A revised chronological framework for the deglaciation of the Lake Michigan lobe of the south‐central Laurentide Ice Sheet is presented based on radiocarbon ages of plant macrofossils archived in the sediments of low‐relief ice‐walled lakes. We analyze the precision and accuracy of 15 AMS 14C ages of plant macrofossils obtained from a single ice‐walled lake deposit. The semi‐circular basin is about 0.72 km wide and formed of a 4‐ to 16‐m‐thick succession of loess and lacustrine sediment inset into till. The assayed material was leaves, buds and stems of Salix herbacea (snowbed willow). The pooled mean of three ages from the basal lag facies was 18 270 ± 50 14C a BP (21 810 cal. a BP), an age that approximates the switch from active ice to stagnating conditions. The pooled mean of four ages for the youngest fossil‐bearing horizon was 17 770 ± 40 14C a BP (21 180 cal. a BP). Material yielding the oldest and youngest ages may be obtained from sediment cores located at any place within the landform. Based on the estimated settling times of overlying barren, rhythmically bedded sand and silt, the lacustrine environment persisted for about 50 more years. At a 67% confidence level, the dated part of the ice‐walled lake succession persisted for between 210 and 860 cal. a (modal value: 610 cal. a). The deglacial age of five moraines or morainal complexes formed by the fluctuating margin of the Lake Michigan lobe have been assessed using this method. There is no overlap of time intervals documenting when ice‐walled lakes persisted on these landforms. The rapid readvances of the lobe during deglaciation after the last glacial maximum probably occurred at some point between the periods of ice‐walled lake sedimentation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jqs.1466","issn":"02678179","usgsCitation":"Curry, B., and Petras, J., 2011, Chronological framework for the deglaciation of the Lake Michigan lobe of the Laurentide ice sheet from ice-walled lake deposits: Journal of Quaternary Science, v. 26, no. 4, p. 402-410, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1466.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"402","endPage":"410","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.736328125,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -87.47314453125,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -87.47314453125,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -89.736328125,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -89.736328125,\n 40.51379915504413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5f3e4b0c8380cd4c4e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curry, B.","contributorId":89320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petras, J.","contributorId":8692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petras","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034707,"text":"70034707 - 2011 - Ages and sources of components of Zn-Pb, Cu, precious metal, and platinum group element deposits in the goodsprings district, Clark County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T16:01:33","indexId":"70034707","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ages and sources of components of Zn-Pb, Cu, precious metal, and platinum group element deposits in the goodsprings district, Clark County, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Goodsprings district, Clark County, Nevada, includes zinc-dominant carbonate replacement deposits of probable late Paleozoic age, and lead-dominant carbonate replacement deposits, copper ± precious metal-platinum group element (PGE) deposits, and gold ± silver deposits that are spatially associated with Late Triassic porphyritic intrusions. The district encompasses ~500 km2 although the distribution of all deposits has been laterally condensed by late Mesozoic crustal contraction. Zinc, Pb, and Cu production from about 90 deposits was ~160,000 metric tons (t) (Zn > Pb >> Cu), 2.1 million ounces (Moz) Ag, 0.09 Moz Au, and small amounts of PGEs—Co, V, Hg, Sb, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ir, and U—were also recovered.
Zinc-dominant carbonate replacement deposits (Zn > Pb; Ag ± Cu) resemble Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) Zn-Pb deposits in that they occur in karst and fault breccias in Mississippian limestone where the southern margin of the regional late Paleozoic foreland basin adjoins Proterozoic crystalline rocks of the craton. They consist of calcite, dolomite, sphalerite, and galena with variably positive S isotope compositions (δ34S values range from 2.5–13‰), and highly radiogenic Pb isotope compositions (206Pb/204Pb >19), typical of MVT deposits above crystalline Precambrian basement. These deposits may have formed when southward flow of saline fluids, derived from basinal and older sedimentary rocks, encountered thinner strata and pinch-outs against the craton, forcing fluid mixing and mineral precipitation in karst and fault breccias. Lead-dominant carbonate replacement deposits (Pb > Zn, Ag ± Cu ± Au) occur among other deposit types, often near porphyritic intrusions. They generally contain higher concentrations of precious metals than zinc-dominant deposits and relatively abundant iron oxides after pyrite. They share characteristics with copper ± precious metal-PGE and gold ± silver deposits including fine-grained quartz replacement of carbonate minerals in ore breccias and relatively low S and Pb isotope values (δ34S values vary from 0–~4‰; 206Pb/204Pb <18.5). Copper ± precious metal-PGE deposits (Cu, Co, Ag, Au, Pd, and Pt) consist of Cu carbonate minerals (after chalcocite and chalcopyrite) and fine-grained quartz that have replaced breccia clasts and margins of fissures in Paleozoic limestones and dolomites near porphyritic intrusions. Gold ± silver deposits occur along contacts and within small-volume stocks and dikes of feldspar porphyry, one textural variety of porphyritic intrusions. Lead isotope compositions of copper ± precious metal-PGE, gold ± silver, and lead-dominant carbonate replacement deposits are similar to those of Mojave crust plutons, indicating derivation of Pb from 1.7 Ga crystalline basement or from Late Proterozoic siliciclastic sedimentary rocks derived from 1.7 Ga crystalline basement.
Four texturally and modally distinctive porphyritic intrusions are exposed largely in the central part of the district: feldspar quartz porphyry, plagioclase quartz porphyry, feldspar biotite quartz porphyry, and feldspar porphyry. Intrusions consist of 64 to 70 percent SiO2 and variable K2O/Na2O (0.14–5.33) that reflect proportions of K-feldspar and albite phenocrysts and megacrysts as well as partial alteration to K-mica; quartz and biotite phenocrysts are present in several subtypes. Albite may have formed during emplacement of magma in brine-saturated basinal strata, whereas hydrothermal alteration of matrix, phenocrystic, and megacrystic feldspar and biotite to K-mica, pyrite, and other hydrothermal minerals occurred during and after intrusion emplacement. Small volumes of garnet-diopside-quartz and retrograde epidote-mica-amphibole skarn have replaced carbonate rocks adjacent to one intrusion subtype (feldspar-quartz porphyry), but alteration of carbonate rocks at intrusion contacts elsewhere is inconspicuous.
Uranium-lead ages of igneous zircons vary inconsistently from ~ 180 to 230 Ma and are too imprecise to distinguish age differences among intrusion subtypes; most ages are 210 to 225 Ma, yielding a mean of 217 ± 1 Ma. K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages of magmatic (plagioclase, biotite) and hydrothermal (K-mica) minerals span a similar range (183–227 Ma), demonstrating broadly contemporaneous intrusion emplacement and hydrothermal alteration but allowing for multiple Late Triassic magmatic-hydrothermal events. Imprecision and range of isotopic ages may have resulted from burial beneath Mesozoic and Tertiary strata and multiple intrusion of magmas, causing thermal disturbance to Ar systems and Pb loss from zircons in intrusions.
Separate late Paleozoic (zinc-dominant carbonate replacement deposits) and Late Triassic (all other deposits) mineralizing events are supported by form, distribution, and host rocks of metal deposits, by hydrothermal mineral assemblages, isotope compositions, metal abundances, and metal diversity, and by small intrusion volumes. These characteristics collectively distinguish the Goodsprings district from larger intrusion related carbonate replacement districts in the western United States. They can be used to evaluate proximity to unexposed porphyritic intrusions associated with PGE and gold ± silver mineralization.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.106.3.381","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Vikre, P., Browne, Q.J., Fleck, R.J., Hofstra, A.H., and Wooden, J.L., 2011, Ages and sources of components of Zn-Pb, Cu, precious metal, and platinum group element deposits in the goodsprings district, Clark County, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 106, no. 3, p. 381-412, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.106.3.381.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"381","endPage":"412","numberOfPages":"32","ipdsId":"IP-022141","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215839,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.106.3.381"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County","volume":"106","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e902e4b0c8380cd48032","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vikre, Peter G. pvikre@usgs.gov","contributorId":1800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vikre","given":"Peter G.","email":"pvikre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Browne, Quentin J.","contributorId":25381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browne","given":"Quentin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":193587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034726,"text":"70034726 - 2011 - Fundamental studies on kinetic isotope effect (KIE) of hydrogen isotope fractionation in natural gas systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T11:39:27.797137","indexId":"70034726","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fundamental studies on kinetic isotope effect (KIE) of hydrogen isotope fractionation in natural gas systems","docAbstract":"Based on quantum chemistry calculations for normal octane homolytic cracking, a kinetic hydrogen isotope fractionation model for methane, ethane, and propane formation is proposed. The activation energy differences between D-substitute and non-substituted methane, ethane, and propane are 318.6, 281.7, and 280.2 cal/mol, respectively. In order to determine the effect of the entropy contribution for hydrogen isotopic substitution, a transition state for ethane bond rupture was determined based on density function theory (DFT) calculations. The kinetic isotope effect (KIE) associated with bond rupture in D and H substituted ethane results in a frequency factor ratio of 1.07. Based on the proposed mathematical model of hydrogen isotope fractionation, one can potentially quantify natural gas thermal maturity from measured hydrogen isotope values. Calculated gas maturity values determined by the proposed mathematical model using δD values in ethane from several basins in the world are in close agreement with similar predictions based on the δ13C composition of ethane. However, gas maturity values calculated from field data of methane and propane using both hydrogen and carbon kinetic isotopic models do not agree as closely. It is possible that δD values in methane may be affected by microbial mixing and that propane values might be more susceptible to hydrogen exchange with water or to analytical errors. Although the model used in this study is quite preliminary, the results demonstrate that kinetic isotope fractionation effects in hydrogen may be useful in quantitative models of natural gas generation, and that δD values in ethane might be more suitable for modeling than comparable values in methane and propane.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2011.02.016","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Ni, Y., Ma, Q., Ellis, G., Dai, J., Katz, B., Zhang, S., and Tang, Y., 2011, Fundamental studies on kinetic isotope effect (KIE) of hydrogen isotope fractionation in natural gas systems: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 75, no. 10, p. 2696-2707, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.02.016.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2696","endPage":"2707","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1419e4b0c8380cd548e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ni, Y.","contributorId":49204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ni","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ma, Q.","contributorId":78450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, G.S. 0000-0003-4519-3320","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":91064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"G.S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dai, J.","contributorId":21781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dai","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Katz, Brian","contributorId":33484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhang, S.","contributorId":51064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tang, Y.","contributorId":104199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034727,"text":"70034727 - 2011 - Pressure-gradient-driven nearshore circulation on a beach influenced by a large inlet-tidal shoal system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-04T12:30:40","indexId":"70034727","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pressure-gradient-driven nearshore circulation on a beach influenced by a large inlet-tidal shoal system","docAbstract":"The nearshore circulation induced by a focused pattern of surface gravity waves is studied at a beach adjacent to a major inlet with a large ebb tidal shoal. Using a coupled wave and wave-averaged nearshore circulation model, it is found that the nearshore circulation is significantly affected by the heterogeneous wave patterns caused by wave refraction over the ebb tidal shoal. The model is used to predict waves and currents during field experiments conducted near the mouth of San Francisco Bay and nearby Ocean Beach. The field measurements indicate strong spatial variations in current magnitude and direction and in wave height and direction along Ocean Beach and across the ebb tidal shoal. Numerical simulations suggest that wave refraction over the ebb tidal shoal causes wave focusing toward a narrow region at Ocean Beach. Due to the resulting spatial variation in nearshore wave height, wave-induced setup exhibits a strong alongshore nonuniformity, resulting in a dramatic change in the pressure field compared to a simulation with only tidal forcing. The analysis of momentum balances inside the surf zone shows that, under wave conditions with intensive wave focusing, the alongshore pressure gradient associated with alongshore nonuniform wave setup can be a dominant force driving circulation, inducing heterogeneous alongshore currents. Pressure-gradient- forced alongshore currents can exhibit flow reversals and flow convergence or divergence, in contrast to the uniform alongshore currents typically caused by tides or homogeneous waves.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2010JC006788","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Shi, F., Hanes, D., Kirby, J., Erikson, L., Barnard, P., and Eshleman, J., 2011, Pressure-gradient-driven nearshore circulation on a beach influenced by a large inlet-tidal shoal system: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 116, no. C4, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006788.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215665,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006788"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"Ocean Beach","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.568443,37.695373 ], [ -122.568443,37.853431 ], [ -122.451027,37.853431 ], [ -122.451027,37.695373 ], [ -122.568443,37.695373 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"116","issue":"C4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b60e4b0c8380cd7e228","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shi, F.","contributorId":46322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, J.T.","contributorId":79326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erikson, L.","contributorId":37165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barnard, P.","contributorId":18597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eshleman, J.","contributorId":58491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eshleman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034732,"text":"70034732 - 2011 - Brittle and ductile friction and the physics of tectonic tremor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T16:43:55","indexId":"70034732","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brittle and ductile friction and the physics of tectonic tremor","docAbstract":"Observations of nonvolcanic tremor provide a unique window into the mechanisms of deformation and failure in the lower crust. At increasing depths, rock deformation gradually transitions from brittle, where earthquakes occur, to ductile, with tremor occurring in the transitional region. The physics of deformation in the transition region remain poorly constrained, limiting our basic understanding of tremor and its relation to earthquakes. We combine field and laboratory observations with a physical friction model comprised of brittle and ductile components, and use the model to provide constraints on the friction and stress state in the lower crust. A phase diagram is constructed that characterizes under what conditions all faulting behaviors occur, including earthquakes, tremor, silent transient slip, and steady sliding. Our results show that tremor occurs over a range of ductile and brittle frictional strengths, and advances our understanding of the physical conditions at which tremor and earthquakes take place.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011GL046866","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Daub, E.G., Shelly, D.R., Guyer, R.A., and Johnson, P., 2011, Brittle and ductile friction and the physics of tectonic tremor: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 10, p. 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL046866.","productDescription":"L10301; 4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","ipdsId":"IP-024638","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347944,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL046866"}],"volume":"38","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f284e4b0c8380cd4b202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daub, Eric G.","contributorId":199144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daub","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guyer, Robert A.","contributorId":199146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, P.A.","contributorId":91220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034733,"text":"70034733 - 2011 - Statistical models of temperature in the Sacramento-San Joaquin delta under climate-change scenarios and ecological implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-08T13:44:54","indexId":"70034733","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Statistical models of temperature in the Sacramento-San Joaquin delta under climate-change scenarios and ecological implications","docAbstract":"Changes in water temperatures caused by climate change in California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta will affect the ecosystem through physiological rates of fishes and invertebrates. This study presents statistical models that can be used to forecast water temperature within the Delta as a response to atmospheric conditions. The daily average model performed well (R 2values greater than 0.93 during verification periods) for all stations within the Delta and San Francisco Bay provided there was at least 1 year of calibration data. To provide long-term projections of Delta water temperature, we forced the model with downscaled data from climate scenarios. Based on these projections, the ecological implications for the delta smelt, a key species, were assessed based on temperature thresholds. The model forecasts increases in the number of days above temperatures causing high mortality (especially along the Sacramento River) and a shift in thermal conditions for spawning to earlier in the year.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-010-9369-z","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Wagner, R., Stacey, M., Brown, L.R., and Dettinger, M., 2011, Statistical models of temperature in the Sacramento-San Joaquin delta under climate-change scenarios and ecological implications: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 34, no. 3, p. 544-556, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9369-z.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"544","endPage":"556","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475211,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9369-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9705e4b08c986b31b834","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, R.W.","contributorId":48784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stacey, Mark T.","contributorId":94531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stacey","given":"Mark T.","affiliations":[{"id":12776,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":447274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":146383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034753,"text":"70034753 - 2011 - Evaluating impacts of subdivision density on shallow groundwater in Southeastern Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-15T20:23:07.895811","indexId":"70034753","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2261,"text":"Journal of Environmental Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating impacts of subdivision density on shallow groundwater in Southeastern Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"Using simple numerical groundwater flow models, we tested the impacts of suburban developments on groundwater levels and discharge to streams. We used lot sizes of 1, 3 and 5 acres (4000, 12,000 and 20,000 m2) with one domestic well per lot that pumped water from shallow aquifers. Our modelling showed that pumping had little impact on water levels and groundwater discharge to streams if the developed area is of a moderate size. However, domestic wells had the potential to impact local groundwater levels and baseflows in large developments. In township-wide development scenarios of 1-acre (4000 m2) lots, simulated drawdowns beneath developed areas ranged from 1 to 18 ft (0.3 to 5.5 m), and baseflow reductions ranged from 20 to 40%. Impacts generally were inversely proportional to lot size, recharge rate and hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer materials. Developments using individual domestic wells have the potential to impact local groundwater levels and surface water features. The impacts can range from negligible to severe, depending on local hydrogeologic conditions and on whether wastewater is recharged onsite or is removed from the basin. An assessment of groundwater impacts should be a part of the planning process for all suburban developments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/09640568.2010.524358","issn":"09640568","usgsCitation":"Rayne, T., and Bradbury, K.R., 2011, Evaluating impacts of subdivision density on shallow groundwater in Southeastern Wisconsin, USA: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, v. 54, no. 5, p. 559-575, https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2010.524358.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"559","endPage":"575","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215573,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2010.524358"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Southeastern Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.8082275390625,\n 42.49640294093705\n ],\n [\n -87.81372070312499,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -87.7532958984375,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -87.7532958984375,\n 42.783307077249624\n ],\n [\n -87.8302001953125,\n 42.91218338638015\n ],\n [\n -87.8466796875,\n 42.99259451971113\n ],\n [\n -87.857666015625,\n 43.04480541304369\n ],\n [\n -87.879638671875,\n 43.201171681272456\n ],\n [\n -87.86865234374999,\n 43.34914966389313\n ],\n [\n -87.7587890625,\n 43.628123412124616\n ],\n [\n -88.6541748046875,\n 43.636075155965784\n ],\n [\n -88.6541748046875,\n 43.337164854911094\n ],\n [\n -88.65966796875,\n 42.49640294093705\n ],\n [\n -87.8082275390625,\n 42.49640294093705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0be7e4b0c8380cd52928","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rayne, T.W.","contributorId":86582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rayne","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradbury, K. R.","contributorId":86070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034811,"text":"70034811 - 2011 - Genetic discontinuity among regional populations of Lophelia pertusa in the North Atlantic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T12:27:55","indexId":"70034811","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Genetic discontinuity among regional populations of Lophelia pertusa in the North Atlantic Ocean","title":"Genetic discontinuity among regional populations of Lophelia pertusa in the North Atlantic Ocean","docAbstract":"Knowledge of the degree to which populations are connected through larval dispersal is imperative to effective management, yet little is known about larval dispersal ability or population connectivity in Lophelia pertusa, the dominant framework-forming coral on the continental slope in the North Atlantic Ocean. Using nine microsatellite DNA markers, we assessed the spatial scale and pattern of genetic connectivity across a large portion of the range of L. pertusa in the North Atlantic Ocean. A Bayesian modeling approach found four distinct genetic groupings corresponding to ocean regions: Gulf of Mexico, coastal southeastern U.S., New England Seamounts, and eastern North Atlantic Ocean. An isolation-by-distance pattern was supported across the study area. Estimates of pairwise population differentiation were greatest with the deepest populations, the New England Seamounts (average F ST = 0.156). Differentiation was intermediate with the eastern North Atlantic populations (F ST = 0.085), and smallest between southeastern U.S. and Gulf of Mexico populations (F ST = 0.019), with evidence of admixture off the southeastern Florida peninsula. Connectivity across larger geographic distances within regions suggests that some larvae are broadly dispersed. Heterozygote deficiencies were detected within the majority of localities suggesting deviation from random mating. Gene flow between ocean regions appears restricted, thus, the most effective management scheme for L. pertusa involves regional reserve networks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-010-0178-5","usgsCitation":"Morrison, C., Ross, S.W., Nizinski, M., Brooke, S., Jarnegren, J., Waller, R., Johnson, R.L., and King, T., 2011, Genetic discontinuity among regional populations of Lophelia pertusa in the North Atlantic Ocean: Conservation Genetics, v. 12, no. 3, p. 713-729, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-010-0178-5.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"713","endPage":"729","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1570e4b0c8380cd54df6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, C.L. 0000-0001-9425-691X cmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":72915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"C.L.","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":72543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nizinski, M.S.","contributorId":94495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nizinski","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooke, S.","contributorId":99793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooke","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jarnegren, J.","contributorId":76569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnegren","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Waller, R.G.","contributorId":70591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, Robin L.","contributorId":68635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70034813,"text":"70034813 - 2011 - Hydrodynamics of a bathymetrically complex fringing coral reef embayment: Wave climate, in situ observations, and wave prediction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T12:54:06","indexId":"70034813","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrodynamics of a bathymetrically complex fringing coral reef embayment: Wave climate, in situ observations, and wave prediction","docAbstract":"This paper examines the relationship between offshore wave climate and nearshore waves and currents at Hanalei Bay, Hawaii, an exposed bay fringed with coral reefs. Analysis of both offshore in situ data and numerical hindcasts identify the predominance of two wave conditions: a mode associated with local trade winds and an episodic pattern associated with distant source long-period swells. Analysis of 10 months of in situ data within the bay show that current velocities are up to an order of magnitude greater during long-period swell episodes than during trade wind conditions; overall circulation patterns are also fundamentally different. The current velocities are highly correlated with incident wave heights during the swell episodes, while they are not during the modal trade wind conditions. A phase-averaged wave model was implemented with the dual purpose of evaluating application to bathymetrically complex fringing reefs and to examine the propagation of waves into the nearshore in an effort to better explain the large difference in observed circulation during the two offshore wave conditions. The prediction quality of this model was poorer for the episodic condition than for the lower-energy mode, however, it illustrated how longer-period swells are preferentially refracted into the bay and make available far more nearshore wave energy to drive currents compared to waves during modal conditions. The highly episodic circulation, the nature of which is dependent on complex refraction patterns of episodic, long-period swell has implications for flushing and sediment dynamics for incised fringing reef-lined bays that characterize many high islands at low latitudes around the world.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2010JC006170","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hoeke, R., Storlazzi, C., and Ridd, P., 2011, Hydrodynamics of a bathymetrically complex fringing coral reef embayment: Wave climate, in situ observations, and wave prediction: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 116, no. C4, C04018, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006170.","productDescription":"C04018","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475221,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jc006170","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215990,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006170"},{"id":243829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Hanalei Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159.520674,22.200727 ], [ -159.520674,22.220948 ], [ -159.494017,22.220948 ], [ -159.494017,22.200727 ], [ -159.520674,22.200727 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"116","issue":"C4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3340e4b0c8380cd5ee68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoeke, R.","contributorId":29239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoeke","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, C. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":103895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ridd, P.","contributorId":55663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridd","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034814,"text":"70034814 - 2011 - Economic resilience lessons from the ShakeOut earthquake scenario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T22:23:05","indexId":"70034814","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Economic resilience lessons from the ShakeOut earthquake scenario","docAbstract":"Following a damaging earthquake, “business interruption” (BI)—reduced production of goods and services—begins and continues long after the ground shaking stops. Economic resilience reduces BI losses by making the best use of the resources available at a given point in time (static resilience) or by speeding recovery through repair and reconstruction (dynamic resilience), in contrast to mitigation that prevents damage in the first place. Economic resilience is an important concept to incorporate into economic loss modeling and in recovery and contingency planning. Economic resilience framework includes the applicability of resilience strategies to production inputs and output, demand- and supply-side effects, inherent and adaptive abilities, and levels of the economy. We use our resilience framework to organize and share strategies that enhance economic resilience, identify overlooked resilience strategies, and present evidence and structure of resilience strategies for economic loss modelers. Numerous resilience strategies are compiled from stakeholder discussions about the ShakeOut Scenario (Jones et. al. 2008). Modeled results of ShakeOut BI sector losses reveal variable effectiveness of resilience strategies for lengthy disruptions caused by fire-damaged buildings and water service outages. Resilience is a complement to mitigation and may, in fact, have cost and all-hazards advantages.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/1.3582849","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Wein, A., and Rose, A., 2011, Economic resilience lessons from the ShakeOut earthquake scenario: Earthquake Spectra, v. 27, no. 2, p. 559-573, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.3582849.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"559","endPage":"573","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215991,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3582849"},{"id":243830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a058ce4b0c8380cd50e3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wein, A.","contributorId":53177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wein","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, A.","contributorId":6689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034815,"text":"70034815 - 2011 - Effects of ignition location models on the burn patterns of simulated wildfires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T11:55:53.194341","indexId":"70034815","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of ignition location models on the burn patterns of simulated wildfires","docAbstract":"Fire simulation studies that use models such as FARSITE often assume that ignition locations are distributed randomly, because spatially explicit information about actual ignition locations are difficult to obtain. However, many studies show that the spatial distribution of ignition locations, whether human-caused or natural, is non-random. Thus, predictions from fire simulations based on random ignitions may be unrealistic. However, the extent to which the assumption of ignition location affects the predictions of fire simulation models has never been systematically explored. Our goal was to assess the difference in fire simulations that are based on random versus non-random ignition location patterns. We conducted four sets of 6000 FARSITE simulations for the Santa Monica Mountains in California to quantify the influence of random and non-random ignition locations and normal and extreme weather conditions on fire size distributions and spatial patterns of burn probability. Under extreme weather conditions, fires were significantly larger for non-random ignitions compared to random ignitions (mean area of 344.5 ha and 230.1 ha, respectively), but burn probability maps were highly correlated (r = 0.83). Under normal weather, random ignitions produced significantly larger fires than non-random ignitions (17.5 ha and 13.3 ha, respectively), and the spatial correlations between burn probability maps were not high (r = 0.54), though the difference in the average burn probability was small. The results of the study suggest that the location of ignitions used in fire simulation models may substantially influence the spatial predictions of fire spread patterns. However, the spatial bias introduced by using a random ignition location model may be minimized if the fire simulations are conducted under extreme weather conditions when fire spread is greatest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.11.016","issn":"13648152","usgsCitation":"Bar-Massada, A., Syphard, A., Hawbaker, T., Stewart, S.I., and Radeloff, V.C., 2011, Effects of ignition location models on the burn patterns of simulated wildfires: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 26, no. 5, p. 583-592, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.11.016.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"592","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Malibu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.22088623046875,\n 33.920571528675076\n ],\n [\n -118.41064453125,\n 33.920571528675076\n ],\n [\n -118.41064453125,\n 34.22088697429016\n ],\n [\n -119.22088623046875,\n 34.22088697429016\n ],\n [\n -119.22088623046875,\n 33.920571528675076\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0721e4b0c8380cd51588","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bar-Massada, A.","contributorId":7524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bar-Massada","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Syphard, A.D.","contributorId":68950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Syphard","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":196234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":447773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stewart, S. I.","contributorId":99779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Radeloff, V. C.","contributorId":58467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Radeloff","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034819,"text":"70034819 - 2011 - Effects of uncertain topographic input data on two-dimensional flow modeling in a gravel-bed river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034819","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of uncertain topographic input data on two-dimensional flow modeling in a gravel-bed river","docAbstract":"Many applications in river research and management rely upon two-dimensional (2D) numerical models to characterize flow fields, assess habitat conditions, and evaluate channel stability. Predictions from such models are potentially highly uncertain due to the uncertainty associated with the topographic data provided as input. This study used a spatial stochastic simulation strategy to examine the effects of topographic uncertainty on flow modeling. Many, equally likely bed elevation realizations for a simple meander bend were generated and propagated through a typical 2D model to produce distributions of water-surface elevation, depth, velocity, and boundary shear stress at each node of the model's computational grid. Ensemble summary statistics were used to characterize the uncertainty associated with these predictions and to examine the spatial structure of this uncertainty in relation to channel morphology. Simulations conditioned to different data configurations indicated that model predictions became increasingly uncertain as the spacing between surveyed cross sections increased. Model sensitivity to topographic uncertainty was greater for base flow conditions than for a higher, subbankfull flow (75% of bankfull discharge). The degree of sensitivity also varied spatially throughout the bend, with the greatest uncertainty occurring over the point bar where the flow field was influenced by topographic steering effects. Uncertain topography can therefore introduce significant uncertainty to analyses of habitat suitability and bed mobility based on flow model output. In the presence of such uncertainty, the results of these studies are most appropriately represented in probabilistic terms using distributions of model predictions derived from a series of topographic realizations. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010WR009618","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Legleiter, C., Kyriakidis, P., McDonald, R.R., and Nelson, J.M., 2011, Effects of uncertain topographic input data on two-dimensional flow modeling in a gravel-bed river: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009618.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215577,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009618"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a081ae4b0c8380cd51996","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Legleiter, C.J.","contributorId":104727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"C.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kyriakidis, P.C.","contributorId":66506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kyriakidis","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, R. R.","contributorId":72810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, J. M.","contributorId":68687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034821,"text":"70034821 - 2011 - Geostatistical modeling of riparian forest microclimate and its implications for sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T11:44:54","indexId":"70034821","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geostatistical modeling of riparian forest microclimate and its implications for sampling","docAbstract":"Predictive models of microclimate under various site conditions in forested headwater stream - riparian areas are poorly developed, and sampling designs for characterizing underlying riparian microclimate gradients are sparse. We used riparian microclimate data collected at eight headwater streams in the Oregon Coast Range to compare ordinary kriging (OK), universal kriging (UK), and kriging with external drift (KED) for point prediction of mean maximum air temperature (Tair). Several topographic and forest structure characteristics were considered as site-specific parameters. Height above stream and distance to stream were the most important covariates in the KED models, which outperformed OK and UK in terms of root mean square error. Sample patterns were optimized based on the kriging variance and the weighted means of shortest distance criterion using the simulated annealing algorithm. The optimized sample patterns outperformed systematic sample patterns in terms of mean kriging variance mainly for small sample sizes. These findings suggest methods for increasing efficiency of microclimate monitoring in riparian areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/x11-015","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Eskelson, B., Anderson, P.D., Hagar, J., and Temesgen, H., 2011, Geostatistical modeling of riparian forest microclimate and its implications for sampling: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 41, no. 5, p. 974-985, https://doi.org/10.1139/x11-015.","startPage":"974","endPage":"985","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243425,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215611,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-015"}],"volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28b2e4b0c8380cd5a317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eskelson, B.N.I.","contributorId":79725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eskelson","given":"B.N.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, P. D.","contributorId":91189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hagar, J.C.","contributorId":46208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagar","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Temesgen, H.","contributorId":50371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Temesgen","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034823,"text":"70034823 - 2011 - Modeling hot spring chemistries with applications to martian silica formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T11:53:26.05945","indexId":"70034823","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling hot spring chemistries with applications to martian silica formation","docAbstract":"Many recent studies have implicated hydrothermal systems as the origin of martian minerals across a wide range of martian sites. Particular support for hydrothermal systems include silica (SiO2) deposits, in some cases >90% silica, in the Gusev Crater region, especially in the Columbia Hills and at Home Plate. We have developed a model called CHEMCHAU that can be used up to 100 °C to simulate hot springs associated with hydrothermal systems. The model was partially derived from FREZCHEM, which is a colder temperature model parameterized for broad ranges of temperature (<−70 to 25 °C), pressure (1–1000 bars), and chemical composition. We demonstrate the validity of Pitzer parameters, volumetric parameters, and equilibrium constants in the CHEMCHAU model for the Na–K–Mg–Ca–H–Cl–ClO4–SO4–OH–HCO3–CO3–CO2–O2–CH4–Si–H2O system up to 100 °C and apply the model to hot springs and silica deposits.
A theoretical simulation of silica and calcite equilibrium shows how calcite is least soluble with high pH and high temperatures, while silica behaves oppositely. Such influences imply that differences in temperature and pH on Mars could lead to very distinct mineral assemblages. Using measured solution chemistries of Yellowstone hot springs and Icelandic hot springs, we simulate salts formed during the evaporation of two low pH cases (high and low temperatures) and a high temperature, alkaline (high pH) sodic water. Simulation of an acid-sulfate case leads to precipitation of Fe and Al minerals along with silica. Consistency with martian mineral assemblages suggests that hot, acidic sulfate solutions are plausibility progenitors of minerals in the past on Mars. In the alkaline pH (8.45) simulation, formation of silica at high temperatures (355 K) led to precipitation of anhydrous minerals (CaSO4, Na2SO4) that was also the case for the high temperature (353 K) low pH case where anhydrous minerals (NaCl, CaSO4) also precipitated. Thus we predict that secondary minerals associated with massive silica deposits are plausible indicators on Mars of precipitation environments and aqueous chemistry. Theoretical model calculations are in reasonable agreement with independent experimental silica concentrations, which strengthens the validity of the new CHEMCHAU model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2011.01.035","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Marion, G., Catling, D., Crowley, J., and Kargel, J., 2011, Modeling hot spring chemistries with applications to martian silica formation: Icarus, v. 212, no. 2, p. 629-642, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.01.035.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"642","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"212","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c00e4b0c8380cd6f972","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marion, G.M.","contributorId":44691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Catling, D.C.","contributorId":78135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catling","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crowley, J.K.","contributorId":103690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowley","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kargel, J.S.","contributorId":88096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kargel","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034841,"text":"70034841 - 2011 - Reservoir characterization of the Mt. Simon Sandstone, Illinois Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-15T11:38:14.910317","indexId":"70034841","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Reservoir characterization of the Mt. Simon Sandstone, Illinois Basin, USA","docAbstract":"The integration of open hole well log analyses, core analyses and pressure transient analyses was used for reservoir characterization of the Mt. Simon sandstone. Characterization of the injection interval provides the basis for a geologic model to support the baseline MVA model, specify pressure design requirements of surface equipment, develop completion strategies, estimate injection rates, and project the CO2 plume distribution.
The Cambrian-age Mt. Simon Sandstone overlies the Precambrian granite basement of the Illinois Basin. The Mt. Simon is relatively thick formation exceeding 800 meters in some areas of the Illinois Basin. In the deeper part of the basin where sequestration is likely to occur at depths exceeding 1000 m, horizontal core permeability ranges from less than 1×10−12 cm2 to greater than 1×10−8 cm2. Well log and core porosity can be up to 30% in the basal Mt. Simon reservoir.
For modeling purposes, reservoir characterization includes absolute horizontal and vertical permeability, effective porosity, net and gross thickness, and depth. For horizontal permeability, log porosity was correlated with core. The core porosity-permeability correlation was improved by using grain size as an indication of pore throat size. After numerous attempts to identify an appropriate log signature, the calculated cementation exponent from Archie’s porosity and resistivity relationships was used to identify which porosity-permeability correlation to apply and a permeability log was made.
Due to the relatively large thickness of the Mt. Simon, vertical permeability is an important attribute to understand the distribution of CO2 when the injection interval is in the lower part of the unit. Only core analyses and specifically designed pressure transient tests can yield vertical permeability. Many reservoir flow models show that 500–800 m from the injection well most of the CO2 migrates upward depending on the magnitude of the vertical permeability and CO2 injection rate (CO2 velocity). Assigning a specific value of vertical permeability to model cells is dependent on the vertical height of the model cell. Measured vertical permeability on core is scale dependent, such that lower vertical permeability is expected over longer core lengths compared to smaller lengths. Consequently, a series of vertical permeability tests were conducted on whole core varying in lengths of samples from 7 cm to 30 cm that showed vertical perm could change by an order of magnitude over a 30 cm height.
For one well, the results from a series of pressure transient tests over a perforated interval much smaller than the gross thickness (<2%) confirmed the core-log based geologic model for vertical and horizontal permeability. A partial penetration model was used to estimate the horizontal and vertical permeability over a portion of the modeled area using series and parallel flow averaging techniques.
","conferenceTitle":"10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies","conferenceDate":"September 19-23, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Amsterdam","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.534","issn":"18766102","usgsCitation":"Frailey, S., Damico, J., and Leetaru, H., 2011, Reservoir characterization of the Mt. Simon Sandstone, Illinois Basin, USA, 10th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, v. 4, Amsterdam, September 19-23, 2010, p. 5487-5494, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.534.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"5487","endPage":"5494","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475166,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.534","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215992,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.534"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa951e4b0c8380cd85d3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frailey, S.M.","contributorId":93263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frailey","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Damico, J.","contributorId":86196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damico","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leetaru, H.E.","contributorId":47123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leetaru","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034842,"text":"70034842 - 2011 - Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-18T15:11:32","indexId":"70034842","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change","docAbstract":"Land ownership in Alaska includes a mosaic of federally managed units. Within its agency’s context, each unit has its own management strategy, authority, and resources of conservation concern, many of which are migratory animals. Though some units are geographically isolated, many are nevertheless linked by paths of abiotic and biotic flows, such as rivers, air masses, flyways, and terrestrial and aquatic migration routes. Furthermore, individual land units exist within the context of a larger landscape pattern of shifting conditions, requiring managers to understand at larger spatial scales the status and trends in the synchrony and spatial concurrence of species and associated suitable habitats. Results of these changes will determine the ability of Alaska lands to continue to: provide habitat for local and migratory species; absorb species whose ranges are shifting northward; and experience mitigation or exacerbation of climate change through positive and negative atmospheric feedbacks. We discuss the geographic and statutory contexts that influence development of ecological monitoring; argue for the inclusion of significant amounts of broad-scale monitoring; discuss the importance of defining clear programmatic and monitoring objectives; and draw from lessons learned from existing long-term, broad-scale monitoring programs to apply to the specific contexts relevant to high-latitude protected areas such as those in Alaska. Such areas are distinguished by their: marked seasonality; relatively large magnitudes of contemporary change in climatic parameters; and relative inaccessibility due to broad spatial extent, very low (or zero) road density, and steep and glaciated areas. For ecological monitoring to effectively support management decisions in high-latitude areas such as Alaska, a monitoring program ideally would be structured to address the actual spatial and temporal scales of relevant processes, rather than the artificial boundaries of individual land-management units. Heuristic models provide a means by which to integrate understanding of ecosystem structure, composition, and function, in the midst of numerous ecosystem drivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022","issn":"00063207","usgsCitation":"Beever, E.A., and Woodward, A., 2011, Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change: Biological Conservation, v. 144, no. 5, p. 1258-1269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1258","endPage":"1269","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216023,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -174.28710937499997,\n 51.34433866059924\n ],\n [\n -174.28710937499997,\n 71.46912418989677\n ],\n [\n -129.638671875,\n 71.46912418989677\n ],\n [\n -129.638671875,\n 51.34433866059924\n ],\n [\n -174.28710937499997,\n 51.34433866059924\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff3fe4b0c8380cd4f0c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034843,"text":"70034843 - 2011 - Genetic diversity and demographic instability in Riftia pachyptila tubeworms from eastern Pacific hydrothermal vents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-10T20:58:34.18535","indexId":"70034843","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":955,"text":"BMC Evolutionary Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic diversity and demographic instability in Riftia pachyptila tubeworms from eastern Pacific hydrothermal vents","docAbstract":"Deep-sea hydrothermal vent animals occupy patchy and ephemeral habitats supported by chemosynthetic primary production. Volcanic and tectonic activities controlling the turnover of these habitats contribute to demographic instability that erodes genetic variation within and among colonies of these animals. We examined DNA sequences from one mitochondrial and three nuclear gene loci to assess genetic diversity in the siboglinid tubeworm, Riftia pachyptila, a widely distributed constituent of vents along the East Pacific Rise and Galápagos Rift.
Genetic differentiation (F ST ) among populations increased with geographical distances, as expected under a linear stepping-stone model of dispersal. Low levels of DNA sequence diversity occurred at all four loci, allowing us to exclude the hypothesis that an idiosyncratic selective sweep eliminated mitochondrial diversity alone. Total gene diversity declined with tectonic spreading rates. The southernmost populations, which are subjected to superfast spreading rates and high probabilities of extinction, are relatively homogenous genetically.
Compared to other vent species, DNA sequence diversity is extremely low in R. pachyptila. Though its dispersal abilities appear to be effective, the low diversity, particularly in southern hemisphere populations, is consistent with frequent local extinction and (re)colonization events
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/1471-2148-11-96","issn":"14712148","usgsCitation":"Coykendall, D., Johnson, S., Karl, S., Lutz, R., and Vrijenhoek, R., 2011, Genetic diversity and demographic instability in Riftia pachyptila tubeworms from eastern Pacific hydrothermal vents: BMC Evolutionary Biology, v. 11, no. 1, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-96.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475067,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-96","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216024,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-96"}],"otherGeospatial":"Eastern Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.8515625,\n 27.68352808378776\n ],\n [\n -109.6875,\n 21.94304553343818\n ],\n [\n -109.3359375,\n 11.523087506868514\n ],\n [\n -103.71093749999999,\n -46.55886030311717\n ],\n [\n -86.1328125,\n -47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -92.46093749999999,\n 0\n ],\n [\n -98.4375,\n 13.581920900545844\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n -112.8515625,\n 27.68352808378776\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1572e4b0c8380cd54dfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coykendall, Dolly","contributorId":215163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coykendall","given":"Dolly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, S.B.","contributorId":80894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karl, S.A.","contributorId":6281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lutz, R.A.","contributorId":30388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutz","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vrijenhoek, R.C.","contributorId":68132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vrijenhoek","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034846,"text":"70034846 - 2011 - Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-10T20:24:42.329471","indexId":"70034846","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?","docAbstract":"Aligning engineering practice with natural process behavior would appear, on its face, to be a prudent and reasonable course of action. However, if we do not understand the long‐term characteristics of hydroclimatic processes, how does one find the prudent and reasonable course needed for water management? We consider this question in light of three aspects of existing and unresolved issues affecting hydroclimatic variability and statistical inference: Hurst‐Kolmogorov phenomena; the complications long‐term persistence introduces with respect to statistical understanding; and the dependence of process understanding on arbitrary sampling choices. These problems are not easily addressed. In such circumstances, humility may be more important than physics; a simple model with well‐understood flaws may be preferable to a sophisticated model whose correspondence to reality is uncertain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Lins, H.F., and Cohn, T., 2011, Stationarity: Wanted dead or alive?: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 3, p. 475-480, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"480","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215612,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00542.x"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b96fde4b08c986b31b806","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, Harry F. 0000-0001-5385-9247 hlins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-9247","contributorId":1505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Harry","email":"hlins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohn, Timothy A. tacohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"Timothy A.","email":"tacohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034847,"text":"70034847 - 2011 - From intuition to statistics in building subsurface structural models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034847","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3796,"text":"World Oil","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From intuition to statistics in building subsurface structural models","docAbstract":"Experts associated with the oil and gas exploration industry suggest that combining forward trishear models with stochastic global optimization algorithms allows a quantitative assessment of the uncertainty associated with a given structural model. The methodology is applied to incompletely imaged structures related to deepwater hydrocarbon reservoirs and results are compared to prior manual palinspastic restorations and borehole data. This methodology is also useful for extending structural interpretations into other areas of limited resolution, such as subsalt in addition to extrapolating existing data into seismic data gaps. This technique can be used for rapid reservoir appraisal and potentially have other applications for seismic processing, well planning, and borehole stability analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"World Oil","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00438790","usgsCitation":"Brandenburg, J., Alpak, F., Naruk, S., and Solum, J., 2011, From intuition to statistics in building subsurface structural models: World Oil, v. 232, no. 6, p. 97-101.","startPage":"97","endPage":"101","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"232","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13fae4b0c8380cd54859","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brandenburg, J.P.","contributorId":56467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandenburg","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alpak, F.O.","contributorId":90561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpak","given":"F.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naruk, S.","contributorId":45135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naruk","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solum, J.","contributorId":16228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solum","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034849,"text":"70034849 - 2011 - The elusive character of discontinuous deep-water channels: New insights from Lucia Chica channel system, offshore California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-10T12:59:42.644824","indexId":"70034849","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The elusive character of discontinuous deep-water channels: New insights from Lucia Chica channel system, offshore California","docAbstract":"New high-resolution autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) seafloor images, with 1 m lateral resolution and 0.3 m vertical resolution, reveal unexpected seafloor rugosity and low-relief (<10 m), discontinuous conduits over ∼70 km2. Continuous channel thalwegs were interpreted originally from lower-resolution images, but newly acquired AUV data indicate that a single sinuous channel fed a series of discontinuous lower-relief channels. These discontinuous channels were created by at least four avulsion events. Channel relief, defined as the height from the thalweg to the levee crest, controls avulsions and overall stratigraphic architecture of the depositional area. Flow-stripped turbidity currents separated into and reactivated multiple channels to create a distributary pattern and developed discontinuous trains of cyclic scours and megaflutes, which may be erosional precursors to continuous channels. The diverse features now imaged in the Lucia Chica channel system (offshore California) are likely common in modern and ancient systems with similar overall morphologies, but have not been previously mapped with lower-resolution detection methods in any of these systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America.","doi":"10.1130/G31589.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Maier, K., Fildani, A., Paull, C.K., Graham, S., McHargue, T., Caress, D., and McGann, M., 2011, The elusive character of discontinuous deep-water channels: New insights from Lucia Chica channel system, offshore California: Geology, v. 39, no. 4, p. 327-330, https://doi.org/10.1130/G31589.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"327","endPage":"330","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lucia Chica channel system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -120.234375,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -120.234375,\n 37.42252593456307\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 37.42252593456307\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 34.14363482031264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505babc6e4b08c986b32306f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maier, K.L.","contributorId":51568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fildani, A.","contributorId":34699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fildani","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":86845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, S.A.","contributorId":82494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McHargue, T.R.","contributorId":35148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHargue","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caress, D.W.","contributorId":14201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caress","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McGann, Mary 0000-0002-3057-2945 mmcgann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3057-2945","contributorId":169540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGann","given":"Mary","email":"mmcgann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034872,"text":"70034872 - 2011 - Retesting of liquefaction and nonliquefaction case histories from the 1976 Tangshan earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-09T19:06:13.087255","indexId":"70034872","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2327,"text":"Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Retesting of liquefaction and nonliquefaction case histories from the 1976 Tangshan earthquake","docAbstract":"A field investigation was performed to retest liquefaction and nonliquefaction sites from the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China. These sites were carefully investigated in 1978 and 1979 by using standard penetration test (SPT) and cone penetration test (CPT) equipment; however, the CPT measurements are obsolete because of the now nonstandard cone that was used at the time. In 2007, a modern cone was mobilized to retest 18 selected sites that are particularly important because of the intense ground shaking they sustained despite their high fines content and/or because the site did not liquefy. Of the sites reinvestigated and carefully reprocessed, 13 were considered accurate representative case histories. Two of the sites that were originally investigated for liquefaction have been reinvestigated for cyclic failure of fine-grained soil and removed from consideration for liquefaction triggering. The most important outcome of these field investigations was the collection of more accurate data for three nonliquefaction sites that experienced intense ground shaking. Data for these three case histories is now included in an area of the liquefaction triggering database that was poorly populated and will help constrain the upper bound of future liquefaction triggering curves.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000406","issn":"10900241","usgsCitation":"Moss, R., Kayen, R.E., Tong, L., Liu, S., Cai, G., and Wu, J., 2011, Retesting of liquefaction and nonliquefaction case histories from the 1976 Tangshan earthquake: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, v. 137, no. 4, p. 334-343, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000406.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"343","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":501077,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cenv_fac/215","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216025,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000406"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Tangshan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 116.19140625,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n 119.94873046875,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n 119.94873046875,\n 41.36031866306708\n ],\n [\n 116.19140625,\n 41.36031866306708\n ],\n [\n 116.19140625,\n 38.788345355085625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"137","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac17e4b0c8380cd86b4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moss, R.E.S.","contributorId":71362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moss","given":"R.E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kayen, R. E.","contributorId":14424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tong, L.-Y.","contributorId":32374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tong","given":"L.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, S.-Y.","contributorId":71027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cai, G.-J.","contributorId":21784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"G.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wu, J.","contributorId":56998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034874,"text":"70034874 - 2011 - Multinomial mixture model with heterogeneous classification probabilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-09T18:38:56.901936","indexId":"70034874","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1573,"text":"Environmental and Ecological Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multinomial mixture model with heterogeneous classification probabilities","docAbstract":"Royle and Link (Ecology 86(9):2505–2512, 2005) proposed an analytical method that allowed estimation of multinomial distribution parameters and classification probabilities from categorical data measured with error. While useful, we demonstrate algebraically and by simulations that this method yields biased multinomial parameter estimates when the probabilities of correct category classifications vary among sampling units. We address this shortcoming by treating these probabilities as logit-normal random variables within a Bayesian framework. We use Markov chain Monte Carlo to compute Bayes estimates from a simulated sample from the posterior distribution. Based on simulations, this elaborated Royle-Link model yields nearly unbiased estimates of multinomial and correct classification probability estimates when classification probabilities are allowed to vary according to the normal distribution on the logit scale or according to the Beta distribution. The method is illustrated using categorical submersed aquatic vegetation data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10651-009-0131-2","issn":"13528505","usgsCitation":"Holland, M., and Gray, B.R., 2011, Multinomial mixture model with heterogeneous classification probabilities: Environmental and Ecological Statistics, v. 18, no. 2, p. 257-270, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10651-009-0131-2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"270","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216027,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10651-009-0131-2"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6033e4b0c8380cd71370","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland, M.D.","contributorId":90956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034876,"text":"70034876 - 2011 - Adult survival and population growth rate in Colorado big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-09T17:44:51.824391","indexId":"70034876","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adult survival and population growth rate in Colorado big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus)","docAbstract":"We studied adult survival and population growth at multiple maternity colonies of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in Fort Collins, Colorado. We investigated hypotheses about survival using information-theoretic methods and mark–recapture analyses based on passive detection of adult females tagged with passive integrated transponders. We constructed a 3-stage life-history matrix model to estimate population growth rate (λ) and assessed the relative importance of adult survival and other life-history parameters to population growth through elasticity and sensitivity analysis. Annual adult survival at 5 maternity colonies monitored from 2001 to 2005 was estimated at 0.79 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.77–0.82). Adult survival varied by year and roost, with low survival during an extreme drought year, a finding with negative implications for bat populations because of the likelihood of increasing drought in western North America due to global climate change. Adult survival during winter was higher than in summer, and mean life expectancies calculated from survival estimates were lower than maximum longevity records. We modeled adult survival with recruitment parameter estimates from the same population. The study population was growing (λ = 1.096; 95% CI = 1.057–1.135). Adult survival was the most important demographic parameter for population growth. Growth clearly had the highest elasticity to adult survival, followed by juvenile survival and adult fecundity (approximately equivalent in rank). Elasticity was lowest for fecundity of yearlings. The relative importances of the various life-history parameters for population growth rate are similar to those of large mammals.
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