{"pageNumber":"78","pageRowStart":"1925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":2263,"records":[{"id":1000240,"text":"1000240 - 1970 - Concentrations of trace elements in Great Lakes fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-14T15:29:06.873105","indexId":"1000240","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations of trace elements in Great Lakes fishes","docAbstract":"
The concentration of 15 trace elements was determined by activation analysis of samples of whole fish and fish livers from three of the Great Lakes: Michigan, Superior, and Erie. The average concentrations of 7 elements in 19 whole fish from 3 species were as follows: uranium, 3ppb (parts per billion); thorium, 6ppb; cobalt, 28ppb; cadmium, 94ppb; arsenic, 16ppb; chromium, 1ppm; and copper, 1.3ppm. The average concentrations of 8 elements in 40 liver samples from 10 species of fish were as follows: uranium, 2ppb; thorium, 2ppb; cobalt, 40ppb; copper, 9ppm; zinc, 30ppm; bromine, 0.4ppm; arsenic, 30ppb; and cadmium, 0.4ppm. Other elements observed in most of the samples were: antimony, 5100ppb; gold, 25ppb; lanthanum, 120ppb; rhenium, 0.55ppb; rubidium, 0.064ppm; and selenium, 0.12ppb.Trace element concentrations varied with species and lake. Uranium and thorium varied with species, but not for the same species from different lakes. The levels of copper, cobalt, zinc, and bromine varied little between species and lakes. The concentration of cadmium, arsenic, and chromium varied between species and with species between lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f70-072","usgsCitation":"Lucas, H.F., Edgington, D.N., and Colby, P.J., 1970, Concentrations of trace elements in Great Lakes fishes: Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 27, no. 4, p. 677-684, https://doi.org/10.1139/f70-072.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"677","endPage":"684","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.3310546875,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -84.4189453125,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -83.935546875,\n 43.16512263158296\n ],\n [\n -84.24316406249999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -83.8037109375,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n -81.38671875,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -79.189453125,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -77.255859375,\n 42.87596410238256\n ],\n [\n -75.673828125,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -76.025390625,\n 44.87144275016589\n ],\n [\n -78.31054687499999,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -79.716796875,\n 44.15068115978094\n ],\n [\n -80.85937499999999,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -80.37597656249999,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -78.8818359375,\n 45.058001435398275\n ],\n [\n -79.541015625,\n 46.34692761055676\n ],\n [\n -82.177734375,\n 46.98025235521883\n ],\n [\n -84.375,\n 47.60616304386874\n ],\n [\n -84.6826171875,\n 48.719961222646276\n ],\n [\n -86.2646484375,\n 49.06666839558117\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 49.49667452747045\n ],\n [\n -89.9560546875,\n 49.210420445650286\n ],\n [\n -92.548828125,\n 47.754097979680026\n ],\n [\n -92.900390625,\n 46.164614496897094\n ],\n [\n -91.58203125,\n 46.164614496897094\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -88.330078125,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -88.330078125,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -88.3740234375,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -87.7587890625,\n 41.343824581185686\n ],\n [\n -87.099609375,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -86.1328125,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -85.4296875,\n 42.5530802889558\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -84.8583984375,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -84.3310546875,\n 44.99588261816546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a48e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, Henry F. Jr.","contributorId":54561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"Henry","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edgington, David N.","contributorId":17195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgington","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colby, Peter J.","contributorId":89831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colby","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5658,"text":"pp498D - 1969 - Chemical properties of ground water and their corrosion and encrustation effects on wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T13:09:06","indexId":"pp498D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"498","chapter":"D","title":"Chemical properties of ground water and their corrosion and encrustation effects on wells","docAbstract":"

Well waters in Egypt, Nigeria, and West Pakistan were studied for their chemical properties and corrosive or encrusting behavior. From the chemical composition of the waters, reaction states with reference to equilibrium were tested for 29 possible coexisting oxides, carbonates, sulfides, and elements. Of the 29 solids considered, only calcite, CaCO3, and ferric hydroxide, Fe(OH)3, showed any correlation with the corrosiveness of the waters to mild steel (iron metal). All 39 of the waters tested were out of equilibrium with iron metal, but those waters in equilibrium or supersaturated with both calcite and ferric hydroxide were the least corrosive. Supersaturation with other solid phases apparently was unrelated to corrosion.

A number of solids may form surface deposits in wells and lead to decreased yields by fouling well intakes (screens and gravel packs) or increasing friction losses in casings. Calcite, CaCO3; ferric hydroxide, Fe(OH)3; magnetite, Fe3O4; siderite, FeCO3; hausmannite, Mn304 (tetragonal); manganese spinel, Mn3O4 (isometric); three iron sulfides mackinawite, FeS (tetragonal); greigite, Fe3S4 (isometric); and smythite, Fe3S4 (rhombohedral)-copper hydroxide, Co(OH)2; and manganese hydroxide, Mn(OH)2, were all at least tentatively identified in the deposits sampled.

Of geochemical interest is the demonstration that simple stable equilibrium models fail in nearly every case to predict compositions of water yielded by the wells studied. Only one stable phase (calcite) was found to exhibit behavior approximately predictable from stable equilibrium considerations. No other stable phase was found to behave as would be predicted from equilibrium considerations. All the solids found to precipitate (except calcite) are metastable in that they are not the least soluble phases possible in the systems studied.

In terms of metastable equilibrium, siderite and ferric hydroxide behave approximately as would be predicted from equilibrium considerations, but both are metastable and the presence of neither would be anticipated if only the most stable phases were considered. The behaviors of none of the other solids would be predictable from either stable or metastable equilibrium considerations. An unanswered problem raised by the study reported here is how, or by what paths, truly stable phases form if first precipitates are generally metastable.

The utility of the findings in well design and operation is in no way impaired by the general lack of equilibrium. Conditions leading to either corrosion (which is related to lack of supersaturation with protective phases), or encrustation (supersaturation with phases that were found to precipitate), or both, apparently can be identified. The application of the methods described can be of great importance in developing unexploited ground-water resources in that certain practical problems can be identified before extensive well construction and unnecessary well failure.

","largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology of aquifer systems","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp498D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Governments of Nigeria, the United Arab Republic, and West Pakistan, under the auspices of the United States Agency for International Development Studies of well waters from Nigeria, Egypt, and Pakistan","usgsCitation":"Barnes, I., and Clarke, F., 1969, Chemical properties of ground water and their corrosion and encrustation effects on wells: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 498, iv, p. D1-D58, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp498D.","productDescription":"iv, p. D1-D58","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":32162,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0498d/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.59 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":117859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0498d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Egypt, Nigeria, Pakistan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[34.9226,29.50133],[34.64174,29.09942],[34.42655,28.34399],[34.15451,27.8233],[33.92136,27.6487],[33.58811,27.97136],[33.13676,28.41765],[32.42323,29.85108],[32.32046,29.76043],[32.73482,28.70523],[33.34876,27.69989],[34.10455,26.14227],[34.47387,25.59856],[34.79507,25.03375],[35.69241,23.92671],[35.49372,23.75237],[35.52598,23.10244],[36.69069,22.20485],[36.86623,22],[32.9,22],[29.02,22],[25,22],[25,25.6825],[25,29.23865],[24.70007,30.04419],[24.95762,30.6616],[24.80287,31.08929],[25.16482,31.56915],[26.49533,31.58568],[27.45762,31.32126],[28.45048,31.02577],[28.91353,30.87005],[29.68342,31.18686],[30.09503,31.4734],[30.97693,31.55586],[31.68796,31.4296],[31.96041,30.9336],[32.19247,31.26034],[32.99392,31.02407],[33.7734,30.96746],[34.26544,31.21936],[34.9226,29.50133]]],[[[8.50029,4.77198],[7.46211,4.41211],[7.0826,4.46469],[6.69807,4.24059],[5.89817,4.26245],[5.3628,4.88797],[5.03357,5.6118],[4.32561,6.27065],[3.57418,6.2583],[2.6917,6.25882],[2.74906,7.87073],[2.72379,8.50685],[2.91231,9.13761],[3.22035,9.44415],[3.70544,10.06321],[3.60007,10.33219],[3.79711,10.73475],[3.57222,11.32794],[3.61118,11.66017],[3.68063,12.5529],[3.96728,12.95611],[4.10795,13.53122],[4.36834,13.74748],[5.44306,13.86592],[6.44543,13.49277],[6.82044,13.11509],[7.33075,13.09804],[7.80467,13.34353],[9.01493,12.82666],[9.52493,12.8511],[10.11481,13.27725],[10.70103,13.24692],[10.98959,13.38732],[11.5278,13.32898],[12.30207,13.03719],[13.08399,13.59615],[13.3187,13.55636],[13.99535,12.46157],[14.18134,12.48366],[14.57718,12.08536],[14.46819,11.90475],[14.41538,11.57237],[13.57295,10.79857],[13.30868,10.16036],[13.1676,9.64063],[12.95547,9.41777],[12.75367,8.71776],[12.21887,8.30582],[12.06395,7.79981],[11.83931,7.39704],[11.74577,6.98138],[11.05879,6.64443],[10.49738,7.05536],[10.11828,7.03877],[9.52271,6.45348],[9.23316,6.44449],[8.75753,5.47967],[8.50029,4.77198]]],[[[75.15803,37.13303],[75.8969,36.66681],[76.19285,35.8984],[77.83745,35.49401],[76.87172,34.65354],[75.75706,34.50492],[74.2402,34.74889],[73.74995,34.3177],[74.10429,33.44147],[74.45156,32.7649],[75.25864,32.27111],[74.40593,31.69264],[74.42138,30.97981],[73.45064,29.97641],[72.82375,28.96159],[71.77767,27.91318],[70.6165,27.9892],[69.51439,26.94097],[70.16893,26.49187],[70.28287,25.72223],[70.8447,25.2151],[71.04324,24.35652],[68.8426,24.35913],[68.17665,23.69197],[67.44367,23.94484],[67.14544,24.66361],[66.37283,25.42514],[64.53041,25.23704],[62.9057,25.21841],[61.49736,25.07824],[61.87419,26.23997],[63.31663,26.75653],[63.2339,27.21705],[62.75543,27.37892],[62.72783,28.25964],[61.77187,28.69933],[61.36931,29.30328],[60.87425,29.82924],[62.54986,29.31857],[63.55026,29.46833],[64.148,29.34082],[64.35042,29.56003],[65.04686,29.47218],[66.34647,29.88794],[66.38146,30.7389],[66.93889,31.30491],[67.68339,31.30315],[67.79269,31.58293],[68.55693,31.71331],[68.92668,31.62019],[69.31776,31.90141],[69.26252,32.50194],[69.68715,33.1055],[70.32359,33.35853],[69.93054,34.02012],[70.8818,33.98886],[71.15677,34.34891],[71.11502,34.73313],[71.61308,35.1532],[71.49877,35.65056],[71.26235,36.07439],[71.84629,36.50994],[72.92002,36.72001],[74.06755,36.83618],[74.57589,37.02084],[75.15803,37.13303]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Egypt\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e3daa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, Ivan","contributorId":56619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clarke, Frank Eldridge","contributorId":107255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"Frank Eldridge","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":6309,"text":"pp542G - 1969 - Effects of the earthquake of March 27, 1964, on various communities","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":6309,"text":"pp542G - 1969 - Effects of the earthquake of March 27, 1964, on various communities","indexId":"pp542G","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Effects of the earthquake of March 27, 1964, on various communities"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70048211,"text":"pp542 - 1969 - The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: Effects on communities","indexId":"pp542","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"title":"The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: Effects on communities"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70048211,"text":"pp542 - 1969 - The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: Effects on communities","indexId":"pp542","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"title":"The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: Effects on communities"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-28T19:46:13.571561","indexId":"pp542G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"542","chapter":"G","title":"Effects of the earthquake of March 27, 1964, on various communities","docAbstract":"

The 1964 earthquake caused wide-spread damage to inhabited places throughout more than 60,000 square miles of south-central Alaska. This report describes damage to all communities in the area except Anchorage, Whittier, Homer, Valdez, Seward, the communities of the Kodiak group of islands, and communities in the Copper River Basin; these were discussed in previous chapters of the Geological Survey's series of reports on the earthquake. At the communities discussed herein, damage resulted primarily from sea waves of diverse origins, displacements of the land relative to sea level, and seismic shaking. Waves took all of the 31 lives lost at those communities; physical damage was primarily from the waves and vertical displacements of the land relative to sea level.

\n
\n

Destructive waves of local origin struck during or immediately after the earthquake throughout much of Prince William Sound, the southern Kenai Peninsula, and the shores of Kenai Lake. In Prince William Sound, waves demolished all but one home at the native village of Chenega, destroyed homesites at Point Nowell and Anderson Bay, and caused varying amounts of damage to waterfront facilities at Sawmill Bay, Latouche, Port Oceanic, Port Nellie Juan, Perry Island, and western Port Valdez. The local waves, which ran up as high as 70 feet above tide level at Chenega and more than 170 feet in several uninhabited parts of the Sound, took nearly all of the lives lost by drowning at these communities. Destructive local waves that devastated shores of Anderson Bay and adjacent parts of western Port Valdez probably were generated primarily by massive submarine slides of glacial and fluvioglacial deposits ; the origin of the waves that caused damage at most of the other communities and at extensive uninhabited segments of shoreline is not known. At these places the most probable generative mechanisms are: unidentified submarine slides of unconsolidated deposits, and (or) the horizontal tectonic displacements, of 20 to more than 60 feet, that occurred in the Prince William Sound region during the earthquake.

\n
\n

A train of long-period seismic sea waves that began about 20 minutes after the start of the earthquake inundated shores along the Gulf of Alaska coast to a maximum height of 35 feet above tide level. At the communities described, they virtually destroyed two logging camps at Whidbey Bay and Puget Bay on the south coast of the Kenai Peninsula, caused moderate damage to boat harbors and docks at Seldovia and Cordova, floated away some beach cabins in the Cordova area, and drowned two people, one at Point Whitshed near Cordora and one at the Cape Saint Elias Light Station. The seismic sea waves were generated by regional tectonic uplift of the sea floor on the Continental Shelf.

\n
\n

Vertical tectonic displacements of the land relative to sea level that accompanied the earthquake affected virtually all the coastal communities. Tectonic subsidence of 5 to 6 feet, augmented locally by surficial subsidence of unconsolidated deposits required either the relocation or raising of structures at Portage, Girdwood, and Hope on Turnagain Arm. Shoreline submergence resulting from about 3½ feet of tectonic subsidence at Seldovia necessitated raising all waterfront facilities and the airstrip above the level of high tides. On the other hand, tectonic uplift of the land in the Prince Williams Sound region required deepening of the small-boat harbors at Cordora and Tatitlek, dredging of the waterways in the Cordova area, and lengthening of some docks or piers at Cordova, the Cape Hinchinbrook Light Station, and in Sawmill Bay.

\n
\n

Significant structural damage from direct seismic shaking was largely confined to fluid containers and a pier facility near Kenai. Indirect damage from fissuring and differential settling of foundation mterials in the vicinity of the Cordova airfield mused damage to a building, underground utilities, an airfield fill, and the highway. Minor amounts of direct and indirect damage from seismic vibrations were sustained by most of the communities situated on unconsolidated deposits as far east as Yakutat, north to Fairbanks, and west to King Salmon. Except for a few cracked or toppled chimney, all the damage from shaking was confined to areas of thick, unconsolidated deposits. Foundation damage was almost entirely restricted to water-saturated unconsolidated deposits which, when liquefied by seismic shaking, could spread laterally toward free faces and (or) settle differentially through compaction.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: Effects on communities (Professional Paper 542)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/pp542G","usgsCitation":"Plafker, G., Kachadoorian, R., Eckel, E.B., and Mayo, L.R., 1969, Effects of the earthquake of March 27, 1964, on various communities: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 542, Report: vi, 50 p.; 2 Plates: 47 x 35 inches and 41.96 x 37 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp542G.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 50 p.; 2 Plates: 47 x 35 inches and 41.96 x 37 inches","numberOfPages":"61","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":380,"text":"Menlo ParkCalif. Office-Earthquake Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399843,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4589.htm"},{"id":33598,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0542g/pp542g_text.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33597,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0542g/pp542g_plate2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33596,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0542g/pp542g_plate1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":117253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0542g/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":104505,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0542g/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4589"}],"scale":"2500000","datum":"Mean Sea Level","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168,\n 52\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 52\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 66.5\n ],\n [\n -168,\n 66.5\n ],\n [\n -168,\n 52\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c82f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kachadoorian, Reuben","contributorId":24336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kachadoorian","given":"Reuben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eckel, Edwin B.","contributorId":26680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckel","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayo, Lawrence R.","contributorId":98344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayo","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":3780,"text":"cir612 - 1969 - Gold in minerals and the composition of native gold","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:39","indexId":"cir612","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"612","title":"Gold in minerals and the composition of native gold","docAbstract":"Gold occurs in nature mainly as the metal and as various alloys. It forms complete series of solid solutions with silver, copper, nickel, palladium, and platinum. In association with the platinum metals, gold occurs as free gold as well as in solid solution. \r\n\r\nThe native elements contain the most gold, followed by the sulfide minerals. Several gold tellurides are known, but no gold selenides have been reported, and only one sulfide, the telluride-sulfide mineral nagyagite, is known. \r\n\r\nThe nonmetallic minerals carry the least gold, and the light-colored minerals generally contain less gold than the dark minerals. \r\n\r\nSome conclusions in the literature are conflicting in regard to the relation of fineness of native gold to its position laterally and vertically within a lode, the nature of the country rocks, and the location and size of nuggets in a streambed, as well as to the variation of fineness within an individual nugget.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir612","usgsCitation":"Jones, R.S., and Fleischer, M., 1969, Gold in minerals and the composition of native gold: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 612, 17 p. ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir612.","productDescription":"17 p. ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1969/0612/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30851,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1969/0612/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db674115","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Robert Sprague","contributorId":41814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Sprague","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleischer, Michael","contributorId":65835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":66684,"text":"i524 - 1969 - Engineering geologic map of the southeastern Copper River basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:16","indexId":"i524","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"524","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Engineering geologic map of the southeastern Copper River basin, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i524","usgsCitation":"Nichols, D., and Yehle, L., 1969, Engineering geologic map of the southeastern Copper River basin, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 524, 1 map :col. ;67 x 70 cm. folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i524.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;67 x 70 cm. folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":102796,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_1254.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"1254"},{"id":188739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"25000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -145.5,61.5 ], [ -145.5,62.25 ], [ -144.3675,62.25 ], [ -144.3675,61.5 ], [ -145.5,61.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db60284c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, D.R.","contributorId":42979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yehle, L. A.","contributorId":44536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yehle","given":"L. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":15192,"text":"ofr70242 - 1969 - Geology of the Mackay 30-minute quadrangle, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:06","indexId":"ofr70242","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70-242","title":"Geology of the Mackay 30-minute quadrangle, Idaho","docAbstract":"The Jefferson Dolomite, Grand View Dolomite, and Three Forks Limestone, all of Devonian age, are the oldest rocks exposed in the quadrangle. Rocks that range from Mississippian to Permian in age are widespread; they are represented by the White Knob Limestone in the eastern part of the quadrangle and the Copper Basin Formation in the western part. The Copper Basin Formation, which is composed of non-carbonate detrital rocks, is interlayered with the White Knob Limestone near the middle of the quadrangle. This interlayering is herein interpreted to be the result of depositional interbedding, but it could be in part due to juxtaposition by faulting. The Challis Volcanics, of Tertiary age, cover much of the quadrangle, and except for a conspicuous basal conglomerate, lack distinctive subdivisions similar to those in neighboring areas. Alluvial deposits which may be in part as old as Pliocene are scattered through the quadrangle. Glaciation affected all higher parts of the quadrangle, and locally glacial deposits of at least three ages can be distinguished The latest two of these are probably of late Wisconsin Bull Lake and Pinedale ages. Basalt flows of probable Recent age extend into the southernmost part of the quadrangle and originate in part from vents there. \r\n\r\nIntrusive rocks, including plutons and related dikes of Tertiary age, are scattered throughout the quadrangle. They range from granite to quartz diorite in composition. The intrusive rocks seem to be related to the Challis Volcanics. \r\n\r\nThe rocks of the quadrangle were strongly deformed and eroded prior to the deposition of the Challis Volcanics. No thrust faults have been recognized although such faults are plentiful in the adjacent region. Deformation has continued until recent times. \r\n\r\nAll or parts of five mining districts are included in the quadrangle, and the total production probably exceeded $10,000,000. Mining has been quiet since World War II but activity has been renewed at times in the past and possibilities for the discovery of substantial new deposits seem promising. The mineral deposits formed largely by replacement, partly in areas of contact metamorphism. The metals present are varied but copper has been the main product. All of the deposits are believed to be related to the intrusions of Tertiary age.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr70242","usgsCitation":"Nelson, W.H., and Ross, C.P., 1969, Geology of the Mackay 30-minute quadrangle, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 70-242, 165 p. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr70242.","productDescription":"165 p. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0242/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44106,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0242/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44107,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0242/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44108,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1970/0242/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ea74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Willis H.","contributorId":84777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Willis","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Clyde Polhemus","contributorId":71954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Clyde","email":"","middleInitial":"Polhemus","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3669,"text":"cir609 - 1969 - Mercury in soil gas and air--A potential tool in mineral exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-25T13:03:49","indexId":"cir609","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"609","title":"Mercury in soil gas and air--A potential tool in mineral exploration","docAbstract":"The mercury content in soil gas and in the atmosphere was measured in several mining districts to test the possibility that the mercury content in the atmosphere is higher over ore deposits than over barren ground. At Cortez, Nev., the distribution of anorhalous amounts of mercury in the air collected at ground level (soil gas) correlates well with the distribution of gold-bearing rocks that are covered by as much as 100 feet of gravel. The mercury content in the atmosphere collected at an altitude of 200 feet by an aircraft was 20 times background over a mercury posit and 10 times background over two porphyry copper deposits. Measurement of mercury in soil gas and air may prove to be a valuable exploration tool.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir609","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, J., Vaughn, W., Learned, R.E., and Meuschke, J.L., 1969, Mercury in soil gas and air--A potential tool in mineral exploration: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 609, iii, 16 p. :illus. ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir609.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p. :illus. ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":30709,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1969/0609/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1969/0609/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624c41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, Joseph Howard","contributorId":46927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Joseph Howard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaughn, W.W.","contributorId":91842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughn","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Learned, R. E.","contributorId":9638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Learned","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meuschke, J. L.","contributorId":53349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuschke","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":14353,"text":"ofr69135 - 1969 - Preliminary report on the bedrock geology and copper deposits of the Matchwood quadrangle, Ontonagon County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-03T19:10:16.246203","indexId":"ofr69135","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-135","title":"Preliminary report on the bedrock geology and copper deposits of the Matchwood quadrangle, Ontonagon County, Michigan","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr69135","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.F., and White, W.S., 1969, Preliminary report on the bedrock geology and copper deposits of the Matchwood quadrangle, Ontonagon County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-135, Report; i, 29 p.; 1 Plate: 17.06 × 21.64 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr69135.","productDescription":"Report; i, 29 p.; 1 Plate: 17.06 × 21.64 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":43031,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0135/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":397584,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8365.htm"},{"id":147685,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0135/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43030,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0135/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"62500","country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Ontonagon County","otherGeospatial":"Matchwood quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.5,\n 46.583\n ],\n [\n -89.25,\n 46.583\n ],\n [\n -89.25,\n 46.75\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 46.75\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 46.583\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66c9e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Robert Francis","contributorId":8864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Francis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Walter Stanley","contributorId":96701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"Stanley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13456,"text":"ofr6983 - 1969 - Report on exploration of the Wadi Yiba copper prospect, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-02T16:19:29","indexId":"ofr6983","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-83","title":"Report on exploration of the Wadi Yiba copper prospect, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"

The first phase of an exploration program at The Wadi Yiba copper prospect consisted of geologic mapping, prospecting, sampling, geophysical surveys, and diamond drilling. Copper mineralization is in a sedimentary rock sequence comprised mostly of siliceous, calcareous, and dolomitic rocks metamorphosed to the greenschist facies. The metasedimentary rocks are overlain and underlain by metavolcanic rocks. They are folded into a tight north-plunging syncline transected by two fault systems. Results from the exploration program indicate that a fault zone which sub-parallels the synclinal axis and cuts siliceous dolomite contains copper mineralization and small amounts of gold and silver. Copper and silver beaming pyroclastic rocks were found in the upper part of the metasedimentary rock sequence. Concentrations of copper mineralization seem to be restricted to particular rock units in the metasedimentary rock sequence. Primary sulfides have not been encountered in the drill holes to date and the results from one drill hole indicate secondary copper sulfide minerals to a vertical depth of 60 meters. Further exploration seems to be warranted and a program is proposed which includes the investigation of other mineral occurrences and geophysical anomalies in the region.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr6983","usgsCitation":"Earhart, R.L., 1969, Report on exploration of the Wadi Yiba copper prospect, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-83, 42 p. ill., maps ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6983.","productDescription":"42 p. ill., maps ;27 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":41896,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0083/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":41897,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0083/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":41895,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0083/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":41898,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0083/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145167,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0083/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 41,\n 20\n ],\n [\n 41,\n 19\n ],\n [\n 42,\n 19\n ],\n [\n 42,\n 20\n ],\n [\n 41,\n 20\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a59e4b07f02db62f610","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Earhart, Robert L.","contributorId":74729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earhart","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13454,"text":"ofr6981 - 1969 - A preliminary investigation of a copper occurrence at Jabal Sarbon, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:42","indexId":"ofr6981","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-81","title":"A preliminary investigation of a copper occurrence at Jabal Sarbon, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr6981","usgsCitation":"Earhart, R.L., 1969, A preliminary investigation of a copper occurrence at Jabal Sarbon, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-81, 11 p. ill., map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6981.","productDescription":"11 p. ill., map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145144,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6aac71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Earhart, Robert L.","contributorId":74729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earhart","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13455,"text":"ofr6982 - 1969 - Geologic reconnaissance of the Al Qunfidhah area, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:42","indexId":"ofr6982","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-82","title":"Geologic reconnaissance of the Al Qunfidhah area, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Preliminary mineral investigations in the A1 Qunfidhah area, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, indicate that four target zones merit detailed study. These are (1) the West Gossan, (2) the pyrocalstic pile 13 Kilometers of Suq A1 Khamis, (3) the Wadi Sishah copper prospect, and (4) the Wadi Yiba copper prospect. Copper sulfides and carbonates appear to be the most abundant economic minerals present, although nickel, zinc, lead, molybdenum, gold, and silver may also occur in important amounts. In addition to locating specific target zones, the results delimit particular stratigraphic horizons which should be included in future regional mineral investigations. \r\n\r\nThe rocks of the area are comprised of a eugeosynclinal assemblage of Precambrian metavolcanics and metasediments which are intruded by granitic rocks of at least two ages. Rocks which predate the latest granite intrusive are regionally metamorphosed, folded, and faulted. In most cases, zones containing economic minerals occur at or near the top of a volcanic pile and in marine sedimentary, rocks above the volcanic pile. The results from preliminary studies suggest a close genetic relationship between sulfide mineralization and volcanism.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr6982","usgsCitation":"Earhart, R.L., 1969, Geologic reconnaissance of the Al Qunfidhah area, Tihamat Ash Sham quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-82, 46 p. ill., maps (2 folded) ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6982.","productDescription":"46 p. ill., maps (2 folded) ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0082/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41892,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0082/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":41893,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0082/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":41894,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0082/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649732","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Earhart, Robert L.","contributorId":74729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earhart","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13279,"text":"ofr6968 - 1969 - Preliminary geophysical investigation of the Wadi Yiba copper prospect, Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:54","indexId":"ofr6968","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-68","title":"Preliminary geophysical investigation of the Wadi Yiba copper prospect, Saudi Arabia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr6968","usgsCitation":"Davis, W.E., and Akhrass, M.N., 1969, Preliminary geophysical investigation of the Wadi Yiba copper prospect, Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-68, 4 p. ill., 2 maps ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6968.","productDescription":"4 p. ill., 2 maps ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db6734b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, W. E.","contributorId":100844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Akhrass, Mohammed N.","contributorId":74014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akhrass","given":"Mohammed","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3639,"text":"cir614 - 1969 - Metalliferous deposits near Granite Mountain, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-25T13:02:53","indexId":"cir614","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"614","title":"Metalliferous deposits near Granite Mountain, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"New deposits of lead, zinc, and silver were found in a large altered zone 18 miles long and 2 to 5 miles wide near Quartz Creek west of Granite Mountain in the eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska. New deposits of molybdenum, bismuth, and silver were found associated with a previously reported occurrence of uranium, copper, lead, and zinc minerals in the upper Peace River drainage northeast of Granite Mountain. Both groups of deposits are associated spatially with felsic plutonic rocks and occur near the western edge of a late Mesozoic province of volcanic plutonic rocks. Both groups of deposits warrant further investigation as possible exploration target areas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir614","usgsCitation":"Miller, T.P., and Elliott, R.L., 1969, Metalliferous deposits near Granite Mountain, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 614, iii, 19 p. :illus. ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir614.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p. :illus. ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":30681,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1969/0614/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1969/0614/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628624","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Thomas P. tmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":4183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Thomas","email":"tmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":147312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, Raymond L.","contributorId":82667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44169,"text":"ofr69278 - 1969 - Surface distribution of selected elements around the Copper Canyon copper-gold-silver open pit mine, Lander County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:12","indexId":"ofr69278","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-278","title":"Surface distribution of selected elements around the Copper Canyon copper-gold-silver open pit mine, Lander County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr69278","usgsCitation":"Theodore, T., 1969, Surface distribution of selected elements around the Copper Canyon copper-gold-silver open pit mine, Lander County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-278, 21 maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr69278.","productDescription":"21 maps","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":113807,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_01.pdf","size":"7938","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113808,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_02_and_03.pdf","size":"1196","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113809,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_04_and_05.pdf","size":"1106","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113810,"rank":414,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_06_and_07.pdf","size":"1208","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113811,"rank":415,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_08_and_09.pdf","size":"1197","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113812,"rank":416,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_10_and_11.pdf","size":"1255","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113813,"rank":417,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_12_and_13.pdf","size":"1209","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113814,"rank":418,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_14_and_15.pdf","size":"1159","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113815,"rank":419,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_16_and_17.pdf","size":"1304","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113816,"rank":420,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_18_and_19.pdf","size":"1165","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113817,"rank":421,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/plate-figure_20_and_21.pdf","size":"1312","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":81563,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0278/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db626c42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Theodore, Ted G.","contributorId":57840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theodore","given":"Ted G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3824,"text":"cir617 - 1969 - Results of geological and geochemical investigations in an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-25T13:03:47","indexId":"cir617","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"617","title":"Results of geological and geochemical investigations in an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range","docAbstract":"Sedimentary and volcanic rock units of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age, faults, and elongate bodies of intrusive rock, particularly serpentinites, have a dominant northeasterly trend in an area northwest of the Chulitna River between Eldridge Glacier and Bull River. The serpentinites locally contain abnormal (as much as 0.5 percent) concentrations of nickel, have one newly identified occurrence of chromite, and are hosts to small epigenetic lodes containing copper, gold, and silver. Other epigenetic concentrations of copper or other metals occur in interlayered basalt and limestone at Partin and Canyon Creeks in the southwestern part of the area and in porphyry near Costello Creek in the northern part of the area. Tin occurs in greisen on upper Ohio Creek, and abnormal concentrations of tin also characterize mineralized rocks along Canyon Creek and at a prospect near Long Creek. Mineralized rocks characterized by silver, lead, and zinc crop out near Lookout Mountain. \r\n\r\nAnomalous concentrations of gold and other metals occur in stream sediments at isolated sites in upper Long Creek and at Coal Creek, as well as in several areas near known lode mineral occurrences. Shotgun and McCallie Creeks both contain stream sediments with anomalous concentrations of metals and both head into the basalt-limestone unit which is the host rock at Partin and Canyon Creeks; these facts suggest that other concentrations may be found.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir617","usgsCitation":"Hawley, C.C., Clark, A.L., Herdrick, M., and Clark, S.H., 1969, Results of geological and geochemical investigations in an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 617, iii, 19 p. :maps. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir617.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p. :maps. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":30893,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1969/0617/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1969/0617/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db60635f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hawley, C. C.","contributorId":102070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawley","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, A. L.","contributorId":89502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herdrick, M.A.","contributorId":33307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herdrick","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, S. H. B.","contributorId":95052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"H. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70224596,"text":"70224596 - 1969 - Casing detector and self-potential logger","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T15:31:15.34861","indexId":"70224596","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-01T10:24:28","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Casing detector and self-potential logger","docAbstract":"

A simple and rapid method of determining casing length and permeable zones in wells tapping bedrock can be useful to well drillers and hydrologists. A device consisting of a galvanometer, a reel of insulated wire, and a copper electrode locates the casing depth, changes of lithology, and permeable zones. The small-diameter electrode permits measurement through well-seal access ports avoiding the expensive and time-consuming procedure of removing the seal and drop pipes to measure casing depth with a magnet. The measured electromotive force changes rapidly when the electrode passes the end of casing. Thus, the depth of casing is easily determined from the length of wire payed out. Changes in electromotive force measured within the uncased part of a well frequently indicate permeable zones, thereby aiding in choice of the most efficient drop-pipe length, and also yielding useful information for hydrogeologic studies.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1969.tb01668.x","usgsCitation":"Frimpter, M.H., 1969, Casing detector and self-potential logger: Groundwater, v. 7, no. 6, p. 24-27, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1969.tb01668.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389962,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frimpter, Michael H.","contributorId":8074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpter","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70223906,"text":"70223906 - 1969 - Progress on a gravity map of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-13T17:34:22.498241","indexId":"70223906","displayToPublicDate":"1969-10-01T12:27:24","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7458,"text":"Eos Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Progress on a gravity map of Alaska","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey began gravity surveys in Alaska ten years ago with local surveys in the Copper River and Tanana Basins. Shortly before the 1963 AGU gravity symposium [Barnes, 1965], the emphasis shifted from local surveys to the preparation of a reconnaissance gravity map of the whole state with a 10-mgal contour interval on a scale of 1:2,500,000, which would be similar to the gravity map of the United States [Woollard and Joesting, 1964]. Data have now been obtained in approximately three-fourths of the state, but there are large variations in both station density and geologic usefulness of the coverage. The amount of coverage is primarily influenced by the distribution of water bodies because more than three-fourths of the stations have been obtained by riverboats, small skiffs, and floatplanes.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO050i010p00550","usgsCitation":"Barnes, D., 1969, Progress on a gravity map of Alaska: Eos Science News, v. 50, no. 10, p. 550-552, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO050i010p00550.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"550","endPage":"552","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"50","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, David F.","contributorId":72787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"David F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":14037,"text":"ofr69123 - 1969 - Geochemical maps of an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-01T20:18:42.209167","indexId":"ofr69123","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69-123","title":"Geochemical maps of an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range","docAbstract":"An area northwest of the Chulitna River in west-central Alaska Range locally shows local anomalous concentrations of gold, silver, arsenic, copper, zinc, and lead in stream-sediment samples. Most stream sediments showing anomalous concentrations of metals can be correlated with either known or newly discovered deposits or occurrences described in Circular 617.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr69123","usgsCitation":"Hawley, C.C., and Clark, A.L., 1969, Geochemical maps of an area northwest of the Chulitna River, central Alaska Range: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 69-123, Report: 4 p.; 6 Plates: 12.92 x 19.07 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr69123.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; 6 Plates: 12.92 x 19.07 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416579,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8360.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":42689,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42688,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42687,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42686,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42684,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42690,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147062,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42685,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1969/0123/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chulitna River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150,\n 63.329\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -149.5,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -149.5,\n 63.329\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 63.329\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hawley, C. C.","contributorId":102070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawley","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Allen L.","contributorId":96258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011569,"text":"70011569 - 1969 - Fractionation of gold in a differentiated tholeiitic dolerite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:00:13.40129","indexId":"70011569","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fractionation of gold in a differentiated tholeiitic dolerite","docAbstract":"

Gold content was determined, by neutron-activation analysis, in samples from a drill core through the Great Lake sheet, Tasmania, a differentiated tholeiitic dolerite. The gold content of parts of the core seems to be related to the mafic index. The variation of gold content with depth and mafic index is similar to that of copper, indicating that gold and copper may have been concomitantly crystallized from the magma.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(69)90007-2","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Rowe, J., 1969, Fractionation of gold in a differentiated tholeiitic dolerite: Chemical Geology, v. 4, no. 3-4, p. 421-427, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(69)90007-2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"421","endPage":"427","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13a9e4b0c8380cd54721","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, J.J.","contributorId":29460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011468,"text":"70011468 - 1969 - Determination of palladium and platinum by atomic absorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:16:03.964309","indexId":"70011468","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of palladium and platinum by atomic absorption","docAbstract":"

Palladium and platinum are determined by atomic absorption after fire-assay concentration into a gold bead. The limit of determination is ~0·06 ppm in a 20-g sample. Serious depressive interelement interferences are removed by buffering the solutions with a mixture of cadmium and copper sulphates with cadmium and copper concentrations each at 0·5%. Substantial amounts of Ag, Al, Au, Bi, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Te, Ti, V, Y, Zn, and the platinum metals do not interfere in the atomic-absorption determination.


","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0039-9140(69)80080-9","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Schnepfe, M., and Grimaldi, F.S., 1969, Determination of palladium and platinum by atomic absorption: Talanta, v. 16, no. 5, p. 591-595, https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(69)80080-9.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"595","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffbbe4b0c8380cd4f376","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schnepfe, M. M.","contributorId":93622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnepfe","given":"M. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimaldi, F. S.","contributorId":94286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimaldi","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3822,"text":"cir597 - 1968 - Distribution of beryllium, tin, and tungsten in the Lake George area, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-24T15:22:25","indexId":"cir597","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"597","title":"Distribution of beryllium, tin, and tungsten in the Lake George area, Colorado","docAbstract":"Complex ore deposits are spatially associated with granitic bodies of Precambrian age in the Lake George area, Colorado. They include greisens that contain high\nconcentrations of beryllium and subordinate amounts of tin, tungsten, and other metals associated with the Redskin Granite. Scheelite deposits in calc-silicate\nrocks and greisen deposits near Tappan Mountain that contain tin and tungsten minerals are associated with the Silver Plume (?) Granite. Samples of stream sediments and soils locally show anomalous concentrations of beryllium, tin, copper, lead, and molybdenum. Some of the areas of anomalous concentrations correlate with known deposits; others do not, and this fact suggests that further prospecting is warranted.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir597","usgsCitation":"Hawley, C.C., and Griffitts, W.R., 1968, Distribution of beryllium, tin, and tungsten in the Lake George area, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 597, iii, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir597.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/0597/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":271076,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/0597/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Park County","otherGeospatial":"Lake George","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.2102,38.6931 ], [ -106.2102,39.5682 ], [ -105.3282,39.5682 ], [ -105.3282,38.6931 ], [ -106.2102,38.6931 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648700","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hawley, C. C.","contributorId":102070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawley","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffitts, Wallace R.","contributorId":103260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffitts","given":"Wallace","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2326,"text":"wsp1859B - 1968 - Chemical quality of surface waters in Devils Lake basin North Dakota, 1952-60","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-30T19:22:21.418399","indexId":"wsp1859B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1859","chapter":"B","title":"Chemical quality of surface waters in Devils Lake basin North Dakota, 1952-60","docAbstract":"

Above-normal precipitation in 1954, 1956, and 1957 caused the water surface of Devils Lake to rise to an altitude of 1,419.3 feet, its highest in 40 years. Nearly all the water entering the lake flowed through Big Coulee, and about three-fourths of that inflow was at rates greater than 100 cubic feet per second. At these rates, the inflow contained less than 600 ppm (parts per million) dissolved solids and was of the calcium bicarbonate type.

Because the inflow was more dilute than the lake water, the dissolved solids in the lake decreased from 8,680 ppm in 1952 to about 6,000 ppm in 1956 and 1957. Subsequently, however, they increased to slightly more than 8,000 ppm and averaged 6,800 ppm for the 1954-60 period. Sodium and sulfate were the principal dissolved constituents in the lake water. Although the concentration of dissolved solids varied significantly from time to time, the relative proportions of the chief constituents remained nearly the same.

Water flowed from Devils Lake to Mission Bay in 1956,1957, and 1958, and some flowed from Mission Bay into East Bay. However, no water moved between East Devils Lake, western Stump Lake, and eastern Stump Lake during 1952-60; these lakes received only local runoff, and the variations in their water volume caused only minor variations in dissolved solids. For the periods sampled, concentrations averaged 60,700 ppm for East Devils Lake, 23,100 ppm for western Stump Lake, and 127,000 ppm for eastern Stump Lake.

Sodium and sulfate were the chief dissolved constituents in all the lakes of the Devils Lake chain. Water in eastern Stump Lake was saturated with sodium sulfate and precipitated large quantities of granular, hydrated sodium sulfate crystals on the lakebed and shore in fall and winter. A discontinuous layer of consolidated sodium sulfate crystals formed a significant part of the bed throughout the year.

Measured concentrations! of zinc, iron, manganese, fluoride, arsenic, boron, copper, and lead were not high enough to harm fish. Data on alpha and beta particle activities in Devils Lake were insufficient to determine if present activities are less than, equal to, or more than activities before nuclear tests began.

Miscellaneous surface waters not in the Devils Lake chain contained dissolved solids that ranged from 239 to 61,200 ppm. The lakes that spill infrequently and have little or no ground-water inflow and outflow generally contain high concentrations of dissolved solids.

Salt balance computations for Devils Lake for 1952-60 indicate that a net of as much as 89,000 tons of salts was removed from the bed by the water in some years and as much as 35,000 tons was added to the bed in other years. For the 9-year period, the tons removed exceeded the tons added; the net removed averaged 2.7 tons per acre per year. Pickup of these salts from the bed increased the dissolved solids in the lake water an average of 193 ppni per year. Between 1952 and 1960, 201,000 tons of salt was added to the bed of East Devils Lake, 15,100 tons to the bed of western Stump Lake, and 421,000 tons to the bed of eastern Stump Lake.

Laboratory examination of shore and bed material indicated that the shore contained less weight of salt per unit weight of dry, inorganic material than the bed. Calcium and bicarbonate were the chief constituents dissolved from bed material of Devils Lake, whereas sodium and sulfate were the chief constituents dissolved from bed material of East Bay, East Devils Lake, and eastern and western Stump Lakes. Generally, calcium and bicarbonate were the chief constitutents dissolved from shore material of all these lakes.

Evidence indicates that not more than 20 percent of the salt that \"disappeared\" from the water of Devils Lake west of State Route 20 as the lake altitudes decreased years ago will redissolve if the lake altitude is restored.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1859B","usgsCitation":"Mitten, H.T., Scott, C., and Rosene, P.G., 1968, Chemical quality of surface waters in Devils Lake basin North Dakota, 1952-60: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1859, Report: iv, 42 p.; 1 Plate: 27.00 x 38.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1859B.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 42 p.; 1 Plate: 27.00 x 38.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":28169,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1859b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28168,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1859b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137586,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1859b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":431666,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25080.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Devils Lake basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.4066978557347,\n 48.373675264950265\n ],\n [\n -99.4066978557347,\n 47.70314111203487\n ],\n [\n -98.18978187218303,\n 47.70314111203487\n ],\n [\n -98.18978187218303,\n 48.373675264950265\n ],\n [\n -99.4066978557347,\n 48.373675264950265\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitten, Hugh T.","contributorId":103652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitten","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, C.H.","contributorId":101634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosene, Philip G.","contributorId":48942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosene","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":16531,"text":"ofr68325 - 1968 - A mineral reconnaissance of the Jabal Khida quadrangle, Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:16","indexId":"ofr68325","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-325","title":"A mineral reconnaissance of the Jabal Khida quadrangle, Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Reconnaissance of the Jabal Khida quadrangle shows that granite and granodiorite (unit gg), biotite and hornblende granite (unit gr) and alkalic and paralkalic granit (unit gp) divisions for granites seems valid, but that two ages of metamorphic and extrusive rocks are mapped as the Halaben formation (unit ha/hc).\r\n\r\nSemiquantitative analyses of 113 samples collected in the quadrangle were made spectrographically on minus 30 plus 80 mesh wadi sand for 27 elements, and chemically on concentrates of heavy minerals and magnetite from wadi sand. Anomalous amounts of silver, beryllium, molybdenum, niobium, tin, cobalt, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, titanium, and vanadium are found in the sand samples, but the anomalies are low. Anomalous tungsten is present in some concentrates from wadi sand.\r\n\r\nA small alkalic and paralkalic granite (gp) at the west side of the quadrangle contains tin, niobium, and a low anomaly of lead. The area should be studied for commercial tin and niobium. Beryllium is in the granite and granodiorite (gg) adjacent to the alkalic granite. Concentrates from wadi sand derived from two alkalic granite (gp) bodies in the north-central part of the quadrangle contain 330 ppm tungsten.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr68325","usgsCitation":"Whitlow, J.W., 1968, A mineral reconnaissance of the Jabal Khida quadrangle, Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 68-325, 18 p. :map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr68325.","productDescription":"18 p. :map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0325/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45514,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0325/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45515,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0325/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitlow, Jesse William","contributorId":18366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlow","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":67109,"text":"i559 - 1968 - Geochemical prospecting for copper, lead, and zinc in the west-central part of the Negaunee quadrangle, Marquette County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:26","indexId":"i559","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"559","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Geochemical prospecting for copper, lead, and zinc in the west-central part of the Negaunee quadrangle, Marquette County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i559","usgsCitation":"Segerstrom, K.K., 1968, Geochemical prospecting for copper, lead, and zinc in the west-central part of the Negaunee quadrangle, Marquette County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 559, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/i559.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":256458,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0559/plate-1.pdf","size":"6811","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256459,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0559/report.pdf","size":"41","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256460,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0559/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adec1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Segerstrom, Kenneth K.","contributorId":105276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segerstrom","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15283,"text":"ofr68207 - 1968 - Mineral exploration between Bi'ir Idimah and Wadi Haraman, Asir quadrangle, Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-20T17:55:49.145406","indexId":"ofr68207","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-207","title":"Mineral exploration between Bi'ir Idimah and Wadi Haraman, Asir quadrangle, Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"

An area of 10,000 sq. km between Bi'r Idimah and Wadi Haraman in southern Saudi Arabia was investigated for mineral deposits during the period May 8, 1965, to June 27, 1965. At least 25 different minerals and industrial rocks occur in the area, but of these materials only asbestos seems to have a real possibility for industrial development. Twenty occurrences of asbestos were found around the Higera gold mine and between Hamdah and Bi'r El Marwahs A favorable area for asbestos exists north and east of Tathlith, but none was discovered there. It is recommended that the Hamdah-Bi'r El Marwah area be examined in detail, and the Higera and Tathlith areas receive reconnaissance studies for asbestos. Asbestos is a high-value commodity which can be processed by air separation, thereby freeing its benefitiation from dependence on water. Examination of the asbestos deposits would have as a by-product an appraisal of the resources of soapstone, anthophyllite, talc, vermiculite, chromite, calcite, gold, and copper in the three asbestos districts.

Thirty-six occurrences of marble were found in the area. Several have favorable characteristics for industrial or architectural use.

One ancient mine, the Ishaaib (19°15'N.x 43°40'E.), may contain copper.

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