Streamflow time series are commonly derived from stage‐discharge rating curves, but the uncertainty of the rating curve and resulting streamflow series are poorly understood. While different methods to quantify uncertainty in the stage‐discharge relationship exist, there is limited understanding of how uncertainty estimates differ between methods due to different assumptions and methodological choices. We compared uncertainty estimates and stage‐discharge rating curves from seven methods at three river locations of varying hydraulic complexity. Comparison of the estimated uncertainties revealed a wide range of estimates, particularly for high and low flows. At the simplest site on the Isère River (France), full width 95% uncertainties for the different methods ranged from 3 to 17% for median flows. In contrast, uncertainties were much higher and ranged from 41 to 200% for high flows in an extrapolated section of the rating curve at the Mahurangi River (New Zealand) and 28 to 101% for low flows at the Taf River (United Kingdom), where the hydraulic control is unstable at low flows. Differences between methods result from differences in the sources of uncertainty considered, differences in the handling of the time‐varying nature of rating curves, differences in the extent of hydraulic knowledge assumed, and differences in assumptions when extrapolating rating curves above or below the observed gaugings. Ultimately, the selection of an uncertainty method requires a match between user requirements and the assumptions made by the uncertainty method. Given the significant differences in uncertainty estimates between methods, we suggest that a clear statement of uncertainty assumptions be presented alongside streamflow uncertainty estimates.
Accelerating sea-level rise and human impacts to the coast (e.g., altered sediment supply and hydrology, nutrient loading) influence the accumulation of sediment and organic matter, and thereby impact the ability of coastal tidal wetlands to maintain an elevation consistently within the vegetation growth range. Critical components of marsh sustainability are the marsh elevation within the vegetation growth range (elevation capital) and the rates of marsh surface elevation change and relative sea-level rise. The relationship among these factors and their combined influence on marsh integrity were evaluated by comparing trends in surface elevation change on five salt marsh sites located on three marsh islands in Jamaica Bay, NY, USA. All marsh sites were located in a similar physical setting (i.e., tidal range, sea-level rise rate, sediment supply). The structural integrity of the marshes ranged from densely vegetated (high integrity) to severely deteriorated (low integrity) with elevation capital ranging from high to low, respectively, and included a deteriorating marsh site that was partially restored. Two marshes with high elevation capital maintained their relative position high within the tidal range through a combination of surface sediment deposition and shallow subsurface expansion, and kept pace with local sea-level rise. A marsh with moderate elevation capital showed signs of flooding stress and was deteriorating, but managed to keep pace with local sea-level rise. The deteriorated marsh gained no elevation over the 14-year study and was located too low within the tidal range to support continuous coverage of salt marsh vegetation. Elevation gain in the restored marsh initially lagged behind sea-level rise for 8 years, but the elevation trend recovered and kept pace with sea-level rise for the last 5 years. A conceptual model is presented that describes the relationship among elevation capital, and rates of marsh elevation gain and sea-level rise. Note that a search for factors influencing wetland loss should focus on process changes to marsh vertical development (e.g., sediment supply, vegetation growth) and climate change effects (e.g., sea-level and temperature rise) that can cause elevation gain to lag behind sea-level rise, and these occur prior to the onset of marsh deterioration.
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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lynch, James C.","contributorId":179352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roman, Charles T.","contributorId":214654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roman","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmit, John Paul","contributorId":214655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmit","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Skidds, Dennis E.","contributorId":202237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skidds","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36381,"text":"National Park Service Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70206990,"text":"70206990 - 2019 - Pressure core analysis of geomechanical and fluid flow properties of seals associated with gas hydrate-bearing reservoirs in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T08:31:39","indexId":"70206990","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-18T08:24:39","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pressure core analysis of geomechanical and fluid flow properties of seals associated with gas hydrate-bearing reservoirs in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore India","docAbstract":"Physical properties of the sediment directly overlying a gas hydrate reservoir provide important controls on the effectiveness of depressurizing that reservoir to extract methane from gas hydrate as an energy resource. The permeability of overlying sediment determines if a gas hydrate reservoir’s upper contact will provide an effective seal that enables efficient reservoir depressurization. Compressibility, stiffness and strength indicate how overlying sediment will deform as the in situ stress changes during production, providing engineering data for well designs. Assessing these properties requires minimally-disturbed sediment. India’s National Gas Hydrates Program Expedition 2 (NGHP-02) provided an opportunity to study these seal sediment properties, reducing disturbance from gas exsolution and bubble growth by collecting a pressure core from the seal sediment just above the primary gas hydrate reservoir at Site NGHP-02-08 in Area C of the Krishna-Godavari Basin. The effective stress chamber (ESC) and the direct shear chamber (DSC) devices in the suite of Pressure Core Characterization Tools (PCCTs) were used to measure permeability, compressibility, stiffness and shear strength at the in situ vertical stress. Geotechnical properties of the predominantly fine-grained seal layer at in situ vertical stress are in typical clay sediment ranges, with low measured permeability (0.02 mD), high compressibility (Cc = 0.26 – 0.33) and low shear strength (404 kPa). Though pressure and temperature were maintained throughout the collection and measurement process to stabilize gas hydrate, the lack of effective stress in the pressure core storage chamber and the chamber pressurization with methane-free water caused core expansion and gas hydrate in a thin coarser-grained layer to dissolve. The PCCTs can reapply in situ stress with incremental loading steps during a consolidation test to account for sediment compaction. Gas hydrate dissolution can be limited by storing cores just above freezing temperatures, and by using solid spacers to reduce the storage chamber’s free volume.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.08.015","usgsCitation":"Jang, J., Dai, S., Yoneda, J., Waite, W., Stern, L.A., Boze, L., Collett, T.S., and Kumar, P., 2019, Pressure core analysis of geomechanical and fluid flow properties of seals associated with gas hydrate-bearing reservoirs in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore India: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 108, p. 537-550, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.08.015.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"537","endPage":"550","ipdsId":"IP-097103","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science 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J.","contributorId":195813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yoneda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stern, Laura A. 0000-0003-3440-5674 lstern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-5674","contributorId":1197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"Laura","email":"lstern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science 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Panvel, Navi Mumbai, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70227979,"text":"70227979 - 2019 - DNA mixtures for ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-04T15:00:07.200552","indexId":"70227979","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-16T16:25:06","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DNA mixtures for ecology","docAbstract":"The incidental take of golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) as a result of wind energy development requires some form of compensatory mitigation. Although several options have been proposed, only one has been formerly accepted and implemented, and the lack of options can limit the permit process for wind facilities. We developed a model to estimate numbers of golden eagles that die when struck by vehicles when eagles scavenge road kill to evaluate removal of road‐killed carcasses as an additional mitigation option. Our model estimates vehicle collision rates as a function of eagle densities, road traffic volume, and animal carcass abundance at the scale of a Wyoming, USA, county during fall‐winter, and quantifies the effects of different mitigation strategies, including estimates of uncertainty. We evaluated the plausibility of our model estimates by predicting mortality rates for each county in Wyoming and comparing overall state mortality to current estimates of mortality using derived estimates from expert judgment. We also developed a context‐dependent analysis of potential mitigation credits controlling for carcass number, traffic volume, and background carcass removals. We found that mitigation credit should be highest in areas with greatest number of carcasses. Collision mitigation is a potentially useful addition to the mitigation toolbox for wind energy development or other activities that need to offset predicted golden eagle mortality and satisfy incidental take permit requirements.
Spatial and temporal variability in factors influencing mangrove establishment and survival affects the distribution of mangrove, particularly near their latitudinal limit, where mangrove expansion into saltmarsh is conspicuous. In this paper the spatial variability in mangrove distribution and variability in factors influencing mangrove establishment and survival during the Quaternary period are reviewed, focussing on research at latitudinal limits in Australia and mainland USA. Despite similarities in the response of mangrove to some drivers, the expression of these drivers is both spatially and temporally variable, demonstrating the need for analyses of mangrove-saltmarsh dynamics to move beyond generalisations and incorporate regional and local-scale specificity. We propose i) that precursory recognition that ‘correlation does not mean causation’ is inadequate and assumptions, caveats, and limitations should be clearly articulated in correlative studies; ii) experimental design in manipulative experiments must also articulate the spatial and temporal scale to which the analysis is relevant; and iii) analyses that draw from a range of methods will provide greater confidence. Integrated research programs that transect spatial and temporal scales and incorporate a range of techniques are essential to improve projections. Mangrove-saltmarsh distribution research should move beyond simple models that assume equilibrium between realised and fundamental niches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-018-1067-9","usgsCitation":"Rogers, K., and Krauss, K.W., 2019, Moving from generalisations to specificity about mangrove-saltmarsh dynamics: Wetlands, v. 39, p. 1155-1178, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1067-9.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1155","endPage":"1178","ipdsId":"IP-087732","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Moving_from_Generalisations_to_Specificity_about_Mangrove_-Saltmarsh_Dynamics/27781029","text":"External Repository"},{"id":356443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a288e4b0702d0e842f41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, Kerrylee","contributorId":64151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Kerrylee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16754,"text":"University of Wollongong, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70205016,"text":"70205016 - 2019 - Airborne bacteria in Earth’s lower stratosphere resemble taxa detected in the troposphere: results from a new NASA aircraft bioaerosol collector (ABC)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T14:47:05.833799","indexId":"70205016","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-14T10:58:57","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1702,"text":"Frontiers in Microbiology","onlineIssn":"1664-302X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Airborne bacteria in Earth’s lower stratosphere resemble taxa detected in the troposphere: results from a new NASA aircraft bioaerosol collector (ABC)","docAbstract":"Airborne microorganisms in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere remain elusive due to a lack of reliable sample collection systems. To address this problem, we designed, installed, and flight-validated a novel Aircraft Bioaerosol Collector (ABC) for NASA's C-20A that can make collections for microbiological research investigations up to altitudes of 13.7 km. Herein we report results from the first set of science flights—four consecutive missions flown over the United States (US) from 30 October to 2 November, 2017. To ascertain how the concentration of airborne bacteria changed across the tropopause, we collected air during aircraft Ascent/Descent (0.3 to 11 km), as well as sustained Cruise altitudes in the lower stratosphere (~12 km). Bioaerosols were captured on DNA-treated gelatinous filters inside a cascade air sampler, then analyzed with molecular and culture-based characterization. Several viable bacterial isolates were recovered from flight altitudes, including Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., Arthrobacter sp., and Staphylococcus sp. from Cruise samples and Brachybacterium sp. from Ascent/Descent samples. Using 16S V4 sequencing methods for a culture-independent analysis of bacteria, the average number of total OTUs was 305 for Cruise samples and 276 for Ascent/Descent samples. Some taxa were more abundant in the flight samples than the ground samples, including OTUs from families Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae as well as the following genera: Clostridium, Mogibacterium, Corynebacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, and Parabacteroides. Surprisingly, our results revealed a homogeneous distribution of bacteria in the atmosphere up to 12 km. The observation could be due to atmospheric conditions producing similar background aerosols across the western US, as suggested by modeled back trajectories and satellite measurements. However, the influence of aircraft-associated bacterial contaminants could not be fully eliminated and that background signal was reported throughout our dataset. Considering the tremendous engineering challenge of collecting biomass at extreme altitudes where contamination from flight hardware remains an ever-present issue, we note the utility of using the stratosphere as a proving ground for planned life detection missions across the solar system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2018.01752","usgsCitation":"David J. Smith, Ravichandar, J.D., Jain, S., Griffin, D.W., Yu, H., Tan, Q., Thissen, J., Lusby, T., Nicoll, P., Shedler, S., Martinez, P., Osorio, A., Lechniak, J., Choi, S., Sabino, K., Iverson, K., Chan, L., Jaing, C., and McGrath, J., 2019, Airborne bacteria in Earth’s lower stratosphere resemble taxa detected in the troposphere: results from a new NASA aircraft bioaerosol collector (ABC): Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 9, 1752, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01752.","productDescription":"1752, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-097097","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468111,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01752","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367005,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 32.63937487360669\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 32.63937487360669\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 32.63937487360669\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"David J. 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2019 - Demographic consequences of conservation reserve program grasslands for lesser prairie‐chickens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-29T07:52:06","indexId":"70206275","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-13T07:50:58","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic consequences of conservation reserve program grasslands for lesser prairie‐chickens","docAbstract":"Knowledge of landscape and regional circumstances where conservation programs are successful on working lands in agricultural production are needed. Converting marginal croplands to grasslands using conservation programs such as the United States Department of Agriculture Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) should be beneficial for many grassland‐obligate wildlife species; however, addition of CRP grasslands may result in different population effects based on regional climate, characteristics of the surrounding landscape, or species planted or established. Within landscapes occupied by lesser prairie‐chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus), CRP may provide habitat only for specific life stages and habitat selection for CRP may vary between wet and dry years. Among all study sites, we captured and fitted 280 female lesser prairie‐chickens with very high frequency (VHF)‐ and global positioning system (GPS) transmitters during the spring lekking seasons of 2013–2015 to monitor habitat selection for CRP in regions of varying climate. We also estimated vital rates and habitat selection for 148 individuals, using sites in northwest Kansas, USA. The greatest ecological services of CRP became apparent when examining habitat selection and densities. Nest densities were approximately 3 times greater in CRP grasslands than native working grasslands (i.e., grazed), demonstrating a population‐level benefit (CRP = 6.0 nests/10 km2 ± 1.29 [SE], native working grassland = 1.7 nests/10 km2 ± 0.62). However, CRP supporting high nest density did not provide brood habitat; 85% of females with broods surviving to 7 days moved their young to other cover types. Regression analyses indicated lesser prairie‐chickens were approximately 8 times more likely to use CRP when 5,000‐ha landscapes were 70% rather than 20% grassland, indicating variation in the level of ecological services provided by CRP was dependent upon composition of the larger landscape. Further, CRP grasslands were 1.7 times more likely to be used by lesser prairie‐chickens in regions receiving 40 cm compared to 70 cm of average annual precipitation and during years of greater drought intensity. Demographic and resource selection analyses revealed that establishing CRP grasslands in northwest Kansas can increase the amount nesting habitat in a region where it may have previously been limited, thereby providing refugia to sustain populations through periods of extreme drought. Nest survival, adult survival during breeding, and nonbreeding season survival did not vary between lesser prairie‐chickens that used and did not use CRP grasslands. The finite rate of population growth was also similar for birds using CRP and using only native working grasslands, suggesting that CRP provides habitat similar to that of native working grassland in this region. Overall, lesser prairie‐chickens may thrive in landscapes that are a mosaic of native working grassland, CRP grassland, with a minimal amount of cropland, particularly when nesting and brood habitat are in close proximity.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21553","usgsCitation":"Haukos, D.A., 2019, Demographic consequences of conservation reserve program grasslands for lesser prairie‐chickens: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 82, no. 8, p. 1617-1632, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21553.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1617","endPage":"1632","ipdsId":"IP-088492","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99228","text":"External Repository"},{"id":368687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70238137,"text":"70238137 - 2019 - Influence of extreme and annual floods on point-bar sedimentation: Inferences from Powder River, Montana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-14T12:47:32.289225","indexId":"70238137","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-08T06:43:40","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of extreme and annual floods on point-bar sedimentation: Inferences from Powder River, Montana, USA","docAbstract":"Effects of discharge variability on point-bar sedimentation are not well documented, although resulting changes in flow patterns are well known. This paper focuses on a meander of Powder River in Montana (USA). In May 1978, Powder River had a 50-year recurrence flood, which caused outer bank retreat of ∼70 m. This bank continued to retreat over ∼40 m in response to annual floods between 1979 and 2016. A trench, up to 2 m deep and 60 m long, was excavated in 2016 through the axial point-bar deposits accumulated during and since the 1978 flood. Deposits from the extreme 1978 flood consisted of stratified, coarsening-upward pebbles with subordinate sand, and show paleoflow toward the outer bank. Deposits accreted during subsequent annual floods consist of fining-upward, medium to fine sand with subordinate mud and gravel. These deposits contain sedimentary structures indicating transport from the channel up the bar. Field observations indicate that during extreme floods, the axial part of the bar was armored by coarsening-upward gravels and not affected by secondary helical circulation. In contrast, during annual floods, armoring was not observed and most of the flow was directed up the sloping point-bar surface, indicating secondary circulation near the bend apex. This paper shows that the area affected by the secondary helical circulation shifts downstream and upstream of the bend apex during extreme and annual floods, respectively. This causes significant changes in grain size and sedimentary facies distribution in point-bar deposits, which should be considered when analyzing meandering-river deposits in the ancient sedimentary record.
Coastal marine habitats become contaminated with the munitions constituent, Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-trazine (RDX), via military training, weapon testing and leakage of unexploded ordnance. This study used 15N labeled RDX in simulated aquarium-scale coastal marine habitat containing seawater, sediment, and biota to track removal pathways from surface water including sorption onto particulates, degradation to nitroso-triazines and mineralization to dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). The two aquaria received continuous RDX inputs to maintain a steady state concentration (0.4 mg L−1) over 21 days. Time series RDX and nitroso-triazine concentrations in dissolved (surface and porewater) and sorbed phases (sediment and suspended particulates) were analyzed. Distributions of DIN species (ammonium, nitrate + nitrite and dissolved N2) in sediments and overlying water were also measured along with geochemical variables in the aquaria. Partitioning of RDX and RDX-derived breakdown products onto surface sediment represented 13% of the total added 15N as RDX (15N-[RDX]) equivalents after 21 days. Measured nitroso-triazines in the aquaria accounted for 6–13% of total added 15N-[RDX]. 15N-labeled DIN was found both in the oxic surface water and hypoxic porewaters, showing that RDX mineralization accounted for 34% of the 15N-[RDX] added to the aquaria over 21 days. Labeled ammonium (15NH4+, found in sediment and overlying water) and nitrate + nitrite (15NOX, found in overlying water only) together represented 10% of the total added 15N-[RDX]. The production of 15N labeled N2(15N2), accounted for the largest individual sink during the transformation of the total added 15N-[RDX] (25%). Hypoxic sediment was the most favorable zone for production of N2, most of which diffused through porous sediments into the water column and escaped to the atmosphere.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.404","usgsCitation":"Ariyarathna, T., Ballentine, M., Vlahos, P., Smith, R.W., Cooper, C., Bohlke, J., Fallis, S., Groshens, T.J., and Tobias, C.R., 2019, Tracing the cycling and fate of the munition, Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine in a simulated sandy coastal marine habitat with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[RDX]: Science of the Total Environment, v. 647, p. 369-378, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.404.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"378","ipdsId":"IP-097802","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.404","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"647","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3bbe4b0f5d57878e8cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ariyarathna, Thivanka","contributorId":191278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ariyarathna","given":"Thivanka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballentine, Mark","contributorId":191279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballentine","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vlahos, Penny","contributorId":191277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vlahos","given":"Penny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Richard W.","contributorId":191276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cooper, Christopher","contributorId":191280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fallis, Stephen","contributorId":191281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fallis","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Groshens, Thomas J.","contributorId":191282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groshens","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tobias, Craig R.","contributorId":194058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobias","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70198482,"text":"70198482 - 2019 - Phenology of hatching, emergence, and end-of-season body size in young-of-year Coho Salmon in thermally contrasting streams draining the Copper River Delta, Alaska ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T15:15:35","indexId":"70198482","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-06T12:33:38","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phenology of hatching, emergence, and end-of-season body size in young-of-year Coho Salmon in thermally contrasting streams draining the Copper River Delta, Alaska ","docAbstract":"Phenology can be linked to individual fitness, particularly in strongly seasonal environments where the timing of events have important consequences for growth, condition, and survival. We studied the phenology of Coho Salmon hatching and emergence in streams with contrasting thermal variability, but in close geographic proximity. Following emergence, we tracked body sizes of cohorts of young-of-year fish until the end of the growing season. Hatch and emergence timing occurred at the same time among streams with marked variability in thermal regimes. We demonstrate that this can be explained in part by the thermal units accumulated during embryo development. At the end of the first growing season there were some differences in body size, however overall fish size among streams were similar despite strong differences in thermal regimes. Collectively these results provide novel insights into the interactions between environmental variability and the early life-history stages of Coho Salmon furthering our understanding of the consequences of phenology on growth and survival for individuals within the critical first summer of life.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2018-0003","usgsCitation":"Campbell, E.Y., Dunham, J.B., Reeves, G.H., and Wondzell, S.M., 2019, Phenology of hatching, emergence, and end-of-season body size in young-of-year Coho Salmon in thermally contrasting streams draining the Copper River Delta, Alaska : Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 76, no. 2, p. 185-191, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0003.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"191","ipdsId":"IP-084964","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/90589","text":"External Repository"},{"id":356192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Copper River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -145.67,\n 60.33\n ],\n [\n -145,\n 60.33\n ],\n [\n -145,\n 60.67\n ],\n [\n -145.67,\n 60.67\n ],\n [\n -145.67,\n 60.33\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3dbe4b0f5d57878e909","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Emily Y.","contributorId":206748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":147808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reeves, Gordon H.","contributorId":101521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeves","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":527,"text":"Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wondzell, Steve M.","contributorId":206749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wondzell","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204440,"text":"70204440 - 2019 - Landscape structure and temporal dynamic effects on Wintering Mallard abundance and distributions in the Mississippi alluvial valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-26T10:25:40","indexId":"70204440","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T12:54:22","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape structure and temporal dynamic effects on Wintering Mallard abundance and distributions in the Mississippi alluvial valley","docAbstract":"Context Management of wintering waterfowl in North America requires adaptability because constant landscape and environmental change challenges existing management strategies regarding waterfowl habitat use at large spatial scales. Migratory waterfowl including mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) use the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) for wintering habitat, making this an important area of emphasis for improving wetland conservation strategies, while enhancing the understanding of landscape-use patterns.\nObjectives We used aerial survey data collected in the Arkansas portion of the MAV (ARMAV) to explain the abundance and distribution of mallards in relation to variable landscape conditions.\nMethods We used two-stage, hierarchical spatio-temporal models with a random spatial effect to identify covariates related to changes in mallard abundance and distribution within and among years.\nResults We found distinct spatio-temporal patterns existed for mallard distributions across the ARMAV and these distributions are dependent on the surrounding landscape structure and changing environmental conditions. Models performing best indicated seasonal surface water extent, rice field, wetland and fallow (uncultivated) field abundance positively influenced mallard distribution. Rice fields, surface water and weather were found to influence mallard abundance. Additionally, are results suggest weather and changing surface water affects mallard presence and abundance throughout the winter, because the probability of mallard presence and abundance changed from the northern ARMAV in November to the southern ARMAV in January. \nConclusions Using novel datasets to identify which environmental factors drive changes in regional wildlife distribution and abundance can improve management by providing managers additional information to manage land over landscapes spanning private and public lands. We suggest our analytical approach may be informative in other areas and for other wildlife species.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-018-0671-7","usgsCitation":"Herbert, J.A., Chakraborty, A., Naylor, L.W., Beattty, W.S., and Krementz, D.G., 2019, Landscape structure and temporal dynamic effects on Wintering Mallard abundance and distributions in the Mississippi alluvial valley: Landscape Ecology, v. 33, no. 8, p. 1319-1334, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-018-0671-7.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1319","endPage":"1334","ipdsId":"IP-083954","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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W.","contributorId":145840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naylor","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beattty, William S.","contributorId":217506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beattty","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36209,"text":"U.S. FWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krementz, David G. 0000-0002-5661-4541 dkrementz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-4541","contributorId":2827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krementz","given":"David","email":"dkrementz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70204460,"text":"70204460 - 2019 - Capture versus tagging impacts on chum salmon freshwater spawning migration travel times","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-25T12:03:39","indexId":"70204460","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T12:02:40","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Capture versus tagging impacts on chum salmon freshwater spawning migration travel times","docAbstract":"The spawning migration travel times of chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum), fitted with gastrically implanted radio tags vs external spaghetti tags were tested for a short [≈60 river km (rkm)] and long migration route (≈730 rkm) on the Koyukuk River, Alaska, USA. Using a novel application of statistical arrival curve models to infer travel times for uncaptured fish, migrations by chum salmon not directly handled during the study were also assessed. Results demonstrated negligible differences in travel times within migration routes between fish fitted only with spaghetti tags and fish fitted with radio tags, indicating low impacts on migration travel behaviour associated with gastric tags once deployed. Conversely, travel times for unhandled fish as inferred by statistical arrival models may have been 12%–24% shorter than those for fish captured with gillnets for tagging. These results suggest that, if present, chum salmon migration behaviour impacts may be more strongly associated with fish capture than tag deployment.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fme.12294","usgsCitation":"Sethi, S., 2019, Capture versus tagging impacts on chum salmon freshwater spawning migration travel times: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 25, no. 4, p. 296-303, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12294.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"303","ipdsId":"IP-084183","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365940,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70203204,"text":"70203204 - 2019 - Recent advances in environmental flows science and water management—Innovation in the Anthropocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T08:36:56","indexId":"70203204","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T08:36:02","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent advances in environmental flows science and water management—Innovation in the Anthropocene","docAbstract":"We studied the consequences of a nonnative species introduction and changes in temperature on early mortality and recruitment of native rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) and nonnative alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Champlain using a simulation model. Distribution patterns of adults and young-of-the-year (YOY) fish were predicted using a model based on observed distribution of different age groups as a function of temperature and light profiles simulated on a daily basis. Mortality rates averaged over the growing season were calculated as a function of fish densities and overlap between adults and YOY. Survival of YOY rainbow smelt and alewife depended on which predator was most abundant. Rainbow smelt YOY mortality rates are highest when rainbow smelt adults are abundant, and alewife YOY mortality rates are highest when alewife adults are abundant, potentially allowing coexistence. August and September mortality rates were higher in the climate change scenario because of increased overlap of adults and YOY of both species. These results indicate that accounting for spatiotemporal fish distribution patterns can be important when forecasting the interacting effects of climate change and aquatic invasive species on fish recruitment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2017-0571","usgsCitation":"Simonin, P.W., Rudstam, L.G., Sullivan, P., Parrish, D.L., and Pientka, B., 2019, Early mortality and freshwater forage fish recruitment: Nonnative alewife and native rainbow smelt interactions in Lake Champlain: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 76, no. 5, p. 806-814, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0571.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"806","endPage":"814","ipdsId":"IP-093462","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0571","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"New York, Quebec, Vermont","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.54248046875,\n 43.96909818325171\n ],\n [\n -73.05084228515625,\n 43.96909818325171\n ],\n [\n -73.05084228515625,\n 45.09485258791474\n ],\n [\n -73.54248046875,\n 45.09485258791474\n ],\n [\n -73.54248046875,\n 43.96909818325171\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simonin, Paul W.","contributorId":171499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simonin","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":18160,"text":"Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G. 0000-0002-3732-6368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3732-6368","contributorId":213508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullivan, Patrick J.","contributorId":97813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Patrick J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parrish, Donna L. 0000-0001-9693-6329 dparrish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9693-6329","contributorId":138661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Donna","email":"dparrish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pientka, Bernard","contributorId":171500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pientka","given":"Bernard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70227770,"text":"70227770 - 2019 - A dam passage performance standard model for American shad","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T15:26:22.693319","indexId":"70227770","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-30T09:20:10","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A dam passage performance standard model for American shad","docAbstract":"The distribution patterns of sessile organisms in coastal intertidal habitats typically exhibit vertical zonation, but little is known about variability in zonation among sites or species at larger spatial scales. Data on such heterogeneity could inform mechanistic understanding of factors affecting species distributions as well as efforts to assess and manage coastal species and habitat vulnerability to sea-level rise. Using data on the vertical distribution of common plant species at 12 tidal marshes across the US Pacific coast, we examined heterogeneity in patterns of zonation to test whether distributions varied by site, species, or latitude. Interspecific zonation was evident at most sites, but the vertical niches of co-occurring common species often overlapped considerably. The median elevation of most species varied across marshes, with site-specific differences in marsh elevation profiles more important than differences in latitude that reflect regional climate gradients. Some common species consistently inhabited lower or higher elevations relative to other species, but others varied among sites. Vertical niche breadth varied more than twofold among species. These results indicate that zonation varies by both site and species at the regional scale, and highlight the potential importance of local marsh elevation profiles to plant vertical distributions. Furthermore, they suggest that coastal foundation species such as marsh plants may differ in their vulnerability to sea-level rise by being restricted to specific elevation zones or by occurring in narrow vertical niches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-018-0420-9","usgsCitation":"Janousek, C.N., Thorne, K.M., and Takekawa, J.Y., 2019, Vertical zonation and niche breadth of tidal marsh plants along the Northeast Pacific coast: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 42, no. 1, p. 85-98, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-0420-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"98","ipdsId":"IP-097682","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Coast","volume":"42","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3f2e4b0f5d57878e959","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janousek, Christopher N. 0000-0003-2124-6715","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6715","contributorId":103951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Janousek","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657 kthorne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":4191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen","email":"kthorne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":196611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208892,"text":"70208892 - 2019 - Multi-measurement approach for establishing the base of gas hydrate occurrence in the Krishna-Godavari Basin for sites cored during Expedition NGHP-02 in the offshore of India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T15:05:41","indexId":"70208892","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-26T14:57:36","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-measurement approach for establishing the base of gas hydrate occurrence in the Krishna-Godavari Basin for sites cored during Expedition NGHP-02 in the offshore of India","docAbstract":"The 2015 National Gas Hydrate Program of India's second expedition, NGHP-02, acquired logging and coring datasets for constraining the base of the gas hydrate occurrence zone (deepest GH) and the theoretical base of gas hydrate stability zone (BGHS). These data are used here for two primary goals: to constrain the deepest occurrence of gas hydrate relative to predicted stability limits and the observed BSR, and to characterize the nature of the contact between gas hydrate-bearing sediment and the underlying gas hydrate-free sediment. A consensus depth for the deepest GH is derived for each NGHP-02 coring site from downhole indicators of gas hydrate occurrence obtained from well-log electrical resistivity and acoustic data, pressure core compressional wave velocity measurements, and conventional core measurements of anomalously low temperatures. To establish the theoretical BGHS, models of gas hydrate phase stability with depth are compared with downhole temperature profiles derived from: 1) assuming a constant geothermal gradient consistent with downhole temperature measurements, and 2) assuming constant heat flow using a geotherm through the downhole temperature measurements and incorporating thermal conductivity calculated from borehole logging data. Although the deepest NGHP-02 GH occurrences are controlled at several sites by a lithologic boundary, most sites have deepest GH occurrences within a single coarse-grained lithology. Cutoffs within a single coarse-grained lithology, which occur for the primary NGHP-02 Area B gas hydrate reservoir, will inhibit pore-pressure drawdowns used to extract methane from gas hydrate as an energy resource.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.07.026","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Ruppel, C.D., Collett, T.S., Schultheiss, P., Holland, M., Shukla, K., and Kumar, P., 2019, Multi-measurement approach for establishing the base of gas hydrate occurrence in the Krishna-Godavari Basin for sites cored during Expedition NGHP-02 in the offshore of India: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 108, p. 296-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.07.026.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"320","ipdsId":"IP-097865","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1703491","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":372916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"Bay of Bengal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 89.12109375,\n 20.24158281954221\n ],\n [\n 86.63818359375,\n 21.657428197370653\n ],\n [\n 81.80419921875,\n 17.035777250427195\n ],\n [\n 82.3974609375,\n 15.644196600866072\n ],\n [\n 89.12109375,\n 20.24158281954221\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"108","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":195778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schultheiss, P.","contributorId":79657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultheiss","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holland, M.","contributorId":17380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shukla, K.M.","contributorId":168911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25388,"text":"ONGC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":783896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kumar, P.","contributorId":45476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70206134,"text":"70206134 - 2019 - Accounting for location uncertainty in azimuthaltelemetry data improves ecological inference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-23T15:52:00","indexId":"70206134","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-25T15:46:06","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accounting for location uncertainty in azimuthaltelemetry data improves ecological inference","docAbstract":"Characterizing animal space use is critical for understanding ecological relationships. Animal telemetry technology has revolutionized the fields of ecology and conservation biology by providing high quality spatial data on animal movement. Radio-telemetry with very high frequency (VHF) radio signals continues to be a useful technology because of its low cost, miniaturization, and low battery requirements. Despite a number of statistical developments synthetically integrating animal location estimation and uncertainty with spatial process models using satellite telemetry data, we are unaware of similar developments for azimuthal telemetry data. As such, there are few statistical options to handle these unique data and no synthetic framework for modeling animal location uncertainty and accounting for it in ecological models.
We developed a hierarchical modeling framework to provide robust animal location estimates from one or more intersecting or non-intersecting azimuths. We used our azimuthal telemetry model (ATM) to account for azimuthal uncertainty with covariates and propagate location uncertainty into spatial ecological models. We evaluate the ATM with commonly used estimators (Lenth (1981) maximum likelihood and M-Estimators) using simulation. We also provide illustrative empirical examples, demonstrating the impact of ignoring location uncertainty within home range and resource selection analyses. We further use simulation to better understand the relationship among location uncertainty, spatial covariate autocorrelation, and resource selection inference.
We found the ATM to have good performance in estimating locations and the only model that has appropriate measures of coverage. Ignoring animal location uncertainty when estimating resource selection or home ranges can have pernicious effects on ecological inference. Home range estimates can be overly confident and conservative when ignoring location uncertainty and resource selection coefficients can lead to incorrect inference and over confidence in the magnitude of selection. Furthermore, our simulation study clarified that incorporating location uncertainty helps reduce bias in resource selection coefficients across all levels of covariate spatial autocorrelation.
The ATM can accommodate one or more azimuths when estimating animal locations, regardless of how they intersect; this ensures that all data collected are used for ecological inference. Our findings and model development have important implications for interpreting historical analyses using this type of data and the future design of radio-telemetry studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s40462-018-0129-1","collaboration":"Colorado State University","usgsCitation":"Hooten, M., Brian D. Gerber, Christopher P. Peck, Mindy B. Rice, Anthony D. Apa, Gammonley, J.H., and Amy J. Davis, 2019, Accounting for location uncertainty in azimuthaltelemetry data improves ecological inference: Movement Ecology, v. 6, 14, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-018-0129-1.","productDescription":"14","ipdsId":"IP-086823","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-018-0129-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":368535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brian D. Gerber","contributorId":219968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brian D. Gerber","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christopher P. Peck","contributorId":219969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christopher P. Peck","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mindy B. Rice","contributorId":219970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mindy B. Rice","affiliations":[{"id":40103,"text":"cdpw","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anthony D. Apa","contributorId":219971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anthony D. Apa","affiliations":[{"id":40103,"text":"cdpw","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gammonley, James H.","contributorId":219972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gammonley","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":40103,"text":"cdpw","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Amy J. Davis","contributorId":219973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amy J. Davis","affiliations":[{"id":36589,"text":"USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70199205,"text":"70199205 - 2019 - Landscape pivot points and responses to water balance in national parks of the southwest US","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T09:23:40","indexId":"70199205","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-23T12:42:44","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape pivot points and responses to water balance in national parks of the southwest US","docAbstract":"A recent drying trend that is expected to continue in the southwestern US underscores the need for site‐specific and near real‐time understanding of vegetation vulnerability so that land management actions can be implemented at the right time and place.
We related the annual integrated normalized difference vegetation index (iNDVI), a proxy for vegetation production, to water balance across landscapes of the Colorado Plateau. We determined how changes in production per unit of water (vegetation responses) and the water balance amounts at which production shifted from above to below average values (pivot points), varied across dominant vegetation and soil types.
Precipitation (PRCP), actual evapotranspiration (AET), water deficit (D), and soil moisture (SM) explained 13%–82% of variation in vegetation production. Along an increasing water availability gradient, vegetation responses to PRCP and AET increased, responses to SM decreased, and responses to D became more negative. We found trade‐offs between vegetation responses and pivot points within and across all vegetation types that were mediated by soil properties.
Synthesis and applications. The water needed by native vegetation to maintain production depends on plant traits. The water available to vegetation depends on climate and soil properties that change along environmental gradients. Tracking this biologically relevant water availability in relation to water need provides an indicator of vegetation growth or stress that can help guide the time and place for management actions.
Sediment is the most commonly identified pollutant associated with macroinvertebrate community impairments in freshwater streams nationwide. Management of this physical stressor is complicated by the multiple measures of sediment available (e.g., suspended, dissolved, bedded) and the variability in natural “healthy” sediment loadings across ecoregions. Here we examine the relative importance of 9 sediment parameters on macroinvertebrate community health as measured by the Virginia Stream Condition Index (VSCI) across 5 ecoregions. In combination, sediment parameters explained 27.4% of variance in the VSCI in a multiregion data set and from 20.2% to 76.4% of variance for individual ecoregions. Bedded sediment parameters had a stronger influence on VSCI than did dissolved or suspended parameters in the multiregion assessment. However, assessments of individual ecoregions revealed conductivity had a key influence on VSCI in the Central Appalachian, Northern Piedmont and Piedmont ecoregions. In no case was a single sediment parameter sufficient to predict VSCI scores or individual biological metrics. Given the identification of embeddedness and conductivity as key parameters for predicting biological condition, we developed family‐level sensitivity thresholds for these parameters, based on extirpation. Resulting thresholds for embeddedness were 68% for combined ecoregions, 65% for the Mountain bioregion (composed of Central Appalachian, Ridge and Valley, and Blue Ridge ecoregions), and 88% for the Piedmont bioregion (composed of Northern Piedmont and Piedmont ecoregions). Thresholds for conductivity were 366 μS/cm for combined ecoregions, 391 μS/cm for the Mountain bioregion, and 136 μS/cm for the Piedmont bioregion. These thresholds may help water quality professionals identify impaired and at‐risk waters designated to support aquatic life and develop regional strategies to manage sediment‐impaired streams. Inclusion of embeddedness as a restoration endpoint may be warranted; this could be facilitated by application of more quantitative, less time‐intensive measurement approaches. We encourage refinement of thresholds as additional data and genus‐based metrics become available. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:77–92. Published 2018. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
A key component in controlling the spread of an epidemic is deciding where, when and to whom to apply an intervention. We develop a framework for using data to inform these decisions in realtime. We formalize a treatment allocation strategy as a sequence of functions, one per treatment period, that map up‐to‐date information on the spread of an infectious disease to a subset of locations where treatment should be allocated. An optimal allocation strategy optimizes some cumulative outcome, e.g. the number of uninfected locations, the geographic footprint of the disease or the cost of the epidemic. Estimation of an optimal allocation strategy for an emerging infectious disease is challenging because spatial proximity induces interference between locations, the number of possible allocations is exponential in the number of locations, and because disease dynamics and intervention effectiveness are unknown at outbreak. We derive a Bayesian on‐line estimator of the optimal allocation strategy that combines simulation–optimization with Thompson sampling. The estimator proposed performs favourably in simulation experiments. This work is motivated by and illustrated using data on the spread of white nose syndrome, which is a highly fatal infectious disease devastating bat populations in North America.