Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are experiencing rapid and substantial changes to their environment due to global climate change. Polar bears of the southern Beaufort Sea (SB) have historically spent most of the year on the sea ice. However, recent reports from Alaska indicate that the proportion of the SB subpopulation observed on-shore during late summer and early fall has increased. Our objective was to investigate whether this on-shore behavior has developed through genetic inheritance, asocial learning, or through social learning. From 2010 to 2013, genetic data were collected from SB polar bears in the fall via hair snags and remote biopsy darting on-shore and in the spring from captures and remote biopsy darting on the sea ice. Bears were categorized as either on-shore or off-shore individuals based on their presence on-shore during the fall. Levels of genetic relatedness, first-order relatives, mother–offspring pairs, and father–offspring pairs were determined and compared within and between the two categories: on-shore versus off-shore. Results suggested transmission of on-shore behavior through either genetic inheritance or social learning as there was a higher than expected number of first-order relatives exhibiting on-shore behavior. Genetic relatedness and parentage data analyses were in concurrence with this finding, but further revealed mother–offspring social learning as the primary mechanism responsible for the development of on-shore behavior. Recognizing that on-shore behavior among polar bears was predominantly transmitted via social learning from mothers to their offspring has implications for future management and conservation as sea ice continues to decline.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4233","usgsCitation":"Lillie, K.M., Gese, E.M., Atwood, T.C., and Sonsthagen, S.A., 2019, Development of on-shore behavior among polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the southern Beaufort Sea: Inherited or learned?: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 16, p. 7790-7799, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4233.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"7790","endPage":"7799","ipdsId":"IP-085029","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4233","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Southern Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.32421875,\n 71.49703690095419\n ],\n [\n -157.32421875,\n 70.88788500718185\n ],\n [\n -141.8115234375,\n 69.39578308847753\n ],\n [\n -138.427734375,\n 68.98992503056704\n ],\n [\n -138.2080078125,\n 69.51914693717981\n ],\n [\n -142.7783203125,\n 70.22974449563027\n ],\n [\n -157.32421875,\n 71.49703690095419\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lillie, K. M.","contributorId":216398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lillie","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gese, E. M.","contributorId":216399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gese","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204422,"text":"70204422 - 2019 - Importance of riparian forest corridors for the ocelot in agricultural landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-23T08:51:11","indexId":"70204422","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-09T08:50:07","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of riparian forest corridors for the ocelot in agricultural landscapes","docAbstract":"Worldwide, private lands have attracted increased attention from conservationists, not only because most of the globe is privately owned, but also because private lands can be an asset to the protected area conservation strategy. In Brazil, the riverine Areas of Permanent Protection (APPs) is a key instrument of the Forest Code to protect native vegetation on private lands. Although APPs were conceived to function as potential wildlife corridors, this putative role has been rarely assessed. Further, recent debatable changes in the Forest Code have decreased the extent of APPs. Given this lack of information and the declining area being protected along with the growing demand for agricultural and biofuel production, which stimulate additional deforestation, it is timely to assess the role of APPs in wildlife conservation. We did this analyzing how ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) occurrence is influenced by covariates in 3 cerrado landscapes dominated by sugarcane and managed forests of eucalyptus and pine trees. We collected detection/non-detection data by camera trapping during 2 dry seasons (2013 and 2014) at 208 stations (6606 camera-days). We estimated ocelot detection and mean relative abundance using a single-species/single-season occupancy model that accounts for heterogeneous detection probability induced by variation in abundance. Modeling results showed that percentage of native forest was the most important covariate to explain ocelot mean relative abundance. This parameter was also affected positively by APPs, with ocelots being more abundant inside than outside APPs and, unexpectedly, by sugarcane. Given study design, however, the positive effect of this crop likely reflects the contact zone between sugarcane and native forest. Our findings show that landscape composition affects ocelot abundance and highlight the importance of APPs and Legal Reserves in agricultural landscapes. We conclude that, in such landscapes, compliance to the Forest Code by private land owners is key to supporting ocelot occurrence.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic ","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyy075","usgsCitation":"Paolino, R., Royle, A., Versiani, N., Rodrigues, T.F., Pasqualotto, N., Krepschi, V., and Adriano Chiarello, 2019, Importance of riparian forest corridors for the ocelot in agricultural landscapes: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 99, no. 4, p. 874-884, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyy075.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"874","endPage":"884","ipdsId":"IP-092001","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyy075","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":365833,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":365832,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article-abstract/99/4/874/5050937"}],"volume":"99","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paolino, Roberta","contributorId":217469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paolino","given":"Roberta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38961,"text":"Universidade de São Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":146229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Versiani, Natalia","contributorId":217470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Versiani","given":"Natalia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38961,"text":"Universidade de São Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodrigues, Thiago F.","contributorId":217471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodrigues","given":"Thiago","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":39648,"text":"Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pasqualotto, Nielson","contributorId":217472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pasqualotto","given":"Nielson","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38961,"text":"Universidade de São Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krepschi, Victor","contributorId":217473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krepschi","given":"Victor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38961,"text":"Universidade de São Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Adriano Chiarello","contributorId":217474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adriano Chiarello","affiliations":[{"id":38961,"text":"Universidade de São Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70197990,"text":"70197990 - 2019 - Modeling framework to estimate spawning and hatching locations of pelagically-spawned eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-26T16:24:40","indexId":"70197990","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling framework to estimate spawning and hatching locations of pelagically-spawned eggs","docAbstract":"Identifying spawning and hatching locations is vital to controlling invasive fish and conserving imperiled fish, which can be difficult for pelagically-spawning species with semi-buoyant eggs. In freshwater systems, this reproductive strategy is common among cyprinid species, such as Chinese carp species currently threatening the Great Lakes. Following the confirmation that one of these species, Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), was spawning in a Great Lakes tributary, we developed a modeling framework to combine field data with hydraulic models to calculate the most probable spawning and hatching locations for collected eggs. Our results indicate that the estimated spawning location encompassed habitat consistent with spawning sites in Grass Carp’s native range. Additionally, all eggs were identified to have hatched in the river, increasing the likelihood of successful recruitment. This modeling framework can be used to estimate spawning and hatching locations for Chinese carp species, as well as all pelagic, riverine spawners. Spawning and hatching locations provide key information to researchers about the reproductive requirements of species and to agencies about how best to manage populations for control or restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2018-0047","usgsCitation":"Embke, H.S., Kocovsky, P., Garcia, T., Mayer, C.M., and Qian, S.S., 2019, Modeling framework to estimate spawning and hatching locations of pelagically-spawned eggs: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 76, no. 4, p. 597-607, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0047.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"597","endPage":"607","ipdsId":"IP-087557","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/92211","text":"External Repository"},{"id":355500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e544e4b060350a15d077","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Embke, Holly S. 0000-0002-9897-7068","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-7068","contributorId":173026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embke","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":739500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garcia, Tatiana 0000-0002-1979-7246 tgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1979-7246","contributorId":140327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Tatiana","email":"tgarcia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayer, Christine M.","contributorId":50814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Qian, Song S.","contributorId":198934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qian","given":"Song","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215784,"text":"70215784 - 2019 - Ecology and conservation of the American eel in the Caribbean region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T14:01:43.762822","indexId":"70215784","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-03T08:58:10","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecology and conservation of the American eel in the Caribbean region","docAbstract":"The majority of American eel, Anguilla rostrata LeSueur, knowledge is derived from temperate regions in the United States and Canada, with little known from its tropical Caribbean distribution. Findings of original research on American eel distribution, abundance, population biology, habitat ecology and threats from the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico were synthesised. American eel were captured from 48 of 116 sites (41.4%) in 26 of 49 river basins (53.1%) during 2005–2016, and it was extirpated upstream of dams and migration barriers >3.0 m high (38.9% of habitat). Mean density and biomass were 438.9 fish/ha and 23.44 kg/ha, respectively. Upstream habitats favoured larger individuals, and females were larger than males. The swim‐bladder parasite Anguillicoloides crassus Kuwahara, Niimi & Hagaki was not found in 120 eels examined. Realised threats include dams and other migratory barriers, habitat loss and alteration and pollution; exotic species and commercial fishing are impending threats; and the least understood is climate change.
Silver chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana, Kirtland, 1844) is a native Cyprinid in Lake Erie, one of the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America. It is listed as endangered by the US state of New York and Canada, which has a recovery plan, and as special concern by the state of Michigan. Silver chub faces a potential threat to recovery from control efforts for invasive Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Valenciennes 1844). Among the knowledge gaps for protection and restoration is current diet data. I describe the diet of silver chub from western Lake Erie in 2014, and I compare it to past studies to assess changes in diet through time. Silver chub captured in bottom trawls May–September 2014 were frozen in the field, and stomach contents were preserved in ethanol. Diet taxa were identified to the lowest practical taxonomic unit, then dried and weighed. Frequency of occurrence in silver chub diets was highest for Hexagenia spp. mayflies (79%). Dreissena spp. and Hexagenia spp. were both 41% of the diet by dry weight. Analysis of δ13C isotopes identified Hexagenia spp. as the primary source of carbon in silver chub. Compared to past studies, Dreissena spp. have mostly replaced Sphaeriidae and Gastropoda in silver chub diets. There also have been seasonal shifts in relative amounts of shelled organisms and Hexagenia spp. This study and past research suggest a functional link between silver chub and Hexagenia spp. abundance. Maintenance and recovery of silver chub may be dependent on maintaining Hexagenia spp. populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12424","usgsCitation":"Kocovsky, P., 2019, Diets of endangered silver chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana, Kirtland, 1844) in Lake Erie and implications for recovery: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 28, no. 1, p. 33-40, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12424.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-096199","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12424","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.66638183593749,\n 41.35825713137813\n ],\n [\n -81.97174072265625,\n 41.35825713137813\n ],\n [\n -81.97174072265625,\n 42.20817645934742\n ],\n [\n -83.66638183593749,\n 42.20817645934742\n ],\n [\n -83.66638183593749,\n 41.35825713137813\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e546e4b060350a15d08b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70203663,"text":"70203663 - 2019 - Predicting species-habitat relationships: Does body size matter?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T15:35:23","indexId":"70203663","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-01T15:34:22","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting species-habitat relationships: Does body size matter?","docAbstract":"Context.\nAllometric scaling laws are foundational to structuring processes from cellular to ecosystem levels. The idea that allometric relationships underlie species characteristic selection scales, the spatial scales at which species respond to landscape features, has recently been investigated, however, supporting empirical evidence is scarce.\n\nObjectives.\nLack of pattern can be explained by inaccurate estimation, low power, confounding factors, or absence of a relationship. In this paper, we evaluate the relationship between body size and species characteristic selection scales after overcoming limitations of previous study designs.\n\nMethods.\nWe conducted 1328 avian point counts across the state of Nebraska using the robust sampling design to account for imperfect detection. We used Bayesian latent indicator scale selection with N-mixture models to estimate species’ characteristic selection scales of six habitat features in 86 species. We propagated the uncertainty associated with assigning characteristic scales to a model of the relationship between body size and characteristic spatial scales.\n\nResults.\nSpecies characteristic scales varied across habitat predictors, and varied in the uncertainty associated with selecting single characteristic scales. After propagating uncertainty our results do not support a relationship between species’ body size and the spatial scales at which they respond to landscape features.\n\nConclusions.\nAs species abundance integrates birth, death, immigration, and emigration processes, each of which are influenced by ecological processes manifesting at various scales, we question whether a general allometric relationship should be expected. Our results suggest that selection may act on responses to specific environmental features, rather than response to spatial scale per se.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-018-0648-6","usgsCitation":"Stuber, E., Gruber, L., and Fontaine, J.J., 2019, Predicting species-habitat relationships: Does body size matter?: Landscape Ecology, v. 33, no. 7, p. 1049-1060, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-018-0648-6.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1049","endPage":"1060","ipdsId":"IP-071453","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":3,"text":"Helena PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuber, E.F.","contributorId":205137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stuber","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37031,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gruber, L.","contributorId":215936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gruber","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fontaine, Joseph J. 0000-0002-7639-9156 jfontaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-9156","contributorId":3820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Joseph","email":"jfontaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204574,"text":"70204574 - 2019 - Effects of landscape characteristics on annual survival of Lesser Prairie-Chickens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-08T11:24:13","indexId":"70204574","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-01T13:00:38","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of landscape characteristics on annual survival of Lesser Prairie-Chickens","docAbstract":"Agriculture and development have caused landscape change throughout the southwestern Great Plains in the range of the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus). Landscape alteration within the lesser prairie-chicken range may contribute to range contraction and population losses through decreases in survival rates. Our objectives were to determine if: (1) landscape configuration (i.e., the spatial arrangement of habitat) or composition (i.e., the amount of habitat), at the study-site scale, affected annual survival of females, (2) relationships exist between landscape context (i.e., landscape configuration and composition) and weekly survival to assess effects of landscape composition and configuration on lesser prairie-chicken populations, and (3) anthropogenic features influenced daily mortality risk. We captured 170 female lesser prairie-chickens and used very-high-frequency and GPS (Global Positioning System) transmitters to track their movement and survival for 2 y. We used known-fate survival models to test if landscape configuration or composition within three sites in Kansas were related to differences in female survival among sites. In addition we tested for relationships between weekly survival and landscape configuration or composition within home ranges. Finally, we used Andersen-Gill models to test the influence of distance to anthropogenic features on daily mortality risk. Differences in survival were evident between sites with differing landscape compositions as annual survival in Northwestern Kansas (Ŝ= 0.27) was half that of Clark County, Kansas (Ŝ= 0.56), which corresponded with 41.9% more grassland on the landscape in Clark County; landscape configuration did not measurably differ among sites. Survival was greater for prairie-chickens with home-ranges that had greater patch richness and in areas with 30% crop and 57% grassland. Female lesser prairie-chickens also experienced greater mortality risk closer to fences at patch edges. Further conversion of grassland landscapes occupied by lesser prairie-chickens should be avoided to reduce habitat loss and fragmentation thresholds that could affect survival. We suggest continued encouragement of Conservation Reserve Program enrollment in western areas of the lesser prairie-chicken range to maintain or increase the amount of grassland to increase annual survival.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-180.1.66","usgsCitation":"Robinson, S.G., Haukos, D.A., Plumb, R.T., Kraft, J.D., Sullins, D.S., Lautenbach, J.M., Lautenbach, J.D., Sandercock, B.K., Christian A. Hagen, Bartuszevige, A.M., and Rice, M.B., 2019, Effects of landscape characteristics on annual survival of Lesser Prairie-Chickens: American Midland Naturalist, v. 180, p. 66-86, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-180.1.66.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"86","ipdsId":"IP-085818","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":352,"text":"Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2559517","text":"External Repository"},{"id":366273,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -97.93212890625,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -97.93212890625,\n 39.35978526869001\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 39.35978526869001\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 37.02886944696474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"180","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Samantha G.","contributorId":172786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plumb, Reid T.","contributorId":172787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plumb","given":"Reid","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraft, John D.","contributorId":172789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kraft","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sullins, Daniel S.","contributorId":166689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullins","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lautenbach, Joseph M.","contributorId":172788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lautenbach","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lautenbach, Jonathan D.","contributorId":172790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lautenbach","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sandercock, Brett K.","contributorId":95816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandercock","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Christian A. Hagen","contributorId":217299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christian A. Hagen","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bartuszevige, Anne M.","contributorId":172827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartuszevige","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rice, Mindy B.","contributorId":214399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rice","given":"Mindy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70223490,"text":"70223490 - 2019 - Let’s agree to disagree: Comparing auto-acoustic identification programs for northeastern bats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-30T13:11:53.375779","indexId":"70223490","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-01T08:09:48","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Let’s agree to disagree: Comparing auto-acoustic identification programs for northeastern bats","docAbstract":"With the declines in abundance and changing distribution of white-nose syndrome–affected bat species, increased reliance on acoustic monitoring is now the new “normal.” As such, the ability to accurately identify individual bat species with acoustic identification programs has become increasingly important. We assessed rates of disagreement between the three U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service–approved acoustic identification software programs (Kaleidoscope Pro 4.2.0, Echoclass 3.1, and Bat Call Identification 2.7d) and manual visual identification using acoustic data collected during summers from 2003 to 2017 at Fort Drum, New York. We assessed the percentage of agreement between programs through pairwise comparisons on a total nightly count level, individual file level (e.g., individual echolocation pass call file), and grouped maximum likelihood estimate level (e.g., probability values that a species is misclassified as present when in fact it is absent) using preplanned contrasts, Akaike Information Criterion, and annual confusion matrices. Interprogram agreement on an individual file level was low, as measured by Cohen's Kappa (0.2–0.6). However, site-night level pairwise comparative analysis indicated that program agreement was higher (40–90%) using single season occupancy metrics. In comparing analytical outcomes of our different datasets (i.e., how comparable programs and visual identification are regarding the relationship between environmental conditions and bat activity), we determined high levels of congruency in the relative rankings of the model as well as the relative level of support for each individual model. This indicated that among individual software packages, when analyzing bat calls, there was consistent ecological inference beyond the file-by-file level at the scales used by managers. Depending on objectives, we believe our results can help users choose automated software and maximum likelihood estimate thresholds more appropriate for their needs and allow for better cross-comparison of studies using different automated acoustic software.
The Santa Cruz Basin (SCB) is one of several fault-bounded basins within the California Continental Borderland that has drawn interest over the years for its role in the tectonic evolution of the region, but also because it contains a record of a variety of modes of sedimentary mass transport (i.e., open slope vs. canyon-confined systems). Here, we present a suite of new high-resolution marine geophysical data that demonstrate the extent and significance of the SCB submarine landslide complex in terms of late Miocene to present basin evolution and regional geohazard assessment. The new data reveal that submarine landslides cover an area of ~160 km2 along the eastern flank of the Santa Rosa–Cortes Ridge and have emplaced a minimum of 9 to 16 km3 of mass transport deposits along the floor of the SCB during the Quaternary. The failures occur along an onlapping wedge of Pliocene sediment that was uplifted and tilted during the later stages of basin development. The uplifted and steepened Pliocene strata were preconditioned for failure so that parts of the section failed episodically throughout the Quaternary—most likely during large earthquakes. Once failed, the material initially translated as a block glide along a defined failure surface. As transport continued several kilometers across a steep section of the lower slope, the material separated into distinctive proximal and distal components. The failed masses mobilized into debris flows that show evidence for dynamic separation into less and more mobile components that disturbed and eroded underlying stratigraphy in areas most proximal to the source area. The most highly mobilized components and those with the lowest viscosity and yield strength produced flows that blanket the underlying stratigraphy along the distal reaches of deposition. The estimated volumes of individual landslides within the complex (0.1–2.6 km3), the runout distance measured from the headwalls (>20 km), and evidence for relatively high velocity during initial mobilization all suggest that slides in the SCB may have been tsunamigenic. Because many slopes in the California Continental Borderland are either sediment starved or have experienced sediment bypass during the Quaternary, we propose that uplift and rotation of Pliocene deposits are important preconditioning factors for slope failure that need to be systematically evaluated as potential tsunami initiators.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"From the Mountains to the Abyss--The California Borderland as an archive of southern California geologic evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.2110/sepmsp.110.05","usgsCitation":"Brothers, D., Maier, K.L., Kluesner, J., Conrad, J.E., and Chaytor, J., 2019, The Santa Cruz Basin submarine landslide complex, southern California: Repeated failure of uplifted basin sediment, chap. of From the Mountains to the Abyss--The California Borderland as an archive of southern California geologic evolution, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.110.05.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-075723","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"California Continental Borderland, Santa Cruz Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.12451171875,\n 33.30298618122413\n ],\n [\n -119.14672851562499,\n 33.30298618122413\n ],\n [\n -119.14672851562499,\n 33.925129700072\n ],\n [\n -120.12451171875,\n 33.925129700072\n ],\n [\n -120.12451171875,\n 33.30298618122413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. 0000-0001-7702-157X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-157X","contributorId":210199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maier, Katherine L. 0000-0003-2908-3340 kcoble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2908-3340","contributorId":4926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"Katherine","email":"kcoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kluesner, Jared W. 0000-0003-1701-8832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-8832","contributorId":206367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kluesner","given":"Jared W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conrad, James E. 0000-0001-6655-694X jconrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-694X","contributorId":2316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrad","given":"James","email":"jconrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chaytor, Jason 0000-0001-8135-8677 jchaytor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8135-8677","contributorId":140095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason","email":"jchaytor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203545,"text":"70203545 - 2019 - Effects of elevated temperature on osmoregulation and stress responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts in freshwater and seawater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-21T13:28:47","indexId":"70203545","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-28T13:27:44","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of elevated temperature on osmoregulation and stress responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts in freshwater and seawater","docAbstract":"Smolting in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar is a critical life‐history stage that is preparatory for downstream migration and entry to seawater that is regulated by abiotic variables including photoperiod and temperature. The present study was undertaken to determine the interaction of temperature and salinity on salinity tolerance, gill osmoregulatory proteins and cellular and endocrine stress in S. salar smolts. Fish were exposed to rapid changes in temperature (from 14 to 17, 20 and 24°C) in fresh water (FW) and seawater (SW), with and without prior acclimation and sampled after 2 and 8 days. Fish exposed simultaneously to SW and 24°C experienced 100% mortality, whereas no mortality occurred in any of the other groups. The highest temperature also resulted in poor ion regulation in SW with or without prior SW acclimation, whereas no substantial effect was observed in FW. Gill Na+–K+‐ATPase (NKA) activity increased in SW fish compared to FW fish and decreased with high temperature in both FW and SW. Gill Nkaα1a abundance was high in FW and Nkaα1b and Na+–K+‐2Cl‐ cotransporter high in SW, but all three were lower at the highest temperature. Gill Hsp70 levels were elevated in FW and SW at the highest temperature and increased with increasing temperature 2 days following direct transfer to SW. Plasma cortisol levels were elevated in SW at the highest temperature. Our results indicate that there is an important interaction of salinity and elevated temperature on osmoregulatory performance and the cellular stress response in S. salar, with an apparent threshold for osmoregulatory failure in SW above 20°C.
We developed state-space models for inferring movements and behaviors of fish implanted with acoustic transmitters and detected within a spatial array of stationary acoustic receivers. In these models fish movements and behavior switching are specified using a hidden Markov model of the changes in an individual's latent activity center. The observed number of detections at each acoustic receiver is modeled as a function of the distance between the receiver and a fish's activity center. To illustrate these models, we analyzed the detections of individual Gulf sturgeon that moved within a spatial array of acoustic receivers placed in the Suwannee River, Florida. Our models of these detections provided estimates of the locations of individual sturgeon and the periods when individuals switched between spawning and resting behaviors. We anticipate that these models will be used to analyze acoustic surveys of other species and to help design new surveys.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2018-0067 ","usgsCitation":"Price, M.E., and Dorazio, R., 2019, State-space models to infer movements and behavior of fish detected in a spatial array of acoustic receivers : Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 76, no. 4, p. 543-550, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0067 .","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"543","endPage":"550","ipdsId":"IP-099255 ","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/91211","text":"External Repository"},{"id":356592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2a3e4b0702d0e842fa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Melissa E. 0000-0002-4276-0855 mprice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4276-0855","contributorId":5875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Melissa","email":"mprice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorazio, Robert 0000-0003-2663-0468 bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":149286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":742992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203751,"text":"70203751 - 2019 - Scale dependence of diversity in alpine tundra, Rocky Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-07T15:57:50","indexId":"70203751","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-23T15:49:05","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scale dependence of diversity in alpine tundra, Rocky Mountains, USA","docAbstract":"Drivers of alpine plant community composition have been observed to vary with scale. Diversity of alpine tundra across four regions of the Rocky Mountains and among plots within one region was examined relative to temperature and precipitation variables. For regional scale analyses, averages of three metrics of plot-level species diversity relative to environmental variables and regional gamma diversity were examined for a subset of 60 plots from a stratified random sample in each region. For local scale analyses, additional soil and climate variables were included at 96 plots from one of the four regions. Correlations and visual examination of bivariate plots elucidated possible controls of cold temperatures and gamma diversity on average diversity metrics among the four regions and of precipitation and/or location on plot-level metrics within the single region. For the latter, the bivariate graph indicated a triangular distribution in which all levels of diversity exist at low precipitation but only low diversity at higher precipitation. We propose that change in drivers with scale is a general result of the relative importance of temperature and water in seed production (temperature > water) and seedling establishment (vice versa) and the logical priority of seed production over seedling establishment.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11258-018-0852-0","usgsCitation":"Malanson, G.P., Fagre, D.B., and Zimmerman, D.L., 2019, Scale dependence of diversity in alpine tundra, Rocky Mountains, USA: Plant Ecology, v. 219, no. 8, p. 999-1008, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-018-0852-0.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"999","endPage":"1008","ipdsId":"IP-092228","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Beartooth Range, Indian Peaks Area, Rocky Mountains, ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.16894531249999,\n 48.80686346108517\n ],\n [\n -107.22656249999999,\n 36.4566360115962\n ],\n [\n -104.94140625,\n 35.53222622770337\n ],\n [\n -105.29296874999999,\n 39.095962936305476\n ],\n [\n -107.138671875,\n 44.213709909702054\n ],\n [\n -114.9169921875,\n 48.83579746243093\n ],\n [\n -118.16894531249999,\n 48.80686346108517\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"219","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malanson, George P.","contributorId":189162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malanson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, Dale L.","contributorId":166811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204289,"text":"70204289 - 2019 - A repeating event sequence alarm for monitoring volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T14:25:22","indexId":"70204289","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-20T14:22:05","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A repeating event sequence alarm for monitoring volcanoes","docAbstract":"A major challenge in volcanology is forecasting eruptions. Repeating earthquake sequences may precede volcanic eruptions or lava dome growth and collapse, providing an opportunity for short-term eruption forecasting. I develop an automated repeating earthquake sequence detector and near real-time alarm to send alerts when an in-progress sequence is identified. The algorithm is based on a standard event detector (e.g., STA/LTA) and subsequent correlation-matching procedure that identifies repeating event sequences. A notification algorithm determines when a sequence is in progress and sends alerts. I use eruptions of three Alaskan volcanoes as case studies to test the alarm, implementing it both in retrospect and in real-time during the 2016-2017 Bogoslof eruption. These case studies show that the alarm can successfully be used to detect and alert on sequences of repeating events in a timely manner.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220170263","usgsCitation":"Tepp, G., 2019, A repeating event sequence alarm for monitoring volcanoes: Seismological Research Letters, v. 89, no. 5, p. 1863-1876, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220170263.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1863","endPage":"1876","ipdsId":"IP-092679","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tepp, Gabrielle 0000-0001-5388-5138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-5138","contributorId":206305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tepp","given":"Gabrielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70203757,"text":"70203757 - 2019 - A portfolio framework for prioritizing conservation efforts for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-10T09:35:57","indexId":"70203757","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-20T09:22:03","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5686,"text":"Fisheries Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A portfolio framework for prioritizing conservation efforts for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout populations","docAbstract":"Managing and conserving native taxa are becoming increasingly challenging because of mounting threats and limited resources, predicating the need for frameworks to prioritize conservation actions. We integrated attributes of population persistence, genetic status, threats from nonnative species, and threats from climatic shifts to prioritize conservation actions for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri. We used the individual attributes to rank populations and provide a framework for identifying the benefits of individual conservation actions. The majority of extant populations (57%) had a high probability (>0.75) of persistence, but nearly 70% of populations were either slightly hybridized or sympatric with nonnative species, and 44% of extant populations occupied habitat with low climatic resilience. Overall, we found that 36% of populations ranked as high (>0.75) conservation priority, and these populations primarily occupied large, relatively high‐elevation habitats. The prioritization framework provides a platform for identifying and ranking actions with the greatest conservation effectiveness.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10137","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R., Shepard, B.B., Burckhardt, J.C., Garren, D., Opitz, S., Koel, T., Nelson, L.M., and Gresswell, R.E., 2019, A portfolio framework for prioritizing conservation efforts for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout populations: Fisheries Magazine, v. 43, no. 10, p. 485-496, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10137.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"496","ipdsId":"IP-085801","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater Yellowstone Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.027099609375,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -107.479248046875,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -107.479248046875,\n 46.01222384063236\n ],\n [\n -114.027099609375,\n 46.01222384063236\n ],\n [\n -114.027099609375,\n 41.44272637767212\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert 0000-0002-2136-5098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":216140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shepard, Bradley B.","contributorId":145880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shepard","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6765,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burckhardt, Jason C.","contributorId":216141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burckhardt","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36596,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garren, Dan","contributorId":200463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garren","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":763982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Opitz, Scott","contributorId":200462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Opitz","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":763983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koel, Todd M.","contributorId":196920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koel","given":"Todd M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":763984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nelson, Lee M.","contributorId":169853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5099,"text":"Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E. 0000-0003-0063-855X bgresswell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-855X","contributorId":152031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert","email":"bgresswell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70215425,"text":"70215425 - 2019 - Growth, condition, and trophic relations of stocked trout in southern Appalachian mountain streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-20T14:51:13.80001","indexId":"70215425","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-18T09:41:27","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth, condition, and trophic relations of stocked trout in southern Appalachian mountain streams","docAbstract":"Stream trout fisheries are among the most popular and valuable in the United States, but many are dependent on hatcheries to sustain fishing and harvest. Thus, understanding the ecology of hatchery‐reared trout stocked in natural environments is fundamental to management. We evaluated the growth, condition, and trophic relations of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, Brown Trout Salmo trutta, and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss that were stocked in southern Appalachian Mountain streams in western North Carolina. Stocked and wild (naturalized) trout were sampled over time (monthly; September 2012–June 2013) to compare condition and diet composition and to evaluate temporal dynamics of trophic position with stable isotope analysis. Relative weights (Wr) of stocked trout were inversely associated with their stream residence time but were consistently higher than those of wild trout. Weight loss of harvested stocked trout was similar among species and sizes, but fish stocked earlier lost more weight. Overall, 40% of 141 stomachs from stocked trout were empty compared to 15% of wild trout stomachs (N = 26). We identified a much higher rate of piscivory in wild trout (18 times that of stocked trout), and wild trout were 4.3 times more likely to consume gastropods relative to stocked trout. Hatchery‐reared trout were isotopically similar to co‐occurring wild fish for both δ13C and δ15N values but were less variable than wild trout. Differences in sulfur isotope ratios (δ34S) between wild and hatchery‐reared trout indicated that the diets of wild fish were enriched in δ34S relative to the diets of hatchery‐reared fish. Although hatchery‐reared trout consumed prey items similar to those of wild fish, differences in consumption or behavior (e.g., reduced feeding) may have resulted in lower condition and negative growth. These findings provide critical insight on the trophic dynamics of stocked trout and may assist in developing and enhancing stream trout fisheries.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10170","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J.R., Kwak, T.J., Flowers, H., Cope, W., Rash, J.M., and Besler, D., 2019, Growth, condition, and trophic relations of stocked trout in southern Appalachian mountain streams: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 148, no. 4, p. 771-784, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10170.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"771","endPage":"784","ipdsId":"IP-107873","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.6448974609375,\n 36.602299135790446\n ],\n [\n -81.8096923828125,\n 36.32397712011264\n ],\n [\n -82.11181640625,\n 36.09349937380574\n ],\n [\n -82.4853515625,\n 36.0624217151089\n ],\n [\n -82.7874755859375,\n 35.95577654056531\n ],\n [\n -83.34228515625,\n 35.62158189955968\n ],\n [\n -84.0838623046875,\n 35.32184842037683\n ],\n [\n -84.2816162109375,\n 35.178298352001214\n ],\n [\n -84.29809570312499,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -82.6611328125,\n 35.08395557927643\n ],\n [\n -82.034912109375,\n 35.232159412017154\n ],\n [\n -80.82092285156249,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -81.6448974609375,\n 36.602299135790446\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, J. R.","contributorId":243373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fischer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwak, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0616-137X tkwak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-137X","contributorId":834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Thomas","email":"tkwak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flowers, H. J.","contributorId":243374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flowers","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cope, W. G.","contributorId":243375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cope","given":"W. G.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rash, J. M.","contributorId":243376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rash","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36454,"text":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Besler, D. A.","contributorId":243377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Besler","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[{"id":36454,"text":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70203035,"text":"70203035 - 2019 - Monitoring brine contamination using time-lapse airborne electromagnetic surveys, East Poplar Oil Field, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-17T09:34:03","indexId":"70203035","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-14T09:33:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Monitoring brine contamination using time-lapse airborne electromagnetic surveys, East Poplar Oil Field, Montana","docAbstract":"Integrated geophysical and water-quality studies have been used to delineate areas of saline groundwater in shallow unconfined aquifers underlying the East Poplar oil field in northeastern Montana. In 2004, a RESOLVE survey was conducted over the oil field to identify high conductivity areas potentially associated with brine contamination and to map the shale unit comprising the base of aquifer. In 2014, a SkyTEM 301 survey was conducted over the same flight paths to examine possible changes in groundwater conductivity and to complete the base-of-aquifer mapping where the depth of investigation from the 2004 survey was inadequate. We present a preliminary comparison between the 2004 and 2014 surveys.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"7th annual conference on airborne electromagnetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"7th annual conference on airborne electromagnetics","conferenceDate":"June 17-20, 2018","conferenceLocation":"Kolding, Denmark","language":"English","publisher":"AEM","usgsCitation":"Ball, L., Deszcz-Pan, M., Thamke, J., and Smith, B., 2019, Monitoring brine contamination using time-lapse airborne electromagnetic surveys, East Poplar Oil Field, Montana, in 7th annual conference on airborne electromagnetics, Kolding, Denmark, June 17-20, 2018.","ipdsId":"IP-095182","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":362997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.conferencemanager.dk/AEM2018/abstracts-presentations-posters.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"East Poplar Oil Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.2435302734375,\n 48.028509034432986\n ],\n [\n -104.8809814453125,\n 48.028509034432986\n ],\n [\n -104.8809814453125,\n 48.439223211480595\n ],\n [\n -105.2435302734375,\n 48.439223211480595\n ],\n [\n -105.2435302734375,\n 48.028509034432986\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay 0000-0002-6356-4693","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":214821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":760887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, Maria 0000-0002-6298-5314","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-5314","contributorId":214822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"Maria","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":760888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thamke, Joanna 0000-0002-6917-1946 jothamke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6917-1946","contributorId":214823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thamke","given":"Joanna","email":"jothamke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Bruce 0000-0002-1643-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-2997","contributorId":214824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203036,"text":"70203036 - 2019 - Mapping protected groundwater adjacent to oil and gas fields, San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-17T09:24:31","indexId":"70203036","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-14T09:23:28","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Mapping protected groundwater adjacent to oil and gas fields, San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys are a major component of a regional study of groundwater quality adjacent to oil and gas fields in the San Joaquin Valley of California, USA. AEM resistivity models are being used to delineate groundwater salinity in an effort to locate groundwater adjacent to oil and gas fields that could have future beneficial use. AEM models are also being used to improve our understanding of the hydrogeologic controls that may influence fluid transport between oil and gas operations and protected groundwater.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"7th annual conference on Airborne electromagnetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"7th annual conference on Airborne electromagnetics","conferenceDate":"June 17-20, 2018","conferenceLocation":"Kolding, Denmark","language":"English","publisher":"AEM","usgsCitation":"Ball, L.B., Gillespie, J., Minsley, B., Davis, T., and Landon, M.K., 2019, Mapping protected groundwater adjacent to oil and gas fields, San Joaquin Valley, California, in 7th annual conference on Airborne electromagnetics, Kolding, Denmark, June 17-20, 2018.","ipdsId":"IP-095178","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":362995,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.conferencemanager.dk/AEM2018/abstracts-presentations-posters.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.5,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 35.75]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay B. 0000-0002-6356-4693 lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gillespie, Janice M. 0000-0003-1667-3472","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1667-3472","contributorId":203915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Janice M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":760892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minsley, Burke 0000-0003-1689-1306","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":211849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":760893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Tracy 0000-0003-0253-6661 tadavis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0253-6661","contributorId":176921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Tracy","email":"tadavis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landon, Matthew K. 0000-0002-5766-0494 landon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"Matthew","email":"landon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70197621,"text":"70197621 - 2019 - Historical sediment mercury deposition for select South Dakota, USA, lakes: implications for watershed transport and flooding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T09:33:25","indexId":"70197621","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2457,"text":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historical sediment mercury deposition for select South Dakota, USA, lakes: implications for watershed transport and flooding","docAbstract":"Purpose
Select South Dakota, USA water bodies, including both natural lakes and man-made impoundments, were sampled and analyzed to assess mercury (Hg) dynamics and historical patterns of total Hg deposition.
Materials and methods
Sediment cores were collected from seven South Dakota lakes. Mercury concentrations and flux profiles were determined using lead (210Pb) dating and sedimentation rates.
Results and discussion
Most upper lake sediments contained variable heavy metal concentrations, but became more consistent with depth and age. Five of the seven lakes exhibited Hg accumulation fluxes that peaked between 1920 and 1960, while the remaining two lakes exhibited recent (1995–2009) Hg flux spikes. Historical sediment accumulation rates and Hg flux profiles demonstrate similar peak and stabilized values. Mercury in the sampled South Dakota lakes appears to emanate from watershed transport due to erosion from agricultural land use common to the Northern Great Plains.
Conclusions
For sampled South Dakota lakes, watershed inputs are more significant sources of Hg than atmospheric deposition.
Perennial sea-ice cover over much of Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean has hampered geoscientific studies, but concerted efforts over the past decade– particularly with the use of two ice-breakers working collaboratively – has led to new seismic and sample acquisitions. These studies have revealed extensive non-oceanic basement beneath Canada Basin that coincides with proof of a central spreading axis and limited oceanic crust. Additionally, seismic reflection studies have shown its sedimentologic history and stratigraphic development. High resolution subbottom and multibeam detail have revealed its more recent geologic past, including the extent of ice margins during the Pleistocene and the role of submarine landslides and ocean currents within the basin. Despite this new information, there are still significant challenges in understanding the basin. These challenges result from the fact that the basin did not form by a simple rift/extension scenario, but rather more likely through a complexity of events that included variably oriented extension, trans-tension and transform tectonics. Additionally, emplacement of the high arctic magnetic domain (Alpha Ridge and Mendeleev Rise) masks underlying tectonic structures, and lack of age control inhibits correlation with global events.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic structures of the Arctic Basin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-77742-9_10","usgsCitation":"Mosher, D., and Hutchinson, D., 2019, Canada Basin, chap. of Geologic structures of the Arctic Basin, p. 295-325, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77742-9_10.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"325","ipdsId":"IP-094391","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Canada Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90,\n 83.19489563661588\n ],\n [\n -138.8671875,\n 80.81689088640861\n ],\n [\n -151.5234375,\n 74.77584300649235\n ],\n [\n -150.46875,\n 73.62778879339942\n ],\n [\n -151.5234375,\n 72.60712040027555\n ],\n [\n -151.875,\n 70.95969716686398\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 70.49557354093136\n ],\n [\n -135.703125,\n 69.90011762668541\n ],\n [\n -126.91406249999999,\n 72.50172235139388\n ],\n [\n -125.15625000000001,\n 76.59854506890699\n ],\n [\n -102.65625,\n 80.53207112232734\n ],\n [\n -87.5390625,\n 82.8095114039649\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 83.19489563661588\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosher, David","contributorId":174895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":174836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198756,"text":"70198756 - 2019 - Are waterfowl food resources limited during spring migration? A bioenergetic assessment of playas in Nebraska's rainwater basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-26T16:21:59","indexId":"70198756","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-05T10:22:07","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are waterfowl food resources limited during spring migration? A bioenergetic assessment of playas in Nebraska's rainwater basin","docAbstract":"Accurate bioenergetic carrying capacity estimates of wetlands on public and private lands, as well as those managed for crop production are important for managing waterfowl populations and habitats. Given the importance of wetlands in the Rainwater Basin region of Nebraska for spring migrating waterfowl, we quantified and compared seed and aquatic invertebrate biomass and true metabolizable energy (TME) at three wetland types; public wetlands, wetlands enrolled in the Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP), and cropped wetlands. Median seed biomass estimates at public, WRP, and cropped wetlands were 593kg/ha, 561kg/ha, and 419kg/ha respectively. Cumulative TME varied among wetland type, with greater TME at cropped wetlands (2,431kcal/kg) than public (1,740kcal/kg) and WRP wetlands (1,781kcal/kg). Seed biomass estimates from this study were statistically greater than those currently used for management planning in the RWB, however, TME estimates were statistically lower than estimates currently assumed for WRP and public wetlands. Our estimates for aquatic invertebrate biomass were approximately 40-fold less than seed biomass estimates. Based on spring ponding frequency at wetlands in Nebraska’s Rainwater Basin, and the caloric estimates derived for each wetland type, we concluded that the regions wetlands meet the energetic demand of spring migrating waterfowl during 10% of years.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-018-1047-0","usgsCitation":"Schepker, T.J., LaGrange, T., and Webb, E.B., 2019, Are waterfowl food resources limited during spring migration? A bioenergetic assessment of playas in Nebraska's rainwater basin: Wetlands, v. 39, no. 1, p. 173-184, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1047-0.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"184","ipdsId":"IP-091625","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1047-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Rainwater Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 40.22921818870117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2afe4b0702d0e842fb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schepker, Travis J.","contributorId":207140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schepker","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaGrange, Ted","contributorId":207141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaGrange","given":"Ted","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17640,"text":"Nebraska Game and Parks Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197422,"text":"70197422 - 2019 - Climatic sensitivity of dryland soil CO2 fluxes differs dramatically with biological soil crust successional state","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-21T14:58:45","indexId":"70197422","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Climatic sensitivity of dryland soil CO2 fluxes differs dramatically with biological soil crust successional state","title":"Climatic sensitivity of dryland soil CO2 fluxes differs dramatically with biological soil crust successional state","docAbstract":"Arid and semiarid ecosystems make up approximately 41% of Earth’s terrestrial surface and are suggested to regulate the trend and interannual variability of the global terrestrial carbon (C) sink. Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are common dryland soil surface communities of bryophytes, lichens, and/or cyanobacteria that bind the soil surface together and that may play an important role in regulating the climatic sensitivity of the dryland C cycle. Major uncertainties exist in our understanding of the interacting effects of changing temperature and moisture on CO2 uptake (photosynthesis) and loss (respiration) from biocrust and sub-crust soil, particularly as related to biocrust successional state. Here, we used a mesocosm approach to assess how biocrust successional states related to climate treatments. We subjected bare soil (Bare), early successional lightly pigmented cyanobacterial biocrust (Early), and late successional darkly pigmented moss-lichen biocrust (Late) to either ambient or + 5°C above ambient soil temperature for 84 days. Under ambient temperatures, Late biocrust mesocosms showed frequent net uptake of CO2, whereas Bare soil, Early biocrust, and warmed Late biocrust mesocosms mostly lost CO2 to the atmosphere. The inhibiting effect of warming on CO2 exchange was a result of accelerated drying of biocrust and soil. We used these data to parameterize, via Bayesian methods, a model of ecosystem CO2 fluxes, and evaluated the model with data from an autochamber CO2 system at our field site on the Colorado Plateau in SE Utah. In the context of the field experiment, the data underscore the negative effect of warming on fluxes both biocrust CO2 uptake and loss—which, because biocrusts are a dominant land cover type in this ecosystem, may extend to ecosystem-scale C cycling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-018-0250-4","usgsCitation":"Tucker, C., Ferrenberg, S., and Reed, S.C., 2019, Climatic sensitivity of dryland soil CO2 fluxes differs dramatically with biological soil crust successional state: Ecosystems, v. 22, no. 1, p. 15-32, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0250-4.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"32","ipdsId":"IP-083628","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354689,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e575e4b060350a15d191","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tucker, Colin 0000-0002-4539-7780 ctucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4539-7780","contributorId":167487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Colin","email":"ctucker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrenberg, Scott 0000-0002-3542-0334 sferrenberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3542-0334","contributorId":147684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrenberg","given":"Scott","email":"sferrenberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204494,"text":"70204494 - 2019 - Terrestrial fauna are agents and endpoints in ecosystem restoration following dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-26T15:14:32","indexId":"70204494","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T15:13:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1462,"text":"Ecological Restoration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Terrestrial fauna are agents and endpoints in ecosystem restoration following dam removal","docAbstract":"Dam removal is an effective and increasingly applied river restoration strategy. This has led to heightened calls for research and monitoring aimed at understanding physical and ecological outcomes following dam removal. While such research programs have increased, roles of terrestrial fauna in the restoration process remain poorly understood, although wildlife and invertebrate fauna are key components of restored ecosystems. Wildlife play reciprocal roles in restoration: they benefit from restored habitats and their activities affect restoration trajectories. Dam removal exposes substrates on former reservoirs and reconnects river corridors, providing new habitat and food resources for terrestrial fauna. Conversely, many wildlife may influence the river restoration process, with both short-term and long-term consequences for community composition, nutrient transfer, and ecosystem function. We assert that considering terrestrial fauna more directly in river restoration research and planning can enhance restoration outcomes. We illustrate these concepts by describing short-term patterns and potential future processes expected from the recent removal of two large dams on the Elwha River in Washington State, the largest dam removal effort ever undertaken. We conclude that an ecosystem-level understanding of restoration following dam removal is critical to fully assessing the impacts and benefits of restoration. This includes measuring the roles and responses of terrestrial fauna to these ecologically and culturally significant restoration projects.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","doi":"10.3368/er.36.2.97","usgsCitation":"McCaffery, R.M., McLaughlin, J.P., Sager-Fradkin, K., and Jenkins, K.J., 2019, Terrestrial fauna are agents and endpoints in ecosystem restoration following dam removal: Ecological Restoration, v. 36, no. 2, p. 97-107, https://doi.org/10.3368/er.36.2.97.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"107","ipdsId":"IP-078714","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366003,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":365997,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://er.uwpress.org/content/36/2/97.abstract"}],"volume":"36","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCaffery, Rebecca M. 0000-0002-0396-0387","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-0387","contributorId":211539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffery","given":"Rebecca","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McLaughlin, John P. 0000-0002-8756-2123","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-2123","contributorId":203516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sager-Fradkin, Kim","contributorId":217672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sager-Fradkin","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39680,"text":"Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenkins, Kurt J. 0000-0003-1415-6607 kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-6607","contributorId":3415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Kurt","email":"kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203182,"text":"70203182 - 2019 - In situ distributions of magnetic susceptibility in some igneous rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-25T14:31:08","indexId":"70203182","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-31T14:28:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"6","title":"In situ distributions of magnetic susceptibility in some igneous rocks","docAbstract":"Measurements of in-situ magnetic susceptibility were compiled from mainly Precambrian crystalline basement rocks beneath the Colorado Plateau and ranges in Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. The susceptibility meter used samples about 33 cubic centimeters of rock and measures variations in the modal distribution of magnetic minerals that form a minor component volumetrically in these coarsely crystalline granitic to granodioritic rocks. Recent measurements include 50-150 measurements on each outcrop and show that the distribution of magnetic susceptibilities is highly variable, multimodal and strongly non-Gaussian so that a mean value has little significance. Rock bodies with the most multimodal distributions generally have complex tectonic histories including metamorphism and multiple tectonic events. Variations between outcrops within the same rock body are large; however, where distributions overlap, measurements appear to fill gaps within modal peaks. Histograms of measurements are a better representation of the magnetic susceptibility distribution for a given rock body than mean and standard deviation. The best effective magnetic susceptibility estimate for an outcrop can be obtained by computing themagnetic force of the measurements 3-5 m above the outcrop and finding the constant susceptibility that gives an equal integral of the force. The multifractal distribution of the minor minerals in the rocks explains the observed multimodal distributions of magnetic susceptibility at millimeter to meter scales.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Horizons in Earth Science Research. Volume 18","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nova Science Publishers, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Gettings, M.E., 2019, In situ distributions of magnetic susceptibility in some igneous rocks, chap. 6 of Horizons in Earth Science Research. Volume 18, p. 183-208.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"208","ipdsId":"IP-093170","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":363214,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://novapublishers.com/shop/horizons-in-earth-science-research-volume-18/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gettings, Mark E. 0000-0002-2910-2321 mgetting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2910-2321","contributorId":602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"Mark","email":"mgetting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70197363,"text":"70197363 - 2019 - Post-fire redistribution of soil carbon and nitrogen at a grassland-shrubland ecotone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-21T14:59:36","indexId":"70197363","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-fire redistribution of soil carbon and nitrogen at a grassland-shrubland ecotone","docAbstract":"The rapid conversion of grasslands into shrublands has been observed in many arid and semiarid regions worldwide. Studies have shown that fire can provide certain forms of reversibility for shrub-grass transition due to resource homogenization and shrub mortality, especially in the early stages of shrub encroachment. Field-level post-fire soil resource redistribution has rarely been tested. Here we used prescribed fire in a shrubland-grassland transition zone in the northern Chihuahuan Desert to test the hypothesis that fire facilitates the remobilization of nutrient-enriched soil from shrub microsites to grass and bare microsites and thereby reduces the spatial heterogeneity of soil resources. Results show that the shrub microsites had the lowest water content compared to grass and bare microsites after fire, even when rain events occurred. Significant differences of total soil carbon (TC) and total soil nitrogen (TN) among the three microsites disappeared one year after the fire. The spatial autocorrelation distance increased from 1~2 m, approximately the mean size of an individual shrub canopy, to over 5 m one year after the fire for TC and TN. Patches of high soil C and N decomposed one year after the prescribed fire. Overall, fire stimulates the transfer of soil C and N from shrub microsites to nutrient-depleted grass and bare microsites. Such a redistribution of soil C and N, coupled with the reduced soil water content under the shrub canopies, suggests that fire might influence the competition between shrubs and grasses, leading to a higher grass, compared to shrub, coverage in this ecotone.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-018-0260-2","usgsCitation":"Wang, G., Li, J., Ravi, S., Dukes, D., Gonzales, H.B., and Sankey, J.B., 2019, Post-fire redistribution of soil carbon and nitrogen at a grassland-shrubland ecotone: Ecosystems, v. 22, no. 1, p. 174-188, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0260-2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"188","ipdsId":"IP-091417","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354651,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, Chihuahua, New Mexico, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.12646484374999,\n 31.615965936476076\n ],\n [\n -111.59912109374999,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -110.91796874999999,\n 29.916852233070173\n ],\n [\n -109.64355468749999,\n 30.334953881988564\n ],\n [\n -108.14941406249999,\n 28.78691808542025\n ],\n [\n -107.60009765625,\n 27.547241546253268\n ],\n [\n -103.51318359374999,\n 23.200960808078566\n ],\n [\n -102.48046874999997,\n 22.674847351188536\n ],\n [\n -102.10693359374999,\n 22.81669412689983\n ],\n [\n -102.32666015624999,\n 23.42292845506526\n ],\n [\n -101.90917968749999,\n 23.50355189742412\n ],\n [\n -101.14013671874999,\n 23.140359987886118\n ],\n [\n -100.39306640624999,\n 23.523700058824144\n ],\n [\n -100.94238281249999,\n 25.16517336866393\n ],\n [\n -101.22802734374997,\n 25.641526373065794\n ],\n [\n -102.28271484374999,\n 26.43122806450644\n ],\n [\n -101.71142578124999,\n 27.059125784374068\n ],\n [\n -101.35986328124999,\n 28.13012773787403\n ],\n [\n -102.06298828124999,\n 29.036960648558296\n ],\n [\n -102.04101562499999,\n 29.401319510041485\n ],\n [\n -101.49169921874999,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -100.87646484374999,\n 29.78344945682063\n ],\n [\n -100.32714843749999,\n 30.126124364224605\n ],\n [\n -99.90966796874999,\n 30.675715404167743\n ],\n [\n -100.10742187499999,\n 31.052933985705163\n ],\n [\n -100.74462890624997,\n 31.372399104880525\n ],\n [\n -101.29394531249999,\n 31.89621446335144\n ],\n [\n -102.76611328125,\n 32.69486597787505\n ],\n [\n -103.55712890624997,\n 33.100745405144245\n ],\n [\n -104.26025390624999,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -104.67773437499999,\n 34.19817309627726\n ],\n [\n -105.07324218749999,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -105.44677734374997,\n 33.79740876757251\n ],\n [\n -105.40283203124999,\n 33.486435450999885\n ],\n [\n -105.40283203124999,\n 33.04550781491002\n ],\n [\n -105.24902343749997,\n 32.45415593941475\n ],\n [\n -105.6005859375,\n 32.34284135639302\n ],\n [\n -105.62255859375,\n 32.713355353177555\n ],\n [\n -106.23779296875,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -106.58935546874997,\n 33.925129700072\n ],\n [\n -107.13867187499999,\n 33.99802726234877\n ],\n [\n -107.57812499999999,\n 33.8521697014074\n ],\n [\n -107.55615234374997,\n 33.100745405144245\n ],\n [\n -107.90771484374999,\n 32.731840896865684\n ],\n [\n -108.39111328124999,\n 32.509761735919426\n ],\n [\n -108.72070312499997,\n 33.119150226768866\n ],\n [\n -108.89648437499997,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -109.20410156249997,\n 33.88865750124072\n ],\n [\n -109.31396484374999,\n 33.97980872872457\n ],\n [\n -111.73095703124999,\n 34.615126683462194\n ],\n [\n -112.25830078124999,\n 34.21634468843465\n ],\n [\n -112.32421874999999,\n 33.7243396617476\n ],\n [\n -112.23632812499997,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -111.42333984374997,\n 32.41706632846285\n ],\n [\n -111.42333984374997,\n 32.02670629333614\n ],\n [\n -111.77490234374999,\n 31.840232667909337\n ],\n [\n -112.12646484374999,\n 31.615965936476076\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b155d73e4b092d9651e1afe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Guan","contributorId":202741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Guan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36521,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Junran","contributorId":202740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Junran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36521,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ravi, Sujith","contributorId":202738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ravi","given":"Sujith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dukes, David","contributorId":202736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dukes","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gonzales, Howell B.","contributorId":202737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzales","given":"Howell","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":736870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}