{"pageNumber":"754","pageRowStart":"18825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46882,"records":[{"id":70037443,"text":"70037443 - 2010 - Embryo malposition as a potential mechanism for mercury-induced hatching failure in bird eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T17:07:17","indexId":"70037443","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embryo malposition as a potential mechanism for mercury-induced hatching failure in bird eggs","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined the prevalence of embryo malpositions and deformities in relation to total mercury (THg) and selenium (Se) concentrations in American avocet (</span><i>Recurvirostra americana</i><span>), black‐necked stilt (</span><i>Himantopus mexicanus</i><span>), and Forster's tern (</span><i>Sterna forsteri</i><span>) eggs in San Francisco Bay (CA, USA) during 2005 to 2007. Overall, 11% of embryos were malpositioned in eggs ≥18 d of age (</span><i>n</i><span> = 282) and 2% of embryos were deformed in eggs ≥13 d of age (</span><i>n</i><span> = 470). Considering only those eggs that failed to hatch (</span><i>n</i><span> = 62), malpositions occurred in 24% of eggs ≥18 d of age and deformities occurred in 7% of eggs ≥13 d of age. The probability of an embryo being malpositioned increased with egg THg concentrations in Forster's terns, but not in avocets or stilts. The probability of embryo deformity was not related to egg THg concentrations in any species. Using a reduced dataset with both Se and THg concentrations measured in eggs (</span><i>n</i><span> = 87), we found no interaction between Se and THg on the probability of an embryo being malpositioned or deformed. Results of the present study indicate that embryo malpositions were prevalent in waterbird eggs that failed to hatch and the likelihood of an embryo being malpositioned increased with egg THg concentrations in Forster's terns. We hypothesize that malpositioning of avian embryos may be one reason for mercury‐related hatching failure that occurs late in incubation, but further research is needed to elucidate this potential mechanism.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","doi":"10.1002/etc.208","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Herring, G., Ackerman, J., and Eagles-Smith, C.A., 2010, Embryo malposition as a potential mechanism for mercury-induced hatching failure in bird eggs: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 8, p. 1788-1794, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.208.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1788","endPage":"1794","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476067,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.208","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217353,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.208"}],"volume":"29","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08e3e4b0c8380cd51ceb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037444,"text":"70037444 - 2010 - Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70037444","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"A Chicago beach in southwest Lake Michigan was revisited to determine the influence of nearshore hydrodynamic effects on the variability of Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration in both knee-deep and offshore waters. Explanatory variables that could be used for identifying potential bacteria loading mechanisms, such as bed shear stress due to a combined wave-current boundary layer and wave runup on the beach surface, were derived from an existing wave and current database. The derived hydrodynamic variables, along with the actual observed E. coli concentrations in the submerged and foreshore sands, were expected to reveal bacteria loading through nearshore sediment resuspension and swash on the beach surface, respectively. Based on the observation that onshore waves tend to result in a more active hydrodynamic system at this embayed beach, multiple linear regression analysis of onshore-wave cases further indicated the significance of sediment resuspension and the interaction of swash with gull-droppings in explaining the variability of E. coli concentration in the knee-deep water. For cases with longshore currents, numerical simulations using the Princeton Ocean Model revealed current circulation patterns inside the embayment, which can effectively entrain bacteria from the swash zone into the central area of the embayed beach water and eventually release them out of the embayment. The embayed circulation patterns are consistent with the statistical results that identified that 1) the submerged sediment was an additional net source of E. coli to the offshore water and 2) variability of E. coli concentration in the knee-deep water contributed adversely to that in the offshore water for longshore-current cases. The embayed beach setting and the statistical and numerical methods used in the present study have wide applicability for analyzing recreational water quality at similar marine and freshwater sites. ?? 2010 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es100797r","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Ge, Z., Nevers, M., Schwab, D., and Whitman, R., 2010, Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 17, p. 6731-6737, https://doi.org/10.1021/es100797r.","startPage":"6731","endPage":"6737","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217354,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es100797r"},{"id":245298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f785e4b0c8380cd4cb74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ge, Z.","contributorId":99769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nevers, M.B.","contributorId":13787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwab, D.J.","contributorId":23730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037446,"text":"70037446 - 2010 - Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T16:42:19","indexId":"70037446","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2282,"text":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research","docAbstract":"<p><span>In recent years, geographic information systems (GIS) have increasingly been used for reconstructing individual-level exposures to environmental contaminants in epidemiological research. Remotely sensed data can be useful in creating space-time models of environmental measures. The primary advantage of using remotely sensed data is that it allows for study at the local scale (e.g., residential level) without requiring expensive, time-consuming monitoring campaigns. The purpose of our study was to identify how land surface remotely sensed data are currently being used to study the relationship between cancer and environmental contaminants, focusing primarily on agricultural chemical exposure assessment applications. We present the results of a comprehensive literature review of epidemiological research where remotely sensed imagery or land cover maps derived from remotely sensed imagery were applied. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of the most commonly used imagery data (aerial photographs and Landsat satellite imagery) and land cover maps.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/jes.2009.7","issn":"15590631","usgsCitation":"Maxwell, S., Meliker, J., and Goovaerts, P., 2010, Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research: Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, v. 20, no. 2, p. 176-185, https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2009.7.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"176","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475977,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4341821","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217383,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jes.2009.7"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf35e4b08c986b329a0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maxwell, S.K.","contributorId":36665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxwell","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meliker, J.R.","contributorId":56456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meliker","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goovaerts, P.","contributorId":76973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goovaerts","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037467,"text":"70037467 - 2010 - A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037467","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska","docAbstract":"Shrub cover appears to be increasing across many areas of the Arctic tundra biome, and increasing shrub cover in the Arctic has the potential to significantly impact global carbon budgets and the global climate system. For most of the Arctic, however, there is no existing baseline inventory of shrub canopy cover, as existing maps of Arctic vegetation provide little information about the density of shrub cover at a moderate spatial resolution across the region. Remotely-sensed fractional shrub canopy maps can provide this necessary baseline inventory of shrub cover. In this study, we compare the accuracy of fractional shrub canopy (&gt; 0.5 m tall) maps derived from multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal datasets from Landsat imagery at 30 m spatial resolution, Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) imagery at 250 m and 500 m spatial resolution, and MultiAngle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) imagery at 275 m spatial resolution for a 1067 km<sup>2</sup> study area in Arctic Alaska. The study area is centered at 69 ??N, ranges in elevation from 130 to 770 m, is composed primarily of rolling topography with gentle slopes less than 10??, and is free of glaciers and perennial snow cover. Shrubs &gt; 0.5 m in height cover 2.9% of the study area and are primarily confined to patches associated with specific landscape features. Reference fractional shrub canopy is determined from in situ shrub canopy measurements and a high spatial resolution IKONOS image swath. Regression tree models are constructed to estimate fractional canopy cover at 250 m using different combinations of input data from Landsat, MODIS, and MISR. Results indicate that multi-spectral data provide substantially more accurate estimates of fractional shrub canopy cover than multi-angular or multi-temporal data. Higher spatial resolution datasets also provide more accurate estimates of fractional shrub canopy cover (aggregated to moderate spatial resolutions) than lower spatial resolution datasets, an expected result for a study area where most shrub cover is concentrated in narrow patches associated with rivers, drainages, and slopes. Including the middle infrared bands available from Landsat and MODIS in the regression tree models (in addition to the four standard visible and near-infrared spectral bands) typically results in a slight boost in accuracy. Including the multi-angular red band data available from MISR in the regression tree models, however, typically boosts accuracy more substantially, resulting in moderate resolution fractional shrub canopy estimates approaching the accuracy of estimates derived from the much higher spatial resolution Landsat sensor. Given the poor availability of snow and cloud-free Landsat scenes in many areas of the Arctic and the promising results demonstrated here by the MISR sensor, MISR may be the best choice for large area fractional shrub canopy mapping in the Alaskan Arctic for the period 2000-2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Selkowitz, D., 2010, A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 7, p. 1338-1352, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012.","startPage":"1338","endPage":"1352","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217035,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012"},{"id":244946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e36fe4b0c8380cd45ff9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selkowitz, D.J.","contributorId":82886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selkowitz","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037471,"text":"70037471 - 2010 - Use of multiple dispersal pathways facilitates amphibian persistence in stream networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037471","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of multiple dispersal pathways facilitates amphibian persistence in stream networks","docAbstract":"Although populations of amphibians are declining worldwide, there is no evidence that salamanders occupying small streams are experiencing enigmatic declines, and populations of these species seem stable. Theory predicts that dispersal through multiple pathways can stabilize populations, preventing extinction in habitat networks. However, empirical data to support this prediction are absent for most species, especially those at risk of decline. Our mark-recapture study of stream salamanders reveals both a strong upstream bias in dispersal and a surprisingly high rate of overland dispersal to adjacent headwater streams. This evidence of route-dependent variation in dispersal rates suggests a spatial mechanism for population stability in headwater-stream salamanders. Our results link the movement behavior of stream salamanders to network topology, and they underscore the importance of identifying and protecting critical dispersal pathways when addressing region-wide population declines.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1000266107","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Campbell, G.E., Nichols, J., Lowe, W., and Fagan, W., 2010, Use of multiple dispersal pathways facilitates amphibian persistence in stream networks: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 107, no. 15, p. 6936-6940, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000266107.","startPage":"6936","endPage":"6940","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475843,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000266107","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217065,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000266107"},{"id":244977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf48e4b08c986b329a73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Grant E.H.","contributorId":44650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Grant","email":"","middleInitial":"E.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowe, W.H.","contributorId":91961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fagan, W.F.","contributorId":105829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagan","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037473,"text":"70037473 - 2010 - Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037473","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway","docAbstract":"Chloride concentrations in waterways of northern USA are increasing at alarming rates and road salt is commonly assumed to be the cause. However, there are additional sources of Cl<sup>-</sup> in metropolitan areas, such as treated wastewater (TWW) and water conditioning salts, which may be contributing to Cl<sup>-</sup> loads entering surface waters. In this study, the potential sources of Cl<sup>-</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> loads in the Illinois River Basin from the Chicago area to the Illinois River's confluence with the Mississippi River were investigated using halide data in stream samples and published Cl<sup>-</sup> and river discharge data. The investigation showed that road salt runoff and TWW from the Chicago region dominate Cl<sup>-</sup> loads in the Illinois Waterway, defined as the navigable sections of the Illinois River and two major tributaries in the Chicago region. Treated wastewater discharges at a relatively constant rate throughout the year and is the primary source of Cl<sup>-</sup> and other elements such as F<sup>-</sup> and B. Chloride loads are highest in the winter and early spring as a result of road salt runoff which can increase Cl<sup>-</sup> concentrations by up to several hundred mg/L. Chloride concentrations decrease downstream in the Illinois Waterway due to dilution, but are always elevated relative to tributaries downriver from Chicago. The TWW component is especially noticeable downstream under low discharge conditions during summer and early autumn when surface drainage is at a minimum and agricultural drain tiles are not flowing. Increases in population, urban and residential areas, and roadways in the Chicago area have caused an increase in the flux of Cl<sup>-</sup> from both road salt and TWW. Chloride concentrations have been increasing in the Illinois Waterway since around 1960 at a rate of about 1 mg/L/a. The increase is largest in the winter months due to road salt runoff. Shallow groundwater Cl<sup>-</sup> concentrations are also increasing, potentially producing higher base flow concentrations. Projected increases in population and urbanization over the next several decades suggest that the trend of increasing Cl<sup>-</sup> concentrations and loads will continue. Given the susceptibility of aquatic ecosystems to increasing Cl<sup>-</sup> concentrations, especially short-term spikes following snow melts, deleterious effects on riverine ecosystems would be expected. ?? 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.01.020","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kelly, W., Panno, S., Hackley, K.C., Hwang, H., Martinsek, A., and Markus, M., 2010, Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway: Applied Geochemistry, v. 25, no. 5, p. 661-673, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.01.020.","startPage":"661","endPage":"673","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217037,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.01.020"},{"id":244948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc03ee4b08c986b329fee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, W.R.","contributorId":74120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Panno, S.V.","contributorId":102990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panno","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackley, Keith C.","contributorId":12166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hwang, H.-H.","contributorId":6981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hwang","given":"H.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martinsek, A.T.","contributorId":100107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinsek","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Markus, M.","contributorId":54781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markus","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037475,"text":"70037475 - 2010 - The relative influence of nutrients and habitat on stream metabolism in agricultural streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037475","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relative influence of nutrients and habitat on stream metabolism in agricultural streams","docAbstract":"Stream metabolism was measured in 33 streams across a gradient of nutrient concentrations in four agricultural areas of the USA to determine the relative influence of nutrient concentrations and habitat on primary production (GPP) and respiration (CR-24). In conjunction with the stream metabolism estimates, water quality and algal biomass samples were collected, as was an assessment of habitat in the sampling reach. When data for all study areas were combined, there were no statistically significant relations between gross primary production or community respiration and any of the independent variables. However, significant regression models were developed for three study areas for GPP (r 2 = 0.79-0.91) and CR-24 (r 2 = 0.76-0.77). Various forms of nutrients (total phosphorus and area-weighted total nitrogen loading) were significant for predicting GPP in two study areas, with habitat variables important in seven significant models. Important physical variables included light availability, precipitation, basin area, and in-stream habitat cover. Both benthic and seston chlorophyll were not found to be important explanatory variables in any of the models; however, benthic ash-free dry weight was important in two models for GPP. ?? 2009 The Author(s).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-009-1127-y","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Frankforter, J., Weyers, H., Bales, J., Moran, P., and Calhoun, D., 2010, The relative influence of nutrients and habitat on stream metabolism in agricultural streams: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 168, no. 1-4, p. 461-479, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1127-y.","startPage":"461","endPage":"479","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475920,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1127-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217039,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1127-y"},{"id":244950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"168","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf2de4b08c986b3245e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankforter, J.D.","contributorId":80303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankforter","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weyers, H.S.","contributorId":8592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weyers","given":"H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bales, J. D.","contributorId":21569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moran, P.W.","contributorId":9401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Calhoun, D.L.","contributorId":100653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calhoun","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037480,"text":"70037480 - 2010 - An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T10:16:02","indexId":"70037480","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage","docAbstract":"Historical mining has left complex problems in catchments throughout the world. Land managers are faced with making cost-effective plans to remediate mine influences. Remediation plans are facilitated by spatial mass-loading profiles that indicate the locations of metal mass-loading, seasonal changes, and the extent of biogeochemical processes. Field-scale experiments during both low- and high-flow conditions and time-series data over diel cycles illustrate how this can be accomplished. A low-flow experiment provided spatially detailed loading profiles to indicate where loading occurred. For example, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2 -</sup> was principally derived from sources upstream from the study reach, but three principal locations also were important for SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2 -</sup> loading within the reach. During high-flow conditions, Lagrangian sampling provided data to interpret seasonal changes and indicated locations where snowmelt runoff flushed metals to the stream. Comparison of metal concentrations between the low- and high-flow experiments indicated substantial increases in metal loading at high flow, but little change in metal concentrations, showing that toxicity at the most downstream sampling site was not substantially greater during snowmelt runoff. During high-flow conditions, a detailed temporal sampling at fixed sites indicated that Zn concentration more than doubled during the diel cycle. Monitoring programs must account for diel variation to provide meaningful results. Mass-loading studies during different flow conditions and detailed time-series over diel cycles provide useful scientific support for stream management decisions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.02.005","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R., and Walton-Day, K., 2010, An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage: Applied Geochemistry, v. 25, no. 5, p. 728-740, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.02.005.","startPage":"728","endPage":"740","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217125,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.02.005"},{"id":245042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea0ce4b0c8380cd485d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, B. A.","contributorId":87583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, R.L.","contributorId":97529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walton-Day, K.","contributorId":14054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037481,"text":"70037481 - 2010 - Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037481","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment","docAbstract":"We employed a 3D velocity model and 3D wave propagation code to simulate long-period ground motions in the upper Mississippi embayment. This region is at risk from large earthquakes in the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) and observational data are sparse, making simulation a valuable tool for predicting the effects of large events. We undertook these simulations to estimate the magnitude of shaking likely to occur and to investigate the influence of the 3D embayment structure and finite-fault mechanics on ground motions. There exist three primary fault zones in the NMSZ, each of which was likely associated with one of the main shocks of the 1811-12 earthquake triplet. For this study, three simulations have been conducted on each major segment, exploring the impact of different epicentral locations and rupture directions on ground motions. The full wave field up to a frequency of 0.5 Hz is computed on a 200 ?? 200 ?? 50-km <sup>3</sup> volume using a staggered-grid finite-difference code. Peak horizontal velocity and bracketed durations were calculated at the free surface. The NMSZ simulations indicate that for the considered bandwidth, finite-fault mechanics such as fault proximity, directivity effect, and slip distribution exert the most control on ground motions. The 3D geologic structure of the upper Mississippi embayment also influences ground motion with indications that amplification is induced by the sharp velocity contrast at the basin edge.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Macpherson, K., Woolery, E., Wang, Z., and Liu, P., 2010, Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment: Seismological Research Letters, v. 81, no. 2, p. 391-405, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391.","startPage":"391","endPage":"405","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217126,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391"},{"id":245043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb330e4b08c986b325c3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macpherson, K.A.","contributorId":81725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macpherson","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woolery, E.W.","contributorId":53548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woolery","given":"E.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Z.","contributorId":67976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, P.","contributorId":98443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037499,"text":"70037499 - 2010 - Structural geology of Amazonian-aged layered sedimentary deposits in southwest Candor Chasma, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T11:36:29","indexId":"70037499","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural geology of Amazonian-aged layered sedimentary deposits in southwest Candor Chasma, Mars","docAbstract":"The structural geology of an outcropping of layered sedimentary deposits in southwest Candor Chasma is mapped using two adjacent high-resolution (1 m/pixel) HiRISE digital elevation models and orthoimagery. Analysis of these structural data yields new insight into the depositional and deformational history of these deposits. Bedding in non-deformed areas generally dips toward the center of west Candor Chasma, suggesting that these deposits are basin-filling sediments. Numerous kilometer-scale faults and folds characterize the deformation here. Normal faults of the requisite orientation and length for chasma-related faulting are not observed, indicating that the local sediments accumulated after chasma formation had largely ceased in this area. The cause of the observed deformation is attributed to landsliding within these sedimentary deposits. Observed crosscutting relationships indicate that a population of sub-vertical joints are the youngest deformational structures in the area. The distribution of strain amongst these joints, and an apparently youthful infill of sediment, suggests that these fractures have been active in the recent past. The source of the driving stress acting on these joints has yet to be fully constrained, but the joint orientations are consistent with minor subsidence within west Candor Chasma.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2009.11.012","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Okubo, C., 2010, Structural geology of Amazonian-aged layered sedimentary deposits in southwest Candor Chasma, Mars: Icarus, v. 207, no. 1, p. 210-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2009.11.012.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"210","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Candor Chasma, Mars","volume":"207","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9befe4b08c986b31d19f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Okubo, Chris 0000-0001-9776-8128 cokubo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9776-8128","contributorId":174209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"Chris","email":"cokubo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037506,"text":"70037506 - 2010 - Chemical and nanometer-scale structure of kerogen and its change during thermal maturation investigated by advanced solid-state <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70037506","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical and nanometer-scale structure of kerogen and its change during thermal maturation investigated by advanced solid-state <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy","docAbstract":"We have used advanced and quantitative solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques to investigate structural changes in a series of type II kerogen samples from the New Albany Shale across a range of maturity (vitrinite reflectance R<sub>0</sub> from 0.29% to 1.27%). Specific functional groups such as CH<sub>3</sub>, CH<sub>2</sub>, alkyl CH, aromatic CH, aromatic C-O, and other nonprotonated aromatics, as well as \"oil prone\" and \"gas prone\" carbons, have been quantified by <sup>13</sup>C NMR; atomic H/C and O/C ratios calculated from the NMR data agree with elemental analysis. Relationships between NMR structural parameters and vitrinite reflectance, a proxy for thermal maturity, were evaluated. The aromatic cluster size is probed in terms of the fraction of aromatic carbons that are protonated (???30%) and the average distance of aromatic C from the nearest protons in long-range H-C dephasing, both of which do not increase much with maturation, in spite of a great increase in aromaticity. The aromatic clusters in the most mature sample consist of ???30 carbons, and of ???20 carbons in the least mature samples. Proof of many links between alkyl chains and aromatic rings is provided by short-range and long-range <sup>1</sup>H-<sup>13</sup>C correlation NMR. The alkyl segments provide most H in the samples; even at a carbon aromaticity of 83%, the fraction of aromatic H is only 38%. While aromaticity increases with thermal maturity, most other NMR structural parameters, including the aromatic C-O fractions, decrease. Aromaticity is confirmed as an excellent NMR structural parameter for assessing thermal maturity. In this series of samples, thermal maturation mostly increases aromaticity by reducing the length of the alkyl chains attached to the aromatic cores, not by pronounced growth of the size of the fused aromatic ring clusters. ?? 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2009.12.029","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Mao, J., Fang, X., Lan, Y., Schimmelmann, A., Mastalerz, M., Xu, L., and Schmidt-Rohr, K., 2010, Chemical and nanometer-scale structure of kerogen and its change during thermal maturation investigated by advanced solid-state <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 74, no. 7, p. 2110-2127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.12.029.","startPage":"2110","endPage":"2127","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218057,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.12.029"},{"id":246037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f54ae4b0c8380cd4c168","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mao, J.","contributorId":87513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mao","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fang, X.","contributorId":32288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lan, Y.","contributorId":59277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lan","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":78065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xu, L.","contributorId":82884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schmidt-Rohr, K.","contributorId":52439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt-Rohr","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037507,"text":"70037507 - 2010 - Seismic imaging of a fractured gas hydrate system in the Krishna-Godavari Basin offshore India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70037507","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic imaging of a fractured gas hydrate system in the Krishna-Godavari Basin offshore India","docAbstract":"Gas hydrate was discovered in the Krishna-Godavari (KG) Basin during the India National Gas Hydrate Program (NGHP) Expedition 1 at Site NGHP-01-10 within a fractured clay-dominated sedimentary system. Logging-while-drilling (LWD), coring, and wire-line logging confirmed gas hydrate dominantly in fractures at four borehole sites spanning a 500m transect. Three-dimensional (3D) seismic data were subsequently used to image the fractured system and explain the occurrence of gas hydrate associated with the fractures. A system of two fault-sets was identified, part of a typical passive margin tectonic setting. The LWD-derived fracture network at Hole NGHP-01-10A is to some extent seen in the seismic data and was mapped using seismic coherency attributes. The fractured system around Site NGHP-01-10 extends over a triangular-shaped area of ~2.5 km2 defined using seismic attributes of the seafloor reflection, as well as \" seismic sweetness\" at the base of the gas hydrate occurrence zone. The triangular shaped area is also showing a polygonal (nearly hexagonal) fault pattern, distinct from other more rectangular fault patterns observed in the study area. The occurrence of gas hydrate at Site NGHP-01-10 is the result of a specific combination of tectonic fault orientations and the abundance of free gas migration from a deeper gas source. The triangular-shaped area of enriched gas hydrate occurrence is bound by two faults acting as migration conduits. Additionally, the fault-associated sediment deformation provides a possible migration pathway for the free gas from the deeper gas source into the gas hydrate stability zone. It is proposed that there are additional locations in the KG Basin with possible gas hydrate accumulation of similar tectonic conditions, and one such location was identified from the 3D seismic data ~6 km NW of Site NGHP-01-10. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.06.002","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Riedel, M., Collett, T.S., Kumar, P., Sathe, A., and Cook, A., 2010, Seismic imaging of a fractured gas hydrate system in the Krishna-Godavari Basin offshore India: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 27, no. 7, p. 1476-1493, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.06.002.","startPage":"1476","endPage":"1493","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218058,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.06.002"},{"id":246038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b24e4b08c986b317610","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riedel, M.","contributorId":65268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, P.","contributorId":45476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sathe, A.V.","contributorId":11454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sathe","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, A.","contributorId":88174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037511,"text":"70037511 - 2010 - Generation and emplacement of fine-grained ejecta in planetary impacts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70037511","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Generation and emplacement of fine-grained ejecta in planetary impacts","docAbstract":"We report here on a survey of distal fine-grained ejecta deposits on the Moon, Mars, and Venus. On all three planets, fine-grained ejecta form circular haloes that extend beyond the continuous ejecta and other types of distal deposits such as run-out lobes or ramparts. Using Earth-based radar images, we find that lunar fine-grained ejecta haloes represent meters-thick deposits with abrupt margins, and are depleted in rocks 1cm in diameter. Martian haloes show low nighttime thermal IR temperatures and thermal inertia, indicating the presence of fine particles estimated to range from ???10??m to 10mm. Using the large sample sizes afforded by global datasets for Venus and Mars, and a complete nearside radar map for the Moon, we establish statistically robust scaling relationships between crater radius R and fine-grained ejecta run-out r for all three planets. On the Moon, ???R-0.18 for craters 5-640km in diameter. For Venus, radar-dark haloes are larger than those on the Moon, but scale as ???R-0.49, consistent with ejecta entrainment in Venus' dense atmosphere. On Mars, fine-ejecta haloes are larger than lunar haloes for a given crater size, indicating entrainment of ejecta by the atmosphere or vaporized subsurface volatiles, but scale as R-0.13, similar to the ballistic lunar scaling. Ejecta suspension in vortices generated by passage of the ejecta curtain is predicted to result in ejecta run-out that scales with crater size as R1/2, and the wind speeds so generated may be insufficient to transport particles at the larger end of the calculated range. The observed scaling and morphology of the low-temperature haloes leads us rather to favor winds generated by early-stage vapor plume expansion as the emplacement mechanism for low-temperature halo materials. ?? 2010 Elsevier Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2010.05.005","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Ghent, R., Gupta, V., Campbell, B., Ferguson, S., Brown, J., Fergason, R., and Carter, L., 2010, Generation and emplacement of fine-grained ejecta in planetary impacts: Icarus, v. 209, no. 2, p. 818-835, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.05.005.","startPage":"818","endPage":"835","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218085,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.05.005"},{"id":246066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"209","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a154ee4b0c8380cd54d4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ghent, R.R.","contributorId":92899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghent","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gupta, V.","contributorId":10959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gupta","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, B.A.","contributorId":53077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferguson, S.A.","contributorId":91467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, J.C.W.","contributorId":13475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fergason, R.L.","contributorId":13786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fergason","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carter, L.M.","contributorId":72508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037514,"text":"70037514 - 2010 - Experimental investigation of observation error in anuran call surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70037514","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental investigation of observation error in anuran call surveys","docAbstract":"Occupancy models that account for imperfect detection are often used to monitor anuran and songbird species occurrence. However, presenceabsence data arising from auditory detections may be more prone to observation error (e.g., false-positive detections) than are sampling approaches utilizing physical captures or sightings of individuals. We conducted realistic, replicated field experiments using a remote broadcasting system to simulate simple anuran call surveys and to investigate potential factors affecting observation error in these studies. Distance, time, ambient noise, and observer abilities were the most important factors explaining false-negative detections. Distance and observer ability were the best overall predictors of false-positive errors, but ambient noise and competing species also affected error rates for some species. False-positive errors made up 5 of all positive detections, with individual observers exhibiting false-positive rates between 0.5 and 14. Previous research suggests false-positive errors of these magnitudes would induce substantial positive biases in standard estimators of species occurrence, and we recommend practices to mitigate for false positives when developing occupancy monitoring protocols that rely on auditory detections. These recommendations include additional observer training, limiting the number of target species, and establishing distance and ambient noise thresholds during surveys. ?? 2010 The Wildlife Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2009-321","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"McClintock, B., Bailey, L., Pollock, K.H., and Simons, T., 2010, Experimental investigation of observation error in anuran call surveys: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 74, no. 8, p. 1882-1893, https://doi.org/10.2193/2009-321.","startPage":"1882","endPage":"1893","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218110,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2009-321"},{"id":246092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dd5e4b0c8380cd531fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClintock, B.T.","contributorId":29108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClintock","given":"B.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simons, T.R.","contributorId":56334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037523,"text":"70037523 - 2010 - Longitudinal trends and discontinuities in nutrients, chlorophyll, and suspended solids in the Upper Mississippi River: Implications for transport, processing, and export by large rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70037523","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Longitudinal trends and discontinuities in nutrients, chlorophyll, and suspended solids in the Upper Mississippi River: Implications for transport, processing, and export by large rivers","docAbstract":"Across the distances spanned by large rivers, there are important differences in catchment characteristics, tributary inputs, and river morphology that may cause longitudinal changes in nutrient, chlorophyll, and suspended solids concentrations. We investigated longitudinal and seasonal patterns in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) using long-term data (1994-2005) from five study reaches that spanned 1300 km of the UMR. Lake Pepin, a natural lake in the most upstream study reach, had a clear effect on suspended material in the river. Suspended solids and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were substantially lower downstream of the lake and percent organic material (OM%) in suspension was higher. Below L. Pepin, mean total and organic suspended solids (TSS, OSS) and TP increased downriver and exhibited approximately log-linear relationships with catchment area, whereas OM% declined substantially downriver. Despite the downriver increase in TSS and OSS, concentrations similar to those above L. Pepin do not occur until ~370 km downriver indicating the extent of the influence of L. Pepin on the UMR. Chlorophyll concentrations were lower in the most downstream study reach, likely reflecting the shorter residence time and poor light climate, but there was not a consistent longitudinal decline in chlorophyll across the study reaches. Dissolved silica (DSi), DSi:TN, and DSi:TP declined downriver suggesting that DSi uptake and sedimentation by river phytoplankton may be reducing DSi transport in the river, and indicating that the eutrophication of the river may contribute to a reduction of DSi export to the Gulf of Mexico. ?? 2010 US Government: USGS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10750-010-0282-z","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Houser, J., Bierman, D., Burdis, R., and Soeken-Gittinger, L.A., 2010, Longitudinal trends and discontinuities in nutrients, chlorophyll, and suspended solids in the Upper Mississippi River: Implications for transport, processing, and export by large rivers: Hydrobiologia, v. 651, no. 1, p. 127-144, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0282-z.","startPage":"127","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217944,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0282-z"},{"id":245917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"651","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49c4e4b0c8380cd68893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houser, J.N.","contributorId":91603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bierman, D.W.","contributorId":73855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bierman","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burdis, R.M.","contributorId":22181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdis","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Soeken-Gittinger, L. A.","contributorId":76976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soeken-Gittinger","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70227364,"text":"70227364 - 2010 - Identification of plant species by using high spatial and spectral resolution thermal infrared (8.0–13.5 μm) imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-11T14:30:07.62028","indexId":"70227364","displayToPublicDate":"2009-10-29T08:25:56","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9944,"text":"Remote Sensing of the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of plant species by using high spatial and spectral resolution thermal infrared (8.0–13.5 μm) imagery","docAbstract":"<p><span>High spatial and spectral resolution thermal infrared imagery (8.0–13.5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μm) from the SEBASS airborne sensor was used to analyze and map tree canopy spectral features at the State Arboretum of Virginia, near Boyce, Virginia. Fifty tree species were analyzed and about half were directly identified with varying degrees of success on the basis of spectral matched filtering that utilized laboratory-measured leaf spectra as the target signatures. Spectral averages of pixels extracted from SEBASS emissivity data compared favorably with laboratory spectra of leaves collected from individual tree species. Best results were obtained from species having relatively strong spectral contrast, wide and flat leaves, closed planophile canopies, and/or large canopy areas. Tree species having small leaves or unfavorable leaf orientations showed spectral attenuation likely resulting from cavity blackbody effects. Increased spatial resolution and better image calibration and atmospheric correction might lead to further improvements in thermal infrared plant species identification.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2009.09.019","usgsCitation":"Ribeiro da Luz, B., and Crowley, J.K., 2010, Identification of plant species by using high spatial and spectral resolution thermal infrared (8.0–13.5 μm) imagery: Remote Sensing of the Environment, v. 114, no. 2, p. 404-413, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.09.019.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"404","endPage":"413","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribeiro da Luz, Beatriz bribeirodaluz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribeiro da Luz","given":"Beatriz","email":"bribeirodaluz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":830600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crowley, James K.","contributorId":10928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowley","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70208549,"text":"70208549 - 2010 - Web-enabled Landsat Data (WELD): Landsat ETM+ composited mosaics of the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T10:07:26","indexId":"70208549","displayToPublicDate":"2009-09-19T13:25:32","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Web-enabled Landsat Data (WELD): Landsat ETM+ composited mosaics of the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Since January 2008, the U.S. Department of Interior / U.S. Geological Survey have been providing free terrain-corrected (Level 1T)&nbsp;Landsat&nbsp;Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data via the Internet, currently for acquisitions with less than 40% cloud cover. With this rich dataset, temporally composited, mosaics of the conterminous United States (CONUS) were generated on a monthly, seasonal, and annual basis using 6521 ETM+ acquisitions from December 2007 to November 2008. The composited mosaics are designed to provide consistent Landsat data that can be used to derive land cover and geo-physical and bio-physical products for detailed regional assessments of land-cover dynamics and to study Earth system functioning. The data layers in the composited mosaics are defined at 30</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m and include&nbsp;top of atmosphere&nbsp;(TOA) reflectance, TOA&nbsp;brightness temperature, TOA&nbsp;normalized difference vegetation index&nbsp;(NDVI), the date each composited pixel was acquired on, per-band radiometric saturation status, cloud mask values, and the number of acquisitions considered in the compositing period. Reduced&nbsp;spatial resolution&nbsp;browse imagery, and top of atmosphere 30</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m reflectance time series extracted from the monthly composites, capture the expected land surface phenological change, and illustrate the potential of the composited mosaic data for terrestrial monitoring at&nbsp;high spatial resolution. The composited mosaics are available in 501 tiles of 5000</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>×</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>5000 30</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m pixels in the Albers equal area projection and are downloadable at&nbsp;</span><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http://landsat.usgs.gov/WELD.php\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://landsat.usgs.gov/WELD.php\">http://landsat.usgs.gov/WELD.php</a><span>. The research described in this paper demonstrates the potential of Landsat data processing to provide a consistent, long-term, large-area, data record.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2009.08.011","usgsCitation":"Roy, D.P., Ju, J., Kline, K.L., Scaramuzza, P.L., Kovalskyy, V., Hansen, M., Loveland, T., Vermote, E., and Zhang, C., 2010, Web-enabled Landsat Data (WELD): Landsat ETM+ composited mosaics of the conterminous United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 1, p. 35-49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.08.011.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"49","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502478,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External 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P.","contributorId":54761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":26958,"text":"South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":33433,"text":"University of Maryland, College Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ju, Junchang","contributorId":222521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ju","given":"Junchang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kline, Kristi L. 0000-0002-5347-8142 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L. 0000-0002-2616-8456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-8456","contributorId":107504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scaramuzza","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kovalskyy, Valeriy","contributorId":192062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kovalskyy","given":"Valeriy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26958,"text":"South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hansen, Matt","contributorId":61330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vermote, Eric","contributorId":198856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vermote","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zhang, Chunsun","contributorId":222522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Chunsun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":97809,"text":"ofr20091041 - 2010 - Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T19:12:15.849431","indexId":"ofr20091041","displayToPublicDate":"2009-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1041","title":"Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2002","docAbstract":"Streamflow and water-quality data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) or the Providence Water Supply Board, Rhode Island's largest drinking-water supplier. Streamflow was measured or estimated by the USGS following standard methods at 23 streamflow-gaging stations; 10 of these stations were also equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance. Streamflow and concentrations of sodium and chloride estimated from records of specific conductance were used to calculate instantaneous (15-minute) loads of sodium and chloride during water year (WY) 2002 (October 1, 2001 to September 30, 2002). Water-quality samples were also collected at 35 of 37 sampling stations in the Scituate Reservoir drainage area by the Providence Water Supply Board during WY 2002 as part of a long-term sampling program. Water-quality data are summarized by using values of central tendency and are used, in combination with measured (or estimated) streamflows, to calculate loads and yields (loads per unit area) of selected water-quality constituents for WY 2002.\r\n\r\nThe largest tributary to the reservoir (the Ponaganset River, which was monitored by the USGS) contributed about 12.6 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) to the reservoir during WY 2002. For the same time period, annual mean streamflows measured (or estimated) for the other monitoring stations in this study ranged from about 0.14 to 8.1 ft3/s. Together, tributary streams (equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance) transported about 534,000 kilograms (kg) of sodium and 851,000 kg of chloride to the Scituate Reservoir during WY 2002; sodium and chloride yields for the tributaries ranged from 2,900 to 40,200 kilograms per square mile (kg/mi2) and from 4,200 to 68,200 kg/mi2, respectively.\r\n\r\nAt the stations where water-quality samples were collected by the Providence Water Supply Board, the median of the median chloride concentrations was 16.8 milligrams per liter (mg/L), median nitrate concentration was 0.02 mg/L as N, median nitrite concentration was 0.002 mg/L as N, median orthophosphate concentration was 0.03 mg/L as P, and median concentrations of total coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria were 22 and 14 colony forming units per 100 milliliters (CFU/100 mL), respectively. The medians of the median daily loads (and yields) of chloride, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate and total coliform and E. coli bacteria were 21 kg/d (12 kg/d/mi2), 0.04 kg/d (0.014 kg/d/mi2), 0.005 kg/d (0.002 kg/d/mi2), 0.08 kg/d (0.035 kg/d/mi2), and 370 million colony forming units per day (CFUx106/d) (120 CFUx106/d/ mi2) and 300 CFUx106/d (75 CFUx106/d/mi2), respectively.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091041","isbn":"9781411325173","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Providence Water Supply Board and the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Breault, R., 2010, Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1041, v, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091041.","productDescription":"v, 26 p.","temporalStart":"2001-10-01","temporalEnd":"2002-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":544,"text":"Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2009_1041.jpg"},{"id":12980,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1041/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388260,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_87194.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Scituate Reservoir drainage area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.83333333333333,41.7 ], [ -71.83333333333333,41.916666666666664 ], [ -71.53333333333333,41.916666666666664 ], [ -71.53333333333333,41.7 ], [ -71.83333333333333,41.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4d7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breault, Robert F. 0000-0002-2517-407X rbreault@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-407X","contributorId":2219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breault","given":"Robert F.","email":"rbreault@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":303224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70230292,"text":"70230292 - 2010 - Mercury sources to Lake Ozette and Lake Dickey: Highly contaminated remote coastal lakes, Washington State, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-06T15:25:58.70318","indexId":"70230292","displayToPublicDate":"2009-08-18T10:17:57","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury sources to Lake Ozette and Lake Dickey: Highly contaminated remote coastal lakes, Washington State, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mercury concentrations in largemouth bass and mercury accumulation rates in age-dated sediment cores were examined at Lake Ozette and Lake Dickey in Washington State. Goals of the study were to compare concentrations in fish tissues at the two lakes with a larger statewide dataset and examine mercury pathways to the lakes. After accounting for fish length, tissue concentrations at the lakes were significantly higher than other Washington State lakes. Wet deposition and historical atmospheric monitoring from the area show no indication of enhanced local or regional deposition. Sediment core records from the lakes indicate rising sedimentation rates coinciding with logging in the lakes’ drainages has greatly increased the net flux of mercury to the waterbodies.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s11270-009-0165-y","usgsCitation":"Van Furl, C., Colman, J.A., and Bothner, M., 2010, Mercury sources to Lake Ozette and Lake Dickey: Highly contaminated remote coastal lakes, Washington State, USA: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 208, p. 275-286, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-0165-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"286","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475956,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3848","text":"External Repository"},{"id":398224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Dickey, Lake Ozette","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.51698303222658,\n              48.09619676148215\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.49501037597655,\n              48.09619676148215\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.49501037597655,\n              48.12553866602599\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.51698303222658,\n              48.12553866602599\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.51698303222658,\n              48.09619676148215\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.67868804931639,\n              48.032871264684964\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.58667755126955,\n              48.032871264684964\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.58667755126955,\n              48.15486381795689\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.67868804931639,\n              48.15486381795689\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.67868804931639,\n              48.032871264684964\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"208","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Furl, Chad","contributorId":289846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Furl","given":"Chad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colman, John A. 0000-0001-9327-0779 jacolman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-0779","contributorId":2098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"John","email":"jacolman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":839891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70208552,"text":"70208552 - 2010 - Addressing foundational elements of regional land-use change forecasting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-08T17:22:22.467504","indexId":"70208552","displayToPublicDate":"2009-08-06T14:26:37","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Addressing foundational elements of regional land-use change forecasting","docAbstract":"<p><span>Regional land-use models must address several foundational elements, including understanding geographic setting, establishing regional land-use histories, modeling process and representing drivers of change, representing local land-use patterns, managing issues of scale and complexity, and development of scenarios. Key difficulties include managing an array of biophysical and socioeconomic processes across multiple spatial and temporal scales, and acquiring and utilizing empirical data to support the analysis of those processes. The Southeastern and Pacific Northwest regions of the United States, two heavily forested regions with significant forest industries, are examined in the context of these foundational elements. Geographic setting fundamentally affects both the primary land cover (forest) in the two regions, and the structure and form of land use (forestry). Land-use histories of the regions can be used to parameterize land-use models, validate model performance, and explore land-use scenarios. Drivers of change in the two regions are many and varied, with issues of scale and complexity posing significant challenges. Careful scenario development can be used to simplify process-based land-use models, and can improve our ability to address specific research questions. The successful modeling of land-use change in these two areas requires integration of both top-down and bottom-up drivers of change, using scenario frameworks to both guide and simplify the modeling process. Modular approaches, with utilization and integration of existing process models, allow regional land-use modelers the opportunity to better represent primary drivers of land-use change. However, availability of data to represent driving forces remains a primary obstacle.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-009-9391-3","usgsCitation":"Sohl, T.L., Loveland, T., Sleeter, B.M., Sayler, K., and Barnes, C., 2010, Addressing foundational elements of regional land-use change forecasting: Landscape Ecology, v. 25, no. 2, p. 233-247, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-009-9391-3.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"247","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              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Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":851239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sayler, Kristi L. 0000-0003-2514-242X sayler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-242X","contributorId":2988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayler","given":"Kristi","email":"sayler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnes, Christopher 0000-0002-4608-4364 christopher.barnes.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4608-4364","contributorId":198908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Christopher","email":"christopher.barnes.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70118928,"text":"70118928 - 2010 - Field evaluation of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model near boulders for habitat calculation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T16:08:27","indexId":"70118928","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-24T11:24:35","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field evaluation of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model near boulders for habitat calculation","docAbstract":"Two-dimensional hydrodynamic models are now widely used in aquatic habitat studies.  To test the sensitivity of calculated habitat outcomes to limitations of such a model and of typical field data, bathmetry, depth and velocity data were collected for three discharges in the vicinity of two large boulders in the South Platte River (Colorado) and used in the River2D model.  Simulated depth and velocity were compared with observed values at 204 locations and the differences in habitat numbers produced by observed and simulated conditions were calculated.  The bulk of the differences between simulated and observed depth and velocity values were found to lie within the likely error of measurement.  However, the effect of flow simulation outliers on potential habitat outcomes must be considered when using 2D models for habitat simulation.  Furthermore, the shape of the habitat suitability relation can influence the effects of simulation errors.  Habitat relations with steep slopes in the velocity ranges found in similar study areas are expected to be sensitive to the magnitude of error found here.  Comparison of habitat values derived from simulated and observed depth and velocity revealed a small tendency to under-predict habitat values.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.1278","usgsCitation":"Waddle, T., 2010, Field evaluation of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model near boulders for habitat calculation: River Research and Applications, v. 26, no. 6, p. 730-741, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1278.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"730","endPage":"741","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1278","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53db5843e4b0fba533fa357a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddle, Terry","contributorId":47848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"Terry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97513,"text":"ds402 - 2010 - A Compilation of Spatial Datasets and Surface-Water and Ground-Water Data from the U.S. Geological Survey and Other Federal and Oklahoma State Agencies for the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"ds402","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"402","title":"A Compilation of Spatial Datasets and Surface-Water and Ground-Water Data from the U.S. Geological Survey and Other Federal and Oklahoma State Agencies for the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This report contains spatial datasets of natural and anthropogenic features and spatial datasets detailing surface-water, ground-water, and other types of environmental information collected in and surrounding Kickapoo Tribal Lands. Spatial datasets were compiled from Federal and Oklahoma State agencies. Surface-water, ground-water, and other types of environmental information of natural and anthropogenic features were compiled from USGS National Water Information System database, Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality online Geographic Information System data viewer, Oklahoma Water Resources Board online Water Information Mapping System, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency online Modernized STORET database.\r\n\r\nThese spatial datasets were compiled from many different sources with varying quality. Because of the different sources, features common to multiple layers may not overlay exactly. Users should check the metadata to determine proper use of these data. These data were not checked for accuracy or completeness. Should a question of accuracy or completeness arise, the user should contact the originator cited in the metadata. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds402","collaboration":"Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma Department of Environmental Programs","usgsCitation":"Mashburn, S., 2010, A Compilation of Spatial Datasets and Surface-Water and Ground-Water Data from the U.S. Geological Survey and Other Federal and Oklahoma State Agencies for the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 402, 1 DVD; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds402.","productDescription":"1 DVD; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_402.jpg"},{"id":13470,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/402/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4950e4b0b290850ef0b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mashburn, Shana Lichelle","contributorId":51403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mashburn","given":"Shana Lichelle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70208545,"text":"70208545 - 2010 - Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T10:09:11","indexId":"70208545","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-06T12:56:07","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images","docAbstract":"<p><span>Accurate masking of cloud and cloud shadow is a prerequisite for reliable mapping of land surface attributes. Cloud contamination is particularly a problem for land cover change analysis, because unflagged clouds may be mapped as false changes, and the level of such false changes can be comparable to or many times more than that of actual changes, even for images with small percentages of cloud cover. Here we develop an algorithm for automatically flagging clouds and their shadows in Landsat images. This algorithm uses clear view forest pixels as a reference to define cloud boundaries for separating cloud from clear view surfaces in a spectral-temperature space. Shadow locations are predicted according to cloud height estimates and sun illumination geometry, and actual shadow pixels are identified by searching the darkest pixels surrounding the predicted shadow locations. This algorithm produced omission errors of around 1% for the cloud class, although the errors were higher for an image that had very low cloud cover and one acquired in a semiarid environment. While higher values were reported for other error measures, most of the errors were found around the edges of detected clouds and shadows, and many were due to difficulties in flagging thin clouds and the shadow cast by them, both by the developed algorithm and by the image analyst in deriving the reference data. We concluded that this algorithm is especially suitable for forest change analysis, because the commission and omission errors of the derived masks are not likely to significantly bias change analysis results.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431160903369642","usgsCitation":"Huang, C., Thomas, N., Goward, S.N., Masek, J.G., Zhu, Z., Townshend, J., and Vogelmann, J., 2010, Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 31, no. 20, p. 5449-5464, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160903369642.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"5449","endPage":"5464","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Chengquan 0000-0003-0055-9798","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0055-9798","contributorId":198972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Chengquan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7261,"text":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Nancy","contributorId":7657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Nancy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goward, Samuel N.","contributorId":44459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goward","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masek, Jeffery G.","contributorId":87438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masek","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Townshend, J.R.G.","contributorId":15321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townshend","given":"J.R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70171013,"text":"70171013 - 2010 - Monitoring and characterizing natural hazards with satellite InSAR imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T16:39:36.991136","indexId":"70171013","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5089,"text":"Annals of GIS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring and characterizing natural hazards with satellite InSAR imagery","docAbstract":"<p><span>Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) provides an all-weather imaging capability for measuring ground-surface deformation and inferring changes in land surface characteristics. InSAR enables scientists to monitor and characterize hazards posed by volcanic, seismic, and hydrogeologic processes, by landslides and wildfires, and by human activities such as mining and fluid extraction or injection. Measuring how a volcano's surface deforms before, during, and after eruptions provides essential information about magma dynamics and a basis for mitigating volcanic hazards. Measuring spatial and temporal patterns of surface deformation in seismically active regions is extraordinarily useful for understanding rupture dynamics and estimating seismic risks. Measuring how landslides develop and activate is a prerequisite to minimizing associated hazards. Mapping surface subsidence or uplift related to extraction or injection of fluids during exploitation of groundwater aquifers or petroleum reservoirs provides fundamental data on aquifer or reservoir properties and improves our ability to mitigate undesired consequences. Monitoring dynamic water-level changes in wetlands improves hydrological modeling predictions and the assessment of future flood impacts. In addition, InSAR imagery can provide near-real-time estimates of fire scar extents and fire severity for wildfire management and control. All-weather satellite radar imagery is critical for studying various natural processes and is playing an increasingly important role in understanding and forecasting natural hazards.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/19475681003700914","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., and Dzurisin, D., 2010, Monitoring and characterizing natural hazards with satellite InSAR imagery: Annals of GIS, v. 16, no. 1, p. 55-66, https://doi.org/10.1080/19475681003700914.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"66","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475681003700914","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913dae4b07657d19ff1b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Jixian","contributorId":36396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jixian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Yonghong","contributorId":82563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yonghong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":79157,"text":"sim2899 - 2010 - Geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-14T19:09:33.427847","indexId":"sim2899","displayToPublicDate":"2006-09-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2899","title":"Geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California","docAbstract":"The geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park (LVNP) and vicinity encompasses 1,905 km<sup>2</sup> at the south end of the Cascade Range in Shasta, Lassen, Tehama, and Plumas Counties, northeastern California (fig. 1, sheet 3). The park includes 430 km<sup>2</sup2> of scenic volcanic features, glacially sculpted terrain, and the most spectacular array of thermal features in the Cascade Range. Interest in preserving the scenic wonders of the Lassen area as a national park arose in the early 1900s to protect it from commercial development and led to the establishment in 1907 of two small national monuments centered on Lassen Peak and Cinder Cone. The eruptions of Lassen Peak in 1914-15 were the first in the Cascade Range since widespread settling of the West in the late 1800s. Through the printed media, the eruptions aroused considerable public interest and inspired renewed efforts, which had languished since 1907, to establish a national park. In 1916, Lassen Volcanic National Park was established by combining the areas of the previously established national monuments and adjacent lands. The southernmost Cascade Range is bounded on the west by the Sacramento Valley and the Klamath Mountains, on the south by the Sierra Nevada, and on the east by the Basin and Range geologic provinces. Most of the map area is underlain by middle to late Pleistocene volcanic rocks; Holocene, early Pleistocene, and late Pliocene volcanic rocks (<3.5 m.y.) are less common. Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks are inferred to underlie the volcanic deposits (Jachens and Saltus, 1983), but the nearest exposures of pre-Tertiary rocks are 15 km to the south, 9 km to the southwest, and 12 km to the west. Diller (1895) recognized the young volcanic geology and produced the first geologic map of the Lassen area. The map (sheet 1) builds on and extends geologic mapping by Williams (1932), Macdonald (1963, 1964, 1965), and Wilson (1961). The Lassen Peak area mapped by Christiansen and others (2002) and published in greater detail (1:24,000) was modified for inclusion here. Figure 2 (sheet 3) shows the mapping credit for previous work; figure 3 (sheet 3) shows locations discussed throughout the text.  A CD-ROM entitled Database for the Geologic Map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and Vicinity, California accompanies the printed map (Muffler and others, 2010). The CD-ROM contains ESRI compatible geographic information system data files used to create the 1:50,000-scale geologic map, both geologic and topographic data and their associated metadata files, and printable versions of the geologic map and pamphlet as PDF formatted files. The 1:50,000-scale geologic map was compiled from 1:24,000-scale geologic maps of individual quadrangles that are also included in the CD-ROM. It also contains ancillary data that support the map including locations of rock samples selected for chemical analysis (Clynne and others, 2008) and radiometric dating, photographs of geologic features, and links to related data or web sites. Data contained in the CD-ROM are also available on this Web site.  The southernmost Cascade Range consists of a regional platform of basalt and basaltic andesite, with subordinate andesite and sparse dacite. Nested within these regional rocks are 'volcanic centers', defined as large, long-lived, composite, calc-alkaline edifices erupting the full range of compositions from basalt to rhyolite, but dominated by andesite and dacite. Volcanic centers are produced by the focusing of basaltic flux from the mantle and resultant enhanced interaction of mafic magma with the crust. Collectively, volcanic centers mark the axis of the southernmost Cascade Range. The map area includes the entire Lassen Volcanic Center, parts of three older volcanic centers (Maidu, Dittmar, and Latour), and the products of regional volcanism (fig. 4, sheet 3). Terminology used for subdivision of the Lassen Volcanic Center has been modified from Clynne (1984, 1990).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2899","usgsCitation":"Clynne, M.A., and Muffler, L.P., 2010, Geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2899, Report: iii, 95 p.; 3 Sheets: 58.00 × 42.00 inches or smaller; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2899.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 95 p.; 3 Sheets: 58.00 × 42.00 inches or smaller; Database","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438843,"rank":101,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9N23XJ6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Database for the geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California"},{"id":115898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_2899.gif"},{"id":398747,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94720.htm"},{"id":14411,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2899/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"50000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lassen Volcanic National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.75,\n              40.3333\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.125,\n              40.3333\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.125,\n              40.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.75,\n              40.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.75,\n              40.3333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a867b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muffler, L.J. Patrick","contributorId":72739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muffler","given":"L.J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}