Strong westerly winds that emanate from San Gorgonio Pass, the lowest point between Palm Springs and Los Angeles, California, dominate aeolian transport in the Coachella Valley of the western Sonoran Desert. These winds deposit sand in coppice dunes that are critical habitat for several species, including the state and federally listed threatened species Uma inornata, a lizard. Although wind directions are generally defined in this valley, the wind field has complex interactions with local topography and becomes more variable with distance from the pass. Local, dominant wind directions are preserved by growth patterns of Larrea tridentata (creosote bush), a shrub characteristic of the hot North American deserts, and ventifacts. Exceptionally long-lived, Larrea has the potential to preserve wind direction over centuries to millennia, shaped by the abrasive pruning of windward branches and the persistent training of leeward branches. Wind direction preserved in Larrea individuals and clones was mapped at 192 locations. Compared with wind data from three weather stations, Larrea vectors effectively reflect annual prevailing winds. Ventifacts measured at 24 locations record winds 10° more westerly than Larrea and appear to reflect the direction of the most erosive winds. Based on detailed mapping of local wind directions as preserved in Larrea, only the northern half of the Mission-Morongo Creek floodplain is likely to supply sand to protected U. inornata habitat in the Willow Hole ecological reserve.
Although there is now a general consensus among mercury (Hg) biogeochemists that increased atmospheric inputs of inorganic Hg(II) to lakes and watersheds can result in increased methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in fish, researchers still lack kinetic data describing the movement of Hg from the atmosphere, through watershed and lake ecosystems, and into fish. The use of isotopically enriched Hg species in environmental studies now allows experimentally applied new Hg to be distinguished from ambient Hg naturally present in the system. Four different enriched stable Hg(II) isotope “spikes” were applied sequentially over four years to the ground vegetation of a microcatchment at the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) in the remote boreal forest of Canada to examine retention of Hg(II) following deposition. Areal masses of the spikes and ambient THg (all forms of Hg in a sample) were monitored for eight years, and the pattern of spike retention was used to estimate retention of newly deposited ambient Hg within the ground vegetation pool. Fifty to eighty percent of applied spike Hg was initially retained by ground vegetation. The areal mass of spike Hg declined exponentially over time and was best described by a first-order process with constants (k) ranging between 9.7 × 10−4 day−1 and 11.6 × 10−4day−1. Average half-life (t1/2) of spike Hg within the ground vegetation pool (±S.D.) was 704 ± 52 days. This retention of new atmospheric Hg(II) by vegetation delays movement of new Hg(II) into soil, runoff, and finally into adjacent lakes. Ground-applied Hg(II) spikes were not detected in tree foliage and litterfall, indicating that stomatal and/or root uptake of previously deposited Hg (i.e., “recycled” from ground vegetation or soil Hg pools) were likely not large sources of foliar Hg under these experimental conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es900357s","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Graydon, J., , L., Hintelmann, H., Lindberg, S., Sandilands, K., Rudd, J., Kelly, C., Tate, M., Krabbenhoft, D., and Lehnherr, I., 2009, Investigation of uptake and retention of atmospheric Hg(II) by boreal forest plants using stable Hg isotopes: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 13, p. 4960-4966, https://doi.org/10.1021/es900357s.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4960","endPage":"4966","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217821,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es900357s"}],"volume":"43","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3eaae4b0c8380cd63f47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graydon, J.A.","contributorId":7902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graydon","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":" Louis","contributorId":71353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hintelmann, H.","contributorId":64423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hintelmann","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindberg, S.E.","contributorId":87354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindberg","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sandilands, K.A.","contributorId":63619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandilands","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rudd, J.W.M.","contributorId":45487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudd","given":"J.W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kelly, C.A.","contributorId":72564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tate, M.T.","contributorId":29638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tate","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lehnherr, I.","contributorId":97746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehnherr","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70159575,"text":"70159575 - 2009 - Audiomagnetotelluric investigation of Snake Valley, eastern Nevada and western Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T10:03:22","indexId":"70159575","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5014,"text":"Geology and Geologic Resources and Issues of Western Utah","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Audiomagnetotelluric investigation of Snake Valley, eastern Nevada and western Utah","docAbstract":"Audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) data along four profiles in western Snake Valley and the corresponding two-dimensional (2-D) inverse models reveal subsurface structures that may be significant to ground-water investigations in the area. The AMT method is a valuable tool for estimating the electrical resistivity of the earth over depth ranges from a few meters to less than one kilometer. The method has the potential to identify faults and stratigraphy within basins of eastern Nevada, thereby helping define the hydrogeologic framework of the region.
\nAs support for an exploratory well-drilling and hydraulic-testing program, AMT data were collected using a Geometrics Stratagem EH4 system along four profiles that extend roughly east-west from the southern Snake Range into Snake Valley. The profiles range from 3 to 5 kilometers in length, and station spacing was 200 to 400 meters. Two-dimensional inverse models were computed using the data from the transverse-electric (TE), transverse-magnetic (TM), and combined (TE+TM) mode using a conjugate gradient, finite-difference method. Interpretation of the 2-D AMT models defines several faults, some of which may influence ground-water flow in the basins, as well as identify underlying Paleozoic carbonate and clastic rocks and the thickness of basin-fill sediments. These AMT data and models, coupled with the geologic mapping and other surface geophysical methods, form the basis for identifying potential well sites and defining the subsurface structures and stratigraphy within Snake Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological Association","usgsCitation":"McPhee, D., Pari, K., and Baird, F., 2009, Audiomagnetotelluric investigation of Snake Valley, eastern Nevada and western Utah: Geology and Geologic Resources and Issues of Western Utah, p. 287-298.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"298","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013054","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311621,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311164,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/uga/data/081/081001/287_ugs810287.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Snake Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.20631408691406,\n 38.678541582058195\n ],\n [\n -114.20631408691406,\n 39.0303858632327\n ],\n [\n -113.95225524902344,\n 39.0303858632327\n ],\n [\n -113.95225524902344,\n 38.678541582058195\n ],\n [\n -114.20631408691406,\n 38.678541582058195\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5650523fe4b0f162148c5cf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPhee, Darcy 0000-0002-5177-3068 dmcphee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5177-3068","contributorId":2621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"Darcy","email":"dmcphee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":412,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pari, Keith","contributorId":149774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pari","given":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Baird, Frank","contributorId":149773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baird","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70036943,"text":"70036943 - 2009 - Hydrologic and biogeochemical controls of river subsurface solutes under agriculturally enhanced ground water flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T10:59:54","indexId":"70036943","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic and biogeochemical controls of river subsurface solutes under agriculturally enhanced ground water flow","docAbstract":"The relative influences of hydrologic processes and biogeochemistry on the transport and retention of minor solutes were compared in the riverbed of the lower Merced River (California, USA). The subsurface of this reach receives ground water discharge and surface water infiltration due to an altered hydraulic setting resulting from agricultural irrigation. Filtered ground water samples were collected from 30 drive point locations in March, June, and October 2004. Hydrologic processes, described previously, were verified by observations of bromine concentrations; manganese was used to indicate redox conditions. The separate responses of the minor solutes strontium, barium, uranium, and phosphorus to these influences were examined. Correlation and principal component analyses indicate that hydrologic processes dominate the distribution of trace elements in the ground water. Redox conditions appear to be independent of hydrologic processes and account for most of the remaining data variability. With some variability, major processes are consistent in two sampling transects separated by 100 m.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq2008.0448","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Wildman, R., Domagalski, J.L., and Hering, J.G., 2009, Hydrologic and biogeochemical controls of river subsurface solutes under agriculturally enhanced ground water flow: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 38, no. 5, p. 1830-1840, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0448.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1830","endPage":"1840","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487881,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/158267","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217606,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0448"}],"volume":"38","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a353ae4b0c8380cd5fd87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wildman, R.A. Jr.","contributorId":17856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildman","given":"R.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hering, J. G.","contributorId":12647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hering","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036940,"text":"70036940 - 2009 - Landbird migration in the American West: Recent progress and future research directions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:50:20","indexId":"70036940","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landbird migration in the American West: Recent progress and future research directions","docAbstract":"Our knowledge of avian behaviors during the nonbreeding period still lags behind that of the breeding season, but the last decade has witnessed a proliferation in research that has yielded significant progress in understanding migration patterns of North American birds. And, although historically the great majority of migration research has been conducted in the eastern half of the continent, there has been much recent progress on aspects of avian migration in the West. In particular, expanded use of techniques such as radar, plasma metabolites, mist-netting, count surveys, stable isotopes, genetic data, and animal tracking, coupled with an increase in multi-investigator collaborations, have all contributed to this growth of knowledge. There is increasing recognition that migration is likely the most limiting time of year for migratory birds, increasing the importance of continuing to decipher patterns of stopover ecology, identifying critical stopover habitats, and documenting migration routes in the diverse and changing landscapes of the American West. Here, we review and briefly synthesize the latest findings and advances in avian migration and consider research needs to guide future research on migration in the West. ?? 2009 by The Cooper Ornithological Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2009.080096","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Carlisle, J., Skagen, S., Kus, B., van Riper, C., Paxton, K., and Kelly, J., 2009, Landbird migration in the American West: Recent progress and future research directions: The Condor, v. 111, no. 2, p. 211-225, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080096.","startPage":"211","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476146,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080096","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217549,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080096"},{"id":245502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a43c2e4b0c8380cd665c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlisle, J.D.","contributorId":16221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skagen, S. K. 0000-0002-6744-1244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":31348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"S. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kus, B.E.","contributorId":99492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paxton, K.L.","contributorId":78547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kelly, J.F.","contributorId":96234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037060,"text":"70037060 - 2009 - Mapping Curie temperature depth in the western United States with a fractal model for crustal magnetization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037060","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping Curie temperature depth in the western United States with a fractal model for crustal magnetization","docAbstract":"We have revisited the problem of mapping depth to the Curie temperature isotherm from magnetic anomalies in an attempt to provide a measure of crustal temperatures in the western United States. Such methods are based on the estimation of the depth to the bottom of magnetic sources, which is assumed to correspond to the temperature at which rocks lose their spontaneous magnetization. In this study, we test and apply a method based on the spectral analysis of magnetic anomalies. Early spectral analysis methods assumed that crustal magnetization is a completely uncorrelated function of position. Our method incorporates a more realistic representation where magnetization has a fractal distribution defined by three independent parameters: the depths to the top and bottom of magnetic sources and a fractal parameter related to the geology. The predictions of this model are compatible with radial power spectra obtained from aeromagnetic data in the western United States. Model parameters are mapped by estimating their value within a sliding window swept over the study area. The method works well on synthetic data sets when one of the three parameters is specified in advance. The application of this method to western United States magnetic compilations, assuming a constant fractal parameter, allowed us to detect robust long-wavelength variations in the depth to the bottom of magnetic sources. Depending on the geologic and geophysical context, these features may result from variations in depth to the Curie temperature isotherm, depth to the mantle, depth to the base of volcanic rocks, or geologic settings that affect the value of the fractal parameter. Depth to the bottom of magnetic sources shows several features correlated with prominent heat flow anomalies. It also shows some features absent in the map of heat flow. Independent geophysical and geologic data sets are examined to determine their origin, thereby providing new insights on the thermal and geologic crustal structure of the western United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009JB006494","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Bouligand, C., Glen, J., and Blakely, R., 2009, Mapping Curie temperature depth in the western United States with a fractal model for crustal magnetization: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JB006494.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476228,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://insu.hal.science/insu-00498534","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217244,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JB006494"},{"id":245174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5044e4b0c8380cd6b574","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouligand, C.","contributorId":55928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouligand","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glen, J.M.G.","contributorId":38330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"J.M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blakely, R.J. 0000-0003-1701-5236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":70755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036747,"text":"70036747 - 2009 - Seabird nest counts: A test of monitoring metrics using Red-tailed Tropicbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036747","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seabird nest counts: A test of monitoring metrics using Red-tailed Tropicbirds","docAbstract":"Counts of nesting birds are often used to monitor the abundance of breeding pairs at colonies. Mean incubation counts (MICs) are counts of nests with eggs at intervals that correspond to the mean incubation period of a species. The sum of all counts during the nesting season (MICtotal) and the highest single count during the season (MICmax) are metrics that can be generated from this method. However, the utility of these metrics as measures of the number of breeding pairs has not been well tested. We used two approaches to evaluate the bias and precision of MIC metrics for quantifying annual variation in the number of breeding Red-tailed Tropicbirds (Phaethon rubricauda) nesting on two islands in the Papahnaumokukea Marine National Monument in the northwest Hawaiian Islands. First, we used data from nest plots with individually marked birds to generate simulated MIC metrics that we compared to the known number of nesting individuals. The MICtotal overestimated the number of pairs by about 5%, whereas the MICmax underestimated the number of pairs by about 60%. However, both metrics exhibited similar precision. Second, we used a 12-yr time series of island-wide MICs to compare estimates of temporal trend and annual variation using the MICmax and MICtotal. The 95% confidence intervals for the trend estimates were overlapping and the residual standard errors for the two metrics were similar. Our results suggest that both metrics offered similar precision for indices of breeding pairs of Red-tailed Tropicbirds, but that MICtotal was more accurate. ?? 2009 Association of Field Ornithologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00233.x","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Seavy, N., and Reynolds, M., 2009, Seabird nest counts: A test of monitoring metrics using Red-tailed Tropicbirds: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 80, no. 3, p. 297-302, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00233.x.","startPage":"297","endPage":"302","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217767,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00233.x"},{"id":245731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8824e4b08c986b316803","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seavy, N.E.","contributorId":26403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seavy","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, M.H. 0000-0001-7253-8158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-8158","contributorId":64214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"M.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036802,"text":"70036802 - 2009 - Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T15:56:35.37842","indexId":"70036802","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary","docAbstract":"This study assessed foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, a heavily utilized estuary, interpreting changes over the past 65 years and providing a baseline for future comparisons. Analyses of foraminiferal data at the genus level revealed three distinct biotopes. The assemblage from the northern bay was characterized by stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia, present in low abundances (∼2.0 × 103 foraminifers/gram) though relatively high diversity (∼19 genera/sample). The southwestern margin of the bay was dominated by Ammonia and Quinqueloculina, an assemblage characterized by the lowest diversities (∼12 genera/sample) and highest abundances (∼1.1 × 104 foraminifers/gram), influenced by both reduced salinity and elevated organic-carbon concentrations. A diverse assemblage of smaller miliolids and rotaliids (∼26 genera/sample) characterized the open-bay assemblage, which also had a significant component (∼10%) of taxa that host algal endosymbionts. In the past 65 years, populations of symbiont-bearing taxa, which are indicators of normal-marine conditions, have decreased while stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia spp., have increased in predominance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.008","usgsCitation":"Carnahan, E.A., Hoare, A., Hallock, P., Lidz, B.H., and Reich, C., 2009, Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 59, no. 8-12, p. 221-233, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.38823047876525,\n 25.304375216026585\n ],\n [\n -80.37247201524954,\n 25.288940592693834\n ],\n [\n -80.34620790938924,\n 25.281816257690082\n ],\n [\n -80.23852507536327,\n 25.36965378620114\n ],\n [\n -80.17286481071336,\n 25.509586973044307\n ],\n [\n -80.15316673131825,\n 25.669480206069977\n ],\n [\n -80.15185352602535,\n 25.72982863196887\n ],\n [\n -80.13872134508031,\n 25.76767803684764\n ],\n [\n -80.18730994092095,\n 25.78186869567662\n ],\n [\n -80.24771738439917,\n 25.715631109091248\n ],\n [\n -80.31731726492848,\n 25.60673214322466\n ],\n [\n -80.31600405963493,\n 25.554614912521558\n ],\n [\n -80.34226816549527,\n 25.516697226572603\n ],\n [\n -80.33964175490944,\n 25.440825922291197\n ],\n [\n -80.3540870131322,\n 25.434896461233592\n ],\n [\n -80.38823047876525,\n 25.304375216026585\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"8-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1308e4b0c8380cd544be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carnahan, E. 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One way in which dams affect ecosystem function is by altering the distribution and abundance of aquatic species. 2. Previous studies indicate that migratory shrimps have significant effects on ecosystem processes in Puerto Rican streams, but are vulnerable to impediments to upstream or downstream passage, such as dams and associated water intakes where stream water is withdrawn for human water supplies. Ecological effects of dams and water withdrawals from streams depend on spatial context and temporal variability of flow in relation to the amount of water withdrawn. 3. This paper presents a conceptual model for estimating the probability that an individual shrimp is able to migrate from a stream's headwaters to the estuary as a larva, and then return to the headwaters as a juvenile, given a set of dams and water withdrawals in the stream network. The model is applied to flow and withdrawal data for a set of dams and water withdrawals in the Caribbean National Forest (CNF) in Puerto Rico. 4. The index of longitudinal riverine connectivity (ILRC), is used to classify 17 water intakes in streams draining the CNF as having low, moderate, or high connectivity in terms of shrimp migration in both directions. An in-depth comparison of two streams showed that the stream characterized by higher water withdrawal had low connectivity, even during wet periods. Severity of effects is illustrated by a drought year, where the most downstream intake caused 100% larval shrimp mortality 78% of the year. 5. The ranking system provided by the index can be used as a tool for conservation ecologists and water resource managers to evaluate the relative vulnerability of migratory biota in streams, across different scales (reach-network), to seasonally low flows and extended drought. This information can be used to help evaluate the environmental tradeoffs of future water withdrawals. ?? 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/aqc.1025","issn":"10527613","usgsCitation":"Crook, K., Pringle, C.M., and Freeman, M.C., 2009, A method to assess longitudinal riverine connectivity in tropical streams dominated by migratory biota: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, v. 19, no. 6, p. 714-723, https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.1025.","startPage":"714","endPage":"723","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217154,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.1025"},{"id":245075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e45fe4b0c8380cd465f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crook, K.E.","contributorId":19410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crook","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pringle, C. M.","contributorId":72902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pringle","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037132,"text":"70037132 - 2009 - Design of smart sensing components for volcano monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037132","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3034,"text":"Pervasive and Mobile Computing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design of smart sensing components for volcano monitoring","docAbstract":"In a volcano monitoring application, various geophysical and geochemical sensors generate continuous high-fidelity data, and there is a compelling need for real-time raw data for volcano eruption prediction research. It requires the network to support network synchronized sampling, online configurable sensing and situation awareness, which pose significant challenges on sensing component design. Ideally, the resource usages shall be driven by the environment and node situations, and the data quality is optimized under resource constraints. In this paper, we present our smart sensing component design, including hybrid time synchronization, configurable sensing, and situation awareness. Both design details and evaluation results are presented to show their efficiency. Although the presented design is for a volcano monitoring application, its design philosophy and framework can also apply to other similar applications and platforms. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pervasive and Mobile Computing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.pmcj.2009.06.004","issn":"15741192","usgsCitation":"Xu, M., Song, W., Huang, R., Peng, Y., Shirazi, B., LaHusen, R., Kiely, A., Peterson, N., Ma, A., Anusuya-Rangappa, L., Miceli, M., and McBride, D., 2009, Design of smart sensing components for volcano monitoring: Pervasive and Mobile Computing, v. 5, no. 5, p. 639-653, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmcj.2009.06.004.","startPage":"639","endPage":"653","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217310,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmcj.2009.06.004"},{"id":245245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff41e4b0c8380cd4f0ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, M.","contributorId":11441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Song, W.-Z.","contributorId":23334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Song","given":"W.-Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, R.","contributorId":88578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peng, Y.","contributorId":78970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shirazi, B.","contributorId":78162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shirazi","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaHusen, R.","contributorId":7446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaHusen","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kiely, A.","contributorId":10198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiely","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Peterson, N.","contributorId":32668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ma, A.","contributorId":11442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Anusuya-Rangappa, L.","contributorId":62056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anusuya-Rangappa","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Miceli, M.","contributorId":101920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miceli","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"McBride, D.","contributorId":91337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70036593,"text":"70036593 - 2009 - A simplified water temperature model for the Colorado River below Glen Canyon Dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T10:59:04","indexId":"70036593","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simplified water temperature model for the Colorado River below Glen Canyon Dam","docAbstract":"Glen Canyon Dam, located on the Colorado River in northern Arizona, has affected the physical, biological and cultural resources of the river downstream in Grand Canyon. One of the impacts to the downstream physical environment that has important implications for the aquatic ecosystem is the transformation of the thermal regime from highly variable seasonally to relatively constant year-round, owing to hypolimnetic releases from the upstream reservoir, Lake Powell. Because of the perceived impacts on the downstream aquatic ecosystem and native fish communities, the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program has considered modifications to flow releases and release temperatures designed to increase downstream temperatures. Here, we present a new model of monthly average water temperatures below Glen Canyon Dam designed for first-order, relatively simple evaluation of various alternative dam operations. The model is based on a simplified heat-exchange equation, and model parameters are estimated empirically. The model predicts monthly average temperatures at locations up to 421 km downstream from the dam with average absolute errors less than 0.58C for the dataset considered. The modelling approach used here may also prove useful for other systems, particularly below large dams where release temperatures are substantially out of equilibrium with meteorological conditions. We also present some examples of how the model can be used to evaluate scenarios for the operation of Glen Canyon Dam.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.1179","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Wright, S., Anderson, C., and Voichick, N., 2009, A simplified water temperature model for the Colorado River below Glen Canyon Dam: River Research and Applications, v. 25, no. 6, p. 675-686, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1179.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"686","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217758,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1179"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e595e4b0c8380cd46e4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, S.A.","contributorId":90080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, C.R.","contributorId":37181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"C.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voichick, N.","contributorId":7118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voichick","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70176176,"text":"70176176 - 2009 - Integrating terrestrial LiDAR and stereo photogrammetry to map the Tolay lakebed in northern San Francisco Bay","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70176176,"text":"70176176 - 2009 - Integrating terrestrial LiDAR and stereo photogrammetry to map the Tolay lakebed in northern San Francisco Bay","indexId":"70176176","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Integrating terrestrial LiDAR and stereo photogrammetry to map the Tolay lakebed in northern San Francisco Bay"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":97928,"text":"sir20095049 - 2009 - Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","indexId":"sir20095049","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":97928,"text":"sir20095049 - 2009 - Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","indexId":"sir20095049","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-08T16:36:30.322055","indexId":"70176176","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Integrating terrestrial LiDAR and stereo photogrammetry to map the Tolay lakebed in northern San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"The Tolay Creek Watershed drains approximately 3,520 ha along the northern edge of San Francisco Bay. Surrounded by a mosaic of open space conservation easements and public wildlife areas, it is one of the only watersheds in this urbanized estuary that is protected from its headwaters to the bay. Tolay Lake is a seasonal, spring-fed lake found in the upper watershed that historically extended over 120 ha. Although the lakebed was farmed since the early 1860s, the majority of the lakebed was recently acquired by the Sonoma County Regional Parks Department to restore its natural habitat values. As part of the restoration planning process, we produced a digital elevation model (DEM) of the historic extent of Tolay Lake by integrating terrestrial LiDAR (light detection and ranging) and stereo photogrammetry datasets, and real-time kinematic (RTK) global positioning system (GPS) surveys. We integrated the data, generated a DEM of the lakebed and upland areas, and analyzed errors. The accuracy of the composite DEM was verified using spot elevations obtained from the RTK GPS. Thus, we found that by combining photogrammetry, terrestrial LiDAR, and RTK GPS, we created an accurate baseline elevation map to use in watershed restoration planning and design.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Third interagency conference on research in the watersheds","conferenceDate":"September 8-11, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Estes Park, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Woo, I., Storesund, R., Takekawa, J.Y., Gardiner, R.J., and Ehret, S., 2009, Integrating terrestrial LiDAR and stereo photogrammetry to map the Tolay lakebed in northern San Francisco Bay, in Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation, Estes Park, CO, September 8-11, 2008, p. 279-284.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"284","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010725","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328098,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5049/pdf/Woo.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"northern San Francisco Bay, Tolay Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.52725601196288,\n 38.1975848123397\n ],\n [\n -122.51,\n 38.1975848123397\n ],\n [\n -122.51,\n 38.21748069161304\n ],\n [\n -122.52725601196288,\n 38.21748069161304\n ],\n [\n -122.52725601196288,\n 38.1975848123397\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7ffb4e4b0f2f0cebfc27e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woo, Isa 0000-0002-8447-9236 iwoo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-9236","contributorId":2524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woo","given":"Isa","email":"iwoo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storesund, Rune Rune","contributorId":121326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storesund","given":"Rune","suffix":"Rune","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardiner, Rachel J.","contributorId":174164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardiner","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ehret, Steve Steve","contributorId":121092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehret","given":"Steve","suffix":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032459,"text":"70032459 - 2009 - Titan's surface at 2.2-cm wavelength imaged by the Cassini RADAR radiometer: Calibration and first results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032459","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Titan's surface at 2.2-cm wavelength imaged by the Cassini RADAR radiometer: Calibration and first results","docAbstract":"The first comprehensive calibration and mapping of the thermal microwave emission from Titan's surface is reported based on radiometric data obtained at 2.2-cm wavelength by the passive radiometer included in the Cassini Radar instrument. The data reported were accumulated from 69 separate observational segments in Titan passes from Ta (October 2004) through T30 (May 2007) and include emission from 94% of Titan's surface. They are diverse in the key observing parameters of emission angle, polarization, and spatial resolution, and their reduction into calibrated global mosaic maps involved several steps. Analysis of the polarimetry obtained at low to moderate resolution (50+ km) enabled integration of the radiometry into a single mosaic of the equivalent brightness temperature at normal incidence with a relative precision of about 1 K. The Huygens probe measurement of Titan's surface temperature and radiometry obtained on Titan's dune fields allowed us to infer an absolute calibration estimated to be accurate to a level approaching 1 K. The results provide evidence for a surface that is complex and varied on large scales. The radiometry primarily constrains physical properties of the surface, where we see strong evidence for subsurface (volume) scattering as a dominant mechanism that determines the emissivity, with the possibility of a fluffy or graded-density surface layer in many regions. The results are consistent with, but not necessarily definitive of a surface composition resulting from the slow deposition and processing of organic compounds from the atmosphere. ?? 2008 Elsevier Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2008.10.017","issn":"00191","usgsCitation":"Janssen, M., Lorenz, R.D., West, R., Paganelli, F., Lopes, R., Kirk, R.L., Elachi, C., Wall, S.D., Johnson, W., Anderson, Y., Boehmer, R., Callahan, P., Gim, Y., Hamilton, G., Kelleher, K., Roth, L., Stiles, B., and Le, G.A., 2009, Titan's surface at 2.2-cm wavelength imaged by the Cassini RADAR radiometer: Calibration and first results: Icarus, v. 200, no. 1, p. 222-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.10.017.","startPage":"222","endPage":"239","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213882,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.10.017"},{"id":241548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"200","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb41de4b08c986b3261b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janssen, M.A.","contributorId":28345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janssen","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, R. 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D.","contributorId":86468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wall","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, W.T.K.","contributorId":27174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Anderson, Y.","contributorId":60369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Boehmer, R.A.","contributorId":59254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehmer","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Callahan, P.","contributorId":22889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callahan","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Gim, Y.","contributorId":14934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gim","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hamilton, G.A.","contributorId":88963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Kelleher, K.D.","contributorId":67739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelleher","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Roth, L.","contributorId":70978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Stiles, B.","contributorId":59547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Le, Gall A.","contributorId":36764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Le","given":"Gall","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70032738,"text":"70032738 - 2009 - Hierarchical Bayesian Markov switching models with application to predicting spawning success of shovelnose sturgeon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032738","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2568,"text":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical Bayesian Markov switching models with application to predicting spawning success of shovelnose sturgeon","docAbstract":"The timing of spawning in fish is tightly linked to environmental factors; however, these factors are not very well understood for many species. Specifically, little information is available to guide recruitment efforts for endangered species such as the sturgeon. Therefore, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical model for predicting the success of spawning of the shovelnose sturgeon which uses both biological and behavioural (longitudinal) data. In particular, we use data that were produced from a tracking study that was conducted in the Lower Missouri River. The data that were produced from this study consist of biological variables associated with readiness to spawn along with longitudinal behavioural data collected by using telemetry and archival data storage tags. These high frequency data are complex both biologically and in the underlying behavioural process. To accommodate such complexity we developed a hierarchical linear regression model that uses an eigenvalue predictor, derived from the transition probability matrix of a two-state Markov switching model with generalized auto-regressive conditional heteroscedastic dynamics. Finally, to minimize the computational burden that is associated with estimation of this model, a parallel computing approach is proposed. ?? Journal compilation 2009 Royal Statistical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9876.2008.00642.x","issn":"00359","usgsCitation":"Holan, S., Davis, G.M., Wildhaber, M., DeLonay, A., and Papoulias, D., 2009, Hierarchical Bayesian Markov switching models with application to predicting spawning success of shovelnose sturgeon: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics, v. 58, no. 1, p. 47-64, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9876.2008.00642.x.","startPage":"47","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213984,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9876.2008.00642.x"},{"id":241666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3099e4b0c8380cd5d7a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holan, S. H.","contributorId":76453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holan","given":"S. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, G. M.","contributorId":7510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wildhaber, M. L. 0000-0002-6538-9083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":62961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeLonay, A. J. 0000-0002-3752-2799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":34246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"A. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Papoulias, D. M. 0000-0002-5106-2469","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5106-2469","contributorId":58759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papoulias","given":"D. 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We used data from a large noninvasive genetic sampling effort conducted in 2004 and 33 years of physical captures to assess abundance, distribution, and genetic health of this population. We combined data from our 3 sampling methods (hair trap, bear rub, and physical capture) to construct individual bear encounter histories for use in Huggins-Pledger closed mark-recapture models. Our population estimate, N?? = 765 (95% CI = 715-831) was more than double the existing estimate derived from sightings of females with young. Based on our results, the estimated known, human-caused mortality rate in 2004 was 4.6% (95% CI = 4.2-4.9%), slightly above the 4% considered sustainable; however, the high proportion of female mortalities raises concern. We used location data from telemetry, confirmed sightings, and genetic sampling to estimate occupied habitat. We found that grizzly bears occupied 33,480 km2 in the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem (NCDE) during 1994-2007, including 10,340 km beyond the Recovery Zone. We used factorial correspondence analysis to identify potential barriers to gene flow within this population. Our results suggested that genetic interchange recently increased in areas with low gene flow in the past; however, we also detected evidence of incipient fragmentation across the major transportation corridor in this ecosystem. Our results suggest that the NCDE population is faring better than previously thought, and they highlight the need for a more rigorous monitoring program.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2008-330","issn":"00225","usgsCitation":"Kendall, K., Stetz, J., Boulanger, J., Macleod, A., Paetkau, D., and White, G.C., 2009, Demography and genetic structure of a recovering grizzly bear population: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 73, no. 1, p. 3-17, https://doi.org/10.2193/2008-330.","startPage":"3","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213618,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2008-330"},{"id":335573,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7Q81B63","text":"Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) genetic profiles (1998-2012)"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe88e4b0c8380cd4ed99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, K.C.","contributorId":39716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stetz, J.B.","contributorId":74207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stetz","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boulanger, J.","contributorId":18584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulanger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Macleod, A.C.","contributorId":41660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macleod","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paetkau, David","contributorId":97712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paetkau","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":26256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033813,"text":"70033813 - 2009 - Assessing spatial uncertainty in reservoir characterization for carbon sequestration planning using public well-log data: A case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033813","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1541,"text":"Environmental Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing spatial uncertainty in reservoir characterization for carbon sequestration planning using public well-log data: A case study","docAbstract":"Mapping and characterization of potential geologic reservoirs are key components in planning carbon dioxide (CO2) injection projects. The geometry of target and confining layers is vital to ensure that the injected CO2 remains in a supercritical state and is confined to the target layer. Also, maps of injection volume (porosity) are necessary to estimate sequestration capacity at undrilled locations. Our study uses publicly filed geophysical logs and geostatistical modeling methods to investigate the reliability of spatial prediction for oil and gas plays in the Medina Group (sandstone and shale facies) in northwestern Pennsylvania. Specifically, the modeling focused on two targets: the Grimsby Formation and Whirlpool Sandstone. For each layer, thousands of data points were available to model structure and thickness but only hundreds were available to support volumetric modeling because of the rarity of density-porosity logs in the public records. Geostatistical analysis based on this data resulted in accurate structure models, less accurate isopach models, and inconsistent models of pore volume. Of the two layers studied, only the Whirlpool Sandstone data provided for a useful spatial model of pore volume. Where reliable models for spatial prediction are absent, the best predictor available for unsampled locations is the mean value of the data, and potential sequestration sites should be planned as close as possible to existing wells with volumetric data. ?? 2009. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists/Division of Environmental Geosciences. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/eg.04080909008","issn":"10759565","usgsCitation":"Venteris, E., and Carter, K., 2009, Assessing spatial uncertainty in reservoir characterization for carbon sequestration planning using public well-log data: A case study: Environmental Geosciences, v. 16, no. 4, p. 211-234, https://doi.org/10.1306/eg.04080909008.","startPage":"211","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214501,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.04080909008"},{"id":242234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ede2e4b0c8380cd49a96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Venteris, E.R.","contributorId":13017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venteris","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, K.M.","contributorId":100209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032775,"text":"70032775 - 2009 - Histopathology of repeated, intermittent exposure of chloramine-T to walleye (Sander vitreum) and (Ictalurus punctalus) channel catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032775","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Histopathology of repeated, intermittent exposure of chloramine-T to walleye (Sander vitreum) and (Ictalurus punctalus) channel catfish","docAbstract":"Chloramine-T (Cl-T) has been used safely and effectively to control bacterial gill disease in salmonids at a maximum exposure regimen of up to four consecutive, once-daily exposures administered for 60??min at 20??mg/L. However, data to document safe treatment concentrations of Cl-T are lacking for freshwater-reared fish other than salmonids. We report the histopathology resultant from the administration of 12 consecutive, once-daily, 180-min static immersion baths of 0, 20, 50, or 80??mg Cl-T/L to walleye (20????C) and channel catfish (27????C). Twelve fish of each species were euthanized immediately before the first exposure (initial controls) and then after the twelfth exposure and 7 and 14??days after the twelfth exposure. Only initial controls and fish euthanized immediately after the twelfth exposure were processed for histological review because of the general lack of exposure-related lesions in exposed fish. The only exposure-related histological changes were in the spleen where significantly greater erythrocyte swelling and necrosis was observed in channel catfish exposed at 80??mg/L relative to exposure at 0??mg/L; similar histological changes were insignificant for walleye, though there appeared to be a shift in the general category of histological change with degenerative changes (necrosis, etc.) observed following exposure at 50 or 80??mg/L compared to the inflammatory and hemodynamic changes (congestion, leukocyte infiltrate, etc.) observed in walleye exposed at 0 or 20??mg/L. The only significant change in peripheral blood cytology was that walleye fingerlings exposed at 80??mg/L had significantly fewer mature red blood cells and significantly more immature red blood cells per oil-immersion field than controls. The histopathological changes observed following exposure to Cl-T under an exaggerated exposure regimen suggest that walleye or channel catfish therapeutically exposed to Cl-T will not have treatment-related histological changes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquaculture","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.10.020","issn":"00448","usgsCitation":"Gaikowski, M., Densmore, C.L., and Blazer, V., 2009, Histopathology of repeated, intermittent exposure of chloramine-T to walleye (Sander vitreum) and (Ictalurus punctalus) channel catfish: Aquaculture, v. 287, no. 1-2, p. 28-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.10.020.","startPage":"28","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214015,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.10.020"},{"id":241700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"287","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3158e4b0c8380cd5de4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaikowski, M.P. 0000-0002-6507-9341","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":51685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, Christine L.","contributorId":18316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032817,"text":"70032817 - 2009 - Research on the middle-of-receiver-spread assumption of the MASW method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032817","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3418,"text":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Research on the middle-of-receiver-spread assumption of the MASW method","docAbstract":"The multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) method has been effectively used to determine near-surface shear- (S-) wave velocity. Estimating the S-wave velocity profile from Rayleigh-wave measurements is straightforward. A three-step process is required to obtain S-wave velocity profiles: acquisition of a multiple number of multichannel records along a linear survey line by use of the roll-along mode, extraction of dispersion curves of Rayleigh waves, and inversion of dispersion curves for an S-wave velocity profile for each shot gather. A pseudo-2D S-wave velocity section can be generated by aligning 1D S-wave velocity models. In this process, it is very important to understand where the inverted 1D S-wave velocity profile should be located: the midpoint of each spread (a middle-of-receiver-spread assumption) or somewhere between the source and the last receiver. In other words, the extracted dispersion curve is determined by the geophysical structure within the geophone spread or strongly affected by the source geophysical structure. In this paper, dispersion curves of synthetic datasets and a real-world example are calculated by fixing the receiver spread and changing the source location. Results demonstrate that the dispersion curves are mainly determined by structures within a receiver spread. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2008.01.009","issn":"02677","usgsCitation":"Luo, Y., Xia, J., Liu, J., Xu, Y., and Liu, Q., 2009, Research on the middle-of-receiver-spread assumption of the MASW method: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, v. 29, no. 1, p. 71-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2008.01.009.","startPage":"71","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213622,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2008.01.009"},{"id":241268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa935e4b0c8380cd85c98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luo, Y.","contributorId":28417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, Q.","contributorId":17827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033041,"text":"70033041 - 2009 - Transport of viruses through saturated and unsaturated columns packed with sand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T10:26:25","indexId":"70033041","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3646,"text":"Transport in Porous Media","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport of viruses through saturated and unsaturated columns packed with sand","docAbstract":"Laboratory-scale virus transport experiments were conducted in columns packed with sand under saturated and unsaturated conditions. The viruses employed were the male-specific RNA coliphage, MS2, and the Salmonella typhimurium phage, PRD1. The mathematical model developed by Sim and Chrysikopoulos (Water Resour Res 36:173–179, 2000) that accounts for processes responsible for removal of viruses during vertical transport in one-dimensional, unsaturated porous media was used to fit the data collected from the laboratory experiments. The liquid to liquid–solid and liquid to air–liquid interface mass transfer rate coefficients were shown to increase for both bacteriophage as saturation levels were reduced. The experimental results indicate that even for unfavorable attachment conditions within a sand column (e.g., phosphate-buffered saline solution; pH = 7.5; ionic strength = 2 mM), saturation levels can affect virus transport through porous media.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11242-008-9239-3","issn":"01693","usgsCitation":"Anders, R., and Chrysikopoulos, C., 2009, Transport of viruses through saturated and unsaturated columns packed with sand: Transport in Porous Media, v. 76, no. 1, p. 121-138, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-008-9239-3.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"138","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213488,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-008-9239-3"}],"volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb75ae4b08c986b3271f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anders, R.","contributorId":74174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anders","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chrysikopoulos, C.V.","contributorId":16214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chrysikopoulos","given":"C.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033128,"text":"70033128 - 2009 - Calibration of an estuarine sediment transport model to sediment fluxes as an intermediate step for simulation of geomorphic evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T09:52:45","indexId":"70033128","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calibration of an estuarine sediment transport model to sediment fluxes as an intermediate step for simulation of geomorphic evolution","docAbstract":"Modeling geomorphic evolution in estuaries is necessary to model the fate of legacy contaminants in the bed sediment and the effect of climate change, watershed alterations, sea level rise, construction projects, and restoration efforts. Coupled hydrodynamic and sediment transport models used for this purpose typically are calibrated to water level, currents, and/or suspended-sediment concentrations. However, small errors in these tidal-timescale models can accumulate to cause major errors in geomorphic evolution, which may not be obvious. Here we present an intermediate step towards simulating decadal-timescale geomorphic change: calibration to estimated sediment fluxes (mass/time) at two cross-sections within an estuary. Accurate representation of sediment fluxes gives confidence in representation of sediment supply to and from the estuary during those periods. Several years of sediment flux data are available for the landward and seaward boundaries of Suisun Bay, California, the landward-most embayment of San Francisco Bay. Sediment flux observations suggest that episodic freshwater flows export sediment from Suisun Bay, while gravitational circulation during the dry season imports sediment from seaward sources. The Regional Oceanic Modeling System (ROMS), a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic/sediment transport model, was adapted for Suisun Bay, for the purposes of hindcasting 19th and 20th century bathymetric change, and simulating geomorphic response to sea level rise and climatic variability in the 21st century. The sediment transport parameters were calibrated using the sediment flux data from 1997 (a relatively wet year) and 2004 (a relatively dry year). The remaining years of data (1998, 2002, 2003) were used for validation. The model represents the inter-annual and annual sediment flux variability, while net sediment import/export is accurately modeled for three of the five years. The use of sediment flux data for calibrating an estuarine geomorphic model guarantees that modeled geomorphic evolution will not exceed the actual supply of sediment from the watershed and seaward sources during the calibration period. Decadal trends in sediment supply (and therefore fluxes) can accumulate to alter decadal geomorphic change. Therefore, simulations of future geomorphic evolution are bolstered by this intermediate calibration step.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Continental Shelf Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2007.09.005","issn":"02784","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., and Schoellhamer, D., 2009, Calibration of an estuarine sediment transport model to sediment fluxes as an intermediate step for simulation of geomorphic evolution: Continental Shelf Research, v. 29, no. 1, p. 148-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2007.09.005.","startPage":"148","endPage":"158","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213277,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2007.09.005"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f316e4b0c8380cd4b5be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, N. K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":64782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"N. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, D. H. 0000-0001-9488-7340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":85624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"D. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}