{"pageNumber":"745","pageRowStart":"18600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46677,"records":[{"id":70036274,"text":"70036274 - 2010 - Active remote sensing of snow using NMM3D/DMRT and comparison with CLPX II airborne data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036274","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1942,"text":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Active remote sensing of snow using NMM3D/DMRT and comparison with CLPX II airborne data","docAbstract":"We applied the Numerical Maxwell Model of three-dimensional simulations (NMM3D) in the Dense Media Radiative Theory (DMRT) to calculate backscattering coefficients. The particles' positions are computer-generated and the subsequent Foldy-Lax equations solved numerically. The phase matrix in NMM3D has significant cross-polarization, particularly when the particles are densely packed. The NMM3D model is combined with DMRT in calculating the microwave scattering by dry snow. The NMM3D/DMRT equations are solved by an iterative solution up to the second order in the case of small to moderate optical thickness. The numerical results of NMM3D/DMRT are illustrated and compared with QCA/DMRT. The QCA/DMRT and NMM3D/DMRT results are also applied to compare with data from two specific datasets from the second Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX II) in Alaska and Colorado. The data are obtained at the Ku-band (13.95 GHz) observations using airborne imaging polarimetric scatterometer (POLSCAT). It is shown that the model predictions agree with the field measurements for both co-polarization and cross-polarization. For the Alaska region, the average snow depth and snow density are used as the inputs for DMRT. The grain size, selected from within the range of the ground measurements, is used as a best-fit parameter within the range. For the Colorado region, we use the Variable Infiltration Capacity Model (VIC) to obtain the input snow profiles for NMM3D/DMRT. ?? 2010 IEEE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2053919","usgsCitation":"Xu, X., Liang, D., Tsang, L., Andreadis, K., Josberger, E., Lettenmaier, D., Cline, D., and Yueh, S., 2010, Active remote sensing of snow using NMM3D/DMRT and comparison with CLPX II airborne data: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, v. 3, no. 4 PART 2, p. 689-697, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2053919.","startPage":"689","endPage":"697","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218136,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2053919"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4 PART 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6ace4b0c8380cd47598","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, X.","contributorId":55166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liang, D.","contributorId":66483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tsang, L.","contributorId":43950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andreadis, K.M.","contributorId":8294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreadis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Josberger, E.G.","contributorId":61161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lettenmaier, D.P.","contributorId":61175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lettenmaier","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cline, D.W.","contributorId":86919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cline","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yueh, S.H.","contributorId":88990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yueh","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70136060,"text":"70136060 - 2010 - Using ecological function to develop recovery criteria for depleted species: Sea otters and kelp forests in the Aleutian archipelago","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T16:41:00","indexId":"70136060","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using ecological function to develop recovery criteria for depleted species: Sea otters and kelp forests in the Aleutian archipelago","docAbstract":"Recovery criteria for depleted species or populations normally are based on demographic measures, the goal being to maintain enough individuals over a sufficiently large area to assure a socially tolerable risk of future extinction. Such demographically based recovery criteria may be insufficient to restore the functional roles of strongly interacting species. We explored the idea of developing a recovery criterion for sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in the Aleutian archipelago on the basis of their keystone role in kelp forest ecosystems. We surveyed sea otters and rocky reef habitats at 34 island-time combinations. The system nearly always existed in either a kelp-dominated or deforested phase state, which was predictable from sea otter density. We used a resampling analysis of these data to show that the phase state at any particular island can be determined at 95% probability of correct classification with information from as few as six sites. When sea otter population status (and thus the phase state of the kelp forest) was allowed to vary randomly among islands, just 15 islands had to be sampled to estimate the true proportion that were kelp dominated (within 10%) with 90% confidence. We conclude that kelp forest phase state is a more appropriate, sensitive, and cost-effective measure of sea otter recovery than the more traditional demographically based metrics, and we suggest that similar approaches have broad potential utility in establishing recovery criteria for depleted populations of other functionally important species.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01428.x","usgsCitation":"Estes, J.A., Tinker, M.T., and Bodkin, J.L., 2010, Using ecological function to develop recovery criteria for depleted species: Sea otters and kelp forests in the Aleutian archipelago: Conservation Biology, v. 24, no. 3, p. 852-860, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01428.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"852","endPage":"860","ipdsId":"IP-013815","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c7de4b08de9379b383e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036232,"text":"70036232 - 2010 - Habitat suitability and conservation of the Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) in the Sacramento Valley of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:33:46","indexId":"70036232","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat suitability and conservation of the Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) in the Sacramento Valley of California","docAbstract":"Resource managers often have little information regarding the habitat requirements and distribution of rare species. Factor analysis-based habitat suitability models describe the ecological niche of a species and identify locations where these conditions occur on the landscape using existing occurrence data. We used factor analyses to assess the suitability of habitats for Thamnophis gigas (Giant Gartersnake), a rare, threatened species endemic to the Central Valley of California, USA, and to map the locations of habitat suitable for T. gigas in the Sacramento Valley. Factor analyses indicated that the niche of T. gigas is composed of sites near rice agriculture with low stream densities. Sites with high canal densities and near wetlands also appeared suitable, but results for these variables were sensitive to potential sampling bias. In the Sacramento Valley, suitable habitats occur primarily in the central portion of the valley floor. Based upon the results of the factor analyses, recovery planning for T. gigas will require an on-the-ground assessment of the current distribution and abundance of T. gigas, maintaining the few remaining natural wetlands and the practice of rice agriculture in the Sacramento Valley, and studying the effects of agricultural practices and land use changes on populations of T. gigas. ?? 2010 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Copeia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1643/CE-09-199","issn":"00458511","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B., Wylie, G., and Casazza, M.L., 2010, Habitat suitability and conservation of the Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) in the Sacramento Valley of California: Copeia, no. 4, p. 591-599, https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-09-199.","startPage":"591","endPage":"599","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218427,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CE-09-199"}],"issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f2ce4b0c8380cd5cb5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halstead, B.J.","contributorId":42045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, G.D.","contributorId":68238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035550,"text":"70035550 - 2010 - Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035550","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3300,"text":"Risk Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species","docAbstract":"Ensemble species distribution models combine the strengths of several species environmental matching models, while minimizing the weakness of any one model. Ensemble models may be particularly useful in risk analysis of recently arrived, harmful invasive species because species may not yet have spread to all suitable habitats, leaving species-environment relationships difficult to determine. We tested five individual models (logistic regression, boosted regression trees, random forest, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), and maximum entropy model or Maxent) and ensemble modeling for selected nonnative plant species in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, Wyoming; Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California, and areas of interior Alaska. The models are based on field data provided by the park staffs, combined with topographic, climatic, and vegetation predictors derived from satellite data. For the four invasive plant species tested, ensemble models were the only models that ranked in the top three models for both field validation and test data. Ensemble models may be more robust than individual species-environment matching models for risk analysis. ?? 2010 Society for Risk Analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Risk Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x","issn":"02724332","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Ma, P., Kumar, S., Rocca, M., Morisette, J., Jarnevich, C., and Benson, N., 2010, Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species: Risk Analysis, v. 30, no. 2, p. 224-235, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x.","startPage":"224","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475842,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216505,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x"},{"id":244382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a097ee4b0c8380cd51f3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ma, P.","contributorId":53194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":89843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rocca, M.","contributorId":95300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocca","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morisette, J.T.","contributorId":57029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morisette","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jarnevich, C. S.","contributorId":54932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"C. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Benson, N.","contributorId":38238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70036453,"text":"70036453 - 2010 - The areal extent of brown shrimp habitat suitability in Mobile Bay, Alabama, USA: Targeting vegetated habitat restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036453","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The areal extent of brown shrimp habitat suitability in Mobile Bay, Alabama, USA: Targeting vegetated habitat restoration","docAbstract":"The availability of wetlands and shallow water habitats significantly influences Gulf of Mexico (GOM) penaeid shrimp fishery productivity. However, the GOM region has the highest rate of wetland loss in the USA. Protection and management of these vital GOM habitats are critical to sustainable shrimp fisheries. Brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus aztecus) are a major component of GOM fisheries. We present an approach for estimating the areal extent of suitable habitat for post-larval and juvenile brown shrimp in Mobile Bay, Alabama, using an existing habitat suitability index model for the northern GOM calculated from probabilistic survey of water quality and sediment data, land cover data, and submerged aquatic vegetation coverages. This estuarine scale approach is intended to support targeted protection and restoration of these habitats. These analyses indicate that approximately 60% of the area of Mobile Bay is categorized as suitable to near optimal for post-larval and juvenile shrimp and 38% of the area is marginally to minimally suitable. We identify potential units within Mobile Bay for targeted restoration to improve habitat suitability. ?? 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-009-1303-0","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Smith, L., Nestlerode, J., Harwell, L., and Bourgeois, P., 2010, The areal extent of brown shrimp habitat suitability in Mobile Bay, Alabama, USA: Targeting vegetated habitat restoration: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 171, no. 1-4, p. 611-620, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1303-0.","startPage":"611","endPage":"620","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218352,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1303-0"},{"id":246352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"171","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9d1e4b08c986b322525","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, L.M.","contributorId":82650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nestlerode, J.A.","contributorId":67738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nestlerode","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harwell, L.C.","contributorId":45162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harwell","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bourgeois, P.","contributorId":94498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bourgeois","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033799,"text":"70033799 - 2010 - A California statewide three-dimensional seismic velocity model from both absolute and differential times","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033799","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A California statewide three-dimensional seismic velocity model from both absolute and differential times","docAbstract":"We obtain a seismic velocity model of the California crust and uppermost mantle using a regional-scale double-difference tomography algorithm. We begin by using absolute arrival-time picks to solve for a coarse three-dimensional (3D) P velocity (V<sub>P</sub>) model with a uniform 30 km horizontal node spacing, which we then use as the starting model for a finer-scale inversion using double-difference tomography applied to absolute and differential pick times. For computational reasons, we split the state into 5 subregions with a grid spacing of 10 to 20 km and assemble our final statewide V<sub>P</sub> model by stitching together these local models. We also solve for a statewide S-wave model using S picks from both the Southern California Seismic Network and USArray, assuming a starting model based on the V<sub>P</sub> results and a V<sub>P</sub>=V<sub>S</sub> ratio of 1.732. Our new model has improved areal coverage compared with previous models, extending 570 km in the SW-NE directionand 1320 km in the NW-SE direction. It also extends to greater depth due to the inclusion of substantial data at large epicentral distances. Our V<sub>P</sub> model generally agrees with previous separate regional models for northern and southern California, but we also observe some new features, such as high-velocity anomalies at shallow depths in the Klamath Mountains and Mount Shasta area, somewhat slow velocities in the northern Coast Ranges, and slow anomalies beneath the Sierra Nevada at midcrustal and greater depths. This model can be applied to a variety of regional-scale studies in California, such as developing a unified statewide earthquake location catalog and performing regional waveform modeling.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120090028","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Lin, G., Thurber, C., Zhang, H., Hauksson, E., Shearer, P., Waldhauser, F., Brocher, T., and Hardebeck, J., 2010, A California statewide three-dimensional seismic velocity model from both absolute and differential times: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 100, no. 1, p. 225-240, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090028.","startPage":"225","endPage":"240","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476100,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100303-135921624","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214261,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090028"},{"id":241966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2cbe4b0c8380cd45c61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lin, G.","contributorId":108325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurber, C.H.","contributorId":28617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurber","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, H.","contributorId":50311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hauksson, E.","contributorId":10932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauksson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shearer, P.M.","contributorId":80456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearer","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Waldhauser, F.","contributorId":31897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldhauser","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hardebeck, J.","contributorId":99738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70034210,"text":"70034210 - 2010 - Prescribed fires as ecological surrogates for wildfires: A stream and riparian perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T16:00:36","indexId":"70034210","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prescribed fires as ecological surrogates for wildfires: A stream and riparian perspective","docAbstract":"Forest managers use prescribed fire to reduce wildfire risk and to provide resource benefits, yet little information is available on whether prescribed fires can function as ecological surrogates for wildfire in fire-prone landscapes. Information on impacts and benefits of this management tool on stream and riparian ecosystems is particularly lacking. We used a beyond-BACI (Before, After, Control, Impact) design to investigate the effects of a prescribed fire on a stream ecosystem and compared these findings to similar data collected after wildfire. For 3 years after prescribed fire treatment, we found no detectable changes in periphyton, macroinvertebrates, amphibians, fish, and riparian and stream habitats compared to data collected over the same time period in four unburned reference streams. Based on changes in fuels, plant and litter cover, and tree scorching, this prescribed fire was typical of those being implemented in ponderosa pine forests throughout the western U.S. However, we found that the extent and severity of riparian vegetation burned was substantially lower after prescribed fire compared to nearby wildfires. The early-season prescribed fire did not mimic the riparian or in-stream ecological effects observed following a nearby wildfire, even in catchments with burn extents similar to the prescribed fire. Little information exists on the effects of long-term fire exclusion from riparian forests, but a \"prescribed fire regime\" of repeatedly burning upland forests while excluding fire in adjacent riparian forests may eliminate an important natural disturbance from riparian and stream habitats.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2009.11.029","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Arkle, R., and Pilliod, D., 2010, Prescribed fires as ecological surrogates for wildfires: A stream and riparian perspective: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 259, no. 5, p. 893-903, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.11.029.","startPage":"893","endPage":"903","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216551,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.11.029"}],"volume":"259","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b34e4b0c8380cd7e1b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arkle, R.S.","contributorId":86997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arkle","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pilliod, D. S.","contributorId":45259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilliod","given":"D. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034217,"text":"70034217 - 2010 - Emplacement of the youngest flood lava on Mars: A short, turbulent story","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T08:28:15","indexId":"70034217","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Emplacement of the youngest flood lava on Mars: A short, turbulent story","docAbstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-mce-style=\"text-align: justify;\">Recently acquired data from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE), Context (CTX) imager, and Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft were used to investigate the emplacement of the youngest flood-lava flow on Mars. Careful mapping finds that the Athabasca Valles flood lava is the product of a single eruption, and it covers 250,000 km<sup>2</sup> of western Elysium Planitia with an estimated 5000-7500 km<sup>3</sup> of mafic or ultramafic lava. Calculations utilizing topographic data enhanced with MRO observations to refine the dimensions of the channel system show that this flood lava was emplaced turbulently over a period of only a few to several weeks. This is the first well-documented example of a turbulently emplaced flood lava anywhere in the Solar System. However, MRO data suggest that this same process may have operated in a number of martian channel systems. The magnitude and dynamics of these lava floods are similar to the aqueous floods that are generally believed to have eroded the channels, raising the intriguing possibility that mechanical erosion by lava could have played a role in their incision.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2009.09.011","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Jaeger, W.L., Keszthelyi, L., Skinner, J., Milazzo, M.P., McEwen, A.S., Titus, T.N., Rosiek, M.R., Galuszka, D.M., Howington-Kraus, E., Kirk, R.L., and the HiRISE TEam, 2010, Emplacement of the youngest flood lava on Mars: A short, turbulent story: Icarus, v. 205, no. 1, p. 230-243, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2009.09.011.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"230","endPage":"243","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science 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,{"id":70033885,"text":"70033885 - 2010 - In situ measurements of volatile aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T08:28:48","indexId":"70033885","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ measurements of volatile aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in groundwater","docAbstract":"Benzene and alkylbenzene biodegradation rates and patterns were measured using an in situ microcosm in a crude-oil contaminated aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota. Benzene-D6, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-, m- and p-xylenes and four pairs of C3- and C4-benzenes were added to an in situ microcosm and studied over a 3-year period. The microcosm allowed for a mass-balance approach and quantification of hydrocarbon biodegradation rates within a well-defined iron-reducing zone of the anoxic plume. Among the BTEX compounds, the apparent order of persistence is ethylbenzene > benzene > m,p-xylenes > o-xylene ≥ toluene. Threshold concentrations were observed for several compounds in the in situ microcosm, below which degradation was not observed, even after hundreds of days. In addition, long lag times were observed before the onset of degradation of benzene or ethylbenzene. The isomer-specific degradation patterns were compared to observations from a multi-year study conducted using data collected from monitoring wells along a flowpath in the contaminant plume. The data were fit with both first-order and Michaelis-Menten models. First-order kinetics provided a good fit for hydrocarbons with starting concentrations below 1 mg/L and Michaelis-Menten kinetics were a better fit when starting concentrations were above 1 mg/L, as was the case for benzene. The biodegradation rate data from this study were also compared to rates from other investigations reported in the literature.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.12.001","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Cozzarelli, I., Bekins, B., Eganhouse, R., Warren, E., and Essaid, H., 2010, In situ measurements of volatile aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in groundwater: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 111, no. 1-4, p. 48-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.12.001.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"64","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214151,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.12.001"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.94943,47.424564 ], [ -94.94943,47.5269 ], [ -94.799758,47.5269 ], [ -94.799758,47.424564 ], [ -94.94943,47.424564 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"111","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39a7e4b0c8380cd619c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bekins, B.A.","contributorId":98309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eganhouse, R.P.","contributorId":67555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eganhouse","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warren, E.","contributorId":15360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Essaid, H.I.","contributorId":22342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034550,"text":"70034550 - 2010 - A Bayesian approach to identifying structural nonlinearity using free-decay response: Application to damage detection in composites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70034550","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2461,"text":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Bayesian approach to identifying structural nonlinearity using free-decay response: Application to damage detection in composites","docAbstract":"This work discusses a Bayesian approach to approximating the distribution of parameters governing nonlinear structural systems. Specifically, we use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method for sampling the posterior parameter distributions thus producing both point and interval estimates for parameters. The method is first used to identify both linear and nonlinear parameters in a multiple degree-of-freedom structural systems using free-decay vibrations. The approach is then applied to the problem of identifying the location, size, and depth of delamination in a model composite beam. The influence of additive Gaussian noise on the response data is explored with respect to the quality of the resulting parameter estimates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2010.02.004","issn":"0022460X","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Link, W., Murphy, K., and Olson, C., 2010, A Bayesian approach to identifying structural nonlinearity using free-decay response: Application to damage detection in composites: Journal of Sound and Vibration, v. 329, no. 15, p. 2995-3007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2010.02.004.","startPage":"2995","endPage":"3007","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215860,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2010.02.004"},{"id":243692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"329","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2c8e4b0c8380cd45c4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.M.","contributorId":18080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, K.D.","contributorId":50004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olson, C.C.","contributorId":50374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033802,"text":"70033802 - 2010 - On the application of multilevel modeling in environmental and ecological studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T14:43:12","indexId":"70033802","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the application of multilevel modeling in environmental and ecological studies","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper illustrates the advantages of a multilevel/hierarchical approach for predictive modeling, including flexibility of model formulation, explicitly accounting for hierarchical structure in the data, and the ability to predict the outcome of new cases. As a generalization of the classical approach, the multilevel modeling approach explicitly models the hierarchical structure in the data by considering both the within- and between-group variances leading to a partial pooling of data across all levels in the hierarchy. The modeling framework provides means for incorporating variables at different spatiotemporal scales. The examples used in this paper illustrate the iterative process of model fitting and evaluation, a process that can lead to improved understanding of the system being studied.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-1043.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Qian, S.S., Cuffney, T.F., Alameddine, I., McMahon, G., and Reckhow, K.H., 2010, On the application of multilevel modeling in environmental and ecological studies: Ecology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 355-361, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1043.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"361","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-011765","costCenters":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476105,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1043.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214293,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-1043.1"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6db6e4b0c8380cd752a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qian, Song S.","contributorId":198934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qian","given":"Song","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alameddine, Ibrahim","contributorId":22459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alameddine","given":"Ibrahim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reckhow, Kenneth H.","contributorId":141208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reckhow","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70190465,"text":"70190465 - 2010 - The age of the Steens reversal and the Columbia River Basalt Group","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T15:48:25","indexId":"70190465","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The age of the Steens reversal and the Columbia River Basalt Group","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) eruptions have a well-defined relative magnetostratigraphy but have not been definitively correlated to the geomagnetic polarity time scale.&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar ages are presented from lavas erupted in the<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>R</i><sub>0</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>through<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>N</i><sub>1</sub><span>magnetozones of the CRBG and in the transition between<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>R</i><sub>0</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>N</i><sub>0</sub><span>. Four ages from transitionally magnetized lava flows at Steens Mountain, Catlow Peak, and Poker Jim Ridge with a weighted mean age 16.58</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.10</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma</span><a class=\"workspace-trigger\" name=\"bfn1\" href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009254110001221?via%3Dihub#fn1\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009254110001221?via%3Dihub#fn1\"><sup>1</sup></a><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and the more precise age 16.654</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.025</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma of the normally magnetized Oregon Canyon tuff at the top of the Catlow Peak section show that the oldest CRBG magnetozone (</span><i>R</i><sub>0</sub><span>) correlates with the C5Cr chron. Bayesian statistical analysis applied to data from four flows at Catlow Peak (using the mean age of the Steens reversal) gives a best and preferred age of the Steens reversal of 16.73</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>+</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.13/−0.08</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma (95% confidence). Depending on the geomagnetic polarity time scale model, the eruption rate from<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>N</i><sub>0</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>through<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>R</i><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(0.34–0.45</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma in the middle and the bulk of the CRBG emplacement) averaged 0.30–0.41</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km</span><sup>3</sup><span>/a and peaked at a rate 1 1/2 to 4 1/2 times higher during<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>R</i><sub>2.</sub></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.04.001","usgsCitation":"Jarboe, N.A., Coe, R.S., Renne, P., and Glen, J.M., 2010, The age of the Steens reversal and the Columbia River Basalt Group: Chemical Geology, v. 274, no. 3-4, p. 158-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.04.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"168","ipdsId":"IP-021994","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"274","issue":"3-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a92041e4b07e1a023ccdac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarboe, Nicholas A.","contributorId":196084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarboe","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, Robert S.","contributorId":20477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Renne, Paul R.","contributorId":47680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renne","given":"Paul R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M. G. jglen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan","email":"jglen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M. G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189022,"text":"70189022 - 2010 - Using airborne geophysical surveys to improve groundwater resource management models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T14:37:17","indexId":"70189022","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using airborne geophysical surveys to improve groundwater resource management models","docAbstract":"<p><span>Increasingly, groundwater management requires more accurate hydrogeologic frameworks for groundwater models. These complex issues have created the demand for innovative approaches to data collection. In complicated terrains, groundwater modelers benefit from continuous high‐resolution geologic maps and their related hydrogeologic‐parameter estimates. The USGS and its partners have collaborated to use airborne geophysical surveys for near‐continuous coverage of areas of the North Platte River valley in western Nebraska. The survey objectives were to map the aquifers and bedrock topography of the area to help improve the understanding of groundwater‐surface‐water relationships, leading to improved water management decisions. Frequency‐domain heliborne electromagnetic surveys were completed, using a unique survey design to collect resistivity data that can be related to lithologic information to refine groundwater model inputs. To render the geophysical data useful to multidimensional groundwater models, numerical inversion is necessary to convert the measured data into a depth‐dependent subsurface resistivity model. This inverted model, in conjunction with sensitivity analysis, geological ground truth (boreholes and surface geology maps), and geological interpretation, is used to characterize hydrogeologic features. Interpreted two‐ and three‐dimensional data coverage provides the groundwater modeler with a high‐resolution hydrogeologic framework and a quantitative estimate of framework uncertainty. This method of creating hydrogeologic frameworks improved the understanding of flow path orientation by redefining the location of the paleochannels and associated bedrock highs. The improved models reflect actual hydrogeology at a level of accuracy not achievable using previous data sets.</span><br></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2010","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.4133/1.3445449","usgsCitation":"Abraham, J., Cannia, J.C., Peterson, S.M., Smith, B.D., Minsley, B.J., and Bedrosian, P.A., 2010, Using airborne geophysical surveys to improve groundwater resource management models, <i>in</i> Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2010, p. 309-314, https://doi.org/10.4133/1.3445449.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"314","ipdsId":"IP-019253","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343151,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c9e4b0d1f9f0506804","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abraham, Jared D.","contributorId":42630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"Jared D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannia, James C.","contributorId":94356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Steven M. 0000-0002-9130-1284 speterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-1284","contributorId":847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Steven","email":"speterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Bruce D. 0000-0002-1643-2997 bsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-2997","contributorId":845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bruce","email":"bsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70193249,"text":"70193249 - 2010 - Migratory urge and gll Na+,K+-ATPase activity of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts from the Dennys and Penobscot River stocks, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T14:54:59","indexId":"70193249","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migratory urge and gll Na+,K+-ATPase activity of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts from the Dennys and Penobscot River stocks, Maine","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Salmo salar</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>smolts produced from captive-reared Dennys River and sea-run Penobscot River broodstock are released into their source rivers in Maine. The adult return rate of Dennys smolts is comparatively low, and disparity in smolt quality between stocks resulting from genetic or broodstock rearing effects is plausible. Smolt behavior and physiology were assessed during sequential 14-d trials conducted in seminatural annular tanks with circular flow. “Migratory urge” (downstream movement) was monitored remotely using passive integrated transponder tags, and gill Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>,K</span><sup>+</sup><span>-ATPase activity was measured at the beginning and end of the trials to provide an index of smolt development. The migratory urge of both stocks was low in early April, increased 20-fold through late May, and declined by the end of June. The frequency and seasonal distribution of downstream movement were independent of stock. In March and April, initial gill Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>,K</span><sup>+</sup><span>-ATPase activities of Penobscot River smolts were lower than those of Dennys River smolts. For these trials, however, Penobscot River smolts increased enzyme activity after exposure to the tank, whereas Dennys River smolts did not, resulting in similar activities between stocks at the end of all trials. There was no clear relationship between migratory urge and gill Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>,K</span><sup>+</sup><span>-ATPase activity. Gill Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>,K</span><sup>+</sup><span>-ATPase activity of both stocks increased in advance of migratory urge and then declined while migratory urge was increasing. Maximum movement was observed from 2 h after sunset through 1 h after sunrise but varied seasonally. Dennys River smolts were slightly more nocturnal than Penobscot River smolts. These data suggest that Dennys and Penobscot River stocks are not markedly different in either physiological or behavioral expression of smolting.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T09-063.1","usgsCitation":"Spencer, R.C., Zydlewski, J.D., and Zydlewski, G., 2010, Migratory urge and gll Na+,K+-ATPase activity of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts from the Dennys and Penobscot River stocks, Maine: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 139, no. 4, p. 947-956, https://doi.org/10.1577/T09-063.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"947","endPage":"956","ipdsId":"IP-012456","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","volume":"139","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610acfe4b06e28e9c256f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, Randall C.","contributorId":200424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spencer","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Gayle B.","contributorId":139211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Gayle B.","affiliations":[{"id":12606,"text":"University of Maine, Dept of Plant, Soil, & Envir Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":722269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034104,"text":"70034104 - 2010 - The role of effective discharge in the ocean delivery of particulate organic carbon by small, mountainous river systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T17:11:46.339","indexId":"70034104","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of effective discharge in the ocean delivery of particulate organic carbon by small, mountainous river systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent research has shown that small, mountainous river systems (SMRS) account for a significant fraction of the global flux of sediment and particulate organic carbon (POC) to the ocean. The enormous number of SMRS precludes intensive studies of the sort conducted on large systems, necessitating development of a conceptual framework that permits cross‐system comparison and scaling up. Herein, we introduce the geomorphic concept of&nbsp;</span><i>effective discharge</i><span>&nbsp;to the problem of source‐to‐sink POC transport. This idea recognizes that transport effectiveness is the product of discharge frequency and magnitude, wherein the latter is quantified as a power‐law relationship between discharge and load (the ‚rating curve’). An analytical solution for effective discharge (</span><i>Q<sub>e</sub></i><span>) identifies two key variables: the standard deviation of the natural logarithm of discharge (Σ</span><i>q</i><span>), and the rating exponent of constituent&nbsp;</span><i>i</i><span>&nbsp;(</span><i>b<sub>i</sub></i><span>). Data from selected SMRS are used to show that for a given river&nbsp;</span><i>Q<sub>e</sub></i><span>‐POC ,&nbsp;</span><i>Q<sub>e</sub></i><span>‐sediment,&nbsp;</span><i>Q<sub>e</sub></i><span>&nbsp;for different POC constituents (e.g., POC</span><sub>fossil</sub><span>&nbsp;vs. POC</span><sub>modern</sub><span>) differs in predictable ways, and&nbsp;</span><i>Q<sub>e</sub></i><span>&nbsp;for a particular constituent can vary seasonally. When coupled with the idea that discharge peaks of small rivers may be coincident with specific oceanic conditions (e.g., large waves, wind from a certain direction) that determine dispersal and burial, these findings have potentially important implications for POC fate on continental margins. Future studies of POC transport in SMRS should exploit the conceptual framework provided herein and seek to identify how constituent‐specific effective discharges vary between rivers and respond to perturbations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lo.2010.55.1.0161","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Wheatcroft, R.A., Goni, M., Hatten, J., Pasternack, G., and Warrick, J., 2010, The role of effective discharge in the ocean delivery of particulate organic carbon by small, mountainous river systems: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 55, no. 1, p. 161-171, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2010.55.1.0161.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"171","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2010.55.1.0161","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf69e4b08c986b32478e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheatcroft, R. A.","contributorId":76503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wheatcroft","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goni, M.A.","contributorId":32347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goni","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatten, J.A.","contributorId":101493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatten","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pasternack, G.B.","contributorId":70566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pasternack","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046763,"text":"dds49126 - 2010 - Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: STATSGO Soil Characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T16:06:02","indexId":"dds49126","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"491-26","title":"Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: STATSGO Soil Characteristics","docAbstract":"This tabular data set represents estimated soil variables compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The variables included are cation exchange capacity, percent calcium carbonate, slope, water-table depth, soil thickness, hydrologic soil group, soil erodibility (k-factor), permeability, average water capacity, bulk density, percent organic material, percent clay, percent sand, and percent silt. The source data set is the State Soil ( STATSGO ) Geographic Database (Wolock, 1997). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the Rio Grande, Colorado, and the Great basin (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river basins, and California (MRB8).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dds49126","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, M., and LaMotte, A.E., 2010, Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: STATSGO Soil Characteristics: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 491-26, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dds49126.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274427,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mrb_e2rf1_statsgo.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.910792,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,23.243486 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d3f663e4b09630fbdc527d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036509,"text":"70036509 - 2010 - Sampling in ecology and evolution - bridging the gap between theory and practice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70036509","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sampling in ecology and evolution - bridging the gap between theory and practice","docAbstract":"Sampling is a key issue for answering most ecological and evolutionary questions. The importance of developing a rigorous sampling design tailored to specific questions has already been discussed in the ecological and sampling literature and has provided useful tools and recommendations to sample and analyse ecological data. However, sampling issues are often difficult to overcome in ecological studies due to apparent inconsistencies between theory and practice, often leading to the implementation of simplified sampling designs that suffer from unknown biases. Moreover, we believe that classical sampling principles which are based on estimation of means and variances are insufficient to fully address many ecological questions that rely on estimating relationships between a response and a set of predictor variables over time and space. Our objective is thus to highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate sampling space and an appropriate sampling design. We also emphasize the importance of using prior knowledge of the study system to estimate models or complex parameters and thus better understand ecological patterns and processes generating these patterns. Using a semi-virtual simulation study as an illustration we reveal how the selection of the space (e.g. geographic, climatic), in which the sampling is designed, influences the patterns that can be ultimately detected. We also demonstrate the inefficiency of common sampling designs to reveal response curves between ecological variables and climatic gradients. Further, we show that response-surface methodology, which has rarely been used in ecology, is much more efficient than more traditional methods. Finally, we discuss the use of prior knowledge, simulation studies and model-based designs in defining appropriate sampling designs. We conclude by a call for development of methods to unbiasedly estimate nonlinear ecologically relevant parameters, in order to make inferences while fulfilling requirements of both sampling theory and field work logistics. ?? 2010 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06421.x","issn":"09067590","usgsCitation":"Albert, C., Yoccoz, N.G., Edwards, T., Graham, C., Zimmermann, N., and Thuiller, W., 2010, Sampling in ecology and evolution - bridging the gap between theory and practice: Ecography, v. 33, no. 6, p. 1028-1037, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06421.x.","startPage":"1028","endPage":"1037","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218236,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06421.x"},{"id":246228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ab084e4b0c8380cd87b4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albert, C.H.","contributorId":50765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albert","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yoccoz, Nigel G.","contributorId":61537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoccoz","given":"Nigel","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":33046,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":456479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, T.C.","contributorId":72163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, C.H.","contributorId":86611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmermann, N.E.","contributorId":24547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmermann","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thuiller, W.","contributorId":73034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thuiller","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036367,"text":"70036367 - 2010 - Recruitment of burbot (Lota lota L.) in Lake Erie: An empirical modelling approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036367","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recruitment of burbot (Lota lota L.) in Lake Erie: An empirical modelling approach","docAbstract":"World-wide, many burbot Lota lota (L.) populations have been extirpated or are otherwise in need of conservation measures. By contrast, burbot made a dramatic recovery in Lake Erie during 1993-2001 but declined during 2002-2007, due in part to a sharp decrease in recruitment. We used Akaike's Information Criterion to evaluate 129 linear regression models that included all combinations of one to seven ecological indices as predictors of burbot recruitment. Two models were substantially supported by the data: (i) the number of days in which water temperatures were within optimal ranges for burbot spawning and development combined with biomass of yearling and older (YAO) yellow perch Perca flavescens (Mitchill); and (ii) biomass of YAO yellow perch. Warmer winter water temperatures and increases in yellow perch biomass were associated with decreases in burbot recruitment. Continued warm winter water temperatures could result in declines in burbot recruitment, particularly in the southern part of the species' range. Published 2010. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00414.x","issn":"09066691","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M., Witzel, L., and Cook, A., 2010, Recruitment of burbot (Lota lota L.) in Lake Erie: An empirical modelling approach: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 19, no. 3, p. 326-337, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00414.x.","startPage":"326","endPage":"337","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218526,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00414.x"},{"id":246546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a355e4b0e8fec6cdb828","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, M.A.","contributorId":65437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witzel, L.D.","contributorId":70324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witzel","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, A.","contributorId":88174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036423,"text":"70036423 - 2010 - Assessment of extreme quantitative precipitation forecasts and development of regional extreme event thresholds using data from HMT-2006 and COOP observers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036423","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of extreme quantitative precipitation forecasts and development of regional extreme event thresholds using data from HMT-2006 and COOP observers","docAbstract":"Extreme precipitation events, and the quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) associated with them, are examined. The study uses data from the Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT), which conducted its first field study in California during the 2005/06 cool season. National Weather Service River Forecast Center (NWS RFC) gridded QPFs for 24-h periods at 24-h (day 1), 48-h (day 2), and 72-h (day 3) forecast lead times plus 24-h quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) fromsites in California (CA) and Oregon-Washington (OR-WA) are used. During the 172-day period studied, some sites received more than 254 cm (100 in.) of precipitation. The winter season produced many extreme precipitation events, including 90 instances when a site received more than 7.6 cm (3.0 in.) of precipitation in 24 h (i.e., an \"event\") and 17 events that exceeded 12.7 cm (24 h)-1 [5.0 in. (24 h)-1]. For the 90 extreme events f.7.6 cm (24 h)-1 [3.0 in. (24 h)-1]g, almost 90% of all the 270 QPFs (days 1-3) were biased low, increasingly so with greater lead time. Of the 17 observed events exceeding 12.7 cm (24 h)-1 [5.0 in. (24 h)-1], only 1 of those events was predicted to be that extreme. Almost all of the extreme events correlated with the presence of atmospheric river conditions. Total seasonal QPF biases for all events fi.e., $0.025 cm (24 h)-1 [0.01 in. (24 h)-1]g were sensitive to local geography and were generally biased low in the California-Nevada River Forecast Center (CNRFC) region and high in the Northwest River Forecast Center(NWRFC) domain. The low bias in CA QPFs improved with shorter forecast lead time and worsened for extreme events. Differences were also noted between the CNRFC and NWRFC in terms of QPF and the frequency of extreme events. A key finding from this study is that there were more precipitation events .7.6 cm (24 h)-1 [3.0 in. (24 h)21] in CA than in OR-WA. Examination of 422 Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) sites in the NWRFC domain and 400 in the CNRFC domain found that the thresholds for the top 1% and top 0.1%of precipitation events were 7.6 cm (24 h)21 [3.0 in. (24 h)-1] and 14.2 cm (24 h)-1 [5.6 in. (24 h)-1] or greater for the CNRFC and only 5.1 cm (24 h)-1 [2.0 in. (24 h)-1] and 9.4 cm (24 h)-1 [3.7 in. (24 h)-1] for the NWRFC, respectively. Similar analyses for all NWS RFCs showed that the threshold for the top 1% of events varies from;3.8 cm (24 h)-1 [1.5 in. (24 h)-1] in the Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) to~5.1 cm (24 h)-1 [3.0 in. (24 h)-1] in the northern tier of RFCs and;7.6 cm (24 h)-1 [3.0 in. (24 h)-1] in both the southern tier and the CNRFC. It is recommended that NWS QPF performance in the future be assessed for extreme events using these thresholds. ?? 2010 American Meteorological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/2010JHM1232.1","issn":"1525755X","usgsCitation":"Ralph, F., Sukovich, E., Reynolds, D., Dettinger, M., Weagle, S., Clark, W., and Neiman, P., 2010, Assessment of extreme quantitative precipitation forecasts and development of regional extreme event thresholds using data from HMT-2006 and COOP observers: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 11, no. 6, p. 1286-1304, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1232.1.","startPage":"1286","endPage":"1304","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475889,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2010jhm1232.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218377,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1232.1"},{"id":246379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee2fe4b0c8380cd49bf1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ralph, F.M.","contributorId":39174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sukovich, E.","contributorId":25395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sukovich","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reynolds, D.","contributorId":76149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, M. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":78909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weagle, S.","contributorId":74616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weagle","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clark, W.","contributorId":102315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Neiman, P.J.","contributorId":14991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neiman","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70036420,"text":"70036420 - 2010 - Uses and biases of volunteer water quality data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036420","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uses and biases of volunteer water quality data","docAbstract":"State water quality monitoring has been augmented by volunteer monitoring programs throughout the United States. Although a significant effort has been put forth by volunteers, questions remain as to whether volunteer data are accurate and can be used by regulators. In this study, typical volunteer water quality measurements from laboratory and environmental samples in Iowa were analyzed for error and bias. Volunteer measurements of nitrate+nitrite were significantly lower (about 2-fold) than concentrations determined via standard methods in both laboratory-prepared and environmental samples. Total reactive phosphorus concentrations analyzed by volunteers were similar to measurements determined via standard methods in laboratory-prepared samples and environmental samples, but were statistically lower than the actual concentration in four of the five laboratory-prepared samples. Volunteer water quality measurements were successful in identifying and classifying most of the waters which violate United States Environmental Protection Agency recommended water quality criteria for total nitrogen (66%) and for total phosphorus (52%) with the accuracy improving when accounting for error and biases in the volunteer data. An understanding of the error and bias in volunteer water quality measurements can allow regulators to incorporate volunteer water quality data into total maximum daily load planning or state water quality reporting. ?? 2010 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es100164c","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Loperfido, J., Beyer, P., Just, C., and Schnoor, J., 2010, Uses and biases of volunteer water quality data: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 19, p. 7193-7199, https://doi.org/10.1021/es100164c.","startPage":"7193","endPage":"7199","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218349,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es100164c"},{"id":246349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc003e4b08c986b329e9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loperfido, J.V.","contributorId":90970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loperfido","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beyer, P.","contributorId":71815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Just, C.L.","contributorId":94899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Just","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schnoor, J. L.","contributorId":92095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoor","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046121,"text":"70046121 - 2010 - National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tree Canopy Layer Tile 4, Southeast United States: CNPY01_4","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T10:16:58","indexId":"70046121","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tree Canopy Layer Tile 4, Southeast United States: CNPY01_4","docAbstract":"This 30-meter resolution data set represents the tree canopy layer for the conterminous United States for the 2001 time period. The data have been arranged into four tiles to facilitate timely display and manipulation within a Geographic Information System, browse graphic: nlcd01-partition.jpg The National Land Cover Data Set for 2001 was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of Federal agencies (www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate National Land Cover Database (NLCD) circa 2001 for the United States at medium spatial resolution. For a detailed definition and discussion on MRLC and the NLCD 2001 products, refer to Homer and others (2004) and http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp. The NLCD 2001 was created by partitioning the United States into mapping-zones. A total of 68 mapping-zones browse graphic: nlcd01-mappingzones.jpg were delineated within the conterminous United States based on ecoregion and geographical characteristics, edge-matching features, and the size requirement of Landsat mosaics. Mapping-zones encompass the whole or parts of several states. Questions about the NLCD mapping zones can be directed to the NLCD 2001 Land Cover Mapping Team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046121","usgsCitation":"LaMotte, A.E., and Wieczorek, M., 2010, National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tree Canopy Layer Tile 4, Southeast United States: CNPY01_4, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046121.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":272860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272858,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/cnpy01_4.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.182478,22.983872 ], [ -98.182478,39.892971 ], [ -69.947056,39.892971 ], [ -69.947056,22.983872 ], [ -98.182478,22.983872 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a5d1ede4b0605bc571eff0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037051,"text":"70037051 - 2010 - Uncovering a latent multinomial: Analysis of mark-recapture data with misidentification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037051","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncovering a latent multinomial: Analysis of mark-recapture data with misidentification","docAbstract":"Natural tags based on DNA fingerprints or natural features of animals are now becoming very widely used in wildlife population biology. However, classic capture-recapture models do not allow for misidentification of animals which is a potentially very serious problem with natural tags. Statistical analysis of misidentification processes is extremely difficult using traditional likelihood methods but is easily handled using Bayesian methods. We present a general framework for Bayesian analysis of categorical data arising from a latent multinomial distribution. Although our work is motivated by a specific model for misidentification in closed population capture-recapture analyses, with crucial assumptions which may not always be appropriate, the methods we develop extend naturally to a variety of other models with similar structure. Suppose that observed frequencies f are a known linear transformation f = A???x of a latent multinomial variable x with cell probability vector ?? = ??(??). Given that full conditional distributions [?? | x] can be sampled, implementation of Gibbs sampling requires only that we can sample from the full conditional distribution [x | f, ??], which is made possible by knowledge of the null space of A???. We illustrate the approach using two data sets with individual misidentification, one simulated, the other summarizing recapture data for salamanders based on natural marks. ?? 2009, The International Biometric Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biometrics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1541-0420.2009.01244.x","issn":"0006341X","usgsCitation":"Link, W., Yoshizaki, J., Bailey, L., and Pollock, K.H., 2010, Uncovering a latent multinomial: Analysis of mark-recapture data with misidentification: Biometrics, v. 66, no. 1, p. 178-185, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2009.01244.x.","startPage":"178","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475979,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2009.01244.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217074,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2009.01244.x"},{"id":244986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc31e4b08c986b328ac5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yoshizaki, J.","contributorId":79596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoshizaki","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036544,"text":"70036544 - 2010 - Molecular investigations into a globally important carbon pool: Permafrost-protected carbon in Alaskan soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036544","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular investigations into a globally important carbon pool: Permafrost-protected carbon in Alaskan soils","docAbstract":"The fate of carbon (C) contained within permafrost in boreal forest environments is an important consideration for the current and future carbon cycle as soils warm in northern latitudes. Currently, little is known about the microbiology or chemistry of permafrost soils that may affect its decomposition once soils thaw. We tested the hypothesis that low microbial abundances and activities in permafrost soils limit decomposition rates compared with active layer soils. We examined active layer and permafrost soils near Fairbanks, AK, the Yukon River, and the Arctic Circle. Soils were incubated in the lab under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Gas fluxes at -5 and 5 ??C were measured to calculate temperature response quotients (Q10). The Q10 was lower in permafrost soils (average 2.7) compared with active layer soils (average 7.5). Soil nutrients, leachable dissolved organic C (DOC) quality and quantity, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the soils revealed that the organic matter within permafrost soils is as labile, or even more so, than surface soils. Microbial abundances (fungi, bacteria, and subgroups: methanogens and Basidiomycetes) and exoenzyme activities involved in decomposition were lower in permafrost soils compared with active layer soils, which, together with the chemical data, supports the reduced Q10 values. CH4 fluxes were correlated with methanogen abundance and the highest CH4 production came from active layer soils. These results suggest that permafrost soils have high inherent decomposability, but low microbial abundances and activities reduce the temperature sensitivity of C fluxes. Despite these inherent limitations, however, respiration per unit soil C was higher in permafrost soils compared with active layer soils, suggesting that decomposition and heterotrophic respiration may contribute to a positive feedback to warming of this eco region. Published 2010. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02141.x","issn":"13541013","usgsCitation":"Waldrop, M., Wickland, K., White, R., Berhe, A., Harden, J., and Romanovsky, V., 2010, Molecular investigations into a globally important carbon pool: Permafrost-protected carbon in Alaskan soils: Global Change Biology, v. 16, no. 9, p. 2543-2554, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02141.x.","startPage":"2543","endPage":"2554","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217584,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02141.x"},{"id":245537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d06e4b0c8380cd700f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wickland, K.P. 0000-0002-6400-0590","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":10786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Rickie","contributorId":100921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Rickie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berhe, A.A.","contributorId":23365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berhe","given":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Romanovsky, V.E.","contributorId":54721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70046631,"text":"ds587A - 2010 - National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Imperviousness Layer Tile 1, Northwest United States: IMPV01_1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-17T15:25:24","indexId":"ds587A","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"587","chapter":"A","title":"National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Imperviousness Layer Tile 1, Northwest United States: IMPV01_1","docAbstract":"This 30-meter resolution data set represents the imperviousness layer for the conterminous United States for the 2001 time period. The data have been arranged into four tiles to facilitate timely display and manipulation within a Geographic Information System, browse graphic: nlcd01-partition. The National Land Cover Data Set for 2001 was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of Federal agencies (www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate National Land Cover Database (NLCD) circa 2001 for the United States at medium spatial resolution. For a detailed definition and discussion on MRLC and the NLCD 2001 products, refer to Homer and others (2004) and http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp.. The NLCD 2001 was created by partitioning the United States into mapping-zones. A total of 68 mapping-zones browse graphic: nlcd01-mappingzones.jpg were delineated within the conterminous United States based on ecoregion and geographical characteristics, edge-matching features, and the size requirement of Landsat mosaics. Mapping-zones encompass the whole or parts of several states. Questions about the NLCD mapping zones can be directed to the NLCD 2001 Land Cover Mapping Team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds587A","usgsCitation":"LaMotte, A.E., and Wieczorek, M., 2010, National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Imperviousness Layer Tile 1, Northwest United States: IMPV01_1 (Version 1): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 587, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds587A.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273856,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/impv01_1.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -128.307900,36.820901 ], [ -128.307900,51.834455 ], [ -98.182478,51.834455 ], [ -98.182478,36.820901 ], [ -128.307900,36.820901 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c02ff2e4b0ee1529ed3d20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036368,"text":"70036368 - 2010 - Quantifying potential tsunami hazard in the Puysegur subduction zone, south of New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036368","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying potential tsunami hazard in the Puysegur subduction zone, south of New Zealand","docAbstract":"Studies of subduction zone seismogenesis and tsunami potential, particularly of large subduction zones, have recently seen a resurgence after the great 2004 earthquake and tsunami offshore of Sumatra, yet these global studies have generally neglected the tsunami potential of small subduction zones such as the Puysegur subduction zone, south of New Zealand. Here, we study one such relatively small subduction zone by analysing the historical seismicity over the entire plate boundary region south of New Zealand, using these data to determine the seismic moment deficit of the subduction zone over the past ~100 yr. Our calculations indicate unreleased moment equivalent to a magnitude Mw 8.3 earthquake, suggesting this subduction zone has the potential to host a great, tsunamigenic event. We model this tsunami hazard and find that a tsunami caused by a great earthquake on the Puysegur subduction zone would pose threats to the coasts of southern and western South Island, New Zealand, Tasmania and southeastern Australia, nearly 2000 km distant. No claim to original US government works Geophysical Journal International ?? 2010 RAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04808.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Hayes, G., and Furlong, K., 2010, Quantifying potential tsunami hazard in the Puysegur subduction zone, south of New Zealand: Geophysical Journal International, v. 183, no. 3, p. 1512-1524, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04808.x.","startPage":"1512","endPage":"1524","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475820,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2010.04808.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218527,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04808.x"},{"id":246547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"183","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91d6e4b0c8380cd804be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, G.P.","contributorId":75764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Furlong, K.P.","contributorId":35490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}