The health and function of northern peatlands, particularly for fens, are strongly affected by fire and hydrology. Fens are important to several avian species of conservation interest, notably the yellow rail (Coturnicops noveboracensis). Fire suppression and altered hydrology often result in woody encroachment, altering the plant community and structure. Woody encroachment and its effects on biodiversity have become an increasing concern in the conservation and management of plant communities. This study evaluated the effects of spring and summer prescribed burns on the plant community, cover, and structure in open and partially wooded fens at Seney National Wildlife Refuge, Michigan, using a before-after-control-impact design. Paired, 1-hectare blocks were established in two fen areas, C3 and Marsh Creek, and data were collected for 2 years before burning (2006–7) and 3 years after burning (2008–10). We used generalized linear mixed models and ordination to assess differences among four treatments: C3 control, C3 spring burn (May 2008), Marsh Creek control, and Marsh Creek summer burn (July 2008); results from a block burned under drier conditions in July 2007 also are reported. Variables include water depth; litter depth; graminoid height; species richness and diversity; percent cover of plant taxa, mosses, and open area; shrub height, number of patches, and cover; and visual obstruction readings. The 2008 prescribed burns were done under moderate fire conditions, whereas the 2007 summer burn on one block was done under high fire conditions because of prolonged drought. We identified 104 plant taxa over the 5 years and noted differences between C3 and Marsh Creek communities. We examined data for effects of treatment, year, and year × treatment interactions for percent open and the 28 most common taxa. Most differences among treatments were related to natural differences in the plant community and hydrology between the two areas rather than fire effects; year effects were likely related to annual differences in water conditions. We detected few effects of spring burning in C3, even in the same year of burning. In Marsh Creek, most treatment effects were in 2008, when data were collected within 3 weeks of burning. Some fire effects there, however, persisted one to two growing seasons (2009, 2010) and two to three growing seasons in the block burned in the more intense summer 2007 fire. Effects of burning on shrub measures were more apparent on summer-burned blocks, but most measures returned to preburn conditions by 2010. Our results demonstrate the heterogeneity of plant community and environmental conditions of fens within and among years and the interactions of water conditions with burning. The results also demonstrate that neither single spring nor summer burning under moderate fire conditions are effective in setting back woody cover. Maintaining more open conditions in fens may require different approaches to water management, more frequent fires, more aggressive fire management, or a combination of tools to control woody cover.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185168","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.E., and Newton, W.E., 2019, Response of vegetation in open and partially wooded fens to prescribed burning at Seney National Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5168, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185168.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 62 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-098588","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361081,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5168/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":361083,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P90P8VWJ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Effects of fire on vegetation in fens at Seney National Wildlife Refuge"},{"id":361082,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5168/sir20185168.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018–5168"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Seney National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.26121520996094,\n 46.15724277677564\n ],\n [\n -85.92681884765624,\n 46.15724277677564\n ],\n [\n -85.92681884765624,\n 46.34289859337118\n ],\n [\n -86.26121520996094,\n 46.34289859337118\n ],\n [\n -86.26121520996094,\n 46.15724277677564\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401
Don Swanson has profoundly influenced generations of volcanologists and has made major contributions to our understanding of both silicic and basaltic volcanic systems. He provides an exceptional example of how a gifted scientist can develop entirely new paradigms related to large-scale problems on the basis of decades of study, as exemplified by his work on the emplacement of flood basalts, monitoring and forecasting volcanic eruptions, the development of lava flows and domes, and the explosive nature of Kīlauea Volcano. Don has maintained exceptional productivity even while playing major leadership and management roles in science, and his research is intrinsically geological and rooted in painstaking fieldwork that is both collaborative and interdisciplinary.
This volume recognizes Don’s career accomplishments by emphasizing his careful approach to volcanology and highlighting meticulous field observations as the basis for better understanding how volcanoes work.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE538","isbn":"9780813795386","usgsCitation":"2019, Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson: Special Papers of the Geological Society of America, v. 538, x, 458 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE538.","productDescription":"x, 458 p.","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794465,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, Michael O.","contributorId":225524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794466,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camp, Victor E.","contributorId":236848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794467,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grunder, Anita L.","contributorId":194549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunder","given":"Anita","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794468,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203822,"text":"70203822 - 2019 - Status of Mysis diluviana in Lake Ontario in 2013: lower abundance but higher fecundity than in the 1990s","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-14T12:03:08","indexId":"70203822","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T11:51:58","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Status of Mysis diluviana in Lake Ontario in 2013: Lower abundance but higher fecundity than in the 1990s","title":"Status of Mysis diluviana in Lake Ontario in 2013: lower abundance but higher fecundity than in the 1990s","docAbstract":"Mysis diluviana is a major component of prey fish diets in the Great Lakes, so annual production of M. diluviana is important for understanding and modeling energy flow through Great Lakes food webs. However, only three lake-wide measurements of M. diluviana annual production in Lake Ontario are currently available (1971, 1990, 1995). During 2013, lake-wide coverage of Lake Ontario was achieved during four periods from April to November. Annual mean density and biomass of M. diluviana in 2013 were 99 #/m2 (SE: 8) and 318 mg dw/m2 (SE: 28) – approximately half of values observed in 1990s. M. diluviana comprised 13–30% of offshore zooplankton biomass in each period. Reproduction peaked in fall, with mean brood size of 32 embryos (range: 11–49), at least 10% larger than in 1990s. Generation time was two years from embryo to initial reproduction. Growth rates were 0.052 mm/d for the age-0 cohort and 0.027 mm/d for the age-1 cohort. Age-0 growth rate was significantly higher than in 1980s–90s (0.035 mm/d). Annual production in 2013 was 0.85 g dw/m2/yr (SE: 0.03) which was 30–40% of values observed in 1990 and 1995 (2.23 and 2.53 g/m2/yr). Annual production to biomass ratio (P/B) in 2013 was 2.65 /yr which was 80–85% of values observed in 1990 and 1995 (3.24 and 3.11 /yr), but this difference was not statistically significant. Our results suggest that changes in annual production over time can be estimated using changes in biomass over time and a mean P/B ratio.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2019.01.007","usgsCitation":"Holda, T.J., Rudstam, L.G., Bowen, K.L., Weidel, B., Watkins, J.M., Sullivan, P.F., Holden, J.P., and Connerton, M., 2019, Status of Mysis diluviana in Lake Ontario in 2013: lower abundance but higher fecundity than in the 1990s: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 45, no. 2, p. 307-316, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2019.01.007.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"316","ipdsId":"IP-082348","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":357,"text":"Lake Ontario Biological Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2019.01.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364702,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United 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0000-0002-3732-6368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3732-6368","contributorId":213508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowen, Kelly L.","contributorId":38382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Watkins, James M.","contributorId":189286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watkins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sullivan, Patrick F","contributorId":216237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Holden, Jeremy P.","contributorId":190415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holden","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16762,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Connerton, Michael J.","contributorId":25495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connerton","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70228156,"text":"70228156 - 2019 - Age, succesion planning & wildlife values of Upper Midwest landowners","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T12:21:30.141566","indexId":"70228156","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T11:49:39","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3176,"text":"Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age, succesion planning & wildlife values of Upper Midwest landowners","docAbstract":"It is well known that farmers are getting older; in the United States the average age of farmers is 58.3 years old and the rate of increase in age is accelerating. The average farmer age increased 10 years from 47.6 years old to 57.1 in a four year period (2003-2007). It is not necessarily a problem that farmers are getting older because farmers often retire later than workers in other parts of the labor force. The concern is that aging farmers are not being replaced by younger farmers since start-up costs have become insurmountable for many beginning farmers. Consequently, the age distribution of farmers has become highly skewed towards the older end of the spectrum. All the projections call for a massive transfer of land in the next decade which can have significant consequences as well as opportunities for wildlife management. For example, paid conservation programs may be especially attractive to older farmers who do not want to quit farming “cold turkey” by providing income for enrolling some land in these programs as well as reduce their work load. Our surveys of landowners in North Dakota, South Dakota and western Minnesota included questions asking landowners about their future plans for their land when they are no longer able to run their farm/ranch. About 54% of the landowners do not have any plans to change the size of their operations in the next 10 years, about 7% plan to decrease their operations and 31% plan to increase (8% undecided). These findings were strongly related to landowner age and current size of their farm/ranch. Most landowners (55%) have a strong desire to pass their farm/ranch operations on to family members and most (63%) were interested in conservation programs that would allow family members to continue with current farming/ranching operations. Most landowners’ future plans were not related to landowners’ land use and wildlife values, but for a small subset of landowners, land use and wildlife values were related to their succession plans.","language":"English","publisher":"South Dakota Academy of Science","usgsCitation":"Gigliotti, L.M., and Sweikert, L.A., 2019, Age, succesion planning & wildlife values of Upper Midwest landowners: Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science, 23 p.","productDescription":"23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-108522","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395552,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sdaos.org/proceedings/"},{"id":395553,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota, South 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gigliotti, Larry M. 0000-0002-1693-5113 lgigliotti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1693-5113","contributorId":3906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gigliotti","given":"Larry","email":"lgigliotti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweikert, Lily A.","contributorId":274730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweikert","given":"Lily","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":56643,"text":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70255055,"text":"70255055 - 2019 - Opportunities and barriers for endangered species conservation using payments for ecosystem services","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-12T16:23:12.541411","indexId":"70255055","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T11:18:09","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Opportunities and barriers for endangered species conservation using payments for ecosystem services","docAbstract":"Endangered species laws seek to prevent extinction by outlawing actions that may cause harm or lead to extinction. In doing so, these laws are sometimes criticized for limiting management flexibility and subjecting landowners to regulatory burdens. One proposed solution to this challenge is development of payment for ecosystem service (PES) programs. These programs provide an economic incentive to conserve endangered species by compensating landowners for the costs of conservation or forgoing other profitable uses of land and resources. To assess the utility of PES as a means of overcoming opposition to endangered species regulations, we surveyed ranch operators in Arizona and New Mexico facing new regulations related to endangered jaguars (Panthera onca). Our findings suggest that PES cannot overcome the perceived burdens of species protection regulations and are unlikely to increase collaboration between landowners and government agencies. PES approaches are only likely to succeed where there is strong fit between institutional design and resource manager preferences. In the context of endangered species, PES proponents must pay particular attention to institutional arrangements that reduce concerns about regulatory risk. To this end, to effectively meet endangered species conservation goals, we recommend: 1) framing PES programs as voluntary conservation incentives, 2) focusing incentives on healthy ecosystems rather than a single species, and 3) using private funding to support incentives. Under these circumstances, PES may be an effective endangered species conservation tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2019.01.017","usgsCitation":"Lien, A., Ulibarri, C., Vanasco, W., Ruyle, G., Bonar, S.A., and Lopez-Hoffman, L., 2019, Opportunities and barriers for endangered species conservation using payments for ecosystem services: Biological Conservation, v. 232, p. 74-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.01.017.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"74","endPage":"82","ipdsId":"IP-109548","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"232","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lien, Aaron M.","contributorId":338453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lien","given":"Aaron M.","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ulibarri, Colleen","contributorId":338454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulibarri","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vanasco, Wendy","contributorId":338455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vanasco","given":"Wendy","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruyle, George B.","contributorId":338456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruyle","given":"George B.","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lopez-Hoffman, Laura","contributorId":338457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez-Hoffman","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70206363,"text":"70206363 - 2019 - Size-specific apparent survival rate estimates of white sharks using mark-recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-31T11:19:35","indexId":"70206363","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T11:10:11","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Size-specific apparent survival rate estimates of white sharks using mark-recapture models","docAbstract":"For species that exist at low abundance or are otherwise difficult to study, it is challenging to estimate vital rates such as survival and fecundity and common to assume that survival rates are constant across ages and sexes. Population assessments based on overly simplistic vital rates can lead to erroneous conclusions. We estimated sex and length-based annual apparent survival rates for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). We found evidence that annual apparent survival differed over ontogeny in a system with competitive foraging aggregations, from 0.63 (SE = 0.08) for newly recruiting sub-adults to 0.95 (SE = 0.02) for the largest sharks. Our results reveal a potential challenge to ontogenetic recruitment in a long-lived, highly mobile top marine predator, as survival rates for sub-adult white sharks may be lower than previously assumed. Alternatively, younger and competitively inferior individuals may be forced to permanently emigrate from primary foraging sites. This study provides new methodology for estimating apparent survival as a function of diverse covariates by capture-recapture study including when sex assignment is uncertain.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2018-0142","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Kanive, P.E., Jay J. Rotella, Jorgensen, S.J., chapple, T.K., Hines, J.E., Anderson, S., and Block, B.A., 2019, Size-specific apparent survival rate estimates of white sharks using mark-recapture models: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 76, no. 11, p. 2027-2034, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0142.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2027","endPage":"2034","ipdsId":"IP-090812","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0142","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":368816,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368795,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0142#.XPVqV8hKhPY"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Ano Nuevo Island, SE Farallon Island, Tomales Point","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.08258056640626,\n 37.49447320172351\n ],\n [\n -122.51129150390625,\n 37.49447320172351\n ],\n [\n -122.51129150390625,\n 38.028622234587964\n ],\n [\n -123.08258056640626,\n 38.028622234587964\n ],\n [\n -123.08258056640626,\n 37.49447320172351\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kanive, Paul E.","contributorId":220135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kanive","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jay J. Rotella","contributorId":220136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jay J. Rotella","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jorgensen, S. J.","contributorId":220137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"chapple, T. K.","contributorId":220138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"chapple","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, S.D.","contributorId":220139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Block, B. A.","contributorId":220140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Block","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70202030,"text":"70202030 - 2019 - Distinguishing recent dispersal from historical genetic connectivity in the coastal California gnatcatcher","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-07T10:39:46","indexId":"70202030","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T10:39:42","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinguishing recent dispersal from historical genetic connectivity in the coastal California gnatcatcher","docAbstract":"Habitat loss and fragmentation are primary threats to biodiversity worldwide. We studied the impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation on genetic connectivity and diversity among local aggregations of the California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica) across its U.S. range. With a dataset of 268 individuals genotyped at 19 microsatellite loci, we analyzed genetic structure across the range using clustering analyses, exact tests for population differentiation, and a pedigree analysis to examine the spatial distribution of first-order relatives throughout the study area. In addition, we developed a habitat suitability model and related percent suitable habitat to genetic diversity indices within aggregations at two spatial scales. We detected a single genetic cluster across the range, with weak genetic structure among recently geographically isolated aggregations in the northern part of the range. The pedigree analysis detected closely related individuals across disparate aggregations and across large geographic distances in the majority of the sampled range, demonstrating that recent long-distance dispersal has occurred within this species. Genetic diversity was independent of suitable habitat at a local 5-km scale, but increased in a non-linear fashion with habitat availability at a broader, 30-km scale. Diversity declined steeply when suitable habitat within 30-km fell below 10%. Together, our results suggest that California gnatcatchers retain genetic connectivity across the majority of the current distribution of coastal sage scrub fragments, with the exception of some outlying aggregations. Connectivity may help support long-term persistence under current conservation and management strategies. However, emerging structure among more remote aggregations and associations between available habitat and genetic diversity also suggest that continued loss of habitat could threaten diversity and connectivity in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-37712-2","usgsCitation":"Vandergast, A.G., Kus, B., Preston, K.L., and Barr, K., 2019, Distinguishing recent dispersal from historical genetic connectivity in the coastal California gnatcatcher: Scientific Reports, v. 9, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37712-2.","productDescription":"Article number 1355; 12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-099518","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467924,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37712-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SJRU51","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Coastal California Gnatcatcher Habitat Suitability Model for Southern California (2015)"},{"id":437576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F77D2SBP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Genetic Structure of California Gnatcatcher Populations in Southern California from 2012 through 2013"},{"id":361071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -116.4715576171875,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -116.4715576171875,\n 34.6060845921693\n ],\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 34.6060845921693\n ],\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 32.565333160841035\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571 avandergast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":3963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"avandergast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kus, Barbara E. 0000-0002-3679-3044 barbara_kus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-3044","contributorId":3026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"Barbara E.","email":"barbara_kus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Preston, Kristine L. 0000-0002-6958-1128 kpreston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-1128","contributorId":207765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Kristine","email":"kpreston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barr, Kelly R.","contributorId":212860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barr","given":"Kelly R.","affiliations":[{"id":38694,"text":"former USGS employee; current affiliation UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70195066,"text":"70195066 - 2019 - Products, processes, and implications of Keanakāko‘i volcanism, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-30T15:41:20.407035","indexId":"70195066","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T10:39:16","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Products, processes, and implications of Keanakāko‘i volcanism, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"The Keanakāko‘i Tephra offers an exceptional window into the explosive portion of Kīlauea’s recent past. Once thought to be the products of a single eruption, the deposits instead formed through a wide range of pyroclastic activity during an ~300 yr period following the collapse of the modern caldera in ca. 1500 CE. No single shallow conduit or vent system prevailed during this period, and most of the deposits are confined to distinct sectors around the caldera. Vent position shifted abruptly and repeatedly throughout this time period. This combination of circumstances, influenced by prevailing wind direction, led to rapid lateral changes in the stratigraphy. We define and describe 12 units, several of which are subdivided into subunits or beds, and place them in a framework that reflects volcanologic processes as well as temporal succession.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(07)","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D., and Houghton, B.F., 2019, Products, processes, and implications of Keanakāko‘i volcanism, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, chap. of Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson, v. 538, p. 159-190, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(07).","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"190","ipdsId":"IP-088789","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.30410766601562,\n 19.3869432241507\n ],\n [\n -155.2313232421875,\n 19.3869432241507\n ],\n [\n -155.2313232421875,\n 19.440046902565864\n ],\n [\n -155.30410766601562,\n 19.440046902565864\n ],\n [\n -155.30410766601562,\n 19.3869432241507\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70202718,"text":"70202718 - 2019 - Element concentrations in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) from the U.S. and Binational Great Lakes’ areas of concern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-21T10:47:50","indexId":"70202718","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T09:54:17","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Element concentrations in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) from the U.S. and Binational Great Lakes’ areas of concern","docAbstract":"Selected elements were targeted in state Remedial Action Plans as one group of chemicals affecting the Beneficial Use Impairments of Great Lakes Areas of Concern (AOC). Livers of nestling tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor, were harvested from 76 sites in the Great Lakes which included multiple sites at 27 AOCs and 12 reference sites from 2010 to 2015 and analyzed for 21 elements. Mercury concentrations were at background levels at all sites. Elevated cadmium (Cd) concentrations were associated with industry. The highest Cd values were from the Black River, OH AOC and associated with historic coke production, but were not at toxic levels. Lead (Pb) concentrations were highest on the Rouge River, MI AOC, the oldest and most heavily populated and industrialized area in southeast Michigan. Individual lead Pb concentrations were elevated to a level associated with delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase inhibition, but not to a level considered toxic. In contrast, livers harvested from sites on the southwest shore of Lake Michigan had selenium concentrations elevated to levels associated with reduced avian reproduction. One likely source of the high Se concentrations was pollution from a local coal-fired power plant. Concentrations of the remaining elements were at background levels.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1007/s00244-019-00601-4","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., Custer, C.M., Dummer, P.M., Goldberg, D., and Franson, J.C., 2019, Element concentrations in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) from the U.S. and Binational Great Lakes’ areas of concern: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 76, no. 3, p. 414-424, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-019-00601-4.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"414","endPage":"424","ipdsId":"IP-100502","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93O6QLH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Mercury and other element concentrations in nestling tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) from the U.S. and Binational Great Lakes Areas of Concern: data"},{"id":362238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","volume":"76","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582 ccuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":1143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"ccuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dummer, Paul M. 0000-0002-2055-9480 pdummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-9480","contributorId":3015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dummer","given":"Paul","email":"pdummer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldberg, Diana R. 0000-0001-8540-8512","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8540-8512","contributorId":82252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Diana R.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":759641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":177499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70211337,"text":"70211337 - 2019 - Dikes in the Koaʻe fault system, and the Koaʻe-east rift zone structural grain at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-27T14:56:30.500043","indexId":"70211337","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T09:50:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"11","displayTitle":"Dikes in the Koaʻe fault system, and the Koaʻe-east rift zone structural grain at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","title":"Dikes in the Koaʻe fault system, and the Koaʻe-east rift zone structural grain at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Two small scoria vents were discovered in the Koa‘e fault system, an extensional regime connecting the east and southwest rift zones of Kīlauea that was previously considered to be noneruptive. The chemical composition of the scoria suggests an early to middle nineteenth-century age. The vents prove that magma can intrude several kilometers into the central part of the Koa‘e fault system from the nearest rift zone, supporting previous seismic and geodetic inferences of intrusions into the Koa‘e fault system in the twentieth century.
Geodetic studies for the past 50 yr document widening of the Koa‘e fault system at a time-averaged rate of ~4.5 cm/yr, involving mostly coseismic strains, but also creep and displacement related to dike intrusions. These rates are consistent with a longer-term widening rate for the past ~700 yr calculated from crack widths in a lava flow of about that age. The Koa‘e fault system blends into, and is a structural continuation of, the east rift zone. We interpret the locus of intrusion in the east rift zone to have migrated ~6.5 km SE during the past 100,000–125,000 yr, as estimated from linear extrapolation of measured displacement rates across the Koa‘e fault system and east rift zone. The inception of migration is consistent with the onset of the tholeiitic stage at Kīlauea as interpreted by previous studies. As the rift zone moved away from the summit, a marked curvature in the transport pathway developed in order for the rift zone to maintain its connection to the summit magma reservoir. The migration resulted in development of the SE-trending east rift connector, a term we prefer instead of the upper east rift zone. The connector supplies magma to the ENE-trending rift zone from the summit storage complex but is not itself the site of significant magma storage or eruption.
The Koa‘e fault system merges into the southwest rift zone, which has been migrating southeastward for an uncertain period of time. Some magma that enters it passes from the summit reservoir complex through the southwest rift connector (seismic southwest rift zone), analogous to the east rift connector. Both connectors reflect the response of magma-transport pathways to asymmetric volcano spreading away from a relatively fixed summit magma reservoir.
The ENE structural grain of the Koa‘e fault system and east rift zone pervades Kīlauea’s entire edifice. Most eruptions take place along this trend. The major exception is the southwest rift zone, which may reflect the stresses of Mauna Loa spreading and the Ka‘ōiki fault system. The dominant ENE grain emphasizes the importance of SSE-directed volcano spreading in controlling most of Kīlauea’s tectonic and eruptive behavior.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(11)","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D., Fiske, R.S., Thornber, C., and Poland, M.P., 2019, Dikes in the Koaʻe fault system, and the Koaʻe-east rift zone structural grain at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii, chap. 11 of Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson, v. 538, p. 247-274, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(11).","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"247","endPage":"274","ipdsId":"IP-087195","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467925,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(11)","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.47508239746094,\n 19.19186565046399\n ],\n [\n -155.0507354736328,\n 19.19186565046399\n ],\n [\n -155.0507354736328,\n 19.517081099413964\n ],\n [\n -155.47508239746094,\n 19.517081099413964\n ],\n [\n -155.47508239746094,\n 19.19186565046399\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":229682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":793899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fiske, Richard S.","contributorId":229675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fiske","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thornber, Carl 0000-0002-6382-4408 cthornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-4408","contributorId":167396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornber","given":"Carl","email":"cthornber@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70211338,"text":"70211338 - 2019 - Communication strategy of the U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory during the lava-flow crisis of 2014–2015, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-27T14:47:11.266516","indexId":"70211338","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T09:34:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"16","displayTitle":"Communication strategy of the U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory during the lava-flow crisis of 2014–2015, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","title":"Communication strategy of the U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory during the lava-flow crisis of 2014–2015, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"In 2014–2015, a slow-moving pāhoehoe lava flow from the remote Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō vent on Kīlauea Volcano advanced 20 km into populated areas of the Puna District on the Island of Hawai‘i. The staff of the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) mobilized their resources to closely monitor the flow and provide up-to-date information to the Hawai‘i County Civil Defense (HCCD) agency, the public, and the news media. Scientists issued formal USGS notifications about the flow and Kīlauea’s two eruptions, prepared maps and annotated photographs, infrared images, and videos for dissemination online, and wrote weekly “Volcano Watch” articles for local newspapers. They also provided regular briefings for federal, state, and county agency representatives, answered questions during near-daily briefings with local and national media, and offered information through an established lecture series and participation in community emergency preparedness fairs. Noteworthy among the communication activities was a series of public meetings organized by the Hawai‘i County mayor’s office and led by the HCCD administrator. The meetings were a regular forum for many HVO scientists to talk directly and frequently with residents, business owners, elected officials, and other stakeholders about their concerns, the evolving status of the eruptions, and the uncertain prognosis of the flow’s advance and extent. The dialogue was essential for HVO staff to describe their observations and insights about the lava flow’s behavior and to gain credibility with the community during the crisis. This experience suggests that personal engagement with people at risk from future lava flows in Hawai‘i and elsewhere in the world will remain a crucial part of an eruption response, even with greater capability to disseminate warnings and information digitally via the Internet.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(16)","usgsCitation":"Brantley, S., Kauahikaua, J.P., Babb, J., Orr, T.R., Patrick, M.R., Poland, M.P., Trusdell, F., and Oliveira, D., 2019, Communication strategy of the U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory during the lava-flow crisis of 2014–2015, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, chap. 16 of Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson, v. 538, p. 351-373, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(16).","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"351","endPage":"373","ipdsId":"IP-086599","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(16)","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376709,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.56022644042966,\n 19.2093737828249\n ],\n [\n -154.79461669921875,\n 19.2093737828249\n ],\n [\n -154.79461669921875,\n 19.577905706819973\n ],\n [\n -155.56022644042966,\n 19.577905706819973\n ],\n [\n -155.56022644042966,\n 19.2093737828249\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brantley, Steven 0000-0002-2204-9484 srbrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2204-9484","contributorId":215605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brantley","given":"Steven","email":"srbrant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauahikaua, James P. 0000-0003-3777-503X jimk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-503X","contributorId":2146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"James","email":"jimk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Babb, Janet 0000-0002-0208-2674 jbabb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0208-2674","contributorId":196972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Babb","given":"Janet","email":"jbabb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orr, Tim R. 0000-0003-1157-7588 torr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-7588","contributorId":149803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim","email":"torr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Patrick, Matthew R. 0000-0002-8042-6639 mpatrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-6639","contributorId":2070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Matthew","email":"mpatrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Trusdell, Frank A. 0000-0002-0681-0528 trusdell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0681-0528","contributorId":754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"Frank A.","email":"trusdell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Oliveira, Darryl","contributorId":229681,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oliveira","given":"Darryl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":793910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70261214,"text":"70261214 - 2019 - Geochemical evolution of Keanakāko‘i Tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-03T14:26:29.56245","indexId":"70261214","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T09:18:58","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geochemical evolution of Keanakāko‘i Tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"The Keanakāko‘i Tephra was deposited from 1500 to ca. 1820 CE, when Kīlauea’s magmatic output was ~2% of the average output during historical times (post–1823 CE). The tephra consists of deposits from numerous phreatomagmatic and phreatic eruptions, three episodes of high lava fountains, and one lava. Fresh glass is available from most tephra units. Major elements and trace elements were determined for glass from 49 tephra units and three pretephra lavas. Olivine crystals from 11 high-MgO tephra glasses were also analyzed. These results were compared to compositions from Kīlauea’s historical period to evaluate ~500 yr of Kīlauea geochemical evolution. Keanakāko‘i Tephra glass composition ranged widely (e.g., 3.4–11.2 wt% MgO). The observed large variations in FeO, CaO, TiO2, and K2O at a given MgO indicate numerous compositionally distinct parental magmas, with the two early nineteenth-century pumice eruptions showing the most diverse compositions. These two magmas were erupted on opposite sides of the caldera and probably tapped different magma bodies. The common occurrence of high-MgO olivine compositions (forsterite [Fo] 88%–89%) in MgO-rich tephra glasses indicates that primitive magma (Mg# 73–74) was routinely supplied to Kīlauea’s summit. Wide ranges and reverse zoning in olivine core compositions from some units show that magma mixing occurred before some eruptions. Modeling of compositional variations within Keanakāko‘i Tephra units using alphaMELTS showed that the most consistent trends for crystal fractionation involved shallow magma (1–2 km), with low water content (0.2 wt% in parental magma) and oxygen fugacity just below the quartz-fayalite-magnetite (QFM) buffer (–0.5 log units). Keanakāko‘i Tephra glasses have lower La/Yb and Nb/Y ratios than historical Kīlauea lavas. Low ratios have been observed during periods of high magma output for historical lava, which is inconsistent with the low magma output at Kīlauea’s summit during 1500–1820 CE. The most likely explanation for this inconsistency is endogenous growth within Kīlauea during this period, following formation of the modern summit caldera. No correlation was found between glass chemistry and eruption style for Keanakāko‘i Tephra deposits. Glass samples from many explosive units have lower Nb/Y and La/Yb ratios compared to glass from high lava-fountain units and historical effusive eruptions. The explosive character of Keanakāko‘i Tephra eruptions was probably caused by interaction of magma with shallow or surface water.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(09)","usgsCitation":"Garcia, M., Mucek, A.E., Lynn, K., Swanson, D., and Norman, M.D., 2019, Geochemical evolution of Keanakāko‘i Tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, chap. of Field volcanology: A tribute to the distinguished career of Don Swanson, v. 538, p. 203-225, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(09).","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"225","ipdsId":"IP-088795","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":464628,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.31531936949776,\n 19.45294073344536\n ],\n [\n -155.31531936949776,\n 19.351253042452157\n ],\n [\n -155.18215845732087,\n 19.351253042452157\n ],\n [\n -155.18215845732087,\n 19.45294073344536\n ],\n [\n -155.31531936949776,\n 19.45294073344536\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919988,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, Michael O","contributorId":215129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"O","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919989,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camp, Victor E.","contributorId":236848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919990,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grunder, Anita L.","contributorId":194549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunder","given":"Anita","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":919991,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, M.O.","contributorId":346802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"M.O.","affiliations":[{"id":48709,"text":"University of Hawai`i","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mucek, Adonara E.","contributorId":346803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mucek","given":"Adonara","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lynn, Kendra J.","contributorId":346804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynn","given":"Kendra J.","affiliations":[{"id":82969,"text":"iversity of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":229682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":919927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Norman, Marc D.","contributorId":344700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norman","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16807,"text":"Australian National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70200872,"text":"sir20185151 - 2019 - Hydrogeology of Lower Amargosa Valley and groundwater discharge to the Amargosa Wild and Scenic River, Inyo and San Bernardino Counties, California, and adjacent areas in Nye and Clark Counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-07T15:16:00","indexId":"sir20185151","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-07T08:40:55","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5151","title":"Hydrogeology of Lower Amargosa Valley and groundwater discharge to the Amargosa Wild and Scenic River, Inyo and San Bernardino Counties, California, and adjacent areas in Nye and Clark Counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"In 2009, Congress designated certain reaches of the Amargosa River in Inyo County, California between the town of Shoshone and Dumont Dunes as a Wild and Scenic River. As part of the management of the Amargosa Wild and Scenic River, the Bureau of Land Management cooperated with the U.S. Geological Survey to assess the surface and groundwater resources of the Tecopa basin. Groundwater is the primary source of water to the perennial reaches of the Amargosa River. The U.S. Geological Survey studied the surface and groundwater systems in the basin, and assessed the sources and volume of groundwater discharging into the perennial reaches of the Amargosa Wild and Scenic River.
The springs within the Tecopa basin (and the greater Lower Amargosa Valley Hydrographic Area) can be generally grouped by spring type and geographic location. There are four types of groundwater discharge points in the Tecopa basin—regional carbonate-rock springs and seeps, Tecopa Hills springs and seeps, thermal springs and seeps, and Amargosa Canyon hillslope springs and seeps. Results of chemical analysis indicate that water from all of these springs in the Lower Amargosa Valley and particularly in the Tecopa basin, is sourced in the carbonate-rock aquifer, with a local component of recharge. Groundwater is recharged in the Spring Mountains and moves through and around the Nopah and Resting Spring Ranges and into the Tecopa basin. A small (less than 1 cubic foot per second [ft3/s] or 500 acre‑feet per year) component of flow from the Amargosa Desert moves through the river channel alluvium and basin fill from the north.
The location and type of spring appear to be controlled by the geology and geologic structure of the Lower Amargosa Valley. The regional springs (such as Shoshone and Borax Springs) and associated seeps tend to occur along the west side of the basin whereas other carbonate-rock aquifer springs discharge from adjacent mountain ranges, such as the Resting Spring Range, and as a result of low-permeability barriers, such as the Tecopa Hills. The thermal springs and seeps discharge from an area near the town of Tecopa, California. The Amargosa Canyon hillslope springs and seeps discharge directly into the river. Salt-crusted soils adjacent to the river indicate additional areas of diffuse discharge where groundwater is being evaporated.
Perennial flow in the main channel of the Amargosa River appears to originate in an area of thermal springs near Tecopa. Persistent groundwater-fed pools begin to appear along the river channel just to the south of the Tecopa Hills. Flow between these pools is evident, but difficult to measure. During the synoptic seepage measurement survey in February 2014, flow in the Amargosa River at the Tecopa streamgage (U.S. Geological Survey site 10251300, Amargosa River at Tecopa, California) was approximately 1 ft3/s. Just to the south of the Tecopa streamgage, a line of cooler water springs (the Amargosa Canyon hillslope springs) emerges east of the river channel and continues for approximately 1 mile along the Amargosa Canyon wall. At the end of the spring reach, the flow in the river increased to just over 4 ft3/s. Flow then decreased to approximately 3 ft3/s at the confluence of Willow Creek, approximately 3.5 miles downstream. Downstream from the confluence of Willow Creek, the river consistently loses water and was dry just north of Dumont Dunes during the February 2014 synoptic seepage measurement survey.
Remotely monitoring changes in central U.S. grasslands is challenging because these landscapes tend to respond quickly to disturbances and changes in weather. Such dynamic responses influence nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas contributions, habitat availability for wildlife, and other ecosystem processes and services. Traditionally, coarse-resolution satellite data acquired at daily intervals have been used for monitoring. Recently, the harmonized Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 (HLS) data increased the temporal frequency of the data. Here we investigated if the increased data frequency provided adequate observations to characterize highly dynamic grassland processes. We evaluated HLS data available for 2016 to (1) determine if data from Sentinel-2 contributed to an improvement in characterizing landscape processes over Landsat-8 data alone, and (2) quantify how observation frequency impacted results. Specifically, we investigated into estimating annual vegetation phenology, detecting burn scars from fire, and modeling within-season wetland hydroperiod and growth of aquatic vegetation. We observed increased sensitivity to the start of the growing season (SOST) with the HLS data. Our estimates of the grassland SOST compared well with ground estimates collected at a phenological camera site. We used the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm to assess if the HLS data improved our detection of burn scars following grassland fires and found that detection was considerably influenced by the seasonal timing of the fires. The grassland burned in early spring recovered too quickly to be detected as change events by CCDC; instead, the spectral characteristics following these fires were incorporated as part of the ongoing time-series models. In contrast, the spectral effects from late-season fires were detected both by Landsat-8 data and HLS data. For wetland-rich areas, we used a modified version of the CCDC algorithm to track within-season dynamics of water and aquatic vegetation. The addition of Sentinel-2 data provided the potential to build full time series models to better distinguish different wetland types, suggesting that the temporal density of data was sufficient for within-season characterization of wetland dynamics. Although the different data frequency, in both the spatial and temporal dimensions, could cause inconsistent model estimation or sensitivity sometimes; overall, the temporal frequency of the HLS data improved our ability to track within-season grassland dynamics and improved results for areas prone to cloud contamination. The results suggest a greater frequency of observations, such as from harmonizing data across all comparable Landsat and Sentinel sensors, is still needed. For our study areas, at least a 3-day revisit interval during the early growing season (weeks 14–17) is required to provide a >50% probability of obtaining weekly clear observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs11030328","usgsCitation":"Zhou, Q., Rover, J., Brown, J.F., Worstell, B.B., Howard, D., Wu, Z., Gallant, A.L., Rundquist, B., and Burke, M., 2019, Monitoring landscape dynamics in central U.S. grasslands with harmonized Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 time series data: Remote Sensing, v. 11, no. 3, 328, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030328.","productDescription":"328, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104526","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030328","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n 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chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A new perspective on the 19th century golden pumice deposit of Kilauea volcano","docAbstract":"The golden pumice deposit (unit K1) represents one of the latest episodes of Hawaiian fountaining in the Keanakāko‘i Tephra and is the product of the first high fountaining eruption at Kīlauea summit in ~300 yr, since the caldera formed in ca. 1500 CE. We present a new physical characterization of the deposit based on over 200 field sites, all affected by severe erosion, alteration, and silicic encrusting. We detail the deposit geometry, stratigraphic and structural relationships, and componentry to constrain its volume and reconstruct the eruptive sequence. The deposit is then discussed and set against other young episodes of high fountaining at Kīlauea.
We interpret the golden pumice as the product of a days-long eruptive sequence with a source located inside a caldera much deeper than that of today. The eruption probably started along a NE-SW–oriented fissure and migrated toward a single vent in the southwestern part of the caldera, where at least two high Hawaiian-style fountains produced a tephra deposit of ~6 × 106 m3. Stratigraphic contacts reveal that erosion occurred not only between, but also during the fountaining episodes, suggesting heavy rainfall during deposition. Field observations during this study also led to the discovery of the first stratigraphic evidence that the eastern pumice postdates the golden pumice, which contributes to the new definition of the stratigraphy of the Keanakāko‘i Tephra presented in this volume.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field Volcanology: A Tribute to the Distinguished Career of Don Swanson","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2538(10)","usgsCitation":"Biass, S., Swanson, D., and Houghton, B.F., 2019, A new perspective on the 19th century golden pumice deposit of Kilauea volcano, chap. of Field Volcanology: A Tribute to the Distinguished Career of Don Swanson, v. 538, p. 227-246, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2538(10).","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"246","ipdsId":"IP-088169","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":464627,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.31292752524547,\n 19.45502623491619\n ],\n [\n -155.31292752524547,\n 19.39548460880674\n ],\n [\n -155.21913756133694,\n 19.39548460880674\n ],\n [\n -155.21913756133694,\n 19.45502623491619\n ],\n [\n -155.31292752524547,\n 19.45502623491619\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"538","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":920106,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, Michael O.","contributorId":225524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920107,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camp, Victor E.","contributorId":236848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920108,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grunder, Anita L.","contributorId":194549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunder","given":"Anita","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":920109,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Biass, Sebastien","contributorId":331324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biass","given":"Sebastien","affiliations":[{"id":25472,"text":"University of Geneva","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":229682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":919942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70202020,"text":"70202020 - 2019 - Predicting the initial spread of novel Asian origin influenza A viruses in the continental USA by wild waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T12:36:43","indexId":"70202020","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-06T16:20:12","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3849,"text":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the initial spread of novel Asian origin influenza A viruses in the continental USA by wild waterfowl","docAbstract":"Using data on waterfowl band recoveries, we identified spatially explicit hotspots of concentrated waterfowl movement to predict occurrence and spatial spread of a novel influenza A virus (clade 2.3.4.4) introduced from Asia by waterfowl from an initial outbreak in North America in November 2014. In response to the outbreak, the hotspots of waterfowl movement were used to help guide sampling for clade 2.3.4.4 viruses in waterfowl as an early warning for the US poultry industry during the outbreak . After surveillance sampling of waterfowl, we tested whether there was greater detection of clade 2.3.4.4 viruses inside hotspots. We found that hotspots defined using kernel density estimates of waterfowl band recoveries worked well in predicting areas with higher prevalence of the viruses in waterfowl. This approach exemplifies the value of ecological knowledge in predicting risk to agricultural security.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/tbed.13070","usgsCitation":"Franklin, A.B., Bevins, S.N., Ellis, J.W., Miller, R.S., Shriner, S.A., Root, J.J., Walsh, D.P., and DeLiberto, T.J., 2019, Predicting the initial spread of novel Asian origin influenza A viruses in the continental USA by wild waterfowl: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, v. 66, no. 2, p. 705-714, https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13070.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"714","ipdsId":"IP-090306","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361065,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franklin, Alan B.","contributorId":101999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12434,"text":"USDA, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bevins, Sarah N.","contributorId":212845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bevins","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":36589,"text":"USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, Jeremy W.","contributorId":212846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellis","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36589,"text":"USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Ryan S.","contributorId":49005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shriner, Susan A.","contributorId":168690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shriner","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13407,"text":"Colorado State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Root, J. Jeffrey","contributorId":212847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Root","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[{"id":36589,"text":"USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walsh, Daniel P. 0000-0002-7772-2445 dwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-2445","contributorId":4758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Daniel","email":"dwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"DeLiberto, Thomas J.","contributorId":145606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeLiberto","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16167,"text":"7United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Disease Program, 4101 LaPorte Ave., Fort Collins, CO, United States of America.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70202024,"text":"70202024 - 2019 - A scale to characterize the strength and impacts of atmospheric rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-06T16:08:40","indexId":"70202024","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-06T16:08:36","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A scale to characterize the strength and impacts of atmospheric rivers","docAbstract":"Atmospheric rivers (ARs) play vital roles in the western United States and related regions globally, not only producing heavy precipitation and flooding, but also providing beneficial water supply. This paper introduces a scale for the intensity and impacts of ARs. Its utility may be greatest where ARs are the most impactful storm type and hurricanes, nor’easters, and tornadoes are nearly nonexistent. Two parameters dominate the hydrologic outcomes and impacts of ARs: vertically integrated water vapor transport (IVT) and AR duration [i.e., the duration of at least minimal AR conditions (IVT ≥ 250 kg m–1s–1)]. The scale uses an observed or predicted time series of IVT at a given geographic location and is based on the maximum IVT and AR duration at that point during an AR event. AR categories 1–5 are defined by thresholds for maximum IVT (3-h average) of 250, 500, 750, 1,000, and 1,250 kg m–1 s–1, and by IVT exceeding 250 kg m–1 s–1 continuously for 24–48 h. If the AR event duration is less than 24 h, it is downgraded by one category. If it is longer than 48 h, it is upgraded one category. The scale recognizes that weak ARs are often mostly beneficial because they can enhance water supply and snowpack, while stronger ARs can become mostly hazardous, for example, if they strike an area with antecedent conditions that enhance vulnerability, such as burn scars or wet conditions. Extended durations can enhance impacts. Short durations can mitigate impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0023.1","usgsCitation":"Ralph, F.M., Rutz, J.J., Cordeira, J.M., Dettinger, M.D., Anderson, M., Reynolds, D., Schick, L.J., and Smallcomb, C., 2019, A scale to characterize the strength and impacts of atmospheric rivers: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 100, p. 269-289, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0023.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"289","ipdsId":"IP-087000","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0023.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ralph, F. Martin","contributorId":150276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Martin","affiliations":[{"id":17953,"text":"Earth Systems Research Lab, NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rutz, Jonathan J.","contributorId":197886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutz","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cordeira, Jason M.","contributorId":197889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cordeira","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":149896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Michael","contributorId":148971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reynolds, David","contributorId":212855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":38693,"text":"Ret., National Weather Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schick, Lawrence J.","contributorId":212853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schick","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38692,"text":"Ret., US Army Corps of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Smallcomb, Christopher","contributorId":212854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smallcomb","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12788,"text":"National Weather Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70202025,"text":"70202025 - 2019 - Freshwater tidal forests and estuarine wetlands may confer early life growth advantages for delta-reared Chinook Salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T12:37:29","indexId":"70202025","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-06T16:04:09","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Freshwater tidal forests and estuarine wetlands may confer early life growth advantages for delta-reared Chinook Salmon","docAbstract":"Large river deltas are complex ecosystems that are believed to play a pivotal role in promoting the early marine growth and survival of threatened Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. We used a fish bioenergetics model to assess the functional role of multiple delta habitats across a gradient of salinities and vegetation types, where consumption and growth rate potential (GRP) were considered as proxies for habitat quality. We subsequently compared our model output to empirical, or realized, growth estimates from scale circuli. In terms of consumption, prey energy density (EDprey) was 46–86% higher in tidal freshwater forest than in any other habitat type, while estimated consumption rates (expressed as proportion of maximum daily consumption; Pcmax) were positively correlated with FL. These size‐related differences in Pcmax led to a noticeable increase along a freshwater‐to‐saline gradient from roughly 0.25 in tidal freshwater forest to 0.55 in the offshore subtidal zone, yet despite higher observed Pcmax values in nearshore and offshore habitats, the tidal freshwater forest and emergent salt marsh demonstrated the highest modeled GRP values. Similarly, realized growth rates for fish caught in tidal freshwater forest were up to 0.5% higher per day than for fish caught in the offshore area, but habitat‐level differences were overshadowed by allometry and rearing origin. Scales from unmarked fish (assumed to be of wild origin) indicated that they grew, on average, 11% faster than did hatchery fish; however, these differences were subtle and were more obvious at fork lengths <100 mm. Our results suggest that tidal forests and emergent marshes may offer early life growth advantages for wild Chinook Salmon, but that wild and hatchery fish can compensate as they move seaward by opportunistically consuming greater quantities of low‐energy density prey, taking advantage of pulses of larval forage fish, or by spending time in multiple interconnected habitat types.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10134","usgsCitation":"Davis, M.J., Woo, I., Ellings, C.S., Hodgson, S., Beauchamp, D.A., Nakai, G., and De La Cruz, S.E., 2019, Freshwater tidal forests and estuarine wetlands may confer early life growth advantages for delta-reared Chinook Salmon: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 148, no. 2, p. 289-307, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10134.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"307","ipdsId":"IP-103088","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"148","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Melanie J. 0000-0003-1734-7177","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-7177","contributorId":202773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woo, Isa 0000-0002-8447-9236 iwoo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-9236","contributorId":2524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woo","given":"Isa","email":"iwoo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellings, Christopher S.","contributorId":149343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellings","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17711,"text":"Dep't Natural Resources, Nisqually Indian Tribe, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hodgson, Sayre","contributorId":172121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodgson","given":"Sayre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26985,"text":"Nisqually Indian Tribe, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nakai, Glynnis","contributorId":172123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nakai","given":"Glynnis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26986,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Nisqually Nat'l Wildlife Refuge, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"De La Cruz, Susan E.W. 0000-0001-6315-0864","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-0864","contributorId":202774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La Cruz","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.W.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70207195,"text":"70207195 - 2019 - Landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria: Assessment of an extreme event in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T14:50:56","indexId":"70207195","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-06T14:49:15","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria: Assessment of an extreme event in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Hurricane Maria hit the island of Puerto Rico on 20 September 2017 and triggered more than 40,000 landslides in at least three-fourths of Puerto Rico’s 78 municipalities. The number of landslides that occurred during this event was two orders of magnitude greater than those reported from previous hurricanes. Landslide source areas were commonly limited to surficial soils but also extended into underlying saprolite and bedrock. Slope failures occurred before, during, and after flooding, and many transitioned into long runout debris flows. Steep slopes in hilly and mountainous regions were particularly impacted by landslides due to antecedent soil moisture levels that were 11%–13% higher than average and rainfall totals of at least 250 mm within a 48 h period. High landslide densities were especially widespread across some geologic formations (e.g., granodiorite of the Utuado batholith); however, bedrock geology alone did not determine the location and distribution of landslides caused by Hurricane Maria. While rainfall data collected during Hurricane Maria were inconsistent, satellite-based soil moisture data were correlated with the distribution of landslides. In the future, the use of soil moisture data could enable assessments of regional landslide susceptibility prior to hurricanes or extreme precipitation events.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GSATG383A.1","usgsCitation":"Bessette-Kirton, E., Cerovski-Darriau, C., Schulz, W.H., Coe, J.A., Kean, J.W., Godt, J.W., Thomas, M.A., and Hughes, K.S., 2019, Landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria: Assessment of an extreme event in Puerto Rico: GSA Today, v. 29, no. 6, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG383A.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-103814","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/gsatg383a.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370181,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.4725341796875,\n 17.84283252904802\n ],\n [\n -65.4510498046875,\n 17.84283252904802\n ],\n [\n -65.4510498046875,\n 18.60460138845525\n ],\n [\n -67.4725341796875,\n 18.60460138845525\n ],\n [\n -67.4725341796875,\n 17.84283252904802\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bessette-Kirton, Erin 0000-0002-2797-0694 ebessette-kirton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-0694","contributorId":177153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bessette-Kirton","given":"Erin","email":"ebessette-kirton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cerovski-Darriau, Corina 0000-0002-0543-0902","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-0902","contributorId":221159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cerovski-Darriau","given":"Corina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulz, William H. 0000-0001-9980-3580 wschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9980-3580","contributorId":942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"William","email":"wschulz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thomas, Matthew A. 0000-0002-9828-5539 matthewthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-5539","contributorId":200616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Matthew","email":"matthewthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hughes, K. Stephen","contributorId":221160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":38462,"text":"University of Puerto Rico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70202019,"text":"70202019 - 2019 - Field diagnostics and seasonality of Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola in wild snake populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-26T16:09:25","indexId":"70202019","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-06T12:16:42","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1443,"text":"EcoHealth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Field diagnostics and seasonality of Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola in wild snake populations","title":"Field diagnostics and seasonality of Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola in wild snake populations","docAbstract":"Snake fungal disease (SFD) is an emerging disease caused by the fungal pathogen, Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola. Clinical signs of SFD include dermal lesions, including regional and local edema, crusts, and ulcers. Snake fungal disease is widespread in the Eastern United States, yet there are limited data on how clinical signs of SFD compare with laboratory diagnostics. We compared two sampling methods for O. ophiodiicola, scale clip collection and swabbing, to evaluate whether collection method impacted the results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, we evaluated the use of clinical signs to predict the presence of O. ophiodiicola across seasons, snake habitat affiliation (aquatic or terrestrial) and study sites. We found no significant difference in PCR results between sampling methods. Clinical signs were a strong predictor of O. ophiodiicola presence in spring and summer seasons. Snakes occupying terrestrial environments had a lower overall probability of testing positive for O. ophiodiicolacompared to snakes occupying aquatic environments. Although our study indicates that both clinical signs of SFD and prevalence of O. ophiodiicola vary seasonally and based on habitat preferences of the host, our analysis suggests that clinical signs can serve as a reliable indicator of O. ophiodiicola presence, especially during spring and summer.
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We find no difference in the seasonal flux of the two chromotypes. Although flux of G. ruber is consistently lowest in winter, the flux‐weighted signal exported to marine sediments represents mean annual conditions in the surface mixed‐layer. We observe the same morphological diversity among pink specimens of G. ruber as white. Comparison of the oxygen and carbon isotopic composition (δ18O and δ13C) of two morphotypes (sensu stricto and sensu lato) of pink G. ruber reveals the isotopes to be indistinguishable. The test size distribution within the population varies seasonally, with the abundance of large individuals increasing (decreasing) with increasing (decreasing) sea surface temperature (SST). We find no systematic offsets in the Mg/Ca and δ18O of co‐occurring pink and white G. ruber. The sediment trap data set shows that the Mg/Ca‐temperature sensitivity for both chromotypes is much lower than the canonical 9% per °C, which can likely be attributed to the secondary influence of both salinity and pH on foraminiferal Mg/Ca. Using paired Mg/Ca and δ18O we evaluate the performance of a suite of published equations for calculating SST, sea surface salinity (SSS) and isotopic composition of seawater (δ18Osw), including a new salinity‐δ18Oswrelationship for the northern Gulf of Mexico from water column observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2018PA003417","usgsCitation":"Richey, J.N., Thirumalai, K., Khider, D., Reynolds, C., Partin, J.W., and Quinn, T.M., 2019, Considerations for Globigerinoides ruber (white and pink) paleoceanography: Comprehensive insights from a long‐running sediment trap: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, v. 34, no. 3, p. 353-373, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003417.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"373","ipdsId":"IP-098817","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460495,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018pa003417","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KK7UD6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Globigerinoides ruber Sediment Trap Data in the Gulf of Mexico"},{"id":361245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richey, Julie N. 0000-0002-2319-7980 jrichey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2319-7980","contributorId":174046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richey","given":"Julie","email":"jrichey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thirumalai, Kaustubh","contributorId":127444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thirumalai","given":"Kaustubh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6732,"text":"Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Khider, Deborah","contributorId":213111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khider","given":"Deborah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13249,"text":"University of Southern California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reynolds, Caitlin E. 0000-0002-1724-3055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1724-3055","contributorId":204634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Caitlin E.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Partin, Judson W.","contributorId":203459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Partin","given":"Judson","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36624,"text":"Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, J. J. Pickle Research Campus, Building 196, 10100 Burnet Road (R2200), Austin, Texas 78758, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Quinn, Terrence M.","contributorId":82949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"Terrence","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6732,"text":"Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70211537,"text":"70211537 - 2019 - Controls on lava lake level at Halema‘uma‘u Crater, Kīlauea Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-30T15:31:11.586072","indexId":"70211537","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-06T10:27:42","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on lava lake level at Halema‘uma‘u Crater, Kīlauea Volcano","docAbstract":"The height of the lava column is a fundamental measure of open-vent volcanic activity, but little continuous long-term data exist to understand this parameter. The recent (2008-2018) lava lake activity at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano provides a unique opportunity to track and understand the processes that control lava level over timescales ranging from minutes to years. We review recently published data as well as analyze the long-term record of lava level at Kīlauea’s summit during 2009-2017. Longer timescale fluctuations, over days to months, have a strong positive linear correlation with ground deformation, suggesting they reflect pressure changes in the summit magma reservoir. Shorter timescale fluctuations, over minutes to hours, have an inverse relationship with spattering (i.e. outgassing) intensity at the lake surface – increased outgassing lowers the lake level and vice versa. Our analysis of the long-term lava level data thus confirms that lava level at Halemaʻumaʻu is controlled by these two types of processes: 1) those related to magma reservoir pressure changes (such as magma supply rate) and 2) shallow outgassing fluctuations (such as gas pistoning). Frequency filtering can isolate pressure- and outgassing-driven components of lava level change. Time series analysis indicates that there was no large, persistent periodicity in the lava level; a minor fortnightly oscillation might be related to Earth tides but was not continuously present. The remarkable correlation between lava level and deformation of the summit indicates that the lava lake acts as a reliable “piezometer”; tracking lava level over time may thus provide an indication of flank eruptive potential. We show that long-term interdisciplinary monitoring is necessary to discriminate the processes that control lava level.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-019-1268-y","usgsCitation":"Patrick, M.R., Swanson, D., and Orr, T.R., 2019, Controls on lava lake level at Halema‘uma‘u Crater, Kīlauea Volcano: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 81, 13, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-019-1268-y.","productDescription":"13, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-093457","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.42358398437497,\n 19.141276144722184\n ],\n [\n -155.1214599609375,\n 19.21391262405755\n ],\n [\n -155.0006103515625,\n 19.298182590865377\n ],\n [\n -154.99099731445312,\n 19.46141299683288\n ],\n [\n -155.42358398437497,\n 19.454938719968585\n ],\n [\n -155.42358398437497,\n 19.141276144722184\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"81","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patrick, Matthew R. 0000-0002-8042-6639 mpatrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-6639","contributorId":2070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Matthew","email":"mpatrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":229682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":794567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orr, Tim R. 0000-0003-1157-7588 torr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-7588","contributorId":149803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim","email":"torr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70261228,"text":"70261228 - 2019 - The rupture process of the 2018 Mw 6.9 Hawaiʻi earthquake as imaged by a genetic algorithm-based back-projection technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-02T14:51:48.726046","indexId":"70261228","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-06T08:47:35","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The rupture process of the 2018 Mw 6.9 Hawaiʻi earthquake as imaged by a genetic algorithm-based back-projection technique","docAbstract":"An episode of unrest began at Kīlauea in April 2018 that produced both significant volcanic output and high rates of seismicity, including a Mw 6.9 earthquake on 4 May 2018. In this study, we image the rupture process of this earthquake using a genetic algorithm-based back-projection technique. The dominant feature of the earthquake is a slowly propagating western rupture, which shares similar characteristics with the region's largest recorded event in 1975 (Mw 7.7). The location of this western segment suggests that small asperities on this section of the décollement that frequently fail as slow slip events may achieve seismic slip rates when rupture is initiated on adjacent sections of the fault. Given the interaction between volcanic and seismic activity in this region, imaging the rupture properties of these events can improve our understanding of future geologic hazards in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018GL080397","usgsCitation":"Kehoe, H., Kiser, E., and Okubo, P.G., 2019, The rupture process of the 2018 Mw 6.9 Hawaiʻi earthquake as imaged by a genetic algorithm-based back-projection technique: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 46, no. 5, p. 2467-2474, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080397.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2467","endPage":"2474","ipdsId":"IP-104608","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/633581","text":"External Repository"},{"id":464622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.61353687195438,\n 19.560289625446117\n ],\n [\n -155.61353687195438,\n 19\n ],\n [\n -154.92053130189146,\n 19\n ],\n [\n -154.92053130189146,\n 19.560289625446117\n ],\n [\n -155.61353687195438,\n 19.560289625446117\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kehoe, Haiyang","contributorId":346840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kehoe","given":"Haiyang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kiser, Eric","contributorId":140928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kiser","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13619,"text":"Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Okubo, Paul G. 0000-0002-0381-6051 pokubo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":2730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"Paul","email":"pokubo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":919983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}