We characterize the textural and geochemical features of ocean crustal zircon recovered from plagiogranite, evolved gabbro, and metamorphosed ultramafic host-rocks collected along present-day slow and ultraslow spreading mid-ocean ridges (MORs). The geochemistry of 267 zircon grains was measured by sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry at the USGS-Stanford Ion Microprobe facility. Three types of zircon are recognized based on texture and geochemistry. Most ocean crustal zircons resemble young magmatic zircon from other crustal settings, occurring as pristine, colorless euhedral (Type 1) or subhedral to anhedral (Type 2) grains. In these grains, Hf and most trace elements vary systematically with Ti, typically becoming enriched with falling Ti-in-zircon temperature. Ti-in-zircon temperatures range from 1,040 to 660°C (corrected for a TiO2 ≈ 0.7, a SiO2 ≈ 1.0, pressure ≈ 2 kbar); intra-sample variation is typically ~60–150°C. Decreasing Ti correlates with enrichment in Hf to ~2 wt%, while additional Hf-enrichment occurs at relatively constant temperature. Trends between Ti and U, Y, REE, and Eu/Eu* exhibit a similar inflection, which may denote the onset of eutectic crystallization; the inflection is well-defined by zircons from plagiogranite and implies solidus temperatures of ~680–740°C. A third type of zircon is defined as being porous and colored with chaotic CL zoning, and occurs in ~25% of rock samples studied. These features, along with high measured La, Cl, S, Ca, and Fe, and low (Sm/La)N ratios are suggestive of interaction with aqueous fluids. Non-porous, luminescent CL overgrowth rims on porous grains record uniform temperatures averaging 615 ± 26°C (2SD, n = 7), implying zircon formation below the wet-granite solidus and under water-saturated conditions. Zircon geochemistry reflects, in part, source region; elevated HREE coupled with low U concentrations allow effective discrimination of ~80% of zircon formed at modern MORs from zircon in continental crust. The geochemistry and textural observations reported here serve as an important database for comparison with detrital, xenocrystic, and metamorphosed mafic rock-hosted zircon populations to evaluate provenance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00410-009-0409-2","usgsCitation":"Grimes, C.B., John, B.E., Cheadle, M.J., Mazdab, F.K., Wooden, J., Swapp, S., and Schwartz, J.J., 2009, On the occurrence, trace element geochemistry, and crystallization history of zircon from in situ ocean lithosphere: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 158, 757, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-009-0409-2.","productDescription":"757, 27 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":398228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atlantis Fracture Zone, Mid-Atlantic Ridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -40,\n 10\n ],\n [\n -60,\n 10\n ],\n [\n -60,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -40,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -40,\n 10\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 50,\n -35\n ],\n [\n 60,\n -35\n ],\n [\n 60,\n -30\n ],\n [\n 50,\n -30\n ],\n [\n 50,\n -35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"158","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grimes, Craig B.","contributorId":68261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, Barbara E 0000-0002-7518-8736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7518-8736","contributorId":207192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"John","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheadle, Michael J.","contributorId":68945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheadle","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mazdab, Frank K. 0000-0002-1577-8857","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-8857","contributorId":193429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazdab","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swapp, Susan","contributorId":289713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swapp","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schwartz, Joshua J.","contributorId":289850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":97515,"text":"ds429 - 2009 - Archive of digitized analog boomer seismic reflection data collected from the Mississippi-Alabama-Florida Shelf During cruises onboard the R/V Kit Jones, June 1990 and July 1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-07T17:05:37.775257","indexId":"ds429","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"429","title":"Archive of digitized analog boomer seismic reflection data collected from the Mississippi-Alabama-Florida Shelf During cruises onboard the R/V Kit Jones, June 1990 and July 1991","docAbstract":"In June of 1990 and July of 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted geophysical surveys to investigate the shallow geologic framework of the Mississippi-Alabama-Florida shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico, from Mississippi Sound to the Florida Panhandle. Work was done onboard the Mississippi Mineral Resources Institute R/V Kit Jones as part of a project to study coastal erosion and offshore sand resources. This report is part of a series to digitally archive the legacy analog data collected from the Mississippi-Alabama SHelf (MASH). The MASH data rescue project is a cooperative effort by the USGS and the Minerals Management Service (MMS). This report serves as an archive of high-resolution scanned Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) and Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) images of the original boomer paper records, navigation files, trackline maps, Geographic Information System (GIS) files, cruise logs, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds429","usgsCitation":"Sanford, J.M., Harrison, A.S., Wiese, D.S., and Flocks, J.G., 2009, Archive of digitized analog boomer seismic reflection data collected from the Mississippi-Alabama-Florida Shelf During cruises onboard the R/V Kit Jones, June 1990 and July 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 429, HTML Document; DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds429.","productDescription":"HTML Document; DVD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1990-06-21","temporalEnd":"1991-07-27","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12659,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/429/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195958,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.49748804545867,\n 30.44262706921296\n ],\n [\n -89.49748804545867,\n 29.68835512743256\n ],\n [\n -86.24983819733102,\n 29.68835512743256\n ],\n [\n -86.24983819733102,\n 30.44262706921296\n ],\n [\n -89.49748804545867,\n 30.44262706921296\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679d51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Jordan M.","contributorId":17197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Arnell S. 0000-0002-5581-2255","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-2255","contributorId":35021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Arnell","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97516,"text":"fs20083096 - 2009 - Acoustic Doppler current profiler applications used in rivers and estuaries by the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T12:09:27","indexId":"fs20083096","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3096","title":"Acoustic Doppler current profiler applications used in rivers and estuaries by the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has collected streamflow information for the Nation's streams since 1889. Streamflow information is used to predict floods, manage and allocate water resources, design engineering structures, compute water-quality loads, and operate water-control structures. The current (2007) size of the USGS streamgaging network is over 7,400 streamgages nationwide. The USGS has progressively improved the streamgaging program by incorporating new technologies and techniques that streamline data collection while increasing the quality of the streamflow data that are collected.\n\nThe single greatest change in streamflow measurement technology during the last 100 years has been the development and application of high frequency acoustic instruments for measuring streamflow. One such instrument, the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), is rapidly replacing traditional mechanical current meters for streamflow measurement (Muste and others, 2007). For more information on how an ADCP works see Simpson (2001) or visit http://hydroacoustics.usgs.gov/.\n\nThe USGS has used ADCPs attached to manned or tethered boats since the mid-1990s to measure streamflow in a wide variety of conditions (fig. 1). Recent analyses have shown that ADCP streamflow measurements can be made with similar or greater accuracy, efficiency, and resolution than measurements made using conventional current-meter methods (Oberg and Mueller, 2007). ADCPs also have the ability to measure streamflow in streams where traditional current-meter measurements previously were very difficult or costly to obtain, such as streams affected by backwater or tides.\n\nIn addition to streamflow measurements, the USGS also uses ADCPs for other hydrologic measurements and applications, such as computing continuous records of streamflow for tidally or backwater affected streams, measuring velocity fields with high spatial and temporal resolution, and estimating suspended-sediment concentrations. An overview of these applications is provided in the fact sheet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20083096","usgsCitation":"Gotvald, A.J., and Oberg, K.A., 2009, Acoustic Doppler current profiler applications used in rivers and estuaries by the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3096, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083096.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3096.jpg"},{"id":12660,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3096/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a0e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gotvald, Anthony J. 0000-0002-9019-750X agotvald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9019-750X","contributorId":1970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gotvald","given":"Anthony","email":"agotvald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oberg, Kevin A. kaoberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberg","given":"Kevin","email":"kaoberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97525,"text":"ofr20091090 - 2009 - Analytical Results for Municipal Biosolids Samples from a Monitoring Program Near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.), 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"ofr20091090","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1090","title":"Analytical Results for Municipal Biosolids Samples from a Monitoring Program Near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.), 2008","docAbstract":"Since late 1993, Metro Wastewater Reclamation District of Denver (Metro District), a large wastewater treatment plant in Denver, Colo., has applied Grade I, Class B biosolids to about 52,000 acres of nonirrigated farmland and rangeland near Deer Trail, Colo. (U.S.A.). In cooperation with the Metro District in 1993, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began monitoring groundwater at part of this site. In 1999, the USGS began a more comprehensive monitoring study of the entire site to address stakeholder concerns about the potential chemical effects of biosolids applications to water, soil, and vegetation. This more comprehensive monitoring program has recently been extended through 2010. Monitoring components of the more comprehensive study include biosolids collected at the wastewater treatment plant, soil, crops, dust, alluvial and bedrock groundwater, and stream-bed sediment. Streams at the site are dry most of the year, so samples of stream-bed sediment deposited after rain were used to indicate surface-water effects. This report will present only analytical results for the biosolids samples collected at the Metro District wastewater treatment plant in Denver and analyzed during 2008. Crock and others have presented earlier a compilation of analytical results for the biosolids samples collected and analyzed for 1999 thru 2006, and in a separate report, data for the 2007 biosolids are reported. More information about the other monitoring components is presented elsewhere in the literature. Priority parameters for biosolids identified by the stakeholders and also regulated by Colorado when used as an agricultural soil amendment include the total concentrations of nine trace elements (arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, and zinc), plutonium isotopes, and gross alpha and beta activity. Nitrogen and chromium also were priority parameters for groundwater and sediment components.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091090","usgsCitation":"Crock, J., Smith, D.B., Yager, T.J., Berry, C., and Adams, M.G., 2009, Analytical Results for Municipal Biosolids Samples from a Monitoring Program Near Deer Trail, Colorado (U.S.A.), 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1090, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091090.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12668,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104,39.416666666666664 ], [ -104,39.73444444444444 ], [ -103.7,39.73444444444444 ], [ -103.7,39.416666666666664 ], [ -104,39.416666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67f59c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crock, J.G.","contributorId":58236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. B. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":12840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yager, T. J. B.","contributorId":77256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berry, C. J.","contributorId":52680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, M. G.","contributorId":84812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":97511,"text":"sim3074 - 2009 - Geologic map of the St. Joe quadrangle, Searcy and Marion Counties, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:50","indexId":"sim3074","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3074","title":"Geologic map of the St. Joe quadrangle, Searcy and Marion Counties, Arkansas","docAbstract":"This map summarizes the geology of the St. Joe 7.5-minute quadrangle in the Ozark Plateaus region of northern Arkansas. Geologically, the area lies on the southern flank of the Ozark dome, an uplift that exposes oldest rocks at its center in Missouri. Physiographically, the St. Joe quadrangle lies within the Springfield Plateau, a topographic surface generally held up by Mississippian cherty limestone. The quadrangle also contains isolated mountains (for example, Pilot Mountain) capped by Pennsylvanian rocks that are erosional outliers of the higher Boston Mountains plateau to the south. Tomahawk Creek, a tributary of the Buffalo River, flows through the eastern part of the map area, enhancing bedrock erosion. Exposed bedrock of this region comprises an approximately 1,300-ft-thick sequence of Ordovician, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian carbonate and clastic sedimentary rocks that have been mildly deformed by a series of faults and folds. \r\n\r\nThe geology of the St. Joe quadrangle was mapped by McKnight (1935) as part of a larger area at 1:125,000 scale. The current map confirms many features of this previous study, but it also identifies new structures and uses a revised stratigraphy. Mapping for this study was conducted by field inspection of numerous sites and was compiled as a 1:24,000-scale geographic information system (GIS) database. Locations and elevations of sites were determined with the aid of a global positioning satellite receiver and a hand-held barometric altimeter that was frequently recalibrated at points of known elevation. Hill-shade-relief and slope maps derived from a U.S. Geological Survey 10-m digital elevation model as well as U.S. Geological Survey orthophotographs from 2000 were used to help trace ledge-forming units between field traverses within the Upper Mississippian and Pennsylvanian part of the stratigraphic sequence. Strikes and dips of beds were typically measured along stream drainages or at well-exposed ledges. Beds dipping less than 2 degrees are shown as horizontal. Structure contours constructed on the base of the Boone Formation were hand drawn based on elevations of control points on both lower and upper contacts of the Boone Formation as well as other limiting information on their maximum or minimum elevations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3074","usgsCitation":"Hudson, M., and Turner, K.J., 2009, Geologic map of the St. Joe quadrangle, Searcy and Marion Counties, Arkansas (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3074, Map: 47 x 34.5 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3074.","productDescription":"Map: 47 x 34.5 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":229,"text":"Earth Surface Processes Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110818,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86691.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"86691"},{"id":195147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12705,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3074/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.86749999999999,36 ], [ -92.86749999999999,36.1175 ], [ -92.75,36.1175 ], [ -92.75,36 ], [ -92.86749999999999,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a364","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, Mark R. 0000-0003-0338-6079 mhudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-6079","contributorId":1236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Mark R.","email":"mhudson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Kenzie J. 0000-0002-4940-3981 kturner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4940-3981","contributorId":496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Kenzie","email":"kturner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97514,"text":"ds428 - 2009 - Archive of digitized analog boomer and minisparker seismic reflection data collected from the Alabama-Mississippi-Louisiana Shelf during cruises onboard the R/V Carancahua and R/V Gyre, April and July, 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-07T16:58:44.297794","indexId":"ds428","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"428","title":"Archive of digitized analog boomer and minisparker seismic reflection data collected from the Alabama-Mississippi-Louisiana Shelf during cruises onboard the R/V Carancahua and R/V Gyre, April and July, 1981","docAbstract":"In April and July of 1981, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted geophysical surveys to investigate the shallow geologic framework of the Alabama-Mississippi-Louisiana Shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Work was conducted onboard the Texas A&M University R/V Carancahua and the R/V Gyre to develop a geologic understanding of the study area and to locate potential hazards related to offshore oil and gas production. While the R/V Carancahua only collected boomer data, the R/V Gyre used a 400-Joule minisparker, 3.5-kilohertz (kHz) subbottom profiler, 12-kHz precision depth recorder, and two air guns. The authors selected the minisparker data set because, unlike with the boomer data, it provided the most complete record. This report is part of a series to digitally archive the legacy analog data collected from the Mississippi-Alabama SHelf (MASH). The MASH data rescue project is a cooperative effort by the USGS and the Minerals Management Service (MMS). This report serves as an archive of high-resolution scanned Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) and Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) images of the original boomer and minisparker paper records, navigation files, trackline maps, Geographic Information System (GIS) files, cruise logs, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds428","usgsCitation":"Sanford, J.M., Harrison, A.S., Wiese, D.S., and Flocks, J.G., 2009, Archive of digitized analog boomer and minisparker seismic reflection data collected from the Alabama-Mississippi-Louisiana Shelf during cruises onboard the R/V Carancahua and R/V Gyre, April and July, 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 428, HTML Document; DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds428.","productDescription":"HTML Document; DVD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1981-04-09","temporalEnd":"1981-07-15","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423304,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_97318.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12658,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/428/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196368,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.2039,\n 30.3333\n ],\n [\n -89.2039,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -88.5767,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -88.5767,\n 30.3333\n ],\n [\n -89.2039,\n 30.3333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679d55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Jordan M.","contributorId":17197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Arnell S. 0000-0002-5581-2255","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-2255","contributorId":35021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Arnell","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97519,"text":"sir20095095 - 2009 - Estimated Loads of Suspended Sediment and Selected Trace Elements Transported through the Milltown Reservoir Project Area Before and After the Breaching of Milltown Dam in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana, Water Year 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:25","indexId":"sir20095095","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5095","title":"Estimated Loads of Suspended Sediment and Selected Trace Elements Transported through the Milltown Reservoir Project Area Before and After the Breaching of Milltown Dam in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana, Water Year 2008","docAbstract":"This report presents estimated daily and cumulative loads of suspended sediment and selected trace elements transported during water year 2008 at three streamflow-gaging stations that bracket the Milltown Reservoir project area in the upper Clark Fork basin of western Montana. Milltown Reservoir is a National Priorities List Superfund site where sediments enriched in trace elements from historical mining and ore processing have been deposited since the construction of Milltown Dam in 1907. Milltown Dam was breached on March 28, 2008, as part of Superfund remedial activities to remove the dam and contaminated sediment that had accumulated in Milltown Reservoir. The estimated loads transported through the project area during the periods before and after the breaching of Milltown Dam, and for the entire water year 2008, were used to quantify the net gain or loss (mass balance) of suspended sediment and trace elements within the project area during the transition from a reservoir environment to a free-flowing river. This study was done in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.\r\n\r\nStreamflow during water year 2008 compared to long-term streamflow, as represented by the record for Clark Fork above Missoula (water years 1930-2008), generally was below normal (long-term median) from about October 2007 through April 2008. Sustained runoff started in mid-April, which increased flows to near normal by mid-May. After mid-May, flows sharply increased to above normal, reaching a maximum daily mean streamflow of 16,800 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) on May 21, which essentially equaled the long-term 10th-exceedance percentile for that date. Flows substantially above normal were sustained through June, then decreased through the summer and reached near-normal by August. Annual mean streamflow during water year 2008 (3,040 ft3/s) was 105 percent of the long-term mean annual streamflow (2,900 ft3/s). The annual peak flow (17,500 ft3/s) occurred on May 21 and was 112 percent of the long-term mean annual peak flow (15,600 ft3/s). About 81 percent of the annual flow volume was discharged during the post-breach period.\r\n\r\nDaily loads of suspended sediment were estimated directly by using high-frequency sampling of the daily sediment monitoring. Daily loads of unfiltered-recoverable arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc were estimated by using regression equations relating trace-element discharge to either streamflow or suspended-sediment discharge. Regression equations for estimating trace-element discharge in water year 2008 were developed from instantaneous streamflow and concentration data for periodic water-quality samples collected during all or part of water years 2004-08. The equations were applied to records of daily mean streamflow or daily suspended-sediment loads to produce estimated daily trace-element loads.\r\n\r\nVariations in daily suspended-sediment and trace-element loads generally coincided with variations in streamflow. Relatively small to moderately large daily net losses from the project area were common during the pre-breach period when low-flow conditions were prevalent. Outflow loads from the project area sharply increased immediately after the breaching of Milltown Dam and during the rising limb and peak flow of the annual hydrograph. Net losses of suspended sediment and trace elements from the project area decreased as streamflow decreased during the summer, eventually becoming small or reaching an approximate net balance between inflow and outflow.\r\n\r\nEstimated daily loads of suspended sediment and trace elements for all three stations were summed to determine cumulative inflow and outflow loads for the pre-breach and post-breach periods, as well as for the entire water year 2008. Overall, the mass balance between the combined inflow loads from two upstream source areas (upper Clark Fork and Blackfoot River basins) and the outflow loads at Clark Fork above Missoula indicates net losses ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095095","isbn":"9781411324251","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lambing, J.H., and Sando, S.K., 2009, Estimated Loads of Suspended Sediment and Selected Trace Elements Transported through the Milltown Reservoir Project Area Before and After the Breaching of Milltown Dam in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana, Water Year 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5095, vi, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095095.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","temporalStart":"2007-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12663,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5095/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,46.5 ], [ -114.5,47 ], [ -112,47 ], [ -112,46.5 ], [ -114.5,46.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdc90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambing, John H.","contributorId":64272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambing","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sando, Steven K. 0000-0003-1206-1030 sksando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1206-1030","contributorId":1016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Steven","email":"sksando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97518,"text":"sir20095070 - 2009 - Ground-Water Conditions and Studies in Georgia, 2006-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T10:16:11","indexId":"sir20095070","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5070","title":"Ground-Water Conditions and Studies in Georgia, 2006-2007","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey collects ground-water data and conducts studies to monitor hydrologic conditions, better define ground-water resources, and address problems related to water supply, water use, and water quality. Water levels were monitored continuously, in Georgia, in a network of 184 wells during 2006 and 182 wells during 2007. Because of missing data or the short period of record (less than 3 years) for several of these wells, a total of 166 wells from the network are discussed in this report. These wells include 18 in the surficial aquifer system, 21 in the Brunswick aquifer system and equivalent sediments, 67 in the Upper Floridan aquifer, 15 in the Lower Floridan aquifer and underlying units, 10 in the Claiborne aquifer, 1 in the Gordon aquifer, 11 in the Clayton aquifer, 12 in the Cretaceous aquifer system, 2 in Paleozoic-rock aquifers, and 9 in crystalline-rock aquifers. Data from the network indicate that water levels generally declined from 2005 levels, with water levels in 99 wells below normal, 52 wells in the normal range, 12 wells above normal, and 3 wells with insufficient data for comparison of 5-year trends and period of record statistics.\r\n\r\nIn addition to continuous water-level data, periodic synoptic water-level measurements were collected and used to construct potentiometric-surface maps for the Upper Floridan aquifer in Camden, Charlton, and Ware Counties, Georgia, and adjacent counties in Florida during September 2006 and 2007, in the Brunswick area during July 2006 and August 2007, and in the City of Albany-Dougherty County area during October 2006 and October 2007. In general, the configuration of the potentiometric surfaces showed little change during 2006-2007 in each of the areas.\r\n\r\nGround-water quality in the Upper Floridan aquifer is monitored in the Albany, Savannah, and Brunswick areas and in Camden County; and water quality in the Lower Floridan aquifer is monitored in the Savannah and Brunswick areas and in Camden County. In the Albany area, nitrate concentrations generally have increased since the end of the drought during 2002. During 2006, water from two wells had nitrate as N concentrations above the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) 10-milligram-per-liter (mg/L) drinking-water standard. During 2007, only one well had concentrations above the drinking-water standard.\r\n\r\nIn the Savannah area, measurement of fluid conductivity and chloride concentration in water samples from discrete depths in three wells completed in the Upper Floridan aquifer and one well in the Lower Floridan aquifer were used to assess changes in water quality in the Savannah area. At Tybee Island, chloride concentrations in samples from the Lower Floridan aquifer decreased during 2006-2007 but were still above the 250-mg/L USEPA drinking-water standard. At Skidaway Island, water in the Upper Floridan aquifer is fresh, and chloride concentrations did not appreciably change during 2006-2007. However, chloride concentrations in samples collected from the Lower Floridan aquifer during 2006-2007 showed disparate changes; whereby, chloride concentration increased in the shallowest sampled interval (900 feet) and decreased slightly in a deeper sampled interval (1,070 feet). At Fort Pulaski, water samples collected from the Upper Floridan aquifer were fresh and did not appreciably changeduring 2006-2007.\r\n\r\nIn the Brunswick area, maps showing the chloride concentration of water in the Upper Floridan aquifer were constructed by using data collected from 29 wells during July 2006 and from 26 wells during August 2007. Analyses indicate that concentrations remained above the USEPA drinking-water standard in an approximate 2-square-mile area. During 2006-2007, chloride concentrations increased in only three of the wells sampled and ranged from 4.0 to 20 mg/L chloride.\r\n\r\nIn the Camden County area, chloride concentration during 2006-2007 was analyzed in water samples collected from eight wells, six completed i","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095070","usgsCitation":"Peck, M., Painter, J.A., and Leeth, D.C., 2009, Ground-Water Conditions and Studies in Georgia, 2006-2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5070, vi, 86 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095070.","productDescription":"vi, 86 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12662,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5070/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86,30 ], [ -86,35.5 ], [ -81.5,35.5 ], [ -81.5,30 ], [ -86,30 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2ef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, Michael F. mfpeck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Michael F.","email":"mfpeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Painter, Jaime A. 0000-0001-8883-9158 jpainter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8883-9158","contributorId":1466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Jaime","email":"jpainter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leeth, David C. cleeth@usgs.gov","contributorId":1403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leeth","given":"David","email":"cleeth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97526,"text":"fs20093039 - 2009 - Geographic information systems, remote sensing, and spatial analysis activities in Texas, 2008-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T13:08:06","indexId":"fs20093039","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3039","title":"Geographic information systems, remote sensing, and spatial analysis activities in Texas, 2008-09","docAbstract":"Geographic information system (GIS) technology has become an important tool for scientific investigation, resource management, and environmental planning. A GIS is a computer-aided system capable of collecting, storing, analyzing, and displaying spatially referenced digital data. GIS technology is useful for analyzing a wide variety of spatial data. Remote sensing involves collecting remotely sensed data, such as satellite imagery, aerial photography, or radar images, and analyzing the data to gather information or investigate trends about the environment or the Earth's surface. Spatial analysis combines remotely sensed, thematic, statistical, quantitative, and geographical data through overlay, modeling, and other analytical techniques to investigate specific research questions. It is the combination of data formats and analysis techniques that has made GIS an essential tool in scientific investigations. This fact sheet presents information about the technical capabilities and project activities of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Texas Water Science Center (TWSC) GIS Workgroup during 2008 and 2009. After a summary of GIS Workgroup capabilities, brief descriptions of activities by project at the local and national levels are presented. Projects are grouped by the fiscal year (October-September 2008 or 2009) the project ends and include overviews, project images, and Internet links to additional project information and related publications or articles.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20093039","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2009, Geographic information systems, remote sensing, and spatial analysis activities in Texas, 2008-09: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3039, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093039.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327270,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3039/pdf/fs2009-3039.pdf"},{"id":124863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3039.jpg"},{"id":12669,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3039/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a964c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97523,"text":"ofr20091099 - 2009 - A Chronosequence Feasibility Assessment of Emergency Fire Rehabilitation Records within the Intermountain Western United States - Final Report to the Joint Fire Science Program - Project 08-S-08","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:25","indexId":"ofr20091099","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1099","title":"A Chronosequence Feasibility Assessment of Emergency Fire Rehabilitation Records within the Intermountain Western United States - Final Report to the Joint Fire Science Program - Project 08-S-08","docAbstract":"Department of the Interior (DOI) bureaus have invested heavily (for example, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) spent more than $60 million in fiscal year 2007) in seeding vegetation for emergency stabilization and burned area rehabilitation of non-forested arid lands over the past 10 years. The primary objectives of these seedings commonly are to (1) reduce the post-fire dominance of non-native annual grasses, such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and red brome (Bromus rubens); (2) minimize the probability of recurrent fire; and (3) ultimately produce desirable vegetation characteristics (for example, ability to recover following disturbance [resilience], resistance to invasive species, and a capacity to support a diverse flora and fauna). Although these projects historically have been monitored to varying extents, land managers currently lack scientific evidence to verify whether seeding arid and semiarid lands achieves desired objectives. Given the amount of resources dedicated to post-fire seeding projects, a synthesis of information determining the factors that result in successful treatments is critically needed. \r\n\r\nAlthough results of recently established experiments and monitoring projects eventually will provide useful insights for the future direction of emergency stabilization and burned area rehabilitation programs, a chronosequence approach evaluating emergency stabilization and burned area rehabilitation treatments (both referenced hereafter as ESR treatments) over the past 30 years could provide a comprehensive assessment of treatment success across a range of regional environmental gradients. By randomly selecting a statistically robust sample from the population of historic ESR treatments in the Intermountain West, this chronosequence approach would have inference for most ecological sites in this region.\r\n\r\nThe goal of this feasibility study was to compile and examine historic ESR records from BLM field offices across the Intermountain West to determine whether sufficient documentation existed for a future field-based chronosequence project. We collected ESR records and data at nine BLM field offices in four States (Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah) and examined the utility of these data for the development of a chronosequence study of post-fire seeding treatments from multiple sites and different ages (since seeding) throughout the Intermountain West. We collected records from 730 post-fire seeding projects with 1,238 individual seeding treatments. Records from each project ranged from minimal reporting of the project's occurrence to detailed documentation of planning, implementation, and monitoring. Of these 1,238 projects, we identified 468 (38 percent) that could potentially be used to implement a field-based chronosequence study. There were 206 ground-seeding treatments and 262 aerial-seeding treatments within this initial population, not including hand plantings. We also located a considerable number of additional records from other potential field offices that would be available for the chronosequence study but have yet to be compiled for this feasibility report. \r\n\r\nThere are a number of potential challenges involved in going forward with a field-based chronosequence study derived from data collected at these nine BLM offices. One challenge is that not all seed mixtures in ESR project files have on-the-ground confirmation about what was sown or rates of application. Most projects, particularly records before 2000, just list the planned or purchased seed mixtures. Although this could potentially bias assessments of factors influencing establishment rates of individual species for treatments conducted before 2000, a chronosequence study would not be intended to assess success solely at the species-level. Treatment success would be evaluated based on the establishment of healthy vegetation communities, such as the abundance and density of perennial species, regardless of their lifeforms (grasses, fo","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091099","usgsCitation":"Knutson, K., Pyke, D.A., Wirth, T., Pilliod, D., Brooks, M.L., and Chambers, J., 2009, A Chronosequence Feasibility Assessment of Emergency Fire Rehabilitation Records within the Intermountain Western United States - Final Report to the Joint Fire Science Program - Project 08-S-08: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1099, iv, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091099.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p.","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12666,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1099/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd494de4b0b290850ef099","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knutson, Kevin C. kevin_knutson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutson","given":"Kevin C.","email":"kevin_knutson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wirth, Troy A.","contributorId":27837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Troy A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pilliod, David S.","contributorId":101760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":75889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":97508,"text":"ds407 - 2009 - Water-quality, stream-habitat, and biological data for West Fork Double Bayou, Cotton Bayou, and Hackberry Gully, Chambers County, Texas, 2006-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-28T23:24:16.401264","indexId":"ds407","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"407","title":"Water-quality, stream-habitat, and biological data for West Fork Double Bayou, Cotton Bayou, and Hackberry Gully, Chambers County, Texas, 2006-07","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Houston-Galveston Area Council and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, collected water-quality, stream-habitat, and biological data from two sites at West Fork Double Bayou, two sites at Cotton Bayou, and one site at Hackberry Gully in Chambers County, Texas, during July 2006-August 2007. Water-quality data-collection surveys consisted of synoptic 24-hour continuous measurements of water temperature, pH, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen at the five sites and periodically collected samples at four sites analyzed for several properties and constituents of interest. Stream-habitat data were collected at each of four sites three times during the study. At each site, a representative stream reach was selected and within this reach, five evenly spaced stream transects were determined. At each transect, stream attributes (wetted channel width, water depth, bottom material, instream cover) and riparian attributes (bank slope and erosion potential, width of natural vegetation, type of vegetation, percentage tree canopy) were measured. Benthic macroinvertebrate and fish data were collected from the same reaches identified for habitat evaluation. A total of 2,572 macroinvertebrate individuals were identified from the four reaches; insect taxa were more abundant than non-insect taxa at all reaches. A total of 1,082 fish, representing 30 species and 13 families, were collected across all reaches. Stream-habitat and aquatic biota (benthic macroinvertebrates and fish) were assessed at the four sites to evaluate aquatic life use. Habitat quality index scores generally indicated 'intermediate' aquatic life use at most reaches. Benthic macroinvertebrate metrics scores indicated generally 'intermediate' aquatic life use for the West Fork Double Bayou reaches and generally 'high' aquatic life use for the Cotton Bayou and Hackberry Gully reaches. Index of biotic integrity scores for fish indicated generally 'high' aquatic life use at one West Fork Double Bayou reach; 'intermediate' aquatic life use at the other West Fork Double Bayou reach; and generally 'intermediate' aquatic life use at the Cotton Bayou and Hackberry Gully reaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds407","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Houston-Galveston Area Council and Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Brown, D.W., and Turco, M.J., 2009, Water-quality, stream-habitat, and biological data for West Fork Double Bayou, Cotton Bayou, and Hackberry Gully, Chambers County, Texas, 2006-07: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 407, iv, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds407.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-07-01","temporalEnd":"2007-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":426096,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/407/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":426095,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_87593.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":327271,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/407/pdf/ds407.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":195169,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds407.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Chambers County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.8853,\n 29.7072\n ],\n [\n -94.8853,\n 29.8622\n ],\n [\n -94.5833,\n 29.8622\n ],\n [\n -94.5833,\n 29.7072\n ],\n [\n -94.8853,\n 29.7072\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f0e4b07f02db5ee005","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Dexter W. dwbrown@usgs.gov","contributorId":3062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Dexter","email":"dwbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turco, Michael J. mjturco@usgs.gov","contributorId":1011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turco","given":"Michael","email":"mjturco@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97506,"text":"ofr20091092 - 2009 - Summary of Migration and Survival Data from Radio-Tagged Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Trinity River, Northern California, 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"ofr20091092","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1092","title":"Summary of Migration and Survival Data from Radio-Tagged Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Trinity River, Northern California, 2008","docAbstract":"The survival of hatchery-origin juvenile coho salmon from the Trinity River Hatchery was estimated as they migrated seaward through the Trinity and Klamath Rivers. The purpose of the study was to collect data for comparison to a similar study in the Klamath River and provide data to the Trinity River Restoration Program. A total of 200 fish fitted with radio transmitters were released into the Trinity River near the hatchery (river kilometer 252 from the mouth of the Klamath River) biweekly from March 19 to May 28, 2008. Fish from the earliest release groups took longer to pass the first detection site 10 kilometers downstream of the hatchery than fish from the later release groups, but travel times between subsequent sites were often similar among the release groups. The travel times of individuals through the 239 kilometer study area ranged from 15.5 to 84.6 days with a median of 43.3 days. The data and models did not support differences in survival among release groups, but did support differences among river reaches. The probability of survival in the first 53 kilometers was lower than in the reaches farther downstream, which is similar to trends in juvenile coho salmon in the Klamath River. The lowest estimated survival in this study was in the first 10 kilometers from release in the Trinity River (0.676 SE 0.036) and the highest estimated survival was in the final 20 kilometer reach in the Klamath River (0.987 SE 0.013). Estimated survivals of radio-tagged juvenile coho salmon from release to Klamath River kilometer 33 were 0.639 per 100 kilometers for Trinity River fish and 0.721 per 100 kilometers for Klamath River fish.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091092","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hansel, H., Juhnke, S., and Stutzer, G., 2009, Summary of Migration and Survival Data from Radio-Tagged Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Trinity River, Northern California, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1092, iv, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091092.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p.","temporalStart":"2008-03-19","temporalEnd":"2008-05-28","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12652,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1092/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8066","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansel, Hal","contributorId":65947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"Hal","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Juhnke, Steve","contributorId":67614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juhnke","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stutzer, Greg","contributorId":64753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stutzer","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13396,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Arcata FWO, Arcata, CA 95521","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":302341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97505,"text":"sir20095060 - 2009 - Hydrogeologic Framework of Bedrock Units and Initial Salinity Distribution for a Simulation of Groundwater Flow for the Lake Michigan Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:49","indexId":"sir20095060","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5060","title":"Hydrogeologic Framework of Bedrock Units and Initial Salinity Distribution for a Simulation of Groundwater Flow for the Lake Michigan Basin","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is assessing groundwater availability in the Lake Michigan Basin. As part of the assessment, a variable-density groundwater-flow model is being developed to simulate the effects of groundwater use on water availability throughout the basin. The hydrogeologic framework for the Lake Michigan Basin model was developed by grouping the bedrock geology of the study area into hydrogeologic units on the basis of the functioning of each unit as an aquifer or confining layer within the basin. Available data were evaluated based on the areal extent of coverage within the study area, and procedures were established to characterize areas with sparse data coverage. Top and bottom altitudes for each hydrogeologic unit were interpolated in a geographic information system for input to the model and compared with existing maps of subsurface formations. Fourteen bedrock hydrogeologic units, making up 17 bedrock model layers, were defined, and they range in age from the Jurassic Period red beds of central Michigan to the Cambrian Period Mount Simon Sandstone.\r\n\r\n\r\nInformation on groundwater salinity in the Lake Michigan Basin was compiled to create an input dataset for the variable-density groundwater-flow simulation. Data presented in this report are referred to as 'salinity data' and are reported in terms of total dissolved solids. Salinity data were not available for each hydrogeologic unit. Available datasets were assigned to a hydrogeologic unit, entered into a spatial database, and data quality was visually evaluated. A geographic information system was used to interpolate salinity distributions for each hydrogeologic unit with available data. Hydrogeologic units with no available data either were set equal to neighboring units or were vertically interpolated by use of values from units above and below.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095060","isbn":"9781411324060","collaboration":"National Water Availability and Use Pilot Program","usgsCitation":"Lampe, D.C., 2009, Hydrogeologic Framework of Bedrock Units and Initial Salinity Distribution for a Simulation of Groundwater Flow for the Lake Michigan Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5060, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095060.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12651,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5060/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92,40 ], [ -92,47 ], [ -81,47 ], [ -81,40 ], [ -92,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697c0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lampe, David C. 0000-0002-8904-0337 dclampe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-0337","contributorId":2441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lampe","given":"David","email":"dclampe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97501,"text":"ds423 - 2009 - Selected Physical, Chemical, and Biological Data Used to Study Urbanizing Streams in Nine Metropolitan Areas of the United States, 1999-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T16:32:29","indexId":"ds423","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"423","title":"Selected Physical, Chemical, and Biological Data Used to Study Urbanizing Streams in Nine Metropolitan Areas of the United States, 1999-2004","docAbstract":"This report documents and summarizes physical, chemical, and biological data collected during 1999-2004 in a study titled Effects of Urbanization on Stream Ecosystems, undertaken as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Data-collection methods and data processing are described in this report for streamflow; stream temperature; instream chemistry; instream aquatic habitat; and algal, macroinvertebrate, and fish communities. Data summaries prepared for analytical use are presented in downloadable data tables.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds423","usgsCitation":"Giddings, E.M., Bell, A.H., Beaulieu, K., Cuffney, T.F., Coles, J.F., Brown, L.R., Fitzpatrick, F.A., Falcone, J.A., Sprague, L.A., Bryant, W., Peppler, M.C., Stephens, C., and McMahon, G., 2009, Selected Physical, Chemical, and Biological Data Used to Study Urbanizing Streams in Nine Metropolitan Areas of the United States, 1999-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 423, Report: xii, 11 p.; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds423.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 11 p.; Data Files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1999-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12647,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/423/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125,25 ], [ -125,50 ], [ -60,50 ], [ -60,25 ], [ -125,25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa7cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giddings, Elise M. P.","contributorId":55819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giddings","given":"Elise","email":"","middleInitial":"M. 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Jr. wbbryant@usgs.gov","contributorId":1777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryant","given":"Wade L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"wbbryant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Peppler, Marie C. 0000-0002-1120-9673 mpeppler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1120-9673","contributorId":825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peppler","given":"Marie","email":"mpeppler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Stephens, Cory cory@usgs.gov","contributorId":1798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"Cory","email":"cory@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":97502,"text":"sir20095022 - 2009 - The Effects of Urbanization and Other Environmental Gradients on Algal Assemblages in Nine Metropolitan Areas across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"sir20095022","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5022","title":"The Effects of Urbanization and Other Environmental Gradients on Algal Assemblages in Nine Metropolitan Areas across the United States","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted studies from 2000 to 2004 to determine the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems in nine major metropolitan study areas across the United States. Biological, chemical, and physical components of streams were assessed at 28 to 30 sites in each study area. Benthic algae were sampled to compare the degree to which algal assemblages correlated to urbanization, as characterized by an urban intensity index (UII), relative to other environmental gradients that function at either the watershed or reach scales. Ordination site scores were derived from principal components analyses of the environmental data to define environmental gradients at two spatial scales: (1) watershed-scale gradients that summarized (a) landscape modifications and (b) socioeconomic factors, and (2) reach-scale gradients that characterized (a) physical habitat and (b) water chemistry. Algal response was initially quantified by site scores derived from nonmetric multi-dimensional scaling ordinations of the algal assemblage data. The site scores were then correlated with a set of algal metrics of structure and function to help select specific indicators that would best represent changes in the algal assemblages and would infer ecological condition. The selected metrics were correlated to the UII and other environmental gradients. The results indicated that diatom-taxa in the assemblages were distinctly different across the nine study areas, likely due to physiographic differences across the country, but nevertheless, some algal metrics were applicable to all areas. Overall, the study results indicated that although the UII represented various landscape changes associated with urbanization across the country, the algal response was more strongly related to more specific factors generally associated with water quality measured within the stream reach.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095022","usgsCitation":"Coles, J.F., Bell, A.H., Scudder, B.C., and Carpenter, K., 2009, The Effects of Urbanization and Other Environmental Gradients on Algal Assemblages in Nine Metropolitan Areas across the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5022, vi, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095022.","productDescription":"vi, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5022.jpg"},{"id":12648,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5022/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125,25 ], [ -125,50 ], [ -60,50 ], [ -60,25 ], [ -125,25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67cb41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coles, James F. 0000-0002-1953-012X jcoles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-012X","contributorId":2239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"James","email":"jcoles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bell, Amanda H. 0000-0002-7199-2145 ahbell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-2145","contributorId":1752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Amanda","email":"ahbell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scudder, Barbara C.","contributorId":100319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scudder","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carpenter, Kurt D. kdcar@usgs.gov","contributorId":1372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"Kurt D.","email":"kdcar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97504,"text":"ds437 - 2009 - Oil and gas development in southwestern Wyoming— Energy data and services for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-25T20:09:58.329934","indexId":"ds437","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"437","title":"Oil and gas development in southwestern Wyoming— Energy data and services for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI)","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to explore current oil and gas energy development in the area encompassing the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative. The Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative is a long-term science-based effort to ensure southwestern Wyoming's wildlife and habitat remain viable in areas facing development pressure. Wyoming encompasses some of the highest quality wildlife habitats in the Intermountain West. At the same time, this region is an important source of natural gas. Using Geographic Information System technology, energy data pertinent to the conservation decision-making process have been assembled to show historical oil and gas exploration and production in southwestern Wyoming. In addition to historical data, estimates of undiscovered oil and gas are included from the 2002 U.S. Geological Survey National Assessment of Oil and Gas in the Southwestern Wyoming Province. This report is meant to facilitate the integration of existing data with new knowledge and technologies to analyze energy resources development and to assist in habitat conservation planning. The well and assessment data can be accessed and shared among many different clients including, but not limited to, an online web-service for scientists and resource managers engaged in the Initiative.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds437","usgsCitation":"Biewick, L., 2009, Oil and gas development in southwestern Wyoming— Energy data and services for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 437, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds437.","productDescription":"51 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388506,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_87589.htm"},{"id":12650,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/437/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.9619140625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -107.05078125,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -107.05078125,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -110.9619140625,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -110.9619140625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4822e4b07f02db4e1919","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biewick, Laura","contributorId":83148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biewick","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97487,"text":"fs20093035 - 2009 - Status and trends of the Grand Canyon population of Humpback Chub","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-20T09:54:18","indexId":"fs20093035","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3035","displayTitle":"Status and Trends of the Grand Canyon Population of Humpback Chub","title":"Status and trends of the Grand Canyon population of Humpback Chub","docAbstract":"The Colorado River Basin supports one of the most distinctive fish communities in North America, including the federally endangered humpback chub (Gila cypha). One of only six remaining populations of this fish is found in Grand Canyon, Arizona. U.S. Geological Survey scientists and their cooperators are responsible for monitoring the Grand Canyon population. Analysis of recently collected data indicates that the number of Grand Canyon adult humpback chub - fish 4 years old and older and capable of reproduction - increased approximately 50 percent between 2001 and 2008. When possible model error is considered, the estimated number of adult chub in the Grand Canyon population is between 6,000 and 10,000. The most likely number is estimated at 7,650 individuals.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20093035","collaboration":"The science provider to the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program","usgsCitation":"Andersen, M.E., 2009, Status and trends of the Grand Canyon population of Humpback Chub (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3035, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093035.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3035.jpg"},{"id":12634,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3035/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":367578,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3035/fs2009-3035.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,35 ], [ -114.5,37.5 ], [ -110.5,37.5 ], [ -110.5,35 ], [ -114.5,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e1196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andersen, Matthew E. 0000-0003-4115-5028 mandersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-5028","contributorId":3190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Matthew","email":"mandersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97491,"text":"fs20093033 - 2009 - Status and Trends of Resources Below Glen Canyon Dam Update - 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"fs20093033","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3033","title":"Status and Trends of Resources Below Glen Canyon Dam Update - 2009","docAbstract":"The protection of resources found in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area and Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, emerged as a significant public concern in the decades following the completion of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963. The dam, which lies about 15 miles upstream from the park, altered the Colorado River's flow, temperature, and sediment-carrying capacity, resulting over time in beach erosion, expansion of nonnative species, and losses of native fish. During the 1990s, in response to public concern, Congress and the Department of the Interior embarked on an ongoing effort to reduce and address the effects of dam operations on downstream resources. \r\n\r\nIn 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey produced a comprehensive report entitled 'The State of the Colorado River Ecosystem in Grand Canyon', which documented the condition and trends of resources downstream of Glen Canyon Dam from 1991 to 2004. This fact sheet updates the 2005 report to extend its findings to include data published through April 2009 for key resources.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093033","collaboration":"The science provider to the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program","usgsCitation":"Hamill, J.F., 2009, Status and Trends of Resources Below Glen Canyon Dam Update - 2009 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3033, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093033.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3033.jpg"},{"id":12638,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3033/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,35 ], [ -114.5,38 ], [ -110.5,38 ], [ -110.5,35 ], [ -114.5,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dce4b07f02db5e125a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamill, John F.","contributorId":43061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamill","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97499,"text":"ds406 - 2009 - EAARL Coastal Topography - St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands 2003: First Surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-21T11:16:38.466747","indexId":"ds406","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"406","title":"EAARL Coastal Topography - St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands 2003: First Surface","docAbstract":"These remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements of Lidar-derived first surface (FS) topography were produced as a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Florida Integrated Science Center (FISC), St. Petersburg, FL; the National Park Service (NPS), South Florida-Caribbean Network, Miami, FL; and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Wallops Flight Facility, VA.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds406","usgsCitation":"Nayegandhi, A., Brock, J., Wright, C.W., Patterson, M., Yates, X., and Bonisteel, J.M., 2009, EAARL Coastal Topography - St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands 2003: First Surface: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 406, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds406.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197915,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115725,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/406/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Virgin Islands, St. John","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -64.81132644173451,\n 18.380026056899197\n ],\n [\n -64.81132644173451,\n 18.284904703191145\n ],\n [\n -64.6534658802415,\n 18.284904703191145\n ],\n [\n -64.6534658802415,\n 18.380026056899197\n ],\n [\n -64.81132644173451,\n 18.380026056899197\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a59e4b07f02db62fdfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nayegandhi, Amar","contributorId":37292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nayegandhi","given":"Amar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brock, John 0000-0002-5289-9332 jbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-9332","contributorId":2261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"John","email":"jbrock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, C. Wayne wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":57422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patterson, Matt","contributorId":93982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yates, Xan","contributorId":78291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Xan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bonisteel, Jamie M.","contributorId":12005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonisteel","given":"Jamie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":97488,"text":"ofr20091075 - 2009 - Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering Data From 1989-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:46","indexId":"ofr20091075","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1075","title":"Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering Data From 1989-2008","docAbstract":"Mark-recapture methods have been used for the past two decades to assess trends in adult abundance and recruitment of the Little Colorado River (LCR) population of humpback chub. These methods indicate that the adult population declined through the 1980s and early 1990s but has been increasing for the past decade. Recruitment appears also to have increased, particularly in the 2003-4 period. Considering a range of assumed natural mortality-rates and magnitude of ageing error, it is unlikely that there are currently less than 6,000 adults or more than 10,000 adults. Our best estimate of the current adult (age 4 years or more) population is approximately 7,650 fish. \r\n\r\nRecent humpback chub assessments using the Age-Structured Mark-Recapture model (ASMR) and reported in 2006 (Melis and others, 2006) and 2008 (Coggins, 2008a,b) have provided abundance and recruitment trend estimates that have changed progressively over time as more data are considered by the model. The general pattern of change implies a less severe decline in adult abundance during the late 1980s through early 1990s, with attendant changes in recruitment supporting this demographic pattern. We have been concerned that these changes are not indicative of the true population and may be associated with a 'retrospective' bias as additional data are included in the ASMR model. To investigate this possibility, we developed a realistic individual-based simulation model (IBM) to generate replicate artificial data sets with similar characteristics to the true humpback chub data. The artificial data have known abundance trends and we analyzed these data with ASMR. On the basis of these simulations, we believe that errors in assigning age (and therefore brood-year) to fish based on their length are likely to have caused the retrospective bias pattern seen in the assessments and to have caused both less severe trends in the adult abundance estimates and progressively more severe downward bias in estimates of adult mortality-rates. This 'smearing', or assignment of fish from a single brood-year into multiple incorrect brood-years, is a result of variation in growth rates. The IBM simulations indicate that as a result of this error source, the best estimates of abundance and recruitment for any calendar year are those obtained from data collected previous to and within a year or two after each calendar year.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091075","collaboration":"The science provider to the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program","usgsCitation":"Coggins, and Walters, C.J., 2009, Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering Data From 1989-2008 (Version 1.0 ): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1075, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091075.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1989-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12635,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1075/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.83333333333333,35 ], [ -114.83333333333333,37.833333333333336 ], [ -110.83333333333333,37.833333333333336 ], [ -110.83333333333333,35 ], [ -114.83333333333333,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a37de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coggins, Jr.","contributorId":54306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coggins","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walters, Carl J.","contributorId":25122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}