate retrospective exposure assessment over a long time period is a major challenge in conducting epidemiologic studies of environmental factors and diseases with long latency, such as cancer.
Objective: We estimated arsenic concentrations in the water supplies of 2,611 participants in a population-based case–control study in northern New England.
Methods: Estimates covered the lifetimes of most study participants and were based on a combination of arsenic measurements at the homes of the participants and statistical modeling of arsenic concentrations in the water supply of both past and current homes. We assigned a residential water supply arsenic concentration for 165,138 (95%) of the total 173,361 lifetime exposure years (EYs) and a workplace water supply arsenic level for 85,195 EYs (86% of reported occupational years).
Results: Three methods accounted for 93% of the residential estimates of arsenic concentration: direct measurement of water samples (27%; median, 0.3 µg/L; range, 0.1–11.5), statistical models of water utility measurement data (49%; median, 0.4 µg/L; range, 0.3–3.3), and statistical models of arsenic concentrations in wells using aquifers in New England (17%; median, 1.6 µg/L; range, 0.6–22.4).
Conclusions: We used a different validation procedure for each of the three methods, and found our estimated levels to be comparable with available measured concentrations. This methodology allowed us to calculate potential drinking water exposure over long periods.
The Nipissing phase was the last pre-modern high-water stage of the upper Great Lakes. Represented as either a one- or two-peak highstand, the Nipissing occurred following a long-term lake-level rise. This transgression was primarily an erosional event with only the final stage of the transgression preserved as barriers, spits, and strandplains of beach ridges. South of Alpena, Michigan, mid to late Holocene coastal deposits occur as a strandplain between Devils Lake and Lake Huron. The landward part of this strandplain is a higher elevation platform that formed during the final stage of lake-level rise to the Nipissing peak. The pre-Nipissing shoreline transgressed over Devils Lake lagoonal deposits from 6.4 to 6.1 ka. The first beach ridge formed ~ 6 ka, and then the shoreline advanced toward Lake Huron, producing beach ridges about every 70 years. This depositional regression produced a slightly thickening wedge of sediment during a lake-level rise that formed 20 beach ridges. The rise ended at 4.5 ka at the Nipissing peak. This peak was short-lived, as lake level fell > 4 m during the following 500 years. During this lake-level rise and subsequent fall, the shoreline underwent several forms of shoreline behavior, including erosional transgression, aggradation, depositional transgression, depositional regression, and forced regression. Other upper Great Lakes Nipissing platforms indicate that the lake-level change observed at Alpena of a rapid pre-Nipissing lake-level rise followed by a slower rise to the Nipissing peak, and a post-Nipissing rapid lake-level fall is representative of mid Holocene lake level in the upper Great Lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2011.05.012","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Thompson, T., Lepper, K., Endres, A., Johnston, J., Baedke, S., Argyilan, E., Booth, R., and Wilcox, D., 2011, Mid Holocene lake level and shoreline behavior during the Nipissing phase of the upper Great Lakes at Alpena, Michigan, USA: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 37, no. 3, p. 567-576, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2011.05.012.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"576","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215804,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2011.05.012"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Alpena","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 44.820812031724444\n ],\n [\n -83.2598876953125,\n 44.820812031724444\n ],\n [\n -83.2598876953125,\n 45.1394300814679\n ],\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 45.1394300814679\n ],\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 44.820812031724444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56b1e4b0c8380cd6d763","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, T.A.","contributorId":73226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lepper, K.","contributorId":81284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lepper","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Endres, A.L.","contributorId":71025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Endres","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnston, J.W.","contributorId":67260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baedke, S.J.","contributorId":14585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedke","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Argyilan, E.P.","contributorId":11822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Argyilan","given":"E.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Booth, R.K.","contributorId":47122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wilcox, D.A.","contributorId":55382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70034605,"text":"70034605 - 2011 - Recent changes in burbot growth in Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T13:29:25","indexId":"70034605","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent changes in burbot growth in Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Recruitment of burbot Lota lota in eastern Lake Erie, estimated by catches of age-4 burbot, was high during 1997–2001 and then abruptly declined to low levels during 2002–2007. The invasive round goby Neogobius melanostomus, a benthic species, was first collected in trawl assessments in eastern Lake Erie in 1999, and was first found in stomachs of burbot in 2001. By 2003, round goby became an important prey in the diet of burbot. We hypothesized that the combined effects of low recruitment and consumption of round goby would result in increased size-at-age in burbot. We reasoned that: (i) decreased competition for resources among juveniles should result in larger adults, and (ii) consumption of a benthic prey by a bottom-dwelling predator such as burbot should require less foraging in the water column, and thus less energetic expenditure. We divided our data into two temporal periods: one in which burbot belonged to strong year classes and ate few, if any round goby (i.e., year classes 1989–1997 collected during 1997–2001) and one in which burbot belonged to weak year classes and probably ate round gobies by age 4 (year classes 1998–2003 collected during 2002–2007). Mass and total lengths at ages 4–7 were generally higher during the second period. However, the rates of growth between ages 4 and 7 were not different for the two periods. The results indicate that greater growth at ages 0–4 resulted in larger size at ages 4–7 in the latter period. More information on juvenile diet and growth in burbot is needed for effective conservation of burbot stocks.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01845.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M., Edwards, W., and Witzel, L., 2011, Recent changes in burbot growth in Lake Erie: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 27, no. S1, p. 57-64, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01845.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"64","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487228,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01845.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215777,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01845.x"},{"id":243602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"S1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95ece4b0c8380cd81cfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, M.A.","contributorId":65437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, W.H.","contributorId":43718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Witzel, L.D.","contributorId":70324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witzel","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034595,"text":"70034595 - 2011 - Water- and sediment-quality effects on Pimephales promelas spawning vary along an agriculture-to-urban land-use gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T16:13:02.697382","indexId":"70034595","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water- and sediment-quality effects on Pimephales promelas spawning vary along an agriculture-to-urban land-use gradient","docAbstract":"Many streams in the U.S. are “impaired” due to anthropogenic influence. For watershed managers to achieve practical understanding of these impairments, a multitude of factors must be considered, including point and nonpoint-source influence on water quality. A spawning assay was developed in this study to evaluate water- and sediment-quality effects that influenced Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) egg production over a gradient of urban and agricultural land use in 27 small watersheds in Eastern Wisconsin. Six pairs of reproducing fathead minnows were contained in separate mesh cartridges within one larger flow-through chamber. Water- and sediment quality were sampled for an array of parameters. Egg production was monitored for each pair providing an assessment of spawning success throughout the 21-day test periods. Incidences of low dissolved oxygen (DO) in many of these streams negatively impacted spawning success. Nine of 27 streams experienced DO less than 3.1 mg/L and 15 streams experienced DO less than 4.8 mg/L. Low DO was observed in urban and agricultural watersheds, but the upper threshold of minimum DO decreased with increasing urban development. An increase in specific conductance was related to a decrease in spawning success. In previous studies for streams in this region, specific conductance had a linear relation with chloride, suggesting the possibility that chloride could be a factor in egg production. Egg production was lower at sites with substantial urban development, but sites with low egg production were not limited to urban sites. Degradation of water- and sediment-quality parameters with increasing urban development is indicated for multiple parameters while patterns were not detected for others. Results from this study indicate that DO must be a high priority watershed management consideration for this region, specific conductance should be investigated further to determine the mechanism of the relation with egg production, and water- and sediment-quality degrade in relation to urban influence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.014","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Corsi, S., Klaper, R., Weber, D., and Bannerman, R., 2011, Water- and sediment-quality effects on Pimephales promelas spawning vary along an agriculture-to-urban land-use gradient: Science of the Total Environment, v. 409, no. 22, p. 4847-4857, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.014.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"4847","endPage":"4857","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215626,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.014"}],"volume":"409","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcce7e4b08c986b32ddaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corsi, S.R.","contributorId":76346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klaper, R.D.","contributorId":72114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaper","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, D.N.","contributorId":15032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"D.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bannerman, R.T.","contributorId":92304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bannerman","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034589,"text":"70034589 - 2011 - MercNet: A national monitoring network to assess responses to changing mercury emissions in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T11:07:19","indexId":"70034589","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MercNet: A national monitoring network to assess responses to changing mercury emissions in the United States","docAbstract":"A partnership of federal and state agencies, tribes, industry, and scientists from academic research and environmental organizations is establishing a national, policy-relevant mercury monitoring network, called MercNet, to address key questions concerning changes in anthropogenic mercury emissions and deposition, associated linkages to ecosystem effects, and recovery from mercury contamination. This network would quantify mercury in the atmosphere, land, water, and biota in terrestrial, freshwater, and coastal ecosystems to provide a national scientific capability for evaluating the benefits and effectiveness of emission controls. Program development began with two workshops, convened to establish network goals, to select key indicators for monitoring, to propose a geographic network of monitoring sites, and to design a monitoring plan. MercNet relies strongly on multi-institutional partnerships to secure the capabilities and comprehensive data that are needed to develop, calibrate, and refine predictive mercury models and to guide effective management. Ongoing collaborative efforts include the: (1) development of regional multi-media databases on mercury in the Laurentian Great Lakes, northeastern United States, and eastern Canada; (2) syntheses and reporting of these data for the scientific and policy communities; and (3) evaluation of potential monitoring sites. The MercNet approach could be applied to the development of other monitoring programs, such as emerging efforts to monitor and assess global mercury emission controls.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1007/s10646-011-0756-4","issn":"09639292","usgsCitation":"Schmeltz, D., Evers, D., Driscoll, C.T., Artz, R., Cohen, M., Gay, D., Haeuber, R., Krabbenhoft, D., Mason, R., Morris, K., and Wiener, J., 2011, MercNet: A national monitoring network to assess responses to changing mercury emissions in the United States: Ecotoxicology, v. 20, no. 7, p. 1713-1725, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0756-4.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1713","endPage":"1725","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a53c1e4b0c8380cd6ccc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmeltz, D.","contributorId":14662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmeltz","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evers, D.C.","contributorId":36501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evers","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driscoll, C. T.","contributorId":47530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Artz, R.","contributorId":16242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artz","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cohen, M.","contributorId":92886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gay, D.","contributorId":10635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haeuber, R.","contributorId":52528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeuber","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mason, R.","contributorId":11439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Morris, K.","contributorId":38805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wiener, J.G.","contributorId":44107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiener","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70034588,"text":"70034588 - 2011 - Establishing spatial trends in water chemistry and stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) in the Elwha River prior to dam removal and salmon recolonization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-12T21:31:19","indexId":"70034588","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishing spatial trends in water chemistry and stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) in the Elwha River prior to dam removal and salmon recolonization","docAbstract":"Two high-head dams on the Elwha River in Washington State (USA) have changed the migratory patterns of resident and anadromous fish, limiting Pacific salmon to the lower 7.9 km of a river that historically supported large Pacific salmon runs. To document the effects of the dams prior to their removal, we measured carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of primary producers, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish, and water chemistry above, between and below the dams. We found that δ15N was significantly higher in fish, stoneflies, black flies, periphyton and macroalgae where salmon still have access. Fish and chloroperlid stoneflies were enriched in δ13C, but the values were more variable than in δ15N. For some taxa, there were also differences between the two river sections that lack salmon, suggesting that factors other than marine-derived nutrients are structuring longitudinal isotopic profiles. Consistent with trophic theory, macroalgae had the lowest δ15N, followed by periphyton, macroinvertebrates and fish, with a range of 6.9, 6.2 and 7.7‰ below, between, and above the dams, respectively. Water chemistry analyses confirmed earlier reports that the river is oligotrophic. Phosphorous levels in the Elwha were lower than those found in other regional rivers, with significant differences among regulated, unregulated and reference sections. The removal of these dams, among the largest of such projects ever attempted, is expected to facilitate the return of salmon and their marine-derived nutrients (MDN) throughout the watershed, possibly altering the food web structure, nutrient levels and stable isotope values that we documented.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.1413","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Duda, J., Coe, H., Morley, S., and Kloehn, K., 2011, Establishing spatial trends in water chemistry and stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) in the Elwha River prior to dam removal and salmon recolonization: River Research and Applications, v. 27, no. 10, p. 1169-1181, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1413.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1169","endPage":"1181","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215977,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1413"},{"id":243816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,45.5 ], [ -124.8,49.0 ], [ -117.0,49.0 ], [ -117.0,45.5 ], [ -124.8,45.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a64e4b0c8380cd52335","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duda, J.J. 0000-0001-7431-8634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":105073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, H.J.","contributorId":59644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morley, S.A.","contributorId":49619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morley","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kloehn, K.K.","contributorId":84995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kloehn","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034584,"text":"70034584 - 2011 - Projected evolution of California's San Francisco bay-delta-river system in a century of climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T12:15:17","indexId":"70034584","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected evolution of California's San Francisco bay-delta-river system in a century of climate change","docAbstract":"Background: Accumulating evidence shows that the planet is warming as a response to human emissions of greenhouse gases. Strategies of adaptation to climate change will require quantitative projections of how altered regional patterns of temperature, precipitation and sea level could cascade to provoke local impacts such as modified water supplies, increasing risks of coastal flooding, and growing challenges to sustainability of native species. Methodology/Principal Findings: We linked a series of models to investigate responses of California's San Francisco Estuary-Watershed (SFEW) system to two contrasting scenarios of climate change. Model outputs for scenarios of fast and moderate warming are presented as 2010-2099 projections of nine indicators of changing climate, hydrology and habitat quality. Trends of these indicators measure rates of: increasing air and water temperatures, salinity and sea level; decreasing precipitation, runoff, snowmelt contribution to runoff, and suspended sediment concentrations; and increasing frequency of extreme environmental conditions such as water temperatures and sea level beyond the ranges of historical observations. Conclusions/Significance: Most of these environmental indicators change substantially over the 21st century, and many would present challenges to natural and managed systems. Adaptations to these changes will require flexible planning to cope with growing risks to humans and the challenges of meeting demands for fresh water and sustaining native biota. Programs of ecosystem rehabilitation and biodiversity conservation in coastal landscapes will be most likely to meet their objectives if they are designed from considerations that include: (1) an integrated perspective that river-estuary systems are influenced by effects of climate change operating on both watersheds and oceans; (2) varying sensitivity among environmental indicators to the uncertainty of future climates; (3) inevitability of biological community changes as responses to cumulative effects of climate change and other drivers of habitat transformations; and (4) anticipation and adaptation to the growing probability of ecosystem regime shifts.","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0024465","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., Knowles, N., Brown, L.R., Cayan, D.R., Dettinger, M., Morgan, T., Schoellhamer, D., Stacey, M., Van der Wegen, M., Wagner, R., and Jassby, A.D., 2011, Projected evolution of California's San Francisco bay-delta-river system in a century of climate change: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 9, e24465, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024465.","productDescription":"e24465, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487226,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024465","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.09631347656249,\n 37.391981943533544\n ],\n [\n -121.87683105468749,\n 37.391981943533544\n ],\n [\n -121.87683105468749,\n 38.302869955150044\n ],\n [\n -123.09631347656249,\n 38.302869955150044\n ],\n [\n -123.09631347656249,\n 37.391981943533544\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ef7e4b0c8380cd7f4c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knowles, Noah 0000-0001-5652-1049 nknowles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-1049","contributorId":1380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Noah","email":"nknowles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cayan, Daniel R. 0000-0002-2719-6811 drcayan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-6811","contributorId":1494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"Daniel","email":"drcayan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":146383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morgan, Tara L. 0000-0001-5632-5232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-5232","contributorId":29124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Tara L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stacey, Mark T.","contributorId":13367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"Mark T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Van der Wegen, Mick","contributorId":191095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van der Wegen","given":"Mick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wagner, R.W.","contributorId":48784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jassby, Alan D.","contributorId":66403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70034576,"text":"70034576 - 2011 - Sea surface temperatures of the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period: A comparison of PRISM3 and HadCM3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-04T17:21:18.043634","indexId":"70034576","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea surface temperatures of the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period: A comparison of PRISM3 and HadCM3","docAbstract":"It is essential to document how well the current generation of climate models performs in simulating past climates to have confidence in their ability to project future conditions. We present the first global, in-depth comparison of Pliocene sea surface temperature (SST) estimates from a coupled ocean–atmosphere climate model experiment and a SST reconstruction based on proxy data. This enables the identification of areas in which both the climate model and the proxy dataset require improvement.
In general, the fit between model-produced SST anomalies and those formed from the available data is very good. We focus our discussion on three regions where the data–model anomaly exceeds 2 °C. 1) In the high latitude North Pacific, a systematic model error may result in anomalies that are too cold. Also, the deeper Pliocene thermocline may cause disagreement along the California margin; either the upwelling in the model is too strong or the modeled thermocline is not deep enough. 2) In the North Atlantic, the model predicts cooling in the center of a data-based warming trend that steadily increases with latitude from + 1.5 °C to >+ 6 °C. The discrepancy may arise because the modeled North Atlantic Current is too zonal compared to reality, which is reinforced by the lowering of the altitude of the Pliocene Western Cordillera Mountains. In addition, the model's use of modern bathymetry in the higher latitudes may have led the model to underestimate the northward penetration of warmer surface water into the Arctic. 3) Finally, though the data and model show good general agreement across most of the Southern Ocean, a few locations show offsets due to the modern land–sea mask used in the model.
Additional considerations could account for many of the modest data–model anomalies, such as differences between calibration climatologies, the oversimplification of the seasonal cycle, and differences between SST proxies (i.e. seasonality and water depth). New SST estimates from data-sparse and regionally important areas will greatly enhance our ability to judge model performance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.03.016","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H.J., Haywood, A., Valdes, P., Robinson, M.M., Lunt, D., Hill, D., Stoll, D., and Foley, K.M., 2011, Sea surface temperatures of the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period: A comparison of PRISM3 and HadCM3: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 309, no. 1-2, p. 83-91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.03.016.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"91","costCenters":[{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475267,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/14869/1/Piacenzian.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"309","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b87f9e4b08c986b316753","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haywood, A.M.","contributorId":101050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haywood","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Valdes, P.J.","contributorId":77331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdes","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097 mmrobinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":2082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci","email":"mmrobinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lunt, D.J.","contributorId":105127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hill, D.J.","contributorId":102291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stoll, D.K.","contributorId":66088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoll","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Foley, Kevin M. 0000-0003-1013-462X kfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-462X","contributorId":2543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Kevin","email":"kfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70034575,"text":"70034575 - 2011 - Nutrient sources and transport in the Missouri River Basin, with emphasis on the effects of irrigation and reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-26T12:52:31","indexId":"70034575","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient sources and transport in the Missouri River Basin, with emphasis on the effects of irrigation and reservoirs","docAbstract":"SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were used to relate instream nutrient loads to sources and factors influencing the transport of nutrients in the Missouri River Basin. Agricultural inputs from fertilizer and manure were the largest nutrient sources throughout a large part of the basin, although atmospheric and urban inputs were important sources in some areas. Sediment mobilized from stream channels was a source of phosphorus in medium and larger streams. Irrigation on agricultural land was estimated to decrease the nitrogen load reaching the Mississippi River by as much as 17%, likely as a result of increased anoxia and denitrification in the soil zone. Approximately 16% of the nitrogen load and 33% of the phosphorus load that would have otherwise reached the Mississippi River was retained in reservoirs and lakes throughout the basin. Nearly half of the total attenuation occurred in the eight largest water bodies. Unlike the other major tributary basins, nearly the entire instream nutrient load leaving the outlet of the Platte and Kansas River subbasins reached the Mississippi River. Most of the larger reservoirs and lakes in the Platte River subbasin are upstream of the major sources, whereas in the Kansas River subbasin, most of the source inputs are in the southeast part of the subbasin where characteristics of the area and proximity to the Missouri River facilitate delivery of nutrients to the Mississippi River.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00584.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., Sprague, L., and Dupree, J., 2011, Nutrient sources and transport in the Missouri River Basin, with emphasis on the effects of irrigation and reservoirs: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 1034-1060, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00584.x.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1034","endPage":"1060","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475402,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3307633","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00584.x"},{"id":243600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.05,36.0 ], [ -116.05,50.0 ], [ -89.1,50.0 ], [ -89.1,36.0 ], [ -116.05,36.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6941e4b0c8380cd73c27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, J.B.","contributorId":91307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sprague, L.A.","contributorId":101712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprague","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dupree, J.A.","contributorId":29236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dupree","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034574,"text":"70034574 - 2011 - Behavioral, clinical, and pathological characterization of acid metalliferous water toxicity in mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T17:12:48.944533","indexId":"70034574","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral, clinical, and pathological characterization of acid metalliferous water toxicity in mallards","docAbstract":"From September to November 2000, United States Fish and Wildlife Service biologists investigated incidents involving 221 bird deaths at 3 mine sites located in New Mexico and Arizona. These bird deaths primarily involved passerine and waterfowl species and were assumed to be linked to consumption of acid metalliferous water (AMW). Because all of the carcasses were found in or near pregnant leach solution ponds, tailings ponds, and associated lakes or storm water retention basins, an acute-toxicity study was undertaken using a synthetic AMW (SAMW) formulation based on the contaminant profile of a representative pond believed to be responsible for avian mortalities. An acute oral-toxicity trial was performed with a mixed-sex group of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). After a 24-h pretreatment food and water fast, gorge drinking was evident in both SAMW treatment and control groups, with water consumption rates greatest during the initial drinking periods. Seven of nine treated mallards were killed in extremis within 12 h after the initiation of dose. Total lethal doses of SAMW ranged from 69.8 to 270.1 mL/kg (mean ± SE 127.9 ± 27.1). Lethal doses of SAMW were consumed in as few as 20 to 40 min after first exposure. Clinical signs of SAMW toxicity included increased serum uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, potassium, and P levels. PCV values of SAMW-treated birds were also increased compared with control mallards. Histopathological lesions were observed in the esophagus, proventriculus, ventriculus, and duodenum of SAMW-treated mallards, with the most distinctive being erosion and ulceration of the kaolin of the ventriculus, ventricular hemorrhage and/or congestion, and duodenal hemorrhage. Clinical, pathological, and tissue-residue results from this study are consistent with literature documenting acute metal toxicosis, especially copper (Cu), in avian species and provide useful diagnostic profiles for AMW toxicity or mortality events. Blood and kidney Cu concentrations were 23- and 6-fold greater, respectively, in SAMW mortalities compared with controls, whereas Cu concentrations in liver were not nearly as increased, suggesting that blood and kidney concentrations may be more useful than liver concentrations for diagnosing Cu toxicosis in wild birds. Based on these findings and other reports of AMW toxicity events in wild birds, we conclude that AMW bodies pose a significant hazard to wildlife that come in contact with them.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-011-9657-z","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Isanhart, J., Wu, H., Pandher, K., MacRae, R., Cox, S., and Hooper, M., 2011, Behavioral, clinical, and pathological characterization of acid metalliferous water toxicity in mallards: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 61, no. 4, p. 653-667, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9657-z.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"667","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215774,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9657-z"}],"volume":"61","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0aae4b0c8380cd4a844","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Isanhart, J.P.","contributorId":72220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isanhart","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wu, H.","contributorId":12707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pandher, K.","contributorId":91709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pandher","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MacRae, R.K.","contributorId":19394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacRae","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cox, S.B.","contributorId":78576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hooper, M.J.","contributorId":70581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034573,"text":"70034573 - 2011 - Mercury export from the Yukon River Basin and potential response to a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-15T10:02:09","indexId":"70034573","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury export from the Yukon River Basin and potential response to a changing climate","docAbstract":"We measured mercury (Hg) concentrations and calculated export and yield from the Yukon River Basin (YRB) to quantify Hg flux from a large, permafrost-dominated, high-latitude watershed. Exports of Hg averaged 4400 kg Hg yr–1. The average annual yield for the YRB during the study period was 5.17 μg m–2 yr–1, which is 3–32 times more than Hg yields reported for 8 other major northern hemisphere river basins. The vast majority (90%) of Hg export is associated with particulates. Half of the annual export of Hg occurred during the spring with about 80% of 34 samples exceeding the U.S. EPA Hg standard for adverse chronic effects to biota. Dissolved and particulate organic carbon exports explained 81% and 50%, respectively, of the variance in Hg exports, and both were significantly (p < 0.001) correlated with water discharge. Recent measurements indicate that permafrost contains a substantial reservoir of Hg. Consequently, climate warming will likely accelerate the mobilization of Hg from thawing permafrost increasing the export of organic carbon associated Hg and thus potentially exacerbating the production of bioavailable methylmercury from permafrost-dominated northern river basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es202068b","usgsCitation":"Schuster, P.F., Striegl, R.G., Aiken, G.R., Krabbenhoft, D., Dewild, J.F., Butler, K., Kamark, B., and Dornblaser, M., 2011, Mercury export from the Yukon River Basin and potential response to a changing climate: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 21, p. 9262-9267, https://doi.org/10.1021/es202068b.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"9262","endPage":"9267","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":381,"text":"Mercury Research Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5404e4b0c8380cd6ce66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuster, P. F.","contributorId":117616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":513990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, G. R.","contributorId":118978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":118001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David P.","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":513988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dewild, J. F.","contributorId":119858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewild","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Butler, K.","contributorId":73842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kamark, B.","contributorId":83758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamark","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dornblaser, M.","contributorId":39605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dornblaser","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70034567,"text":"70034567 - 2011 - δ15N constraints on long-term nitrogen balances in temperate forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T09:45:16","indexId":"70034567","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"δ15N constraints on long-term nitrogen balances in temperate forests","docAbstract":"Biogeochemical theory emphasizes nitrogen (N) limitation and the many factors that can restrict N accumulation in temperate forests, yet lacks a working model of conditions that can promote naturally high N accumulation. We used a dynamic simulation model of ecosystem N and δ15N to evaluate which combination of N input and loss pathways could produce a range of high ecosystem N contents characteristic of forests in the Oregon Coast Range. Total ecosystem N at nine study sites ranged from 8,788 to 22,667 kg ha−1 and carbon (C) ranged from 188 to 460 Mg ha−1, with highest values near the coast. Ecosystem δ15N displayed a curvilinear relationship with ecosystem N content, and largely reflected mineral soil, which accounted for 96–98% of total ecosystem N. Model simulations of ecosystem N balances parameterized with field rates of N leaching required long-term average N inputs that exceed atmospheric deposition and asymbiotic and epiphytic N2-fixation, and that were consistent with cycles of post-fire N2-fixation by early-successional red alder. Soil water δ15NO3 − patterns suggested a shift in relative N losses from denitrification to nitrate leaching as N accumulated, and simulations identified nitrate leaching as the primary N loss pathway that constrains maximum N accumulation. Whereas current theory emphasizes constraints on biological N2-fixation and disturbance-mediated N losses as factors that limit N accumulation in temperate forests, our results suggest that wildfire can foster substantial long-term N accumulation in ecosystems that are colonized by symbiotic N2-fixing vegetation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00442-011-2016-y","usgsCitation":"Perakis, S., Sinkhorn, E., and Compton, J., 2011, δ15N constraints on long-term nitrogen balances in temperate forests: Oecologia, v. 167, no. 3, p. 793-807, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2016-y.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"793","endPage":"807","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215687,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2016-y"}],"volume":"167","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e275e4b0c8380cd45bdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perakis, S.S.","contributorId":82039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sinkhorn, E.R.","contributorId":15428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinkhorn","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Compton, J.E.","contributorId":57430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Compton","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034561,"text":"70034561 - 2011 - Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:26:49.124184","indexId":"70034561","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders","docAbstract":"Replacement of a native species by a nonnative can have strong effects on ecosystem function, such as altering nutrient cycling or disturbance frequency. Replacements may cause shifts in ecosystem function because nonnatives establish at different biomass, or because they differ from native species in traits like foraging behavior. However, no studies have compared effects of wholesale replacement of a native by a nonnative species on subsidies that support consumers in adjacent habitats, nor quantified the magnitude of these effects. We examined whether streams invaded by nonnative brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in two regions of the Rocky Mountains, USA, produced fewer emerging adult aquatic insects compared to paired streams with native cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii), and whether riparian spiders that depend on these prey were less abundant along streams with lower total insect emergence. As predicted, emergence density was 36% lower from streams with the nonnative fish. Biomass of brook trout was higher than the cutthroat trout they replaced, but even after accounting for this difference, emergence was 24% lower from brook trout streams. More riparian spiders were counted along streams with greater total emergence across the water surface. Based on these results, we predicted that brook trout replacement would result in 6–20% fewer spiders in the two regions. When brook trout replace cutthroat trout, they reduce cross-habitat resource subsidies and alter ecosystem function in stream-riparian food webs, not only owing to increased biomass but also because traits apparently differ from native cutthroat trout.
","largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Benjamin, J., Fausch, K., and Baxter, C.V., 2011, Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders: Oecologia, v. 167, no. 2, p. 503-512, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"512","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6"}],"volume":"167","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b950be4b08c986b31ad0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benjamin, J.R.","contributorId":58490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fausch, K.D. 0000-0001-5825-7560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7560","contributorId":84097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fausch","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baxter, C. V.","contributorId":62853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baxter","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":38154,"text":"Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034556,"text":"70034556 - 2011 - A Regional Modeling Framework of Phosphorus Sources and Transport in Streams of the Southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:43:17.608421","indexId":"70034556","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Regional Modeling Framework of Phosphorus Sources and Transport in Streams of the Southeastern United States","docAbstract":"We applied the SPARROW model to estimate phosphorus transport from catchments to stream reaches and subsequent delivery to major receiving water bodies in the Southeastern United States (U.S.). We show that six source variables and five land‐to‐water transport variables are significant (p < 0.05) in explaining 67% of the variability in long‐term log‐transformed mean annual phosphorus yields. Three land‐to‐water variables are a subset of landscape characteristics that have been used as transport factors in phosphorus indices developed by state agencies and are identified through experimental research as influencing land‐to‐water phosphorus transport at field and plot scales. Two land‐to‐water variables – soil organic matter and soil pH – are associated with phosphorus sorption, a significant finding given that most state‐developed phosphorus indices do not explicitly contain variables for sorption processes. Our findings for Southeastern U.S. streams emphasize the importance of accounting for phosphorus present in the soil profile to predict attainable instream water quality. Regional estimates of phosphorus associated with soil‐parent rock were highly significant in explaining instream phosphorus yield variability. Model predictions associate 31% of phosphorus delivered to receiving water bodies to geology and the highest total phosphorus yields in the Southeast were catchments with already high background levels that have been impacted by human activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00517.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Garcia, A., Hoos, A., and Terziotti, S., 2011, A Regional Modeling Framework of Phosphorus Sources and Transport in Streams of the Southeastern United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 991-1010, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00517.x.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"991","endPage":"1010","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475227,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00517.x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215975,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00517.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Southeastern United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.353515625,\n 26.96124577052697\n ],\n [\n -80.419921875,\n 27.780771643348196\n ],\n [\n -81.474609375,\n 30.50548389892728\n ],\n [\n -80.96923828125,\n 32.008075959291055\n ],\n [\n -79.3212890625,\n 33.17434155100208\n ],\n [\n -77.58544921874999,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -75.3662109375,\n 35.79999392988527\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 36.686041276581925\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -86.5283203125,\n 35.96022296929667\n ],\n [\n -88.22021484375,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -89.27490234375,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -89.31884765624999,\n 34.03445260967645\n ],\n [\n -89.62646484375,\n 31.74685416292141\n ],\n [\n -89.62646484375,\n 30.088107753367257\n ],\n [\n -86.68212890625,\n 30.315987718557867\n ],\n [\n -85.40771484375,\n 30.050076521698735\n ],\n [\n -85.2978515625,\n 29.554345125748267\n ],\n [\n -84.287109375,\n 29.973970240516614\n ],\n [\n -83.03466796874999,\n 29.11377539511439\n ],\n [\n -82.7490234375,\n 28.76765910569123\n ],\n [\n -82.96875,\n 27.780771643348196\n ],\n [\n -82.353515625,\n 26.96124577052697\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2ffe4b0c8380cd45d88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, A.M.","contributorId":31585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoos, A.B.","contributorId":23572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoos","given":"A.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Terziotti, S.","contributorId":102710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terziotti","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034548,"text":"70034548 - 2011 - Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:48:19.267284","indexId":"70034548","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Groundwater contamination by tetrachloroethene and its dechlorination products is present in two partially intermingled plumes in the surficial aquifer near a former dry‐cleaning facility at Site 45, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina. The northern plume originates from the vicinity of former above‐ground storage tanks. Free‐phase tetrachloroethene from activities in this area entered the groundwater. The southern plume originates at a nearby, new dry‐cleaning facility, but probably was the result of contamination released to the aquifer from a leaking sanitary sewer line from the former dry‐cleaning facility. Discharge of dissolved groundwater contamination is primarily to leaking storm sewers below the water table. The strong influence of sanitary sewers on source distribution and of storm sewers on plume orientation and discharge at this site indicates that groundwater‐contamination investigators should consider the potential influence of sewer systems at their sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x","issn":"10693629","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D., Petkewich, M., Lowery, M., and Landmeyer, J., 2011, Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 31, no. 4, p. 63-69, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215859,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.76324462890625,\n 32.29322744284225\n ],\n [\n -80.76324462890625,\n 32.371262806414045\n ],\n [\n -80.65750122070312,\n 32.371262806414045\n ],\n [\n -80.65750122070312,\n 32.29322744284225\n ],\n [\n -80.76324462890625,\n 32.29322744284225\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d8be4b08c986b318490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, D.A.","contributorId":101691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petkewich, M.D.","contributorId":89927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowery, M.A.","contributorId":56754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowery","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034541,"text":"70034541 - 2011 - Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70034541","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes","docAbstract":"The Minnesota River Valley was carved during catastrophic drainage of glacial Lake Agassiz at the end of the late Pleistocene. The ensuing base-level drop on tributaries created knickpoints that excavated deep valleys as they migrated upstream. A sediment budget compiled in one of these tributaries, the Le Sueur River, shows that these deep valleys are now the primary source of sediment to the Minnesota River. To compare modern sediment loads with pre-European settlement erosion rates, we analyzed incision history using fluvial terrace ages to constrain a valley incision model. Results indicate that even thoughthe dominant sediment sources are derived from natural sources (bluffs, ravines, and streambanks), erosion rates have increased substantially, due in part to pervasive changes in watershed hydrology.","largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G121A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Gran, K., Belmont, P., Day, S., Finnegan, N., Jennings, C., Lauer, J., and Wilcock, P., 2011, Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes, in GSA Today, v. 21, no. 9, p. 7-9, https://doi.org/10.1130/G121A.1.","startPage":"7","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215743,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G121A.1"}],"volume":"21","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a440ee4b0c8380cd66800","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gran, K.B.","contributorId":44688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gran","given":"K.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belmont, P.","contributorId":67322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belmont","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, S.S.","contributorId":42805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finnegan, N.","contributorId":106727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finnegan","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jennings, C.","contributorId":78536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lauer, J.W.","contributorId":104303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauer","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilcock, P.R.","contributorId":36709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcock","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034533,"text":"70034533 - 2011 - Waves and tides responsible for the intermittent closure of the entrance of a small, sheltered tidal wetland at San Francisco, CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T21:04:01.705421","indexId":"70034533","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waves and tides responsible for the intermittent closure of the entrance of a small, sheltered tidal wetland at San Francisco, CA","docAbstract":"Crissy Field Marsh (CFM; http://www.nps.gov/prsf/planyourvisit/crissy-field-marsh-and-beach.htm) is a small, restored tidal wetland located in the entrance to San Francisco Bay just east of the Golden Gate. The marsh is small but otherwise fairly typical of many such restored wetlands worldwide. The marsh is hydraulically connected to the bay and the adjacent Pacific Ocean by a narrow sandy channel. The channel often migrates and sometimes closes completely, which effectively blocks the tidal connection to the ocean and disrupts the hydraulics and ecology of the marsh. Field measurements of waves and tides have been examined in order to evaluate the conditions responsible for the intermittent closure of the marsh entrance. The most important factor found to bring about the entrance channel closure is the occurrence of large ocean waves. However, there were also a few closure events during times with relatively small offshore waves. Examination of the deep-water directional wave spectra during these times indicates the presence of a small secondary peak corresponding to long period swell from the southern hemisphere, indicating that CFM and San Francisco Bay in general may be more susceptible to long period ocean swell emanating from the south or southwest than the more common ocean waves coming from the northwest. The tidal records during closure events show no strong relationship between closures and tides, other than that closures tend to occur during multi-day periods with successively increasing high tides. It can be inferred from these findings that the most important process to the intermittent closure of the entrance to CFM is littoral sediment transport driven by the influence of ocean swell waves breaking along the CFM shoreline at oblique angles. During periods of large, oblique waves the littoral transport of sand likely overwhelms the scour potential of the tidal flow in the entrance channel.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2011.07.004","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Hanes, D., Ward, K., and Erikson, L.H., 2011, Waves and tides responsible for the intermittent closure of the entrance of a small, sheltered tidal wetland at San Francisco, CA: Continental Shelf Research, v. 31, no. 16, p. 1682-1687, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2011.07.004.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1682","endPage":"1687","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.6953125,\n 37.48793540168987\n ],\n [\n -122.18170166015625,\n 37.48793540168987\n ],\n [\n -122.18170166015625,\n 37.920367835943516\n ],\n [\n -122.6953125,\n 37.920367835943516\n ],\n [\n -122.6953125,\n 37.48793540168987\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcfa4e4b08c986b32ea0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, K.","contributorId":95715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erikson, L. H.","contributorId":21366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034532,"text":"70034532 - 2011 - Storage as a Metric of Catchment Comparison","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T21:09:39.262456","indexId":"70034532","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Storage as a Metric of Catchment Comparison","docAbstract":"The volume of water stored within a catchment, and its partitioning among groundwater, soil moisture, snowpack, vegetation, and surface water are the variables that ultimately characterize the state of the hydrologic system. Accordingly, storage may provide useful metrics for catchment comparison. Unfortunately, measuring and predicting the amount of water present in a catchment is seldom done; tracking the dynamics of these stores is even rarer. Storage moderates fluxes and exerts critical controls on a wide range of hydrologic and biologic functions of a catchment. While understanding runoff generation and other processes by which catchments release water will always be central to hydrologic science, it is equally essential to understand how catchments retain water. We have initiated a catchment comparison exercise to begin assessing the value of viewing catchments from the storage perspective. The exercise is based on existing data from five watersheds, no common experimental design, and no integrated modelling efforts. Rather, storage was estimated independently for each site. This briefing presents some initial results of the exercise, poses questions about the definitions and importance of storage and the storage perspective, and suggests future directions for ongoing activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8113","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"McNamara, J.P., Tetzlaff, D., Bishop, K., Soulsby, C., Seyfried, M., Peters, N., Aulenbach, B., and Hooper, R., 2011, Storage as a Metric of Catchment Comparison: Hydrological Processes, v. 25, no. 21, p. 3364-3371, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8113.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3364","endPage":"3371","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215622,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8113"}],"volume":"25","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b986de4b08c986b31c01f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNamara, J. P.","contributorId":105551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNamara","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tetzlaff, D.","contributorId":106622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tetzlaff","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bishop, K.","contributorId":43191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Soulsby, C.","contributorId":40713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulsby","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seyfried, M.","contributorId":51119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seyfried","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Aulenbach, Brent T.","contributorId":62766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aulenbach","given":"Brent T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hooper, R.","contributorId":40036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70034530,"text":"70034530 - 2011 - Recent advances in the hydrostratigraphy of paleozoic bedrock in the midwestern united states","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034530","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Recent advances in the hydrostratigraphy of paleozoic bedrock in the midwestern united states","docAbstract":"Recent hydrostratigraphic researches have made it possible to acquire knowledge about the relatively undeformed Paleozoic bedrock that forms the most widely used aquifers in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Ongoing evaluation of the Cambrian Eau Claire Formation in southern Wisconsin has caused the formation to be considered a major regional aquitard. Subsurface logs indicate that its thickness ranges from absent to <75 m, and parts of the formation yield significant amounts of water to wells. A key part of modern aquitard hydrogeology is the integration of multi-level hydraulic head measurements into hydrostratigraphic analysis. In south-central Wisconsin, regional groundwater withdrawals from the confined Mount Simon aquifer have created a regional cone of depression. Regional groundwater modeling has demonstrated that this relatively thin unit exerts a major control on regional groundwater flow in the ??300-m-thick bedrock aquifer system and that it is critical in protecting deep wells from contamination.","largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G122A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Bradbury, K.R., and Runkel, A.C., 2011, Recent advances in the hydrostratigraphy of paleozoic bedrock in the midwestern united states, in GSA Today, v. 21, no. 9, p. 10-12, https://doi.org/10.1130/G122A.1.","startPage":"10","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G122A.1"},{"id":243404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95e1e4b0c8380cd81cb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradbury, K. R.","contributorId":86070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Anthony C.","contributorId":63186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034528,"text":"70034528 - 2011 - Source and Delivery of Nutrients to Receiving Waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic Regions of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T21:26:08.234507","indexId":"70034528","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source and Delivery of Nutrients to Receiving Waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic Regions of the United States","docAbstract":"This study investigates nutrient sources and transport to receiving waters, in order to provide spatially detailed information to aid water‐resources managers concerned with eutrophication and nutrient management strategies. SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) nutrient models were developed for the Northeastern and Mid‐Atlantic (NE US) regions of the United States to represent source conditions for the year 2002. The model developed to examine the source and delivery of nitrogen to the estuaries of nine large rivers along the NE US Seaboard indicated that agricultural sources contribute the largest percentage (37%) of the total nitrogen load delivered to the estuaries. Point sources account for 28% while atmospheric deposition accounts for 20%. A second SPARROW model was used to examine the sources and delivery of phosphorus to lakes and reservoirs throughout the NE US. The greatest attenuation of phosphorus occurred in lakes that were large relative to the size of their watershed. Model results show that, within the NE US, aquatic decay of nutrients is quite limited on an annual basis and that we especially cannot rely on natural attenuation to remove nutrients within the larger rivers nor within lakes with large watersheds relative to the size of the lake.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Moore, R.B., Johnston, C.M., Smith, R.A., and Milstead, B., 2011, Source and Delivery of Nutrients to Receiving Waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic Regions of the United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 965-990, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"965","endPage":"990","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487222,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215558,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x"}],"volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9318e4b08c986b31a2b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, C. M.","contributorId":97524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milstead, B.","contributorId":30842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milstead","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034523,"text":"70034523 - 2011 - Native and European haplotypes of Phragmites Australis (common reed) in the central Platte River, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T15:54:17.255249","indexId":"70034523","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1859,"text":"Great Plains Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Native and European haplotypes of Phragmites Australis (common reed) in the central Platte River, Nebraska","docAbstract":"Phragmites australis (common reed) is known to have occurred along the Platte River historically, but recent rapid increases in both distribution and density have begun to impact habitat for migrating sandhill cranes and nesting piping plovers and least terns. Invasiveness in Phragmites has been associated with the incursion of a European genotype (haplotype M) in other areas; determining the genotype of Phragmites along the central Platte River has implications for proper management of the river system. In 2008 we sampled Phragmites patches along the central Platte River from Lexington to Chapman, NE, stratified by bridge segments, to determine the current distribution of haplotype E (native) and haplotype M genotypes. In addition, we did a retrospective analysis of historical Phragmites collections from the central Platte watershed (1902—2006) at the Bessey Herbarium. Fresh tissue from the 2008 survey and dried tissue from the herbarium specimens were classified as haplotype M or E using the restriction fragment length polymorphism procedure. The European haplotype was predominant in the 2008 samples: only 14 Phragmites shoots were identified as native haplotype E; 224 were non-native haplotype M. The retrospective analysis revealed primarily native haplotype individuals. Only collections made in Lancaster County, near Lincoln, NE, were haplotype M, and the earliest of these was collected in 1973.
","language":"English","issn":"10525165","usgsCitation":"Larson, D., Galatowitsch, S., and Larson, J., 2011, Native and European haplotypes of Phragmites Australis (common reed) in the central Platte River, Nebraska: Great Plains Research, v. 21, no. 2, p. 175-180.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"180","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Central Platte River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 41.025499378313754\n ],\n [\n -98.7725830078125,\n 40.749337730454826\n ],\n [\n -99.2230224609375,\n 40.70562793820589\n ],\n [\n -99.61578369140625,\n 40.734770989672406\n ],\n [\n -100.14862060546875,\n 40.96538194577488\n ],\n [\n -100.5084228515625,\n 41.104190944576466\n ],\n [\n -100.64300537109375,\n 41.155910350545035\n ],\n [\n -100.69244384765625,\n 41.07728074262537\n ],\n [\n -99.67071533203125,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -99.1900634765625,\n 40.61603737424187\n ],\n [\n -98.69842529296875,\n 40.63896734381723\n ],\n [\n -98.12164306640625,\n 40.867833841384936\n ],\n [\n -98.04473876953125,\n 40.95708558389897\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 41.025499378313754\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a62a8e4b0c8380cd72040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, D.L. 0000-0001-5202-0634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":69501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":446198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galatowitsch, S.M.","contributorId":71412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galatowitsch","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, J.L.","contributorId":42549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}