{"pageNumber":"752","pageRowStart":"18775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46882,"records":[{"id":70037052,"text":"70037052 - 2010 - Reactive transport modeling to study changes in water chemistry induced by CO<sub>2</sub> injection at the Frio-I Brine Pilot","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037052","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reactive transport modeling to study changes in water chemistry induced by CO<sub>2</sub> injection at the Frio-I Brine Pilot","docAbstract":"To demonstrate the potential for geologic storage of CO<sub>2</sub> in saline aquifers, the Frio-I Brine Pilot was conducted, during which 1600 tons of CO<sub>2</sub> were injected into a high-permeability sandstone and the resulting subsurface plume of CO<sub>2</sub> was monitored using a variety of hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical techniques. Fluid samples were obtained before CO<sub>2</sub> injection for baseline geochemical characterization, during the CO<sub>2</sub> injection to track its breakthrough at a nearby observation well, and after injection to investigate changes in fluid composition and potential leakage into an overlying zone. Following CO<sub>2</sub> breakthrough at the observation well, brine samples showed sharp drops in pH, pronounced increases in HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and aqueous Fe, and significant shifts in the isotopic compositions of H<sub>2</sub>O and dissolved inorganic carbon. Based on a calibrated 1-D radial flow model, reactive transport modeling was performed for the Frio-I Brine Pilot. A simple kinetic model of Fe release from the solid to aqueous phase was developed, which can reproduce the observed increases in aqueous Fe concentration. Brine samples collected after half a year had lower Fe concentrations due to carbonate precipitation, and this trend can be also captured by our modeling. The paper provides a method for estimating potential mobile Fe inventory, and its bounding concentration in the storage formation from limited observation data. Long-term simulations show that the CO<sub>2</sub> plume gradually spreads outward due to capillary forces, and the gas saturation gradually decreases due to its dissolution and precipitation of carbonates. The gas phase is predicted to disappear after 500 years. Elevated aqueous CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations remain for a longer time, but eventually decrease due to carbonate precipitation. For the Frio-I Brine Pilot, all injected CO<sub>2</sub> could ultimately be sequestered as carbonate minerals. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.01.006","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Xu, T., Kharaka, Y., Doughty, C., Freifeld, B., and Daley, T., 2010, Reactive transport modeling to study changes in water chemistry induced by CO<sub>2</sub> injection at the Frio-I Brine Pilot: Chemical Geology, v. 271, no. 3-4, p. 153-164, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.01.006.","startPage":"153","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475780,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/981745","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217101,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.01.006"},{"id":245018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"271","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a958ae4b0c8380cd81aa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, T.","contributorId":31236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kharaka, Y.K.","contributorId":23568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Y.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doughty, C.","contributorId":41202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughty","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freifeld, B.M.","contributorId":21753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freifeld","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Daley, T.M.","contributorId":34708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daley","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037078,"text":"70037078 - 2010 - Silica in a Mars analog environment: Ka u Desert, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70037078","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silica in a Mars analog environment: Ka u Desert, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Airborne Visible/Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data acquired over the Ka u Desert are atmospherically corrected to ground reflectance and used to identify the mineralogic components of relatively young basaltic materials, including 250-700 and 200-400 year old lava flows, 1971 and 1974 flows, ash deposits, and solfatara incrustations. To provide context, a geologic surface units map is constructed, verified with field observations, and supported by laboratory analyses. AVIRIS spectral endmembers are identified in the visible (0.4 to 1.2 ??m) and short wave infrared (2.0 to 2.5 ??m) wavelength ranges. Nearly all the spectral variability is controlled by the presence of ferrous and ferric iron in such minerals as pyroxene, olivine, hematite, goethite, and poorly crystalline iron oxides or glass. A broad, nearly ubiquitous absorption feature centered at 2.25 ??m is attributed to opaline (amorphous, hydrated) silica and is found to correlate spatially with mapped geologic surface units. Laboratory analyses show the silica to be consistently present as a deposited phase, including incrustations downwind from solfatara vents, cementing agent for ash duricrusts, and thin coatings on the youngest lava flow surfaces. A second, Ti-rich upper coating on young flows also influences spectral behavior. This study demonstrates that secondary silica is mobile in the Ka u Desert on a variety of time scales and spatial domains. The investigation from remote, field, and laboratory perspectives also mimics exploration of Mars using orbital and landed missions, with important implications for spectral characterization of coated basalts and formation of opaline silica in arid, acidic alteration environments. Copyright 2010 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009JE003347","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Seelos, K., Arvidson, R., Jolliff, B., Chemtob, S., Morris, R., Ming, D.W., and Swayze, G., 2010, Silica in a Mars analog environment: Ka u Desert, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 115, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JE003347.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475821,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009je003347","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216990,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JE003347"},{"id":244897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f32e4b08c986b318da3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seelos, K.D.","contributorId":73849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelos","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jolliff, B.L.","contributorId":21268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolliff","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chemtob, S.M.","contributorId":38435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chemtob","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":6978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ming, D. W.","contributorId":96811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Swayze, G.A. 0000-0002-1814-7823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":21570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037079,"text":"70037079 - 2010 - Protein expression and genetic structure of the coral Porites lobata in an environmentally extreme Samoan back reef: Does host genotype limit phenotypic plasticity?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:47","indexId":"70037079","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Protein expression and genetic structure of the coral Porites lobata in an environmentally extreme Samoan back reef: Does host genotype limit phenotypic plasticity?","docAbstract":"The degree to which coral reef ecosystems will be impacted by global climate change depends on regional and local differences in corals' susceptibility and resilience to environmental stressors. Here, we present data from a reciprocal transplant experiment using the common reef building coral Porites lobata between a highly fluctuating back reef environment that reaches stressful daily extremes, and a more stable, neighbouring forereef. Protein biomarker analyses assessing physiological contributions to stress resistance showed evidence for both fixed and environmental influence on biomarker response. Fixed influences were strongest for ubiquitin-conjugated proteins with consistently higher levels found in back reef source colonies both pre and post-transplant when compared with their forereef conspecifics. Additionally, genetic comparisons of back reef and forereef populations revealed significant population structure of both the nuclear ribosomal and mitochondrial genomes of the coral host (F<sub>ST</sub> = 0.146 P &lt; 0.0001, F<sub>ST</sub> = 0.335 P &lt; 0.0001 for rDNA and mtDNA, respectively), whereas algal endosymbiont populations were genetically indistinguishable between the two sites. We propose that the genotype of the coral host may drive limitations to the physiological responses of these corals when faced with new environmental conditions. This result is important in understanding genotypic and environmental interactions in the coral algal symbiosis and how corals may respond to future environmental changes. ?? 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04574.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Barshis, D., Stillman, J., Gates, R., Toonen, R., Smith, L., and Birkeland, C., 2010, Protein expression and genetic structure of the coral Porites lobata in an environmentally extreme Samoan back reef: Does host genotype limit phenotypic plasticity?: Molecular Ecology, v. 19, no. 8, p. 1705-1720, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04574.x.","startPage":"1705","endPage":"1720","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":506046,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04574.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217015,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04574.x"},{"id":244925,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8f70e4b0c8380cd7f770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barshis, D.J.","contributorId":106730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barshis","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stillman, J.H.","contributorId":85436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillman","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gates, R.D.","contributorId":56887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Toonen, R.J.","contributorId":99401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toonen","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, L.W.","contributorId":52992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Birkeland, C.","contributorId":62841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birkeland","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037086,"text":"70037086 - 2010 - Computer algorithm for analyzing and processing borehole strainmeter data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-14T15:14:48","indexId":"70037086","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Computer algorithm for analyzing and processing borehole strainmeter data","docAbstract":"The newly installed Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) strainmeters record signals from tectonic activity, Earth tides, and atmospheric pressure. Important information about tectonic processes may occur at amplitudes at and below tidal strains and pressure loading. If incorrect assumptions are made regarding the background noise in the strain data, then the estimates of tectonic signal amplitudes may be incorrect. Furthermore, the use of simplifying assumptions that data are uncorrelated can lead to incorrect results and pressure loading and tides may not be completely removed from the raw data. Instead, any algorithm used to process strainmeter data must incorporate the strong temporal correlations that are inherent with these data. The technique described here uses least squares but employs data covariance that describes the temporal correlation of strainmeter data. There are several advantages to this method since many parameters are estimated simultaneously. These parameters include: (1) functional terms that describe the underlying error model, (2) the tidal terms, (3) the pressure loading term(s), (4) amplitudes of offsets, either those from earthquakes or from the instrument, (5) rate and changes in rate, and (6) the amplitudes and time constants of either logarithmic or exponential curves that can characterize postseismic deformation or diffusion of fluids near the strainmeter. With the proper error model, realistic estimates of the standard errors of the various parameters are obtained; this is especially critical in determining the statistical significance of a suspected, tectonic strain signal. The program also provides a method of tracking the various adjustments required to process strainmeter data. In addition, the program provides several plots to assist with identifying either tectonic signals or other signals that may need to be removed before any geophysical signal can be identified.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2009.08.011","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Langbein, J.O., 2010, Computer algorithm for analyzing and processing borehole strainmeter data: Computers & Geosciences, v. 36, no. 5, p. 611-619, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2009.08.011.","startPage":"611","endPage":"619","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217104,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2009.08.011"},{"id":245021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f955e4b0c8380cd4d587","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langbein, John O. 0000-0002-7821-8101 langbein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7821-8101","contributorId":3293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"John","email":"langbein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037087,"text":"70037087 - 2010 - Recruitment in a Colorado population of big brown bats: Breeding probabilities, litter size, and first-year survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037087","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recruitment in a Colorado population of big brown bats: Breeding probabilities, litter size, and first-year survival","docAbstract":"We used markrecapture estimation techniques and radiography to test hypotheses about 3 important aspects of recruitment in big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in Fort Collins, Colorado: adult breeding probabilities, litter size, and 1st-year survival of young. We marked 2,968 females with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags at multiple sites during 2001-2005 and based our assessments on direct recaptures (breeding probabilities) and passive detection with automated PIT tag readers (1st-year survival). We interpreted our data in relation to hypotheses regarding demographic influences of bat age, roost, and effects of years with unusual environmental conditions: extreme drought (2002) and arrival of a West Nile virus epizootic (2003). Conditional breeding probabilities at 6 roosts sampled in 2002-2005 were estimated as 0.64 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.530.73) in 1-year-old females, but were consistently high (95% CI = 0.940.96) and did not vary by roost, year, or prior year breeding status in older adults. Mean litter size was 1.11 (95% CI = 1.051.17), based on examination of 112 pregnant females by radiography. Litter size was not higher in older or larger females and was similar to results of other studies in western North America despite wide variation in latitude. First-year survival was estimated as 0.67 (95% CI = 0.610.73) for weaned females at 5 maternity roosts over 5 consecutive years, was lower than adult survival (0.79; 95% CI = 0.770.81), and varied by roost. Based on model selection criteria, strong evidence exists for complex roost and year effects on 1st-year survival. First-year survival was lowest in bats born during the drought year. Juvenile females that did not return to roosts as 1-year-olds had lower body condition indices in late summer of their natal year than those known to survive. ?? 2009 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/08-MAMM-A-295.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"O'Shea, T., Ellison, L., Neubaum, D., Neubaum, M., Reynolds, C., and Bowen, R.A., 2010, Recruitment in a Colorado population of big brown bats: Breeding probabilities, litter size, and first-year survival: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 91, no. 2, p. 418-428, https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-295.1.","startPage":"418","endPage":"428","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487919,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/08-mamm-a-295.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217134,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-295.1"},{"id":245053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a353e4b0e8fec6cdb821","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellison, L.E.","contributorId":103610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neubaum, D.J.","contributorId":43720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neubaum","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neubaum, M.A.","contributorId":50866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neubaum","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reynolds, C.A.","contributorId":102301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowen, R. A.","contributorId":80623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037112,"text":"70037112 - 2010 - Latitudinal variations in Titan's methane and haze from Cassini VIMS observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037112","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Latitudinal variations in Titan's methane and haze from Cassini VIMS observations","docAbstract":"We analyze observations taken with Cassini's Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS), to determine the current methane and haze latitudinal distribution between 60??S and 40??N. The methane variation was measured primarily from its absorption band at 0.61 ??m, which is optically thin enough to be sensitive to the methane abundance at 20-50 km altitude. Haze characteristics were determined from Titan's 0.4-1.6 ??m spectra, which sample Titan's atmosphere from the surface to 200 km altitude. Radiative transfer models based on the haze properties and methane absorption profiles at the Huygens site reproduced the observed VIMS spectra and allowed us to retrieve latitude variations in the methane abundance and haze. We find the haze variations can be reproduced by varying only the density and single scattering albedo above 80 km altitude. There is an ambiguity between methane abundance and haze optical depth, because higher haze optical depth causes shallower methane bands; thus a family of solutions is allowed by the data. We find that haze variations alone, with a constant methane abundance, can reproduce the spatial variation in the methane bands if the haze density increases by 60% between 20??S and 10??S (roughly the sub-solar latitude) and single scattering absorption increases by 20% between 60??S and 40??N. On the other hand, a higher abundance of methane between 20 and 50 km in the summer hemisphere, as much as two times that of the winter hemisphere, is also possible, if the haze variations are minimized. The range of possible methane variations between 27??S and 19??N is consistent with condensation as a result of temperature variations of 0-1.5 K at 20-30 km. Our analysis indicates that the latitudinal variations in Titan's visible to near-IR albedo, the north/south asymmetry (NSA), result primarily from variations in the thickness of the darker haze layer, detected by Huygens DISR, above 80 km altitude. If we assume little to no latitudinal methane variations we can reproduce the NSA wavelength signatures with the derived haze characteristics. We calculate the solar heating rate as a function of latitude and derive variations of ???10-15% near the sub-solar latitude resulting from the NSA. Most of the latitudinal variations in the heating rate stem from changes in solar zenith angle rather than compositional variations. ?? 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2009.11.003","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Penteado, P., Griffith, C., Tomasko, M., Engel, S., See, C., Doose, L., Baines, K.H., Brown, R.H., Buratti, B.J., Clark, R., Nicholson, P., and Sotin, C., 2010, Latitudinal variations in Titan's methane and haze from Cassini VIMS observations: Icarus, v. 206, no. 1, p. 352-365, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2009.11.003.","startPage":"352","endPage":"365","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217047,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2009.11.003"},{"id":244958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"206","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4588e4b0c8380cd673d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Penteado, P.F.","contributorId":7534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penteado","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffith, C.A.","contributorId":10141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tomasko, M.G.","contributorId":94861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomasko","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engel, S.","contributorId":105562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"See, C.","contributorId":74203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"See","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Doose, L.","contributorId":13067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doose","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Clark, R.","contributorId":100780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nicholson, P.","contributorId":24550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70037115,"text":"70037115 - 2010 - Detrital zircon evidence for progressive underthrusting in Franciscan metagraywackes, west-central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037115","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detrital zircon evidence for progressive underthrusting in Franciscan metagraywackes, west-central California","docAbstract":"We present new U/Pb ages for detrital zircons separated from six quartzose metagraywackes collected from different Franciscan Complex imbricate nappes around San Francisco Bay. All six rocks contain a broad spread of Late Jurassic-Cretaceous grains originating from the Klamath-Sierra Nevada volcanic-plutonic arc. Units young structurally downward, consistent with models of progressive underplating and offscraping within a subduction complex. The youngest specimen is from the structurally lowest San Bruno Mountain sheet; at 52 Ma, it evidently was deposited during the Eocene. None of the other metagraywackes yielded zircon ages younger than 83 Ma. Zircons from both El Cerrito units are dominated by ca. 100-160 Ma grains; the upper El Cerrito also contains several grains in the 1200-1800 Ma interval. These samples are nearly identical to 97 Ma metasedimentary rock from the Hunters Point shear zone. Zircon ages from this m??lange block exhibit a broad distribution, ranging from 97 to 200 Ma, with only a single pre-Mesozoic age. The Albany Hill specimen has a distribution of pre-Mesozoic grains from 1300 to 1800 Ma, generally similar to that of the upper El Cerrito sheet; however, it contains zircons as young as 83 Ma, suggesting that it is significantly younger than the upper El Cerrito unit. The Skaggs Spring Schist is the oldest studied unit; its youngest analyzed grains were ca. 144 Ma, and it is the only investigated specimen to display a significant Paleozoic detrital component. Sedimentation and subduction-accretion of this tract of the trench complex took place along the continental margin during Early to early-Late Cretaceous time, and perhaps into Eocene time. Franciscan and Great Valley deposition attests to erosion of an Andean arc that was active over the entire span from ca. 145 to 80 Ma, with an associated accretionary prism built by progressive underthrusting. We use these new data to demonstrate that the eastern Franciscan Complex in the northern and central Coast Ranges is a classic accretionary prism, where younger, structurally lower allochthons are exposed on the west, and older, structurally higher allochthons occur to the east, in the heavily studied San Francisco Bay area. ?? 2009 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26399.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Snow, C., Wakabayashi, J., Ernst, W., and Wooden, J.L., 2010, Detrital zircon evidence for progressive underthrusting in Franciscan metagraywackes, west-central California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 122, no. 1-2, p. 282-291, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26399.1.","startPage":"282","endPage":"291","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217105,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26399.1"},{"id":245022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fffde4b0c8380cd4f506","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snow, C.A.","contributorId":37130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snow","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wakabayashi, J.","contributorId":21009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wakabayashi","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ernst, W. G.","contributorId":18456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ernst","given":"W. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037123,"text":"70037123 - 2010 - Diurnal variation in invertebrate catch rates by sticky traps: Potential for biased indices of piping plover forage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T10:41:35","indexId":"70037123","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diurnal variation in invertebrate catch rates by sticky traps: Potential for biased indices of piping plover forage","docAbstract":"<p>Measuring abundance of invertebrate forage for piping plovers (Charadrius melodus; hereafter plovers), a federally listed species in the USA, is an important component of research and monitoring targeted toward species recovery. Sticky traps are commonly used to passively sample invertebrates, but catch rates may vary diurnally or in response to weather. We examined diurnal variation in catch rates of invertebrates using an experiment on reservoir shoreline and riverine sandbar habitats of the Upper Missouri River in 2006 and 2008. Highest catch rates of large invertebrates (&gt;3 mm) on dry sand habitats occurred during 08:00-11:00 Central Daylight Time (CDT) on the reservoir and 08:00-14:00 CDT on the river. On wet sand habitats, catch rates were lowest during 17:00-20:00 on both the reservoir and the river. Catch rates decreased 24% for every 10 kph increase in wind. Sticky traps deployed continuously for 12 h or more had lower catch rates than four consecutive-composited 3-hour deployments, suggesting that trap effectiveness declined for &gt;3-hour deployments. Thus, if sticky traps are used to index plover forage abundance without controlling for time of day and wind speed, data may be highly variable or estimates could be biased.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s13157-010-0066-2","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M., and Sherfy, M., 2010, Diurnal variation in invertebrate catch rates by sticky traps: Potential for biased indices of piping plover forage: Wetlands, v. 30, no. 4, p. 757-762, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-010-0066-2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"757","endPage":"762","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217192,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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H. 0000-0003-3016-4105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-4105","contributorId":42561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherfy","given":"M. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037142,"text":"70037142 - 2010 - Time-dependent seismic tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T14:06:49","indexId":"70037142","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time-dependent seismic tomography","docAbstract":"Of methods for measuring temporal changes in seismic-wave speeds in the Earth, seismic tomography is among those that offer the highest spatial resolution. 3-D tomographic methods are commonly applied in this context by inverting seismic wave arrival time data sets from different epochs independently and assuming that differences in the derived structures represent real temporal variations. This assumption is dangerous because the results of independent inversions would differ even if the structure in the Earth did not change, due to observational errors and differences in the seismic ray distributions. The latter effect may be especially severe when data sets include earthquake swarms or aftershock sequences, and may produce the appearance of correlation between structural changes and seismicity when the wave speeds are actually temporally invariant. A better approach, which makes it possible to assess what changes are truly required by the data, is to invert multiple data sets simultaneously, minimizing the difference between models for different epochs as well as the rms arrival-time residuals. This problem leads, in the case of two epochs, to a system of normal equations whose order is twice as great as for a single epoch. The direct solution of this system would require twice as much memory and four times as much computational effort as would independent inversions. We present an algorithm, tomo4d, that takes advantage of the structure and sparseness of the system to obtain the solution with essentially no more effort than independent inversions require. No claim to original US government works Journal compilation ?? 2010 RAS.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04668.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Julian, B., and Foulger, G., 2010, Time-dependent seismic tomography: Geophysical Journal International, v. 182, no. 3, p. 1327-1338, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04668.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1327","endPage":"1338","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-011001","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475879,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2010.04668.x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217020,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04668.x"}],"volume":"182","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3bce4b08c986b325f94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Julian, B.R.","contributorId":101272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foulger, G.R.","contributorId":14439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foulger","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037143,"text":"70037143 - 2010 - Sediment discharges during storm flow from proximal urban and rural karst springs, central Kentucky, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037143","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment discharges during storm flow from proximal urban and rural karst springs, central Kentucky, USA","docAbstract":"Since the mid-1990s, various studies have addressed the timing of sediment transport to karst springs during storm flow or the composition and provenance of sediment discharged from springs. However, relatively few studies have focused on the flow thresholds at which sediment is mobilized or total sediment yields across various time scales. We examined each of these topics for a mainly urban spring (Blue Hole) and a rural spring (SP-2) in the Inner Bluegrass region of central Kentucky (USA). Suspended sediment consisted mostly of quartz silt and sand, with lesser amounts of calcite and organic matter. Total suspended sediment (TSS) values measured during storm flow were greater at SP-2 than at Blue Hole. By aggregating data from four storms during 2 years, we found that median suspended-sediment size jumped as Q exceeded ???0.5 m<sup>3</sup>/s for both springs. At Blue Hole, TSS tended to vary with Q and capacity approached 1 g/L, but no systematic relationship between TSS and Q was evident at SP-2. Sediment fluxes from the Blue Hole basin were ???2 orders of magnitude greater for storms in March (2002 and 2004) than September (2002 and 2003). In contrast, sediment fluxes from the SP-2 basin were of similar magnitude in September 2003 and March 2004. The overall range of area-normalized fluxes for both springs, 9.16 ?? 10<sup>-3</sup>-4.45 ?? 10<sup>2</sup> kg/(ha h), overlaps values reported for farm plots and a stream in the Inner Bluegrass region and for other spring basins in the eastern USA and western Europe. Sediment compositions, sizes, and responses to storms in the basins may differ because of land use (e.g., the extent of impervious cover in the Blue Hole basin), basin size (larger for Blue Hole), conduit architecture, which appears to be more complex in the Blue Hole basin, and the impoundment of SP-2, which may have promoted decadal-scale storage of sediment upgradient. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.12.043","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Reed, T., Todd, M.J., Fryar, A., Fogle, A., and Taraba, J., 2010, Sediment discharges during storm flow from proximal urban and rural karst springs, central Kentucky, USA: Journal of Hydrology, v. 383, no. 3-4, p. 280-290, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.12.043.","startPage":"280","endPage":"290","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217048,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.12.043"},{"id":244959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"383","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8984e4b08c986b316e00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reed, T.M.","contributorId":95840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Todd, McFarland J.","contributorId":6340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"McFarland","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fryar, A.E.","contributorId":59928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryar","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fogle, A.W.","contributorId":96051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogle","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taraba, J.L.","contributorId":51062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taraba","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037144,"text":"70037144 - 2010 - Small mammals associated with colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the Southern High Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:07","indexId":"70037144","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small mammals associated with colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the Southern High Plains","docAbstract":"We compared diversity and abundance of small mammals at colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) and paired non-colony sites. Of colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs in our study area, >80 were on slopes of playa lakes; thus, we used sites of colonies and non-colonies that were on slopes of playa lakes. We trapped small mammals on 29 pairs of sites. Overall abundance did not differ between types of sites, but some taxa exhibited associations with colonies (Onychomys leucogaster) or non-colonies (Chaetodipus hispidus, Reithrodontomys, Sigmodon hispidus). Diversity and evenness of small mammals did not differ between colonies and non-colonies in 2002, but were higher on non-colonies in 2003. Although we may not have detected some rare or infrequently occurring species, our data reveal differences in diversity and evenness of more common species among the types of sites. Prairie dogs are touted as a keystone species with their colonies associated with a greater faunal diversity than adjacent lands. Our findings contradict several studies reporting greater diversity and abundance of small mammals at colonies of prairie dogs. We suggest that additional research across a wider landscape and incorporating landscape variables beyond the immediate trapping plot may further elucidate interspecific associations between black-tailed prairie dogs and species of small rodents.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/CLG-23.1","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Pruett, A., Boal, C.W., Wallace, M., Whitlaw, H.A., and Ray, J., 2010, Small mammals associated with colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the Southern High Plains: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 55, no. 1, p. 50-56, https://doi.org/10.1894/CLG-23.1.","startPage":"50","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217049,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/CLG-23.1"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9188e4b08c986b31996c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pruett, A.L.","contributorId":18606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pruett","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boal, C. W.","contributorId":102614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boal","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallace, M.C.","contributorId":59162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitlaw, Heather A.","contributorId":13026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlaw","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ray, J.D.","contributorId":11982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037148,"text":"70037148 - 2010 - Spatial trends in tidal flat shape and associated environmental parameters in South San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-26T16:18:14","indexId":"70037148","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial trends in tidal flat shape and associated environmental parameters in South San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p>Spatial trends in the shape of profiles of South San Francisco Bay (SSFB) tidal flats are examined using bathymetric and lidar data collected in 2004 and 2005. Eigenfunction analysis reveals a dominant mode of morphologic variability related to the degree of convexity or concavity in the cross-shore profileindicative of (i) depositional, tidally dominant or (ii) erosional, wave impacted conditions. Two contrasting areas of characteristic shapenorth or south of a constriction in estuary width located near the Dumbarton Bridgeare recognized. This pattern of increasing or decreasing convexity in the inner or outer estuary is correlated to spatial variability in external and internal environmental parameters, and observational results are found to be largely consistent with theoretical expectations. Tidal flat convexity in SSFB is observed to increase (in decreasing order of significance) in response to increased deposition, increased tidal range, decreased fetch length, decreased sediment grain size, and decreased tidal flat width. ?? 2010 Coastal Education and Research Foundation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2112/08-1094.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Bearman, J., Friedrichs, C.T., Jaffe, B.E., and Foxgrover, A., 2010, Spatial trends in tidal flat shape and associated environmental parameters in South San Francisco Bay: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 26, no. 2, p. 342-349, https://doi.org/10.2112/08-1094.1.","startPage":"342","endPage":"349","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217108,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/08-1094.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94ace4b08c986b31abe0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bearman, J.A.","contributorId":53200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bearman","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedrichs, Carl T.","contributorId":43989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friedrichs","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, B. E.","contributorId":88327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foxgrover, A.C.","contributorId":34321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037166,"text":"70037166 - 2010 - Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T12:19:05","indexId":"70037166","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data","docAbstract":"<p id=\"\">The simulation of gross primary production (GPP) at various spatial and temporal scales remains a major challenge for quantifying the global carbon cycle. We developed a light use efficiency model, called EC-LUE, driven by only four variables: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature, and the Bowen ratio of sensible to latent heat flux. The EC-LUE model may have the most potential to adequately address the spatial and temporal dynamics of GPP because its parameters (i.e., the potential light use efficiency and optimal plant growth temperature) are invariant across the various land cover types. However, the application of the previous EC-LUE model was hampered by poor prediction of Bowen ratio at the large spatial scale. In this study, we substituted the Bowen ratio with the ratio of evapotranspiration (ET) to net radiation, and revised the RS-PM (Remote Sensing-Penman Monteith) model for quantifying ET. Fifty-four eddy covariance towers, including various ecosystem types, were selected to calibrate and validate the revised RS-PM and EC-LUE models. The revised RS-PM model explained 82% and 68% of the observed variations of ET for all the calibration and validation sites, respectively. Using estimated ET as input, the EC-LUE model performed well in calibration and validation sites, explaining 75% and 61% of the observed GPP variation for calibration and validation sites respectively.</p><p id=\"\">Global patterns of ET and GPP at a spatial resolution of 0.5° latitude by 0.6° longitude during the years 2000–2003 were determined using the global MERRA dataset (Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications) and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). The global estimates of ET and GPP agreed well with the other global models from the literature, with the highest ET and GPP over tropical forests and the lowest values in dry and high latitude areas. However, comparisons with observed GPP at eddy flux towers showed significant underestimation of ET and GPP due to lower net radiation of MERRA dataset. Applying a procedure to correct the systematic errors of global meteorological data would improve global estimates of GPP and ET. The revised RS-PM and EC-LUE models will provide the alternative approaches making it possible to map ET and GPP over large areas because (1) the model parameters are invariant across various land cover types and (2) all driving forces of the models may be derived from remote sensing data or existing climate observation networks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.022","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Yuan, W., Liu, S., Yu, G., Bonnefond, J., Chen, J., Davis, K., Desai, A., Goldstein, A.H., Gianelle, D., Rossi, F., Suyker, A., and Verma, S., 2010, Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 7, p. 1416-1431, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.022.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1416","endPage":"1431","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245342,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217396,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.022"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2946e4b0c8380cd5a7f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, W.","contributorId":35955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yu, G.","contributorId":61198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonnefond, J.-M.","contributorId":70956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonnefond","given":"J.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, J.","contributorId":104634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, K.","contributorId":54920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Desai, A.R.","contributorId":28835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desai","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Goldstein, Allen H.","contributorId":7452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gianelle, D.","contributorId":47205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gianelle","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rossi, F.","contributorId":103123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rossi","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Suyker, A.E.","contributorId":42051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suyker","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Verma, S.B.","contributorId":103890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verma","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70037168,"text":"70037168 - 2010 - Detecting the spatial and temporal variability of chlorophyll-a concentration and total suspended solids in Apalachicola Bay, Florida using MODIS imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-17T15:27:47","indexId":"70037168","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Detecting the spatial and temporal variability of chlorophyll-<i>a</i> concentration and total suspended solids in Apalachicola Bay, Florida using MODIS imagery","title":"Detecting the spatial and temporal variability of chlorophyll-a concentration and total suspended solids in Apalachicola Bay, Florida using MODIS imagery","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>Apalachicola Bay, Florida, accounts for 90% of Florida's and 10% of the nation's eastern oyster (<i>Crassostrea virginica</i>) harvesting. Chlorophyll-<i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration and total suspended solids (TSS) are two important water quality variables, among other environmental factors such as salinity, for eastern oyster production in Apalachicola Bay. In this research, we developed regression models of the relationships between the reflectance of the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra 250&nbsp;m data and the two water quality variables based on the Bay-wide field data collected during 14–17 October 2002, a relatively dry period, and 3–5 April 2006, a relatively wet period, respectively. Then we selected the best regression models (highest coefficient of determination,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup>) to derive Bay-wide maps of chlorophyll-<i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration and TSS for the two periods. The MODIS-derived maps revealed large spatial and temporal variations in chlorophyll-<i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration and TSS across the entire Apalachicola Bay.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431160902893485","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Wang, H., Hladik, C., Huang, W., Milla, K., Edmiston, L., Harwell, M., and Schalles, J., 2010, Detecting the spatial and temporal variability of chlorophyll-a concentration and total suspended solids in Apalachicola Bay, Florida using MODIS imagery: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 31, no. 2, p. 439-453, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160902893485.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"439","endPage":"453","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.089111328125,\n              29.596147812456916\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.86801147460938,\n              29.596147812456916\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.86801147460938,\n              29.72264453862633\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.089111328125,\n              29.72264453862633\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.089111328125,\n              29.596147812456916\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff63e4b0c8380cd4f16b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Hongqing 0000-0002-2977-7732 wangh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2977-7732","contributorId":140432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Hongqing","email":"wangh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hladik, C.M.","contributorId":76974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, W.","contributorId":42748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milla, K.","contributorId":104313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milla","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edmiston, L.","contributorId":88982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmiston","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harwell, M.A.","contributorId":34362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harwell","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schalles, J.F.","contributorId":99404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schalles","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037176,"text":"70037176 - 2010 - Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T14:09:00","indexId":"70037176","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Temperatures in high-latitude ecosystems are increasing faster than the average rate of global warming, which may lead to a positive feedback for climate change by increasing the respiration rates of soil organic C. If a positive feedback is confirmed, soil C will represent a source of greenhouse gases that is not currently considered in international protocols to regulate C emissions. We present new estimates of the stocks of soil organic C in Alaska, calculated by linking spatial and field data developed by the USDA NRCS. The spatial data are from the State Soil Geographic database (STATSGO), and the field and laboratory data are from the National Soil Characterization Database, also known as the pedon database. The new estimates range from 32 to 53 Pg of soil organic C for Alaska, formed by linking the spatial and field data using the attributes of Soil Taxonomy. For modelers, we recommend an estimation method based on taxonomic subgroups with interpolation for missing areas, which yields an estimate of 48 Pg. This is a substantial increase over a magnitude of 13 Pg estimated from only the STATSGO data as originally distributed in 1994, but the increase reflects different estimation methods and is not a measure of the change in C on the landscape. Pedon samples were collected between 1952 and 2002, so the results do not represent a single point in time. The linked databases provide an improved basis for modeling the impacts of climate change on net ecosystem exchange.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2008.0404","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Bliss, N.B., and Maursetter, J., 2010, Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 74, no. 2, p. 565-579, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0404.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"565","endPage":"579","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217081,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0404"},{"id":244994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9212e4b08c986b319c9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bliss, Norman B. 0000-0003-2409-5211 bliss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-5211","contributorId":1921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"Norman","email":"bliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maursetter, J.","contributorId":67336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maursetter","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037178,"text":"70037178 - 2010 - Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T13:05:18","indexId":"70037178","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States","docAbstract":"Empirical models to estimate the probability of occurrence and volume of postwildfire debris flows can be quickly implemented in a geographic information system (GIS) to generate debris-flow hazard maps either before or immediately following wildfires. Models that can be used to calculate the probability of debris-flow production from individual drainage basins in response to a given storm were developed using logistic regression analyses of a database from 388 basins located in 15 burned areas located throughout the U.S. Intermountain West. The models describe debris-flow probability as a function of readily obtained measures of areal burned extent, soil properties, basin morphology, and rainfall from short-duration and low-recurrence-interval convective rainstorms. A model for estimating the volume of material that may issue from a basin mouth in response to a given storm was developed using multiple linear regression analysis of a database from 56 basins burned by eight fires. This model describes debris-flow volume as a function of the basin gradient, aerial burned extent, and storm rainfall. Applications of a probability model and the volume model for hazard assessments are illustrated using information from the 2003 Hot Creek fire in central Idaho. The predictive strength of the approach in this setting is evaluated using information on the response of this fire to a localized thunderstorm in August 2003. The mapping approach presented here identifies those basins that are most prone to the largest debris-flow events and thus provides information necessary to prioritize areas for postfire erosion mitigation, warnings, and prefire management efforts throughout the Intermountain West.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/B26459.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S., Gartner, J., Rupert, M., Michael, J.A., Rea, A.H., and Parrett, C., 2010, Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 122, no. 1-2, p. 127-144, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26459.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"144","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":363,"text":"Landslide Hazards Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217109,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26459.1"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"122","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81d5e4b0c8380cd7b772","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, S.H.","contributorId":38154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, J.E.","contributorId":80098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rupert, M.G.","contributorId":24455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michael, J. A.","contributorId":48567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rea, A. H.","contributorId":58301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parrett, C.","contributorId":43400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037181,"text":"70037181 - 2010 - Judging a brook by its cover: The relation between ecological condition of a stream and urban land cover in new England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:07","indexId":"70037181","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Judging a brook by its cover: The relation between ecological condition of a stream and urban land cover in new England","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey conducted an urban land-use study in the New England Coastal Basins (NECB) area during 2001 to determine how urbanization relates to changes in the ecological condition of streams. Thirty sites were selected that differed in their level of watershed development (low to high). An urban intensity value was calculated for each site from 24 landscape variables. Together, these 30 values reppresented a gradient of urban intensity. Among various biological, chemical, and physical factors surveyed at each site, benthic invertebrate assemblages were sampled from stream riffles and also from multiple habitats along the length of the sampling reach. We use some of the NECB data to derive a four-variable urbanintensity index (NECB-UII), where each variable represents a distinct component of urbanization: increasing human presence, expanding infrastructure, landscape development, and riparian vegetation loss. Using the NECB-UII as a characterization of urbanization, we describe how landscape fragmentation occurs with urbanization and how changes in the invertebrate assemblages, represented by metrics of ecological condition, are related to urbanization. Metrics with a strong linear response included EPT taxa richness, percentage richness of non-insect taxa, and pollution-tolerance values. Additionally, we describe how these relations can help in estimating the expected condition of a stream for its level of urbanization, thereby establishing a baseline for evaluating possible affects from specific point-source stressors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/045.017.0103","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Coles, J., Cuffney, T., McMahon, G., and Rosiu, C., 2010, Judging a brook by its cover: The relation between ecological condition of a stream and urban land cover in new England: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 17, no. 1, p. 29-48, https://doi.org/10.1656/045.017.0103.","startPage":"29","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217141,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/045.017.0103"},{"id":245060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4028e4b0c8380cd64b2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coles, J.F.","contributorId":80257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuffney, T. F.","contributorId":108134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"T. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McMahon, G.","contributorId":87263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosiu, C. J.","contributorId":97034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosiu","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037183,"text":"70037183 - 2010 - Paradigms and proboscideans in the southern Great Lakes region, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037183","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paradigms and proboscideans in the southern Great Lakes region, USA","docAbstract":"Thirteen new chronometric dates for Illinois proboscideans are considered in relation to well-dated pollen records from northeastern and central Illinois. These dates span an interval from 21,228 to 12,944 cal BP. When compared to pollen spectra, it is evident that Mammut americanum inhabited spruce (Picea) and black ash (Fraxinus nigra) forest during the B??lling-Aller??d (14,700-12,900 cal BP) and early Younger Dryas (12,900-11,650 cal BP) chronozones. Both Mammuthus jeffersonii and Mammuthus primigenius inhabited spruce dominated open-woodland during the Oldest Dryas chronozone, while M.??primigenius persisted in a forest of predominantly black ash during the Aller??d chronozone. A newly discovered specimen from Lincoln, IL, clarifies the taxonomic distinction between M. primigenius and M.??jeffersonii. Hitherto, a paradigm of proboscidean succession during the full- to late-glacial periods was based on the vegetation succession of steppe tundra-like vegetation to spruce forest to spruce-deciduous forest. The presumed proboscidean succession was that of cold, dry steppe-adapted M. primigenius succeeded by more mesic-tolerant M. jeffersonii that in turn was succeeded by the wet forest-adapted M.??americanum. Reported data do not support this view and indicate a need for re-evaluation of assumptions of proboscidean ecology and history, e.g., the environmental tolerances and habits of M.??primigenius in regions south of 55??N, and its dynamic relationship with other proboscidean taxa. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2009.07.031","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Saunders, J., Grimm, E., Widga, C., Campbell, G., Curry, B.B., Grimley, D., Hanson, P., McCullum, J., Oliver, J., and Treworgy, J., 2010, Paradigms and proboscideans in the southern Great Lakes region, USA: Quaternary International, v. 217, no. 1-2, p. 175-187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2009.07.031.","startPage":"175","endPage":"187","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217167,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2009.07.031"},{"id":245088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"217","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a74c2e4b0c8380cd777f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saunders, J.J.","contributorId":72598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunders","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimm, E.C.","contributorId":88136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimm","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Widga, C.C.","contributorId":98146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widga","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, G.D.","contributorId":25014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Curry, B. Brandon","contributorId":104224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brandon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grimley, D.A.","contributorId":18530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimley","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hanson, P.R.","contributorId":45434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCullum, J.P.","contributorId":93733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCullum","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Oliver, J.S.","contributorId":17073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Treworgy, J.D.","contributorId":39145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treworgy","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70037195,"text":"70037195 - 2010 - Spectral assessment of new ASTER SWIR surface reflectance data products for spectroscopic mapping of rocks and minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037195","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectral assessment of new ASTER SWIR surface reflectance data products for spectroscopic mapping of rocks and minerals","docAbstract":"ASTER reflectance spectra from Cuprite, Nevada, and Mountain Pass, California, were compared to spectra of field samples and to ASTER-resampled AVIRIS reflectance data to determine spectral accuracy and spectroscopic mapping potential of two new ASTER SWIR reflectance datasets: RefL1b and AST_07XT. RefL1b is a new reflectance dataset produced for this study using ASTER Level 1B data, crosstalk correction, radiance correction factors, and concurrently acquired level 2 MODIS water vapor data. The AST_07XT data product, available from EDC and ERSDAC, incorporates crosstalk correction and non-concurrently acquired MODIS water vapor data for atmospheric correction. Spectral accuracy was determined using difference values which were compiled from ASTER band 5/6 and 9/8 ratios of AST_07XT or RefL1b data subtracted from similar ratios calculated for field sample and AVIRIS reflectance data. In addition, Spectral Analyst, a statistical program that utilizes a Spectral Feature Fitting algorithm, was used to quantitatively assess spectral accuracy of AST_07XT and RefL1b data.Spectral Analyst matched more minerals correctly and had higher scores for the RefL1b data than for AST_07XT data. The radiance correction factors used in the RefL1b data corrected a low band 5 reflectance anomaly observed in the AST_07XT and AST_07 data but also produced anomalously high band 5 reflectance in RefL1b spectra with strong band 5 absorption for minerals, such as alunite. Thus, the band 5 anomaly seen in the RefL1b data cannot be corrected using additional gain adjustments. In addition, the use of concurrent MODIS water vapor data in the atmospheric correction of the RefL1b data produced datasets that had lower band 9 reflectance anomalies than the AST_07XT data. Although assessment of spectral data suggests that RefL1b data are more consistent and spectrally more correct than AST_07XT data, the Spectral Analyst results indicate that spectral discrimination between some minerals, such as alunite and kaolinite, are still not possible unless additional spectral calibration using site specific spectral data are performed. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.04.008","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Mars, J., and Rowan, L.C., 2010, Spectral assessment of new ASTER SWIR surface reflectance data products for spectroscopic mapping of rocks and minerals: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 9, p. 2011-2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.04.008.","startPage":"2011","endPage":"2025","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217368,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.04.008"}],"volume":"114","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9537e4b08c986b31ade3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mars, J.C.","contributorId":74833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mars","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowan, L. C.","contributorId":40584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037198,"text":"70037198 - 2010 - Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037198","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall","docAbstract":"The curve number (CN) method is a common technique to estimate runoff volume, and it is widely used in coal mining operations such as those in the Appalachian region of Kentucky. However, very little CN data are available for watersheds disturbed by surface mining and then reclaimed using traditional techniques. Furthermore, as the CN method does not readily account for variations in infiltration rates due to varying rainfall distributions, the selection of a single CN value to encompass all temporal rainfall distributions could lead engineers to substantially under- or over-size water detention structures used in mining operations or other land uses such as development. Using rainfall and runoff data from a surface coal mine located in the Cumberland Plateau of eastern Kentucky, CNs were computed for conventionally reclaimed lands. The effects of temporal rainfall distributions on CNs was also examined by classifying storms as intense, steady, multi-interval intense, or multi-interval steady. Results indicate that CNs for such reclaimed lands ranged from 62 to 94 with a mean value of 85. Temporal rainfall distributions were also shown to significantly affect CN values with intense storms having significantly higher CNs than multi-interval storms. These results indicate that a period of recovery is present between rainfall bursts of a multi-interval storm that allows depressional storage and infiltration rates to rebound. ?? 2010 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00444.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Warner, R., Agouridis, C., Vingralek, P., and Fogle, A., 2010, Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 46, no. 4, p. 724-732, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00444.x.","startPage":"724","endPage":"732","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217399,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00444.x"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9670e4b0c8380cd81fbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, R.C.","contributorId":95304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agouridis, C.T.","contributorId":79338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agouridis","given":"C.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vingralek, P.T.","contributorId":101922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vingralek","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fogle, A.W.","contributorId":96051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogle","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037200,"text":"70037200 - 2010 - Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037200","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission","docAbstract":"The Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission provided geologists with a detailed digital elevation model of most of Earth's land surface. This new database is used here for structural analysis of grooved surfaces interpreted to be the exhumed footwalls of three active or recently active extensional detachment faults. Exhumed fault footwalls, each with an areal extent of one hundred to several hundred square kilometers, make up much of Dayman dome in eastern Papua New Guinea, the western Gurla Mandhata massif in the central Himalaya, and the northern Tokorondo Mountains in central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Footwall curvature in profile varies from planar to slightly convex upward at Gurla Mandhata to strongly convex upward at northwestern Dayman dome. Fault curvature decreases away from the trace of the bounding detachment fault in western Dayman dome and in the Tokorondo massif, suggesting footwall flattening (reduction in curvature) following exhumation. Grooves of highly variable wavelength and amplitude reveal extension direction, although structural processes of groove genesis may be diverse.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/GSATG59A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Spencer, J., 2010, Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission: GSA Today, v. 20, no. 8, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG59A.1.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217428,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GSATG59A.1"}],"volume":"20","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9bc2e4b08c986b31d089","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, J.E.","contributorId":91542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037201,"text":"70037201 - 2010 - Evaluation of the use of performance reference compounds in an oasis-HLB adsorbent based passive sampler for improving water concentration estimates of polar herbicides in freshwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70037201","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the use of performance reference compounds in an oasis-HLB adsorbent based passive sampler for improving water concentration estimates of polar herbicides in freshwater","docAbstract":"Passive samplers such as the Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) are useful tools for monitoring trace levels of polar organic chemicals in aquatic environments. The use of performance reference compounds (PRC) spiked into the POCIS adsorbent for in situ calibration may improve the semiquantitative nature of water concentration estimates based on this type of sampler. In this work, deuterium labeled atrazine-desisopropyl (DIA-d5) was chosen as PRC because of its relatively high fugacity from Oasis HLB (the POCIS adsorbent used) and our earlier evidence of its isotropic exchange. In situ calibration of POCIS spiked with DIA-d5was performed, and the resulting time-weighted average concentration estimates were compared with similar values from an automatic sampler equipped with Oasis HLB cartridges. Before PRC correction, water concentration estimates based on POCIS data sampling ratesfrom a laboratory calibration exposure were systematically lower than the reference concentrations obtained with the automatic sampler. Use of the DIA-d5 PRC data to correct POCIS sampling rates narrowed differences between corresponding values derived from the two methods. Application of PRCs for in situ calibration seems promising for improving POCIS-derived concentration estimates of polar pesticides. However, careful attention must be paid to the minimization of matrix effects when the quantification is performed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. ?? 2010 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es902256m","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Mazzella, N., Lissalde, S., Moreira, S., Delmas, F., Mazellier, P., and Huckins, J., 2010, Evaluation of the use of performance reference compounds in an oasis-HLB adsorbent based passive sampler for improving water concentration estimates of polar herbicides in freshwater: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 5, p. 1713-1719, https://doi.org/10.1021/es902256m.","startPage":"1713","endPage":"1719","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216995,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es902256m"},{"id":244902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0cf8e4b0c8380cd52d82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazzella, N.","contributorId":63244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzella","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lissalde, S.","contributorId":21789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lissalde","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moreira, S.","contributorId":60473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreira","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Delmas, F.","contributorId":74984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delmas","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mazellier, P.","contributorId":46797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazellier","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Huckins, J.N.","contributorId":62553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckins","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037202,"text":"70037202 - 2010 - River solute fluxes reflecting active hydrothermal chemical weathering of the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70037202","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"River solute fluxes reflecting active hydrothermal chemical weathering of the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, USA","docAbstract":"In the past few decades numerous studies have quantified the load of dissolved solids in large rivers to determine chemical weathering rates in orogenic belts and volcanic areas, mainly motivated by the notion that over timescales greater than ~100kyr, silicate hydrolysis may be the dominant sink for atmospheric CO2, thus creating a feedback between climate and weathering. Here, we report the results of a detailed study during water year 2007 (October 1, 2006 to September 30, 2007) in the major rivers of the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field (YPVF) which hosts Earth's largest \"restless\" caldera and over 10,000 thermal features. The chemical compositions of rivers that drain thermal areas in the YPVF differ significantly from the compositions of rivers that drain non-thermal areas. There are large seasonal variations in river chemistry and solute flux, which increases with increasing water discharge. The river chemistry and discharge data collected periodically over an entire year allow us to constrain the annual solute fluxes and to distinguish between low-temperature weathering and hydrothermal flux components. The TDS flux from Yellowstone Caldera in water year 2007 was 93t/km2/year. Extensive magma degassing and hydrothermal interaction with rocks accounts for at least 82% of this TDS flux, 83% of the cation flux and 72% of the HCO3- flux. The low-temperature chemical weathering rate (17t/km2/year), calculated on the assumption that all the Cl- is of thermal origin, could include a component from low-temperature hydrolysis reactions induced by CO2 ascending from depth rather than by atmospheric CO2. Although this uncertainty remains, the calculated low-temperature weathering rate of the young rhyolitic rocks in the Yellowstone Caldera is comparable to the world average of large watersheds that drain also more soluble carbonates and evaporates but is slightly lower than calculated rates in other, less-silicic volcanic regions. Long-term average fluxes at Yellowstone are likely ~20% higher than those in the abnormally dry water year 2007, but the protocol used in this study can be easily adaptable to track future changes in low-temperature weathering and hydrothermal flux components, which could provide better monitoring of magmatic unrest. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.07.001","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., Evans, W.C., and Lowenstern, J.B., 2010, River solute fluxes reflecting active hydrothermal chemical weathering of the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 276, no. 3-4, p. 331-343, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.07.001.","startPage":"331","endPage":"343","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216996,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.07.001"},{"id":244903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"276","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aadb8e4b0c8380cd86f6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurwitz, S.","contributorId":61110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowenstern, J. B.","contributorId":7737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037207,"text":"70037207 - 2010 - Land-use pressure and a transition to forest-cover loss in the Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T14:17:02","indexId":"70037207","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land-use pressure and a transition to forest-cover loss in the Eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Contemporary land-use pressures have a significant impact on the extent and condition of forests in the eastern United States, causing a regional-scale decline in forest cover. Earlier in the 20th century, land cover was on a trajectory of forest expansion that followed agricultural abandonment. However, the potential for forest regeneration has slowed, and the extent of regional forest cover has declined by more than 4.0%. Using remote-sensing data, statistical sampling, and change-detection methods, this research shows how land conversion varies spatially and temporally across the East from 1973–2000, and how those changes affect regional land-change dynamics. The analysis shows that agricultural land use has continued to decline, and that this enables forest recovery; however, an important land-cover transition has occurred, from a mode of regional forest-cover gain to one of forest-cover loss caused by timber cutting cycles, urbanization, and other land-use demands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","doi":"10.1525/bio.2010.60.4.7","issn":"00063568","usgsCitation":"Drummond, M.A., and Loveland, T.R., 2010, Land-use pressure and a transition to forest-cover loss in the Eastern United States: BioScience, v. 60, no. 4, p. 286-298, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2010.60.4.7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"298","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217054,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/bio.2010.60.4.7"}],"volume":"60","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a43c1e4b0c8380cd665bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drummond, Mark A. 0000-0001-7420-3503 madrummond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-3503","contributorId":3053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drummond","given":"Mark","email":"madrummond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037227,"text":"70037227 - 2010 - Carbon dioxide emission factors for U.S. coal by origin and destination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037227","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon dioxide emission factors for U.S. coal by origin and destination","docAbstract":"This paper describes a method that uses published data to calculate locally robust CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors for U.S. coal. The method is demonstrated by calculating CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors by coal origin (223 counties, in 1999) and destination (479 power plants, in 2005). Locally robust CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors should improve the accuracy and verification of greenhouse gas emission measurements from individual coal-fired power plants. Based largely on the county origin, average emission factors for U.S. lignite, subbituminous, bituminous, and anthracite coal produced during 1999 were 92.97,91.97,88.20, and 98.91 kg CO<sub>2</sub>/GJ<sub>gross</sub>, respectively. However, greater variation is observed within these rank classes than between them, which limits the reliability of CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors specified by coal rank. Emission factors calculated by destination (power plant) showed greater variation than those listed in the Emissions &amp; Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID), which exhibit an unlikely uniformity that is inconsistent with the natural variation of CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors for U.S. coal. ?? 2010 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es9027259","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Quick, J., 2010, Carbon dioxide emission factors for U.S. coal by origin and destination: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 7, p. 2709-2714, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9027259.","startPage":"2709","endPage":"2714","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217341,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9027259"},{"id":245284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f35fe4b0c8380cd4b761","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quick, J.C.","contributorId":80848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quick","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}