The U.S.Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center has conducted trawl surveys to assess annual changes in the deepwater demersal fish community of Lake Huron since 1973. Since 1992, surveys have been carried out using a 21 m wing trawl towed on-contour at depths ranging from 9 to 110 m on fixed transects. Sample sites include five ports in U.S. waters with less frequent sampling near Goderich, Ontario. The 2008 fall bottom trawl survey was carried out between October 24 and November 20, 2008 and sampled only the three northern U.S. ports at DeTour, Hammond Bay, and Alpena due to mechanical problems with the research vessel and prolonged periods of bad weather. Therefore, all data presented for 2008 are based on samples collected from these ports. Compared to previous years, alewife populations in Lake Huron remain at low levels after collapsing in 2004. Age-0 alewife density and biomass appears to have increased slightly but overall levels remain near the nadir observed in 2004. Density and biomass of adult and juvenile rainbow smelt showed a decrease from 2007 despite record-high abundance of juveniles observed in 2005, suggesting recruitment was low. Numbers of adult and juvenile bloater were low despite recent high year-classes. Abundances for most other prey species were similar to the low levels observed in 2005 - 2007. We captured one wild juvenile lake trout in 2008 representing the fifth consecutive year that wild lake trout were captured in the survey. Based on pairwise graphical comparisons and nonparametric correlation analyses, dynamics of prey abundance at the three northern ports followed lakewide trends since 1992. Density of benthic macroinvertebrates was at an all-time low in 2008 since sampling began in 2001. The decline in abundance was due to decreases in all taxonomic groups and a large reduction in recruitment of quagga mussels. Density of Diporeia at northern ports in 2008 was the lowest observed. Diporeia were found only at 73-m sites of three ports sampled in northern Lake Huron. While no lakewide estimate of prey biomass was calculated due to the limited spatial scope of the 2008 survey, existing data suggest prey biomass remains depressed. Prey available to salmonids during 2009 will likely be small alewives, small rainbow smelt and small bloaters. Predators in Lake Huron will continue to face potential prey shortages.
","conferenceTitle":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission, Lake Huron Committee Meeting","conferenceDate":"March 27, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Ypsilanti, MI","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Roseman, E., O’Brien, T.P., Riley, S.C., Farha, S., and French, J.R., 2009, Status and trends of the Lake Huron deepwater demersal fish ommunity, 2008, Great Lakes Fishery Commission, Lake Huron Committee Meeting, Ypsilanti, MI, March 27, 2009, 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-012475","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340122,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313268,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glsc.usgs.gov/products/reports/2061639626"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Huron","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58fdbd1ce4b0074928294493","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. eroseman@usgs.gov","contributorId":147266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","email":"eroseman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":584227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Brien, Timothy P. 0000-0003-4502-5204 tiobrien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4502-5204","contributorId":2662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Timothy","email":"tiobrien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riley, Stephen C. 0000-0002-8968-8416 sriley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8968-8416","contributorId":2661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Stephen","email":"sriley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":584230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farha, Steven A. 0000-0001-9953-6996 sfarha@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-6996","contributorId":5170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farha","given":"Steven","email":"sfarha@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"French, John R. 0000-0001-8901-7092 frenchjrp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8901-7092","contributorId":2519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"John","email":"frenchjrp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033168,"text":"70033168 - 2009 - PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs, OC pesticides and mercury in fish and osprey eggs from Willamette River, Oregon (1993, 2001 and 2006) with calculated biomagnification factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:28:59","indexId":"70033168","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs, OC pesticides and mercury in fish and osprey eggs from Willamette River, Oregon (1993, 2001 and 2006) with calculated biomagnification factors","docAbstract":"The osprey (Pandion haliaetus) population nesting along the main stem Willamette River and lower Santiam River was first studied to evaluate contaminants and reproductive rates in 1993 when 78 occupied nests were present. By 2001, the population increased to 234 occupied nests, a 13.7% annual rate of population increase. A sample egg was collected from each of a series of nests along the Upper River (river mile 55-187) in 1993, 2001 and 2006 to evaluate trends of persistent contaminants (organochlorine [OC] pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins [PCDDs], and polychlorinated dibenzofurans [PCDFs]). Nearly all OC pesticide residues decreased significantly, e.g., p, p?-DDE (DDE) from 2,350 to 1,353 to 210 ??g/kg wet weight (ww). PCBs followed a similar pattern over time, e.g., ???PCBs 688 to 245 to 182 ??g/kg ww, while PCDDs and PCDFs showed a more precipitous decline (often 85-95%) between 1993 and 2001, with no egg analyses warranted in 2006. During 2001-2002, sample osprey eggs were also collected from nests at three Headwater Reservoirs and two lower reaches (Newberg Pool and Tidal Portland) of the Willamette River, as well as the lower portion of the Santiam River to evaluate spatial residue patterns. Significant differences were seldom detected among the different sampling areas for OC pesticides (probably due to small sample sizes), although higher concentrations were often seen in the lower reaches, e.g., DDE 901 ??g/kg ww (Headwater Reservoirs), 1,353 (Upper River), 1,384 (Newberg Pool) and 2,676 (Tidal Portland). PCB congener concentrations in eggs were usually higher in the Tidal Portland reach than at other locations and often significantly higher than at the Headwater Reservoirs or Upper River. Mercury (first analyzed in eggs in 2001), PCDDs and PCDFs were extremely low in 2001/2002 with no significant spatial patterns. Whole fish composite samples of largescale sucker (Catastomus macrocheilus) and northern pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis), which account for about 90% of the biomass in the diet of this osprey population, were also collected from the Willamette River in 1993 and 2001 and analyzed for the same contaminants as osprey eggs. Contaminant residues in fish from the Upper River decreased between 1993 and 2001, paralleling findings for osprey eggs. Likewise, spatial patterns for fish residues paralleled findings for osprey eggs from the different reaches in 2001. A second empirical estimate of biomagnification factors (BMFs) from fish to osprey eggs for OC pesticides, PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs (ww and lipid weight [lw] basis) was calculated based on residue data collected in 2001. The two independent BMF estimates (1993 and 2001) for each contaminant from the Upper River provide a measure of consistency, e.g., DDE (ww) 87 and 79, (lw) 103 and 112; ???PCBs (ww) 11 and 8.4, (lw) 13 and 12. Mercury did not biomagnify from fish to osprey eggs (BMF = 0.60). Legacy contaminants investigated had limited (perhaps only DDE), if any, effects on reproductive success of the increasing osprey population nesting along the Willamette River by 2001. ?? 2008 U.S. Government.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10646-008-0268-z","issn":"09639","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Kaiser, J.L., and Grove, R.A., 2009, PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs, OC pesticides and mercury in fish and osprey eggs from Willamette River, Oregon (1993, 2001 and 2006) with calculated biomagnification factors: Ecotoxicology, v. 18, no. 2, p. 151-173, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-008-0268-z.","startPage":"151","endPage":"173","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213367,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-008-0268-z"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7341e4b0c8380cd76f28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaiser, J. L.","contributorId":27602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"J.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grove, R. A.","contributorId":6546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grove","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033921,"text":"70033921 - 2009 - Surface complexation modeling of U(VI) adsorption by aquifer sediments from a former mill tailings site at Rifle, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033921","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface complexation modeling of U(VI) adsorption by aquifer sediments from a former mill tailings site at Rifle, Colorado","docAbstract":"A study of U(VI) adsorption by aquifer sediment samples from a former uranium mill tailings site at Rifle, Colorado, was conducted under oxic conditions as a function of pH, U(VI), Ca, and dissolved carbonate concentration. Batch adsorption experiments were performed using <2mm size sediment fractions, a sand-sized fraction, and artificial groundwater solutions prepared to simulate the field groundwater composition. To encompass the geochemical conditions of the alluvial aquifer at the site, the experimental conditions ranged from 6.8 ?? 10-8 to 10-5 M in [U(VI)]tot, 7.2 to 8.0 in pH, 3.0 ?? 10-3 to 6.0 ?? 10 -3 M in [Ca2+], and 0.05 to 2.6% in partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Surface area normalized U(VI) adsorption Kd values for the sand and <2 mm sediment fraction were similar, suggesting a similar reactive surface coating on both fractions. A two-site two-reaction, nonelectrostatic generalized composite surface complexation model was developed and successfully simulated the U(VI) adsorption data. The model successfully predicted U(VI) adsorption observed from a multilevel sampling well installed at the site. A comparison of the model with the one developed previously for a uranium mill tailings site at Naturita, Colorado, indicated that possible calcite nonequilibrium of dissolved calcium concentration should be evaluated. The modeling results also illustrate the importance of the range of data used in deriving the best fit model parameters. ?? 2009 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es902164n","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Hyun, S., Fox, P., Davis, J., Campbell, K., Hayes, K., and Long, P., 2009, Surface complexation modeling of U(VI) adsorption by aquifer sediments from a former mill tailings site at Rifle, Colorado: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 24, p. 9368-9373, https://doi.org/10.1021/es902164n.","startPage":"9368","endPage":"9373","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214186,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es902164n"},{"id":241880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f9ce4b08c986b31e6f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hyun, S.P.","contributorId":88164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyun","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fox, P.M.","contributorId":47949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, K.M.","contributorId":42438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hayes, K.F.","contributorId":103089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Long, P.E.","contributorId":37514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032751,"text":"70032751 - 2009 - Acid rock drainage and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T10:57:06","indexId":"70032751","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acid rock drainage and climate change","docAbstract":"Rainfall events cause both increases and decreases in acid and metals concentrations and their loadings from mine wastes, and unmined mineralized areas, into receiving streams based on data from 3 mines sites in the United States and other sites outside the US. Gradual increases in concentrations occur during long dry spells and sudden large increases are observed during the rising limb of the discharge following dry spells (first flush). By the time the discharge peak has occurred, concentrations are usually decreased, often to levels below those of pre-storm conditions and then they slowly rise again during the next dry spell. These dynamic changes in concentrations and loadings are related to the dissolution of soluble salts and the flushing out of waters that were concentrated by evaporation. The underlying processes, pyrite oxidation and host rock dissolution, do not end until the pyrite is fully weathered, which can take hundreds to thousands of years. These observations can be generalized to predict future conditions caused by droughts related to El Ni??o and climate change associated with global warming. Already, the time period for dry summers is lengthening in the western US and rainstorms are further apart and more intense when they happen. Consequently, flushing of inactive or active mine sites and mineralized but unmined sites will cause larger sudden increases in concentrations that will be an ever increasing danger to aquatic life with climate change. Higher average concentrations will be observed during longer low-flow periods. Remediation efforts will have to increase the capacity of engineered designs to deal with more extreme conditions, not average conditions of previous years.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.08.002","issn":"03756","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., 2009, Acid rock drainage and climate change: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 100, no. 2-3, p. 97-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.08.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"104","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213675,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.08.002"}],"volume":"100","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e694e4b0c8380cd474fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70034828,"text":"70034828 - 2009 - Climatic effects of 30 years of landscape change over the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region: 1. Surface energy budget changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034828","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic effects of 30 years of landscape change over the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region: 1. Surface energy budget changes","docAbstract":"This paper is part 1 of a two-part study that evaluates the climatic effects of recent landscape change for one of the nation's most rapidly expanding metropolitan complexes, the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region. The region's landscape evolution over an approximate 30-year period since the early 1970s is documented on the basis of analyses of Landsat images and land use/land cover (LULC) data sets derived from aerial photography (1973) and Landsat (1992 and 2001). High-resolution, Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS), simulations (2-km grid spacing) are used in conjunction with consistently defined land cover data sets and associated biophysical parameters for the circa 1973, circa 1992, and circa 2001 time periods to quantify the impacts of intensive land use changes on the July surface temperatures and the surface radiation and energy budgets for the Greater Phoenix region. The main findings are as follows: since the early 1970s the region's landscape has been altered by a significant increase in urban/suburban land area, primarily at the expense of decreasing plots of irrigated agriculture and secondarily by the conversion of seminatural shrubland. Mean regional temperatures for the circa 2001 landscape were 0.12??C warmer than the circa 1973 landscape, with maximum temperature differences, located over regions of greatest urbanization, in excess of 1??C. The significant reduction in irrigated agriculture, for the circa 2001 relative to the circa 1973 landscape, resulted in dew point temperature decreases in excess of 1??C. The effect of distinct land use conversion themes (e.g., conversion from irrigated agriculture to urban land) was also examined to evaluate how the most important conversion themes have each contributed to the region's changing climate. The two urbanization themes studied (from an initial landscape of irrigated agriculture and seminatural shrubland) have the greatest positive effect on near-surface temperature, increasing maximum daily temperatures by 1??C. Overall, sensible heat flux differences between the circa 2001 and circa 1973 landscapes result in a 1 W m-2 increase in domain-wide sensible heating, and a similar order of magnitude decrease in latent heating, highlighting the importance of surface repartitioning in establishing near-surface temperature trends. In part 2 of this study, we address the role of the surface budget changes on the mesoscale dynamics/thermodynamics, in context of the large-scale environment. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JD010745","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Georgescu, M., Miguez-Macho, G., Steyaert, L.T., and Weaver, C., 2009, Climatic effects of 30 years of landscape change over the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region: 1. Surface energy budget changes: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 114, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010745.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476513,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd010745","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215760,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010745"},{"id":243583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f664e4b0c8380cd4c72c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Georgescu, M.","contributorId":98541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Georgescu","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miguez-Macho, G.","contributorId":32354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miguez-Macho","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steyaert, L. T.","contributorId":71303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyaert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weaver, C.P.","contributorId":70602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033094,"text":"70033094 - 2009 - Interactions among wildland fires in a long-established Sierra Nevada natural fire area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70033094","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions among wildland fires in a long-established Sierra Nevada natural fire area","docAbstract":"We investigate interactions between successive naturally occurring fires, and assess to what extent the environments in which fires burn influence these interactions. Using mapped fire perimeters and satellite-based estimates of post-fire effects (referred to hereafter as fire severity) for 19 fires burning relatively freely over a 31-year period, we demonstrate that fire as a landscape process can exhibit self-limiting characteristics in an upper elevation Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest. We use the term 'self-limiting' to refer to recurring fire as a process over time (that is, fire regime) consuming fuel and ultimately constraining the spatial extent and lessening fire-induced effects of subsequent fires. When the amount of time between successive adjacent fires is under 9 years, and when fire weather is not extreme (burning index <34.9), the probability of the latter fire burning into the previous fire area is extremely low. Analysis of fire severity data by 10-year periods revealed a fair degree of stability in the proportion of area burned among fire severity classes (unchanged, low, moderate, high). This is in contrast to a recent study demonstrating increasing high-severity burning throughout the Sierra Nevada from 1984 to 2006, which suggests freely burning fires over time in upper elevation Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forests can regulate fire-induced effects across the landscape. This information can help managers better anticipate short- and long-term effects of allowing naturally ignited fires to burn, and ultimately, improve their ability to implement Wildland Fire Use programs in similar forest types. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10021-008-9211-7","issn":"14329","usgsCitation":"Collins, B., Miller, J., Thode, A.E., Kelly, M., van Wagtendonk, J., and Stephens, S., 2009, Interactions among wildland fires in a long-established Sierra Nevada natural fire area: Ecosystems, v. 12, no. 1, p. 114-128, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-008-9211-7.","startPage":"114","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213304,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-008-9211-7"},{"id":240916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cbee4b0c8380cd62fd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, B.M.","contributorId":33925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, J.D.","contributorId":43431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thode, A. E.","contributorId":75870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thode","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelly, M.","contributorId":39585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"van Wagtendonk, J. W.","contributorId":85111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Wagtendonk","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephens, S.L.","contributorId":85694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033072,"text":"70033072 - 2009 - Relatedness and social organization of coypus in the Argentinean pampas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70033072","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relatedness and social organization of coypus in the Argentinean pampas","docAbstract":"Behavioural and trapping studies of the social organization of coypus have suggested the occurrence of kin groups and a polygynous mating system. We used 16 microsatellite markers to analyse parentage and relatedness relationships in two populations (J??uregui and Villa Ruiz) in the Argentinean Pampas. At J??uregui, a dominant male monopolized most paternities, leading to a high variance in reproductive success between males and a high level of polygyny. At Villa Ruiz, variance in reproductive success was low among resident males and males were the fathers of zero to four offspring each. For females, no significant differences were found. Two different social groups in each study site were used to assess genetic relatedness within and between groups. These groups were neighbouring at J??uregui but not at Villa Ruiz. At Villa Ruiz, coypus were significantly more related within than between groups, suggesting that behavioural groups were also genetic ones, and adult females were more related within than between groups, as should be expected for kin groups. This relationship was not found at J??uregui. Our results provide support to previous studies based on behavioural and trapping data, which indicate that coypus form social groups and have a polygynous mating system. However, we found differences in social organization between the two populations. This is the first study to determine parentage and/or relatedness in coypus. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04006.x","issn":"09621","usgsCitation":"Tunez, J., Guichon, M., Centron, D., Henderson, A., Callahan, C., and Cassini, M., 2009, Relatedness and social organization of coypus in the Argentinean pampas: Molecular Ecology, v. 18, no. 1, p. 147-155, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04006.x.","startPage":"147","endPage":"155","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213524,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04006.x"},{"id":241154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a620e4b0e8fec6cdc0ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tunez, J.I.","contributorId":57666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tunez","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guichon, M.L.","contributorId":66491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guichon","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Centron, D.","contributorId":107508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Centron","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henderson, A.P.","contributorId":24163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Callahan, C.","contributorId":8299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callahan","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cassini, M.H.","contributorId":68118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cassini","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034390,"text":"70034390 - 2009 - Multi-offset GPR methods for hyporheic zone investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:47","indexId":"70034390","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Multi-offset GPR methods for hyporheic zone investigations","docAbstract":"Porosity of stream sediments has a direct effect on hyporheic exchange patterns and rates. Improved estimates of porosity heterogeneity will yield enhanced simulation of hyporheic exchange processes. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) velocity measurements are strongly controlled by water content thus accurate measures of GPR velocity in saturated sediments provides estimates of porosity beneath stream channels using petrophysical relationships. Imaging the substream system using surface based reflection measurements is particularly challenging due to large velocity gradients that occur at the transition from open water to saturated sediments. The continuous multi-offset method improves the quality of subsurface images through stacking and provides measurements of vertical and lateral velocity distributions. We applied the continuous multi-offset method to stream sites on the North Slope, Alaska and the Sawtooth Mountains near Boise, Idaho, USA. From the continuous multi-offset data, we measure velocity using reflection tomography then estimate water content and porosity using the Topp equation. These values provide detailed measurements for improved stream channel hydraulic and thermal modelling. ?? 2009 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.","largerWorkTitle":"Near Surface Geophysics","language":"English","issn":"15694445","usgsCitation":"Brosten, T., Bradford, J., McNamara, J.P., Gooseff, M., Zarnetske, J., Bowden, W., and Johnston, M., 2009, Multi-offset GPR methods for hyporheic zone investigations, in Near Surface Geophysics, v. 7, no. 4, p. 247-257.","startPage":"247","endPage":"257","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5fbae4b0c8380cd710d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brosten, T.R.","contributorId":35985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brosten","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, J.H.","contributorId":22606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNamara, J. P.","contributorId":105551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNamara","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gooseff, M.N.","contributorId":21668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gooseff","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zarnetske, J.P.","contributorId":11032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarnetske","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowden, W.B.","contributorId":83237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowden","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnston, M.E.","contributorId":92081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034720,"text":"70034720 - 2009 - Aroclor 1248 exposure leads to immunomodulation, decreased disease resistance and endocrine disruption in the brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-08T08:04:54","indexId":"70034720","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aroclor 1248 exposure leads to immunomodulation, decreased disease resistance and endocrine disruption in the brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus","docAbstract":"The brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus is a species of the family Ictaluridae commonly used as a sentinel of environmental contamination. While these fish have been utilized for this purpose in areas contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), few controlled, laboratory-based studies have been designed to document the effects of PCB mixtures in this species. Here, brown bullhead were exposed to the PCB mixture, Aroclor 1248, via intraperitoneal injection and the effects on immune function, plasma hormones and disease resistance were evaluated. Exposure to this mixture led to a decrease in bactericidal activity and circulating antibodies to Edwardsiella ictaluri present from a previous exposure to this pathogen. A subsequent E. ictaluri disease challenge led to significantly higher mortality in A1248 treated fish compared to vehicle-control fish. The mitogenic response to the T-cell mitogen, phytohemaglutinin-P, was increased compared to vehicle-control fish. The steroid hormone, cortisol, and the thyroid hormone, T3, were also significantly lower in A1248 exposed fish. In summary, we have validated a number of functional immune assays for application in brown bullhead immunotoxicity studies. Additionally, we have demonstrated that the PCB mixture (A1248) modulates both immune function and endocrine physiology in brown bullhead. Such data may compliment the interpretation of data yielded from applied field studies conducted in PCB contaminated aquatic ecosystems.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.03.008","issn":"0166445X","usgsCitation":"Iwanowicz, L., Blazer, V., McCormick, S., Van Veld, P., and Ottinger, C., 2009, Aroclor 1248 exposure leads to immunomodulation, decreased disease resistance and endocrine disruption in the brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 93, no. 1, p. 70-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.03.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"82","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216016,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.03.008"}],"volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed7ee4b0c8380cd49832","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iwanowicz, L. R. 0000-0002-1197-6178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":43864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Veld, P.A.","contributorId":77729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Veld","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ottinger, C. A. 0000-0003-2551-1985","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-1985","contributorId":8796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034501,"text":"70034501 - 2009 - Detecting declines in the abundance of a bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) population: Understanding the accuracy, precision, and costs of our efforts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70034501","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting declines in the abundance of a bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) population: Understanding the accuracy, precision, and costs of our efforts","docAbstract":"Using empirical field data for bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), we evaluated the trade-off between power and sampling effort-cost using Monte Carlo simulations of commonly collected mark-recapture-resight and count data, and we estimated the power to detect changes in abundance across different time intervals. We also evaluated the effects of monitoring different components of a population and stratification methods on the precision of each method. Our results illustrate substantial variability in the relative precision, cost, and information gained from each approach. While grouping estimates by age or stage class substantially increased the precision of estimates, spatial stratification of sampling units resulted in limited increases in precision. Although mark-resight methods allowed for estimates of abundance versus indices of abundance, our results suggest snorkel surveys may be a more affordable monitoring approach across large spatial scales. Detecting a 25% decline in abundance after 5 years was not possible, regardless of technique (power = 0.80), without high sampling effort (48% of study site). Detecting a 25% decline was possible after 15 years, but still required high sampling efforts. Our results suggest detecting moderate changes in abundance of freshwater salmonids requires considerable resource and temporal commitments and highlight the difficulties of using abundance measures for monitoring bull trout populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F09-026","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R., Budy, P., and Conner, M., 2009, Detecting declines in the abundance of a bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) population: Understanding the accuracy, precision, and costs of our efforts: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 66, no. 4, p. 649-658, https://doi.org/10.1139/F09-026.","startPage":"649","endPage":"658","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215683,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F09-026"}],"volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff60e4b0c8380cd4f159","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, R.","contributorId":42431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budy, P.","contributorId":68091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conner, M.","contributorId":71787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conner","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70178326,"text":"70178326 - 2009 - Assessment of electrical resistivity method to map groundwater seepage zones in heterogeneous sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-17T15:17:17","indexId":"70178326","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Assessment of electrical resistivity method to map groundwater seepage zones in heterogeneous sediments","docAbstract":"Underwater electrical‐resistivity data were collected along the southwest shore of Mirror Lake, NH, as part of a multi‐year assessment of the utility of geophysics for mapping groundwater seepage beneath lakes. We found that resistivity could locate shoreline sections where water is seeping out of the lake. A resistivity line along the lake bottom starting 27‐m off shore and continuing 27‐m on shore (1‐m electrode spacing) showed the water table dipping away from the lake, the gradient indicative of lake discharge in this area. Resistivity could also broadly delineate high‐seepage zones. An 80‐m line run parallel to shore using a 0.5‐m electrode spacing was compared with measurements collected the previous year using 1‐m electrode spacing. Both data sets showed the transition from high‐seepage glacial outwash, to low‐seepage glacial till, demonstrating reproducibility. However, even the finer 0.5‐m electrode spacing was insufficient to resolve the heterogeneity well enough to predict seepage variability within each zone. For example, over a 12.5‐m stretch where seepage varied from 1–38 cm/day, resistivity varied horizontally from 700–3900 ohm‐m and vertically in the top 2‐m from 900–4000 ohm‐m without apparent correlation with seepage. In two sections along this 80‐m line, one over glacial outwash, the other over till, we collected 14 parallel lines of resistivity, 13.5 m long spaced 1 m apart to form a 13.5 × 13 m data grid. These lines were inverted individually using a 2‐D inversion program and then interpolated to create a 3‐D volume. Examination of resistivity slices through this volume highlights the heterogeneity of both these materials, suggesting groundwater flow takes sinuous flow paths. In such heterogeneous materials the goal of predicting the precise location of high‐seepage points remains elusive.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems 2009","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society","doi":"10.4133/1.3176773","usgsCitation":"Gagliano, M.P., Nyquist, J.E., Toran, L., and Rosenberry, D.O., 2009, Assessment of electrical resistivity method to map groundwater seepage zones in heterogeneous sediments, in Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems 2009, p. 815-823, https://doi.org/10.4133/1.3176773.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"815","endPage":"823","ipdsId":"IP-011641","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582ecff1e4b04d580bd4353e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gagliano, Michael P.","contributorId":176822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gagliano","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":34225,"text":"Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":653600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nyquist, Jonathan E.","contributorId":101801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nyquist","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":34225,"text":"Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":653598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Toran, Laura","contributorId":81622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toran","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34225,"text":"Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":653599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176163,"text":"70176163 - 2009 - Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70176163,"text":"70176163 - 2009 - Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin","indexId":"70176163","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":97928,"text":"sir20095049 - 2009 - Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","indexId":"sir20095049","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":97928,"text":"sir20095049 - 2009 - Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","indexId":"sir20095049","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation"},"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-30T15:24:37","indexId":"70176163","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"A major focus of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Trout Lake Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) project is the development of a watershed model to allow predictions of hydrologic response to future conditions including land-use and climate change. The coupled groundwater/surface-water model GSFLOW was chosen for this purpose because it could easily incorporate an existing groundwater flow model and it provides for simulation of surface-water processes. The Trout Lake watershed in northern Wisconsin is underlain by a highly conductive outwash sand aquifer. In this area, streamflow is dominated by groundwater contributions; however, surface runoff occurs during intense rainfall periods and spring snowmelt. Surface runoff also occurs locally near stream/lake areas where the unsaturated zone is thin. A diverse data set, collected from 1992 to 2007 for the Trout Lake WEBB project and the co-located and NSF-funded North Temperate Lakes LTER project, includes snowpack, solar radiation, potential evapotranspiration, lake levels, groundwater levels, and streamflow. The timeseries processing software TSPROC (Doherty 2003) was used to distill the large time series data set to a smaller set of observations and summary statistics that captured the salient hydrologic information. The timeseries processing reduced hundreds of thousands of observations to less than 5,000. Model calibration included specific predictions for several lakes in the study area using the PEST parameter estimation suite of software (Doherty 2007). The calibrated model was used to simulate the hydrologic response in the study lakes to a variety of climate change scenarios culled from the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Solomon et al. 2007). Results from the simulations indicate climate change could result in substantial changes to the lake levels and components of the hydrologic budget of a seepage lake in the flow system. For a drainage lake lower in the flow system, the impacts of climate change are diminished.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR2009-5049)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Third interagency conference on research in the watersheds","conferenceDate":"September 8-11, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Estes Park, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Walker, J.F., Hunt, R.J., Markstrom, S., Hay, L.E., and Doherty, J., 2009, Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin, in Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR2009-5049), Estes Park, CO, September 8-11, 2008, p. 155-161.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"161","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":328067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328066,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5049/pdf/Walker.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6b1b6e4b0f2f0cebe73c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":1986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven L.","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doherty, John","contributorId":43843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70197100,"text":"70197100 - 2009 - Persistence rates and detection probabilities of bird carcasses on beaches of Unalaska Island, Alaska following the wreck of the M/V Selendang Ayu","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-16T21:04:59","indexId":"70197100","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Persistence rates and detection probabilities of bird carcasses on beaches of Unalaska Island, Alaska following the wreck of the M/V Selendang Ayu","title":"Persistence rates and detection probabilities of bird carcasses on beaches of Unalaska Island, Alaska following the wreck of the M/V Selendang Ayu","docAbstract":"Elevation data are an important component in the visualization and analysis of geographic information. The creation and display of 3D models representing bare earth, vegetation, and surface structures have become a major focus of light detection and ranging (lidar) remote sensing research in the past few years. Lidar is an active sensor that records the distance, or range, of a laser usually fi red from an airplane, helicopter, or satellite. By converting the millions of 3D lidar returns from a system into bare ground, vegetation, or structural elevation information, extremely accurate, high-resolution elevation models can be derived and produced to visualize and quantify scenes in three dimensions. These data can be used to produce high-resolution bare-earth digital elevation models; quantitative estimates of vegetative features such as canopy height, canopy closure, and biomass; and models of urban areas such as building footprints and 3D city models.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Stoker, J.M., 2009, Volumetric visualization of multiple-return LIDAR data: Using voxels: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 75, no. 2, p. 109-112.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-010649","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59293e9ae4b016f7a9407723","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoker, Jason M. 0000-0003-2455-0931 jstoker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2455-0931","contributorId":3021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoker","given":"Jason","email":"jstoker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032786,"text":"70032786 - 2009 - Effect of species rarity on the accuracy of species distribution models for reptiles and amphibians in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032786","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of species rarity on the accuracy of species distribution models for reptiles and amphibians in southern California","docAbstract":"Aim: Several studies have found that more accurate predictive models of species' occurrences can be developed for rarer species; however, one recent study found the relationship between range size and model performance to be an artefact of sample prevalence, that is, the proportion of presence versus absence observations in the data used to train the model. We examined the effect of model type, species rarity class, species' survey frequency, detectability and manipulated sample prevalence on the accuracy of distribution models developed for 30 reptile and amphibian species. Location: Coastal southern California, USA. Methods: Classification trees, generalized additive models and generalized linear models were developed using species presence and absence data from 420 locations. Model performance was measured using sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plot based on twofold cross-validation, or on bootstrapping. Predictors included climate, terrain, soil and vegetation variables. Species were assigned to rarity classes by experts. The data were sampled to generate subsets with varying ratios of presences and absences to test for the effect of sample prevalence. Join count statistics were used to characterize spatial dependence in the prediction errors. Results: Species in classes with higher rarity were more accurately predicted than common species, and this effect was independent of sample prevalence. Although positive spatial autocorrelation remained in the prediction errors, it was weaker than was observed in the species occurrence data. The differences in accuracy among model types were slight. Main conclusions: Using a variety of modelling methods, more accurate species distribution models were developed for rarer than for more common species. This was presumably because it is difficult to discriminate suitable from unsuitable habitat for habitat generalists, and not as an artefact of the effect of sample prevalence on model estimation. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diversity and Distributions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00536.x","issn":"13669","usgsCitation":"Franklin, J., Wejnert, K., Hathaway, S., Rochester, C., and Fisher, R., 2009, Effect of species rarity on the accuracy of species distribution models for reptiles and amphibians in southern California: Diversity and Distributions, v. 15, no. 1, p. 167-177, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00536.x.","startPage":"167","endPage":"177","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487763,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00536.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213648,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00536.x"},{"id":241296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a060ae4b0c8380cd510be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franklin, J.","contributorId":81546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wejnert, K.E.","contributorId":30048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wejnert","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hathaway, S.A.","contributorId":56990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rochester, C.J.","contributorId":93851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rochester","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032784,"text":"70032784 - 2009 - A mass balance mercury budget for a mine-dominated lake: Clear Lake, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-20T11:08:34","indexId":"70032784","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A mass balance mercury budget for a mine-dominated lake: Clear Lake, California","docAbstract":"The Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine (SBMM), active intermittently from 1873–1957 and now a USEPA Superfund site, was previously estimated to have contributed at least 100 metric tons (105 kg) of mercury (Hg) into the Clear Lake aquatic ecosystem. We have confirmed this minimum estimate. To better quantify the contribution of the mine in relation to other sources of Hg loading into Clear Lake and provide data that might help reduce that loading, we analyzed Inputs and Outputs of Hg to Clear Lake and Storage of Hg in lakebed sediments using a mass balance approach. We evaluated Inputs from (1) wet and dry atmospheric deposition from both global/regional and local sources, (2) watershed tributaries, (3) groundwater inflows, (4) lakebed springs and (5) the mine. Outputs were quantified from (1) efflux (volatilization) of Hg from the lake surface to the atmosphere, (2) municipal and agricultural water diversions, (3) losses from out-flowing drainage of Cache Creek that feeds into the California Central Valley and (4) biotic Hg removal by humans and wildlife. Storage estimates include (1) sediment burial from historic and prehistoric periods (over the past 150–3,000 years) from sediment cores to ca. 2.5m depth dated using dichloro diphenyl dichloroethane (DDD), 210Pb and 14C and (2) recent Hg deposition in surficial sediments. Surficial sediments collected in October 2003 (11 years after mine site remediation) indicate no reduction (but a possible increase) in sediment Hg concentrations over that time and suggest that remediation has not significantly reduced overall Hg loading to the lake. Currently, the mine is believed to contribute ca. 322–331 kg of Hg annually to Clear Lake, which represents ca. 86–99% of the total Hg loading to the lake. We estimate that natural sedimentation would cover the existing contaminated sediments within ca. 150–300 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-008-9757-1","issn":"00496","usgsCitation":"Suchanek, T., Cooke, J., Keller, K., Jorgensen, S., Richerson, P., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Harner, E., and Adam, D., 2009, A mass balance mercury budget for a mine-dominated lake: Clear Lake, California: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 196, no. 1-4, p. 51-73, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9757-1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"73","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213620,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9757-1"}],"volume":"196","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2e9e4b0c8380cd45d18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suchanek, T.H.","contributorId":20682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suchanek","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooke, J.","contributorId":6447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooke","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keller, K.","contributorId":25322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jorgensen, S.","contributorId":67301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richerson, P.J.","contributorId":100619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richerson","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Harner, E.J.","contributorId":16230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harner","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Adam, D.P.","contributorId":14815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70035763,"text":"70035763 - 2009 - Using \"big data\" to optimally model hydrology and water quality across expansive regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035763","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using \"big data\" to optimally model hydrology and water quality across expansive regions","docAbstract":"This paper describes a new divide and conquer approach that leverages big environmental data, utilizing all available categorical and time-series data without subjectivity, to empirically model hydrologic and water-quality behaviors across expansive regions. The approach decomposes large, intractable problems into smaller ones that are optimally solved; decomposes complex signals into behavioral components that are easier to model with \"sub- models\"; and employs a sequence of numerically optimizing algorithms that include time-series clustering, nonlinear, multivariate sensitivity analysis and predictive modeling using multi-layer perceptron artificial neural networks, and classification for selecting the best sub-models to make predictions at new sites. This approach has many advantages over traditional modeling approaches, including being faster and less expensive, more comprehensive in its use of available data, and more accurate in representing a system's physical processes. This paper describes the application of the approach to model groundwater levels in Florida, stream temperatures across Western Oregon and Wisconsin, and water depths in the Florida Everglades. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)653","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Roehl, E., Cook, J., and Conrads, P., 2009, Using \"big data\" to optimally model hydrology and water quality across expansive regions, in Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 6446-6460, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)653.","startPage":"6446","endPage":"6460","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216194,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)653"},{"id":244048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc009e4b08c986b329eb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roehl, E.A. Jr.","contributorId":21370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roehl","given":"E.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, J.B.","contributorId":35978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conrads, P.A.","contributorId":57493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032424,"text":"70032424 - 2009 - Mapping of hazard from rainfall-triggered landslides in developing countries: Examples from Honduras and Micronesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032424","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping of hazard from rainfall-triggered landslides in developing countries: Examples from Honduras and Micronesia","docAbstract":"Loss of life and property caused by landslides triggered by extreme rainfall events demonstrates the need for landslide-hazard assessment in developing countries where recovery from such events often exceeds the country's resources. Mapping landslide hazards in developing countries where the need for landslide-hazard mitigation is great but the resources are few is a challenging, but not intractable problem. The minimum requirements for constructing a physically based landslide-hazard map from a landslide-triggering storm, using the simple methods we discuss, are: (1) an accurate mapped landslide inventory, (2) a slope map derived from a digital elevation model (DEM) or topographic map, and (3) material strength properties of the slopes involved. Provided that the landslide distribution from a triggering event can be documented and mapped, it is often possible to glean enough topographic and geologic information from existing databases to produce a reliable map that depicts landslide hazards from an extreme event. Most areas of the world have enough topographic information to provide digital elevation models from which to construct slope maps. In the likely event that engineering properties of slope materials are not available, reasonable estimates can be made with detailed field examination by engineering geologists or geotechnical engineers. Resulting landslide hazard maps can be used as tools to guide relocation and redevelopment, or, more likely, temporary relocation efforts during severe storm events such as hurricanes/typhoons to minimize loss of life and property. We illustrate these methods in two case studies of lethal landslides in developing countries: Tegucigalpa, Honduras (during Hurricane Mitch in 1998) and the Chuuk Islands, Micronesia (during Typhoon Chata'an in 2002).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.11.010","issn":"00137","usgsCitation":"Harp, E.L., Reid, M., McKenna, J., and Michael, J.A., 2009, Mapping of hazard from rainfall-triggered landslides in developing countries: Examples from Honduras and Micronesia: Engineering Geology, v. 104, no. 3-4, p. 295-311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.11.010.","startPage":"295","endPage":"311","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213878,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.11.010"},{"id":241544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5068e4b0c8380cd6b692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harp, E. L.","contributorId":59026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harp","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, M.E.","contributorId":108130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKenna, J.P.","contributorId":24543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michael, J. A.","contributorId":48567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}