{"pageNumber":"758","pageRowStart":"18925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":70034479,"text":"70034479 - 2011 - On the use of log-transformation vs. nonlinear regression for analyzing biological power laws","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T20:46:04.466829","indexId":"70034479","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the use of log-transformation vs. nonlinear regression for analyzing biological power laws","docAbstract":"<p><span>Power‐law relationships are among the most well‐studied functional relationships in biology. Recently the common practice of fitting power laws using linear regression (LR) on log‐transformed data has been criticized, calling into question the conclusions of hundreds of studies. It has been suggested that nonlinear regression (NLR) is preferable, but no rigorous comparison of these two methods has been conducted. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate that the error distribution determines which method performs better, with NLR better characterizing data with additive, homoscedastic, normal error and LR better characterizing data with multiplicative, heteroscedastic, lognormal error. Analysis of 471 biological power laws shows that both forms of error occur in nature. While previous analyses based on log‐transformation appear to be generally valid, future analyses should choose methods based on a combination of biological plausibility and analysis of the error distribution. We provide detailed guidelines and associated computer code for doing so, including a model averaging approach for cases where the error structure is uncertain.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/11-0538.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Xiao, X., White, E., Hooten, M., and Durham, S., 2011, On the use of log-transformation vs. nonlinear regression for analyzing biological power laws: Ecology, v. 92, no. 10, p. 1887-1894, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-0538.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1887","endPage":"1894","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489034,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.26076/c731-dd92","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215827,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-0538.1"}],"volume":"92","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e0be4b0c8380cd75470","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xiao, X.","contributorId":82869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiao","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, E.P.","contributorId":69384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooten, M.B.","contributorId":50261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Durham, S.L.","contributorId":94520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durham","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036419,"text":"70036419 - 2011 - A case study of alternative site response explanatory variables in Parkfield, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-12T17:12:07.604886","indexId":"70036419","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A case study of alternative site response explanatory variables in Parkfield, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The combination of densely-spaced strong-motion stations in Parkfield, California, and spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) profiles provides an ideal dataset for assessing the accuracy of different site response explanatory variables. We judge accuracy in terms of spatial coverage and correlation with observations. The performance of the alternative models is period-dependent, but generally we observe that: (1) where a profile is available, the square-root-of-impedance method outperforms&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><i><sub>S30</sub></i><span>&nbsp;(average S-wave velocity to 30 m depth), and (2) where a profile is unavailable, the topographic-slope method outperforms surficial geology. The fundamental site frequency is a valuable site response explanatory variable, though less valuable than&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><i><sub>S30</sub></i><span>. However, given the expense and difficulty of obtaining reliable estimates of&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><i><sub>S30</sub></i><span>&nbsp;and the relative ease with which the fundamental site frequency can be computed, the fundamental site frequency may prove to be a valuable site response explanatory variable for many applications.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","conferenceTitle":"GeoRisk 2011: Geotechnical Risk Assessment and Management","conferenceDate":"June 26-28, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Atlanta, GA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/41183(418)25","issn":"08950563","isbn":"9780784411834","usgsCitation":"Thompson, E., Baise, L., Kayen, R.E., Morgan, E., and Kaklamanos, J., 2011, A case study of alternative site response explanatory variables in Parkfield, California, <i>in</i> Geotechnical Special Publication, no. 224, Atlanta, GA, June 26-28, 2011, p. 310-317, https://doi.org/10.1061/41183(418)25.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"317","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218318,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41183(418)25"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Parkfield","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.52757263183594,\n              35.7615576149784\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.28175354003906,\n              35.7615576149784\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.28175354003906,\n              35.97800618085566\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.52757263183594,\n              35.97800618085566\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.52757263183594,\n              35.7615576149784\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"224","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e337e4b0c8380cd45eb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, E.M.","contributorId":104688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baise, L.G.","contributorId":6239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baise","given":"L.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kayen, R. E.","contributorId":14424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morgan, E.C.","contributorId":66509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaklamanos, J.","contributorId":38383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaklamanos","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036473,"text":"70036473 - 2011 - Effects of dynamically variable saturation and matrix-conduit coupling of flow in karst aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036473","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of dynamically variable saturation and matrix-conduit coupling of flow in karst aquifers","docAbstract":"Well-developed karst aquifers consist of highly conductive conduits and a relatively low permeability fractured and/or porous rock matrix and therefore behave as a dual-hydraulic system. Groundwater flow within highly permeable strata is rapid and transient and depends on local flow conditions, i.e., pressurized or nonpressurized flow. The characterization of karst aquifers is a necessary and challenging task because information about hydraulic and spatial conduit properties is poorly defined or unknown. To investigate karst aquifers, hydraulic stresses such as large recharge events can be simulated with hybrid (coupled discrete continuum) models. Since existing hybrid models are simplifications of the system dynamics, a new karst model (ModBraC) is presented that accounts for unsteady and nonuniform discrete flow in variably saturated conduits employing the Saint-Venant equations. Model performance tests indicate that ModBraC is able to simulate (1) unsteady and nonuniform flow in variably filled conduits, (2) draining and refilling of conduits with stable transition between free-surface and pressurized flow and correct storage representation, (3) water exchange between matrix and variably filled conduits, and (4) discharge routing through branched and intermeshed conduit networks. Subsequently, ModBraC is applied to an idealized catchment to investigate the significance of free-surface flow representation. A parameter study is conducted with two different initial conditions: (1) pressurized flow and (2) free-surface flow. If free-surface flow prevails, the systems is characterized by (1) a time lag for signal transmission, (2) a typical spring discharge pattern representing the transition from pressurized to free-surface flow, and (3) a reduced conduit-matrix interaction during free-surface flow. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2011WR010446","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Reimann, T., Geyer, T., Shoemaker, W., Liedl, R., and Sauter, M., 2011, Effects of dynamically variable saturation and matrix-conduit coupling of flow in karst aquifers: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010446.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475272,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011wr010446","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218178,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010446"},{"id":246163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06d8e4b0c8380cd5143c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reimann, Thomas","contributorId":45536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimann","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geyer, T.","contributorId":87791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geyer","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shoemaker, W.B. 0000-0002-7680-377X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-377X","contributorId":51889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liedl, R.","contributorId":52825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedl","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauter, M.","contributorId":32384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauter","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70189939,"text":"70189939 - 2011 - Mechanics of flow and sediment transport in delta distributary channels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T11:34:11","indexId":"70189939","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mechanics of flow and sediment transport in delta distributary channels","docAbstract":"Predicting the planform and dimensions of a channel downstream from a confluence of two smaller channels with known sediment and water supplies is a fundamental, well-studied problem in geomorphology and engineering. An analogous but less well understood problem is found\nwell downstream of such confluences, where large river channels split into two or more distributary channels on a river delta. In this case, both the flow and sediment supplies in the downstream distributaries are set by the dynamics near the bifurcation of the upstream channel and by downstream\nboundary conditions. Over time, the pattern of erosion and deposition in the distributary channels gives rise to variations in the amount of water and sediment routed into them. In the simplest case, this results in channel switching on deltas, but in a more general sense these dynamics produce a rich suite of interesting morphologic change contributing both to the evolution of the channel distributary network and the overall evolution of the delta. As part of a study to develop a better understanding of these processes, we conducted a field study measuring the detailed morphology of the Hong-Luoc junction on the Red River downstream of Hanoi, Vietnam. This junction was selected for such a study because it has a 1,000-year history, modern observations suggest that it is currently switching (changing the proportion of sediment and streamflow provided to each of the distributary channels), and hydrologic configuration of the junction allows for the study of two bifurcations and one confluence in a single junction complex. In this paper, our morphologic observations are used in computational flow models to show how flow and sediment transport changes as a function of total discharge upstream of the junction. This is a key component of understanding how the junction attains stability over a range of flows or how imbalances in the distribution of flow and sediment transport lead to destabilization of the channel bifurcation.","conferenceTitle":"2011 EIT International Conference on Water Resources Engineering","language":"English","publisher":"Proceeding of the 2011 EIT International Conference on Water Resources Engineering","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.M., Kinzel, P.J., Duc Toan, D., Shimizu, Y., and McDonald, R.R., 2011, Mechanics of flow and sediment transport in delta distributary channels, 2011 EIT International Conference on Water Resources Engineering, p. 8-14.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-030356","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353146,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afef572e4b0da30c1bfc90e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duc Toan, Duong","contributorId":195348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duc Toan","given":"Duong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shimizu, Yasuyuki","contributorId":28875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shimizu","given":"Yasuyuki","affiliations":[{"id":25249,"text":"Univ. of Hokkaido, Sapporo,Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":706827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McDonald, Richard R. 0000-0002-0703-0638 rmcd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0638","contributorId":2428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","email":"rmcd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035809,"text":"70035809 - 2011 - Magnitude and timing of downstream channel aggradation and degradation in response to a dome-building eruption at Mount Hood, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-14T12:12:50","indexId":"70035809","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnitude and timing of downstream channel aggradation and degradation in response to a dome-building eruption at Mount Hood, Oregon","docAbstract":"A dome-building eruption at Mount Hood, Oregon, starting in A.D. 1781 and lasting until ca. 1793, produced dome-collapse lithic pyroclastic flows that triggered lahars and intermittently fed 10<sup>8</sup> m<sup>3</sup> of coarse volcaniclastic sediment to sediment reservoirs in headwater canyons of the Sandy River. Mobilization of dominantly sandy sediment from these reservoirs by lahars and seasonal floods initiated downstream migration of a sediment wave that resulted in a profound cycle of aggradation and degradation in the lowermost reach of the river (depositional reach), 61-87 km from the source. Stratigraphic and sedimentologic relations in the alluvial fill, together with dendrochronologic dating of degradation terraces, demonstrate that (1) channel aggradation in response to sediment loading in the headwater canyons raised the river bed in this reach at least 23 m in a decade or less; (2) the transition from aggradation to degradation in the upper part of this reach roughly coincided with the end of the dome-building eruption; (3) fluvial sediment transport and deposition, augmented by one lahar, achieved a minimum average aggradation rate of ~2 m/yr; (4) the degradation phase of the cycle was more prolonged than the aggradation phase, requiring more than half a century for the river to reach its present bed elevation; and (5) the present longitudinal profile of the Sandy River in this reach is at least 3 m above the pre-eruption profile. The pattern and rate of channel response and recovery in the Sandy River following heavy sediment loading resemble those of other rivers similarly subjected to very large sediment inputs. The magnitude of channel aggradation in the lower Sandy River, greater than that achieved at other volcanoes following much larger eruptions, was likely enhanced by lateral confinement of the channel within a narrow incised valley. A combination of at least one lahar and winter floods from frequent moderate-magnitude rainstorms and infrequent very large storms was responsible for flushing large volumes of sediment to the depositional reach. These conditions permitted a sedimentation response in the Sandy River that approached the magnitude of channel aggradation resulting elsewhere from large explosive eruptions and high-intensity rainfall regimes, despite the fact that the Sandy River aggradation was in response to an unremarkable dome-building eruption in a climate dominated by low to moderate rainfall intensities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","doi":"10.1130/B30127.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Pierson, T.C., Pringle, P.T., and Cameron, K.A., 2011, Magnitude and timing of downstream channel aggradation and degradation in response to a dome-building eruption at Mount Hood, Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, no. 1-2, p. 3-20, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30127.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216405,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B30127.1"},{"id":244274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Mount Hood;Sandy River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 122.5,45.0 ], [ 122.5,46.0 ], [ 121.5,46.0 ], [ 121.5,45.0 ], [ 122.5,45.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"123","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4bede4b0c8380cd6988a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pringle, Patrick T.","contributorId":105744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pringle","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cameron, Kenneth A.","contributorId":9085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cameron","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035124,"text":"70035124 - 2011 - Potential for iron oxides to control metal releases in CO2 sequestration scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-01T19:19:59.943077","indexId":"70035124","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5215,"text":"Energy Procedia","onlineIssn":"1876-6102","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential for iron oxides to control metal releases in CO2 sequestration scenarios","docAbstract":"<p><span>The potential for the release of metals into groundwater following the injection of carbon dioxide (CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) into the subsurface during carbon sequestration projects remains an open research question. Changing the chemical composition of even the relatively deep formation brines during CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;injection and storage may be of concern because of the recognized risks associated with the limited potential for leakage of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>-impacted brine to the surface. Geochemical modeling allows for proactive evaluation of site geochemistry before CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;injection takes place to predict whether the release of metals from iron oxides may occur in the reservoir. Geochemical modeling can also help evaluate potential changes in shallow aquifers were CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;leakage to occur near the surface. In this study, we created three batch-reaction models that simulate chemical changes in groundwater resulting from the introduction of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;at two carbon sequestration sites operated by the Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium (MGSC). In each of these models, we input the chemical composition of groundwater samples into React</span><sup>®</sup><span>, and equilibrated them with selected mineral phases and CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;at reservoir pressure and temperature. The model then simulated the kinetic reactions with other mineral phases over a period of up to 100 years. For two of the simulations, the water was also at equilibrium with iron oxide surface complexes. The first model simulated a recently completed enhanced oil recovery (EOR) project in south-central Illinois in which the MGSC injected into, and then produced CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, from a sandstone oil reservoir. The MGSC afterwards periodically measured the brine chemistry from several wells in the reservoir for approximately two years. The sandstone contains a relatively small amount of iron oxide, and the batch simulation for the injection process showed detectable changes in several aqueous species that were attributable to changes in surface complexation sites. After using the batch reaction configuration to match measured geochemical changes due to CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;injection, we modeled potential changes in groundwater chemistry at the Illinois Basin–Decatur Project (IBDP) site in Decatur, Illinois, USA. At the IBDP, the MGSC will inject 1 million tonnes of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;over the course of three years at a depth of about 2&nbsp;km below the surface into the Mt. Simon Formation. Sections of the Mt. Simon Formation contain up to 10 percent iron oxide, and therefore surface complexes on iron oxides should play a major role in controlling brine chemistry. The batch simulation of this system showed a significant decrease in pH after the injection of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;with corresponding changes in brine chemistry resulting from both mineral precipitation/dissolution reactions and changes in the chemistry on iron oxide surfaces. To ensure the safety of shallow drinking water sources, there are several shallow monitoring wells at the IBDP that the MGSC samples regularly to determine baseline chemical concentrations. Knowing what geochemical parameters are most sensitive to CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;disturbances allows us to focus monitoring efforts. Modeling a major influx of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;into the shallow groundwater allowed us to determine that were an introduction of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;to occur, the only immediate effect will be dolomite dissolution and calcite precipitation.</span></p>","conferenceTitle":"10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies","conferenceDate":"September 19-23, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Amsterdam","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.235","usgsCitation":"Berger, P., and Roy, W.R., 2011, Potential for iron oxides to control metal releases in CO2 sequestration scenarios: Energy Procedia, v. 4, p. 3195-3201, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.235.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3195","endPage":"3201","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475170,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.235","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215512,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.235"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7f12e4b0c8380cd7a8d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, P.M.","contributorId":70611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, William R.","contributorId":45454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"William","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036492,"text":"70036492 - 2011 - Wetland vegetation in Manzala lagoon, Nile Delta coast, Egypt: Rapid responses of pollen to altered nile hydrology and land use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T17:43:46.295068","indexId":"70036492","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland vegetation in Manzala lagoon, Nile Delta coast, Egypt: Rapid responses of pollen to altered nile hydrology and land use","docAbstract":"<p><span>The pollen record in a sediment core from Manzala lagoon on the Nile delta coastal margin of Egypt, deposited from&nbsp;</span><i>ca.</i><span>&nbsp;AD 1860 to 1990, indicates rapid coastal wetland vegetation responses to two primary periods of human activity. These are associated with artificially altered Nile hydrologic regimes in proximal areas and distal sectors located to ∼1200&nbsp;km south of Manzala. Freshwater wetland plants that were dominant, such as&nbsp;</span><i>Typha</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Phragmites</i><span>, decreased rapidly, whereas in the early 1900s, brackish water wetland species (</span><i>e.g.</i><span>, Amaranthaceae) increased. This change occurred after closure of the Aswan Low Dam in 1902. The second major modification in the pollen record occurred in the early 1970s, after Aswan High Dam closure from 1965 to 1970, when&nbsp;</span><i>Typha</i><span>&nbsp;pollen abundance increased rapidly. Massive population growth occurred along the Nile during the 130&nbsp;years represented by the core section. During this time, the total volume of lagoon water decreased because of conversion of wetland areas to agricultural land, and input of organic-rich sediment, sewage (municipal, agricultural, industrial), and fertilizer in Manzala lagoon increased markedly. Although the wetland plant community has continued to respond to increasingly intensified and varied human-induced pressures in proximal sectors, the two most marked changes in Manzala pollen best correlate with distal events (</span><i>i.e.</i><span>, closure of the two dams at Aswan). The study also shows that the two major vegetation changes in Manzala lagoon each occurred less than 10&nbsp;years after closure upriver of the Low and High dams that markedly altered the Nile regime from Upper Egypt to the coast.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2112/10A-00001.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Bernhardt, C., Stanley, J., and Horton, B.P., 2011, Wetland vegetation in Manzala lagoon, Nile Delta coast, Egypt: Rapid responses of pollen to altered nile hydrology and land use: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 27, no. 4, p. 731-737, https://doi.org/10.2112/10A-00001.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"731","endPage":"737","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218442,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/10A-00001.1"}],"country":"Egypt","otherGeospatial":"Manzala Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              31.716156005859375,\n              30.99173704508671\n            ],\n            [\n              32.416534423828125,\n              30.99173704508671\n            ],\n            [\n              32.416534423828125,\n              31.60310089533651\n            ],\n            [\n              31.716156005859375,\n              31.60310089533651\n            ],\n            [\n              31.716156005859375,\n              30.99173704508671\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd024e4b08c986b32ecc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernhardt, C.E.","contributorId":65554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, J.-D.","contributorId":19001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"J.-D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horton, B. P.","contributorId":96816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036580,"text":"70036580 - 2011 - Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T20:00:43.658435","indexId":"70036580","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","docAbstract":"<p><span>The BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well was drilled and cored from 606.5 to 760.1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m on the North Slope of Alaska, to evaluate the occurrence, distribution and formation of gas hydrate in sediments below the base of the ice-bearing permafrost. Both the dissolved chloride and the isotopic composition of the water co-vary in the gas hydrate-bearing zones, consistent with gas hydrate dissociation during core recovery, and they provide independent indicators to constrain the zone of gas hydrate occurrence. Analyses of chloride and water isotope data indicate that an observed increase in salinity towards the top of the cored section reflects the presence of residual fluids from ion exclusion during ice formation at the base of the permafrost layer. These salinity changes are the main factor controlling major and minor ion distributions in the Mount Elbert Well. The resulting background chloride can be simulated with a one-dimensional diffusion model, and the results suggest that the ion exclusion at the top of the cored section reflects deepening of the permafrost layer following the last glaciation (∼100</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>kyr), consistent with published thermal models. Gas hydrate saturation values estimated from dissolved chloride agree with estimates based on logging data when the gas hydrate occupies more than 20% of the pore space; the correlation is less robust at lower saturation values. The highest gas hydrate concentrations at the Mount Elbert Well are clearly associated with coarse-grained sedimentary sections, as expected from theoretical calculations and field observations in marine and other arctic sediment cores.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Torres, M., Collett, T.S., Rose, K., Sample, J., Agena, W.F., and Rosenbaum, E., 2011, Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 332-342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"332","endPage":"342","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217586,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -167.6953125,\n              67.64267630796034\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.44921875,\n              67.64267630796034\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.44921875,\n              71.91088787611527\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.6953125,\n              71.91088787611527\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.6953125,\n              67.64267630796034\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7dc8e4b0c8380cd7a15d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torres, M.E.","contributorId":58443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rose, K.K.","contributorId":102306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sample, J.C.","contributorId":50006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sample","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Agena, Warren F. wagena@usgs.gov","contributorId":3181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agena","given":"Warren","email":"wagena@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosenbaum, E.J.","contributorId":37575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034418,"text":"70034418 - 2011 - Response of spectral vegetation indices to soil moisture in grasslands and shrublands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T13:56:16","indexId":"70034418","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of spectral vegetation indices to soil moisture in grasslands and shrublands","docAbstract":"<p><span>The relationships between satellite-derived vegetation indices (VIs) and soil moisture are complicated because of the time lag of the vegetation response to soil moisture. In this study, we used a distributed lag regression model to evaluate the lag responses of VIs to soil moisture for grasslands and shrublands at Soil Climate Analysis Network sites in the central and western United States. We examined the relationships between Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived VIs and soil moisture measurements. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) showed significant lag responses to soil moisture. The lag length varies from 8 to 56 days for NDVI and from 16 to 56 days for NDWI. However, the lag response of NDVI and NDWI to soil moisture varied among the sites. Our study suggests that the lag effect needs to be taken into consideration when the VIs are used to estimate soil moisture.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2010.496471","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Zhang, L., Ji, L., and Wylie, B.K., 2011, Response of spectral vegetation indices to soil moisture in grasslands and shrublands: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 32, no. 18, p. 5267-5286, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.496471.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"5267","endPage":"5286","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216802,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.496471"}],"volume":"32","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa6ce4b0c8380cd86313","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Li","contributorId":98139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ji, Lei 0000-0002-6133-1036 lji@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-1036","contributorId":139587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"Lei","email":"lji@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034416,"text":"70034416 - 2011 - Evaluating gull diets: A comparison of conventional methods and stable isotope analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T11:33:06","indexId":"70034416","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating gull diets: A comparison of conventional methods and stable isotope analysis","docAbstract":"<p><span>Samples such as regurgitated pellets and food remains have traditionally been used in studies of bird diets, but these can produce biased estimates depending on the digestibility of different foods. Stable isotope analysis has been developed as a method for assessing bird diets that is not biased by digestibility. These two methods may provide complementary or conflicting information on diets of birds, but are rarely compared directly. We analyzed carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of feathers of Glaucous Gull (</span><i>Larus hyperboreus)</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>chicks from eight breeding colonies in northern Alaska, and used a Bayesian mixing model to generate a probability distribution for the contribution of each food group to diets. We compared these model results with probability distributions from conventional diet samples (pellets and food remains) from the same colonies and time periods. Relative to the stable isotope estimates, conventional analysis often overestimated the contributions of birds and small mammals to gull diets and often underestimated the contributions of fish and zooplankton. Both methods gave similar estimates for the contributions of scavenged caribou, miscellaneous marine foods, and garbage to diets. Pellets and food remains therefore may be useful for assessing the importance of garbage relative to certain other foods in diets of gulls and similar birds, but are clearly inappropriate for estimating the potential impact of gulls on birds, small mammals, or fish. However, conventional samples provide more species-level information than stable isotope analysis, so a combined approach would be most useful for diet analysis and assessing a predator's impact on particular prey groups.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00333.x","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Weiser, E., and Powell, A.N., 2011, Evaluating gull diets: A comparison of conventional methods and stable isotope analysis: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 82, no. 3, p. 297-310, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00333.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-021219","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216772,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00333.x"}],"volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0be5e4b0c8380cd5291e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiser, Emily L.","contributorId":171678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiser","given":"Emily L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, Abby N. 0000-0002-9783-134X abby_powell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-134X","contributorId":171426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036667,"text":"70036667 - 2011 - Upscaling carbon fluxes over the Great Plains grasslands: Sinks and sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T13:58:06","indexId":"70036667","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upscaling carbon fluxes over the Great Plains grasslands: Sinks and sources","docAbstract":"Previous studies suggested that the grasslands may be carbon sinks or near equilibrium, and they often shift between carbon sources in drought years and carbon sinks in other years. It is important to understand the responses of net ecosystem production (NEP) to various climatic conditions across the U.S. Great Plains grasslands. Based on 15 grassland flux towers, we developed a piecewise regression model and mapped the grassland NEP at 250 m spatial resolution over the Great Plains from 2000 to 2008. The results showed that the Great Plains was a net sink with an averaged annual NEP of 24 ± 14 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>, ranging from a low value of 0.3 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> in 2002 to a high value of 47.7 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> in 2005. The regional averaged NEP for the entire Great Plains grasslands was estimated to be 336 Tg C yr<sup>−1</sup> from 2000 to 2008. In the 9 year period including 4 dry years, the annual NEP was very variable in both space and time. It appeared that the carbon gains for the Great Plains were more sensitive to droughts in the west than the east. The droughts in 2000, 2002, 2006, and 2008 resulted in increased carbon losses over drought-affected areas, and the Great Plains grasslands turned into a relatively low sink with NEP values of 15.8, 0.3, 20.1, and 10.2 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> for the 4 years, respectively.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2010JG001504","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Zhang, L., Wylie, B.K., Ji, L., Gilmanov, T.G., Tieszen, L.L., and Howar, D.M., 2011, Upscaling carbon fluxes over the Great Plains grasslands: Sinks and sources: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 116, no. 1, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001504.","productDescription":"Article G00J03; 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475349,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jg001504","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217529,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001504"}],"volume":"116","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd6de4b08c986b329006","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Li","contributorId":98139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ji, Lei 0000-0002-6133-1036 lji@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-1036","contributorId":2832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"Lei","email":"lji@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilmanov, Tagir G.","contributorId":82162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmanov","given":"Tagir","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tieszen, Larry L. tieszen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"Larry","email":"tieszen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":457239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Howar, Daniel M.","contributorId":88984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howar","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036671,"text":"70036671 - 2011 - Bed composition generation for morphodynamic modeling: Case study of San Pablo Bay in California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T20:04:29.600591","indexId":"70036671","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Bed composition generation for morphodynamic modeling: Case study of San Pablo Bay in California, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Applications of process-based morphodynamic models are often constrained by limited availability of data on bed composition, which may have a considerable impact on the modeled morphodynamic development. One may even distinguish a period of “morphodynamic spin-up” in which the model generates the bed level according to some ill-defined initial bed composition rather than describing the realistic behavior of the system. The present paper proposes a methodology to generate bed composition of multiple sand and/or mud fractions that can act as the initial condition for the process-based numerical model Delft3D. The bed composition generation (BCG) run does not include bed level changes, but does permit the redistribution of multiple sediment fractions over the modeled domain. The model applies the concept of an active layer that may differ in sediment composition above an underlayer with fixed composition. In the case of a BCG run, the bed level is kept constant, whereas the bed composition can change. The approach is applied to San Pablo Bay in California, USA. Model results show that the BCG run reallocates sand and mud fractions over the model domain. Initially, a major sediment reallocation takes place, but development rates decrease in the longer term. Runs that take the outcome of a BCG run as a starting point lead to more gradual morphodynamic development. Sensitivity analysis shows the impact of variations in the morphological factor, the active layer thickness, and wind waves. An important but difficult to characterize criterion for a successful application of a BCG run is that it should not lead to a bed composition that fixes the bed so that it dominates the “natural” morphodynamic development of the system. Future research will focus on a decadal morphodynamic hindcast and comparison with measured bathymetries in San Pablo Bay so that the proposed methodology can be tested and optimized.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10236-010-0314-2","issn":"16167341","usgsCitation":"van der Wegen, M., Dastgheib, A., Jaffe, B.E., and Roelvink, D., 2011, Bed composition generation for morphodynamic modeling: Case study of San Pablo Bay in California, USA, v. 61, no. 2-3, p. 173-186, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-010-0314-2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"186","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475630,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-010-0314-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217591,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10236-010-0314-2"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Pablo Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.72277832031251,\n              37.81846319511331\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9647216796875,\n              37.81846319511331\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9647216796875,\n              38.272688535980976\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.72277832031251,\n              38.272688535980976\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.72277832031251,\n              37.81846319511331\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f03ae4b0c8380cd4a671","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van der Wegen, M.","contributorId":106720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van der Wegen","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dastgheib, A.","contributorId":72623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dastgheib","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roelvink, D.","contributorId":26516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelvink","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034360,"text":"70034360 - 2011 - Analysis of dispersion and attenuation of surface waves in poroelastic media in the exploration-seismic frequency band","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T12:21:15.950809","indexId":"70034360","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of dispersion and attenuation of surface waves in poroelastic media in the exploration-seismic frequency band","docAbstract":"<p class=\"chapter-para\">We analyse dispersion and attenuation of surface waves at free surfaces of possible vacuum/poroelastic media: permeable-‘open pore’, impermeable-‘closed pore’ and partially permeable boundaries, which have not been previously reported in detail by researchers, under different surface-permeable, viscous-damping, elastic and fluid-flowing conditions. Our discussion is focused on their characteristics in the exploration-seismic frequency band (a few through 200 Hz) for near-surface applications. We find two surface-wave modes exist,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i>1 waves for all conditions, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i>2 waves for closed-pore and partially permeable conditions. For<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i>1 waves, velocities disperse most under partially permeable conditions and least under the open-pore condition. High-coupling damping coefficients move the main dispersion frequency range to high frequencies. There is an<span>&nbsp;</span><i>f</i><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>frequency dependence as a constant-<i>Q</i><span>&nbsp;</span>model for attenuation at high frequencies.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i>1 waves for the open pore are most sensitive to elastic modulus variation, but least sensitive to tortuosities variation.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i>1 waves for partially permeable surface radiate as non-physical waves (Im(<i>k</i>) &lt; 0) at low frequencies. For<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i>2 waves, velocities are slightly lower than the bulk slow<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i>2 waves. At low frequencies, both velocity and attenuation are diffusive of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>f</i><sup>1/2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>frequency dependence, as<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i>2 waves. It is found that for partially permeable surfaces, the attenuation displays -<i>f</i><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>frequency dependence as frequency increasing. High surface permeability, low-coupling damping coefficients, low Poisson′s ratios, and low tortuosities increase the slope of the -<i>f</i><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>dependence. When the attenuation coefficients reach 0,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i>2 waves for partially permeable surface begin to radiate as non-physical waves.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05168.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Zhang, Y., Xu, Y., and Xia, J., 2011, Analysis of dispersion and attenuation of surface waves in poroelastic media in the exploration-seismic frequency band: Geophysical Journal International, v. 187, no. 2, p. 871-888, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05168.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"871","endPage":"888","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2011.05168.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"187","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb10e4b0c8380cd48bb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Y.","contributorId":59969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035872,"text":"70035872 - 2011 - Bathymetric controls on Pliocene North Atlantic and Arctic sea surface temperature and deepwater production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-08T20:54:46.048631","indexId":"70035872","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bathymetric controls on Pliocene North Atlantic and Arctic sea surface temperature and deepwater production","docAbstract":"<p><span>The mid-Pliocene warm period (MPWP; ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>3.3 to 3.0</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma) is the most recent interval in Earth's history in which global temperatures reached and remained at levels similar to those projected for the near future. The distribution of global warmth, however, was different than today in that the high latitudes warmed more than the tropics. Multiple temperature proxies indicate significant sea surface warming in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans during the MPWP, but predictions from a fully coupled ocean–atmosphere model (HadCM3) have so far been unable to fully predict the large scale of sea surface warming in the high latitudes. If climate proxies accurately represent Pliocene conditions, and if no weakness exists in the physics of the model, then model boundary conditions may be in error. Here we alter a single boundary condition (bathymetry) to examine if Pliocene high latitude warming was aided by an increase in poleward heat transport due to changes in the subsidence of North Atlantic Ocean ridges. We find an increase in both Arctic sea surface temperature and deepwater production in model experiments that incorporate a deepened Greenland–Scotland Ridge. These results offer both a mechanism for the warming in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans indicated by numerous proxies and an explanation for the apparent disparity between proxy data and model simulations of Pliocene northern North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean conditions. Determining the causes of Pliocene warmth remains critical to fully understanding comparisons of the Pliocene warm period to possible future climate change scenarios.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.004","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Robinson, M.M., Valdes, P., Haywood, A., Dowsett, H., Hill, D., and Jones, S., 2011, Bathymetric controls on Pliocene North Atlantic and Arctic sea surface temperature and deepwater production: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 309, no. 1-2, p. 92-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.004.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"97","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216440,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.004"}],"otherGeospatial":"North Atlantic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -54.4921875,\n              42.5530802889558\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.84375,\n              42.5530802889558\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.84375,\n              60.58696734225869\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.4921875,\n              60.58696734225869\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.4921875,\n              42.5530802889558\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"309","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f001e4b0c8380cd4a56d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097 mmrobinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":2082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci","email":"mmrobinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valdes, P.J.","contributorId":77331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdes","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haywood, A.M.","contributorId":101050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haywood","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dowsett, H.J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":87924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, D.J.","contributorId":102291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, S.M.","contributorId":82523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034351,"text":"70034351 - 2011 - Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T14:37:52.160923","indexId":"70034351","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the present study a branched serial first‐order decay (BSFOD) model is presented and used to derive transformation rates describing the decay of a common herbicide, atrazine, and its metabolites observed in unsaturated soils adapted to previous atrazine applications and in soils with no history of atrazine applications. Calibration of BSFOD models for soils throughout the country can reduce the uncertainty, relative to that of traditional models, in predicting the fate and transport of pesticides and their metabolites and thus support improved agricultural management schemes for reducing threats to the environment. Results from application of the BSFOD model to better understand the degradation of atrazine supports two previously reported conclusions: atrazine (6‐chloro‐</span><i>N</i><span>‐ethyl‐</span><i>N</i><span>′‐(1‐methylethyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐diamine) and its primary metabolites are less persistent in adapted soils than in nonadapted soils; and hydroxyatrazine was the dominant primary metabolite in most of the soils tested. In addition, a method to simulate BSFOD in a one‐dimensional solute‐transport unsaturated zone model is also presented.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.597","usgsCitation":"Webb, R.M., Sandstrom, M.W., Krutz, L., and Shaner, D., 2011, Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 9, p. 1973-1981, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.597.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1973","endPage":"1981","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244656,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9014e4b08c986b3192e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, R. M.","contributorId":97065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandstrom, Mark W. 0000-0003-0006-5675 sandstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-5675","contributorId":706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandstrom","given":"Mark","email":"sandstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krutz, L.J.","contributorId":22605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krutz","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shaner, D. L.","contributorId":70215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaner","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033842,"text":"70033842 - 2011 - Search behavior of arboreal insectivorous migrants at gulf coast stopover sites in spring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-28T13:31:16","indexId":"70033842","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Search behavior of arboreal insectivorous migrants at gulf coast stopover sites in spring","docAbstract":"Search behavior of arboreal insectivorous migrants was studied at three stopover sites along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico during spring migrations, 1993–1995. We examined if search behavior was affected by phylogeny, or by environmental factors. A sequence of search movements (hop, flutter, or flight) in a foraging bout was recorded for each migrant encountered. Search rate, frequency, and distance of movements were calculated for each species. Search rate was positively correlated with proportion of hop, but negatively correlated to flight distance. Hop distance was positively correlated to tarsus length, as was flight distance to wing length for the 31 species of migrants. Cluster analysis indicated closely related species generally have similar foraging modes, which range from “sit-and-wait” of flycatchers to “widely foraging” of warblers. Migrants tended to use more hops in dense vegetation, but more flights in areas with sparse vegetation. Migrants also used more flights when foraging in mixed-species flocks and during periods of high migrant density. Logistic models indicated warblers were more influenced by environmental factors than vireos, possibly because warblers are near-perch searchers and more affected by these factors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Waco, TX","doi":"10.1676/10-077.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Chen, C., Barrow, W., Ouchley, K., and Hamilton, R., 2011, Search behavior of arboreal insectivorous migrants at gulf coast stopover sites in spring: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 123, no. 2, p. 347-359, https://doi.org/10.1676/10-077.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"359","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214444,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/10-077.1"},{"id":242172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b883de4b08c986b31688a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Chao-Chieh","contributorId":27282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Chao-Chieh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barrow, W.C. Jr. 0000-0003-4671-2823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":11183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"W.C.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ouchley, K.","contributorId":9422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ouchley","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, R.B.","contributorId":63509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036269,"text":"70036269 - 2011 - Spatial connectivity in a highly heterogeneous aquifer: From cores to preferential flow paths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-20T18:13:23.674799","indexId":"70036269","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial connectivity in a highly heterogeneous aquifer: From cores to preferential flow paths","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study investigates connectivity in a small portion of the extremely heterogeneous aquifer at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) site in Columbus, Mississippi. A total of 19 fully penetrating soil cores were collected from a rectangular grid of 4 m by 4 m. Detailed grain size analysis was performed on 5 cm segments of each core, yielding 1740 hydraulic conductivity (</span><i>K</i><span>) estimates. Three different geostatistical simulation methods were used to generate 3‐D conditional realizations of the&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;field for the sampled block. Particle tracking calculations showed that the fastest particles, as represented by the first 5% to arrive, converge along preferential flow paths and exit the model domain within preferred areas. These 5% fastest flow paths accounted for about 40% of the flow. The distribution of preferential flow paths and particle exit locations is clearly influenced by the occurrence of clusters formed by interconnected cells with&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;equal to or greater than the 0.9 decile of the data distribution (10% of the volume). The fraction of particle paths within the high‐</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;clusters ranges from 43% to 69%. In variogram‐based&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;fields, some of the fastest paths are through media with lower&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;values, suggesting that transport connectivity may not require fully connected zones of relatively homogenous&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>. The high degree of flow and transport connectivity was confirmed by the values of two groups of connectivity indicators. In particular, the ratio between effective and geometric mean&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;(on average, about 2) and the ratio between the average arrival time and the arrival time of the fastest particles (on average, about 9) are consistent with flow and advective transport behavior characterized by channeling along preferential flow paths.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2009WR008966","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Bianchi, M., Zheng, C., Wilson, C., Tick, G., Liu, G., and Gorelick, S., 2011, Spatial connectivity in a highly heterogeneous aquifer: From cores to preferential flow paths: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 5, W05524, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008966.","productDescription":"W05524, 18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475335,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009wr008966","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218522,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008966"}],"volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b945ee4b08c986b31aa33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bianchi, M.","contributorId":39626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bianchi","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zheng, C.","contributorId":39976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, C.","contributorId":16260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tick, G.R.","contributorId":60065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tick","given":"G.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gorelick, S.M.","contributorId":21589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033843,"text":"70033843 - 2011 - An enhanced TIMESAT algorithm for estimating vegetation phenology metrics from MODIS data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033843","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An enhanced TIMESAT algorithm for estimating vegetation phenology metrics from MODIS data","docAbstract":"An enhanced TIMESAT algorithm was developed for retrieving vegetation phenology metrics from 250 m and 500 m spatial resolution Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) vegetation indexes (VI) over North America. MODIS VI data were pre-processed using snow-cover and land surface temperature data, and temporally smoothed with the enhanced TIMESAT algorithm. An objective third derivative test was applied to define key phenology dates and retrieve a set of phenology metrics. This algorithm has been applied to two MODIS VIs: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). In this paper, we describe the algorithm and use EVI as an example to compare three sets of TIMESAT algorithm/MODIS VI combinations: a) original TIMESAT algorithm with original MODIS VI, b) original TIMESAT algorithm with pre-processed MODIS VI, and c) enhanced TIMESAT and pre-processed MODIS VI. All retrievals were compared with ground phenology observations, some made available through the National Phenology Network. Our results show that for MODIS data in middle to high latitude regions, snow and land surface temperature information is critical in retrieving phenology metrics from satellite observations. The results also show that the enhanced TIMESAT algorithm can better accommodate growing season start and end dates that vary significantly from year to year. The TIMESAT algorithm improvements contribute to more spatial coverage and more accurate retrievals of the phenology metrics. Among three sets of TIMESAT/MODIS VI combinations, the start of the growing season metric predicted by the enhanced TIMESAT algorithm using pre-processed MODIS VIs has the best associations with ground observed vegetation greenup dates. ?? 2010 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2075916","usgsCitation":"Tan, B., Morisette, J., Wolfe, R., Gao, F., Ederer, G., Nightingale, J., and Pedelty, J., 2011, An enhanced TIMESAT algorithm for estimating vegetation phenology metrics from MODIS data, <i>in</i> IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, v. 4, no. 2, p. 361-371, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2075916.","startPage":"361","endPage":"371","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214475,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2075916"},{"id":242203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea3be4b0c8380cd4870a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tan, B.","contributorId":32742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morisette, J.T.","contributorId":57029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morisette","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolfe, R.E.","contributorId":98073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gao, F.","contributorId":60575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gao","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ederer, G.A.","contributorId":75346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ederer","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nightingale, J.","contributorId":29656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nightingale","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pedelty, J.A.","contributorId":41788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pedelty","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034334,"text":"70034334 - 2011 - Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-07T14:07:06","indexId":"70034334","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change","docAbstract":"Broad-scale studies of climate change effects on freshwater species have focused mainly on temperature, ignoring critical drivers such as flow regime and biotic interactions. We use downscaled outputs from general circulation models coupled with a hydrologic model to forecast the effects of altered flows and increased temperatures on four interacting species of trout across the interior western United States (1.01 million km<sup>2</sup>), based on empirical statistical models built from fish surveys at 9,890 sites. Projections under the 2080s A1B emissions scenario forecast a mean 47% decline in total suitable habitat for all trout, a group of fishes of major socioeconomic and ecological significance. We project that native cutthroat trout <i>Oncorhynchus clarkii</i>, already excluded from much of its potential range by nonnative species, will lose a further 58% of habitat due to an increase in temperatures beyond the species' physiological optima and continued negative biotic interactions. Habitat for nonnative brook trout <i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i> and brown trout <i>Salmo trutta</i> is predicted to decline by 77% and 48%, respectively, driven by increases in temperature and winter flood frequency caused by warmer, rainier winters. Habitat for rainbow trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, is projected to decline the least (35%) because negative temperature effects are partly offset by flow regime shifts that benefit the species. These results illustrate how drivers other than temperature influence species response to climate change. Despite some uncertainty, large declines in trout habitat are likely, but our findings point to opportunities for strategic targeting of mitigation efforts to appropriate stressors and locations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1103097108","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Wenger, S., Isaak, D., Luce, C., Neville, H., Fausch, K., Dunham, J., Dauwalter, D., Young, M., Elsner, M., Rieman, B., Hamlet, A., and Williams, J., 2011, Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 108, no. 34, p. 14175-14180, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1103097108.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"14175","endPage":"14180","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475397,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3161569","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216976,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1103097108"},{"id":244881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,18.9 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"108","issue":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a124ee4b0c8380cd5425f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenger, S.J.","contributorId":51883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenger","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Isaak, D.J.","contributorId":77326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaak","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luce, C.H.","contributorId":81057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luce","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neville, H.M.","contributorId":79836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neville","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fausch, K.D. 0000-0001-5825-7560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7560","contributorId":84097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fausch","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunham, J. B. 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":96637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dauwalter, D.C.","contributorId":91687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dauwalter","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Young, M.K.","contributorId":62038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Elsner, M.M.","contributorId":43202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elsner","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rieman, B.E.","contributorId":67283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieman","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hamlet, A.F.","contributorId":81723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlet","given":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Williams, J.E.","contributorId":14768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70175388,"text":"70175388 - 2011 - Chapter 6: Detectability adjusted count models of songbird abundance","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175388,"text":"70175388 - 2011 - Chapter 6: Detectability adjusted count models of songbird abundance","indexId":"70175388","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"chapter":"6","title":"Chapter 6: Detectability adjusted count models of songbird abundance"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70118768,"text":"70118768 - 2011 - Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","indexId":"70118768","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T14:23:49.750715","indexId":"70175388","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"6","title":"Chapter 6: Detectability adjusted count models of songbird abundance","docAbstract":"<p>Sagebrush (<i>Artemisia</i> spp.) steppe ecosystems have experienced recent changes resulting not only in the loss of habitat but also fragmentation and degradation of remaining habitats. As a result, sagebrush-obligate and sagebrush associated songbird populations have experienced population declines over the past several decades. We examined landscape-scale responses in occupancy and abundance for six focal songbird species at 318 survey sites across the Wyoming Basins Ecoregional Assessment (WBEA) area. Occupancy and abundance models were fit for each species using datasets developed at multiple moving window extents to assess landscape-scale relationships between abiotic, habitat, and anthropogenic factors. Anthropogenic factors had less influence on species occupancy or abundance than abiotic and habitat factors. Sagebrush measures were strong predictors of occurrence for sagebrush-obligate species, such as Brewer’s sparrows (<i>Spizella breweri</i>), sage sparrows (<i>Amphispiza</i> <i>belli</i>) and sage thrashers (<i>Oreoscoptes montanus</i>), as well as green-tailed towhees (<i>Pipilo chlorurus</i>), a species associated with mountain shrub communities. Occurrence for lark sparrows (<i>Chondestes</i> <i>grammacus</i>) and vesper sparrows (<i>Pooecetes gramineus</i>), considered shrub steppe-associated species, was also related to big sagebrush communities, but at large spatial extents. Although relationships between anthropogenic variables and occurrence were weak for most species, the consistent relationship with sagebrush habitat variables suggests direct habitat loss and not edge or additional fragmentation effects are causing declines in the avifauna examined in the WBEA area. Thus, natural and anthropogenic disturbances that result in loss of critical habitats are the biggest threats to these species. We applied our models spatially across the WBEA area to identify and prioritize key areas for conservation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, Kansas","isbn":"978-0-615-55530-0","usgsCitation":"Aldridge, C.L., Hanser, S.E., Nielsen, S.E., Leu, M., Cade, B.S., Saher, D.J., and Knick, S.T., 2011, Chapter 6: Detectability adjusted count models of songbird abundance, chap. 6 <i>of</i> Sagebrush ecosystem conservation and management: Ecoregional assessment tools and models for the Wyoming Basins, p. 141-220.","productDescription":"80 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"220","numberOfPages":"80","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326272,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378024,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70175388/70175388.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.060791015625,\n              40.9964840143779\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.060791015625,\n              45.00365115687189\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.051513671875,\n              45.00365115687189\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.051513671875,\n              40.9964840143779\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.060791015625,\n              40.9964840143779\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been given express permission by the publisher to provide full-text access online for this publication, and is posted with the express permission from the Publications Warehouse Guidance Subcommittee","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a9ad42e4b05e859bdfb8bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":797680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanser, Steve E. 0000-0002-4430-2073 shanser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-2073","contributorId":152523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steve","email":"shanser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nielsen, Scott E.","contributorId":65190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leu, Matthias","contributorId":68393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leu","given":"Matthias","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Saher, D. Joanne saherj@usgs.gov","contributorId":173537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saher","given":"D.","email":"saherj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joanne","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":797685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70190324,"text":"70190324 - 2011 - Barriers on the brink? The complex intertwined roles of geologic framework, sediment availability and sea-level rise in island evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T18:23:20","indexId":"70190324","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Barriers on the brink? The complex intertwined roles of geologic framework, sediment availability and sea-level rise in island evolution","docAbstract":"<div><div id=\"widget-13575\" class=\"widget type-publication-content ui-helper-clearfix\"><div class=\"view\"><div class=\"view-inner\"><div class=\"no-box publicationContentDiv\"><div id=\"articleContent\"><div class=\"NLM_book\"><div class=\"NLM_body\"><div class=\"NLM_book-part\"><div class=\"NLM_book-part-meta\"><div class=\"NLM_abstract\"><p checked=\"checked\" name=\"doi\" value=\"10.1142/9789814355537_0021\" type=\"checkbox\">Sensitivity experiments in the North Carolina Outer Banks (OBX) have previously revealed that substrate sand proportion, followed by substrate slope, sea-level rise rate and sediment-loss rate are the most important factors in determining how barrier islands respond to sea-level rise. High sediment-loss rates and low substrate sand proportions cause barriers to be smaller and more deeply incised. Thus, as sea level rise rates increase, more deeply incised barriers do not need to migrate as far landward as larger, less-incised barriers to liberate sand from the shoreface. However, if the combination of sand losses and substrate sand proportions requires a barrier to migrate landward faster than the shoreface can erode to replenish losses, a barrier will change state and begin to disintegrate. Because the substrate of the OBXis sand-rich, these barriers are likely to persist in the near-term. In contrast, model simulations for the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana suggest sediment loss rates are too high and/or substrate sand proportions are too low to be matched by liberation of shoreface sand. These simulations further suggest that a state change, from a landward-migrating barrier system to a subaqueous shoal complex, is either already underway or imminent.<br></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2011","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2011","conferenceDate":"May 2-6, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Miami, FL","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific","doi":"10.1142/9789814355537_0021","isbn":"978-981-4355-52-0","usgsCitation":"Moore, L., List, J., Williams, S.J., and Patsch, K., 2011, Barriers on the brink? The complex intertwined roles of geologic framework, sediment availability and sea-level rise in island evolution, <i>in</i> The proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2011, Miami, FL, May 2-6, 2011, p. 272-285, https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814355537_0021.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"285","ipdsId":"IP-026070","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345164,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a288cbe4b077f0056692b5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rosati, Julie D.","contributorId":112486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosati","given":"Julie D.","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708524,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Ping","contributorId":78646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Ping","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708525,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roberts, Tiffany M.","contributorId":114195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Tiffany","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708526,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Laura","contributorId":19090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":24532,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":127596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, S. Jeffress 0000-0002-1326-7420 jwilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-7420","contributorId":2063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.","email":"jwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jeffress","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patsch, Kiki","contributorId":174649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patsch","given":"Kiki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13014,"text":"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033848,"text":"70033848 - 2011 - Cumulative effects of restoration efforts on ecological characteristics of an open water area within the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033848","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cumulative effects of restoration efforts on ecological characteristics of an open water area within the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Ecological restoration efforts in large rivers generally aim to ameliorate ecological effects associated with large-scale modification of those rivers. This study examined whether the effects of restoration efforts-specifically those of island construction-within a largely open water restoration area of the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) might be seen at the spatial scale of that 3476ha area. The cumulative effects of island construction, when observed over multiple years, were postulated to have made the restoration area increasingly similar to a positive reference area (a proximate area comprising contiguous backwater areas) and increasingly different from two negative reference areas. The negative reference areas represented the Mississippi River main channel in an area proximate to the restoration area and an open water area in a related Mississippi River reach that has seen relatively little restoration effort. Inferences on the effects of restoration were made by comparing constrained and unconstrained models of summer chlorophyll a (CHL), summer inorganic suspended solids (ISS) and counts of benthic mayfly larvae. Constrained models forced trends in means or in both means and sampling variances to become, over time, increasingly similar to those in the positive reference area and increasingly dissimilar to those in the negative reference areas. Trends were estimated over 12- (mayflies) or 14-year sampling periods, and were evaluated using model information criteria. Based on these methods, restoration effects were observed for CHL and mayflies while evidence in favour of restoration effects on ISS was equivocal. These findings suggest that the cumulative effects of island building at relatively large spatial scales within large rivers may be estimated using data from large-scale surveillance monitoring programs. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.1375","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Gray, B., Shi, W., Houser, J., Rogala, J.T., Guan, Z., and Cochran-Biederman, J.L., 2011, Cumulative effects of restoration efforts on ecological characteristics of an open water area within the Upper Mississippi River: River Research and Applications, v. 27, no. 5, p. 537-549, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1375.","startPage":"537","endPage":"549","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214533,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1375"},{"id":242268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd0ae4b0c8380cd4e5d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, B. R. 0000-0001-7682-9550","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":14785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shi, W.","contributorId":6274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Houser, J.N.","contributorId":91603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rogala, J. T.","contributorId":28572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogala","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guan, Z.","contributorId":86188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guan","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cochran-Biederman, J. L.","contributorId":46318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran-Biederman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035363,"text":"70035363 - 2011 - Hunter perceptions and acceptance of alternative deer management regulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-24T20:05:46.728866","indexId":"70035363","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hunter perceptions and acceptance of alternative deer management regulations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wildlife managers are often confronted with a policy paradox where a majority of the public supports an outcome, but there is no agreement on specific management strategies to achieve this outcome. Previous research has also reported a link between regulatory acceptance, hunter satisfaction, and hunter participation rates. Thus, human dimensions research aimed at understanding hunter motivations and behavior is needed for effective management. In 2005, we surveyed Minnesota (USA) deer hunters (</span><i>n</i><span> = 6,000; 59% response) to evaluate attitudes regarding alternative deer (</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus</i><span>) harvest regulations. We also conducted a series of forced choice experiments in which respondents were asked to select an option from a list of representative regulations that might be adopted to achieve a particular deer management goal. Specifically, we modeled 5 deer population scenarios ranging from low populations with high buck‐harvest rates to populations 50% over goal density. Our results indicate that hunters preferred different regulations depending on the population scenario, but generally preferred antler‐point restrictions and disliked limiting buck licenses through a lottery. We also found consistency among scenarios, in that a small percentage of respondents indicated they would not hunt if regulations were changed. The results from this study should help wildlife managers design deer harvest regulations that are both acceptable to hunters and achieve management objectives</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.51","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Cornicelli, L., Fulton, D.C., Grund, M., and Fieberg, J., 2011, Hunter perceptions and acceptance of alternative deer management regulations: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 35, no. 3, p. 323-329, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.51.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"329","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":499959,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/827848207d4d4e6dae0abf50c8f540a7","text":"External Repository"},{"id":242941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215162,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.51"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a328ee4b0c8380cd5e8dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cornicelli, L.","contributorId":62851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornicelli","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887 dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grund, M.D.","contributorId":92865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grund","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fieberg, J.","contributorId":106070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fieberg","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033849,"text":"70033849 - 2011 - Modifications to existing ground-motion prediction equations in light of new data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T12:06:31.055778","indexId":"70033849","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modifications to existing ground-motion prediction equations in light of new data","docAbstract":"<p>We compare our recent ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for western North America (WNA; Boore and Atkinson, 2008 [BA08]) and eastern North America (ENA; Atkinson and Boore, 2006 [AB06]; Atkinson, 2008 [A08]) to newly available ground-motion data. Based on these comparisons, we suggest revisions to our GMPEs for both WNA and ENA. The revisions for WNA affect only those events with M ≤ 5:75, while those for ENA affect all magnitudes. These are simple modi[1]fications to the existing GMPEs that bring them into significantly better agreement with data. The wealth of new data clearly demonstrates that these modifications are warranted; we therefore recommend the use of the updated equations for seismic hazard analyses and other applications. More detailed studies are under way by many investigators (including ourselves) to develop a new generation of ground-motion models in both WNA and ENA from scratch, through a comprehensive reevaluation of source, path, site, and modeling issues. In time, those more complete models will replace those proposed in this study. However, as the new models will be several years in development, we recommend using the modified models proposed herein, labeled BA08′ (for WNA), AB06′ (for ENA), and A08′ (for ENA, to replace A08), as interim updates to our existing models. The proposed models are in demonstrable agreement with a rich database of ground motions for moderate-magnitude earthquakes in both WNA and ENA and are constrained at larger magnitudes by the BA08 magnitude and distance scaling.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120100270","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Atkinson, G.M., and Boore, D., 2011, Modifications to existing ground-motion prediction equations in light of new data: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 3, p. 1121-1135, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100270.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1121","endPage":"1135","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242302,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5cbae4b0c8380cd6fede","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkinson, G. M.","contributorId":69283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boore, D.M. 0000-0002-8605-9673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":64226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034271,"text":"70034271 - 2011 - Peat Formation Processes Through the Millennia in Tidal Marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034271","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peat Formation Processes Through the Millennia in Tidal Marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine peat formation processes throughout the millennia in four tidal marshes in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Peat cores collected at each site were analyzed for bulk density, loss on ignition, and percent organic carbon. Core data and spline fit age-depth models were used to estimate inorganic sedimentation, organic accumulation, and carbon sequestration rates in the marshes. Bulk density and percent organic matter content of peat fluctuated through time at all sites, suggesting that peat formation processes are dynamic and responsive to watershed conditions. The balance between inorganic sedimentation and organic accumulation at the sites also varied through time, indicating that marshes may rely more strongly on either inorganic or organic matter for peat formation at particular times in their existence. Mean carbon sequestration rates found in this study (0. 38-0. 79 Mg C ha-1 year-1) were similar to other long-term estimates for temperate peatlands. ?? 2011 Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation (outside the USA).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries and Coasts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s12237-011-9393-7","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J., 2011, Peat Formation Processes Through the Millennia in Tidal Marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 34, no. 5, p. 900-911, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-011-9393-7.","startPage":"900","endPage":"911","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216972,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-011-9393-7"}],"volume":"34","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a761ae4b0c8380cd77f0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, J.Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":54766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"J.Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}