Ecosystem-level studies identify plant–soil feedbacks as important controls on soil nutrient availability, particularly for nitrogen and phosphorus. Although site- and species-specific studies of tree species–soil relationships are relatively common, comparatively fewer studies consider multiple co-existing species in old-growth forests across a range of sites that vary in underlying soil fertility. We characterized patterns in forest floor and mineral soil nutrients associated with four common tree species across eight undisturbed old-growth forests in Oregon, USA, and used two complementary conceptual models to assess tree species–soil relationships. Plant–soil feedbacks that could reinforce site-level differences in nutrient availability were assessed using the context-dependent relationships model, whereby relative species-based differences in each soil nutrient diverged or converged as nutrient status changed across sites. Tree species–soil relationships that did not reflect strong feedbacks were evaluated using a site-independent relationships model, whereby forest floor and surface mineral soil nutrient pools differed consistently by tree species across sites, without variation in deeper mineral soils. We found that the organically cycled elements carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus exhibited context-dependent differences among species in both forest floor and mineral soil, and most often followed a divergence model, whereby species differences were greatest at high-nutrient sites. These patterns are consistent with theory emphasizing biotic control of these elements through plant–soil feedback mechanisms. Site-independent species differences were strongest for pools of the weatherable cations calcium, magnesium, potassium, as well as phosphorus, in mineral soils. Site-independent species differences in forest floor nutrients were attributable to one species that displayed significantly greater forest floor mass accumulation. Our findings confirm that site-independent and context-dependent tree species-soil relationships occur simultaneously in old-growth temperate forests, with context-dependent relationships strongest for organically cycled elements, and site-independent relationships strongest for weatherable elements with inorganic cycling phases. These models provide complementary explanations for patterns of nutrient accumulation and cycling in mixed-species old-growth temperate forests.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-010-9407-5","usgsCitation":"Cross, A., and Perakis, S., 2011, Complementary models of tree species-soil relationships in old-growth temperate forests: Ecosystems, v. 14, no. 2, p. 248-260, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-010-9407-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"260","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 43.02071359427862\n ],\n [\n -122.89306640624999,\n 43.02071359427862\n ],\n [\n -122.89306640624999,\n 45.47554027158593\n ],\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 45.47554027158593\n ],\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 43.02071359427862\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a385","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Alison","contributorId":28730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cross","given":"Alison","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":16797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004002,"text":"70004002 - 2011 - Comparison of main-shock and aftershock fragility curves developed for New Zealand and US buildings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-02T16:25:20","indexId":"70004002","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparison of main-shock and aftershock fragility curves developed for New Zealand and US buildings","docAbstract":"Seismic risk assessment involves the development of fragility functions to express the relationship between ground motion intensity and damage potential. In evaluating the risk associated with the building inventory in a region, it is essential to capture 'actual' characteristics of the buildings and group them so that 'generic building types' can be generated for further analysis of their damage potential. Variations in building characteristics across regions/countries largely influence the resulting fragility functions, such that building models are unsuitable to be adopted for risk assessment in any other region where a different set of building is present. In this paper, for a given building type (represented in terms of height and structural system), typical New Zealand and US building models are considered to illustrate the differences in structural model parameters and their effects on resulting fragility functions for a set of main-shocks and aftershocks. From this study, the general conclusion is that the methodology and assumptions used to derive basic capacity curve parameters have a considerable influence on fragility curves.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ninth Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering: Building an earthquake resilient society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2011 Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering","conferenceDate":"April 14-16, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Aukland, New Zealand","language":"English","publisher":"New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering","publisherLocation":"Wellington, New Zealand","isbn":"9780908960583","usgsCitation":"Uma, S., Ryu, H., Luco, N., Liel, A., and Raghunandan, M., 2011, Comparison of main-shock and aftershock fragility curves developed for New Zealand and US buildings, in Proceedings of the Ninth Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering: Building an earthquake resilient society, Aukland, New Zealand, April 14-16, 2011, 9 p.; Paper number 227.","productDescription":"9 p.; Paper number 227","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352196,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nzsee.org.nz/db/2011/index.htm"},{"id":21933,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://db.nzsee.org.nz/2011/227.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"New Zealand, United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae711","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uma, S.R.","contributorId":41955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uma","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryu, H.","contributorId":74123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryu","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luco, N.","contributorId":34240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liel, A.B.","contributorId":68019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liel","given":"A.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raghunandan, M.","contributorId":28728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raghunandan","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004578,"text":"70004578 - 2011 - Comparing the role of fuel breaks across southern California national forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-23T16:58:36.294264","indexId":"70004578","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing the role of fuel breaks across southern California national forests","docAbstract":"Fuel treatment of wildland vegetation is the primary approach advocated for mitigating fire risk at the wildland–urban interface (WUI), but little systematic research has been conducted to understand what role fuel treatments play in controlling large fires, which factors influence this role, or how the role of fuel treatments may vary over space and time. We assembled a spatial database of fuel breaks and fires from the last 30 years in four southern California national forests to better understand which factors are consistently important for fuel breaks in the control of large fires. We also explored which landscape features influence where fires and fuel breaks are most likely to intersect. The relative importance of significant factors explaining fuel break outcome and number of fire and fuel break intersections varied among the forests, which reflects high levels of regional landscape diversity. Nevertheless, several factors were consistently important across all the forests. In general, fuel breaks played an important role in controlling large fires only when they facilitated fire management, primarily by providing access for firefighting activities. Fire weather and fuel break maintenance were also consistently important. Models and maps predicting where fuel breaks and fires are most likely to intersect performed well in the regions where the models were developed, but these models did not extend well to other regions, reflecting how the environmental controls of fire regimes vary even within a single ecoregion. Nevertheless, similar mapping methods could be adopted in different landscapes to help with strategic location of fuel breaks. Strategic location of fuel breaks should also account for access points near communities, where fire protection is most important.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2011.02.030","usgsCitation":"Syphard, A.D., Keeley, J.E., and Brennan, T.J., 2011, Comparing the role of fuel breaks across southern California national forests: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 261, no. 11, p. 2038-2048, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.02.030.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2038","endPage":"2048","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Angeles National Forest, Cleveland National Forest, Los Padres National Forest, San Bernardino National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.5706787109375,\n 32.690243035492266\n ],\n [\n -116.01562499999999,\n 33.701492795584365\n ],\n [\n -116.55944824218749,\n 34.43409789359469\n ],\n [\n -118.0535888671875,\n 34.67387626588273\n ],\n [\n -119.8773193359375,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -120.61889648437501,\n 35.380092992092145\n ],\n [\n -120.8441162109375,\n 35.36665566526249\n ],\n [\n -120.73974609374999,\n 35.21869749632885\n ],\n [\n -120.42663574218749,\n 34.8183131456094\n ],\n [\n -119.783935546875,\n 34.51560953848204\n ],\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 34.29353023058858\n ],\n [\n -118.9874267578125,\n 34.05265942137599\n ],\n [\n -118.68530273437501,\n 33.988918483762156\n ],\n [\n -118.49304199218749,\n 34.020794936018724\n ],\n [\n -118.36669921875,\n 33.715201644740844\n ],\n [\n -118.114013671875,\n 33.72890830547334\n ],\n [\n -117.564697265625,\n 33.37182502950726\n ],\n [\n -117.00439453125,\n 32.61161640317033\n ],\n [\n -115.5706787109375,\n 32.690243035492266\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"261","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae46b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brennan, Teresa J. 0000-0002-0646-3298 tjbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-3298","contributorId":4323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Teresa","email":"tjbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004759,"text":"ofr20111126 - 2011 - Development and application of indices to assess the condition of benthic algal communities in U.S. streams and rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:54","indexId":"ofr20111126","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1126","title":"Development and application of indices to assess the condition of benthic algal communities in U.S. streams and rivers","docAbstract":"Multi-metric indices (MMIs) are a measure of a combination of characteristics of biological communities and are used as indicators of water quality and ecological health. Although MMIs for algal communities have been developed for specific regions of the United States, none of the indices have national applicability. The MMIs described in this report were developed by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey to assess the overall health of benthic algal communities in U.S. streams and rivers within five geographic regions that encompass the conterminous United States.The traditional procedure for developing MMIs (also referred to as indices of biological integrity) is to select individual metrics that, separately, can distinguish between undisturbed sites (selected for this study as reference sites) and predetermined disturbed sites. The metrics are then combined into a single index. In addition to traditional approaches for selecting individual metrics, the current study used stepwise logistic regressions to select sets of metrics that best predicted whether sites were in an undisturbed or a disturbed condition. Multi-metric indices and logistic regression models were developed for five regions of the United States using calibration datasets and were evaluated using independent validation datasets.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111126","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program; Prepared in cooperation with The Academy of Natural Sciences, Patrick Center for Environmental Research","usgsCitation":"Potapova, M., and Carlisle, D.M., 2011, Development and application of indices to assess the condition of benthic algal communities in U.S. streams and rivers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1126, iv, 24 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111126.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.; Appendices","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1126.gif"},{"id":21955,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1126/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6672fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Potapova, Marina","contributorId":89274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potapova","given":"Marina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, Daren M. 0000-0002-7367-348X dcarlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-348X","contributorId":513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"Daren","email":"dcarlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035023,"text":"70035023 - 2011 - Discrete choice modeling of shovelnose sturgeon habitat selection in the Lower Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-16T18:52:44.274963","indexId":"70035023","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discrete choice modeling of shovelnose sturgeon habitat selection in the Lower Missouri River","docAbstract":"Substantive changes to physical habitat in the Lower Missouri River, resulting from intensive management, have been implicated in the decline of pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose (S. platorynchus) sturgeon. To aid in habitat rehabilitation efforts, we evaluated habitat selection of gravid, female shovelnose sturgeon during the spawning season in two sections (lower and upper) of the Lower Missouri River in 2005 and in the upper section in 2007. We fit discrete choice models within an information theoretic framework to identify selection of means and variability in three components of physical habitat. Characterizing habitat within divisions around fish better explained selection than habitat values at the fish locations. In general, female shovelnose sturgeon were negatively associated with mean velocity between them and the bank and positively associated with variability in surrounding depths. For example, in the upper section in 2005, a 0.5 m s−1 decrease in velocity within 10 m in the bank direction increased the relative probability of selection 70%. In the upper section fish also selected sites with surrounding structure in depth (e.g., change in relief). Differences in models between sections and years, which are reinforced by validation rates, suggest that changes in habitat due to geomorphology, hydrology, and their interactions over time need to be addressed when evaluating habitat selection. Because of the importance of variability in surrounding depths, these results support an emphasis on restoring channel complexity as an objective of habitat restoration for shovelnose sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer- Verlag","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01637.x","usgsCitation":"Bonnot, T., Wildhaber, M.L., Millspaugh, J., Delonay, A.J., Jacobson, R.B., and Bryan, J., 2011, Discrete choice modeling of shovelnose sturgeon habitat selection in the Lower Missouri River: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 27, no. 2, p. 291-300, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01637.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"300","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474974,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01637.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215507,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01637.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Lower Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 38.87392853923629\n ],\n [\n -91.77978515625,\n 39.487084981687495\n ],\n [\n -93.33984375,\n 39.50404070558415\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 39.232253141714885\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -91.95556640625,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 38.39333888832238\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 38.87392853923629\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {\n \"stroke\": \"#555555\",\n \"stroke-width\": 2,\n \"stroke-opacity\": 1,\n \"fill\": \"#555555\",\n \"fill-opacity\": 0.5\n },\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.73486328124999,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -96.0479736328125,\n 42.020732852644294\n ],\n [\n -96.3555908203125,\n 42.593532625649935\n ],\n [\n -96.6412353515625,\n 42.52879629320373\n ],\n [\n -96.2127685546875,\n 41.53736603550382\n ],\n [\n -95.91064453125,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -95.73486328124999,\n 41.32732632036622\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.229248046875,\n 42.512601715736665\n ],\n [\n -97.294921875,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -97.62451171875,\n 42.871938424448466\n ],\n [\n -97.2454833984375,\n 42.5733097370664\n ],\n [\n -96.5478515625,\n 42.431565872579185\n ],\n [\n -96.229248046875,\n 42.512601715736665\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01f5e4b0c8380cd4fdf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonnot, T.W.","contributorId":52705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonnot","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wildhaber, Mark L. 0000-0002-6538-9083 mwildhaber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":1386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"Mark","email":"mwildhaber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Millspaugh, J.J.","contributorId":99105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeLonay, Aaron J. 0000-0002-3752-2799 adelonay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":2725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"Aaron","email":"adelonay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bryan, J.L.","contributorId":15328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034460,"text":"70034460 - 2011 - Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T17:52:07.892043","indexId":"70034460","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one","docAbstract":"Estimation of site occupancy rates when detection probabilities are <1 is well established in wildlife science. Data from multiple visits to a sample of sites are used to estimate detection probabilities and the proportion of sites occupied by focal species. In this article we describe how site occupancy methods can be applied to estimate occupancy rates of plants and other sessile organisms. We illustrate this approach and the pitfalls of ignoring incomplete detection using spatial data for 2 aquatic vascular plants collected under the Upper Mississippi River's Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP). Site occupancy models considered include: a naïve model that ignores incomplete detection, a simple site occupancy model assuming a constant occupancy rate and a constant probability of detection across sites, several models that allow site occupancy rates and probabilities of detection to vary with habitat characteristics, and mixture models that allow for unexplained variation in detection probabilities. We used information theoretic methods to rank competing models and bootstrapping to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the final models. Results of our analysis confirm that ignoring incomplete detection can result in biased estimates of occupancy rates. Estimates of site occupancy rates for 2 aquatic plant species were 19–36% higher compared to naive estimates that ignored probabilities of detection <1. Simulations indicate that final models have little bias when 50 or more sites are sampled, and little gains in precision could be expected for sample sizes >300. We recommend applying site occupancy methods for monitoring presence of aquatic species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.06.004","issn":"03043770","usgsCitation":"Nielson, R.M., Gray, B., McDonald, L., and Heglund, P., 2011, Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one: Aquatic Botany, v. 95, no. 3, p. 221-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.06.004.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"225","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":381361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b44e4b0c8380cd52654","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielson, R. M.","contributorId":22967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, B. R. 0000-0001-7682-9550","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":14785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, L.L.","contributorId":19906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heglund, P.J.","contributorId":44505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70136183,"text":"70136183 - 2011 - Projected status of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in the twenty-first century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T17:49:56","indexId":"70136183","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Projected status of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in the twenty-first century","title":"Projected status of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in the twenty-first century","docAbstract":"Extensive and rapid losses of sea ice in the Arctic have raised conservation concerns for the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens), a large pinniped inhabiting arctic and subarctic continental shelf waters of the Chukchi and Bering seas. We developed a Bayesian network model to integrate potential effects of changing environmental conditions and anthropogenic stressors on the future status of the Pacific walrus population at four periods through the twenty-first century. The model framework allowed for inclusion of various sources and levels of knowledge, and representation of structural and parameter uncertainties. Walrus outcome probabilities through the century reflected a clear trend of worsening conditions for the subspecies. From the current observation period to the end of century, the greatest change in walrus outcome probabilities was a progressive decrease in the outcome state of robust and a concomitant increase in the outcome state of vulnerable. The probabilities of rare and extirpated states each progressively increased but remained <10% through the end of the century. The summed probabilities of vulnerable, rare, and extirpated (P(v,r,e)) increased from a current level of 10% in 2004 to 22% by 2050 and 40% by 2095. The degree of uncertainty in walrus outcomes increased monotonically over future periods. In the model, sea ice habitat (particularly for summer/fall) and harvest levels had the greatest influence on future population outcomes. Other potential stressors had much smaller influences on walrus outcomes, mostly because of uncertainty in their future states and our current poor understanding of their mechanistic influence on walrus abundance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00300-011-0967-4","usgsCitation":"Jay, C.V., Marcot, B., and Douglas, D.C., 2011, Projected status of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in the twenty-first century: Polar Biology, v. 34, no. 7, p. 1065-1084, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-011-0967-4.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1065","endPage":"1084","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024044","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2ee4b08de9379b3692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marcot, Bruce G.","contributorId":58015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcot","given":"Bruce G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70136194,"text":"70136194 - 2011 - An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-08T10:07:35","indexId":"70136194","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3836,"text":"Naturwissenschaften","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers","docAbstract":"The importance of olfaction in birds' social behavior has long been denied. Avian chemical signaling has thus been relatively unexplored. The black-legged kittiwake provides a particularly appropriate model for investigating this topic. Kittiwakes preferentially mate with genetically dissimilar individuals, but the cues used to assess genetic characteristics remain unknown. As in other vertebrates, their body odors may carry individual and sexual signatures thus potentially reliably signaling individual genetic makeup. Here, we test whether body odors in preen gland secretion and preen down feathers in kittiwakes may provide a sex and an individual signature. Using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, we found that male and female odors differ quantitatively, suggesting that scent may be one of the multiple cues used by birds to discriminate between sexes. We further detected an individual signature in the volatile and nonvolatile fractions of preen secretion and preen down feathers. These results suggest that kittiwake body odor may function as a signal associated with mate recognition. It further suggests that preen odor might broadcast the genetic makeup of individuals, and could be used in mate choice to assess the genetic compatibility of potential mates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag Heidelberg","publisherLocation":"Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9","usgsCitation":"Leclaire, S., Merkling, T., Raynaud, C., Giacinti, G., Bessiere, J., Hatch, S.A., and Danchin, E., 2011, An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers: Naturwissenschaften, v. 98, no. 7, p. 615-624, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"624","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026626","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297077,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296876,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9"}],"volume":"98","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b2ee4b08de9379b3296","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leclaire, Sarah","contributorId":46385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leclaire","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merkling, Thomas","contributorId":19453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merkling","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raynaud, C.","contributorId":46313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raynaud","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giacinti, Geraldine","contributorId":138561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giacinti","given":"Geraldine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bessiere, J.-M.","contributorId":107107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bessiere","given":"J.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Danchin, Etienne","contributorId":69034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danchin","given":"Etienne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70173524,"text":"70173524 - 2011 - Avian influenza shedding patterns in waterfowl: implications for surveillance, environmental transmission, and disease spread","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-15T16:50:51","indexId":"70173524","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian influenza shedding patterns in waterfowl: implications for surveillance, environmental transmission, and disease spread","docAbstract":"Despite the recognized importance of fecal/oral transmission of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) via contaminated wetlands, little is known about the length, quantity, or route of AI virus shed by wild waterfowl. We used published laboratory challenge studies to evaluate the length and quantity of low pathogenic (LP) and highly pathogenic (HP) virus shed via oral and cloacal routes by AI-infected ducks and geese, and how these factors might influence AI epidemiology and virus detection. We used survival analysis to estimate the duration of infection (from virus inoculation to the last day virus was shed) and nonlinear models to evaluate temporal patterns in virus shedding. We found higher mean virus titer and longer median infectious period for LPAI-infected ducks (10–11.5 days in oral and cloacal swabs) than HPAI-infected ducks (5 days) and geese (7.5 days). Based on the median bird infectious dose, we found that environmental contamination is two times higher for LPAI- than HPAI-infectious ducks, which implies that susceptible birds may have a higher probability of infection during LPAI than HPAI outbreaks. Less environmental contamination during the course of infection and previously documented shorter environmental persistence for HPAI than LPAI suggest that the environment is a less favorable reservoir for HPAI. The longer infectious period, higher virus titers, and subclinical infections with LPAI viruses favor the spread of these viruses by migratory birds in comparison to HPAI. Given the lack of detection of HPAI viruses through worldwide surveillance, we suggest monitoring for AI should aim at improving our understanding of AI dynamics (in particular, the role of the environment and immunity) using long-term comprehensive live bird, serologic, and environmental sampling at targeted areas. Our findings on LPAI and HPAI shedding patterns over time provide essential information to parameterize environmental transmission and virus spread in predictive epizootiologic models of disease risks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.566","usgsCitation":"Henaux, V., and Samuel, M.D., 2011, Avian influenza shedding patterns in waterfowl: implications for surveillance, environmental transmission, and disease spread: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 47, no. 3, p. 566-578, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.566.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"566","endPage":"578","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024605","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.566","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c2ee4b07657d19a69cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henaux, Viviane","contributorId":171388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henaux","given":"Viviane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24576,"text":"University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168587,"text":"70168587 - 2011 - Loading of the San Andreas fault by flood-induced rupture of faults beneath the Salton Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T14:15:31","indexId":"70168587","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loading of the San Andreas fault by flood-induced rupture of faults beneath the Salton Sea","docAbstract":"The southern San Andreas fault has not experienced a large earthquake for approximately 300 years, yet the previous five earthquakes occurred at ~180-year intervals. Large strike-slip faults are often segmented by lateral stepover zones. Movement on smaller faults within a stepover zone could perturb the main fault segments and potentially trigger a large earthquake. The southern San Andreas fault terminates in an extensional stepover zone beneath the Salton Sea—a lake that has experienced periodic flooding and desiccation since the late Holocene. Here we reconstruct the magnitude and timing of fault activity beneath the Salton Sea over several earthquake cycles. We observe coincident timing between flooding events, stepover fault displacement and ruptures on the San Andreas fault. Using Coulomb stress models, we show that the combined effect of lake loading, stepover fault movement and increased pore pressure could increase stress on the southern San Andreas fault to levels sufficient to induce failure. We conclude that rupture of the stepover faults, caused by periodic flooding of the palaeo-Salton Sea and by tectonic forcing, had the potential to trigger earthquake rupture on the southern San Andreas fault. Extensional stepover zones are highly susceptible to rapid stress loading and thus the Salton Sea may be a nucleation point for large ruptures on the southern San Andreas fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Pub. Group","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1184","usgsCitation":"Brothers, D.S., Kilb, D., Luttrell, K., Driscoll, N.W., and Kent, G., 2011, Loading of the San Andreas fault by flood-induced rupture of faults beneath the Salton Sea: Nature Geoscience, v. 4, p. 486-492, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1184.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"492","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024130","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 34\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cc3fefe4b059daa47e4632","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. 0000-0001-7702-157X dbrothers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-157X","contributorId":167089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel","email":"dbrothers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kilb, Debi","contributorId":90892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilb","given":"Debi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Luttrell, Karen","contributorId":92971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luttrell","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Driscoll, Neal W.","contributorId":140186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12888,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Kent, Graham","contributorId":7608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Graham","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70210766,"text":"70210766 - 2011 - A loess–paleosol record of climate and glacial history over the past two glacial–interglacial cycles (~ 150 ka), southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-25T14:51:21.062832","indexId":"70210766","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-23T13:51:04","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A loess–paleosol record of climate and glacial history over the past two glacial–interglacial cycles (~ 150 ka), southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Loess accumulated on a Bull Lake outwash terrace of Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 6 (MIS 6) age in southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming. The 9 m section displays eight intervals of loess deposition (Loess 1 to Loess 8, oldest), each followed by soil development. Our age-depth model is constrained by thermoluminescence, meteoric 10Be accumulation in soils, and cosmogenic 10Be surface exposure ages. We use particle size, geochemical, mineral-magnetic, and clay mineralogical data to interpret loess sources and pedogenesis. Deposition of MIS 6 loess was followed by a tripartite soil/thin loess complex (Soils 8, 7, and 6) apparently reflecting the large climatic oscillations of MIS 5. Soil 8 (MIS 5e) shows the strongest development. Loess 5 accumulated during a glacial interval (~ 76–69 ka; MIS 4) followed by soil development under conditions wetter and probably colder than present. Deposition of thick Loess 3 (~ 43–51 ka, MIS 3) was followed by soil development comparable with that observed in Soil 1. Loess 1 (MIS 2) accumulated during the Pinedale glaciation and was followed by development of Soil 1 under a semiarid climate. This record of alternating loess deposition and soil development is compatible with the history of Yellowstone vegetation and the glacial flour record from the Sierra Nevada.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2011.03.006","usgsCitation":"Pierce, K.L., Muhs, D., Fosberg, M.A., Mahan, S.A., Rosenbaum, J.G., Licciardi, J.M., and Pavich, M.J., 2011, A loess–paleosol record of climate and glacial history over the past two glacial–interglacial cycles (~ 150 ka), southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming: Quaternary Research, v. 76, no. 1, p. 119-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2011.03.006.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"141","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375827,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Jackson","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.96466064453125,\n 43.3351671567243\n ],\n [\n -110.64880371093749,\n 43.3351671567243\n ],\n [\n -110.64880371093749,\n 43.671844983221604\n ],\n [\n -110.96466064453125,\n 43.671844983221604\n ],\n [\n -110.96466064453125,\n 43.3351671567243\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierce, Kenneth L. kpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":1609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Kenneth","email":"kpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fosberg, Maynard A.","contributorId":19690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosberg","given":"Maynard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":791330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenbaum, Joseph G. jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","contributorId":1524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"Joseph","email":"jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":791332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Licciardi, Joseph M.","contributorId":9759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Licciardi","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12667,"text":"University of New Hampshire","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pavich, Milan J. mpavich@usgs.gov","contributorId":2348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"Milan","email":"mpavich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70004711,"text":"fs20113054 - 2011 - Characterizing contaminant concentrations with depth by using the USGS well profiler in Oklahoma, 2003-9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-30T17:16:17","indexId":"fs20113054","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-23T13:22:41","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3054","title":"Characterizing contaminant concentrations with depth by using the USGS well profiler in Oklahoma, 2003-9","docAbstract":"Since 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Oklahoma Water Science Center has been using the USGS well profiler to characterize changes in water contribution and contaminant concentrations with depth in pumping public-supply wells in selected aquifers. The tools and methods associated with the well profiler, which were first developed by the USGS California Water Science Center, have been used to investigate common problems such as saline water intrusion in high-yield irrigation wells and metals contamination in high-yield public-supply wells.\nThe USGS well profiler is a slim (less than 1 inch in diameter), high-pressure hose that can be raised and lowered between the production pipe and casing (or borehole) of a well by using a motorized hose reel. Use of this tool is considerably less expensive than use of standard methods of depth-dependent sampling, and the USGS well profiler generally requires less downtime of the well. In terms of data quality, the greatest advantage of the USGS well profiler is that all data collection is performed under production pumping rates.\nIn Oklahoma, the USGS well profiler has been modified and adapted for use in low-yield (150?350 gallons per minute) wells of various construction types common in Oklahoma. This tool has been used in selected public-supply wells in Hinton, Moore, and Norman to identify which producing zones are contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic. The tool and method also can be used to investigate other nonvolatile contaminants of interest, including uranium, radium, barium, boron, lead, selenium, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, and chromium.\nIn 2007, the USGS well profiler was used to investigate saline water intrusion in a deep public-supply well completed in the Ozark (Roubidoux) aquifer. In northeast Oklahoma, where the Ozark aquifer is known to be susceptible to contamination from mining activities, the well profiler also could be used to investigate sources (depths) of metals contamination and to identify routes of entry of metals to production wells.Water suppliers can consider well rehabilitation as a potential remediation strategy because of the ability to identify changes in contaminant concentrations with depth in individual wells with the USGS well profiler. Well rehabilitation methods, which are relatively inexpensive compared to drilling and completing new wells, involve modifying the construction or operation of a well to enhance the production of water from zones with lesser concentrations of a contaminant or to limit the production of water from zones with greater concentrations of a contaminant. One of the most effective well rehabilitation methods is zonal isolation, in which water from contaminated zones is excluded from production through installation of cement plugs or packers. By using relatively simple and inexpensive well rehabilitation methods, water suppliers may be able to decrease exposure of customers to contaminants and avoid costly installation of additional wells, conveyance infrastructure, and treatment technologies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113054","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.J., and Becker, C., 2011, Characterizing contaminant concentrations with depth by using the USGS well profiler in Oklahoma, 2003-9: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3054, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113054.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3054.jpg"},{"id":260022,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3054/pdf/FS2011-3054.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21930,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3054/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103,34 ], [ -103,37 ], [ -95,37 ], [ -95,34 ], [ -103,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4cf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, S. Jerrod 0000-0002-9379-8167 sjsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-8167","contributorId":981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"sjsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jerrod","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Becker, Carol 0000-0001-6652-4542 cjbecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-4542","contributorId":2489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Carol","email":"cjbecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004706,"text":"ofr20111101 - 2011 - Improved earthquake monitoring in the central and eastern United States in support of seismic assessments for critical facilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:59","indexId":"ofr20111101","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-22T21:50:05","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1101","title":"Improved earthquake monitoring in the central and eastern United States in support of seismic assessments for critical facilities","docAbstract":"Evaluation of seismic monitoring capabilities in the central and eastern United States for critical facilities - including nuclear powerplants - focused on specific improvements to understand better the seismic hazards in the region. The report is not an assessment of seismic safety at nuclear plants. To accomplish the evaluation and to provide suggestions for improvements using funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey examined addition of new strong-motion seismic stations in areas of seismic activity and addition of new seismic stations near nuclear power-plant locations, along with integration of data from the Transportable Array of some 400 mobile seismic stations. Some 38 and 68 stations, respectively, were suggested for addition in active seismic zones and near-power-plant locations. Expansion of databases for strong-motion and other earthquake source-characterization data also was evaluated. Recognizing pragmatic limitations of station deployment, augmentation of existing deployments provides improvements in source characterization by quantification of near-source attenuation in regions where larger earthquakes are expected. That augmentation also supports systematic data collection from existing networks. The report further utilizes the application of modeling procedures and processing algorithms, with the additional stations and the improved seismic databases, to leverage the capabilities of existing and expanded seismic arrays.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111101","usgsCitation":"Leith, W.S., Benz, H.M., and Herrmann, R.B., 2011, Improved earthquake monitoring in the central and eastern United States in support of seismic assessments for critical facilities: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1101, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111101.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1101.png"},{"id":21925,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1101/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100,26 ], [ -100,50 ], [ -64,50 ], [ -64,26 ], [ -100,26 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c2b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leith, William S. 0000-0002-3463-3119 wleith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-3119","contributorId":2248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leith","given":"William","email":"wleith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herrmann, Robert B. rherrmann@usgs.gov","contributorId":5609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrmann","given":"Robert","email":"rherrmann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004702,"text":"sir20115091 - 2011 - Estimation of annual suspended-sediment fluxes, 1931-95, and evaluation of geomorphic changes, 1950-2010, in the Arkansas River near Tulsa, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20115091","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-22T13:50:04","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5091","title":"Estimation of annual suspended-sediment fluxes, 1931-95, and evaluation of geomorphic changes, 1950-2010, in the Arkansas River near Tulsa, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"An understanding of fluvial sediment transport and changing channel morphology can assist planners in making responsible decisions with future riverine development or restoration projects. Sediment rating curves can serve as simple models and can provide predictive tools to estimate annual sediment fluxes. Sediment flux models can aid in the design of river projects by providing insight to past and potential future sediment fluxes. Historical U.S. Geological Survey suspended-sediment and discharge data were evaluated to estimate annual suspended-sediment fluxes for two stations on the Arkansas River located downstream from Keystone Dam in Tulsa County. Annual suspended-sediment fluxes were estimated from 1931-95 for the Arkansas River at Tulsa streamflow-gaging station (07164500) and from 1973-82 for the Arkansas River near Haskell streamflow-gaging station (07165570). The annual flow-weighted suspended-sediment concentration decreased from 1,970 milligrams per liter to 350 milligrams per liter after the completion of Keystone Dam at the Tulsa station. The streambed elevation at the Arkansas River at Tulsa station has changed less than 1 foot from 1970 to 2005, but the thalweg has shifted from a location near the right bank to a position near the left bank. There was little change in the position of most of the banks of the Arkansas River channel from 1950 to 2009. The most substantial change evident from visual inspection of aerial photographs was an apparent decrease in sediment storage in the form of mid-channel and meander bars. The Arkansas River channel between Keystone Dam and the Tulsa-Wagoner County line showed a narrowing and lengthening (increase in sinuosity) over the transition period 1950-77 followed by a steady widening and shortening of the river channel (decrease in sinuosity) during the post-dam (Keystone) periods 1977-85, 1985-2003, and 2003-10.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20115091","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Tulsa County","usgsCitation":"Lewis, J.M., Smith, S.J., Buck, S.D., and Strong, S.A., 2011, Estimation of annual suspended-sediment fluxes, 1931-95, and evaluation of geomorphic changes, 1950-2010, in the Arkansas River near Tulsa, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5091, v, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115091.","productDescription":"v, 21 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5091.png"},{"id":21919,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5091/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.55,35.583333333333336 ], [ -96.55,36.333333333333336 ], [ -95.16666666666667,36.333333333333336 ], [ -95.16666666666667,35.583333333333336 ], [ -96.55,35.583333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633d86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Jason M. 0000-0001-5337-1890 jmlewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1890","contributorId":3854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jason","email":"jmlewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, S. 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