One of the goals of the Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) recovery plan is to expand panther range north of the Caloosahatchee River in central Florida. Our objective was to evaluate the potential of that region to support panthers. We used a geographic information system and the Mahalanobis distance statistic to develop a habitat model based on landscape characteristics associated with panther home ranges. We used cross-validation and an independent telemetry data set to test the habitat model. We also conducted a least-cost path analysis to identify potential habitat linkages and to provide a relative measure of connectivity among habitat patches. Variables in our model were paved road density, major highways, human population density, percentage of the area permanently or semipermanently flooded, and percentage of the area in natural land cover. Our model clearly identified habitat typical of that found within panther home ranges based on model testing with recent telemetry data. We identified 4 potential translocation sites that may support a total of approximately 36 panthers. Although we identified potential habitat linkages, our least-cost path analyses highlighted the extreme isolation of panther habitat in portions of the study area. Human intervention will likely be required if the goal is to establish female panthers north of the Caloosahatchee in the near term.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","doi":"10.1644/08-MAMM-A-219.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Thatcher, C., Van Manen, F., and Clark, J.D., 2009, A habitat assessment for Florida panther population expansion into central Florida: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 90, no. 4, p. 918-925, https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-219.1.","startPage":"918","endPage":"925","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476325,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/08-mamm-a-219.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215126,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-219.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.803955078125,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -82.584228515625,\n 29.1233732108192\n ],\n [\n -82.298583984375,\n 29.104176683949984\n ],\n [\n -82.001953125,\n 29.075375179558346\n ],\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -81.7822265625,\n 29.305561325527698\n ],\n [\n -81.62841796875,\n 29.401319510041485\n ],\n [\n -81.45263671875,\n 29.46829664171322\n ],\n [\n -81.18896484375,\n 29.477861195816843\n ],\n [\n -80.980224609375,\n 29.334298230315675\n ],\n [\n -80.67260742187499,\n 28.738763971370293\n ],\n [\n -80.48583984375,\n 28.497660832963472\n ],\n [\n -80.5078125,\n 28.17855984939698\n ],\n [\n -80.2001953125,\n 27.42053815128712\n ],\n [\n -79.98046875,\n 27.039556602163195\n ],\n [\n -79.95849609375,\n 26.401710528707707\n ],\n [\n -80.04638671875,\n 25.750424835909385\n ],\n [\n -80.244140625,\n 25.512700007620513\n ],\n [\n -80.39794921875,\n 25.21488107113259\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 25.11544539706194\n ],\n [\n -80.9912109375,\n 25.055745117015316\n ],\n [\n -81.221923828125,\n 25.11544539706194\n ],\n [\n -81.221923828125,\n 25.37380917154398\n ],\n [\n -81.34277343749999,\n 25.572175556682115\n ],\n [\n -81.441650390625,\n 25.770213848960275\n ],\n [\n -81.771240234375,\n 25.78999956287362\n ],\n [\n -81.903076171875,\n 26.125850185680356\n ],\n [\n -82.012939453125,\n 26.362342068998764\n ],\n [\n -82.298583984375,\n 26.441065564038418\n ],\n [\n -82.33154296875,\n 26.755420897359123\n ],\n [\n -82.628173828125,\n 27.196014383173306\n ],\n [\n -82.7490234375,\n 27.527758206861886\n ],\n [\n -82.90283203125,\n 27.732160709580906\n ],\n [\n -82.94677734375,\n 27.98470011861268\n ],\n [\n -82.85888671875,\n 28.246327971048842\n ],\n [\n -82.79296874999999,\n 28.44937385955666\n ],\n [\n -82.7490234375,\n 28.632746799225856\n ],\n [\n -82.77099609375,\n 28.767659105691255\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 28.93124697186731\n ],\n [\n -82.869873046875,\n 29.05616970274342\n ],\n [\n -82.803955078125,\n 29.152161283318915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e416e4b0c8380cd463d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thatcher, C.A. 0000-0003-0331-071X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-071X","contributorId":13425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":450056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Manen, F.T.","contributorId":45241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Manen","given":"F.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, J. D.","contributorId":85911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035292,"text":"70035292 - 2009 - A prototype feature system for feature retrieval using relationships","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035292","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1191,"text":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A prototype feature system for feature retrieval using relationships","docAbstract":"Using a feature data model, geographic phenomena can be represented effectively by integrating space, theme, and time. This paper extends and implements a feature data model that supports query and visualization of geographic features using their non-spatial and temporal relationships. A prototype feature-oriented geographic information system (FOGIS) is then developed and storage of features named Feature Database is designed. Buildings from the U.S. Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina and subways in Chicago, Illinois are used to test the developed system. The results of the applications show the strength of the feature data model and the developed system 'FOGIS' when they utilize non-spatial and temporal relationships in order to retrieve and visualize individual features.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1559/152304009789786353","issn":"15230406","usgsCitation":"Choi, J., and Usery, E., 2009, A prototype feature system for feature retrieval using relationships: Cartography and Geographic Information Science, v. 36, no. 4, p. 331-345, https://doi.org/10.1559/152304009789786353.","startPage":"331","endPage":"345","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215098,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1559/152304009789786353"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e520e4b0c8380cd46b37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choi, J.","contributorId":42741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Usery, E.L.","contributorId":45355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035284,"text":"70035284 - 2009 - Large area scene selection interface (LASSI): Methodology of selecting landsat imagery for The Global Land Survey 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T16:14:14","indexId":"70035284","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large area scene selection interface (LASSI): Methodology of selecting landsat imagery for The Global Land Survey 2005","docAbstract":"The Global Land Survey (GLS) 2005 is a cloud-free, orthorec-tified collection of Landsat imagery acquired during the 2004 to 2007 epoch intended to support global land-cover and ecological monitoring. Due to the numerous complexities in selecting imagery for the GLS2005, NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) sponsored the development of an automated scene selection tool, the Large Area Scene Selection Interface (LASSI), to aid in the selection of imagery for this data set. This innovative approach to scene selection applied a user-defined weighting system to various scene parameters: image cloud cover, image vegetation greenness, choice of sensor, and the ability of the Landsat-7 Scan Line Corrector (SLC)-off pair to completely fill image gaps, among others. The parameters considered in scene selection were weighted according to their relative importance to the data set, along with the algorithm’s sensitivity to that weight. This paper describes the methodology and analysis that established the parameter weighting strategy, as well as the post-screening processes used in selecting the optimal data set for GLS2005.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ingenta","doi":"10.14358/PERS.75.11.1287","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Franks, S., Masek, J.G., Headley, R., Gasch, J., and Arvidson, T., 2009, Large area scene selection interface (LASSI): Methodology of selecting landsat imagery for The Global Land Survey 2005: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 75, no. 11, p. 1287-1296, https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.75.11.1287.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1287","endPage":"1296","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476185,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.75.11.1287","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4476e4b0c8380cd66b20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franks, S.","contributorId":40803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franks","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masek, J. G.","contributorId":105883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masek","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Headley, R.M.K.","contributorId":10245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Headley","given":"R.M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gasch, J.","contributorId":87388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gasch","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arvidson, T.","contributorId":35147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036086,"text":"70036086 - 2009 - Characterization of Mars' seasonal caps using neutron spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036086","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of Mars' seasonal caps using neutron spectroscopy","docAbstract":"Mars' seasonal caps are characterized during Mars years 26 and 27 (April 2002 to January 2006) using data acquired by the 2001 Mars Odyssey Neutron Spectrometer. Time-dependent maps of the column abundance of seasonal CO 2 surface ice poleward of 60?? latitude in both hemispheres are determined from spatially deconvolved, epithermal neutron counting data. Sources of systematic error are analyzed, including spatial blurring by the spectrometer's broad footprint and the seasonal variations in the abundance of noncondensable gas at high southern latitudes, which are found to be consistent with results reported by Sprague et al. (2004, 2007). Corrections for spatial blurring are found to be important during the recession, when the column abundance of seasonal CO2 ice has the largest latitude gradient. The measured distribution and inventory of seasonal CO2 ice is compared to simulations by a general circulation model (GCM) calibrated using Viking lander pressure data, cap edge functions determined by thermal emission spectroscopy, and other nuclear spectroscopy data sets. On the basis of the amount of CO2 cycled through the caps during years 26 and 27, the gross polar energy balance has not changed significantly since Viking. The distribution of seasonal CO2 ice is longitudinally asymmetric: in the north, deposition rates of CO2 ice are elevated in Acidalia, which is exposed to katabatic winds from Chasma Borealis; in the south, CO2 deposition is highest near the residual cap. During southern recession, CO 2 ice is present longer than calculated by the GCM, which has implications for the local polar energy balance. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JE003275","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Prettyman, T., Feldman, W.C., and Titus, T., 2009, Characterization of Mars' seasonal caps using neutron spectroscopy: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 114, no. 8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JE003275.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476203,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008je003275","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218540,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JE003275"},{"id":246561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4b8e4b0c8380cd4be92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prettyman, T.H.","contributorId":43147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prettyman","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feldman, W. C.","contributorId":40767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feldman","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Titus, T.N.","contributorId":102615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"T.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032305,"text":"70032305 - 2009 - USGS: Science at the intersection of land and ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70032305","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3363,"text":"Sea Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS: Science at the intersection of land and ocean","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey (USGS) conducts an ongoing national assessment of coastal change hazards in order to help protect lives and support management of coastal infrastructure and resources. The research group rapidly gathers to investigate coastal changes along the Gulf Coast's sandy beaches after each hurricane to examine the magnitude and variability of impacts. This investigation helps to protect the environment and the American people by preparing maps that show the extreme coastal change. It also posts online video and still photography and LIDAR (light detection and ranging) survey data after each storm, to provide a clear picture of the devastated area. The USGS provides data to understand changing coastal vulnerabilities so that informed decisions can be made to protect disaster affected areas and its resources. Earth scientists in the USGS are learning more about coastal dynamics, determining changes, and improving the ability to forecast how coastal environments will respond to the next storm.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sea Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00933","usgsCitation":"Myers, M., 2009, USGS: Science at the intersection of land and ocean: Sea Technology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 18-21.","startPage":"18","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbbf3e4b08c986b32891d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, M.D.","contributorId":82539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70035264,"text":"70035264 - 2009 - Hierarchical spatial genetic structure of Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) breeding along a migratory corridor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T22:21:30","indexId":"70035264","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical spatial genetic structure of Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) breeding along a migratory corridor","docAbstract":"Documentation of spatial genetic discordance among breeding populations of Arctic-nesting avian species is important, because anthropogenic change is altering environmental linkages at micro- and macrogeographic scales. We estimated levels of population subdivision within Pacific Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum) breeding on 12 barrier islands in the western Beaufort Sea, Alaska, using molecular markers and capture—mark—recapture (CMR) data. Common Eider populations were genetically structured on a microgeographic scale. Regional comparisons between populations breeding on island groups separated by 90 km (Mikkelsen Bay and Simpson Lagoon) revealed structuring at 14 microsatellite loci (F ST = 0.004, P < 0.01), a nuclear intron (F ST = 0.022, P = 0.02), and mitochondrial DNA (ΦST = 0.082, P < 0.05). The CMR data (n = 34) did not indicate female dispersal between island groups. Concordance between genetic and CMR data indicates that females breeding in the western Beaufort Sea are strongly philopatric to island groups rather than to a particular island. Despite the apparent high site fidelity of females, coalescence-based models of gene flow suggest that asymmetrical western dispersal occurs between island groups and is likely mediated by Mikkelsen Bay females stopping early on spring migration at Simpson Lagoon to breed. Alternatively, late-arriving females may be predisposed to nest in Simpson Lagoon because of the greater availability and wider distribution of nesting habitat. Our results indicate that genetic discontinuities, mediated by female philopatry, can exist at microgeographic scales along established migratory corridors.
There is a critical need in U.S. public aquaculture and fishery management for an approved sedative that allows for the immediate release of fish after sedation. AQUI-STM is a fish anesthetic/sedative approved for use in several countries and until recently was being developed in the U.S. as a sedative for immediate release of fish after sedation. The U.S. National Toxicology Program reported that isoeugenol (the active ingredient in AQUI-STM) exposed male mice showed clear evidence of carcinogenicity, therefore efforts within the U.S. Department of Interior to develop AQUI-STM as a sedative that allows for immediate release ceased. Despite the ruling, AQUI-STM still has the potential to be approved as an anesthetic with a short withdrawal time. Among the data required to gain approval for use in the U.S. are data describing the composition and depletion of all AQUI-STM residues from fish fillet tissue. A total residue depletion study for AQUI-STM was conducted by exposing market-sized rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (mean weight, 502.7 ± 54 g; s.d.) to 8.9 mg/L of 14C-[URL]-isoeugenol for 60 min in 17 °C water. The 14C-[URL]-isoeugenol was mixed with a surfactant resulting in a mixture that mimicked AQUI-STM. Groups of fish (n = 6) were sampled immediately after the exposure (0-h sample group) and at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h thereafter. Total isoeugenol-equivalent residue concentrations in the fillet tissue were determined by oxidizing triplicate subsamples of homogenized skin-on fillet tissue from each fish to 14CO2 and enumerating the radioactivity by static liquid scintillation counting. Isoeugenol concentrations in fillet tissue were determined by extracting homogenized fillet tissue with solvents and determining the isoeugenol concentrations in the extracts with high performance liquid chromatography techniques. The mean total isoeugenol-equivalent residue concentrations in the 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4-h sample groups were 55.4, 32.0, 19.8, 11.3, and 4.9 µg/g, respectively. The primary chemical residue in fillet tissue from all exposed fish was isoeugenol. The mean isoeugenol concentrations in the 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4-h sample groups were 48.9, 26.5, 15.3, 7.2, and 2.2 µg/g, respectively. The percents of the total radioactivity classified as isoeugenol in the 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4-h tissue extracts were 95, 73, 73, 64, and 48%, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.08.022","issn":"00448486","usgsCitation":"Meinertz, J.R., and Schreier, T.M., 2009, Depletion of isoeugenol residues from the fillet tissue of AQUI-S™ exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Aquaculture, v. 296, no. 3-4, p. 200-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.08.022.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"206","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215157,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.08.022"}],"volume":"296","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feb2e4b0c8380cd4ee92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meinertz, Jeffery R. 0000-0002-8855-2648 jmeinertz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8855-2648","contributorId":2495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meinertz","given":"Jeffery","email":"jmeinertz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schreier, Theresa M. 0000-0001-7722-6292 tschreier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7722-6292","contributorId":3344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreier","given":"Theresa","email":"tschreier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035255,"text":"70035255 - 2009 - Rocky Mountain evolution: Tying Continental Dynamics of the Rocky Mountains and Deep Probe seismic experiments with receiver functions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70035255","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rocky Mountain evolution: Tying Continental Dynamics of the Rocky Mountains and Deep Probe seismic experiments with receiver functions","docAbstract":"In this study, we have determined the crustal structure using three different receiver function methods using data collected from the northern transect of the Continental Dynamics of the Rocky Mountains (CD-ROM) experiment. The resulting migrated image and crustal thickness determinations confirm and refine prior crustal thickness measurements based on the CD-ROM and Deep Probe experiment data sets. The new results show a very distinct and thick lower crustal layer beneath the Archean Wyoming province. In addition, we are able to show its termination at 42??N latitude, which provides a seismic tie between the CD-ROM and Deep Probe seismic experiments and thus completes a continuous north-south transect extending from New Mexico into Alberta, Canada. This new tie is particularly important because it occurs close to a major tectonic boundary, the Cheyenne belt, between an Archean craton and a Proterozoic terrane. We used two different stacking techniques, based on a similar concept but using two different ways to estimate uncertainties. Furthermore, we used receiver function migration and common conversion point (CCP) stacking techniques. The combined interpretation of all our results shows (1) crustal thinning in southern Wyoming, (2) strong northward crustal thickening beginning in central Wyoming, (3) the presence of an unusually thick and high-velocity lower crust beneath the Wyoming province, and (4) the abrupt termination of this lower crustal layer north of the Cheyenne belt at 42??N latitude. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005726","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Rumpfhuber, E., Keller, G.R., Sandvol, E., Velasco, A., and Wilson, D., 2009, Rocky Mountain evolution: Tying Continental Dynamics of the Rocky Mountains and Deep Probe seismic experiments with receiver functions: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005726.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215517,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005726"},{"id":243328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae23e4b0c8380cd87028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rumpfhuber, E.-M.","contributorId":55231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumpfhuber","given":"E.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keller, Gordon R.","contributorId":90280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sandvol, E.","contributorId":101476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandvol","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Velasco, A.A.","contributorId":101894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velasco","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, D.C.","contributorId":22599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70035249,"text":"70035249 - 2009 - Megablocks and melt pockets in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure constrained by magnetic field measurements and properties of the Eyreville and Cape Charles cores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035249","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Megablocks and melt pockets in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure constrained by magnetic field measurements and properties of the Eyreville and Cape Charles cores","docAbstract":"We use magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetization measurements of the Eyreville and Cape Charles cores in combination with new and previously collected magnetic field data in order to constrain structural features within the inner basin of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure. The Eyreville core shows the first evidence of several-hundred-meter-thick basement-derived megablocks that have been transported possibly kilometers from their pre-impact location. The magnetic anomaly map of the structure exhibits numerous short-wavelength (<2 km) variations that indicate the presence of magnetic sources within the crater fill. With core magnetic properties and seismic reflection and refraction results as constraints, forward models of the magnetic field show that these sources may represent basementderived megablocks that are a few hundred meters thick or melt bodies that are a few dozen meters thick. Larger-scale magnetic field properties suggest that these bodies overlie deeper, pre-impact basement contacts between materials with different magnetic properties such as gneiss and schist or gneiss and granite. The distribution of the short-wavelength magnetic anomalies in combination with observations of small-scale (1-2 mGal) gravity field variations suggest that basement-derived megablocks are preferentially distributed on the eastern side of the inner crater, not far from the Eyreville core, at depths of around 1-2 km. A scenario where additional basement-derived blocks between 2 and 3 km depth are distributed throughout the inner basin-and are composed of more magnetic materials, such as granite and schist, toward the east over a large-scale magnetic anomaly high and less magnetic materials, such as gneiss, toward the west where the magnetic anomaly is lower-provides a good model fi t to the observed magnetic anomalies in a manner that is consistent with both gravity and seismic-refraction data. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2458(10)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Shah, A., Daniels, D.L., Kontny, A., and Brozena, J., 2009, Megablocks and melt pockets in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure constrained by magnetic field measurements and properties of the Eyreville and Cape Charles cores: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 458, p. 195-208, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(10).","startPage":"195","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215425,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(10)"},{"id":243231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"458","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5385e4b0c8380cd6cb3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shah, A. K. 0000-0002-3198-081X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":101789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"A. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daniels, D. L.","contributorId":69114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kontny, A.","contributorId":80919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kontny","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brozena, J.","contributorId":67714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brozena","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035245,"text":"70035245 - 2009 - Field camp: Using traditional methods to train the next generation of petroleum geologists","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035245","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field camp: Using traditional methods to train the next generation of petroleum geologists","docAbstract":"The summer field camp experience provides many students with their best opportunity to learn the scientific process by making observations and collecting, recording, evaluating, and interpreting geologic data. Field school projects enhance student professional development by requiring cooperation and interpersonal interaction, report writing to communicate interpretations, and the development of project management skills to achieve a common goal. The field school setting provides students with the opportunity to observe geologic features and their spatial distribution, size, and shape that will impact the student's future careers as geoscientists. The Les Huston Geology Field Camp (a.k.a. Oklahoma Geology Camp) near Ca??on City, Colorado, focuses on time-tested traditional methods of geological mapping and fieldwork to accomplish these goals. The curriculum consists of an introduction to field techniques (pacing, orienteering, measuring strike and dip, and using a Jacob's staff), sketching outcrops, section measuring (one illustrating facies changes), three mapping exercises (of increasing complexity), and a field geophysics project. Accurate rock and contact descriptions are emphasized, and attitudes and contacts are mapped in the field. Mapping is done on topographic maps at 1:12,000 and 1:6000 scales; air photos are provided. Global positioning system (GPS)-assisted mapping is allowed, but we insist that locations be recorded in the field and confirmed using visual observations. The course includes field trips to the Cripple Creek and Leadville mining districts, Floris-sant/Guffey volcano area, Pikes Peak batholith, and the Denver Basin. Each field trip is designed to emphasize aspects of geology that are not stressed in the field exercises. Students are strongly encouraged to accurately describe geologic features and gather evidence to support their interpretations of the geologic history. Concise reports are a part of each major exercise. Students are grouped into teams to (1) introduce the team concept and develop interpersonal skills that are fundamental components of many professions, (2) ensure safety, and (3) mix students with varying academic backgrounds and physical strengths. This approach has advantages and disadvantages. Students with academic strengths in specific areas assist those with less experience, thereby becoming engaged in the teaching process. However, some students contribute less to fi nal map projects than others, and assigning grades to individual team members can be diffi cult. The greatest challenges we face involve group dynamics and student personalities. We continue to believe that traditional fi eld methods, aided by (but not relying upon) new technologies, are the key to constructing and/or interpreting geologic maps. The requirement that students document fi eld evidence using careful observations teaches skills that will be benefi cial throughout their professional careers. ??2009 The Geological Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2461(03)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Puckette, J., and Suneson, N., 2009, Field camp: Using traditional methods to train the next generation of petroleum geologists: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 461, p. 25-34, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2461(03).","startPage":"25","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215368,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2461(03)"},{"id":243165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"461","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0fa6e4b0c8380cd53981","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puckette, J.O.","contributorId":87386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckette","given":"J.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Suneson, N.H.","contributorId":96110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suneson","given":"N.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035243,"text":"70035243 - 2009 - Soil and nutrient retention in winter-flooded ricefields with implications for watershed management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035243","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil and nutrient retention in winter-flooded ricefields with implications for watershed management","docAbstract":"The ability of water resources to support aquatic life and human needs depends, in part, on reducing nonpoint source pollution amid contemporary agricultural practices. Winter retention of shallow water on rice and other agricultural fields is an accepted management practice for wildlife conservation; however, soil and water conservation benefits are not well documented. We evaluated the ability of four post-harvest ricefield treatment combinations (stubble-flooded, stubble-open, disked-flooded and disked-open) to abate nonpoint source exports into watersheds of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley. Total suspended solid exports were 1,121 kg ha-1 (1,000 lb ac-1) from disked-open fields where rice stubble was disked after harvest and fields were allowed to drain, compared with 35 kg ha-1 (31 lb ac-1) from stubble-flooded fields where stubble was left standing after harvest and fields captured rainfall from November 1 to March 1. Estimates of total suspended solid exports from ricefields based on Landsat imagery and USDA crop data are 0.43 and 0.40 Mg km-2 day-1 in the Big Sunflower and L'Anguille watersheds, respectively. Estimated reductions in total suspended solid exports from ricefields into the Big Sunflower and L'Anguille water-sheds range from 26% to 64% under hypothetical scenarios in which 65% to 100% of the rice production area is managed to capture winter rainfall. Winter ricefield management reduced nonpoint source export by decreasing concentrations of solids and nutrients in, and reducing runoff volume from, ricefields in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2489/jswc.64.3.173","issn":"00224561","usgsCitation":"Manley, S., Kaminski, R., Rodrigue, P., Dewey, J., Schoenholtz, S., Gerard, P., and Reinecke, K.J., 2009, Soil and nutrient retention in winter-flooded ricefields with implications for watershed management: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 64, no. 3, p. 173-182, https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.3.173.","startPage":"173","endPage":"182","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215336,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.3.173"},{"id":243131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91e9e4b08c986b319b96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manley, S.W.","contributorId":13716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manley","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaminski, R.M.","contributorId":53330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminski","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodrigue, P.B.","contributorId":98559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodrigue","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dewey, J.C.","contributorId":7100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schoenholtz, S.H.","contributorId":60178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenholtz","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gerard, P.D.","contributorId":16368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerard","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reinecke, K. J.","contributorId":54537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70035229,"text":"70035229 - 2009 - Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-26T14:57:57","indexId":"70035229","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":780,"text":"Annales Geophysicae","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007","title":"Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007","docAbstract":"A revised version of the storm-time disturbance index Dst is calculated using hourly-mean magnetic-observatory data from four standard observatories and collected over the years 1958-2007. The calculation algorithm is a revision of that established by Sugiura et al., and which is now used by the Kyoto World Data Center for routine production of Dst. The most important new development is for the removal of solar-quiet variation. This is done through time and frequency-domain band-stop filtering - selectively removing specific Fourier terms approximating stationary periodic variation driven by the Earth's rotation, the Moon's orbit, the Earth's orbit around the Sun, and their mutual coupling. The resulting non-stationary disturbance time series are weighted by observatory-site geomagnetic latitude and then averaged together across longitudes to give what we call Dst5807-4SH. Comparisons are made with the standard Kyoto D st. Various biases, especially for residual solar-quiet variation, are identified in the Kyoto Dst, and occasional storm-time errors in the Kyoto Dst are noted. Using Dst5807-4SH, storms are ranked for maximum storm-time intensity, and we show that storm-occurrence frequency follows a power-law distribution with an exponential cutoff. The epicycles of magnetic disturbance are explored: we (1) map low-latitude local-time disturbance asymmetry, (2) confirm the 27-day storm-recurrence phenomenon using autocorrelation, (3) investigate the coupled semi-annual-diurnal variation of magnetic activity and the proposed explanatory equinoctial and Russell-McPherron hypotheses, and (4) illustrate the well-known solar-cycle modulation of storm-occurrence likelihood. Since Dst5807-4SH is useful for a variety of space physics and solid-Earth applications, it is made freely available to the scientific community.","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/angeo-27-3101-2009","issn":"09927689","usgsCitation":"Love, J., and Gannon, J., 2009, Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007: Annales Geophysicae, v. 27, no. 8, p. 3101-3131, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-3101-2009.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"3101","endPage":"3131","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476154,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-3101-2009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269212,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-3101-2009"}],"volume":"27","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaca8e4b0c8380cd86d93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, J.J.","contributorId":66626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gannon, J.L.","contributorId":78275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannon","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035222,"text":"70035222 - 2009 - Migration patterns and wintering range of common loons breeding in the Northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70035222","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration patterns and wintering range of common loons breeding in the Northeastern United States","docAbstract":"A study, using satellite telemetry, was conducted to determine the precise migration patterns and wintering locations of Common Loons (Gavia immer) breeding in the northeastern United States. Transmitters were implanted in 17 loons (16 adults and one juvenile) that were captured on breeding lakes in New York, New Hampshire, and Maine during the summers of 2003, 2004, and 2005. Transmitters from ten of the birds provided adequate location data to document movement to wintering areas. Most adult loons appeared to travel non-stop from breeding lakes, or neighboring lakes (within 15 km), to the Atlantic coast. Adult loons marked in New Hampshire and Maine wintered 152 to 239 km from breeding lakes, along the Maine coast. Adult loons marked in the Adirondack Park of New York wintered along the coasts of Massachusetts (414 km from breeding lake), Rhode Island (362 km), and southern New Jersey (527 km). Most of the loons remained relatively stationary throughout the winter, but the size of individual wintering areas of adult loons ranged from 43 to 1,159 km 2, based on a 95% fixed kernel utilization distribution probability. A juvenile bird from New York made a number of stops at lakes and reservoirs en route to Long Island Sound (325 km from breeding lake). Maximum functional life of transmitters was about 12 months, providing an opportunity to document spring migration movements as well. This work provides essential information for development and implementation of regional Common Loon conservation strategies in the Northeastern U.S.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/063.032.0204","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Kenow, K., Adams, D., Schoch, N., Evers, D., Hanson, W., Yates, D., Savoy, L., Fox, T., Major, A., Kratt, R., and Ozard, J., 2009, Migration patterns and wintering range of common loons breeding in the Northeastern United States: Waterbirds, v. 32, no. 2, p. 234-247, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.032.0204.","startPage":"234","endPage":"247","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215516,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.032.0204"},{"id":243327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5714e4b0c8380cd6da3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenow, K.P.","contributorId":18302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, D.","contributorId":22963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoch, N.","contributorId":18196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoch","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evers, D.C.","contributorId":36501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evers","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanson, W.","contributorId":19797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yates, D.","contributorId":42391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Savoy, L.","contributorId":28448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoy","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fox, T.J.","contributorId":50477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Major, A.","contributorId":9846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kratt, R.","contributorId":100998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratt","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ozard, J.","contributorId":32006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ozard","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70035221,"text":"70035221 - 2009 - Pliocene three-dimensional global ocean temperature reconstruction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035221","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1250,"text":"Climate of the Past","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pliocene three-dimensional global ocean temperature reconstruction","docAbstract":"The thermal structure of the mid-Piacenzian ocean is obtained by combining the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping Project (PRISM3) multiproxy sea-surface temperature (SST) reconstruction with bottom water temperature estimates from 27 locations produced using Mg/Ca paleothermometry based upon the ostracod genus Krithe. Deep water temperature estimates are skewed toward the Atlantic Basin (63% of the locations) and represent depths from 1000m to 4500 m. This reconstruction, meant to serve as a validation data set as well as an initialization for coupled numerical climate models, assumes a Pliocene water mass framework similar to that which exists today, with several important modifications. The area of formation of present day North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) was expanded and extended further north toward the Arctic Ocean during the mid-Piacenzian relative to today. This, combined with a deeper Greenland-Scotland Ridge, allowed a greater volume of warmer NADW to enter the Atlantic Ocean. In the Southern Ocean, the Polar Front Zone was expanded relative to present day, but shifted closer to the Antarctic continent. This, combined with at least seasonal reduction in sea ice extent, resulted in decreased Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) production (relative to present day) as well as possible changes in the depth of intermediate waters. The reconstructed mid-Piacenzian three-dimensional ocean was warmer overall than today, and the hypothesized aerial extent of water masses appears to fit the limited stable isotopic data available for this time period. ?? Author(s) 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climate of the Past","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"18149324","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H., Robinson, M., and Foley, K., 2009, Pliocene three-dimensional global ocean temperature reconstruction: Climate of the Past, v. 5, no. 4, p. 769-783.","startPage":"769","endPage":"783","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c80e4b0c8380cd79a07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, H.J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":87924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, M.M.","contributorId":56263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foley, K.M.","contributorId":41846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035216,"text":"70035216 - 2009 - Improving accessibility to geospatial data using geographic search","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035216","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Improving accessibility to geospatial data using geographic search","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"2009 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2009","conferenceTitle":"2009 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2009","conferenceDate":"12 August 2009 through 14 August 2009","conferenceLocation":"Fairfax, VA","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/GEOINFORMATICS.2009.5293479","isbn":"9781424445639","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., Allison, M., and Kozman, J., 2009, Improving accessibility to geospatial data using geographic search, in 2009 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2009, Fairfax, VA, 12 August 2009 through 14 August 2009, https://doi.org/10.1109/GEOINFORMATICS.2009.5293479.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215456,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/GEOINFORMATICS.2009.5293479"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3970e4b0c8380cd61910","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, J.E.","contributorId":14768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allison, M.L.","contributorId":87739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allison","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kozman, J.B.","contributorId":23780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozman","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035215,"text":"70035215 - 2009 - Comparison with CLPX II airborne data using DMRT model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035215","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparison with CLPX II airborne data using DMRT model","docAbstract":"In this paper, we considered a physical-based model which use numerical solution of Maxwell Equations in three-dimensional simulations and apply into Dense Media Radiative Theory (DMRT). The model is validated in two specific dataset from the second Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX II) at Alaska and Colorado. The data were all obtain by the Ku-band (13.95GHz) observations using airborne imaging polarimetric scatterometer (POLSCAT). Snow is a densely packed media. To take into account the collective scattering and incoherent scattering, analytical Quasi-Crystalline Approximation (QCA) and Numerical Maxwell Equation Method of 3-D simulation (NMM3D) are used to calculate the extinction coefficient and phase matrix. DMRT equations were solved by iterative solution up to 2nd order for the case of small optical thickness and full multiple scattering solution by decomposing the diffuse intensities into Fourier series was used when optical thickness exceed unity. It was shown that the model predictions agree with the field experiment not only co-polarization but also cross-polarization. For Alaska region, the input snow structure data was obtain by the in situ ground observations, while for Colorado region, we combined the VIC model to get the snow profile. ??2009 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","conferenceTitle":"2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2009","conferenceDate":"12 July 2009 through 17 July 2009","conferenceLocation":"Cape Town","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2009.5418025","isbn":"9781424433957","usgsCitation":"Xu, X., Liang, D., Andreadis, K., Tsang, L., and Josberger, E., 2009, Comparison with CLPX II airborne data using DMRT model, in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), v. 2, Cape Town, 12 July 2009 through 17 July 2009, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2009.5418025.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215455,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2009.5418025"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8bfe4b0c8380cd4d287","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, X.","contributorId":55166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liang, D.","contributorId":66483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andreadis, K.M.","contributorId":8294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreadis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tsang, L.","contributorId":43950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Josberger, E.G.","contributorId":61161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70035761,"text":"70035761 - 2009 - Negligible influence of spatial autocorrelation in the assessment of fire effects in a mixed conifer forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035761","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Negligible influence of spatial autocorrelation in the assessment of fire effects in a mixed conifer forest","docAbstract":"Fire is an important feature of many forest ecosystems, although the quantification of its effects is compromised by the large scale at which fire occurs and its inherent unpredictability. A recurring problem is the use of subsamples collected within individual burns, potentially resulting in spatially autocorrelated data. Using subsamples from six different fires (and three unburned control areas) we show little evidence for strong spatial autocorrelation either before or after burning for eight measures of forest conditions (both fuels and vegetation). Additionally, including a term for spatially autocorrelated errors provided little improvement for simple linear models contrasting the effects of early versus late season burning. While the effects of spatial autocorrelation should always be examined, it may not always greatly influence assessments of fire effects. If high patch scale variability is common in Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forests, even following more than a century of fire exclusion, treatments designed to encourage further heterogeneity in forest conditions prior to the reintroduction of fire will likely be unnecessary.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fire Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.0502116","issn":"19339747","usgsCitation":"van Mantgem, P.J., and Schwilk, D., 2009, Negligible influence of spatial autocorrelation in the assessment of fire effects in a mixed conifer forest: Fire Ecology, v. 5, no. 2, p. 116-125, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0502116.","startPage":"116","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476393,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0502116","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0502116"},{"id":244019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a643ce4b0c8380cd72948","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Mantgem, P. J.","contributorId":73527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwilk, D.W.","contributorId":29770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwilk","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035200,"text":"70035200 - 2009 - Mesohaline submerged aquatic vegetation survey along the U.S. gulf of Mexico coast, 2001 and 2002: A salinity gradient approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-10T10:09:11","indexId":"70035200","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1873,"text":"Gulf of Mexico Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mesohaline submerged aquatic vegetation survey along the U.S. gulf of Mexico coast, 2001 and 2002: A salinity gradient approach","docAbstract":"Distribution of marine submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV; i.e., seagrass) in the northern Gulf of Mexico coast has been documented, but there are nonmarine submersed or SAV species occurring in estuarine salinities that have not been extensively reported. We sampled 276 SAV beds along the gulf coast in Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas in 2001 and 2002 in oligohaline to polyhaline (0 to 36 parts per thousand) waters to determine estuarine SAV species distribution and identify mesohaline SAV communities. A total of 20 SAV and algal species was identified and habitat characteristics such as salinity, water depth, pH, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and sediment composition were collected. Fourteen SAV species occurred two or more times in our samples. The most frequently occurring species was Ruppia maritima L. (n = 148), occurring in over half of SAV beds sampled. Eleocharis sp. (n = 47), characterized with an emergent rather than submerged growth form, was a common genus in the SAV beds sampled. A common marine species was Halodule wrightii Asch. (n = 36). Nonindigenous species Myriophyllum spicatum L. (n = 31) and Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle (n = 6) were present only in oligohaline water. Analyzing species occurrence and environmental characteristics using canonical correspondence and two-way indicator species analysis, we identify five species assemblages distinguished primarily by salinity and depth. Our survey increases awareness of nonmarine SAV as a natural resource in the gulf, and provides baseline data for future research.
","language":"English","publisher":"Dauphin Island Sea Lab","doi":"10.18785/goms.2701.02","issn":"1087688X","usgsCitation":"Merino, J., Carter, J., and Merino, S., 2009, Mesohaline submerged aquatic vegetation survey along the U.S. gulf of Mexico coast, 2001 and 2002: A salinity gradient approach: Gulf of Mexico Science, v. 27, no. 1, p. 9-20, https://doi.org/10.18785/goms.2701.02.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487250,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18785/goms.2701.02","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -81.6064453125,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -81.6064453125,\n 30.789036751261136\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 30.789036751261136\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 26.194876675795218\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5445e4b0c8380cd6cf25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merino, J.H.","contributorId":87748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merino","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, J. 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":81839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merino, S.L. 0000-0002-2834-2243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-2243","contributorId":31219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merino","given":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035199,"text":"70035199 - 2009 - Sedimentary constraints on late Quaternary lake-level fluctuations at Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035199","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary constraints on late Quaternary lake-level fluctuations at Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho","docAbstract":"A variety of sedimentological evidence was used to construct the lake-level history for Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, for the past ???25,000 years. Shorelines provide evidence of precise lake levels, but they are infrequently preserved and are poorly dated. For cored sediment similar to that in the modern lake, grain-size distributions provide estimates of past lake depths. Sedimentary textures provide a highly sensitive, continuous record of lake-level changes, but the modern distribution of fabrics is poorly constrained, and many ancient features have no modern analog. Combining the three types of data yields a more robust lake-level history than can be obtained from any one type alone. When smooth age-depth models are used, lake-level curves from multiple cores contain inconsistent intervals (i.e., one record indicates a rising lake level while another record indicates a falling lake level). These discrepancies were removed and the multiple records were combined into a single lake-level curve by developing age-depth relations that contain changes in deposition rate (i.e., gaps) where indicated by sedimentological evidence. The resultant curve shows that, prior to 18 ka, lake level was stable near the modern level, probably because the lake was overflowing. Between ca. 17.5 and 15.5 ka, lake level was ???40 m below the modern level, then fluctuated rapidly throughout the post-glacial interval. Following a brief rise centered ca. 15 ka ( = Raspberry Square phase), lake level lowered again to 15-20 m below modern from ca. 14.8-11.8 ka. This regression culminated in a lowstand to 40 m below modern ca. 12.5 ka, before a rapid rise to levels above modern ca. 11.5 ka. Lake level was typically lower than present throughout the Holocene, with pronounced lowstands 15-20 m below the modern level ca. 10-9, 7.0, 6.5-4.5, 3.5, 3.0-2.5, 2.0, and 1.5 ka. High lake levels near or above the modern lake occurred ca. 8.5-8.0, 7.0-6.5, 4.5-3.5, 2.5, and 0.7 ka. This lake-level history is more similar to records from Pyramid Lake, Nevada, and Owens Lake, California, than to those from Lake Bonneville, Utah. Copyright ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2450(12)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Smoot, J.P., and Rosenbaum, J.G., 2009, Sedimentary constraints on late Quaternary lake-level fluctuations at Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 450, p. 263-290, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2450(12).","startPage":"263","endPage":"290","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215184,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2450(12)"},{"id":242966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"450","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8a18e4b08c986b317021","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smoot, J. P.","contributorId":65878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenbaum, J. G.","contributorId":96685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035191,"text":"70035191 - 2009 - Age, geochemical composition, and distribution of Oligocene ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: Implications for landscape morphology, elevation, and drainage divide geography of the Nevadaplano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T16:20:20","indexId":"70035191","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age, geochemical composition, and distribution of Oligocene ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: Implications for landscape morphology, elevation, and drainage divide geography of the Nevadaplano","docAbstract":"To gain a better understanding of the topographic and landscape evolution of the Cenozoic Sierra Nevada and Basin and Range, we combine geochemical and isotopic age correlations with palaeoaltimetry data from widely distributed ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California. A sequence of Oligocene rhyolitic ignimbrites is preserved across the modern crest of the range and into the western foothills. Using trace and rare earth element geochemical analyses of volcanic glass, these deposits have been correlated to ignimbrites described and isotopically dated in the Walker Lane fault zone and in central Nevada (Henry et al., 2004, Geologic map of the Dogskin mountain quadrangle; Washoe County, Nevada; Faulds et al., 2005, Geology, v. 33, p. 505–508). Ignimbrite deposits were sampled within the northern Sierra Nevada and western Nevada, and four distinct geochemical compositions were identified. The majority of samples from within the northern Sierra Nevada have compositions similar to the tuffs of Axehandle Canyon or Rattlesnake Canyon, both likely sourced from the same caldera complex in either the Clan Alpine Mountains or the Stillwater Range, or to the tuff of Campbell Creek, sourced from the Desatoya Mountains caldera. New 40Ar/39Ar age determinations from these samples of 31.2, 30.9, and 28.7 Ma, respectively, support these correlations. Based on an Oligocene palinspastic reconstruction of the region, our results show that ignimbrites travelled over 200 km from their source calderas across what is now the crest of the Sierra Nevada, and that during that time, no drainage divide existed between the ignimbrite source calderas in central Nevada and sample locations 200 km to the west. Palaeoaltimetry data from Sierra Nevada ignimbrites, based on the hydrogen isotopic composition of hydration water in glass, reflect the effect of a steep western slope on precipitation and indicate that the area had elevations similar to the present-day range. These combined results suggest that source calderas were likely located in a region of high elevation to the east of the Oligocene Sierra Nevada, which had a steep western slope that allowed for the large extent and broad distribution of the ignimbrites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00206810902880370","issn":"00206814","usgsCitation":"Cassel, E.J., Calvert, A.T., and Graham, S.A., 2009, Age, geochemical composition, and distribution of Oligocene ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: Implications for landscape morphology, elevation, and drainage divide geography of the Nevadaplano: International Geology Review, v. 51, no. 7-8, p. 723-742, https://doi.org/10.1080/00206810902880370.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"723","endPage":"742","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-012618","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215089,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00206810902880370"}],"volume":"51","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8f6e4b0c8380cd47fef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cassel, Elizabeth J.","contributorId":198355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cassel","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calvert, Andrew T. 0000-0001-5237-2218 acalvert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2218","contributorId":2694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"Andrew","email":"acalvert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, Stephan A.","contributorId":45902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Stephan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035182,"text":"70035182 - 2009 - Spatial habitat use patterns of sea otters in coastal washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035182","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial habitat use patterns of sea otters in coastal washington","docAbstract":"Sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) movements, home range, and activity budgets were described from data collected during very-high-frequency radiotelemetry studies of 75 individuals on the outer coast of Washington State between 1992 and 1999. Sea otters were located at least once per week from 22 accessible sites along the coast. Over the 7-year study period, range expansion occurred from the core range north and east into the Strait of Juan de Fuca (SJF) as well as southward on the outer coast. Forty-three percent of the sea otters moved into the SJF at least once, most often in winter, using habitat that had not been occupied by sea otters since their extirpation 100 years ago. All sea otters spent portions of their time in the vicinity of Cape Alava, and many animals demonstrated consistent periodic seasonal shifts between specific portions of the coastline over several years. Ninety-five percent annual linear home ranges differed between sex and age classes. Adult males used the largest amount of coastline (50 km ?? 9 5D) and subadult females used the least (24 ?? 9 km). Both adult males and females demonstrated high seasonal periodicity in range use in summer and winter. Twenty-four-hour time budgets in the core portion of the range revealed on average sea otters spent 41% ?? 14% SD of the time foraging and 45% ?? 13% of the time resting (age and sex classes pooled). Adult and subadult female sea otters were most frequently found resting and foraging close to shore (< 1,000 m) and in shallow water (0-10 m), whereas adult and subadult males rested and foraged > 1,000 m offshore and at depths between 10 and 30 m. Given current rates of population growth and observed mobility, sea otters in Washington have high potential for range expansion into unoccupied habitat such as Grays Harbor, Willapa Bay, the SJF, or along Vancouver Island. ?? 2009 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/08-MAMM-A-338.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Laidre, K., Jameson, R., Gurarie, E., Jeffries, S., and Allen, H., 2009, Spatial habitat use patterns of sea otters in coastal washington: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 90, no. 4, p. 906-917, https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-338.1.","startPage":"906","endPage":"917","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476182,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/08-mamm-a-338.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215422,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-338.1"},{"id":243228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b947fe4b08c986b31ab16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laidre, K.L.","contributorId":88319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laidre","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jameson, R.J.","contributorId":56581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jameson","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gurarie, E.","contributorId":103487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurarie","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jeffries, S.J.","contributorId":26262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffries","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, H.","contributorId":59209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70035181,"text":"70035181 - 2009 - A multiscale analysis of coral reef topographic complexity using lidar-derived bathymetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T11:13:31.339903","indexId":"70035181","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multiscale analysis of coral reef topographic complexity using lidar-derived bathymetry","docAbstract":"Coral reefs represent one of the most irregular substrates in the marine environment. This roughness or topographic complexity is an important structural characteristic of reef habitats that affects a number of ecological and environmental attributes, including species diversity and water circulation. Little is known about the range of topographic complexity exhibited within a reef or between different reef systems. The objective of this study was to quantify topographic complexity for a 5-km x 5-km reefscape along the northern Florida Keys reef tract, over spatial scales ranging from meters to hundreds of meters. The underlying dataset was a 1-m spatial resolution, digital elevation model constructed from lidar measurements. Topographic complexity was quantified using a fractal algorithm, which provided a multi-scale characterization of reef roughness. The computed fractal dimensions (D) are a measure of substrate irregularity and are bounded between values of 2 and 3. Spatial patterns in D were positively correlated with known reef zonation in the area. Landward regions of the study site contain relatively smooth (D ≈ 2.35) flat-topped patch reefs, which give way to rougher (D ≈ 2.5), deep, knoll-shaped patch reefs. The seaward boundary contains a mixture of substrate features, including discontinuous shelf-edge reefs, and exhibits a corresponding range of roughness values (2.28 ≤ D ≤ 2.61).
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2112/SI53-002.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Zawada, D., and Brock, J.C., 2009, A multiscale analysis of coral reef topographic complexity using lidar-derived bathymetry: Journal of Coastal Research, no. Special issue 53, p. 6-15, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI53-002.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243227,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"Special issue 53","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e48fe4b0c8380cd46715","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zawada, D.G.","contributorId":8938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brock, J. C.","contributorId":36095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035170,"text":"70035170 - 2009 - Response of Halimeda to ocean acidification: Field and laboratory evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T15:10:56.535215","indexId":"70035170","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1012,"text":"Biogeosciences Discussions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of Halimeda to ocean acidification: Field and laboratory evidence","docAbstract":"Rising atmospheric pCO2 levels are changing ocean chemistry more dramatically now than in the last 20 million years. In fact, pHvalues of the open ocean have decreased by 0.1 since the 1800s and are predicted to decrease 0.1-0.4 globally in the next 90 years. Ocean acidification will affect fundamental geochemical and biological processes including calcification and carbonate sediment production. The west Florida shelf is a natural laboratory to examine the effects of ocean acidification on aragonite production by calcareous green algae. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of crystal morphology of calcifying organisms reveals ultrastructural details of calcification that occurred at different saturation states. Comparison of archived and recent specimens of calcareous green alga Halimeda spp. from the west Florida shelf, demonstrates crystal changes in shape and abundance over a 40+ year time span. Halimeda crystal data from apical sections indicate that increases in crystal concentration and decreases in crystal width occurred over the last 40+ years. Laboratory experiments using living specimens of Halimeda grown in environments with known pH values were used to constrain historical observations. Percentages of organic and inorganic carbon per sample weight of pooled species did not significantly change. However, individual species showed decreased inorganic carbon and increased organic carbon in more recent samples, although the sample sizes were limited. These results indicate that the effect of increased pCO 2 and decreased pH on calcification is reflected in the crystal morphology of this organism. More data are needed to confirm the observed changes in mass of crystal and organic carbon. ?? Author(s) 2009.","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bgd-6-4895-2009","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L.L., Knorr, P.O., and Hallock, P., 2009, Response of Halimeda to ocean acidification: Field and laboratory evidence: Biogeosciences Discussions, v. 6, no. 3, p. 4895-4918, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-4895-2009.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"4895","endPage":"4918","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-4895-2009","text":"External Repository"},{"id":423273,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa18e4b0c8380cd8613c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, L. L.","contributorId":71156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knorr, P. O.","contributorId":103485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knorr","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hallock, P.","contributorId":91263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hallock","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035159,"text":"70035159 - 2009 - Extraction of lidar-based dune-crest elevations for use in examining the vulnerability of beaches to inundation during hurricanes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T11:10:10.775401","indexId":"70035159","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extraction of lidar-based dune-crest elevations for use in examining the vulnerability of beaches to inundation during hurricanes","docAbstract":"The morphology of coastal sand dunes plays an important role in determining how a beach will respond to a hurricane. Accurate measurements of dune height and position are essential for assessing the vulnerability of beaches to extreme coastal change during future landfalls. Lidar topographic surveys provide rapid, accurate, high-resolution datasets for identifying the location, position, and morphology of coastal sand dunes over large stretches of coast. An algorithm has been developed for identification of the crest of the most seaward sand dune that defines the landward limit of the beach system. Based on changes in beach slope along cross-shore transects of lidar data, dune elevation and location can automatically be extracted every few meters along the coastline. Dune elevations in conjunction with storm-induced water levels can be used to predict the type of coastal response (e.g., beach erosion, dune erosion, overwash, or inundation) that may be expected during hurricane landfall. The vulnerability of the beach system at Fire Island National Seashore in New York to the most extreme of these changes, inundation, is assessed by comparing lidar-derived dune elevations to modeled wave setup and storm surge height. The vulnerability of the beach system to inundation during landfall of a Category 3 hurricane is shown to be spatially variable because of longshore variations in dune height (mean elevation = 5.44 m, standard deviation = 1.32 m). Hurricane-induced mean water levels exceed dune elevations along 70% of the coastal park, making these locations more vulnerable to inundation during a Category 3 storm.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2112/SI53-007.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Stockdon, H., Doran, K., and Sallenger, A.H., 2009, Extraction of lidar-based dune-crest elevations for use in examining the vulnerability of beaches to inundation during hurricanes: Journal of Coastal Research, no. Special Issue 53, p. 59-65, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI53-007.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"65","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242859,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"Special Issue 53","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e5ee4b0c8380cd53402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stockdon, H.F. 0000-0003-0791-4676","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":55992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"H.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doran, K.S. 0000-0001-8050-5727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-5727","contributorId":96497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"K.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sallenger, A. H. Jr.","contributorId":8818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}