In managing invasive species, land managers and policy makers need information to help allocate scarce resources as efficiently and effectively as possible. Decisions regarding treatment methods, locations, effort, and timing can be informed by the integration of landscape simulation models with economic tools. State and transition simulation models align with conceptual models of ecosystem change often used by practitioners and have been used to characterize the potential consequences of invasions. Outputs of these simulations are typically summarized to describe landscape changes (e.g., infested area), which may provide sufficient information for mangers to make informed decisions. However, it is sometimes helpful or necessary to go a step further to consider the social and economic values associated with treating (or not treating) invasions. Here, we describe when and how to integrate state and transition simulation models with economic and decision tools to aid in the control of emerging and established populations of invasive species. The paper provides an overview of three types of questions that can be addressed: 1) how big is the problem? 2) which management strategy is most appropriate? and 3) what are key sources of uncertainty? For each question, we describe aspects that can be addressed by landscape simulation models alone, and outstanding questions that can be evaluated by integrating economic and decision tools. Through a series of example applications from the literature, we reinforce how the integration of these tools, and the interdisciplinary perspective such an integration requires, can increase relevance and utility of modeling efforts for resource managers and decision makers.
","language":"English","publisher":"InvasivesNet","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2019.10.1.02","usgsCitation":"Cullinane Thomas, C., Sofaer, H., Cline, S.A., and Jarnevich, C.S., 2019, Integrating landscape simulation models with economic and decision tools for invasive species control : Management of Biological Invasions, v. 10, no. 1, p. 6-22, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2019.10.1.02.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-094494","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2019.10.1.02","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":363413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cullinane Thomas, Catherine 0000-0001-8168-1271 ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8168-1271","contributorId":215221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cullinane Thomas","given":"Catherine","email":"ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sofaer, Helen 0000-0002-9450-5223 hsofaer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-5223","contributorId":169118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sofaer","given":"Helen","email":"hsofaer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":761850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cline, Sarah A.","contributorId":203552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cline","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36651,"text":"Department of the Interior Office of Policy Analysis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204736,"text":"70204736 - 2019 - Seasonal sex steroids indicate reproductive costs associated with snake fungal disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-15T09:43:51","indexId":"70204736","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-02T09:41:04","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2515,"text":"Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal sex steroids indicate reproductive costs associated with snake fungal disease","docAbstract":"Emergent diseases may result in population declines by inducing mortality directly or through sublethal effects on host reproduction. Snake fungal disease (SFD) is an emerging threat to biodiversity, but the sublethal impacts of disease on host fitness are poorly characterized in snakes. The cryptic nature of most snakes makes direct assessment of the fitness consequences of SFD challenging. In such contexts, measurement sex steroids that correlate positively with seasonal reproductive investment may be useful in inferring the scope of disease impacts. To test the hypothesis that SFD is associated with reproductive suppression, we measured testosterone and estradiol in free-ranging pygmy rattlesnakes with varying clinical signs of SFD. We also used real-time PCR to validate the relationship between clinical signs and Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola (Oo) DNA presence on the skin. Infected males had lower testosterone compared to uninfected males during summer spermatogenesis and the fall breeding season. Infected females were less likely to have elevated estradiol compared to uninfected females during spring vitellogenesis. Approximately 85% of individuals with clinical signs were Oo DNA positive. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that coping with SFD comes at a cost to the reproductive success of afflicted individuals, and that seasonal sex steroids may be valuable early indicators of sublethal effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jzo.12628","usgsCitation":"Lind, C.M., Lorch, J.M., Moore, I.T., Vernasco, B.J., and Farrell, T.M., 2019, Seasonal sex steroids indicate reproductive costs associated with snake fungal disease: Journal of Zoology, v. 307, no. 2, p. 104-110, https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12628.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"104","endPage":"110","ipdsId":"IP-101822","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99163","text":"External Repository"},{"id":366558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"307","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lind, Craig M.","contributorId":201569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lind","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27623,"text":"Stetson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":768248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorch, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2239-1252 jlorch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1252","contributorId":5565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorch","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlorch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Ignacio T.","contributorId":201570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Ignacio","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":768249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vernasco, Ben J.","contributorId":166945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vernasco","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24577,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":768250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farrell, Terence M.","contributorId":176253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"Terence","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70200789,"text":"70200789 - 2019 - Effects of prescribed fire on San Francisco gartersnake survival and movement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T08:52:55","indexId":"70200789","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T17:06:22","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of prescribed fire on San Francisco gartersnake survival and movement","docAbstract":"The application of fire is prescribed for management of habitats for many plant and animal communities, but its effects on herpetofauna are diverse and remain poorly understood. To date no studies have examined the effects of prescribed fire on endangered San Francisco gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) populations, despite a call for prescribed fire in the recovery plan for the species. We used multi‐state capture‐mark‐recapture models to assess whether effects of prescribed fire were ephemeral, occurring only during the year of the fire, or persisted for 3 years following the fire, and to estimate the effects of prescribed fire on demographic parameters of San Francisco gartersnakes inhabiting California coastal prairie. Ephemeral fire effects were better supported for transitions (movement) between burned and unburned areas, but persistent fire effects were better supported for apparent survival and recapture probabilities. Movement between burned and unburned areas decreased during the year of the fire, but transition rates from burned to unburned areas decreased less than transition rates from unburned to burned areas in the year of the fire. Apparent survival probabilities increased in the unburned areas following the fire but were largely unchanged, though more uncertain, in burned areas following the fire. Recapture probabilities decreased site‐wide following the fire, though the decrease was greater in burned areas than in unburned areas. Although imprecise, our estimates of the effects of prescribed fire suggest that under the conditions of this fire (low‐intensity fall burn applied to a small area within a robust population and followed by wet weather), prescribed fire is a viable management tool for maintaining open habitats where San Francisco gartersnakes occur.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21585","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B., Thompson, M.E., Amarello, M., Smith, J.J., Wylie, G.D., Routman, E.J., and Casazza, M.L., 2019, Effects of prescribed fire on San Francisco gartersnake survival and movement: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 83, no. 1, p. 231-240, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21585.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"240","ipdsId":"IP-060673","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468060,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21585","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F73F4NJK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Coastal California San Francisco Gartersnake Capture-Mark-Recapture Data (2008-2013)"},{"id":359092,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"83","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8fde4b034bf6a7e4ece","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Michelle E.","contributorId":210341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amarello, Melissa","contributorId":210342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amarello","given":"Melissa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38103,"text":"USGS Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":210344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38103,"text":"USGS Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wylie, Glenn D. 0000-0002-7061-6658 glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-6658","contributorId":3052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Routman, Eric J.","contributorId":210343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Routman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70204680,"text":"70204680 - 2019 - Appropriate sample sizes for monitoring burned pastures in sagebrush steppe: How many plots are enough, and can one size fit all?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-09T11:11:38","indexId":"70204680","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T14:26:50","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Appropriate sample sizes for monitoring burned pastures in sagebrush steppe: How many plots are enough, and can one size fit all?","docAbstract":"Statistically defensible information on vegetation conditions is needed to guide rangeland management decisions following disturbances such as wildfire, often for heterogeneous pastures. Here we evaluate the number of plots needed to make informed adaptive management decisions using >2000 plots sampled on the 2015 Soda Fire that burned across 75 pastures and 113,000 ha in Idaho and Oregon, USA. We predicted that the number of plots required to generate a threshold of standard error/mean ≤0.2 (TSR, threshold sampling requirement) for plant cover within pasture units would vary between sampling methods (rapid ocular versus grid-point intercept) and among plot sizes (1, 6, or 531 m2), as well as relative to topography, elevation, pasture size, complexity of soils and vegetation treatments applied, and dominance by exotic annual or perennial grasses. Sampling was adequate for determining exotic annual and perennial grass cover in about half of the pastures. A tradeoff in number versus size of plots sampled was apparent, whereby TSR was attainable with less area searched using smaller plot sizes (1 compared to 531 m2) in spite of less variability between larger plots. TSR for both grass types decreased as their dominance increased (0.5-1.5 plots per % cover increment). TSR decreased for perennial grass but increased for exotic annual grass with higher elevations. TSR increased with standard deviation of elevation for perennial grass sampled with grid-point intercept. Sampling effort could be more reliably predicted from landscape variables for the grid-point compared to ocular sampling method. These findings suggest that adjusting the number and size of sample plots within a pasture or burn area using easily determined landscape variables could increase monitoring efficiency and effectiveness.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2018.05.003","usgsCitation":"Applestein, C., Germino, M., Pilliod, D.S., Fisk, M., and Arkle, R.S., 2019, Appropriate sample sizes for monitoring burned pastures in sagebrush steppe: How many plots are enough, and can one size fit all?: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 71, no. 6, p. 721-726, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2018.05.003.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"721","endPage":"726","ipdsId":"IP-090654","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498719,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/671064","text":"External Repository"},{"id":437620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75X27WS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Exotic and perennial grass cover for pastures in the Soda Fire (2016)"},{"id":366416,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Applestein, Cara 0000-0002-7923-8526","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7923-8526","contributorId":205748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applestein","given":"Cara","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579 mgermino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":152582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":210334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisk, Matthew 0000-0002-2250-0116","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-0116","contributorId":218005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisk","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arkle, Robert S. 0000-0003-3021-1389","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-1389","contributorId":218006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arkle","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70204464,"text":"70204464 - 2019 - Climate change implications for irrigation and groundwater in the Republican River Basin, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-25T11:27:01","indexId":"70204464","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T11:25:18","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1246,"text":"Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1573-1480","printIssn":"0165-0009","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change implications for irrigation and groundwater in the Republican River Basin, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"This study investigates the influence of climate change on groundwater availability, and thereby, irrigation across political boundaries within the United States’ High Plains aquifer. A regression model is developed to predict changes in irrigation according to predicted changes in precipitation and temperature from a downscaled dataset of 32 general circulation models (GCMs). Precipitation recharge changes are calculated with precipitation-recharge curves developed for prognostic representations of precipitation across the Nebraska-Colorado-Kansas area and within the Republican River Basin focal landscape. Irrigation-recharge changes are scaled with changes in irrigation. The groundwater responses to climate forcings are then simulated under new pumping and recharge rates using a MODFLOW groundwater flow model. Results show that groundwater pumping and recharge both will increase and that the effects of groundwater pumping will overshadow those from natural fluctuations. Groundwater levels will decline more in areas with irrigation-driven decreasing trends in the baseline. The methodologies and predictions of this study can inform long-term water planning and the design of management strategies that help avoid and resolve water-related conflicts, enabling irrigation sustainability.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-018-2278-z","usgsCitation":"Ou, G., Munoz-Arriola, F., Uden, D., Martin, D.R., Allen, C.R., and Shank, N., 2019, Climate change implications for irrigation and groundwater in the Republican River Basin, U.S.A.: Climate Change, v. 151, no. 2, p. 303-316, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-018-2278-z.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"316","ipdsId":"IP-100829","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-018-2278-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":365937,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Republican River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.9873046875,\n 40.04443758460856\n ],\n [\n -100.37109375,\n 41.29431726315258\n ],\n [\n -102.216796875,\n 41.02964338716638\n ],\n [\n -103.4033203125,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -103.84277343749999,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -102.63427734374999,\n 38.61687046392973\n ],\n [\n -100.04150390625,\n 39.317300373271024\n ],\n [\n -98.7890625,\n 39.7240885773337\n ],\n [\n -96.9873046875,\n 40.04443758460856\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"151","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ou, Gengxin","contributorId":217537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ou","given":"Gengxin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munoz-Arriola, F.","contributorId":217538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munoz-Arriola","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Uden, D. R.","contributorId":217539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uden","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, D. R.","contributorId":171766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shank, N.","contributorId":217540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shank","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70204140,"text":"70204140 - 2019 - Effectiveness of shallow water habitat remediation for improving fish habitat in a large temperate river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T09:23:40","indexId":"70204140","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T09:46:18","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of shallow water habitat remediation for improving fish habitat in a large temperate river","docAbstract":"Loss of shallow water riparian zones in the St. Clair River has reduced availability of nursery areas and refuge for fishes. To remediate habitat losses and provide fish nursery areas, five remediation projects were carried out along the river’s United States bank from 2012 to 2014, replacing seawalls with sloping banks and adding in-stream structure (e.g., root wads and boulders). Project evaluation is necessary to determine success, however there is no standard sampling protocol for shallow habitat in large rivers, especially when both adults and juvenile fishes should be targeted. Therefore, to assess remediation effectiveness and suggest appropriate sampling techniques for large river shorelines, we employed a multi-gear sampling strategy targeting multiple fish species and life history stages at five shoreline remediation and four control sites. We collected juvenile fishes with minnow traps and backpack electrofishing and adult fishes with gillnets. Poisson models were used to evaluate catch per unit effort (CPUE) differences between remediation and control sites for species of management priority (e.g., game fishes and rare species) and taxonomic groups. Model estimates were then used to calculate proportional abundances and compare species composition between site types. Results indicated that electrofishing CPUEs of Darters, mottled sculpin Cottus bairdi, rare threatened and endangered species, and juvenile and adult Centrarchidae were higher at remediation sites than at control sites. Additionally, juvenile Centrarchidae and mottled sculpin had a higher proportional abundance in electrofishing collections at remediation sites than at control sites. In contrast, CPUEs and proportional abundances were similar for all taxonomic and management priority groups of fish collected in minnow traps and gillnets. Electrofishing captured more species and more individuals and is therefore a valuable sampling technique for large river shorelines. Nevertheless, addition of minnow traps and gillnets allowed for a more comprehensive assessment of fish assemblages. Overall, this multi-faceted survey approach demonstrates that shoreline remediation projects were beneficial to recreational and ecologically important species in the St. Clair River.
The ability to effectively manage water resources to meet present and future human and environmental needs is essential. Such an ability necessitates a comprehensive understanding of hydrologic processes that affect streamflow at a watershed scale. In the United States, water-resources management at scales ranging from local to national can benefit from a nationally consistent, process-based watershed modeling capability to provide the requisite understanding. The National Hydrologic Model (NHM) infrastructure, which was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey to support coordinated, comprehensive, and consistent hydrologic modeling at multiple scales for the conterminous United States, provides this essential capability. NHM-based applications provide information to enable more effective water-resources planning and management, fill knowledge gaps in ungaged areas, and support basic scientific inquiry. In the future, as process algorithms and data sets improve, the NHM infrastructure will continue to evolve to better support the nation's water-resources research and management needs.
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One potential for considerable mismatch is between migratory birds and food availability in northern breeding ranges and these mismatches may have consequences for ecosystem function. We conducted a three‐year experiment to examine the consequences for CO2 exchange of advanced spring green‐up and altered timing of grazing by migratory Pacific black brant in a coastal wetland in western Alaska. Experimental treatments represent the variation in green‐up and timing of peak grazing intensity that currently exists in the system. Delayed grazing resulted in greater net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and gross primary productivity (GPP) while early grazing reduced CO2 uptake with the potential of causing net ecosystem carbon (C) loss in late spring and early summer. Conversely, advancing the growing season only influenced ecosystem respiration (ER), resulting in a small increase in ER with no concomitant impact on GPP or NEE. The experimental treatment that represents the most likely future, with green‐up advancing more rapidly than arrival of migratory geese, results in NEE changing by 1.2 μmol m−2 s−1 toward a greater CO2 sink in spring and summer. Increased sink strength, however, may be mitigated by early arrival of migratory geese, which would reduce CO2 uptake. Importantly, while the direct effect of climate warming on phenology of green‐up has a minimal influence on NEE, the indirect effect of climate warming manifest through changes in the timing of peak grazing can have a significant impact on C balance in northern coastal wetlands. Furthermore, processes influencing the timing of goose migration in the winter range can significantly influence ecosystem function in summer habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.14473","usgsCitation":"Leffler, A.J., Beard, K., Kelsey, K.C., Choi, R.T., Schmutz, J.A., and Welker, J.M., 2019, Delayed herbivory by migratory geese increases summer‐long CO2 uptake in coastal western Alaska: Global Change Biology, v. 25, no. 1, p. 277-289, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14473.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"289","ipdsId":"IP-093758","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14473","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"25","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a902e4b034bf6a7e4eef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leffler, A. Joshua","contributorId":210187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leffler","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Joshua","affiliations":[{"id":38087,"text":"Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beard, Karen H.","contributorId":14296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"Karen H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelsey, Katharine C.","contributorId":195397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Katharine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Choi, Ryan T.","contributorId":205936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Choi","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Welker, Jeffery M.","contributorId":43654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welker","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70200751,"text":"70200751 - 2019 - Multi-element fingerprinting of waters to evaluate connectivity among depressional wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T13:28:37","indexId":"70200751","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-30T12:35:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-element fingerprinting of waters to evaluate connectivity among depressional wetlands","docAbstract":"Establishing the connectivity among depressional wetlands is important for their proper management, conservation and restoration. In this study, the concentrations of 38 elements in surface water and porewater of depressional wetlands were investigated to determine chemical and hydrological connectivity of three hydrological types: recharge, flow-through, and discharge, in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America. Most element concentrations of porewater varied significantly by wetland hydrologic type (p < 0.05), and increased along a recharge to discharge hydrologic gradient. Significant spatial variation of element concentrations in surface water was observed in discharge wetlands. Generally, higher element concentrations occurred in natural wetlands compared to wetlands with known disturbances (previous drainage and grazing). Electrical conductivity explained 42.3% and 30.5% of the variation of all element concentrations in porewater and surface water. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the similarity decreased from recharge to flow-through to discharge wetland in each sampling site. Cluster analysis confirmed that element compositions in porewater of interconnected wetlands were more similar to each other than to those of wetlands located farther away. Porewater and surface water in a restored wetland showed similar multi-element characteristics to natural wetlands. In contrast, depressional wetlands connected by seeps along a deactivated drain-tile path and a grazed wetland showed distinctly different multi-element characteristics compared to other wetlands sampled. Our findings confirm that the multi-element fingerprinting method can be useful for assessing hydro-chemical connectivity across the landscape, and indicate that element concentrations are not only affected by land use, but also by hydrological characteristics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.10.033","usgsCitation":"Yuan, Y., Zhu, X., Mushet, D.M., and Otte, M.L., 2019, Multi-element fingerprinting of waters to evaluate connectivity among depressional wetlands: Ecological Indicators, v. 97, p. 398-409, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.10.033.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"398","endPage":"409","ipdsId":"IP-099304","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -98,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -98,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 46\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}\n","volume":"97","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8dae4b034bf6a7e4d7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, Yuxiang","contributorId":210282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yuan","given":"Yuxiang","affiliations":[{"id":12471,"text":"North Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhu, Xiaoyan","contributorId":210283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhu","given":"Xiaoyan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12471,"text":"North Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Otte, Marinus L.","contributorId":210284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otte","given":"Marinus","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12471,"text":"North Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70200853,"text":"70200853 - 2019 - Stable isotope analysis enhances our understanding of diamondback terrapin Malaclemys terrapin foraging ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T15:06:16","indexId":"70200853","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-30T10:10:46","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Stable isotope analysis enhances our understanding of diamondback terrapin Malaclemys terrapin foraging ecology","title":"Stable isotope analysis enhances our understanding of diamondback terrapin Malaclemys terrapin foraging ecology","docAbstract":"Dietary studies on generalist predators may provide valuable information on spatial or temporal changes in the structure of ecological communities. We initiated this study to provide baseline data and determine the utility of stable isotope analysis (SIA) to evaluate the foraging strategies of an opportunistic reptilian predator, the diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin), which specializes in salt marshes and mangrove estuaries along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. We evaluated stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope values of multiple tissues from terrapins inhabiting mainland and island mangrove habitats in south Florida and potential food sources to examine spatial and temporal variations in terrapin resource use. We fit linear regression models to determine the best predictors of isotopic values for both terrapins and their prey, and Stable Isotope Bayesian Ellipses in R (SIBER) analysis to examine terrapin isotopic niche space and overlap between groups. We identified differences in terrapin isotopic δ13C and δ15N values among all sites. Blood and scute tissues revealed different isotopic compositions and niche overlap between sites, suggesting diets or foraging locations may change over time, and amount of variation is site specific. Niche overlap between size classes was larger for blood (short term) versus scute (long term), suggesting greater variability in food habits or resource isotopes over the long term versus short term. These results demonstrate the usefulness of SIA in examining the spatial and temporal variability in diamondback terrapin resource use within estuary systems and further define their niche within these dynamic food webs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-018-0476-6","usgsCitation":"Denton, M.J., Demopoulos, A.W., Baldwin, J.D., Smith, B., and Hart, K.M., 2019, Stable isotope analysis enhances our understanding of diamondback terrapin Malaclemys terrapin foraging ecology: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 42, no. 2, p. 596-611, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-0476-6.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"596","endPage":"611","ipdsId":"IP-091296","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468064,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-0476-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7Z89BK7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen from diamondback terrapins and resources within Southern Everglades and Key West National Wildlife Refuge, sampled 2012-2013"},{"id":359277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5be40822e4b0b3fc5cf7cc04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denton, Mathew J. 0000-0002-1024-3722 mdenton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3722","contributorId":4862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denton","given":"Mathew","email":"mdenton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694 ademopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":145681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","email":"ademopoulos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldwin, John D.","contributorId":210505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baldwin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":15312,"text":"Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Brian 0000-0002-0531-0492 bjsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0531-0492","contributorId":202305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Brian","email":"bjsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":210506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":750889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216100,"text":"70216100 - 2019 - Reproductive potential of captive Rio Grande Silvery Minnow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-04T16:29:35.810631","indexId":"70216100","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-29T10:18:59","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive potential of captive Rio Grande Silvery Minnow","docAbstract":"Captive propagation and augmentation of the Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus is necessary for continued persistence of the species until habitat can be restored. Augmentation occurs using captive fish within the first year (age 0) through age 2; however, older year‐classes (ages 3–4) have been released into the wild. We quantified fecundity and compared egg quality across four reproductive age‐classes (1–4) of hatchery‐reared Rio Grande Silvery Minnow. Batch fecundity (total number of spawned eggs) ranged from 2,029 eggs in age‐1 fish to 10,588 eggs in age‐4 fish. Standing stock of vitellogenic (i.e., yolked) oocytes remaining in ovaries after spawning increased from 988 oocytes at age 1 to 4,924 oocytes at age 4. Total fecundity (i.e., batch fecundity plus standing stock of yolked oocytes) increased from 3,017 eggs and yolked oocytes in age‐1 fish to 15,522 eggs and yolked oocytes in age‐4 fish. Of note, batch fecundity ranged from 57% to 68% across the four age‐classes indicating that over half of the total fecundity occurs in the first spawn. Average percent fertilization of eggs (63–82%) was not detectably different across the four age‐classes, while average egg diameter (4.1–5.5 mm) increased as age increased. Fecundity increased across all four reproductive age‐classes of Rio Grande Silvery Minnow, with the larger portion of total fecundity occurring in the first spawn across all age‐classes. The timing of spawning with optimal conditions in the Rio Grande is critical for survival and ultimately recruitment into the wild fish population.
Coldwater fishes are sensitive to abiotic and biotic stream factors, which can be influenced by climate. Distributions of inland salmonids in North America have declined significantly, with many of the current strongholds located in small headwater systems that may serve as important refugia as climate change progresses. We investigated the effects of discharge, stream temperature, trout biomass, and food availability on summer growth of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri, a species of concern with significant ecological value. Individual size, stream discharge, sample section biomass, and temperature were all associated with growth, but had differing effects on energy allocation. Stream discharge had a positive relationship with growth rates in length and mass; greater rates of prey delivery at higher discharges probably enabled trout to accumulate reserve tissues in addition to structural growth. Temperature effects were positive but not significant, and support in growth models was limited, likely due to the cold thermal regimes of the study area. The strength of the discharge effect on growth suggests that climate adaptation strategies for coldwater fishes that focus solely on thermal characteristics may be misleading and highlights the importance of considering multiple factors, including hydrologic regimes, in conservation planning.
Historical increases in emissions and atmospheric deposition of oxidized and reduced nitrogen (N) provided the impetus for extensive, global-scale research investigating the effects of excess N in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, with several regions within the Eastern Deciduous Forest of the United States found to be susceptible to negative effects of excess N. The Clean Air Act and associated rules have led to decreases in emissions and deposition of oxidized N, especially in eastern U.S., representing a research challenge and opportunity for ecosystem ecologists and biogeochemists. The purpose of this paper is to predict changes in the structure and function of North American forest ecosystems in a future of decreased N deposition. Hysteresis is a property of a system wherein output is not a strict function of corresponding input, incorporating lag, delay, or history dependence, particularly when the response to decreasing input is different from the response to increasing input. We suggest a conceptual hysteretic model predicting varying lag times in recovery of soil acidification, plant biodiversity, soil microbial communities, forest carbon (C) and N cycling, and surface water chemistry toward pre-N impact conditions. Nearly all of these can potentially respond strongly to reductions in N deposition. Most responses are expected to show some degree of hysteresis, with the greatest delays in response occurring in processes most tightly linked to “slow pools” of N in wood and soil organic matter. Because experimental studies of declines in N loads in forests of North America are lacking and because of the expected hysteresis, it is difficult to generalize from experimental results to patterns expected from declining N deposition. These will likely be long-term phenomena, difficult to distinguish from other, concurrent environmental changes, including elevated atmospheric CO2, climate change, reductions in acidity, invasions of new species, and long-term vegetation responses to past disturbance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.135","usgsCitation":"Gilliam, F.S., Burns, D., Driscoll, C.T., Frey, S.D., Lovett, G.M., and Watmough, S.A., 2019, Decreased atmospheric nitrogen deposition in eastern North America: Predicted responses of forest ecosystems: Environmental Pollution, v. 244, p. 560-574, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.135.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"560","endPage":"574","ipdsId":"IP-098706","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"244","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8dce4b034bf6a7e4d85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilliam, Frank S.","contributorId":168383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilliam","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":16679,"text":"Marshall University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":202943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas A.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driscoll, Charles T.","contributorId":167460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frey, Serita D.","contributorId":177401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frey","given":"Serita","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lovett, Gary M.","contributorId":210078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovett","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36424,"text":"Cary Institute of Ecosystems Studies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Watmough, Shaun A.","contributorId":178413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watmough","given":"Shaun","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70200613,"text":"70200613 - 2019 - On the development of a magnetic susceptibility‐based tracer for aeolian sediment transport research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T15:07:06","indexId":"70200613","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-25T12:14:44","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the development of a magnetic susceptibility‐based tracer for aeolian sediment transport research","docAbstract":"Aeolian processes — the erosion, transport, and deposition of sediment by wind — play important geomorphological and ecological roles in drylands. These processes are known to impact the spatial patterns of soil, nutrients, plant‐available water, and vegetation in many dryland ecosystems. Tracers, such as rare earth elements and stable isotopes have been successfully used to quantify the transport and redistribution of sediment by aeolian processes in these ecosystems. However, many of the existing tracer techniques are labor‐intensive and cost‐prohibitive, and hence simpler alternative approaches are needed to track aeolian redistribution of sediments. To address this methodological gap, we test the applicability of a novel metal tracer‐based methodology for estimating post‐fire aeolian sediment redistribution, using spatio‐temporal measurements of low‐field magnetic susceptibility (MS). We applied magnetic metal tracers on soil microsites beneath shrub vegetation in recently burned and control treatments in a heterogeneous landscape in the Chihuahuan desert (New Mexico, USA). Our results indicate a spatially homogeneous distribution of the magnetic tracers on the landscape after post‐burn wind erosion events. MS decreased after wind erosion events on the burned shrub microsites, indicating that these areas functioned as sediment sources following the wildfire, whereas they are known to be sediment sinks in the undisturbed (e.g., not recently burned) ecosystem. This experiment represents the first step toward the development of a cost‐effective and non‐destructive tracer‐based approach to estimate the transport and redistribution of sediment by aeolian processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.4536","usgsCitation":"Ravi, S., Gonzales, H.B., Buynevich, I.V., Li, J., Sankey, J.B., Dukes, D., and Wang, G., 2019, On the development of a magnetic susceptibility‐based tracer for aeolian sediment transport research: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 44, no. 2, p. 672-678, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4536.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"672","endPage":"678","ipdsId":"IP-100633","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358815,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a915e4b034bf6a7e4f6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ravi, Sujith","contributorId":202738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ravi","given":"Sujith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonzales, Howell B.","contributorId":202737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzales","given":"Howell","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buynevich, Ilya V.","contributorId":210064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buynevich","given":"Ilya","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":38063,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Junran","contributorId":202740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Junran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36521,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dukes, David","contributorId":202736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dukes","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wang, Guan","contributorId":202741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Guan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36521,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70200598,"text":"70200598 - 2019 - Movements of female Sage Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus during incubation recess","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T08:55:17","indexId":"70200598","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-25T12:02:36","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Movements of female Sage Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus during incubation recess","title":"Movements of female Sage Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus during incubation recess","docAbstract":"We combined GPS data‐loggers, VHF transmitters, and DVR video‐monitoring to measure fine‐scale movement patterns during daily incubation recesses by female Sage Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus, a species with uniparental incubation that has experienced widespread population decline and distributional contraction. Most (69.6%) Sage Grouse recess activity was highly localized within a core recess area averaging 2.58 ± 0.64 ha and females remained within 242.3 ± 30.0 m from the nest during recesses (total recess areas were 11.06 ± 2.27 ha). Visually conspicuous Sage Grouse movements near nests at the start and end of recesses and consistent occupation of core recess areas point to a mechanism for newly abundant predators such as the Northern Raven Corvus corax to detect and depredate Sage Grouse nests. Our methods apply to other avian species of scientific interest and conservation concern.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ibi.12670","usgsCitation":"Dudko, J.E., Coates, P.S., and Delehanty, D.J., 2019, Movements of female Sage Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus during incubation recess: Ibis, v. 161, no. 1, p. 222-229, https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.12670.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"222","endPage":"229","ipdsId":"IP-088691","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.12670","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"161","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a915e4b034bf6a7e4f6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudko, Jonathan E.","contributorId":210049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dudko","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":38059,"text":"Idaho State U","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delehanty, David J.","contributorId":195584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delehanty","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70223221,"text":"70223221 - 2019 - Behavior and survival of stocked trout in southern Appalachian Mountain streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-19T13:50:16.146081","indexId":"70223221","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-25T07:46:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavior and survival of stocked trout in southern Appalachian Mountain streams","docAbstract":"Stocking of trout to support recreational fisheries is a common practice among state and federal agencies to meet angling and harvest demands. Success of stocking efforts relies upon fish behavior and survival to maximize the availability of fish to anglers. We quantitatively described the movement behavior and survival of stocked Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, Brown Trout Salmo trutta, and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in three southern Appalachian Mountain streams in western North Carolina, USA, that were managed under delayed harvest regulations. Hatchery trout were tagged with a combination of PIT tags and radio transmitters (radio tags); stocked into “Delayed Harvest Trout Waters” of the North Toe, East Prong Roaring, and Little rivers; and monitored during the catch-and-release season from October to June. Assessed according to river and species, 19–65% of trout emigrated from the delayed harvest study reaches, while 1–29% died within the reaches. The majority of radio-tagged fish (71%; 59–85% by river) remained within 2 km of the stocking location, whereas 6% migrated over 10 km from the stocking location. Few trout stocked during fall (October and November) were available to anglers the following June due to a combination of migration and mortality. Emigration from delayed harvest study reaches was associated with stocking and high-flow events. Multi-state modeling detailed these observations with weekly estimates of migration and survival rates. River-specific differences in emigration and mortality suggested that emigration was a greater source of trout loss than mortality in all rivers; no pattern related to river size was apparent in emigration, but mortality was greater in small streams. Brook Trout mortality rates were highest among the three species, and large fish of most species showed higher emigration and mortality than catchable-sized trout. Fisheries managers can apply our results to alter stocking regimes so as to enhance the efficiency of stocking and the acclimation of stocked trout to instream environments.
Life-cycle models combine several strengths for estimating population parameters and biological reference points of harvested species and are particularly useful for those exhibiting distinct habitat shifts and experiencing contrasting environments. Unfortunately, time series data are often limited to counts of adult abundance and harvest. By incorporating data from other populations and by dynamically linking the life-history stages, Bayesian life-cycle models can be used to estimate stage-specific productivities and capacities as well as abundance of breeders that produce maximum sustained yield (MSY). Using coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) as our case study, we show that incorporating information on marine survival variability from nearby populations can improve model estimates and affect management parameters such as escapement at MSY. We further show that the expected long-term average yield of a fishery managed for a spawner escapement target that produces MSY strongly depends on the average marine survival. Our results illustrate the usefulness of incorporating information from other sources and highlight the importance of accounting for variation in marine survival when making inferences about the management of Pacific salmon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2017-0382","usgsCitation":"Ohlberger, J., Brinkman, S.J., Crain, P., Pess, G.R., Duda, J.J., Buehrens, T.W., Quinn, T.P., and Hilborn, R., 2019, A Bayesian life-cycle model to estimate escapement at maximum sustained yield in salmon based on limited information: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 76, no. 2, p. 299-307, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0382.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"307","ipdsId":"IP-090701","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/90654","text":"External Repository"},{"id":358729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.4\n ],\n [\n -125,\n 48.4\n ],\n [\n -125,\n 47\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a916e4b034bf6a7e4f7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ohlberger, Jan","contributorId":210015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ohlberger","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38048,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brinkman, Samuel J.","contributorId":210016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brinkman","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38049,"text":"National Park Service, Olympic National Park, 600 East Park Avenue, Port Angeles, WA 98362","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crain, Patrick","contributorId":210017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crain","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":38049,"text":"National Park Service, Olympic National Park, 600 East Park Avenue, Port Angeles, WA 98362","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pess, George R.","contributorId":13501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pess","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":148954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Buehrens, Thomas W.","contributorId":210018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buehrens","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":38048,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Quinn, Thomas P.","contributorId":167272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":24671,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fsiery Sciences, UW, Box 355020, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hilborn, Ray","contributorId":177767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilborn","given":"Ray","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70230713,"text":"70230713 - 2019 - Earthquake catalogs for the USGS National Seismic Hazard Maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-22T11:53:39.704722","indexId":"70230713","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-24T06:51:09","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake catalogs for the USGS National Seismic Hazard Maps","docAbstract":"We describe a methodology that has been developed at the U.S. Geological Survey for making earthquake catalogs for seismic hazard analysis and review the status of the catalogs for the conterminous United States. A new catalog is assembled from several pre‐existing catalogs. Uniform moment magnitudes and related parameters for estimating unbiased seismicity rates are calculated. Duplicates, explosions, mining‐related earthquakes, and induced earthquakes are flagged, and the catalog is declustered. Distinct catalogs are made for the central and eastern United States and the western United States.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00011-6","usgsCitation":"Teitelbaum, C., Converse, S.J., Fagan, W.F., and Mueller, T., 2019, Movement ecology of reintroduced migratory Whooping Cranes, chap. of Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation, p. 217-238, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00011-6.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"238","ipdsId":"IP-076817","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8dde4b034bf6a7e4d8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teitelbaum, Claire S.","contributorId":174360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teitelbaum","given":"Claire S.","affiliations":[{"id":27439,"text":"Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":748987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagan, William F.","contributorId":209867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fagan","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":38015,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":748988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mueller, Thomas","contributorId":209866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueller","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27439,"text":"Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":748986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70200464,"text":"70200464 - 2019 - Reproduction and reproductive strategies relevant to management of Whooping Cranes ex situ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T14:21:53","indexId":"70200464","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-23T14:21:47","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Reproduction and reproductive strategies relevant to management of Whooping Cranes ex situ","docAbstract":"Due to the small population size (∼400 birds) and continuing threats to wild Whooping Cranes (Grus americana), an ex situ (captive) population is maintained to contribute to the recovery of the species. The goals of the captive breeding program are to provide opportunity for research and birds for reintroduction. However, reproduction among captive birds is far from optimal. Specifically, whooping cranes maintained ex situ experience delayed onset of reproduction as well as low rates of egg production and egg fertility when compared to wild populations. To improve the contribution of the captive population to Whooping Crane recovery, there is a need to (1) advance the understanding about the mechanisms regulating ovarian function and egg production, especially the influence of males (their presence and behavior) on endocrine and reproductive behavior in females, as well as (2) identify the underlying cause(s) of poor reproduction in Whooping Cranes housed ex situ. In this chapter, we summarize current knowledge of Whooping Crane reproduction with a focus on egg production and fertility. We also discuss management strategies, such as environmental management, and reproductive technologies, including artificial insemination and sperm cryopreservation that may benefit captive reproduction, and finish with a discussion of future research priorities.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00017-7","usgsCitation":"Songsasen, N., Converse, S.J., and Brown, M., 2019, Reproduction and reproductive strategies relevant to management of Whooping Cranes ex situ, chap. of Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation, p. 373-387, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00017-7.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"387","ipdsId":"IP-076819","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8dde4b034bf6a7e4d95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Songsasen, Nucharin","contributorId":146371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Songsasen","given":"Nucharin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7035,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":748990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Megan","contributorId":209991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Megan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":748991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70200459,"text":"70200459 - 2019 - Population dynamics of reintroduced Whooping Cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T14:19:02","indexId":"70200459","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-23T14:18:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Population dynamics of reintroduced Whooping Cranes","docAbstract":"Because of the small size and restricted range of the Aransas-Wood Buffalo Population, reintroduction is a prominent element of the recovery effort to ensure persistence of Whooping Cranes (Grus americana). A fundamental objective of all Whooping Crane reintroduction efforts is the establishment of a self-sustaining population. Therefore, success of reintroduction efforts will ultimately be determined by demography: births and deaths of Whooping Cranes in the released population. We present a detailed review of the demographic modeling efforts for two reintroduced populations of Whooping Cranes: the Florida Nonmigratory Population and the Eastern Migratory Population. Both of these populations have struggled with poor demographic performance, and the Florida Nonmigratory Population is now nearly extirpated. The focus of our review is on the models used to represent Whooping Crane population dynamics and the major uncertainties that still exist about population dynamics in reintroduced Whooping Cranes. We also discuss the centrality of population models to the management of reintroduced Whooping Cranes, and the use of decision analysis to navigate multiple-objective decisions made under uncertainty. Development of demographic models, and articulation and testing of hypotheses about the causes of poor demographic performance in reintroduced populations, will continue to be research areas of importance in support of Whooping Crane reintroduction.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00007-4","usgsCitation":"Converse, S.J., Servanty, S., Moore, C.T., and Runge, M.C., 2019, Population dynamics of reintroduced Whooping Cranes, chap. of Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation, p. 139-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00007-4.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"160","ipdsId":"IP-076813","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8dee4b034bf6a7e4d99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Servanty, Sabrina","contributorId":209864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Servanty","given":"Sabrina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":748974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Clinton T. 0000-0002-6053-2880 cmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-2880","contributorId":3643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Clinton","email":"cmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70200461,"text":"70200461 - 2019 - Whooping Cranes past and present","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T10:32:34","indexId":"70200461","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-23T14:16:48","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Whooping Cranes past and present","docAbstract":"The Whooping Crane (Grus americana), endemic to North America, is the rarest of all crane species. It is believed that in the early 1800s, the Whooping Crane was widespread in North America, though it was never very abundant. Whooping Crane numbers decreased precipitously as westward migration of Euro-American settlers converted prairie to cropland and the birds were hunted. By the early 1940s the total population was as low as 21 individuals; the migratory Aransas-Wood Buffalo Population, from which all extant Whooping Cranes are descended, dwindled to 16 in 1941. The threat of extinction was very real. These dire circumstances excited the interest of ornithologists and conservationists in the United States and Canada, and much has been accomplished since to conserve the species. To describe the historical and ongoing conservation activities for Whooping Cranes, we distinguish two eras of Whooping Crane Conservation: before 1950 and after 1950. The first era was characterized by publicizing the plight of the Whooping Crane and halting hunting and habitat destruction. The second era, continuing to the present, has been characterized by development of information about cranes through scientific study, conservation efforts of governmental and nongovernmental organizations, protection of the species under the Endangered Species Act in the United States and the Species at Risk Act in Canada, habitat protection, and reintroduction of new populations of Whooping Cranes. Publication of the monograph, The Whooping Crane by Robert Porter Allen, in 1952 stimulated much of the work of the second era, and still stands as the definitive work on the biology of Whooping Cranes. The remnant Aransas Wood Buffalo Population, which is crucial to species recovery, has grown to over 430 birds as of winter 2016–17. Four reintroduced populations were started in the second era; two are currently active efforts (the Eastern Migratory population and the Louisiana Nonmigratory Population), although neither population is selfsustaining. This volume gathers together the current scientific information about Whooping Cranes and the experiences of various reintroduction and management operations, to provide a baseline from which a third era of Whooping Crane conservation may be launched.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00001-3","usgsCitation":"French, J., Converse, S.J., and Austin, J.E., 2019, Whooping Cranes past and present, chap. of Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation, p. 3-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00001-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-092444","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358685,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8dee4b034bf6a7e4d9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, John B. Jr. 0000-0001-8901-7092","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8901-7092","contributorId":209865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"John B.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Austin, Jane E. 0000-0001-8775-2210 jaustin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8775-2210","contributorId":146411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane","email":"jaustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70200462,"text":"70200462 - 2019 - Reproductive failure in the Eastern Migratory Population: The interaction of research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T14:15:18","indexId":"70200462","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-23T14:14:49","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Reproductive failure in the Eastern Migratory Population: The interaction of research and management","docAbstract":"The reintroduction of the Eastern Migratory Population of Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) has shown the most promise of any effort to date toward the establishment of a self-sustaining population. However, reproduction – including both nest success and chick survival – has been a major challenge. Here, we review the research and management efforts deployed to identify and address this challenge. While there is evidence that a proximal cause of nest failure is harassment by blood-feeding black flies (Simulium spp.), this is not likely to be the only contributing factor, and we present alternative hypotheses. There is less understanding of the causes of poor chick survival, and we present hypotheses for factors that may be contributing to chick mortality, including environmental, genetic, and behavioral factors. For both nest success and chick survival, we carried out a value of information analysis, using expert judgment, which allowed us to prioritize the alternative hypotheses for evaluation based on the expected management benefit of addressing each hypothesis. On the horizon are multiple opportunities to explore hypotheses about environmental factors as well as genetic and behavioral characteristics of the birds themselves that may contribute to poor reproduction. If bird-specific characteristics, such as genetics or rearing methods, are hindering reproduction, this has important implications for all efforts to restore Whooping Crane populations.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00008-6","usgsCitation":"Converse, S.J., Strobel, B.N., and Barzen, J.A., 2019, Reproductive failure in the Eastern Migratory Population: The interaction of research and management, chap. of Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation, p. 161-178, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00008-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"178","ipdsId":"IP-076816","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358684,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8dee4b034bf6a7e4da1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strobel, Bradley N.","contributorId":56451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strobel","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":748983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barzen, Jeb A.","contributorId":190797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barzen","given":"Jeb","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":748984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70200343,"text":"70200343 - 2019 - Mortality in Aransas-Wood Buffalo Whooping Cranes: Timing, location, and causes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T14:07:48","indexId":"70200343","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-23T14:07:35","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Mortality in Aransas-Wood Buffalo Whooping Cranes: Timing, location, and causes","docAbstract":"For long-lived species with low fecundity rates, population growth rate can be sensitive to changes in annual survival. Understanding where, when, and why animals die provides useful information for prioritizing conservation practices designed to increase survival. As part of a satellite tracking study, we identified 19 confirmed and suspected deaths of Whooping Cranes of various ages from the Aransas-Wood Buffalo Population. Of these, more occurred during winter (∼45%), compared with summer (∼40%) or migration (∼15%). Summer mortalities occurred exclusively within Wood Buffalo National Park, and all winter mortalities occurred on the primary wintering grounds along the Texas Gulf Coast. Predation was the most common cause identified; proximate cause of mortality was not known for most of the birds. Previous assessments of mortality, based on assumptions and some supporting data, speculated that most mortality occurred during migration. Although preliminary, our results are based on stronger evidence and provide a different perspective. Migration may be less risky than previously assumed and of similar risk to other seasons; thus, conservation or management efforts to reduce mortality may have greater effect when focused during breeding and wintering periods, although feasibility and efficacy of these actions will need to be determined.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00006-2","usgsCitation":"Pearse, A.T., Brandt, D.A., Hartup, B.K., and Bidwell, M., 2019, Mortality in Aransas-Wood Buffalo Whooping Cranes: Timing, location, and causes, chap. of Whooping Cranes: Biology and conservation, p. 125-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803555-9.00006-2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"138","ipdsId":"IP-070538","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8dfe4b034bf6a7e4da4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, Aaron T. 0000-0002-6137-1556 apearse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-1556","contributorId":1772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Aaron","email":"apearse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, David A. 0000-0001-9786-307X dbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9786-307X","contributorId":149929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"David","email":"dbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartup, Barry K.","contributorId":209630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartup","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16606,"text":"International Crane Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":748412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bidwell, Mark T.","contributorId":139204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bidwell","given":"Mark T.","affiliations":[{"id":12696,"text":"Environmental Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":748413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}