{"pageNumber":"743","pageRowStart":"18550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68924,"records":[{"id":70036441,"text":"70036441 - 2011 - High-resolution three-dimensional imaging and analysis of rock falls in Yosemite valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:03:37","indexId":"70036441","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution three-dimensional imaging and analysis of rock falls in Yosemite valley, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present quantitative analyses of recent large rock falls in Yosemite Valley, California, using integrated high-resolution imaging techniques. Rock falls commonly occur from the glacially sculpted granitic walls of Yosemite Valley, modifying this iconic landscape but also posing significant potential hazards and risks. Two large rock falls occurred from the cliff beneath Glacier Point in eastern Yosemite Valley on 7 and 8 October 2008, causing minor injuries and damaging structures in a developed area. We used a combination of gigapixel photography, airborne laser scanning (ALS) data, and ground-based terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data to characterize the rock-fall detachment surface and adjacent cliff area, quantify the rock-fall volume, evaluate the geologic structure that contributed to failure, and assess the likely failure mode. We merged the ALS and TLS data to resolve the complex, vertical to overhanging topography of the Glacier Point area in three dimensions, and integrated these data with gigapixel photographs to fully image the cliff face in high resolution. Three-dimensional analysis of repeat TLS data reveals that the cumulative failure consisted of a near-planar rock slab with a maximum length of 69.0 m, a mean thickness of 2.1 m, a detachment surface area of 2750 m</span><sup>2</sup><span>, and a volume of 5663 ± 36 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>. Failure occurred along a surface-parallel, vertically oriented sheeting joint in a clear example of granitic exfoliation. Stress concentration at crack tips likely propagated fractures through the partially attached slab, leading to failure. Our results demonstrate the utility of high-resolution imaging techniques for quantifying far-range (&gt;1 km) rock falls occurring from the largely inaccessible, vertical rock faces of Yosemite Valley, and for providing highly accurate and precise data needed for rock-fall hazard assessment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00617.1","issn":"1553040X","usgsCitation":"Stock, G.M., Bawden, G.W., Green, J., Hanson, E., Downing, G., Collins, B.D., Bond, S., and Leslar, M., 2011, High-resolution three-dimensional imaging and analysis of rock falls in Yosemite valley, California: Geosphere, v. 7, no. 2, p. 573-581, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00617.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"573","endPage":"581","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475299,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00617.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218177,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00617.1"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a313ae4b0c8380cd5dd3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stock, Gregory M.","contributorId":7493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stock","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bawden, Gerald W. gbawden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"Gerald","email":"gbawden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, J.K.","contributorId":93746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanson, E.","contributorId":23796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Downing, G.","contributorId":69828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collins, Brian D. 0000-0003-4881-5359 bcollins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-5359","contributorId":149278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bond, Sandra 0000-0003-0522-5287 sbond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0522-5287","contributorId":3328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bond","given":"Sandra","email":"sbond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Leslar, M.","contributorId":17862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslar","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70036438,"text":"70036438 - 2011 - Age and tectonic setting of the Mesozoic McCoy Mountains Formation in western Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T17:57:40.152919","indexId":"70036438","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and tectonic setting of the Mesozoic McCoy Mountains Formation in western Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The McCoy Mountains Formation consists of Upper Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate exposed in an east-west–trending belt in southwestern Arizona and southeastern California. At least three different tectonic settings have been proposed for McCoy deposition, and multiple tectonic settings are likely over the ∼80 m.y. age range of deposition. U-Pb isotopic analysis of 396 zircon sand grains from at or near the top of McCoy sections in the southern Little Harquahala, Granite Wash, New Water, and southern Plomosa Mountains, all in western Arizona, identified only Jurassic or older zircons. A basaltic lava flow near the top of the section in the New Water Mountains yielded a U-Pb zircon date of 154.4 ± 2.1 Ma. Geochemically similar lava flows and sills in the Granite Wash and southern Plomosa Mountains are inferred to be approximately the same age. We interpret these new analyses to indicate that Mesozoic clastic strata in these areas are Upper Jurassic and are broadly correlative with the lowermost McCoy Mountains Formation in the Dome Rock, McCoy, and Palen Mountains farther west. Six samples of numerous Upper Jurassic basaltic sills and lava flows in the McCoy Mountains Formation in the Granite Wash, New Water, and southern Plomosa Mountains yielded initial ε</span><sub>Nd</sub><span>&nbsp;values (at t = 150 Ma) of between +4 and +6. The geochemistry and geochronology of this igneous suite, and detrital-zircon geochronology of the sandstones, support the interpretation that the lower McCoy Mountains Formation was deposited during rifting within the western extension of the Sabinas-Chihuahua-Bisbee rift belt. Abundant 190–240 Ma zircon sand grains were derived from nearby, unidentified Triassic magmatic-arc rocks in areas that were unaffected by younger Jurassic magmatism. A sandstone from the upper McCoy Mountains Formation in the Dome Rock Mountains (Arizona) yielded numerous 80–108 Ma zircon grains and almost no 190–240 Ma grains, revealing a major reorganization in sediment-dispersal pathways and/or modification of source rocks that had occurred by ca. 80 Ma.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30206.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Spencer, J., Richard, S., Gehrels, G.E., Gleason, J., and Dickinson, W., 2011, Age and tectonic setting of the Mesozoic McCoy Mountains Formation in western Arizona, USA: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, no. 7-8, p. 1258-1274, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30206.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1258","endPage":"1274","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218146,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B30224.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"McCoy Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.13671875,\n              33.17434155100208\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.0712890625,\n              33.17434155100208\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.0712890625,\n              34.05265942137599\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.13671875,\n              34.05265942137599\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.13671875,\n              33.17434155100208\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"123","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8e3e4b0c8380cd47f4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, J.E.","contributorId":91542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richard, S.M.","contributorId":20376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richard","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gehrels, G. E.","contributorId":9660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehrels","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gleason, J.D.","contributorId":27072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dickinson, W.R.","contributorId":64801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033778,"text":"70033778 - 2011 - Soil and periphyton indicators of anthropogenic water-quality changes in a rainfall-driven wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T00:55:32.097845","indexId":"70033778","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil and periphyton indicators of anthropogenic water-quality changes in a rainfall-driven wetland","docAbstract":"<p><span>Surface soils and periphyton communities were sampled across an oligotrophic, soft-water wetland to document changes associated with pulsed inputs of nutrient- and mineral-rich canal drainage waters. A gradient of canal-water influence was indicated by the surface-water specific conductance, which ranged between 743 and 963&nbsp;μS&nbsp;cm</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;in the canals to as low as 60&nbsp;μS&nbsp;cm</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;in the rainfall-driven wetland interior. Changes in soil chemistry and periphyton taxonomic composition across this gradient were described using piecewise regressions models. The greatest increase in soil phosphorus (P) concentration occurred at sites closest to the canal while soil mineral (sulfur, calcium) concentrations increased most rapidly at the lower end of the gradient. Multiple periphyton shifts occurred at the lower end of the gradient and included; (1) a decline in desmids and non-desmid filamentous chlorophytes, and their replacement by a diatom-dominated community; (2) the loss of soft-water diatom indicator species and their replacement by hard-water species. Increased dominance by cyanobacteria and eutrophic diatom indicators occurred closer to the canals. Soil and periphyton changes indicated four zones of increasing canal influence across the wetland: (1) a zone of increasing mineral concentrations where soft-water taxa remained dominant; (2) a transition towards hard-water, oligotrophic diatoms as mineral concentrations increased further; (3) a zone of dominance by these hard-water species; (4) a zone of rapidly increasing P concentrations and dominance by eutrophic taxa. In contrast to conclusions drawn from routine water-chemistry monitoring, measures of chemical and biological change presented here indicate that most of this rainfall-driven peatland receives some influence from canal discharges. These changes are multifaceted and induced by shifts in multiple chemical constituents.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11273-010-9196-9","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"McCormick, P., 2011, Soil and periphyton indicators of anthropogenic water-quality changes in a rainfall-driven wetland: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 19, no. 1, p. 19-34, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-010-9196-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.75883475987408,\n              26.94068494675595\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.75883475987408,\n              25.983535729330498\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.09680254327925,\n              25.983535729330498\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.09680254327925,\n              26.94068494675595\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.75883475987408,\n              26.94068494675595\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91eae4b08c986b319b9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCormick, P.V.","contributorId":93272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033785,"text":"70033785 - 2011 - Comparison of Two Parametric Methods to Estimate Pesticide Mass Loads in California's Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T13:34:13","indexId":"70033785","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of Two Parametric Methods to Estimate Pesticide Mass Loads in California's Central Valley","docAbstract":"Mass loadings were calculated for four pesticides in two watersheds with different land uses in the Central Valley, California, by using two parametric models: (1) the Seasonal Wave model (SeaWave), in which a pulse signal is used to describe the annual cycle of pesticide occurrence in a stream, and (2) the Sine Wave model, in which first-order Fourier series sine and cosine terms are used to simulate seasonal mass loading patterns. The models were applied to data collected during water years 1997 through 2005. The pesticides modeled were carbaryl, diazinon, metolachlor, and molinate. Results from the two models show that the ability to capture seasonal variations in pesticide concentrations was affected by pesticide use patterns and the methods by which pesticides are transported to streams. Estimated seasonal loads compared well with results from previous studies for both models. Loads estimated by the two models did not differ significantly from each other, with the exceptions of carbaryl and molinate during the precipitation season, where loads were affected by application patterns and rainfall. However, in watersheds with variable and intermittent pesticide applications, the SeaWave model is more suitable for use on the basis of its robust capability of describing seasonal variation of pesticide concentrations. ?? 2010 American Water Resources Association. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00506.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Saleh, D., Lorenz, D., and Domagalski, J.L., 2011, Comparison of Two Parametric Methods to Estimate Pesticide Mass Loads in California's Central Valley: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 2, p. 254-264, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00506.x.","startPage":"254","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214529,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00506.x"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f849e4b0c8380cd4cfc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saleh, D.K. 0000-0002-1406-9303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-9303","contributorId":82748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saleh","given":"D.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, D. L.","contributorId":10776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033791,"text":"70033791 - 2011 - Trends in pesticide concentrations in streams of the western United States, 1993-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T09:53:28","indexId":"70033791","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in pesticide concentrations in streams of the western United States, 1993-2005","docAbstract":"<p><span>Trends in pesticide concentrations for 15 streams in California, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho were determined for the organophosphate insecticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon and the herbicides atrazine, s‐ethyl diproplythiocarbamate (EPTC), metolachlor, simazine, and trifluralin. A parametric regression model was used to account for flow, seasonality, and antecedent hydrologic conditions and thereby estimate trends in pesticide concentrations in streams arising from changes in use amount and application method in their associated catchments. Decreasing trends most often were observed for diazinon, and reflect the shift to alternative pesticides by farmers, commercial applicators, and homeowners because of use restrictions and product cancelation. Consistent trends were observed for several herbicides, including upward trends in simazine at urban‐influenced sites from 2000 to 2005, and downward trends in atrazine and EPTC at agricultural sites from the mid‐1990s to 2005. The model provided additional information about pesticide occurrence and transport in the modeled streams. Two examples are presented and briefly discussed: (1) timing of peak concentrations for individual compounds varied greatly across this geographic gradient because of different application periods and the effects of local rain patterns, irrigation, and soil drainage and (2) reconstructions of continuous diazinon concentrations at sites in California are used to evaluate compliance with total maximum daily load targets.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00507.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Johnson, H.M., Domagalski, J.L., and Saleh, D., 2011, Trends in pesticide concentrations in streams of the western United States, 1993-2005: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 2, p. 265-286, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00507.x.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"286","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487145,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00507.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214145,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00507.x"}],"country":"United States","volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7d9e4b08c986b32750d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Henry M. 0000-0002-7571-4994 hjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Henry","email":"hjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saleh, Dina 0000-0002-1406-9303 dsaleh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-9303","contributorId":939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saleh","given":"Dina","email":"dsaleh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033792,"text":"70033792 - 2011 - Factors affecting winter survival of female mallards in the lower Mississippi alluvial valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T13:15:18","indexId":"70033792","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting winter survival of female mallards in the lower Mississippi alluvial valley","docAbstract":"The lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (hereafter LMAV) provides winter habitat for approximately 40% of the Mississippi Flyway's Mallard (Anas platyrhynhcos) population; information on winter survival rates of female Mallards in the LMAV is restricted to data collected prior to implementation of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan. To estimate recent survival and cause-specific mortality rates in the LMAV, 174 radio-marked female Mallards were tracked for a total of 11,912 exposure days. Survival varied by time periods defined by hunting seasons, and females with lower body condition (size adjusted body mass) at time of capture had reduced probability of survival. Female survival was less and the duration of our tracking period was greater than those in previous studies of similarly marked females in the LMAV; the product-limit survival estimate (??????SE) through the entire tracking period (136 days) was 0.54 ??0.10. Cause-specific mortality rates were 0.18 ??0.04 and 0.34 ??0.12 for hunting and other sources of mortality, respectively; the estimated mortality rate from other sources (including those from avian, mammalian, or unknown sources) was higher than mortality from non-hunting sources reported in previous studies of Mallards in the LMAV. Models that incorporate winter survival estimates as a factor in Mallard population growth rates should be adjusted for these reduced winter survival estimates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/063.034.0207","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Davis, B., Afton, A., and Cox, R.R., 2011, Factors affecting winter survival of female mallards in the lower Mississippi alluvial valley: Waterbirds, v. 34, no. 2, p. 186-194, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.034.0207.","startPage":"186","endPage":"194","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-016394","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214146,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.034.0207"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0eb0e4b0c8380cd5358c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, B.E.","contributorId":101467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cox, R. R. Jr.","contributorId":57006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033796,"text":"70033796 - 2011 - Evidence of volcanic and glacial activity in Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-08T15:57:00","indexId":"70033796","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of volcanic and glacial activity in Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae, Mars","docAbstract":"Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae show numerous examples of enigmatic landforms previously interpreted to have been influenced by a water/ice-rich geologic history. These landforms include giant polygons bounded by kilometer-scale arcuate troughs, bright pitted mounds, and mesa-like features. To investigate the significance of the last we have analyzed in detail the region between 60&deg;N, 290&deg;E and 10&deg;N, 360&deg;E utilizing HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment) images as well as regional-scale data for context. The mesas may be analogous to terrestrial tuyas (emergent sub-ice volcanoes), although definitive proof has not been identified. We also report on a blocky unit and associated landforms (drumlins, eskers, inverted valleys, kettle holes) consistent with ice-emplaced volcanic or volcano-sedimentary flows. The spatial association between tuya-like mesas, ice-emplaced flows, and further possible evidence of volcanism (deflated flow fronts, volcanic vents, columnar jointing, rootless cones), and an extensive fluid-rich substratum (giant polygons, bright mounds, rampart craters), allows for the possibility of glaciovolcanic activity in the region.Landforms indicative of glacial activity on Chryse/Acidalia suggest a paleoclimatic environment remarkably different from today's. Climate changes on Mars (driven by orbital/obliquity changes) or giant outflow channel activity could have resulted in ice-sheet-related landforms far from the current polar caps.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2011.01.004","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Martinez-Alonso, S., Mellon, M.T., Banks, M.E., Keszthelyi, L., and McEwen, A.S., 2011, Evidence of volcanic and glacial activity in Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae, Mars: Icarus, v. 212, no. 2, p. 597-621, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.01.004.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"597","endPage":"621","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"212","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d70e4b0c8380cd53004","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martinez-Alonso, Sara","contributorId":73023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez-Alonso","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mellon, Michael T.","contributorId":8603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mellon","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7037,"text":"Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Banks, Maria E.","contributorId":80914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":52802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo P.","email":"laz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McEwen, Alfred S.","contributorId":61657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEwen","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036437,"text":"70036437 - 2011 - Petroleum prospectivity of the Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T18:17:37.774139","indexId":"70036437","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Petroleum prospectivity of the Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean","docAbstract":"<p id=\"abspara0010\">Reconnaissance seismic reflection data indicate that Canada Basin is a &gt;700,000 sq. km. remnant of the Amerasia Basin of the Arctic Ocean that lies south of the Alpha-Mendeleev Large Igneous Province, which was constructed across the northern part of the Amerasia Basin between about 127 and 89–83.5&nbsp;Ma. Canada Basin was filled by Early Jurassic to Holocene detritus from the Beaufort–Mackenzie Deltaic System, which drains the northern third of interior North America, with sizable contributions from Alaska and Northwest Canada. The basin contains roughly 5 or 6 million cubic km of sediment. Three fourths or more of this volume generates low amplitude seismic reflections, interpreted to represent hemipelagic deposits, which contain lenses to extensive interbeds of moderate amplitude reflections interpreted to represent unconfined turbidite and amalgamated channel deposits.</p><p id=\"abspara0015\">Extrapolation from Arctic Alaska and Northwest Canada suggests that three fourths of the section in Canada Basin is correlative with stratigraphic sequences in these areas that contain intervals of hydrocarbon source rocks. In addition, worldwide heat flow averages suggest that about two thirds of Canada Basin lies in the oil or gas windows. Structural, stratigraphic and combined structural and stratigraphic features of local to regional occurrence offer exploration targets in Canada Basin, and at least one of these contains bright spots. However, deep water (to almost 4000&nbsp;m), remoteness from harbors and markets, and thick accumulations of seasonal to permanent sea ice (until its possible removal by global warming later this century) will require the discovery of very large deposits for commercial success in most parts of Canada Basin.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Society of Petroleum Engineers - Arctic Technology Conference 2011","conferenceTitle":"Arctic Technology Conference 2011","conferenceDate":"February 2-7, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Houston, TX","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.11.001","isbn":"9781618390561","usgsCitation":"Grantz, A., and Hart, P.E., 2011, Petroleum prospectivity of the Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean, <i>in</i> Society of Petroleum Engineers - Arctic Technology Conference 2011, v. 1, Houston, TX, February 2-7, 2011, p. 261-286, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.11.001.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"286","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a77fde4b0c8380cd785eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grantz, Arthur agrantz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantz","given":"Arthur","email":"agrantz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036433,"text":"70036433 - 2011 - Effects of slow recovery rates on water column geochemistry in aquitard wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T19:09:12.054148","indexId":"70036433","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of slow recovery rates on water column geochemistry in aquitard wells","docAbstract":"<p><span>Monitoring wells are often installed in aquitards to verify effectiveness for preventing migration of surface contaminants to underlying aquifers. However, water sampling of aquitard wells presents a challenge due to the slow recovery times for water recharging the wells, which can take as long as weeks, months or years to recharge depending on the sample volume needed. In this study, downhole profiling and sampling of aquitard wells was used to assess geochemical changes that occur in aquitard wells during water level recovery. Wells were sampled on three occasions spanning 11</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>years, 1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>year and 1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>week after they were purged and casing water showed substantial water chemistry variations. Temperature decreased with depth, whereas pH and specific conductance increased with depth in the water column after 11</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>years of water level recovery. Less stable parameters such as dissolved O</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;(DO) and Eh showed strong zonation in the well column, with DO stratification occurring as the groundwater slowly entered the well. Oxidation of reduced till groundwater along with degassing of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;from till pore water affects mineral solubility and dissolved solid concentrations. Recommendations for sampling slowly recovering aquitard wells include identifying the zone of DO and Eh stratification in the well column and collecting water samples from below the boundary to better measure unstable geochemical parameters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.126","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K.E., 2011, Effects of slow recovery rates on water column geochemistry in aquitard wells: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, no. 7, p. 1108-1114, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.126.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1108","endPage":"1114","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218530,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.126"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Linn","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.3649,42.2964],[-91.3651,42.2082],[-91.3653,42.1215],[-91.3661,42.0343],[-91.3669,41.948],[-91.3677,41.8603],[-91.4836,41.8608],[-91.5989,41.8612],[-91.716,41.862],[-91.8318,41.8617],[-91.8329,41.9485],[-91.8338,42.0366],[-91.8342,42.1242],[-91.8328,42.2087],[-91.8319,42.2987],[-91.7153,42.2971],[-91.5969,42.2959],[-91.4809,42.296],[-91.3649,42.2964]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Linn\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","volume":"26","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07cfe4b0c8380cd5184a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033807,"text":"70033807 - 2011 - Removal of inorganic mercury and methylmercury from surface waters following coagulation of dissolved organic matter with metal-based salts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T17:01:12","indexId":"70033807","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Removal of inorganic mercury and methylmercury from surface waters following coagulation of dissolved organic matter with metal-based salts","docAbstract":"The presence of inorganic mercury (IHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in surface waters is a health concern worldwide. This study assessed the removal potential use of metal-based coagulants as a means to remove both dissolved IHg and MeHg from natural waters and provides information regarding the importance of Hg associations with the dissolved organic matter (DOM) fraction and metal hydroxides. Previous research indicated coagulants were not effective at removing Hg from solution; however these studies used high concentrations of Hg and did not reflect naturally occurring concentrations of Hg. In this study, water collected from an agricultural drain in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta was filtered to isolate the dissolved organic matter (DOM) fraction. The DOM was then treated with a range of coagulant doses to determine the efficacy of removing all forms of Hg from solution. Three industrial-grade coagulants were tested: ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, and polyaluminum chloride. Coagulation removed up to 85% of DOM from solution. In the absence of DOM, all three coagulants released IHg into solution, however in the presence of DOM the coagulants removed up to 97% of IHg and 80% of MeHg. Results suggest that the removal of Hg is mediated by DOM-coagulant interactions. There was a preferential association of IHg with the more aromatic, higher molecular weight fraction of DOM but no such relationship was found for MeHg. This study offers new fundamental insights regarding large-scale removal of Hg at environmentally relevant regarding large-scale removal of Hg at environmentally relevant concentrations.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.10.030","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Henneberry, Y., Kraus, T., Fleck, J., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Bachand, P., and Horwath, W., 2011, Removal of inorganic mercury and methylmercury from surface waters following coagulation of dissolved organic matter with metal-based salts: Science of the Total Environment, v. 409, no. 3, p. 631-637, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.10.030.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"631","endPage":"637","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"409","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa72ce4b0c8380cd8527f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henneberry, Y.K.","contributorId":71402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henneberry","given":"Y.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraus, T.E.C. 0000-0002-5187-8644","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":9758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"T.E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleck, J.A. 0000-0002-3217-3972","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":35864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bachand, P.M.","contributorId":54805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachand","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Horwath, W.R.","contributorId":14652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horwath","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033820,"text":"70033820 - 2011 - Millennial precipitation reconstruction for the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, reveals changing drought signal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:24:17","indexId":"70033820","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Millennial precipitation reconstruction for the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, reveals changing drought signal","docAbstract":"<p><span>Drought is a recurring phenomenon in the American Southwest. Since the frequency and severity of hydrologic droughts and other hydroclimatic events are of critical importance to the ecology and rapidly growing human population of this region, knowledge of long-term natural hydroclimatic variability is valuable for resource managers and policy-makers. An October–June precipitation reconstruction for the period AD 824–2007 was developed from multi-century tree-ring records of </span><i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i><span> (Douglas-fir), </span><i>Pinus strobiformis</i><span> (Southwestern white pine) and </span><i>Pinus ponderosa</i><span> (Ponderosa pine) for the Jemez Mountains in Northern New Mexico. Calibration and verification statistics for the period 1896–2007 show a high level of skill, and account for a significant portion of the observed variance (&gt;50%) irrespective of which period is used to develop or verify the regression model. Split-sample validation supports our use of a reconstruction model based on the full period of reliable observational data (1896–2007). A recent segment of the reconstruction (2000–2006) emerges as the driest 7-year period sensed by the trees in the entire record. That this period was only moderately dry in precipitation anomaly likely indicates accentuated stress from other factors, such as warmer temperatures. Correlation field maps of actual and reconstructed October–June total precipitation, sea surface temperatures and 500-mb geopotential heights show characteristics that are similar to those indicative of El Niño–Southern Oscillation patterns, particularly with regard to ocean and atmospheric conditions in the equatorial and north Pacific. Our 1184-year reconstruction of hydroclimatic variability provides long-term perspective on current and 20th century wet and dry events in Northern New Mexico, is useful to guide expectations of future variability, aids sustainable water management, provides scenarios for drought planning and as inputs for hydrologic models under a broader range of conditions than those provided by historical climate records.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/joc.2117","usgsCitation":"Touchan, R., Woodhouse, C.A., Meko, D.M., and Allen, C.D., 2011, Millennial precipitation reconstruction for the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, reveals changing drought signal: International Journal of Climatology, v. 31, no. 6, p. 896-906, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2117.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"896","endPage":"906","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Jemez Mounains","volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a572ee4b0c8380cd6daec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Touchan, Ramzi","contributorId":77863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Touchan","given":"Ramzi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodhouse, Connie A.","contributorId":187601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodhouse","given":"Connie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":32413,"text":"University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meko, David M.","contributorId":145887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meko","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033828,"text":"70033828 - 2011 - The influence of stream channels on distributions of Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa in the Mojave Desert, CA, USA: Patterns, mechanisms and effects of stream redistribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T12:32:57","indexId":"70033828","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of stream channels on distributions of Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa in the Mojave Desert, CA, USA: Patterns, mechanisms and effects of stream redistribution","docAbstract":"<p><span>Drainage channels are among the most conspicuous surficial features of deserts, but little quantitative analysis of their influence on plant distributions is available. We analysed the effects of desert stream channels (‘washes’) on&nbsp;</span><i>Larrea tridentata</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Ambrosia dumosa</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>density and cover on an alluvial piedmont in the Mojave Desert, based on a spatial analysis of transect data encompassing a total length of 2775 m surveyed in 5 cm increments. Significant deviations from average transect properties were identified by bootstrapping. Predictably, shrub cover and density were much reduced inside washes, and elevated above average levels adjacent to washes. Average<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Larrea</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Ambrosia</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>cover and density peaked 1·2–1·6 m and 0·5–1·0 m from wash edges, respectively. We compared wash effects in runon-depleted (−R) sections, where washes had been cut off from runon and were presumably inactive, with those in runon-supplemented (+R) sections downslope from railroad culverts to help identify mechanisms responsible for the facilitative effect of washes on adjacent shrubs. Shrub cover and density near washes peaked in both + R and − R sections, suggesting that improved water infiltration and storage alone can cause a facilitative effect on adjacent shrubs. However, washes of &lt; 2 m width in + R sections had larger than average effects on peak cover, suggesting that plants also benefit from occasional resource supplementation. The data suggest that channel networks significantly contribute to structuring plant communities in the Mojave Desert and their disruption has notable effects on geomorphic and ecological processes far beyond the original disturbance sites.<span>&nbsp;</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.116","issn":"19360584","usgsCitation":"Schwinning, S., Sandquist, D., Miller, D., Bedford, D.R., Phillips, S.L., and Belnap, J., 2011, The influence of stream channels on distributions of Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa in the Mojave Desert, CA, USA: Patterns, mechanisms and effects of stream redistribution: Ecohydrology, v. 4, no. 1, p. 12-25, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.116.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-019949","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214263,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eco.116"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad38e4b08c986b323a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwinning, S.","contributorId":41207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwinning","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandquist, D.R.","contributorId":37281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandquist","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, D. M. 0000-0003-3711-0441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":104422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bedford, D. R.","contributorId":9734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedford","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, S. L.","contributorId":94460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Belnap, J. 0000-0001-7471-2279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":23872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033836,"text":"70033836 - 2011 - Stopover habitats of spring migrating surf scoters in southeast Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:39:17","indexId":"70033836","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stopover habitats of spring migrating surf scoters in southeast Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Habitat conditions and nutrient reserve levels during spring migration have been suggested as important factors affecting population declines in waterfowl, emphasizing the need to identify key sites used during spring and understand habitat features and resource availability at stopover sites. We used satellite telemetry to identify stopover sites used by surf scoters migrating through southeast Alaska during spring. We then contrasted habitat features of these sites to those of random sites to determine habitat attributes corresponding to use by migrating scoters. We identified 14 stopover sites based on use by satellite tagged surf scoters from several wintering sites. We identified Lynn Canal as a particularly important stopover site for surf scoters originating throughout the Pacific winter range; approximately half of tagged coastally migrating surf scoters used this site, many for extended periods. Stopover sites were farther from the mainland coast and closer to herring spawn sites than random sites, whereas physical shoreline habitat attributes were generally poor predictors of site use. The geography and resource availability within southeast Alaska provides unique and potentially critical stopover habitat for spring migrating surf scoters. Our work identifies specific sites and habitat resources that deserve conservation and management consideration. Aggregations of birds are vulnerable to human activity impacts such as contaminant spills and resource management decisions. This information is of value to agencies and organizations responsible for emergency response planning, herring fisheries management, and bird and ecosystem conservation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.5","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Lok, E.K., Esler, D., Takekawa, J.Y., De La Cruz, S., Sean, B.W., Nysewander, D., Evenson, J., and Ward, D.H., 2011, Stopover habitats of spring migrating surf scoters in southeast Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 1, p. 92-100, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"100","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214380,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.5"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9865e4b08c986b31bff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lok, Erica K.","contributorId":47183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lok","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":442774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"De La Cruz, S.W.","contributorId":82544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La Cruz","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sean, Boyd W.","contributorId":19791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sean","given":"Boyd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nysewander, D.R.","contributorId":90946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nysewander","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Evenson, J.R.","contributorId":105927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenson","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70033837,"text":"70033837 - 2011 - PP and PS interferometric images of near-seafloor sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033837","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3317,"text":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"PP and PS interferometric images of near-seafloor sediments","docAbstract":"I present interferometric processing examples from an ocean-bottom cable OBC dataset collected at a water depth of 800 m in the Gulf of Mexico. Virtual source and receiver gathers created through cross-correlation of full wavefields show clear PP reflections and PS conversions from near-seafloor layers of interest. Virtual gathers from wavefield-separated data show improved PP and PS arrivals. PP and PS brute stacks from the wavefield-separated data compare favorably with images from a non-interferometric processing flow. ?? 2011 Society of Exploration Geophysicists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3627439","issn":"10523812","usgsCitation":"Haines, S., 2011, PP and PS interferometric images of near-seafloor sediments: SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 30, no. 1, p. 1288-1292, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3627439.","startPage":"1288","endPage":"1292","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214381,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3627439"},{"id":242104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a736de4b0c8380cd77014","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haines, S.S. 0000-0003-2611-8165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-8165","contributorId":33402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034422,"text":"70034422 - 2011 - A multi-agency nutrient dataset used to estimate loads, improve monitoring design, and calibrate regional nutrient SPARROW models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-21T12:41:48.927593","indexId":"70034422","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-agency nutrient dataset used to estimate loads, improve monitoring design, and calibrate regional nutrient SPARROW models","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stream‐loading information was compiled from federal, state, and local agencies, and selected universities as part of an effort to develop regional SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models to help describe the distribution, sources, and transport of nutrients in streams throughout much of the United States. After screening, 2,739 sites, sampled by 73 agencies, were identified as having suitable data for calculating long‐term mean annual nutrient loads required for SPARROW model calibration. These sites had a wide range in nutrient concentrations, loads, and yields, and environmental characteristics in their basins. An analysis of the accuracy in load estimates relative to site attributes indicated that accuracy in loads improve with increases in the number of observations, the proportion of uncensored data, and the variability in flow on observation days, whereas accuracy declines with increases in the root mean square error of the water‐quality model, the flow‐bias ratio, the number of days between samples, the variability in daily streamflow for the prediction period, and if the load estimate has been detrended. Based on compiled data, all areas of the country had recent declines in the number of sites with sufficient water‐quality data to compute accurate annual loads and support regional modeling analyses. These declines were caused by decreases in the number of sites being sampled and data not being entered in readily accessible databases.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00575.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Saad, D.A., Schwarz, G., Robertson, D.M., and Booth, N., 2011, A multi-agency nutrient dataset used to estimate loads, improve monitoring design, and calibrate regional nutrient SPARROW models: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 933-949, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00575.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"933","endPage":"949","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475338,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00575.x","text":"External 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              46.86475\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39567,\n                47.72017\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.68721,\n                48.18443\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.5661,\n                48.37971\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.12,\n                48.04\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.58736,\n                47.096\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.34,\n                47.36\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.5,\n                48.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.84,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -120,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.03121,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -116.04818,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -113,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -110.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -107.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.04826,\n                48.99986\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.65,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.22872,\n                49.0007\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15907,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15609,\n                49.38425\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ]\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      },\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"name\": \"United States\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2ece4b0c8380cd45d2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saad, D. A.","contributorId":85212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saad","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwarz, G. E. 0000-0002-9239-4566","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":14852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"G. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Booth, N.L.","contributorId":60815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033844,"text":"70033844 - 2011 - Hydrogeology, Chemical and Microbial Activity Measurement Through Deep Permafrost","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033844","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeology, Chemical and Microbial Activity Measurement Through Deep Permafrost","docAbstract":"Little is known about hydrogeochemical conditions beneath thick permafrost, particularly in fractured crystalline rock, due to difficulty in accessing this environment. The purpose of this investigation was to develop methods to obtain physical, chemical, and microbial information about the subpermafrost environment from a surface-drilled borehole. Using a U-tube, gas and water samples were collected, along with temperature, pressure, and hydraulic conductivity measurements, 420 m below ground surface, within a 535 m long, angled borehole at High Lake, Nunavut, Canada, in an area with 460-m-thick permafrost. Piezometric head was well above the base of the permafrost, near land surface. Initial water samples were contaminated with drill fluid, with later samples &lt;40% drill fluid. The salinity of the non-drill fluid component was &lt;20,000 mg/L, had a Ca/Na ratio above 1, with ??18O values ???5??? lower than the local surface water. The fluid isotopic composition was affected by the permafrost-formation process. Nonbacteriogenic CH4 was present and the sample location was within methane hydrate stability field. Sampling lines froze before uncontaminated samples from the subpermafrost environment could be obtained, yet the available time to obtain water samples was extended compared to previous studies. Temperature measurements collected from a distributed temperature sensor indicated that this issue can be overcome easily in the future. The lack of methanogenic CH4 is consistent with the high sulfate concentrations observed in cores. The combined surface-drilled borehole/U-tube approach can provide a large amount of physical, chemical, and microbial data from the subpermafrost environment with few, controllable, sources of contamination. ?? 2010 The Author(s). Journal compilation ?? 2010 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00724.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Stotler, R., Frape, S., Freifeld, B., Holden, B., Onstott, T., Ruskeeniemi, T., and Chan, E., 2011, Hydrogeology, Chemical and Microbial Activity Measurement Through Deep Permafrost: Ground Water, v. 49, no. 3, p. 348-364, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00724.x.","startPage":"348","endPage":"364","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475385,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1012713/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214476,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00724.x"},{"id":242204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a34d9e4b0c8380cd5fa98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stotler, R.L.","contributorId":39596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stotler","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frape, S.K.","contributorId":105335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frape","given":"S.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freifeld, B.M.","contributorId":21753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freifeld","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holden, B.","contributorId":51554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holden","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Onstott, T.C.","contributorId":47006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Onstott","given":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ruskeeniemi, T.","contributorId":18190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruskeeniemi","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chan, E.","contributorId":31999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chan","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70033846,"text":"70033846 - 2011 - Lake carbonate-δ<sup>18</sup> records from the Yukon Territory, Canada: Little Ice Age moisture variability and patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-12T11:48:59","indexId":"70033846","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake carbonate-δ<sup>18</sup> records from the Yukon Territory, Canada: Little Ice Age moisture variability and patterns","docAbstract":"<p><span>A 1000-yr history of climate change in the central Yukon Territory, Canada, is inferred from sediment composition and isotope geochemistry from small, groundwater fed, Seven Mile Lake. Recent observations of lake-water &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O, lake level, river discharge, and climate variations, suggest that changes in regional effective moisture (precipitation minus evaporation) are reflected by the lake&rsquo;s hydrologic balance. The observations indicate that the lake is currently&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O-enriched by summer evaporation and that during years of increased precipitation, when groundwater inflow rates to the lake increase, lake-water &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O values decrease. Past lake-water &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O values are inferred from oxygen isotope ratios of fine-grained sedimentary endogenic carbonate. Variations in carbonate &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O, supplemented by those in carbonate and organic &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C, C/N ratios, and organic carbon, carbonate and biogenic silica accumulation rates, document changes in effective moisture at decadal time scales during the early Little Ice Age period to present. Results indicate that between &sim;AD 1000 and 1600, effective moisture was higher than today. A shift to more arid climate conditions occurred after &sim;AD 1650. The 19th and 20th centuries have been the driest of the past millennium. Temporal variations correspond with inferred shifts in summer evaporation from Marcella Lake &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O, a similarly small, stratified, alkaline lake located &sim;250&nbsp;km to the southwest, suggesting that the combined reconstructions accurately document the regional paleoclimate of the east-central interior. Comparison with regional glacial activity suggests differing regional moisture patterns during early and late Little Ice Age advances.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.01.005","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Anderson, L., Finney, B., and Shapley, M.D., 2011, Lake carbonate-δ<sup>18</sup> records from the Yukon Territory, Canada: Little Ice Age moisture variability and patterns: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 30, no. 7-8, p. 887-898, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.01.005.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"887","endPage":"898","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214503,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.01.005"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Territory","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              60.02095215374802\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              69.65708627301174\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.48632812499999,\n              69.65708627301174\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.48632812499999,\n              60.02095215374802\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              60.02095215374802\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a415ae4b0c8380cd654c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Lesleigh 0000-0002-5264-089X land@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-089X","contributorId":436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lesleigh","email":"land@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finney, Bruce P.","contributorId":88074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finney","given":"Bruce P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shapley, Mark D.","contributorId":74974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapley","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033847,"text":"70033847 - 2011 - Particle-size dependence on metal(loid) distributions in mine wastes: Implications for water contamination and human exposure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033847","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Particle-size dependence on metal(loid) distributions in mine wastes: Implications for water contamination and human exposure","docAbstract":"The mining and processing of metal-bearing ores has resulted in contamination issues where waste materials from abandoned mines remain in piles of untreated and unconsolidated material, posing the potential for waterborne and airborne transport of toxic elements. This study presents a systematic method of particle size separation, mass distribution, and bulk chemical analysis for mine tailings and adjacent background soil samples from the Rand historic mining district, California, in order to assess particle size distribution and related trends in metal(loid) concentration as a function of particle size. Mine tailings produced through stamp milling and leaching processes were found to have both a narrower and finer particle size distribution than background samples, with significant fractions of particles available in a size range (???250 ??m) that could be incidentally ingested. In both tailings and background samples, the majority of trace metal(loid)s display an inverse relationship between concentration and particle size, resulting in higher proportions of As, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in finer-sized fractions which are more susceptible to both water- and wind-borne transport as well as ingestion and/or inhalation. Established regulatory screening levels for such elements may, therefore, significantly underestimate potential exposure risk if relying solely on bulk sample concentrations to guide remediation decisions. Correlations in elemental concentration trends (such as between As and Fe) indicate relationships between elements that may be relevant to their chemical speciation. ?? 2011 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.007","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kim, C., Wilson, K., and Rytuba, J.J., 2011, Particle-size dependence on metal(loid) distributions in mine wastes: Implications for water contamination and human exposure: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, no. 4, p. 484-495, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.007.","startPage":"484","endPage":"495","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214532,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.007"},{"id":242267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a752fe4b0c8380cd77a2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, C.S.","contributorId":54365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, K.M.","contributorId":48399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rytuba, J. J.","contributorId":83082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033848,"text":"70033848 - 2011 - Cumulative effects of restoration efforts on ecological characteristics of an open water area within the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033848","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cumulative effects of restoration efforts on ecological characteristics of an open water area within the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Ecological restoration efforts in large rivers generally aim to ameliorate ecological effects associated with large-scale modification of those rivers. This study examined whether the effects of restoration efforts-specifically those of island construction-within a largely open water restoration area of the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) might be seen at the spatial scale of that 3476ha area. The cumulative effects of island construction, when observed over multiple years, were postulated to have made the restoration area increasingly similar to a positive reference area (a proximate area comprising contiguous backwater areas) and increasingly different from two negative reference areas. The negative reference areas represented the Mississippi River main channel in an area proximate to the restoration area and an open water area in a related Mississippi River reach that has seen relatively little restoration effort. Inferences on the effects of restoration were made by comparing constrained and unconstrained models of summer chlorophyll a (CHL), summer inorganic suspended solids (ISS) and counts of benthic mayfly larvae. Constrained models forced trends in means or in both means and sampling variances to become, over time, increasingly similar to those in the positive reference area and increasingly dissimilar to those in the negative reference areas. Trends were estimated over 12- (mayflies) or 14-year sampling periods, and were evaluated using model information criteria. Based on these methods, restoration effects were observed for CHL and mayflies while evidence in favour of restoration effects on ISS was equivocal. These findings suggest that the cumulative effects of island building at relatively large spatial scales within large rivers may be estimated using data from large-scale surveillance monitoring programs. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.1375","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Gray, B., Shi, W., Houser, J., Rogala, J.T., Guan, Z., and Cochran-Biederman, J.L., 2011, Cumulative effects of restoration efforts on ecological characteristics of an open water area within the Upper Mississippi River: River Research and Applications, v. 27, no. 5, p. 537-549, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1375.","startPage":"537","endPage":"549","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214533,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1375"},{"id":242268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd0ae4b0c8380cd4e5d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, B. R. 0000-0001-7682-9550","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":14785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shi, W.","contributorId":6274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Houser, J.N.","contributorId":91603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rogala, J. T.","contributorId":28572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogala","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guan, Z.","contributorId":86188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guan","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cochran-Biederman, J. L.","contributorId":46318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran-Biederman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033854,"text":"70033854 - 2011 - Polar bear population status in the northern Beaufort Sea, Canada, 1971-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T12:54:58","indexId":"70033854","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polar bear population status in the northern Beaufort Sea, Canada, 1971-2006","docAbstract":"<p><span>Polar bears (</span><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Ursus maritimus</span><span>) of the northern Beaufort Sea (NB) population occur on the perimeter of the polar basin adjacent to the northwestern islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Sea ice converges on the islands through most of the year. We used open-population capture&ndash;recapture models to estimate population size and vital rates of polar bears between 1971 and 2006 to: (1) assess relationships between survival, sex and age, and time period; (2) evaluate the long-term importance of sea ice quality and availability in relation to climate warming; and (3) note future management and conservation concerns. The highest-ranking models suggested that survival of polar bears varied by age class and with changes in the sea ice habitat. Model-averaged estimates of survival (which include harvest mortality) for senescent adults ranged from 0.37 to 0.62, from 0.22 to 0.68 for cubs of the year (COY) and yearlings, and from 0.77 to 0.92 for 2&ndash;4 year-olds and adults. Horvtiz-Thompson (HT) estimates of population size were not significantly different among the decades of our study. The population size estimated for the 2000s was 980 &plusmn; 155 (mean and 95% CI). These estimates apply primarily to that segment of the NB population residing west and south of Banks Island. The NB polar bear population appears to have been stable or possibly increasing slightly during the period of our study. This suggests that ice conditions have remained suitable and similar for feeding in summer and fall during most years and that the traditional and legal Inuvialuit harvest has not exceeded sustainable levels. However, the amount of ice remaining in the study area at the end of summer, and the proportion that continues to lie over the biologically productive continental shelf (&lt;300 m water depth) has declined over the 35-year period of this study. If the climate continues to warm as predicted, we predict that the polar bear population in the northern Beaufort Sea will eventually decline. Management and conservation practices for polar bears in relation to both aboriginal harvesting and offshore industrial activity will need to adapt.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/10-0849.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Stirling, I., McDonald, T.L., Richardson, E., Regehr, E., and Amstrup, S.C., 2011, Polar bear population status in the northern Beaufort Sea, Canada, 1971-2006: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 3, p. 859-876, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-0849.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"859","endPage":"876","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214150,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-0849.1"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7cc1e4b0c8380cd79b76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stirling, I.","contributorId":103615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stirling","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, T. L.","contributorId":101211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richardson, E.S.","contributorId":47991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regehr, E.V.","contributorId":90937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regehr","given":"E.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033870,"text":"70033870 - 2011 - Building destruction from waves and surge on the bolivar peninsula during hurricane ike","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033870","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2504,"text":"Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Building destruction from waves and surge on the bolivar peninsula during hurricane ike","docAbstract":"The Bolivar Peninsula in Texas was severely impacted by Hurricane Ike with strong winds, large waves, widespread inundation, and severe damage. This paper examines the wave and surge climate on Bolivar during the storm and the consequent survival and destruction of buildings. Emphasis is placed on differences between buildings that survived (with varying degrees of damage) and buildings that were completely destroyed. Building elevations are found to be the primary indicator of survival for areas with large waves. Here, buildings that were sufficiently elevated above waves and surge suffered relatively little structural damage, while houses at lower elevations were impacted by large waves and generally completely destroyed. In many areas, the transition from destruction to survival was over a very small elevation range of around 0.5 m. In areas where waves were smaller, survival was possible at much lower elevations. Higher houses that were not inundated still survived, but well-built houses at lower elevations could also survive as the waves were not large enough to cause structural damage. However, the transition height where waves became damaging could not be determined from this study. ?? 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000061","issn":"0733950X","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, A., Rogers, S., Sallenger, A., Gravois, U., Zachry, B., Dosa, M., and Zarama, F., 2011, Building destruction from waves and surge on the bolivar peninsula during hurricane ike: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, v. 137, no. 3, p. 132-141, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000061.","startPage":"132","endPage":"141","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214414,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000061"},{"id":242138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2a8e4b0c8380cd4b298","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, A.","contributorId":68975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, S.","contributorId":6563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sallenger, A.","contributorId":49198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gravois, U.","contributorId":63230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gravois","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zachry, B.","contributorId":50742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zachry","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dosa, M.","contributorId":81320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dosa","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zarama, F.","contributorId":26531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarama","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70033882,"text":"70033882 - 2011 - Persistent effects of wildfire and debris flows on the invertebrate prey base of rainbow trout in Idaho streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T12:23:21","indexId":"70033882","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistent effects of wildfire and debris flows on the invertebrate prey base of rainbow trout in Idaho streams","docAbstract":"Wildfire and debris flows are important physical and ecological drivers in headwater streams of western North America. Past research has primarily examined short-term effects of these disturbances; less is known about longer-term impacts. We investigated wildfire effects on the invertebrate prey base for drift-feeding rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) in Idaho headwater streams a decade after wildfire. Three stream types with different disturbance histories were examined: 1) unburned, 2) burned, and 3) burned followed by debris flows that reset channel morphology and riparian vegetation. The quantity of macroinvertebrate drift (biomass density) was more variable within than among disturbance categories. Average body weight and taxonomic richness of drift were significantly related to water temperature and influenced by disturbance history. During the autumn sampling period, the amount of terrestrial insects in rainbow trout diets varied with disturbance history and the amount of overhead canopy along the stream banks. Results indicate that there are detectable changes to macroinvertebrate drift and trout diet a decade after wildfire, and that these responses are better correlated with specific characteristics of the stream (water temperature, canopy cover) than with broad disturbance classes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3955/046.085.0105","issn":"0029344X","usgsCitation":"Rosenberger, A., Dunham, J., Buffington, J., and Wipfli, M., 2011, Persistent effects of wildfire and debris flows on the invertebrate prey base of rainbow trout in Idaho streams: Northwest Science, v. 85, no. 1, p. 55-63, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.085.0105.","startPage":"55","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214117,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.085.0105"}],"volume":"85","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a76f5e4b0c8380cd783b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberger, A.E.","contributorId":98526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, J. B. 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":96637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buffington, J.M.","contributorId":99677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buffington","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wipfli, M.S.","contributorId":51963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033884,"text":"70033884 - 2011 - Calibration of models using groundwater age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T17:06:03","indexId":"70033884","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calibration of models using groundwater age","docAbstract":"There have been substantial efforts recently by geochemists to determine the age of groundwater (time since water entered the system) and its uncertainty, and by hydrologists to use these data to help calibrate groundwater models. This essay discusses the calibration of models using groundwater age, with conclusions that emphasize what is practical given current limitations rather than theoretical possibilities.","language":"English, French","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-010-0637-6","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W.E., 2011, Calibration of models using groundwater age: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 19, no. 1, p. 13-16, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-010-0637-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"16","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f316e4b0c8380cd4b5c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033900,"text":"70033900 - 2011 - Effects of human-induced alteration of groundwater flow on concentrations of naturally-occurring trace elements at water-supply wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T12:11:46","indexId":"70033900","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of human-induced alteration of groundwater flow on concentrations of naturally-occurring trace elements at water-supply wells","docAbstract":"The effects of human-induced alteration of groundwater flow patterns on concentrations of naturally-occurring trace elements were examined in five hydrologically distinct aquifer systems in the USA. Although naturally occurring, these trace elements can exceed concentrations that are considered harmful to human health. The results show that pumping-induced hydraulic gradient changes and artificial connection of aquifers by well screens can mix chemically distinct groundwater. Chemical reactions between these mixed groundwaters and solid aquifer materials can result in the mobilization of trace elements such as U, As and Ra, with subsequent transport to water-supply wells. For example, in the High Plains aquifer near York, Nebraska, mixing of shallow, oxygenated, lower-pH water from an unconfined aquifer with deeper, confined, anoxic, higher-pH water is facilitated by wells screened across both aquifers. The resulting higher-O2, lower-pH mixed groundwater facilitated the mobilization of U from solid aquifer materials, and dissolved U concentrations were observed to increase significantly in nearby supply wells. Similar instances of trace element mobilization due to human-induced mixing of groundwaters were documented in: (1) the Floridan aquifer system near Tampa, Florida (As and U), (2) Paleozoic sedimentary aquifers in eastern Wisconsin (As), (3) the basin-fill aquifer underlying the California Central Valley near Modesto (U), and (4) Coastal Plain aquifers of New Jersey (Ra). Adverse water-quality impacts attributed to human activities are commonly assumed to be related solely to the release of the various anthropogenic contaminants to the environment. The results show that human activities including various land uses, well drilling, and pumping rates and volumes can adversely impact the quality of water in supply wells, when associated with naturally-occurring trace elements in aquifer materials. This occurs by causing subtle but significant changes in geochemistry and associated trace element mobilization as well as enhancing advective transport processes.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.033","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J., Szabo, Z., Focazio, M., and Eberts, S.M., 2011, Effects of human-induced alteration of groundwater flow on concentrations of naturally-occurring trace elements at water-supply wells: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, no. 5, p. 747-762, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.033.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"747","endPage":"762","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475382,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.01.033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -126.21093749999999,\n              49.49667452747045\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.98046874999999,\n              46.07323062540835\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.68359374999999,\n              42.032974332441405\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.33203125,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.87109375,\n              36.1733569352216\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.53125,\n              33.43144133557529\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.3671875,\n              32.69486597787505\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4453125,\n              31.50362930577303\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.875,\n              31.653381399664\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.97656249999999,\n              25.005972656239187\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.625,\n              27.68352808378776\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.98828125,\n              29.38217507514529\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.59374999999999,\n              28.613459424004414\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.24218749999999,\n              29.84064389983441\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.90234375,\n              28.613459424004414\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.68359375,\n              24.046463999666567\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.1015625,\n              25.48295117535531\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.92578124999999,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.46484375,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.70703125,\n              37.020098201368114\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.30078125,\n              38.8225909761771\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.48828125,\n              40.84706035607122\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              43.83452678223682\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              47.27922900257082\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.78515625,\n              47.27922900257082\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.76171875,\n              45.82879925192134\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.73828125,\n              42.16340342422401\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.85937499999999,\n              45.089035564831036\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.19921875,\n              46.92025531537451\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.8671875,\n              49.38237278700955\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.21093749999999,\n              49.49667452747045\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a071ae4b0c8380cd51569","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayotte, J. 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,{"id":70033901,"text":"70033901 - 2011 - An inexpensive instrument for measuring wave exposure and water velocity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033901","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An inexpensive instrument for measuring wave exposure and water velocity","docAbstract":"Ocean waves drive a wide variety of nearshore physical processes, structuring entire ecosystems through their direct and indirect effects on the settlement, behavior, and survivorship of marine organisms. However, wave exposure remains difficult and expensive to measure. Here, we report on an inexpensive and easily constructed instrument for measuring wave-induced water velocities. The underwater relative swell kinetics instrument (URSKI) is a subsurface float tethered by a short (<1 m) line to the seafloor. Contained within the float is an accelerometer that records the tilt of the float in response to passing waves. During two field trials totaling 358 h, we confirmed the accuracy and precision of URSKI measurements through comparison to velocities measured by an in situ acoustic Doppler velocimeter and those predicted by a standard swell model, and we evaluated how the dimensions of the devices, its buoyancy, and sampling frequency can be modified for use in a variety of environments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4319/lom.2011.9.204","issn":"15415856","usgsCitation":"Figurski, J., Malone, D., Lacy, J., and Denny, M., 2011, An inexpensive instrument for measuring wave exposure and water velocity: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v. 9, no. MAY, p. 204-214, https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2011.9.204.","startPage":"204","endPage":"214","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475386,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2011.9.204","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214355,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lom.2011.9.204"},{"id":242075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"MAY","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea7ae4b0c8380cd488b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Figurski, J.D.","contributorId":80853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figurski","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malone, D.","contributorId":59642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lacy, J.R.","contributorId":68508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Denny, M.","contributorId":68123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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