The development and application of acoustic and optical technologies and of accurate positioning systems in the past 30 years have opened new frontiers in the submarine canyon research communities. This paper reviews several key advancements in both technology and science in the field of currents in submarine canyons since the1979 publication of Currents in Submarine Canyons and Other Sea Valleys by Francis Shepard and colleagues. Precise placements of high-resolution, high-frequency instruments have not only allowed researchers to collect new data that are essential for advancing and generalizing theories governing the canyon currents, but have also revealed new natural phenomena that challenge the understandings of the theorists and experimenters in their predictions of submarine canyon flow fields. Baroclinic motions at tidal frequencies, found to be intensified both up canyon and toward the canyon floor, dominate the flow field and control the sediment transport processes in submarine canyons. Turbidity currents are found to frequently occur in active submarine canyons such as Monterey Canyon. These turbidity currents have maximum speeds of nearly 200 cm/s, much smaller than the speeds of turbidity currents in geological time, but still very destructive. In addition to traditional Eulerian measurements, Lagrangian flow data are essential in quantifying water and sediment transport in submarine canyons. A concerted experiment with multiple monitoring stations along the canyon axis and on nearby shelves is required to characterize the storm-trigger mechanism for turbidity currents.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00640.1","issn":"1553040X","usgsCitation":"Xu, J.P., 2011, Measuring currents in submarine canyons: technological and scientific progress in the past 30 years: Geosphere, v. 7, no. 4, p. 868-876, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00640.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"868","endPage":"876","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025043","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475331,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00640.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218278,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00640.1"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5346e4b0c8380cd6c981","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, J. P.","contributorId":74528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036222,"text":"70036222 - 2011 - Fish entrainment rates through towboat propellers in the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-26T12:53:04.024501","indexId":"70036222","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish entrainment rates through towboat propellers in the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers","docAbstract":"A specially designed net was used to study fish entrainment and injury through towboat propellers in 13 pools of the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers. The net was attached to the stern of a 48.8‐m‐long towboat with twin propellers (in Kort propulsion nozzles), and sampling typically took place while the towboat pushed 15 loaded barges upstream at a time. In total, 254 entrainment samples over 894 km of the 13 study pools were collected. The sampling efforts produced 16,005 fish representing 15 families and at least 44 species; fish ranged in total length from 3 to 123 cm, but only 12.5‐cm or longer fish were analyzed because smaller fish could escape through the mesh of the trawl. Clupeidae (68% of total catch) and Sciaenidae (21%) were the dominant families. We detected no effects of towboat operation variables (speed and engine [i.e., propeller] revolutions per minute [RPM]) on entrainment rate (i.e., fish/km), but entrainment rate showed a wedge‐shaped distribution relative to hydraulic and geomorphic characteristics of the channel. Entrainment rate was low (<1 fish/km) in wide sections of the river, deep water, and swift current (or time periods characterized by faster flow); however, entrainment in narrow sections with shallow, slow water was highly variable and occasionally reached high levels (>30 fish/km). Although total entrainment rate was not related to engine RPM, the probability of being struck by a propeller increased with fish length and engine RPM. Limits on engine RPM in narrow, shallow, and sluggish reaches could reduce entrainment impact, particularly for large‐bodied fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2011.581977","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Jack, K.K., Miranda, L.E., Murphy, C., Wolff, D., Hoover, J., Keevin, T., Maynord, S., and Cornish, M., 2011, Fish entrainment rates through towboat propellers in the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 3, p. 570-581, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.581977.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"570","endPage":"581","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-021895","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.81298828125,\n 43.45291889355465\n ],\n [\n -91.64794921875,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -91.34033203125,\n 43.18114705939968\n ],\n [\n -91.25244140624999,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -90.7470703125,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -90.4833984375,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -90.4833984375,\n 41.82045509614034\n ],\n [\n -90.98876953125,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n -91.4501953125,\n 41.343824581185686\n ],\n [\n -91.34033203125,\n 41.062786068733026\n ],\n [\n -91.62597656249999,\n 40.6306300839918\n ],\n [\n -91.7138671875,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -91.38427734374999,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -91.03271484375,\n 39.14710270770074\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 38.46219172306828\n ],\n [\n -89.912109375,\n 38.28993659801203\n ],\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 38.94232097947902\n ],\n [\n -90.37353515625,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -90.3955078125,\n 39.52099229357195\n ],\n [\n -90.3955078125,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -89.8681640625,\n 40.329795743702064\n ],\n [\n -89.07714843749999,\n 40.83043687764923\n ],\n [\n -89.1650390625,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -89.75830078125,\n 41.45919537950706\n ],\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 42.65012181368022\n ],\n [\n -90.81298828125,\n 43.45291889355465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"140","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1090e4b0c8380cd53d0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jack, Killgore K.","contributorId":104746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jack","given":"Killgore","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, C.E.","contributorId":62062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolff, D.M.","contributorId":29679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hoover, J.J.","contributorId":71037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keevin, T.M.","contributorId":49222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keevin","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Maynord, S.T.","contributorId":85813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maynord","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cornish, M.A.","contributorId":65702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornish","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70036221,"text":"70036221 - 2011 - Simulating adsorption of U(VI) under transient groundwater flow and hydrochemistry: Physical versus chemical nonequilibrium model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T07:50:14","indexId":"70036221","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating adsorption of U(VI) under transient groundwater flow and hydrochemistry: Physical versus chemical nonequilibrium model","docAbstract":"Coupled intragrain diffusional mass transfer and nonlinear surface complexation processes play an important role in the transport behavior of U(VI) in contaminated aquifers. Two alternative model approaches for simulating these coupled processes were analyzed and compared: (1) the physical nonequilibrium approach that explicitly accounts for aqueous speciation and instantaneous surface complexation reactions in the intragrain regions and approximates the diffusive mass exchange between the immobile intragrain pore water and the advective pore water as multirate first-order mass transfer and (2) the chemical nonequilibrium approach that approximates the diffusion-limited intragrain surface complexation reactions by a set of multiple first-order surface complexation reaction kinetics, thereby eliminating the explicit treatment of aqueous speciation in the intragrain pore water. A model comparison has been carried out for column and field scale scenarios, representing the highly transient hydrological and geochemical conditions in the U(VI)-contaminated aquifer at the Hanford 300A site, Washington, USA. It was found that the response of U(VI) mass transfer behavior to hydrogeochemically induced changes in U(VI) adsorption strength was more pronounced in the physical than in the chemical nonequilibrium model. The magnitude of the differences in model behavior depended particularly on the degree of disequilibrium between the advective and immobile phase U(VI) concentrations. While a clear difference in U(VI) transport behavior between the two models was noticeable for the column-scale scenarios, only minor differences were found for the Hanford 300A field scale scenarios, where the model-generated disequilibrium conditions were less pronounced as a result of frequent groundwater flow reversals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2010WR010118","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Greskowiak, J., Hay, M., Prommer, H., Liu, C., Post, V., Ma, R., Davis, J., Zheng, C., and Zachara, J., 2011, Simulating adsorption of U(VI) under transient groundwater flow and hydrochemistry: Physical versus chemical nonequilibrium model: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR010118.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475313,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr010118","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fcae4b08c986b319133","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greskowiak, J.","contributorId":21002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greskowiak","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hay, M.B.","contributorId":30078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prommer, H.","contributorId":12264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prommer","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, C.","contributorId":67755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Post, V.E.A.","contributorId":56078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post","given":"V.E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ma, R.","contributorId":17458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zheng, C.","contributorId":39976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zachara, J.M.","contributorId":96896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zachara","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70034515,"text":"70034515 - 2011 - Large shift in source of fine sediment in the upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T12:12:30.228932","indexId":"70034515","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large shift in source of fine sediment in the upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Although sediment is a natural constituent of rivers, excess loading to rivers and streams is a leading cause of impairment and biodiversity loss. Remedial actions require identification of the sources and mechanisms of sediment supply. This task is complicated by the scale and complexity of large watersheds as well as changes in climate and land use that alter the drivers of sediment supply. Previous studies in Lake Pepin, a natural lake on the Mississippi River, indicate that sediment supply to the lake has increased 10-fold over the past 150 years. Herein we combine geochemical fingerprinting and a suite of geomorphic change detection techniques with a sediment mass balance for a tributary watershed to demonstrate that, although the sediment loading remains very large, the dominant source of sediment has shifted from agricultural soil erosion to accelerated erosion of stream banks and bluffs, driven by increased river discharge. Such hydrologic amplification of natural erosion processes calls for a new approach to watershed sediment modeling that explicitly accounts for channel and floodplain dynamics that amplify or dampen landscape processes. Further, this finding illustrates a new challenge in remediating nonpoint sediment pollution and indicates that management efforts must expand from soil erosion to factors contributing to increased water runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es2019109","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Belmont, P., Gran, K., Schottler, S., Wilcock, P., Day, S., Jennings, C., Lauer, J., Viparelli, E., Willenbring, J., Engstrom, D., and Parker, G., 2011, Large shift in source of fine sediment in the upper Mississippi River: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 20, p. 8804-8810, https://doi.org/10.1021/es2019109.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"8804","endPage":"8810","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4485e4b0c8380cd66b90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belmont, P.","contributorId":67322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belmont","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gran, K.B.","contributorId":44688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gran","given":"K.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schottler, S.P.","contributorId":20491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schottler","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilcock, P.R.","contributorId":36709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcock","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Day, S.S.","contributorId":42805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jennings, C.","contributorId":78536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lauer, J.W.","contributorId":104303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauer","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Viparelli, E.","contributorId":97344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viparelli","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Willenbring, J.K.","contributorId":107960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willenbring","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Engstrom, D.R.","contributorId":88496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engstrom","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Parker, G.","contributorId":31112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70034147,"text":"70034147 - 2011 - Source and fate of inorganic soil contamination around the abandoned Phillips sulfide mine, hudson Highlands, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-25T16:52:19","indexId":"70034147","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3422,"text":"Soil and Sediment Contamination","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source and fate of inorganic soil contamination around the abandoned Phillips sulfide mine, hudson Highlands, New York","docAbstract":"The abandoned Phillips sulfide mine in the critical Highlands watershed in New York has been shown to produce strongly acidic mine drainage (AMD) with anomalous metal contaminants in first-order streams that exceeded local water standards by up to several orders of magnitude (Gilchrist et al., 2009). The metal-sulfide-rich tailings also produce contaminated soils with pH < 4, organic matter < 2.5% and trace metals sequestered in soil oxides. A geochemical transect to test worst-case soil contamination showed that Cr, Co and Ni correlated positively with Mn, (r = 0.72, r= 0.89, r = 0.80, respectively), suggesting Mn-oxide sequestration and that Cu and Pb correlated with Fe (r = 0.76, r = 0.83, respectively), suggesting sequestration in goethite. Ubiquitous, yellow coating on the mine wastes, including jarosite and goethite, is a carrier of the metals. Geochemical and μ-SXRF analyses determined Cu to be the major soil contaminant. μ-SXRF also demonstrated that the heterogeneous nature of the soil chemistry at the micro-meter scale is self-similar to those in the bulk soil samples. Generally metals decreased, with some fluctuations, rapidly downslope through suspension of fines and dissolution in AMD leaving the area of substantial contamination << 0.5 km from the source.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil and Sediment Contamination","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2011.528712","issn":"15320383","usgsCitation":"Gilchrist, S., Gates, A., Elzinga, E., Gorring, M., and Szabo, Z., 2011, Source and fate of inorganic soil contamination around the abandoned Phillips sulfide mine, hudson Highlands, New York: Soil and Sediment Contamination, v. 20, no. 1, p. 54-74, https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2011.528712.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"74","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216663,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2011.528712"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.00390625,\n 41.42728289146282\n ],\n [\n -74.00390625,\n 41.52451550292325\n ],\n [\n -73.87893676757812,\n 41.52451550292325\n ],\n [\n -73.87893676757812,\n 41.42728289146282\n ],\n [\n -74.00390625,\n 41.42728289146282\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b931be4b08c986b31a2c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilchrist, S.","contributorId":34332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilchrist","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gates, A.","contributorId":100203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elzinga, E.","contributorId":10643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elzinga","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gorring, M.","contributorId":35983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorring","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Szabo, Z. 0000-0002-0760-9607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":44302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034523,"text":"70034523 - 2011 - Native and European haplotypes of Phragmites Australis (common reed) in the central Platte River, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T15:54:17.255249","indexId":"70034523","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1859,"text":"Great Plains Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Native and European haplotypes of Phragmites Australis (common reed) in the central Platte River, Nebraska","docAbstract":"Phragmites australis (common reed) is known to have occurred along the Platte River historically, but recent rapid increases in both distribution and density have begun to impact habitat for migrating sandhill cranes and nesting piping plovers and least terns. Invasiveness in Phragmites has been associated with the incursion of a European genotype (haplotype M) in other areas; determining the genotype of Phragmites along the central Platte River has implications for proper management of the river system. In 2008 we sampled Phragmites patches along the central Platte River from Lexington to Chapman, NE, stratified by bridge segments, to determine the current distribution of haplotype E (native) and haplotype M genotypes. In addition, we did a retrospective analysis of historical Phragmites collections from the central Platte watershed (1902—2006) at the Bessey Herbarium. Fresh tissue from the 2008 survey and dried tissue from the herbarium specimens were classified as haplotype M or E using the restriction fragment length polymorphism procedure. The European haplotype was predominant in the 2008 samples: only 14 Phragmites shoots were identified as native haplotype E; 224 were non-native haplotype M. The retrospective analysis revealed primarily native haplotype individuals. Only collections made in Lancaster County, near Lincoln, NE, were haplotype M, and the earliest of these was collected in 1973.
","language":"English","issn":"10525165","usgsCitation":"Larson, D., Galatowitsch, S., and Larson, J., 2011, Native and European haplotypes of Phragmites Australis (common reed) in the central Platte River, Nebraska: Great Plains Research, v. 21, no. 2, p. 175-180.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"180","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Central Platte River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 41.025499378313754\n ],\n [\n -98.7725830078125,\n 40.749337730454826\n ],\n [\n -99.2230224609375,\n 40.70562793820589\n ],\n [\n -99.61578369140625,\n 40.734770989672406\n ],\n [\n -100.14862060546875,\n 40.96538194577488\n ],\n [\n -100.5084228515625,\n 41.104190944576466\n ],\n [\n -100.64300537109375,\n 41.155910350545035\n ],\n [\n -100.69244384765625,\n 41.07728074262537\n ],\n [\n -99.67071533203125,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -99.1900634765625,\n 40.61603737424187\n ],\n [\n -98.69842529296875,\n 40.63896734381723\n ],\n [\n -98.12164306640625,\n 40.867833841384936\n ],\n [\n -98.04473876953125,\n 40.95708558389897\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 41.025499378313754\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a62a8e4b0c8380cd72040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, D.L. 0000-0001-5202-0634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":69501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":446198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galatowitsch, S.M.","contributorId":71412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galatowitsch","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, J.L.","contributorId":42549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036220,"text":"70036220 - 2011 - When a habitat freezes solid: Microorganisms over-winter within the ice column of a coastal Antarctic lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T19:00:55.472491","indexId":"70036220","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1619,"text":"FEMS Microbiology Ecology","onlineIssn":"1574-6941","printIssn":"0168-6496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"When a habitat freezes solid: Microorganisms over-winter within the ice column of a coastal Antarctic lake","docAbstract":"A major impediment to understanding the biology of microorganisms inhabiting Antarctic environments is the logistical constraint of conducting field work primarily during the summer season. However, organisms that persist throughout the year encounter severe environmental changes between seasons. In an attempt to bridge this gap, we collected ice core samples from Pony Lake in early November 2004 when the lake was frozen solid to its base, providing an archive for the biological and chemical processes that occurred during winter freezeup. The ice contained bacteria and virus-like particles, while flagellated algae and ciliates over-wintered in the form of inactive cysts and spores. Both bacteria and algae were metabolically active in the ice core melt water. Bacterial production ranged from 1.8 to 37.9 μg C L−1 day−1. Upon encountering favorable growth conditions in the melt water, primary production ranged from 51 to 931 μg C L−1 day−1. Because of the strong H2S odor and the presence of closely related anaerobic organisms assigned to Pony Lake bacterial 16S rRNA gene clones, we hypothesize that the microbial assemblage was strongly affected by oxygen gradients, which ultimately restricted the majority of phylotypes to distinct strata within the ice column. This study provides evidence that the microbial community over-winters in the ice column of Pony Lake and returns to a highly active metabolic state when spring melt is initiated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01061.x","issn":"01686496","usgsCitation":"Foreman, C., Dieser, M., Greenwood, M., Cory, R., Laybourn-Parry, J., Lisle, J.T., Jaros, C., Miller, P., Chin, Y., and McKnight, D.M., 2011, When a habitat freezes solid: Microorganisms over-winter within the ice column of a coastal Antarctic lake: FEMS Microbiology Ecology, v. 76, no. 3, p. 401-412, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01061.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"412","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475128,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01061.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218218,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01061.x"}],"volume":"76","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd04fe4b08c986b32eda8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foreman, C.M.","contributorId":72633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dieser, M.","contributorId":95314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieser","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greenwood, M.","contributorId":100665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cory, R.M.","contributorId":72186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cory","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Laybourn-Parry, J.","contributorId":46715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laybourn-Parry","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jaros, C.","contributorId":22184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaros","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, P.L.","contributorId":103912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chin, Y.-P.","contributorId":84911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chin","given":"Y.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":454951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70036211,"text":"70036211 - 2011 - Distribution, population status and trends of Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in Lower Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T10:49:31","indexId":"70036211","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Distribution, population status and trends of Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in Lower Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, Alaska","title":"Distribution, population status and trends of Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in Lower Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"Lower Cook Inlet (LCI) in south-central Alaska is unusual among the breeding areas of Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris because of human impacts on the marine and terrestrial environments and because of the lack of tidewater glaciers. In LCI the Kittlitz's Murrelet co-exists with the more abundant Marbled Murrelet, which complicates abundance estimates because of the difficulty of species identification. We compared survey data for an area with overlapping coverage in LCI (Core area) in 1993 (June) and from 1996 to 1999 (July-early August). Within this LCI Core area, the surveys in 1996-1999 estimated ~1600 Kittlitz's Murrelets and ~17 000 Marbled Murrelets, including prorated unidentified murrelets. The Kittlitz's Murrelet population declined between 1993 and 1999 at 26% per annum (84% overall). Simultaneously, Marbled Murrelets declined by 12% per annum (56% overall), though the decline was not statistically significant. Declines were estimated conservatively because the 1993 survey was conducted in June, when both murrelet species are less abundant on the water. We also surveyed Kachemak Bay, a large embayment of LCI, during mid-summer (July) of 2005-2007 and estimated a population of 2047 Kittlitz's Murrelets (SD 1120, n = 3 years) residing primarily in the inner bay. Marbled Murrelets numbered 11 040 (SD 1306) and were found throughout the bay. On one transect set in inner Kachemak Bay, Kittlitz's Murrelet density in late summer (1-16 August) declined 7.5% per annum between 1988 and 2007 (n = 6 years), and Marbled Murrelet density increased 4.9% per annum. On two other transect sets in the inner bay, however, neither murrelet species showed a change in density between 1996 and 2007. Inner Kachemak Bay is a persistent hotspot for Kittlitz's Murrelet and may attract murrelets from LCI and beyond. We recommend monitoring murrelet populations in Kachemak Bay, although Kittlitz's Murrelets likely move between the main body of Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, and a complete LCI survey is needed to gauge regional population trends.","language":"English","issn":"10183337","usgsCitation":"Kuletz, K.J., Speckman, S., Piatt, J.F., and Labunski, E., 2011, Distribution, population status and trends of Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in Lower Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, Alaska: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 39, no. 1, p. 85-95.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"95","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0322e4b0c8380cd50365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuletz, Kathy J.","contributorId":24669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuletz","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Labunski, E.A.","contributorId":97750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labunski","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035616,"text":"70035616 - 2011 - Diel variation of selenium and arsenic in a wetland of the Great Salt Lake, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-23T18:24:27.580893","indexId":"70035616","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel variation of selenium and arsenic in a wetland of the Great Salt Lake, Utah","docAbstract":"Diel (24-h) changes in Se and As concentrations in a freshwater wetland pond bordering the Great Salt Lake (GSL) were examined. Selenium concentrations (filtered and unfiltered) changed on a diel basis, i.e., were depleted during early morning and enriched during daytime over August 17–18. During the May 24–25, 2006 and September 29–30 diel studies, no significant 24-h trends were observed in Se concentrations compared to August, which showed daily maximums up to 59% greater than the daily minimum. Both filtered and unfiltered As concentrations also varied on a diel cycle, with increased concentrations during early morning and decreased concentrations during daytime. Filtered As concentrations increased 110% during the May 24–25, 2006 diel study. Selenium varied in phase with pH, dissolved O2 (DO), and water temperature (Tw) whereas As varied opposite to Se, pH, DO and Tw. Changes in pH, DO and Tw showed a direct linear correlation (r = 0.74, 0.75, and 0.55, respectively) to filtered Se. Also pH, DO and Tw were inversely correlated to filtered As concentration (r = −0.88, −0.87, and −0.84, respectively). Equilibrium geochemical speciation and sorption models were used to examine the potential oxidation state changes in Se and As, and sorption and desorption reactions corresponding to the observed 24-h variations in pe and pH. In this wetland it was postulated that diel Se variation was driven by sorption and desorption due to photosynthesis-induced changes in pH and redox conditions. Diel variations of As were hypothesized to be linked to pH-driven sorption and desorption as well as co-precipitation and co-dissolution with mineral phases of Mn.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.10.011","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Dicataldo, G., Johnson, W., Naftz, D.L., Hayes, D., Moellmer, W., and Miller, T., 2011, Diel variation of selenium and arsenic in a wetland of the Great Salt Lake, Utah: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, no. 1, p. 28-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.10.011.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216423,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.10.011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.5986328125,\n 40.48038142908172\n ],\n [\n -111.24755859375,\n 40.48038142908172\n ],\n [\n -111.24755859375,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -113.5986328125,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -113.5986328125,\n 40.48038142908172\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00c4e4b0c8380cd4f8f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dicataldo, G.","contributorId":35567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dicataldo","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.P.","contributorId":43315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, D.F.","contributorId":13063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moellmer, W.O.","contributorId":80927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moellmer","given":"W.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, T.","contributorId":92749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034528,"text":"70034528 - 2011 - Source and Delivery of Nutrients to Receiving Waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic Regions of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T21:26:08.234507","indexId":"70034528","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source and Delivery of Nutrients to Receiving Waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic Regions of the United States","docAbstract":"This study investigates nutrient sources and transport to receiving waters, in order to provide spatially detailed information to aid water‐resources managers concerned with eutrophication and nutrient management strategies. SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) nutrient models were developed for the Northeastern and Mid‐Atlantic (NE US) regions of the United States to represent source conditions for the year 2002. The model developed to examine the source and delivery of nitrogen to the estuaries of nine large rivers along the NE US Seaboard indicated that agricultural sources contribute the largest percentage (37%) of the total nitrogen load delivered to the estuaries. Point sources account for 28% while atmospheric deposition accounts for 20%. A second SPARROW model was used to examine the sources and delivery of phosphorus to lakes and reservoirs throughout the NE US. The greatest attenuation of phosphorus occurred in lakes that were large relative to the size of their watershed. Model results show that, within the NE US, aquatic decay of nutrients is quite limited on an annual basis and that we especially cannot rely on natural attenuation to remove nutrients within the larger rivers nor within lakes with large watersheds relative to the size of the lake.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Moore, R.B., Johnston, C.M., Smith, R.A., and Milstead, B., 2011, Source and Delivery of Nutrients to Receiving Waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic Regions of the United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 965-990, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"965","endPage":"990","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487222,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215558,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x"}],"volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9318e4b08c986b31a2b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, C. M.","contributorId":97524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milstead, B.","contributorId":30842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milstead","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034530,"text":"70034530 - 2011 - Recent advances in the hydrostratigraphy of paleozoic bedrock in the midwestern united states","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034530","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Recent advances in the hydrostratigraphy of paleozoic bedrock in the midwestern united states","docAbstract":"Recent hydrostratigraphic researches have made it possible to acquire knowledge about the relatively undeformed Paleozoic bedrock that forms the most widely used aquifers in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Ongoing evaluation of the Cambrian Eau Claire Formation in southern Wisconsin has caused the formation to be considered a major regional aquitard. Subsurface logs indicate that its thickness ranges from absent to <75 m, and parts of the formation yield significant amounts of water to wells. A key part of modern aquitard hydrogeology is the integration of multi-level hydraulic head measurements into hydrostratigraphic analysis. In south-central Wisconsin, regional groundwater withdrawals from the confined Mount Simon aquifer have created a regional cone of depression. Regional groundwater modeling has demonstrated that this relatively thin unit exerts a major control on regional groundwater flow in the ??300-m-thick bedrock aquifer system and that it is critical in protecting deep wells from contamination.","largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G122A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Bradbury, K.R., and Runkel, A.C., 2011, Recent advances in the hydrostratigraphy of paleozoic bedrock in the midwestern united states, in GSA Today, v. 21, no. 9, p. 10-12, https://doi.org/10.1130/G122A.1.","startPage":"10","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G122A.1"},{"id":243404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95e1e4b0c8380cd81cb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradbury, K. R.","contributorId":86070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Anthony C.","contributorId":63186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034532,"text":"70034532 - 2011 - Storage as a Metric of Catchment Comparison","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T21:09:39.262456","indexId":"70034532","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Storage as a Metric of Catchment Comparison","docAbstract":"The volume of water stored within a catchment, and its partitioning among groundwater, soil moisture, snowpack, vegetation, and surface water are the variables that ultimately characterize the state of the hydrologic system. Accordingly, storage may provide useful metrics for catchment comparison. Unfortunately, measuring and predicting the amount of water present in a catchment is seldom done; tracking the dynamics of these stores is even rarer. Storage moderates fluxes and exerts critical controls on a wide range of hydrologic and biologic functions of a catchment. While understanding runoff generation and other processes by which catchments release water will always be central to hydrologic science, it is equally essential to understand how catchments retain water. We have initiated a catchment comparison exercise to begin assessing the value of viewing catchments from the storage perspective. The exercise is based on existing data from five watersheds, no common experimental design, and no integrated modelling efforts. Rather, storage was estimated independently for each site. This briefing presents some initial results of the exercise, poses questions about the definitions and importance of storage and the storage perspective, and suggests future directions for ongoing activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8113","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"McNamara, J.P., Tetzlaff, D., Bishop, K., Soulsby, C., Seyfried, M., Peters, N., Aulenbach, B., and Hooper, R., 2011, Storage as a Metric of Catchment Comparison: Hydrological Processes, v. 25, no. 21, p. 3364-3371, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8113.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3364","endPage":"3371","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215622,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8113"}],"volume":"25","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b986de4b08c986b31c01f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNamara, J. P.","contributorId":105551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNamara","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tetzlaff, D.","contributorId":106622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tetzlaff","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bishop, K.","contributorId":43191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Soulsby, C.","contributorId":40713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulsby","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seyfried, M.","contributorId":51119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seyfried","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Aulenbach, Brent T.","contributorId":62766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aulenbach","given":"Brent T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hooper, R.","contributorId":40036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70036200,"text":"70036200 - 2011 - Evidence of two genetic clusters of manatees with low genetic diversity in Mexico and implications for their conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T19:57:43.863748","indexId":"70036200","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1739,"text":"Genetica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of two genetic clusters of manatees with low genetic diversity in Mexico and implications for their conservation","docAbstract":"The Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) occupies the tropical coastal waters of the Greater Antilles and Caribbean, extending from Mexico along Central and South America to Brazil. Historically, manatees were abundant in Mexico, but hunting during the pre-Columbian period, the Spanish colonization and throughout the history of Mexico, has resulted in the significantly reduced population occupying Mexico today. The genetic structure, using microsatellites, shows the presence of two populations in Mexico: the Gulf of Mexico (GMx) and Chetumal Bay (ChB) on the Caribbean coast, with a zone of admixture in between. Both populations show low genetic diversity (GMx: NA = 2.69; HE = 0.41 and ChB: NA = 3.0; HE = 0.46). The lower genetic diversity found in the GMx, the largest manatee population in Mexico, is probably due to a combination of a founder effect, as this is the northern range of the sub-species of T. m. manatus, and a bottleneck event. The greater genetic diversity observed along the Caribbean coast, which also has the smallest estimated number of individuals, is possibly due to manatees that come from the GMx and Belize. There is evidence to support limited or unidirectional gene flow between these two important areas. The analyses presented here also suggest minimal evidence of a handful of individual migrants possibly between Florida and Mexico. To address management issues we suggest considering two distinct genetic populations in Mexico, one along the Caribbean coast and one in the riverine systems connected to the GMx.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10709-011-9583-z","issn":"00166707","usgsCitation":"Nourisson, C., Morales-Vela, B., Padilla-Saldivar, J., Tucker, K., Clark, A., Olivera-Gomez, L.D., Bonde, R.K., and McGuire, P., 2011, Evidence of two genetic clusters of manatees with low genetic diversity in Mexico and implications for their conservation: Genetica, v. 139, no. 7, p. 833-842, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-011-9583-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"833","endPage":"842","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218363,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10709-011-9583-z"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Coastal waters of the Greater Antilles and Caribbean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.525390625,\n 17.056784609942554\n ],\n [\n -85.78125,\n 17.056784609942554\n ],\n [\n -85.78125,\n 22.105998799750566\n ],\n [\n -98.525390625,\n 22.105998799750566\n ],\n [\n -98.525390625,\n 17.056784609942554\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"139","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d6fe4b0c8380cd52ffe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nourisson, C.","contributorId":103873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nourisson","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morales-Vela, B.","contributorId":32481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morales-Vela","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Padilla-Saldivar, J.","contributorId":77403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Padilla-Saldivar","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tucker, K.P.","contributorId":98449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, A.","contributorId":50476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olivera-Gomez, L. D.","contributorId":98156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olivera-Gomez","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bonde, Robert K. 0000-0001-9179-4376 rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McGuire, P.","contributorId":65039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70034533,"text":"70034533 - 2011 - Waves and tides responsible for the intermittent closure of the entrance of a small, sheltered tidal wetland at San Francisco, CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T21:04:01.705421","indexId":"70034533","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waves and tides responsible for the intermittent closure of the entrance of a small, sheltered tidal wetland at San Francisco, CA","docAbstract":"Crissy Field Marsh (CFM; http://www.nps.gov/prsf/planyourvisit/crissy-field-marsh-and-beach.htm) is a small, restored tidal wetland located in the entrance to San Francisco Bay just east of the Golden Gate. The marsh is small but otherwise fairly typical of many such restored wetlands worldwide. The marsh is hydraulically connected to the bay and the adjacent Pacific Ocean by a narrow sandy channel. The channel often migrates and sometimes closes completely, which effectively blocks the tidal connection to the ocean and disrupts the hydraulics and ecology of the marsh. Field measurements of waves and tides have been examined in order to evaluate the conditions responsible for the intermittent closure of the marsh entrance. The most important factor found to bring about the entrance channel closure is the occurrence of large ocean waves. However, there were also a few closure events during times with relatively small offshore waves. Examination of the deep-water directional wave spectra during these times indicates the presence of a small secondary peak corresponding to long period swell from the southern hemisphere, indicating that CFM and San Francisco Bay in general may be more susceptible to long period ocean swell emanating from the south or southwest than the more common ocean waves coming from the northwest. The tidal records during closure events show no strong relationship between closures and tides, other than that closures tend to occur during multi-day periods with successively increasing high tides. It can be inferred from these findings that the most important process to the intermittent closure of the entrance to CFM is littoral sediment transport driven by the influence of ocean swell waves breaking along the CFM shoreline at oblique angles. During periods of large, oblique waves the littoral transport of sand likely overwhelms the scour potential of the tidal flow in the entrance channel.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2011.07.004","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Hanes, D., Ward, K., and Erikson, L.H., 2011, Waves and tides responsible for the intermittent closure of the entrance of a small, sheltered tidal wetland at San Francisco, CA: Continental Shelf Research, v. 31, no. 16, p. 1682-1687, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2011.07.004.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1682","endPage":"1687","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.6953125,\n 37.48793540168987\n ],\n [\n -122.18170166015625,\n 37.48793540168987\n ],\n [\n -122.18170166015625,\n 37.920367835943516\n ],\n [\n -122.6953125,\n 37.920367835943516\n ],\n [\n -122.6953125,\n 37.48793540168987\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcfa4e4b08c986b32ea0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, K.","contributorId":95715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erikson, L. H.","contributorId":21366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034541,"text":"70034541 - 2011 - Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70034541","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes","docAbstract":"The Minnesota River Valley was carved during catastrophic drainage of glacial Lake Agassiz at the end of the late Pleistocene. The ensuing base-level drop on tributaries created knickpoints that excavated deep valleys as they migrated upstream. A sediment budget compiled in one of these tributaries, the Le Sueur River, shows that these deep valleys are now the primary source of sediment to the Minnesota River. To compare modern sediment loads with pre-European settlement erosion rates, we analyzed incision history using fluvial terrace ages to constrain a valley incision model. Results indicate that even thoughthe dominant sediment sources are derived from natural sources (bluffs, ravines, and streambanks), erosion rates have increased substantially, due in part to pervasive changes in watershed hydrology.","largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G121A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Gran, K., Belmont, P., Day, S., Finnegan, N., Jennings, C., Lauer, J., and Wilcock, P., 2011, Landscape evolution in south-central Minnesota and the role of geomorphic history on modern erosional processes, in GSA Today, v. 21, no. 9, p. 7-9, https://doi.org/10.1130/G121A.1.","startPage":"7","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215743,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G121A.1"}],"volume":"21","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a440ee4b0c8380cd66800","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gran, K.B.","contributorId":44688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gran","given":"K.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belmont, P.","contributorId":67322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belmont","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, S.S.","contributorId":42805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finnegan, N.","contributorId":106727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finnegan","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jennings, C.","contributorId":78536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lauer, J.W.","contributorId":104303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauer","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilcock, P.R.","contributorId":36709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcock","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034548,"text":"70034548 - 2011 - Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:48:19.267284","indexId":"70034548","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Groundwater contamination by tetrachloroethene and its dechlorination products is present in two partially intermingled plumes in the surficial aquifer near a former dry‐cleaning facility at Site 45, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina. The northern plume originates from the vicinity of former above‐ground storage tanks. Free‐phase tetrachloroethene from activities in this area entered the groundwater. The southern plume originates at a nearby, new dry‐cleaning facility, but probably was the result of contamination released to the aquifer from a leaking sanitary sewer line from the former dry‐cleaning facility. Discharge of dissolved groundwater contamination is primarily to leaking storm sewers below the water table. The strong influence of sanitary sewers on source distribution and of storm sewers on plume orientation and discharge at this site indicates that groundwater‐contamination investigators should consider the potential influence of sewer systems at their sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x","issn":"10693629","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D., Petkewich, M., Lowery, M., and Landmeyer, J., 2011, Sewers as a source and sink of chlorinated-solvent groundwater contamination, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 31, no. 4, p. 63-69, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215859,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01349.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.76324462890625,\n 32.29322744284225\n ],\n [\n -80.76324462890625,\n 32.371262806414045\n ],\n [\n -80.65750122070312,\n 32.371262806414045\n ],\n [\n -80.65750122070312,\n 32.29322744284225\n ],\n [\n -80.76324462890625,\n 32.29322744284225\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d8be4b08c986b318490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, D.A.","contributorId":101691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petkewich, M.D.","contributorId":89927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowery, M.A.","contributorId":56754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowery","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. 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E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034164,"text":"70034164 - 2011 - Abundance, stock origin, and length of marked and unmarked juvenile Chinook salmon in the surface waters of greater Puget Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T15:28:29.780202","indexId":"70034164","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance, stock origin, and length of marked and unmarked juvenile Chinook salmon in the surface waters of greater Puget Sound","docAbstract":"This study focuses on the use by juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha of the rarely studied neritic environment (surface waters overlaying the sublittoral zone) in greater Puget Sound. Juvenile Chinook salmon inhabit the sound from their late estuarine residence and early marine transition to their first year at sea. We measured the density, origin, and size of marked (known hatchery) and unmarked (majority naturally spawned) juveniles by means of monthly surface trawls at six river mouth estuaries in Puget Sound and the areas in between. Juvenile Chinook salmon were present in all months sampled (April–November). Unmarked fish in the northern portion of the study area showed broader seasonal distributions of density than did either marked fish in all areas or unmarked fish in the central and southern portions of the sound. Despite these temporal differences, the densities of marked fish appeared to drive most of the total density estimates across space and time. Genetic analysis and coded wire tag data provided us with documented individuals from at least 16 source populations and indicated that movement patterns and apparent residence time were, in part, a function of natal location and time passed since the release of these fish from hatcheries. Unmarked fish tended to be smaller than marked fish and had broader length frequency distributions. The lengths of unmarked fish were negatively related to the density of both marked and unmarked Chinook salmon, but those of marked fish were not. These results indicate more extensive use of estuarine environments by wild than by hatchery juvenile Chinook salmon as well as differential use (e.g., rearing and migration) of various geographic regions of greater Puget Sound by juvenile Chinook salmon in general. In addition, the results for hatchery‐generated timing, density, and length differences have implications for the biological interactions between hatchery and wild fish throughout Puget Sound.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2010.550253","usgsCitation":"Rice, C.A., Greene, C., Moran, P., Teel, D., Kuligowski, D., Reisenbichler, R.R., Beamer, E., Karr, J., and Fresh, K., 2011, Abundance, stock origin, and length of marked and unmarked juvenile Chinook salmon in the surface waters of greater Puget Sound: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 1, p. 170-189, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2010.550253.","startPage":"170","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378341,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1080/00028487.2010.550253"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.17321777343749,\n 46.99524110694593\n ],\n [\n -122.1514892578125,\n 46.99524110694593\n ],\n [\n -122.1514892578125,\n 48.93693495409401\n ],\n [\n -123.17321777343749,\n 48.93693495409401\n ],\n [\n -123.17321777343749,\n 46.99524110694593\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"140","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e660e4b0c8380cd47399","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, C. 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However, the non-welded Cerro Galán Ignimbrite at Paycuqui, Argentina, contains well-developed columnar joints that are instead due to high-temperature vapor-phase alteration of the deposit, where devitrification and vapor-phase crystallization have increased the density and cohesion of the upper half of the section. Thermal remanent magnetization analyses of entrained lithic clasts indicate high emplacement temperatures, above 630°C, but the lack of welding textures indicates temperatures below the glass transition temperature. In order to remain below the glass transition at 630°C, the minimum cooling rate prior to deposition was 3.0 × 10−3–8.5 × 10−2°C/min (depending on the experimental data used for comparison). Alternatively, if the deposit was emplaced above the glass transition temperature, conductive cooling alone was insufficient to prevent welding. Crack patterns (average, 4.5 sides to each polygon) and column diameters (average, 75 cm) are consistent with relatively rapid cooling, where advective heat loss due to vapor fluxing increases cooling over simple conductive heat transfer. The presence of regularly spaced, complex radiating joint patterns is consistent with fumarolic gas rise, where volatiles originated in the valley-confined drainage system below. Joint spacing is a proxy for cooling rates and is controlled by depositional thickness/valley width. We suggest that the formation of joints in high-temperature, non-welded deposits is aided by the presence of underlying external water, where vapor transfer causes crystallization in pore spaces, densifies the deposit, and helps prevent welding.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-011-0524-6","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Wright, H.M., Lesti, C., Cas, R.A., Porreca, M., Viramonte, J.G., Folkes, C.B., and Giordano, G., 2011, Columnar jointing in vapor-phase-altered, non-welded Cerro Galán Ignimbrite, Paycuqui, Argentina: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 73, no. 10, p. 1567-1582, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0524-6.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1567","endPage":"1582","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487788,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11336/14542","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216068,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0524-6"}],"country":"Argentina","otherGeospatial":"Cerro Galán","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.587890625,\n -26.017297563851734\n ],\n [\n -67.587890625,\n -25.22482017676502\n ],\n [\n -66.610107421875,\n -25.22482017676502\n ],\n [\n -66.610107421875,\n -26.017297563851734\n ],\n [\n -67.587890625,\n -26.017297563851734\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7d0e4b0c8380cd4ccfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Heather M. 0000-0001-9013-507X hwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-507X","contributorId":3949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Heather","email":"hwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lesti, Chiara","contributorId":24577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesti","given":"Chiara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cas, Ray A.F.","contributorId":44361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cas","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Porreca, Massimiliano","contributorId":17840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porreca","given":"Massimiliano","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Viramonte, Jose G.","contributorId":72211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viramonte","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Folkes, Christopher B.","contributorId":62032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folkes","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Giordano, Guido","contributorId":100202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giordano","given":"Guido","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034556,"text":"70034556 - 2011 - A Regional Modeling Framework of Phosphorus Sources and Transport in Streams of the Southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:43:17.608421","indexId":"70034556","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Regional Modeling Framework of Phosphorus Sources and Transport in Streams of the Southeastern United States","docAbstract":"We applied the SPARROW model to estimate phosphorus transport from catchments to stream reaches and subsequent delivery to major receiving water bodies in the Southeastern United States (U.S.). We show that six source variables and five land‐to‐water transport variables are significant (p < 0.05) in explaining 67% of the variability in long‐term log‐transformed mean annual phosphorus yields. Three land‐to‐water variables are a subset of landscape characteristics that have been used as transport factors in phosphorus indices developed by state agencies and are identified through experimental research as influencing land‐to‐water phosphorus transport at field and plot scales. Two land‐to‐water variables – soil organic matter and soil pH – are associated with phosphorus sorption, a significant finding given that most state‐developed phosphorus indices do not explicitly contain variables for sorption processes. Our findings for Southeastern U.S. streams emphasize the importance of accounting for phosphorus present in the soil profile to predict attainable instream water quality. Regional estimates of phosphorus associated with soil‐parent rock were highly significant in explaining instream phosphorus yield variability. Model predictions associate 31% of phosphorus delivered to receiving water bodies to geology and the highest total phosphorus yields in the Southeast were catchments with already high background levels that have been impacted by human activity.
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The contaminant plume was delineated using dissolved gases, redox sensitive components, major ions, carbon isotope ratios in CH4 and CO2, and the presence of methanotrophic bacteria. Sharp redox gradients were observed near the water table. Shifts in δ13CCH4 from an average of − 57.6‰ (± 1.7‰) in the methanogenic zone to − 39.6‰ (± 8.7‰) at 105 m downgradient, strongly suggest CH4 attenuation through microbially mediated degradation. In the downgradient zone the aerobic/anaerobic transition is up to 0.5 m below the water table suggesting that transport of O2 across the water table is leading to aerobic degradation of CH4 at this interface. Dissolved N2 concentrations that exceeded those expected for water in equilibrium with the atmosphere indicated bubble entrapment followed by preferential stripping of O2 through aerobic degradation of CH4 or other hydrocarbons. Multivariate and cluster analysis were used to distinguish between areas of significant bubble entrapment and areas where other processes such as the infiltration of O2 rich recharge water were important O2 transport mechanisms.
Field biostimulation experiments at the U.S. Department of Energy's Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site in Rifle, Colorado, have demonstrated that uranium concentrations in groundwater can be decreased to levels below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) drinking water standard (0.126 μM). During successive summer experiments – referred to as “Winchester” (2007) and “Big Rusty” (2008) - acetate was added to the aquifer to stimulate the activity of indigenous dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria capable of reductively immobilizing uranium. The two experiments differed in the length of injection (31 vs. 110 days), the maximum concentration of acetate (5 vs. 30 mM), and the extent to which iron reduction (“Winchester”) or sulfate reduction (“Big Rusty”) was the predominant metabolic process. In both cases, rapid removal of U(VI) from groundwater occurred at calcium concentrations (6 mM) and carbonate alkalinities (8 meq/L) where Ca-UO2-CO3 ternary complexes constitute >90% of uranyl species in groundwater. Complete consumption of acetate and increased alkalinity (>30 meq/L) accompanying the onset of sulfate reduction corresponded to temporary increases in U(VI); however, by increasing acetate concentrations in excess of available sulfate (10 mM), low U(VI) concentrations (0.1–0.05 μM) were achieved for extended periods of time (>140 days). Uniform delivery of acetate during “Big Rusty” was impeded due to decreases in injection well permeability, likely resulting from biomass accumulation and carbonate and sulfide mineral precipitation. Such decreases were not observed during the short-duration “Winchester” experiment. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis of 16S rRNA genes demonstrated that Geobacter sp. and Geobacter-like strains dominated the groundwater community profile during iron reduction, with 13C stable isotope probing (SIP) results confirming these strains were actively utilizing acetate to replicate their genome during the period of optimal U(VI) removal. Gene transcript levels during “Big Rusty” were quantified for Geobacter-specific citrate synthase (gltA), with ongoing transcription during sulfate reduction indicating that members of the Geobacteraceae were still active and likely contributing to U(VI) removal. The persistence of reducible Fe(III) in sediments recovered from an area of prolonged (110-day) sulfate reduction is consistent with this conclusion. These results indicate that acetate availability and its ability to sustain the activity of iron- and uranyl-respiring Geobacter strains during sulfate reduction exerts a primary control on optimized U(VI) removal from groundwater at the Rifle IFRC site over extended time scales (>50 days).
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/01490451.2010.520074","issn":"01490451","usgsCitation":"Williams, K., Long, P., Davis, J., Wilkins, M., N’Guessan, A.L., Steefel, C., Yang, L., Newcomer, D., Spane, F., Kerkhof, L., Mcguinness, L., Dayvault, R., and Lovley, D.R., 2011, Acetate availability and its influence on sustainable bioremediation of Uranium-contaminated groundwater: Geomicrobiology Journal, v. 28, no. 5-6, p. 519-539, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2010.520074.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"519","endPage":"539","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218189,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2010.520074"}],"volume":"28","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e68de4b0c8380cd474c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, K.H.","contributorId":89386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, P.E.","contributorId":37514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilkins, M.J.","contributorId":46292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkins","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"N’Guessan, A. L.","contributorId":83775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"N’Guessan","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steefel, Carl","contributorId":66932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steefel","given":"Carl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6670,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":454740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yang, L.","contributorId":6200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Newcomer, D.","contributorId":9900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newcomer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Spane, F.A.","contributorId":87792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spane","given":"F.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kerkhof, L.J.","contributorId":77314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerkhof","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mcguinness, L.","contributorId":62445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcguinness","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Dayvault, R.","contributorId":14673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dayvault","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70036175,"text":"70036175 - 2011 - Scale-dependent factors affecting North American river otter distribution in the midwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T16:48:27.777773","indexId":"70036175","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scale-dependent factors affecting North American river otter distribution in the midwest","docAbstract":"The North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) is recovering from near extirpation throughout much of its range. Although reintroductions, trapping regulations and habitat improvements have led to the reestablishment of river otters in the Midwest, little is known about how their distribution is influenced by local- and landscape-scale habitat. We conducted river otter sign surveys from Jan. to Apr. in 2008 and 2009 in eastern Kansas to assess how local- and landscape-scale habitat factors affect river otter occupancy. We surveyed three to nine 400-m stretches of stream and reservoir shorelines for 110 sites and measured local-scale variables (e.g., stream order, land cover types) within a 100 m buffer of the survey site and landscape-scale variables (e.g., road density, land cover types) for Hydrological Unit Code 14 watersheds. We then used occupancy models that account for the probability of detection to estimate occupancy as a function of these covariates using Program PRESENCE. The best-fitting model indicated river otter occupancy increased with the proportion of woodland cover and decreased with the proportion of cropland and grassland cover at the local scale. Occupancy also increased with decreased shoreline diversity, waterbody density and stream density at the landscape scale. Occupancy was not affected by land cover or human disturbance at the landscape scale. Understanding the factors and scale important to river otter occurrence will be useful in identifying areas for management and continued restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-166.1.177","usgsCitation":"Jeffress, M.R., Paukert, C.P., Whittier, J.B., Sandercock, B.K., and Gipson, P.S., 2011, Scale-dependent factors affecting North American river otter distribution in the midwest: American Midland Naturalist, v. 166, no. 1, p. 177-193, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-166.1.177.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"193","ipdsId":"IP-015089","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":352,"text":"Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -94.32861328125,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -94.32861328125,\n 37.71859032558816\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -94.7515869140625,\n 39.7240885773337\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 39.93501296038254\n ],\n [\n -95.11962890625,\n 39.918162846609455\n ],\n [\n -95.29541015625,\n 40.027614437486655\n ],\n [\n -97.05322265625,\n 40.027614437486655\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -96.48193359375,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 36.98500309285596\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"166","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b870de4b08c986b31629b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jeffress, Mackenzie R.","contributorId":67346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffress","given":"Mackenzie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":352,"text":"Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":454642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545 cpaukert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":147821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","email":"cpaukert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whittier, Joanna B.","contributorId":53151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittier","given":"Joanna","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sandercock, B. K.","contributorId":61382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sandercock","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gipson, P. S.","contributorId":70136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gipson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036174,"text":"70036174 - 2011 - Consequences of long-distance swimming and travel over deep-water pack ice for a female polar bear during a year of extreme sea ice retreat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-14T13:29:30","indexId":"70036174","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consequences of long-distance swimming and travel over deep-water pack ice for a female polar bear during a year of extreme sea ice retreat","docAbstract":"Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) prefer to live on Arctic sea ice but may swim between ice floes or between sea ice and land. Although anecdotal observations suggest that polar bears are capable of swimming long distances, no data have been available to describe in detail long distance swimming events or the physiological and reproductive consequences of such behavior. Between an initial capture in late August and a recapture in late October 2008, a radio-collared adult female polar bear in the Beaufort Sea made a continuous swim of 687 km over 9 days and then intermittently swam and walked on the sea ice surface an additional 1,800 km. Measures of movement rate, hourly activity, and subcutaneous and external temperature revealed distinct profiles of swimming and walking. Between captures, this polar bear lost 22% of her body mass and her yearling cub. The extraordinary long distance swimming ability of polar bears, which we confirm here, may help them cope with reduced Arctic sea ice. Our observation, however, indicates that long distance swimming in Arctic waters, and travel over deep water pack ice, may result in high energetic costs and compromise reproductive fitness.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00300-010-0953-2","issn":"07224060","usgsCitation":"Durner, G.M., Whiteman, J., Harlow, H., Amstrup, S.C., Regehr, E., and Ben-David, M., 2011, Consequences of long-distance swimming and travel over deep-water pack ice for a female polar bear during a year of extreme sea ice retreat: Polar Biology, v. 34, no. 7, p. 975-984, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0953-2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"975","endPage":"984","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218425,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0953-2"}],"volume":"34","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9d6e4b0c8380cd4d7e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiteman, J.P.","contributorId":107549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiteman","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harlow, H.J.","contributorId":20178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlow","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":454636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Regehr, E.V.","contributorId":90937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regehr","given":"E.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ben-David, M.","contributorId":11563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ben-David","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034165,"text":"70034165 - 2011 - Economic impacts of the ShakeOut scenario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T22:19:37","indexId":"70034165","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Economic impacts of the ShakeOut scenario","docAbstract":"For the ShakeOut Earthquake Scenario, we estimate $68 billion in direct and indirect business interruption (BI) and $11 billion in related costs in addition to the $113 billion in property damage in an eight-county Southern California region. The modeled conduits of shock to the economy are property damage and lifeline service outages that affect the economy’s ability to produce. Property damage from fire is 50% greater than property damage from shaking because fire is more devastating. BI from water service disruption and fire each represent around one-third of total BI losses because of the long duration of service outage or long restoration and reconstruction periods. Total BI losses are 4.3% of annual gross output in the affected region, an impact far larger than most conventional economic recessions. These losses are still much lower than they potentially could be due to the resilience of the economy.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/1.3587204","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Rose, A., Wei, D., and Wein, A., 2011, Economic impacts of the ShakeOut scenario: Earthquake Spectra, v. 27, no. 2, p. 539-557, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.3587204.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"557","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216875,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3587204"},{"id":244773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a058be4b0c8380cd50e34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, A.","contributorId":6689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wei, D.","contributorId":99801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wein, A.","contributorId":53177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wein","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034561,"text":"70034561 - 2011 - Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T19:26:49.124184","indexId":"70034561","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders","docAbstract":"Replacement of a native species by a nonnative can have strong effects on ecosystem function, such as altering nutrient cycling or disturbance frequency. Replacements may cause shifts in ecosystem function because nonnatives establish at different biomass, or because they differ from native species in traits like foraging behavior. However, no studies have compared effects of wholesale replacement of a native by a nonnative species on subsidies that support consumers in adjacent habitats, nor quantified the magnitude of these effects. We examined whether streams invaded by nonnative brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in two regions of the Rocky Mountains, USA, produced fewer emerging adult aquatic insects compared to paired streams with native cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii), and whether riparian spiders that depend on these prey were less abundant along streams with lower total insect emergence. As predicted, emergence density was 36% lower from streams with the nonnative fish. Biomass of brook trout was higher than the cutthroat trout they replaced, but even after accounting for this difference, emergence was 24% lower from brook trout streams. More riparian spiders were counted along streams with greater total emergence across the water surface. Based on these results, we predicted that brook trout replacement would result in 6–20% fewer spiders in the two regions. When brook trout replace cutthroat trout, they reduce cross-habitat resource subsidies and alter ecosystem function in stream-riparian food webs, not only owing to increased biomass but also because traits apparently differ from native cutthroat trout.
","largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Benjamin, J., Fausch, K., and Baxter, C.V., 2011, Species replacement by a nonnative salmonid alters ecosystem function by reducing prey subsidies that support riparian spiders: Oecologia, v. 167, no. 2, p. 503-512, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"512","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2000-6"}],"volume":"167","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b950be4b08c986b31ad0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benjamin, J.R.","contributorId":58490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fausch, K.D. 0000-0001-5825-7560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7560","contributorId":84097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fausch","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baxter, C. V.","contributorId":62853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baxter","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":38154,"text":"Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}