{"pageNumber":"787","pageRowStart":"19650","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68924,"records":[{"id":98451,"text":"sir20105064 - 2010 - Land Disturbance Associated with Oil and Gas Development and Effects of Development-Related Land Disturbance on Dissolved-Solids Loads in Streams in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 1991, 2007, and 2025","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T10:47:16","indexId":"sir20105064","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5064","title":"Land Disturbance Associated with Oil and Gas Development and Effects of Development-Related Land Disturbance on Dissolved-Solids Loads in Streams in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 1991, 2007, and 2025","docAbstract":"Oil and gas resource development in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) has increased substantially since the year 2000. The UCRB encompasses several significant oil and gas producing areas that have the potential for continued oil and gas resource development. Land disturbance associated with oil and gas resource development is caused by activities related to constructing drill pads to contain drilling and well maintenance equipment and roads to access the drill pad. Land disturbed by oil and gas development has the potential to cause increased erosion, stream degradation, habitat fragmentation and alteration, and increase public use of areas that may be environmentally sensitive. Land disturbance resulting from oil and gas resource development has not been monitored and mapped on a regional scale in the UCRB. However, information on the location and age of oil and gas wells in the UCRB is available. These data combined with geographic data analysis and modeling techniques were used to estimate the total area of disturbed land associated with oil and gas resource development in 1991 and in 2007 in the UCRB. Additional information about anticipated oil and gas development in the UCRB was used to project land disturbance to the year 2025. Results of the analysis indicate that approximately 117,500 acres (183 mi2) of total land disturbance was associated with drill pads and related roads in the UCRB in 1991. The estimated area of disturbed land associated with oil and gas development increased 53 percent to 179,400 acres (280 mi2) in 2007. Projecting oil and gas development through 2025 results in a potential near doubling of the land surface disturbance to approximately 319,300 acres (500 mi2).\r\n\r\nEstimated land disturbance for 1991 and 2007 were input to a contaminant transport model developed for the UCRB to assess the statistical significance of energy-related land disturbance to contributing dissolved solids to basin streams. The statistical assessment was an observational study based on an existing model and available water-quality monitoring data for the basin. No new data were collected for the analysis. The source coefficient calibrated for the disturbed lands associated with oil and gas development in 2007 was zero, which indicated that estimated land disturbance from oil and gas development is not statistically significant in explaining dissolved solids in UCRB streams. The lack of significance in the contaminant transport modeling framework may be due to the amount of available monitoring data, the spatial distribution of monitoring sites with respect to land disturbance, or the overall quantity of land disturbance associated with oil and gas development basin wide. Finally, dissolved-solids loads derived from natural landscapes may be similar to loads derived from lands disturbed by oil and gas resource development. The model recalibration done for this study confirms calibration results from Kenney and others (2009): the most significant contributor to dissolved solids in the UCRB is irrigated agricultural land, which covers an area substantially larger than the estimated area disturbed by oil and gas development and is subjected to artificially applied water.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105064","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureaus of Land Management and Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Buto, S.G., Kenney, T.A., and Gerner, S.J., 2010, Land Disturbance Associated with Oil and Gas Development and Effects of Development-Related Land Disturbance on Dissolved-Solids Loads in Streams in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 1991, 2007, and 2025: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5064, viii, 35 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105064.","productDescription":"viii, 35 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5064.jpg"},{"id":13718,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5064/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,35 ], [ -114,43 ], [ -105,43 ], [ -105,35 ], [ -114,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af456","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buto, Susan G. 0000-0002-1107-9549 sbuto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9549","contributorId":1057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buto","given":"Susan","email":"sbuto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kenney, Terry A. 0000-0003-4477-7295 tkenney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4477-7295","contributorId":447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenney","given":"Terry","email":"tkenney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerner, Steven J. 0000-0002-5701-1304 sjgerner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-1304","contributorId":972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerner","given":"Steven","email":"sjgerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98449,"text":"fs20103017 - 2010 - Climate change and wildlife health: direct and indirect effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-12T16:18:13.385733","indexId":"fs20103017","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3017","title":"Climate change and wildlife health: direct and indirect effects","docAbstract":"<p>Climate change will have significant effects on the health of wildlife, domestic animals, and humans, according to scientists. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects that unprecedented rates of climate change will result in increasing average global temperatures; rising sea levels; changing global precipitation patterns, including increasing amounts and variability; and increasing midcontinental summer drought (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007). Increasing temperatures, combined with changes in rainfall and humidity, may have significant impacts on wildlife, domestic animal, and human health and diseases. When combined with expanding human populations, these changes could increase demand on limited water resources, lead to more habitat destruction, and provide yet more opportunities for infectious diseases to cross from one species to another.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Awareness has been growing in recent years about zoonotic diseases&mdash; that is, diseases that are transmissible between animals and humans, such as Lyme disease and West Nile virus. The rise of such diseases results from closer relationships among wildlife, domestic animals, and people, allowing more contact with diseased animals, organisms that carry and transmit a disease from one animal to another (vectors), and people. Disease vectors include insects, such as mosquitoes, and arachnids, such as ticks. Thus, it is impossible to separate the effects of global warming on wildlife from its effects on the health of domestic animals or people.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Climate change, habitat destruction and urbanization, the introduction of exotic and invasive species, and pollution&mdash;all affect ecosystem and human health. Climate change can also be viewed within the context of other physical and climate cycles, such as the El Ni&ntilde;o Southern Oscillation (El Ni&ntilde;o), the North Atlantic Oscillation, and cycles in solar radiation that have profound effects on the Earth&rsquo;s climate. The effects of climate change on wildlife disease are summarized in several areas of scientific study discussed briefly below: geographic range and distribution of wildlife diseases, plant and animal phenology (Walther and others, 2002), and patterns of wildlife disease, community and ecosystem composition, and habitat degradation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103017","usgsCitation":"Hofmeister, E.K., Moede Rogall, G., Wesenberg, K.E., Abbott, R.C., Work, T.M., Schuler, K., Sleeman, J.M., and Winton, J., 2010, Climate change and wildlife health: direct and indirect effects (Originally posted March 2010; Revised and reposted April 3, 2012): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3017, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103017.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029873","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":13716,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3017/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":289309,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3017/pdf/fs2010-3017_rev2012.pdf"},{"id":126651,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3017.jpg"}],"edition":"Originally posted March 2010; Revised and reposted April 3, 2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de28c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hofmeister, Erik K. 0000-0002-6360-3912 ehofmeister@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6360-3912","contributorId":3230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofmeister","given":"Erik","email":"ehofmeister@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moede Rogall, Gail 0000-0001-8831-8520 gmrogall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8831-8520","contributorId":195864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moede Rogall","given":"Gail","email":"gmrogall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wesenberg, Katherine E. 0000-0001-9995-2973 kwesenberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9995-2973","contributorId":482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesenberg","given":"Katherine","email":"kwesenberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abbott, Rachel C. 0000-0003-4820-9295 rabbott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-9295","contributorId":1183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Rachel","email":"rabbott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schuler, Krysten","contributorId":53735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuler","given":"Krysten","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sleeman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-9910-6125 jsleeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-6125","contributorId":128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeman","given":"Jonathan","email":"jsleeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":82110,"text":"Midcontinent Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Winton, James","contributorId":53897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":98448,"text":"ofr20101098 - 2010 - Flood of September 2008 in Northwestern Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-16T13:41:43","indexId":"ofr20101098","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1098","title":"Flood of September 2008 in Northwestern Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>During September 12-15, 2008, rainfall ranging from 2 to more than 11 inches fell on northwestern Indiana. The rainfall resulted in extensive flooding on many streams within the Lake Michigan and Kankakee River Basins during September 12-18, causing two deaths, evacuation of hundreds of residents, and millions of dollars of damage to residences, businesses, and infrastructure. In all, six counties in northwestern Indiana were declared Federal disaster areas. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages at four locations recorded new record peak streamflows as a result of the heavy rainfall. Peak-gage-height data, peak-streamflow data, annual exceedance probabilities, and recurrence intervals are tabulated in this report for 10 USGS streamgages in northwestern Indiana. Recurrence intervals of flood-peak streamflows were estimated to be greater than 100 years at six streamgages. Because flooding was particularly severe in the communities of Munster, Dyer, Hammond, Highland, Gary, Lake Station, Hobart, Schererville, Merrillville, Michiana Shores, and Portage, high-water-park data collected after the flood were tabulated for those communities. Flood peak inundation maps and water-surface profiles for selected streams were made in a geographic information system by combining high-water-mark data with the highest resolution digital elevation model data available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101098","collaboration":"In Cooperation With the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water","usgsCitation":"Fowler, K.K., Kim, M.H., Menke, C.D., and Arvin, D.V., 2010, Flood of September 2008 in Northwestern Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1098, vi, 12 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101098.","productDescription":"vi, 12 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1098.jpg"},{"id":13715,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1098/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.33333333333333,40.75 ], [ -87.33333333333333,41.75 ], [ -86,41.75 ], [ -86,40.75 ], [ -87.33333333333333,40.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e703d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fowler, Kathleen K. 0000-0002-0107-3848 kkfowler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-3848","contributorId":2439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"Kathleen","email":"kkfowler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kim, Moon H. 0000-0002-4328-8409 mkim@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4328-8409","contributorId":3211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Moon","email":"mkim@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Menke, Chad D. cdmenke@usgs.gov","contributorId":3209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menke","given":"Chad","email":"cdmenke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arvin, Donald V. dvarvin@usgs.gov","contributorId":3210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvin","given":"Donald","email":"dvarvin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70147577,"text":"70147577 - 2010 - Long-term trends in submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) in Chesapeake Bay, USA, related to water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-05T10:51:12","indexId":"70147577","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-11T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term trends in submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) in Chesapeake Bay, USA, related to water quality","docAbstract":"<p>Chesapeake Bay supports a diverse assemblage of marine and freshwater species of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) whose broad distributions are generally constrained by salinity. An annual aerial SAV monitoring program and a bi-monthly to monthly water quality monitoring program have been conducted throughout Chesapeake Bay since 1984. We performed an analysis of SAV abundance and up to 22 environmental variables potentially influencing SAV growth and abundance (1984-2006). Historically, SAV abundance has changed dramatically in Chesapeake Bay, and since 1984, when SAV abundance was at historic low levels, SAV has exhibited complex changes including long-term (decadal) increases and decreases, as well as some large, single-year changes. Chesapeake Bay SAV was grouped into three broad-scale community-types based on salinity regime, each with their own distinct group of species, and detailed analyses were conducted on these three community-types as well as on seven distinct case-study areas spanning the three salinity regimes. Different trends in SAVabundance were evident in the different salinity regimes. SAV abundance has (a) continually increased in the low-salinity region; (b) increased initially in the medium-salinity region, followed by fluctuating abundances; and (c) increased initially in the high-salinity region, followed by a subsequent decline. In all areas, consistent negative correlations between measures of SAV abundance and nitrogen loads or concentrations suggest that meadows are responsive to changes in inputs of nitrogen. For smaller case-study areas, different trends in SAV abundance were also noted including correlations to water clarity in high-salinity case-study areas, but nitrogen was highly correlated in all areas. Current maximum SAV coverage for almost all areas remain below restoration targets, indicating that SAV abundance and associated ecosystem services are currently limited by continued poor water quality, and specifically high nutrient concentrations, within Chesapeake Bay. The nutrient reductions noted in some tributaries, which were highly correlated to increases in SAV abundance, suggest management activities have already contributed to SAV increases in some areas, but the strong negative correlation throughout the Chesapeake Bay between nitrogen and SAV abundance also suggests that further nutrient reductions will be necessary for SAV to attain or exceed restoration targets throughout the bay.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Estuarine Research Federation","publisherLocation":"Port Republic, MD","doi":"10.1007/s12237-010-9311-4","usgsCitation":"Orth, R.J., Williams, M.R., Marion, S.R., Wilcox, D.J., Carruthers, T., Moore, K.A., Kemp, W., Dennison, W.C., Rybicki, N.B., Bergstrom, P., and Batiuk, R.A., 2010, Long-term trends in submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) in Chesapeake Bay, USA, related to water quality: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 33, no. 5, p. 1144-1163, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9311-4.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1144","endPage":"1163","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-019894","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5549e9bde4b064e4207ca447","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orth, Robert J.","contributorId":140562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Michael R.","contributorId":140563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marion, Scott R.","contributorId":140564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marion","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilcox, David J.","contributorId":140565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcox","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carruthers, Tim J. B.","contributorId":140566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carruthers","given":"Tim J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moore, Kenneth A.","contributorId":140569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kemp, W. M.","contributorId":77990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemp","given":"W. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dennison, William C.","contributorId":140570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dennison","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rybicki, Nancy B. 0000-0002-2205-7927 nrybicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2205-7927","contributorId":2142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"Nancy","email":"nrybicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bergstrom, Peter","contributorId":140559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergstrom","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6637,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Batiuk, Richard A.","contributorId":8368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batiuk","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":98446,"text":"sir20105085 - 2010 - Fate and transport of petroleum hydrocarbons in the subsurface near Cass Lake, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-02T10:37:09","indexId":"sir20105085","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5085","title":"Fate and transport of petroleum hydrocarbons in the subsurface near Cass Lake, Minnesota","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) investigated the natural attenuation of subsurface petroleum hydrocarbons leaked over an unknown number of years from an oil pipeline under the Enbridge Energy Limited Partnership South Cass Lake Pumping Station, in Cass Lake, Minnesota. Three weeks of field work conducted between May 2007 and July 2008 delineated a dissolved plume of aromatic hydrocarbons and characterized the biodegradation processes of the petroleum. Field activities included installing monitoring wells, collecting sediment cores, sampling water from wells, and measuring water-table elevations. Geochemical measurements included concentrations of constituents in both spilled and pipeline oil, dissolved alkylbenzenes and redox constituents, sediment bioavailable iron, and aquifer microbial populations. Groundwater in this area flows east-southeast at approximately 26 meters per year. Results from the oil analyses indicate a high degree of biodegradation, characterized by nearly complete absence of n-alkanes. Cass Lake oil samples were more degraded than two oil samples collected in 2008 from the similarly contaminated USGS Bemidji, Minnesota, research site 40 kilometers away. Based on 19 ratios developed for comparing oil sources, the conclusion is that the oils at the two sites appear to be from the same hydrocarbon source.\r\n\r\nIn the Cass Lake groundwater plume, benzene concentrations decrease by three orders of magnitude within 150 meters (m) downgradient from the oil body floating on the water table (between well MW-10 and USGS-4 well nest). The depths of the highest benzene concentrations increase with distance downgradient from the oil, a condition typical of plumes in shallow, unconfined aquifers. Background groundwater, which is nearly saturated with oxygen, becomes almost entirely anaerobic in the plume. As at the Bemidji site, the most important biodegradation processes are anaerobic and dominated by iron reduction. The similarity between the Cass Lake and Bemidji benzene degradation rates, redox conditions, and aquifer material all support a hypothesis that the Cass Lake plume, like the Bemidji plume, is decades old.\r\n\r\nAs concentrations of alkylbenzenes in the oil decrease over time, the benzene concentrations in the groundwater plume will also decrease and the plume is expected to shrink. The Fox Creek wetland, about 250 m south of the Cass Lake site, is the nearest receptor to the south. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105085","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, Department of Resource Management","usgsCitation":"Drennan, D.M., Bekins, B.A., Warren, E., Cozzarelli, I.M., Baedecker, M., Herkelrath, W.N., Delin, G.N., Rosenbauer, R.J., and Campbell, P.L., 2010, Fate and transport of petroleum hydrocarbons in the subsurface near Cass Lake, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5085, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105085.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-05-01","temporalEnd":"2008-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5085.jpg"},{"id":13711,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5085/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.83333333333333,47.166666666666664 ], [ -94.83333333333333,47.916666666666664 ], [ -94.33333333333333,47.916666666666664 ], [ -94.33333333333333,47.166666666666664 ], [ -94.83333333333333,47.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f72c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drennan, Dina M.","contributorId":63674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drennan","given":"Dina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warren, Ean ewarren@usgs.gov","contributorId":1351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Ean","email":"ewarren@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baedecker, Mary Jo","contributorId":73992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"Mary Jo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herkelrath, William N. 0000-0002-6149-5524 wnherkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-5524","contributorId":2612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkelrath","given":"William","email":"wnherkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Delin, Geoffrey N. 0000-0001-7991-6158 delin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-6158","contributorId":2610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"Geoffrey","email":"delin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":5063,"text":"Central Water Science Field Team","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rosenbauer, Robert J. brosenbauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbauer","given":"Robert","email":"brosenbauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Campbell, Pamela L.","contributorId":76719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70156404,"text":"70156404 - 2010 - A geochemical module for \"AMDTreat\" to compute caustic quantity, effluent quantity, and sludge volume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-26T16:05:56.520884","indexId":"70156404","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A geochemical module for \"AMDTreat\" to compute caustic quantity, effluent quantity, and sludge volume","docAbstract":"<p><span>Treatment with caustic chemicals typically is used to increase pH and decrease concentrations of dissolved aluminum, iron, and/or manganese in largevolume, metal-laden discharges from active coal mines. Generally, aluminum and iron can be removed effectively at near-neutral pH (6 to 8), whereas active manganese removal requires treatment to alkaline pH (~10). The treatment cost depends on the specific chemical used (NaOH, CaO, Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>, or NH<sub>3</sub>) and increases with the quantities of chemical added and sludge produced. The pH and metals concentrations do not change linearly with the amount of chemical added. Consequently, the amount of caustic chemical needed to achieve a target pH and the corresponding effluent composition and sludge volume can not be accurately determined without empirical titration data or the application of geochemical models to simulate the titration of the discharge water with caustic chemical(s). The AMDTreat computer program (http://amd.osmre.gov/ ) is widely used to compute costs for treatment of coal-mine drainage. Although AMDTreat can use results of empirical titration with industrial grade caustic chemicals to compute chemical costs for treatment of net-acidic or net-alkaline mine drainage, such data are rarely available. To improve the capability of AMDTreat to estimate (1) the quantity and cost of caustic chemicals to attain a target pH, (2) the concentrations of dissolved metals in treated effluent, and (3) the volume of sludge produced by the treatment, a titration simulation is being developed using the geochemical program PHREEQC (wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/GWC_coupled/phreeqc/) that will be coupled as a module to AMDTreat. The simulated titration results can be compared with or used in place of empirical titration data to estimate chemical quantities and costs. This paper describes the development, evaluation, and potential utilization of the PHREEQC titration module for AMDTreat.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Joint Mining Reclamation Conference 2010: 27th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation, 12th Annual Pennsylvania Abandoned Mine Reclamation Conference and 4th Annual Appalachian Regional Reforestation Initiative Mined Land Reforestation Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, 5-11 June 2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Joint Mining Reclamation Conference 2010","conferenceDate":"June 5-11 2010","conferenceLocation":"Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mining and Reclamation","doi":"10.21000/JASMR10011413","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C.A., Parkhurst, D.L., Means, B.P., McKenzie, B., Morris, H., and Arthur, B., 2010, A geochemical module for \"AMDTreat\" to compute caustic quantity, effluent quantity, and sludge volume, <i>in</i> Joint Mining Reclamation Conference 2010: 27th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation, 12th Annual Pennsylvania Abandoned Mine Reclamation Conference and 4th Annual Appalachian Regional Reforestation Initiative Mined Land Reforestation Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, 5-11 June 2010, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 5-11 2010, p. 1413-1436, https://doi.org/10.21000/JASMR10011413.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1413","endPage":"1436","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025619","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.21000/jasmr10011413","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"\"Cal Pike\" coal mine, Western Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.6341552734375,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.22265625,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.22265625,\n              41.96357478222518\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6341552734375,\n              41.96357478222518\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6341552734375,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c3de4b0ebfbef0d3126","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III, 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":2193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles","suffix":"III,","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":569038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Means, Brent P","contributorId":140842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Means","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":13592,"text":"US Office of Surface Mining","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKenzie, Bob","contributorId":146810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKenzie","given":"Bob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morris, Harry","contributorId":146811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"Harry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arthur, Bill","contributorId":146812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arthur","given":"Bill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":98439,"text":"sir20105101 - 2010 - Completion Summary for Well NRF-16 near the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:29","indexId":"sir20105101","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5101","title":"Completion Summary for Well NRF-16 near the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy's Naval Reactors Laboratory Field Office, Idaho Branch Office cored and completed well NRF-16 for monitoring the eastern Snake River Plain (SRP) aquifer. The borehole was initially cored to a depth of 425 feet below land surface and water samples and geophysical data were collected and analyzed to determine if well NRF-16 would meet criteria requested by Naval Reactors Facility (NRF) for a new upgradient well. Final construction continued after initial water samples and geophysical data indicated that NRF-16 would produce chemical concentrations representative of upgradient aquifer water not influenced by NRF facility disposal, and that the well was capable of producing sustainable discharge for ongoing monitoring. The borehole was reamed and constructed as a Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act monitoring well complete with screen and dedicated pump.\r\n\r\nGeophysical and borehole video logs were collected after coring and final completion of the monitoring well. Geophysical logs were examined in conjunction with the borehole core to identify primary flow paths for groundwater, which are believed to occur in the intervals of fractured and vesicular basalt and to describe borehole lithology in detail. Geophysical data also were examined to look for evidence of perched water and the extent of the annular seal after cement grouting the casing in place. Borehole videos were collected to confirm that no perched water was present and to examine the borehole before and after setting the screen in well NRF-16.\r\n\r\nTwo consecutive single-well aquifer tests to define hydraulic characteristics for well NRF-16 were conducted in the eastern SRP aquifer. Transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity averaged from the aquifer tests were 4.8 x 103 ft2/d and 9.9 ft/d, respectively. The transmissivity for well NRF-16 was within the range of values determined from past aquifer tests in other wells near NRF\r\nof 4.4 x 102 to 5.1 x 105 ft2/d.\r\n\r\nWater samples were analyzed for metals, nutrients, total organic carbon, volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, herbicides, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenols, and radionuclides. All chloride, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations were less than background concentrations for the eastern SRP aquifer north of the NRF. Concentrations in water samples for most of the organic compounds and radionuclides were less than the reporting limits and reporting levels.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105101","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/ID-22210","usgsCitation":"Twining, B.V., Fisher, J.C., and Bartholomay, R.C., 2010, Completion Summary for Well NRF-16 near the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5101, vi, 36 p.; 2 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105101.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.; 2 Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5101.jpg"},{"id":13704,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5101/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.5,43.46666666666667 ], [ -113.5,44.25 ], [ -112.41666666666667,44.25 ], [ -112.41666666666667,43.46666666666667 ], [ -113.5,43.46666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a82f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twining, Brian V. 0000-0003-1321-4721 btwining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-4721","contributorId":2387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twining","given":"Brian","email":"btwining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Jason C. 0000-0001-9032-8912 jfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9032-8912","contributorId":2523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Jason","email":"jfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98442,"text":"ofr20101075 - 2010 - Basal Resources in Backwaters of the Colorado River Below Glen Canyon Dam-Effects of Discharge Regimes and Comparison with Mainstem Depositional Environments ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:52","indexId":"ofr20101075","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1075","title":"Basal Resources in Backwaters of the Colorado River Below Glen Canyon Dam-Effects of Discharge Regimes and Comparison with Mainstem Depositional Environments ","docAbstract":" Eight species of fish were native to the Colorado River before the closure of Glen Canyon Dam, but only four of these native species are currently present. A variety of factors are responsible for the loss of native fish species and the limited distribution and abundance of those that remain. These factors include cold and constant water temperatures, predation and competition with nonnative fish species, and food limitation. Backwaters are areas of stagnant flow in a return-current channel and are thought to be critical rearing habitat for juvenile native fish. Backwaters can be warmer than the main channel and may support higher rates of food production. Glen Canyon Dam is a peaking hydropower facility and, as a result, has subdaily variation in discharge because of changes in demand for power. Stable daily discharges may improve the quality of nearshore rearing habitats such as backwaters by increasing warming, stabilizing the substrate, and increasing food production.\r\n\r\nTo evaluate whether backwaters have greater available food resources than main-channel habitats, and how resource availability in backwaters is affected by stable flow regimes, we quantified water-column and benthic food resources in backwaters seasonally for 1 year using both standing (organic matter concentration/density; chlorophyll a concentration/density; zooplankton concentration; benthic invertebrate density and biomass) and process measurements (chamber estimates of ecosystem metabolism). We compared backwater resource measurements with comparable data from main-channel habitats, and compared backwater data collected during stable discharge with data collected when there was subdaily variation in discharge. Rates of primary production in backwaters (mean gross primary production of 1.7 g O2/m2/d) and the main channel (mean gross primary production of 2.0 g O2/m2/d) were similar. Benthic organic matter standing stock (presented as ash-free dry mass-AFDM) was seven times higher in backwaters relative to main-channel habitats (median value of 210 g AFDM/m2 versus 27 g AFDM/m2); this likely reflects greater retention of tributary-derived organic matter in backwaters relative to main-channel habitats. Water-column and benthic organic matter were higher during periods of steady discharge relative to periods of fluctuating discharge. However, our steady-discharge data collection was confounded by tributary activity. Flooding tributaries contribute substantial quantities of sediment and organic matter to the Colorado River; there were two large tributary floods during our steady-discharge data collection but none during our fluctuating-discharge data collections. Although only preliminary data on invertebrate biomass are available at this time, invertebrate biomass in backwaters (range 2-27 mg AFDM/m2) appears low relative to previously published data from main-channel habitats (~100 mg AFDM/m2).\r\n\r\nThe rate of water turnover in backwaters may be a master variable that affects both physical (for example, warming) and biological (for example, primary production) processes in backwaters. We used dye tracer studies to estimate turnover rates in backwaters across flow regimes. Turnover took considerably longer when discharge was stable compared to when there was subdaily variation in discharge (613 minutes versus 220 minutes). Our results indicate that backwaters may represent a sink for organic matter that enters from the main channel and that stable discharge, by lengthening water turnover times, will likely increase organic matter retention. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Wyoming","usgsCitation":"Behn, K.E., Kennedy, T., and Hall, R., 2010, Basal Resources in Backwaters of the Colorado River Below Glen Canyon Dam-Effects of Discharge Regimes and Comparison with Mainstem Depositional Environments : U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1075, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101075.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1075.jpg"},{"id":13707,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1075/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","projection":"Stateplane","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,35 ], [ -114.5,37.5 ], [ -111,37.5 ], [ -111,35 ], [ -114.5,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6494ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behn, Katherine E.","contributorId":35033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behn","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Theodore A. 0000-0003-3477-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-3629","contributorId":50227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Theodore A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, Robert O. Jr.","contributorId":104182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Robert O.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98440,"text":"ofr20101117 - 2010 - Environmental Assessment for a Marine Geophysical Survey of Parts of the Arctic Ocean, August-September 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:52","indexId":"ofr20101117","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1117","title":"Environmental Assessment for a Marine Geophysical Survey of Parts of the Arctic Ocean, August-September 2010","docAbstract":"According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), individual nations? sovereign rights extend to 200 nautical miles (n.mi.) (370 km) offshore or to a maritime boundary in an area called the continental shelf. These rights include jurisdiction over all resources in the water column and on and beneath the seabed. Article 76 of UNCLOS also establishes the criteria to determine areas beyond the 200 n.mi. (370 km) limit that could be defined as ?extended continental shelf,? where a nation could extend its sovereign rights over the seafloor and sub-seafloor (As used in UNCLOS, ?continental shelf? refers to a legally defined region of the sea floor rather than a morphological shallow-water area adjacent to continents commonly used by geologists and hydrographers.). This jurisdiction provided in Article 76 includes resources on and below the seafloor but not in the water column. The United States has been acquiring data to determine the outer limits of its extended continental shelf in the Arctic and has a vested interest in declaring and receiving international recognition of the reach of its extended continental shelf. \r\n\r\nThe U.S. collaborated with Canada in 2008 and 2009 on extended continental shelf studies in the Arctic Ocean. The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Cutter Healy worked with the Canadian Coast Guard ship Louis S. St. Laurent to map the continental shelf beyond 200 n.mi. (370 km) in the Arctic. Each icebreaking vessel contributed different capabilities in order to collect data needed by both nations more efficiently in order to save money, avoid redundancy, and foster cooperation. Generally, the Healy collects bathymetric (sea-floor topography) data and the Louis S. St. Laurent collects seismic reflection profile data. The vessels work in concert when ice conditions are heavy, with one vessel breaking ice for the ship collecting data. The Canadian Environmental Assessments for these projects are available on line at http://www.ceaa.gc.ca/052/details-eng.cfm?pid=38185 (2008) and http://www.ceaa.gc.ca/052/details-eng.cfm?pid=46518 (2009). \r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) are undertaking a similar partnership again for 2010 in a limited area of U.S. waters during the period between ~10 and 16 August. The survey vessels will then proceed to international or Canadian waters where surveying will proceed until ~3 September, when the two icebreakers will separate to conduct independent work. The survey area of the joint work will be bounded approximately by 145? to 158? W longitude and 71? to 84? N latitude in water depths ranging from ~2,000 to 4,000 m (fig. 1). Ice conditions are expected to range from open water to 10/10 ice cover. The Louis S. St. Laurent will join accompanying vessel Healy in or near the survey area around 10 August to begin the joint survey work. \r\n\r\nAs its energy source, the seismic system aboard Louis S. St. Laurent will employ a 3-airgun array consisting of three Sercel G-airguns. Two guns will have a discharge volume of 500 in3 and the third a discharge volume of 150 in3 for a total array discharge volume of 1,150 in3. The seismic survey will take place in water depths 2,000?4,000 m. This airgun array is identical to the system used in the 2008 and 2009 field programs by the Geological Survey of Canada. \r\n\r\nThe USGS requested that the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) issue an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) to authorize the incidental, that is, not intentional, harassment of small numbers of cetaceans and seals should this occur during the seismic survey in U.S. waters. USGS is also consulting with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) regarding concerns about disturbance to walruses and polar bears. Through informal consultation with the Office of Protected Resources with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), USGS proposes that no ESA-listed marine species?bowhead, fin, humpback or sperm whale?w","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101117","usgsCitation":"Haley, B., Ireland, D., and Childs, J.R., 2010, Environmental Assessment for a Marine Geophysical Survey of Parts of the Arctic Ocean, August-September 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1117, x, 111 p.; Appendices; Finding of No Significant Impact File, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101117.","productDescription":"x, 111 p.; Appendices; Finding of No Significant Impact File","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1117.jpg"},{"id":13705,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1117/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160,71 ], [ -160,78 ], [ -144,78 ], [ -144,71 ], [ -160,71 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6025c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haley, Beth","contributorId":44258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haley","given":"Beth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ireland, Darren","contributorId":50244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ireland","given":"Darren","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Childs, Jonathan R. jchilds@usgs.gov","contributorId":3155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"Jonathan","email":"jchilds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98441,"text":"sir20095190 - 2010 - Hydraulic Properties of the Magothy and Upper Glacial Aquifers at Centereach, Suffolk County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:29","indexId":"sir20095190","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5190","title":"Hydraulic Properties of the Magothy and Upper Glacial Aquifers at Centereach, Suffolk County, New York","docAbstract":"Horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, and storativity of the aquifer system at Centereach, New York, were estimated using analytical multiple-well aquifer test models and compared with results of numerical regional flow modeling and hydrogeologic framework studies. During the initial operation of production well S125632 in May 2008, continuous water-level and temperature data were collected at a cluster of five partially penetrating observation wells, located about 100 feet (ft) from S125632, and at observation well S33380, located about 10,000 ft from S125632. Data collection intervals ranged from 30 seconds to 30 minutes and analytical model calibration was conducted using visual trial-and-error techniques with time series parsed to 30-minute intervals. The following assumptions were applied to analytical models: (1) infinite aerial extent, (2) homogeneity, (3) uniform 600-ft aquifer thickness, (4) unsteady flow, (5) instantaneous release from storage with the decline in head, (6) no storage within pumped wells, (7) a constant-head plane adjacent to bounding confining units, and (8) no horizontal component of flow through confining units.\r\n\r\nPreliminary estimates of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of 50 ft per day horizontal and 0.5 ft per day vertical were extrapolated from previous flow modeling and hydrogeologic framework studies of the Magothy aquifer. Two applications were then developed from the Hantush analytical model. Model A included only the pumping stress of S125632, whereas model B included the concurrent pumping stresses from two other production well fields (wells S66496 and S32551). Model A provided a sufficient match to the observed water-level responses from pumping, whereas model B more accurately reproduced water levels similar to those observed during non-pumping of S125632, as well as some effects of interference from the concurrent pumping nearby. In both models, storativity was estimated to be 0.003 (dimensionless) and the Hantush leakage parameter '1/B' was estimated to be 0.00083 ft-1. Representation of leakage across the overlying confining layer was likely complicated by: (1) irregularities in surface altitude and (2) groundwater recharge due to rainfall during the aquifer test.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095190","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Suffolk County Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Misut, P.E., and Busciolano, R., 2010, Hydraulic Properties of the Magothy and Upper Glacial Aquifers at Centereach, Suffolk County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5190, vi, 23 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095190.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5190.jpg"},{"id":13706,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5190/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.13333333333334,40.8 ], [ -73.13333333333334,40.9 ], [ -73,40.9 ], [ -73,40.8 ], [ -73.13333333333334,40.8 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a347","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Misut, Paul E. 0000-0002-6502-5255 pemisut@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-5255","contributorId":1073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misut","given":"Paul","email":"pemisut@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Busciolano, Ronald 0000-0002-9257-8453 rjbuscio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9257-8453","contributorId":1059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busciolano","given":"Ronald","email":"rjbuscio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98430,"text":"sir20105026 - 2010 - Breakpoint analysis and assessment of selected stressor variables on benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities in Indiana streams:  Implications for developing nutrient criteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-20T20:09:39.362362","indexId":"sir20105026","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5026","title":"Breakpoint analysis and assessment of selected stressor variables on benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities in Indiana streams:  Implications for developing nutrient criteria","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water chemistry, periphyton and seston chlorophyll&nbsp;</span><i>a</i><span>&nbsp;(CHL</span><i>a</i><span>), and biological community data were collected from 321 sites from 2001 through 2005 to (1) determine statistically and ecologically significant relations among the stressor (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, periphyton and seston CHL</span><i>a</i><span>, and turbidity) variables and response (biological community) variables; and, (2)&nbsp;determine the breakpoint of biological community attributes and metrics in response to changes in stressor variables. Because of the typically weak relations among the stressor and response variables, methods were developed to reduce the effects of non-nutrient biological stressors that could mask the effect of nutrients. Stressor variable concentrations ranged from 0.30 to 11.0 milligrams per liter (mg/L) for total nitrogen, 0.025 to 1.33&nbsp;mg/L for total phosphorus, 2.9 to 768 milligrams per square meter (mg/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) for periphyton CHL</span><i>a</i><span>, and 0.37 to 42 micrograms per liter (µg/L) for seston CHL</span><i>a</i><span>. Turbidity, another stressor variable, ranged from 0.8 to 65.4 Nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs). When the nutrient and CHL</span><i>a</i><span>&nbsp;data were compared to Dodds’ trophic classifications, 75.0 percent of the values for total nitrogen, 46.6 percent of the values for total phosphorus, 35.8&nbsp;percent of the values for periphyton CHL</span><i>a</i><span>, and 3.5 percent of the values for seston CHL</span><i>a</i><span>, were eutrophic. The invertebrate communities were dominated by families considered highly nutrient tolerant, Chironimidae, (41.7 percent relative abundance), Hydropsychidae, (17.3 percent relative abundance), and Baetidae, (10.2 percent relative abundance). Fish communities were dominated by algivores and nutrient-tolerant species, specifically central stonerollers (13.3 percent relative abundance), creek chubs (9.9 percent relative abundance), and bluntnose minnows (9.3 percent relative abundance). Although not the dominant taxa, white sucker, spotted sucker, green sunfish, and bluegill species were correlated (p ‹0.05) with the stressor variables. The median breakpoints ranged from 2.4 to 3.3 mg/L for total nitrogen, from 0.042 to 0.129 mg/L for total phosphorus, from 54 to 68&nbsp;mg/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;for periphyton CHL</span><i>a</i><span>, from 4.5 to 7.5 µg/L for seston CHL</span><i>a</i><span>, and from 14.1 to 16.1 NTU for turbidity. The breakpoints determined in this study, in addition to Dodds’ trophic classifications, were used as multiple lines of evidence to show changes in fish and invertebrate community and attributes based on annual exposure to nutrients.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, Division of Water, Assessment Branch","usgsCitation":"Caskey, B.J., Frey, J.W., and Selvaratnam, S., 2010, Breakpoint analysis and assessment of selected stressor variables on benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities in Indiana streams:  Implications for developing nutrient criteria: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5026, Report: vi, 35 p.; 8 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105026.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 35 p.; 8 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 \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aeee4b07f02db6911e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caskey, Brian J.","contributorId":104119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caskey","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frey, Jeffrey W. 0000-0002-3453-5009 jwfrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-5009","contributorId":487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwfrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Selvaratnam, Shivi","contributorId":100968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selvaratnam","given":"Shivi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98438,"text":"ds508 - 2010 - Streamflow characteristics of streams in southeastern Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T12:01:49","indexId":"ds508","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"508","title":"Streamflow characteristics of streams in southeastern Afghanistan","docAbstract":"Statistical summaries of streamflow data for all historical streamgaging stations that have available data in the southeastern Afghanistan provinces of Ghazni, Khost, Logar, Paktya, and Wardak, and a portion of Kabul Province are presented in this report. The summaries for each streamgaging station include a station desciption, table of statistics of monthly and annual mean discharges, table of monthly and annual flow duration, table of probability of occurrence of annual high discharges, table of probability of occurrence of annual low discharges, table of annual peak discharge and corresponding gage height for the period of record, and table of monthly and annual mean discharges for the period of record.\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds508","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ","usgsCitation":"Vining, K.C., 2010, Streamflow characteristics of streams in southeastern Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 508, iv, 104 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds508.","productDescription":"iv, 104 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_508.jpg"},{"id":13695,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/508/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Afghanistan","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4fd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vining, Kevin C. 0000-0001-5738-3872 kcvining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5738-3872","contributorId":308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vining","given":"Kevin","email":"kcvining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98437,"text":"fs20103030 - 2010 - Hydrology of Johnson Creek Basin, a Mixed-Use Drainage Basin in the Portland, Oregon, Metropolitan Area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:29","indexId":"fs20103030","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3030","title":"Hydrology of Johnson Creek Basin, a Mixed-Use Drainage Basin in the Portland, Oregon, Metropolitan Area","docAbstract":"Johnson Creek forms a wildlife and recreational corridor through densely populated areas of the Portland, Oregon, metropolitan area and through rural and agricultural land in unincorporated Multnomah and Clackamas Counties. Johnson Creek has had a history of persistent flooding and water-quality problems. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has conducted streamflow monitoring and other hydrologic studies in the basin since 1941.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103030","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.S., Lee, K.K., and Snyder, D.T., 2010, Hydrology of Johnson Creek Basin, a Mixed-Use Drainage Basin in the Portland, Oregon, Metropolitan Area: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3030, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103030.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3030.jpg"},{"id":13696,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3030/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.83333333333333,45.333333333333336 ], [ -122.83333333333333,45.666666666666664 ], [ -122.16666666666667,45.666666666666664 ], [ -122.16666666666667,45.333333333333336 ], [ -122.83333333333333,45.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e949","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, John S. johnw@usgs.gov","contributorId":329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"johnw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Karl K.","contributorId":41050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snyder, Daniel T. dtsnyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Daniel","email":"dtsnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98435,"text":"ofr20101046 - 2010 - Streamflow, Water Quality, and Constituent Loads and Yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:29","indexId":"ofr20101046","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1046","title":"Streamflow, Water Quality, and Constituent Loads and Yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2006","docAbstract":"Streamflow and water-quality data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) or the Providence Water Supply Board, Rhode Island's largest drinking-water supplier. Streamflow was measured or estimated by the USGS following standard methods at 23 streamgage stations; 10 of these stations were also equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance. Streamflow and concentrations of sodium and chloride estimated from records of specific conductance were used to calculate instantaneous (15-minute) loads of sodium and chloride during water year (WY) 2006 (October 1, 2005, to September 30, 2006). Water-quality samples were also collected at 37 sampling stations in the Scituate Reservoir drainage area by the Providence Water Supply Board during WY 2006 as part of a long-term sampling program. Water-quality data are summarized by using values of central tendency and are used, in combination with measured (or estimated) streamflows, to calculate loads and yields (loads per unit area) of selected water-quality constituents for WY 2006.\r\n\r\nThe largest tributary to the reservoir (the Ponaganset River, which was monitored by the USGS) contributed about 42 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) to the reservoir during WY 2006. For the same time period, annual mean streamflows1 measured (or estimated) for the other monitoring stations in this study ranged from about 0.60 to 26 ft3/s. Together, tributary streams (equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance) transported about 1,600,000 kilograms (kg) of sodium and 2,500,000 kg of chloride to the Scituate Reservoir during WY 2006; sodium and chloride yields for the tributaries ranged from 15,000 to 100,000 kilograms per square mile (kg/mi2) and from 22,000 to 180,000 kg/mi2, respectively.\r\n\r\nAt the stations where water-quality samples were collected by the Providence Water Supply Board, the median of the median chloride concentrations was 24.6 milligrams per liter (mg/L), median nitrite concentration was 0.001 mg/L as N, median nitrate concentration was 0.02 mg/L as N, median orthophosphate concentration was 0.07 mg/L as P, and median concentrations of total coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria were 43 and 23 colony forming units per 100 milliliters (CFU/100 mL), respectively. The medians of the median daily loads (and yields) of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, and total coliform and E. coli bacteria were 230 kg/d (81 kg/d/mi2), 17 g/d (4.4 g/d/mi2), 130 g/d (50 g/d/mi2), 470 g/d (210 g/d/mi2), and 2,100 million colony forming units per day (CFU?106/d) (1,300 CFU?106/d/mi2) and 670 CFU?106/d (420 CFU?106/d/mi2), respectively.\r\n\r\n1The arithmetic mean of the individual daily mean discharges for the year noted or for the designated period.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101046","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the\r\nProvidence Water Supply Board and the\r\nRhode Island Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Breault, R., and Campbell, J.P., 2010, Streamflow, Water Quality, and Constituent Loads and Yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1046, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101046.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":544,"text":"Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1046.jpg"},{"id":13702,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1046/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.76666666666667,41.75 ], [ -71.76666666666667,41.916666666666664 ], [ -71.58333333333333,41.916666666666664 ], [ -71.58333333333333,41.75 ], [ -71.76666666666667,41.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ceb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breault, Robert F. 0000-0002-2517-407X rbreault@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-407X","contributorId":2219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breault","given":"Robert F.","email":"rbreault@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Jean P.","contributorId":67969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98436,"text":"ofr20101047 - 2010 - Hydrostratigraphic mapping of the Milford-Souhegan glacial drift aquifer, and effects of hydrostratigraphy on transport of PCE, Operable Unit 1, Savage Superfund Site, Milford, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-16T21:55:40.480008","indexId":"ofr20101047","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1047","title":"Hydrostratigraphic mapping of the Milford-Souhegan glacial drift aquifer, and effects of hydrostratigraphy on transport of PCE, Operable Unit 1, Savage Superfund Site, Milford, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"<p>The Savage Municipal Well Superfund site in the Town of Milford, New Hampshire, was underlain by a 0.5-square mile plume (as mapped in 1994) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), most of which consisted of tetrachloroethylene (PCE). The plume occurs mostly within highly transmissive stratified-drift deposits but also extends into underlying till and bedrock. The plume has been divided into two areas called Operable Unit 1 (OU1), which contains the primary source area, and Operable Unit 2 (OU2), which is defined as the extended plume area outside of OU1. The OU1 remedial system includes a low-permeability barrier wall that encircles the highest detected concentrations of PCE and a series of injection and extraction wells to contain and remove contaminants. The barrier wall likely penetrates the full thickness of the sand and gravel; in many places, it also penetrates the full thickness of the underlying basal till and sits atop bedrock.</p><p>From 1998 to 2004, PCE concentrations decreased by an average of 80 percent at most wells outside the barrier wall. However, inside the barrier, PCE concentrations greater than 10,000 micrograms per liter (μg/L) still exist (2008). The remediation of these areas of recalcitrant PCE presents challenges to successful remediation.</p><p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Region 1, is studying the solute transport of VOCs (primarily PCE) in contaminated groundwater in the unconsolidated sediments (overburden) of the Savage site and specifically assisting in the evaluation of the effectiveness of remedial operations in the OU1 area. As part of this effort, the USGS analyzed the subsurface stratigraphy to help understand hydrostratigraphic controls on remediation.</p><p>A combination of lithologic, borehole natural gamma-ray and electromagnetic (EM) induction logging, and test drilling has identified 11 primary hydrostratigraphic units in OU1. These 11 units consist of several well-sorted sandy layers with some gravel that are separated by poorly sorted cobble layers with a fine-grained matrix. Collectively these units represent glacial sediments deposited by localized ice-margin fluctuations. For the most part, the units are semi-planar, particularly the cobble units, and truncated by an undulating bedrock surface. The lowermost unit is a basal till that ranges in thickness from zero to greater than 10 feet and mantles the bedrock surface.</p><p>The 11 units have different lithologic and hydraulic characteristics. The hydraulic conductivity of the well-sorted sand and gravel units is typically greater than the conductivity of the poorly sorted cobble units and the basal till. The hydraulic conductivity ranges from 5 to greater than 500 feet per day. Lateral and vertical variation in lithology and hydraulic conductivity are inferred by variations in borehole natural gamma-ray counts and estimates of hydraulic conductivity.</p><p>The comparison of hydrostratigraphic units with the spatial distribution of PCE concentrations suggests that solute transport away from source areas is primarily lateral within the permeable sandy units in the middle to lower parts of the aquifer. Along the centerline of the interior barrier area, highest PCE concentrations are in the sandy units to the east of suspected source areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1","usgsCitation":"Harte, P.T., 2010, Hydrostratigraphic mapping of the Milford-Souhegan glacial drift aquifer, and effects of hydrostratigraphy on transport of PCE, Operable Unit 1, Savage Superfund Site, Milford, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1047, Report: x, 34 p.; 3 Plates: 18.00 x 12.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101047.","productDescription":"Report: x, 34 p.; 3 Plates: 18.00 x 12.00 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498755,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93278.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":13703,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125559,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1047.jpg"}],"scale":"1750","country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","city":"Milford","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.70641669473682,\n              42.84588095779773\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.70641669473682,\n              42.84059649074618\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.69298268210142,\n              42.84059649074618\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.69298268210142,\n              42.84588095779773\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.70641669473682,\n              42.84588095779773\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e8c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harte, Philip T. 0000-0002-7718-1204 ptharte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":1008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"Philip","email":"ptharte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98434,"text":"ofr20101045 - 2010 - Streamflow, Water Quality, and Constituent Loads and Yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-21T09:18:21","indexId":"ofr20101045","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1045","title":"Streamflow, Water Quality, and Constituent Loads and Yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2005","docAbstract":"Streamflow and water-quality data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) or the Providence Water Supply Board, Rhode Island’s largest drinking-water supplier. Streamflow was measured or estimated by the USGS following standard methods at 23 streamgage stations; 10 of these stations were also equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance. Streamflow and concentrations of sodium and chloride estimated from records of specific conductance were used to calculate instantaneous (15-minute) loads of sodium and chloride during water year (WY) 2005 (October 1, 2004, to September 30, 2005). Water-quality samples were also collected at 37 sampling stations in the Scituate Reservoir drainage area by the Providence Water Supply Board during WY 2005 as part of a long-term sampling program. Water-quality data are summarized by using values of central tendency and are used, in combination with measured (or estimated) streamflows, to calculate loads and yields (loads per unit area) of selected water-quality constituents for WY 2005. The largest tributary to the reservoir (the Ponaganset River, which was monitored by the USGS) contributed about 30 cubic feet per second (ft<sup>3</sup>/s) to the reservoir during WY 2005. For the same time period, annual mean streamflows1 measured (or estimated) for the other monitoring stations in this study ranged from about 0.42 to 19 ft<sup>3</sup>/s. Together, tributary streams (equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance) transported about 1,300,000 kilograms (kg) of sodium and 2,000,000 kg of chloride to the Scituate Reservoir during WY 2005; sodium and chloride yields for the tributaries ranged from 13,000 to 77,000 kilograms per square mile (kg/mi<sup>2</sup>) and from 19,000 to 130,000 kg/mi<sup>2</sup>, respectively. At the stations where water-quality samples were collected by the Providence Water Supply Board, the median of the median chloride concentrations was 25.3 milligrams per liter (mg/L), median nitrite concentration was 0.002 mg/L as N, median nitrate concentration was 0.02 mg/L as N, median orthophosphate concentration was 0.07 mg/L as P, and median concentrations of total coliform and <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</i> bacteria were 23 and 15 colony forming units per 100 milliliters (CFU/100 mL), respectively. The medians of the median daily loads (and yields) of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, and total coliform and <i>E. coli</i> bacteria were 230 kg/d (93 kg/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), 16 g/d (6.1 g/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), 150 g/d (71 g/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), 530 g/d (250 g/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), and 1,500 million colony forming units per day (CFU×106/d) (630 CFU×106/d/mi<sup>2</sup>) and 420 CFU×106/d (290 CFU×106/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), respectively. <sup>1</sup>The arithmetic mean of the individual daily mean discharges for the year noted or for the designated period.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with theProvidence Water Supply Board and theRhode Island Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Breault, R., and Campbell, J.P., 2010, Streamflow, Water Quality, and Constituent Loads and Yields, Scituate Reservoir Drainage Area, Rhode Island, Water Year 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1045, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101045.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1045.jpg"},{"id":13701,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":264694,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1045/pdf/ofr2010-1045.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.66666666666667,41.666666666666664 ], [ -71.66666666666667,41.916666666666664 ], [ -71.58333333333333,41.916666666666664 ], [ -71.58333333333333,41.666666666666664 ], [ -71.66666666666667,41.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ce4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breault, Robert F. 0000-0002-2517-407X rbreault@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-407X","contributorId":2219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breault","given":"Robert F.","email":"rbreault@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Jean P.","contributorId":67969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98432,"text":"ofr20101043 - 2010 - Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-17T15:52:56","indexId":"ofr20101043","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1043","title":"Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2003","docAbstract":"Streamflow and water-quality data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) or the Providence Water Supply Board, Rhode Island's largest drinking-water supplier. Streamflow was measured or estimated by the USGS following standard methods at 23 streamgage stations; 10 of these stations were also equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance. Streamflow and concentrations of sodium and chloride estimated from records of specific conductance were used to calculate instantaneous (15-minute) loads of sodium and chloride during water year (WY) 2003 (October 1, 2002, to September 30, 2003). Water-quality samples were also collected at 37 sampling stations in the Scituate Reservoir drainage area by the Providence Water Supply Board during WY 2003 as part of a long-term sampling program. Water-quality data are summarized by using values of central tendency and are used, in combination with measured (or estimated) streamflows, to calculate loads and yields (loads per unit area) of selected water-quality constituents for WY 2003.\n\nThe largest tributary to the reservoir (the Ponaganset River, which was monitored by the USGS) contributed about 31 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) to the reservoir during WY 2003. For the same time period, annual mean streamflows1 measured (or estimated) for the other monitoring stations in this study ranged from about 0.44 to 20 ft3/s. Together, tributary streams (equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance) transported about 1,200,000 kilograms (kg) of sodium and 1,900,000 kg of chloride to the Scituate Reservoir during WY 2003; sodium and chloride yields for the tributaries ranged from 10,000 to 61,000 kilograms per square mile (kg/mi2) and from 15,000 to 100,000 kg/mi2, respectively.\n\nAt the stations where water-quality samples were collected by the Providence Water Supply Board, the median of the median chloride concentrations was 21.3 milligrams per liter (mg/L), median nitrite concentration was 0.002 mg/L as N, median nitrate concentration was 0.02 mg/L as N, median orthophosphate concentration was 0.06 mg/L as P, and median concentrations of total coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria were 38 and 9 CFU/100 mL (colony forming units per 100 milliliters), respectively. The medians of the median daily loads (and yields) of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, and total coliform and E. coli bacteria were 140 kg/d (67 kg/d/mi2), 15 g/d (6.5 g/d/mi2), 140 g/d (62 g/d/mi2), 340 g/d (180 g/d/mi2), and 2,200 million colony forming units per day (CFU x 106/d) (1,200 CFU x 106/d/mi2) and 940 CFU x 106/d (490 CFU x 106/d/mi2), respectively.\n\n1The arithmetic mean of the individual daily mean discharges for the year noted or for the designated period.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101043","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with theProvidence Water Supply Board and theRhode Island Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Breault, R., and Campbell, J.P., 2010, Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1043, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101043.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-10-01","temporalEnd":"2003-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":544,"text":"Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1043.jpg"},{"id":13699,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1043/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.66666666666667,41.666666666666664 ], [ -71.66666666666667,41.916666666666664 ], [ -71.58333333333333,41.916666666666664 ], [ -71.58333333333333,41.666666666666664 ], [ -71.66666666666667,41.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4cd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breault, Robert F. 0000-0002-2517-407X rbreault@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-407X","contributorId":2219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breault","given":"Robert F.","email":"rbreault@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Jean P.","contributorId":67969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98433,"text":"ofr20101044 - 2010 - Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-17T16:03:07","indexId":"ofr20101044","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1044","title":"Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2004","docAbstract":"Streamflow and water-quality data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) or the Providence Water Supply Board, Rhode Island's largest drinking-water supplier. Streamflow was measured or estimated by the USGS following standard methods at 23 streamgage stations; 10 of these stations were also equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance. Streamflow and concentrations of sodium and chloride estimated from records of specific conductance were used to calculate instantaneous (15-minute) loads of sodium and chloride during water year (WY) 2004 (October 1, 2003, to September 30, 2004). Water-quality samples were also collected at 37 sampling stations in the Scituate Reservoir drainage area by the Providence Water Supply Board during WY 2004 as part of a long-term sampling program. Water-quality data are summarized by using values of central tendency and are used, in combination with measured (or estimated) streamflows, to calculate loads and yields (loads per unit area) of selected water-quality constituents for WY 2004.\n\nThe largest tributary to the reservoir (the Ponaganset River, which was monitored by the USGS) contributed about 27 cubic feet per second (ft<sup>3</sup>/s) to the reservoir during WY 2004. For the same time period, annual mean1 streamflows measured (or estimated) for the other monitoring stations in this study ranged from about 0.42 to 19 ft<sup>3</sup>/s. Together, tributary streams (equipped with instrumentation capable of continuously monitoring specific conductance) transported about 1,100,000 kilograms (kg) of sodium and 1,700,000 kg of chloride to the Scituate Reservoir during WY 2004; sodium and chloride yields for the tributaries ranged from 12,000 to 61,000 kilograms per square mile (kg/mi<sup>2</sup>) and from 17,000 to 100,000 kg/mi<sup>2</sup>, respectively.\n\nAt the stations where water-quality samples were collected by the Providence Water Supply Board, the median of the median chloride concentrations was 24.8 milligrams per liter (mg/L), median nitrite concentration was 0.001 mg/L as N, median nitrate concentration was 0.03 mg/L as N, median orthophosphate concentration was 0.07 mg/L as P, and median concentrations of total coliform and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) bacteria were 33 and 23 colony forming units per 100 milliliters (CFU/100 mL), respectively. The medians of the median daily loads (and yields) of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, and total coliform and <i>E. coli</i> bacteria were 160 kg/d (81 kg/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), 9.1 g/d (5.2 g/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), 280 g/d (110 g/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), 760 g/d (340 g/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), and 4,700 million colony forming units per day (CFU x 10<sup>6</sup>/d) (1,700 CFU x 10<sup>6</sup>/d/mi<sup>2</sup>) and 1,900 CFU x 10<sup>6</sup>/d (520 CFU x 10<sup>6</sup>/d/mi<sup>2</sup>), respectively.\n\n<sup>1</sup>The arithmetic mean of the individual daily mean discharges for the year noted or for the designated period","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101044","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with theProvidence Water Supply Board and theRhode Island Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Breault, R., and Campbell, J.P., 2010, Streamflow, water quality, and constituent loads and yields, Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island, water year 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1044, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101044.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2003-10-01","temporalEnd":"2004-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":544,"text":"Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1044.jpg"},{"id":13700,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1044/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.66666666666667,41.666666666666664 ], [ -71.66666666666667,41.916666666666664 ], [ -70.58333333333333,41.916666666666664 ], [ -70.58333333333333,41.666666666666664 ], [ -71.66666666666667,41.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breault, Robert F. 0000-0002-2517-407X rbreault@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-407X","contributorId":2219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breault","given":"Robert F.","email":"rbreault@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Jean P.","contributorId":67969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98429,"text":"ofr20101102 - 2010 - Method description, quality assurance, environmental data, and other Information for analysis of pharmaceuticals in wastewater-treatment-plant effluents, streamwater, and reservoirs, 2004-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-08T11:44:28","indexId":"ofr20101102","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1102","title":"Method description, quality assurance, environmental data, and other Information for analysis of pharmaceuticals in wastewater-treatment-plant effluents, streamwater, and reservoirs, 2004-2009","docAbstract":"Abstract\r\nWastewater-treatment-plant (WWTP) effluents are a demonstrated source of pharmaceuticals to the environment. During 2004-09, a study was conducted to identify pharmaceutical compounds in effluents from WWTPs (including two that receive substantial discharges from pharmaceutical formulation facilities), streamwater, and reservoirs. The methods used to determine and quantify concentrations of seven pharmaceuticals are described. In addition, the report includes information on pharmaceuticals formulated or potentially formulated at the two pharmaceutical formulation facilities that provide substantial discharge to two of the WWTPs, and potential limitations to these data are discussed. The analytical methods used to provide data on the seven pharmaceuticals (including opioids, muscle relaxants, and other pharmaceuticals) in filtered water samples also are described. Data are provided on method performance, including spike data, method detection limit results, and an estimation of precision. Quality-assurance data for sample collection and handling are included. Quantitative data are presented for the seven pharmaceuticals in water samples collected at WWTP discharge points, from streams, and at reservoirs. Occurrence data also are provided for 19 pharmaceuticals that were qualitatively identified. Flow data at selected WWTP and streams are presented.\r\nBetween 2004-09, 35-38 effluent samples were collected from each of three WWTPs in New York and analyzed for seven pharmaceuticals. Two WWTPs (NY2 and NY3) receive substantial inflows (greater than 20 percent of plant flow) from pharmaceutical formulation facilities (PFF) and one (NY1) receives no PFF flow. Samples of effluents from 23 WWTPs across the United States were analyzed once for these pharmaceuticals as part of a national survey. Maximum pharmaceutical effluent concentrations for the national survey and NY1 effluent samples were generally less than 1 ug/L. Four pharmaceuticals (methadone, oxycodone, butalbital and metaxalone) in samples of NY3 effluent had median concentrations ranging from 3.4 to greater than 400 ug/L. Maximum concentrations of oxycodone (1,700 ug/L) and metaxalone (3,800 ug/L) in samples from NY3 effluent exceeded 1,000 ug/L. Three pharmaceuticals (butalbital, carisoprodol, and oxycodone) in samples of NY2 effluent had median concentrations ranging from 2 to 11 ug/L. These findings suggest that current\r\n2\r\nmanufacturing practices at these PFFs can result in pharmaceutical concentrations from 10 to 1,000 times higher than those typically found in WWTP effluents.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101102","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the\r\nNew York State Department of Environmental Conservation ","usgsCitation":"Phillips, P., Smith, S.G., Kolpin, D.W., Zaugg, S.D., Buxton, H.T., and Furlong, E.T., 2010, Method description, quality assurance, environmental data, and other Information for analysis of pharmaceuticals in wastewater-treatment-plant effluents, streamwater, and reservoirs, 2004-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1102, viii; 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101102.","productDescription":"viii; 36 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1102.jpg"},{"id":13694,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1102/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db624322","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. pjphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Steven G. sgsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"sgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buxton, Herbert T. hbuxton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"Herbert","email":"hbuxton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70209605,"text":"70209605 - 2010 - Temperature and precipitation history of the Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-15T17:19:22.605621","indexId":"70209605","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-07T11:38:10","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature and precipitation history of the Arctic","docAbstract":"<p><span data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"></span></p><p>As the planet cooled from peak warmth in the early Cenozoic, extensive Northern Hemisphere ice sheets developed by 2.6&nbsp;Ma ago, leading to changes in the circulation of both the atmosphere and oceans. From ∼2.6 to ∼1.0&nbsp;Ma ago, ice sheets came and went about every 41&nbsp;ka, in pace with cycles in the tilt of Earth’s axis, but for the past 700&nbsp;ka, glacial cycles have been longer, lasting ∼100&nbsp;ka, separated by brief, warm interglaciations, when sea level and ice volumes were close to present. The cause of the shift from 41&nbsp;ka to 100&nbsp;ka glacial cycles is still debated. During the penultimate interglaciation, ∼130 to ∼120&nbsp;ka ago, solar energy in summer in the Arctic was greater than at any time subsequently. As a consequence, Arctic summers were ∼5&nbsp;°C warmer than at present, and almost all glaciers melted completely except for the Greenland Ice Sheet, and even it was reduced in size substantially from its present extent. With the loss of land ice, sea level was about 5&nbsp;m higher than present, with the extra melt coming from both Greenland and Antarctica as well as small glaciers. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) peaked ∼21&nbsp;ka ago, when mean annual temperatures over parts of the Arctic were as much as 20&nbsp;°C lower than at present. Ice recession was well underway 16&nbsp;ka ago, and most of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets had melted by 6&nbsp;ka ago. Solar energy reached a summer maximum (9% higher than at present) ∼11&nbsp;ka ago and has been decreasing since then, primarily in response to the precession of the equinoxes. The extra energy elevated early Holocene summer temperatures throughout the Arctic 1–3&nbsp;°C above 20th century averages, enough to completely melt many small glaciers throughout the Arctic, although the Greenland Ice Sheet was only slightly smaller than at present. Early Holocene summer sea ice limits were substantially smaller than their 20th century average, and the flow of Atlantic water into the Arctic Ocean was substantially greater. As summer solar energy decreased in the second half of the Holocene, glaciers re-established or advanced, sea ice expanded, and the flow of warm Atlantic water into the Arctic Ocean diminished. Late Holocene cooling reached its nadir during the Little Ice Age (about 1250–1850 AD), when sun-blocking volcanic eruptions and perhaps other causes added to the orbital cooling, allowing most Arctic glaciers to reach their maximum Holocene extent. During the warming of the past century, glaciers have receded throughout the Arctic, terrestrial ecosystems have advanced northward, and perennial Arctic Ocean sea ice has diminished.</p><p>Here we review the proxies that allow reconstruction of Quaternary climates and the feedbacks that amplify climate change across the Arctic. We provide an overview of the evolution of climate from the hot-house of the early Cenozoic through its transition to the ice-house of the Quaternary, with special emphasis on the anomalous warmth of the middle Pliocene, early Quaternary warm times, the Mid Pleistocene transition, warm interglaciations of marine isotope stages 11, 5e, and 1, the stage 3 interstadial, and the peak cold of the last glacial maximum.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.03.001","usgsCitation":"Miller, G.H., Brigham-Grete, J., Alley, R.B., Anderson, L., Bauch, H., Douglas, M.S., Edwards, M., Elias, S.A., Finney, B.P., Fitzpatrick, J.J., Funder, S.V., Herbert, T.D., Hinzman, L., Kaufman, D.S., MacDonald, G.M., Polyak, L., Robock, A., Serreze, M., Smol, J.P., White, J.W., Wolfe, A.P., and Wolff, E.W., 2010, Temperature and precipitation history of the Arctic: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 29, no. 15-16, p. 1679-1715, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.03.001.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"1679","endPage":"1715","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic","volume":"29","issue":"15-16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, G. H.","contributorId":54732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brigham-Grete, J.","contributorId":47565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brigham-Grete","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alley, R. B.","contributorId":49533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Lesleigh 0000-0002-5264-089X land@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-089X","contributorId":436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lesleigh","email":"land@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bauch, H.A.","contributorId":46860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauch","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Douglas, M. S. V.","contributorId":224128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Douglas","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Edwards, M. E.","contributorId":224129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"M. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Elias, S. A.","contributorId":65996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elias","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Finney, B. P.","contributorId":93643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finney","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Joan J. jfitz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Joan","email":"jfitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Funder, S. V.","contributorId":224130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Funder","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Herbert, T. D.","contributorId":224131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herbert","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hinzman, L. D.","contributorId":90083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinzman","given":"L. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Kaufman, D. S.","contributorId":18006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaufman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"MacDonald, G. M.","contributorId":31546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacDonald","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Polyak, L.","contributorId":35927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Polyak","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Robock, A.","contributorId":20130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robock","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Serreze, M. C.","contributorId":224132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serreze","given":"M. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Smol, J. P.","contributorId":21298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smol","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"White, J. W. C.","contributorId":224134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Wolfe, A. P.","contributorId":224135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolfe","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Wolff, E. W.","contributorId":224136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolff","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}}
,{"id":98426,"text":"ofr20101113 - 2010 - Bed-Sediment Sampling and Analysis for Physical and Chemical Properties of the Lower Mississippi River near Memphis, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:53","indexId":"ofr20101113","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1113","title":"Bed-Sediment Sampling and Analysis for Physical and Chemical Properties of the Lower Mississippi River near Memphis, Tennessee","docAbstract":"In February 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Memphis District, investigated the presence of inorganic elements and organic compounds in bed sediments of the lower Mississippi River. Selected sites were located in the navigation channel near river miles 737, 773, and 790 near Memphis, Tennessee. Bed-sediment samples were collected using a Shipek grab sampler mounted to a boom crane with a motorized winch. Samples then were processed and shipped to the U.S. Geological Survey Sediment Laboratory in Rolla, Missouri, the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colorado, and to TestAmerica Laboratory, Inc. in West Sacramento, California. Samples were analyzed for grain size, inorganic elements (including mercury), and organic compounds. Chemical results were tabulated and listed with sediment-quality guidelines and presented with the physical property results. All of the bed material samples collected during this investigation yielded concentrations that were less than the Consensus-Based Probable Effect Concentration guidelines. The physical properties were tabulated and listed using a standard U.S. Geological Survey scale of sizes by class for sediment analysis. All of the samples collected during this investigation indicated a percent composition mostly comprised of sand, ranging from less than 0.125 millimeters to less than 2 millimeters.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101113","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Memphis District","usgsCitation":"Blanchard, R., Wagner, D.M., and Evans, D.A., 2010, Bed-Sediment Sampling and Analysis for Physical and Chemical Properties of the Lower Mississippi River near Memphis, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1113, iv, 13 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101113.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1113.jpg"},{"id":13691,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1113/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.5,35 ], [ -90.5,36 ], [ -89.66666666666667,36 ], [ -89.66666666666667,35 ], [ -90.5,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63dbe2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchard, Robert A.","contributorId":13342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Daniel M. 0000-0002-0432-450X dwagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0432-450X","contributorId":4531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Daniel","email":"dwagner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, Dennis A.","contributorId":82404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98425,"text":"ofr20101108 - 2010 - Effects of building a sand barrier berm to mitigate the effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on Louisiana marshes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T15:03:02.711684","indexId":"ofr20101108","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1108","title":"Effects of building a sand barrier berm to mitigate the effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on Louisiana marshes","docAbstract":"<p>The State of Louisiana requested emergency authorization on May 11, 2010, to perform spill mitigation work on the Chandeleur Islands and on all the barrier islands from Grand Terre Island eastward to Sandy Point to enhance the capability of the islands to reduce the movement of oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill to the marshes. The proposed action-building a barrier berm (essentially an artificial island fronting the existing barriers and inlets) seaward of the existing barrier islands and inlets-'restores' the protective function of the islands but does not alter the islands themselves. Building a barrier berm to protect the mainland wetlands from oil is a new strategy and depends on the timeliness of construction to be successful. Prioritizing areas to be bermed, focusing on those areas that are most vulnerable and where construction can be completed most rapidly, may increase chances for success. For example, it may be easier and more efficient to berm the narrow inlets of the coastal section to the west of the Mississippi River Delta rather than the large expanses of open water to the east of the delta in the southern parts of the Breton National Wildlife Refuge (NWR). This document provides information about the potential available sand resources and effects of berm construction on the existing barrier islands.</p><p>The proposed project originally involved removing sediment from a linear source approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) gulfward of the barrier islands and placing it just seaward of the islands in shallow water (~2-m depth where possible) to form a continuous berm rising approximately 6 feet (~2 m) above sea level (North American Vertical Datum of 1988–NAVD88) with an ~110-yd (~100-m) width at water level and a slope of 25:1 to the seafloor. Discussions within the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and with others led to the determination that point-source locations, such as Hewes Point, the St. Bernard Shoals, and Ship Shoal, were more suitable \"borrow\" locations because sand content is insufficient along a linear track offshore from most of Louisiana's barrier islands. Further, mining sediment near the toe of the barrier island platform or edge of actively eroding barrier islands could create pits in the seafloor that will capture nearshore sand, thereby enhancing island erosion, and focus incoming waves (for example, through refraction processes) that could yield hotspots of erosion. In the Breton NWR, the proposed berm would be continuous from just south of Hewes Point to Breton Island for approximately 100 km with the exception of several passages for vessel access. Proposed volume estimates by sources outside of the USGS suggest that the structure in the Breton NWR would contain approximately 56 million cubic yards (42.8 m<sup>3</sup>) of sandy material. In the west, the berm would require approximately 36 million cubic yards (27.5 m<sup>3</sup>) of sandy material because this area has less open water than the area to the east of the delta. The planned berm is intended to protect the islands and inland areas from oil and would be sacrificial; that is, it will rapidly erode through natural processes. It is not part of the coastal restoration plan long discussed in Louisiana to rebuild barrier islands for hurricane protection of mainland infrastructure and habitat.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101108","usgsCitation":"Lavoie, D., Flocks, J.G., Kindinger, J.L., Sallenger, A.H., and Twichell, D.C., 2010, Effects of building a sand barrier berm to mitigate the effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on Louisiana marshes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1108, iv, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101108.","productDescription":"iv, 7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":330,"text":"Gulf Coast U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423271,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_96732.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":13690,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1108/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125355,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1108.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Chandeleur Islands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92,28.5 ], [ -92,30.5 ], [ -88,30.5 ], [ -88,28.5 ], [ -92,28.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6251f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lavoie, Dawn","contributorId":43881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavoie","given":"Dawn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sallenger, A. H. Jr.","contributorId":8818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":98427,"text":"ofr20101087 - 2010 - Flood of June 8-9, 2008, Upper Iowa River, Northeast Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:29","indexId":"ofr20101087","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1087","title":"Flood of June 8-9, 2008, Upper Iowa River, Northeast Iowa","docAbstract":"Major flooding occurred June 8-9, 2008, in the Upper Iowa River Basin in northeast Iowa following severe thunderstorm activity over the region. About 7 inches of rain were recorded for the 48-hour period ending 4 p.m., June 8, at Decorah, Iowa; more than 7 inches of rain were recorded for the 48-hour period ending 7 a.m., June 8, at Dorchester, Iowa, about 17 miles northeast of Decorah. The maximum peak discharge measured in the Upper Iowa River was 34,100 cubic feet per second at streamgage 05387500 Upper Iowa River at Decorah, Iowa. This discharge is the largest discharge recorded in the Upper Iowa River Basin since streamgaging operations began in the basin in 1914. The flood-probability range of the peak discharge is 0.2 to 1 percent. High-water marks were measured at 15 locations along the Upper Iowa River between State Highway 26 near the mouth at the Mississippi River and U.S. Highway 63 at Chester, Iowa, a distance of 124 river miles. The high-water marks were used to develop a flood profile.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101087","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Transportation and Iowa Highway Research Board (Project HR?140)","usgsCitation":"Fischer, E.E., and Eash, D.A., 2010, Flood of June 8-9, 2008, Upper Iowa River, Northeast Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1087, iv, 11 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101087.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1087.jpg"},{"id":13692,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1087/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.66666666666667,43.166666666666664 ], [ -92.66666666666667,43.666666666666664 ], [ -91.25,43.666666666666664 ], [ -91.25,43.166666666666664 ], [ -92.66666666666667,43.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5eecef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Edward E. edf@usgs.gov","contributorId":1063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Edward","email":"edf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eash, David A. 0000-0002-2749-8959 daeash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-8959","contributorId":1887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"David","email":"daeash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70244096,"text":"70244096 - 2010 - First-order controls of extreme-storm impacts on the Mississippi-Alabama Barrier-Island chain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-02T11:57:30.978032","indexId":"70244096","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-02T06:55:32","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First-order controls of extreme-storm impacts on the Mississippi-Alabama Barrier-Island chain","docAbstract":"<div class=\"div0\"><div class=\"row ArticleContentRow\"><p id=\"ID0EF\" class=\"first\">Predicting the morphological impacts and associated hazards of extreme storms on barrier islands is facilitated by examining historical poststorm images and identifying the predominant alongshore and cross-shore patterns of erosion and deposition for different island segments. Morphological changes on the Mississippi–Alabama barrier-island chain produced by 12 Category 3 and stronger hurricanes since 1852 were analyzed to investigate whether barrier-island responses to extreme storms are controlled primarily by local geomorphic conditions or primarily by storm characteristics. Results of those analyses demonstrate that (1) antecedent topography and geomorphic conditions (island width, land elevations, nearshore bathymetry, subaqueous-boundary conditions) tend to exert greater control on local barrier-island impacts than storm parameters (path, intensity, wind speeds, water levels, shelf duration), and (2) types and alongshore patterns of storm overwash and island breaching are commonly repeated for the same island segments. Even when impact patterns are identical, magnitudes of sequential impacts, such as the inland distance of sediment transport, are unequal and are controlled by storm parameters (water levels, wind speeds) that influence wave heights, overwash-flow depths, and current velocities.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2112/08-1152.1","usgsCitation":"Morton, R.A., 2010, First-order controls of extreme-storm impacts on the Mississippi-Alabama Barrier-Island chain: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 2010, no. 264, p. 635-648, https://doi.org/10.2112/08-1152.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"635","endPage":"648","ipdsId":"IP-010959","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417675,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Barrier-Island chain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.77295519598795,\n              30.549688451404563\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.77295519598795,\n              29.96157527703717\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.1044224030723,\n              29.96157527703717\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.1044224030723,\n              30.549688451404563\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.77295519598795,\n              30.549688451404563\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2010","issue":"264","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Robert A","contributorId":306035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":874478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98421,"text":"sir20105065 - 2010 - Channel change and bed-material transport in the Lower Chetco River, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T10:21:47","indexId":"sir20105065","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5065","title":"Channel change and bed-material transport in the Lower Chetco River, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>The lower Chetco River is a wandering gravel-bed river flanked by abundant and large gravel bars formed of coarse bed-material sediment. Since the early twentieth century, the large gravel bars have been a source of commercial aggregate for which ongoing permitting and aquatic habitat concerns have motivated this assessment of historical channel change and sediment transport rates. Analysis of historical channel change and bed-material transport rates for the lower 18&nbsp;kilometers shows that the upper reaches of the study area are primarily transport zones, with bar positions fixed by valley geometry and active bars mainly providing transient storage of bed material. Downstream reaches, especially near the confluence of the North Fork Chetco River, are zones of active sedimentation and channel migration.</p><p>Multiple analyses, supported by direct measurements of bedload during winter 2008–09, indicate that since 1970 the mean annual flux of bed material into the study reach has been about 40,000–100,000 cubic meters per year. Downstream tributary input of bed-material sediment, probably averaging 5–30 percent of the influx coming into the study reach from upstream, is approximately balanced by bed-material attrition by abrasion. Probably little bed material leaves the lower river under natural conditions, with most net influx historically accumulating in wider and more dynamic reaches, especially near the North Fork Chetco River confluence, 8 kilometers upstream from the Pacific Ocean.</p><p>The year-to-year flux, however, varies tremendously. Some years may have less than 3,000 cubic meters of bed material entering the study area; by contrast, some high-flow years, such as 1982 and 1997, likely have more than 150,000 cubic meters entering the reach. For comparison, the estimated annual volume of gravel extracted from the lower Chetco River for commercial aggregate during 2000–2008 has ranged from 32,000 to 90,000 cubic meters and averaged about 59,000 cubic meters per year. Mined volumes probably exceeded 140,000 cubic meters per year for several years in the late 1970s.</p><p>Repeat surveys and map analyses indicate a reduction in bar area and sinuosity between 1939 and 2008, chiefly in the period 1965–95. Repeat topographic and bathymetric surveys show channel incision for substantial portions of the study reach, with local areas of bed lowering by as much as 2 meters. A specific gage analysis at the upstream end of the study reach indicates that incision and narrowing followed aggradation culminating in the late 1970s. These observations are all consistent with a reduction of sediment supply relative to transport capacity since channel surveys in the late 1970s, probably owing to a combination of (1)&nbsp;bed sediment removal and (2) transient river adjustments to large sediment volumes brought by floods such as those in 1964 and, to a lesser extent, 1996.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105065","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Wallick, J., Anderson, S.W., Cannon, C., and O'Connor, J., 2010, Channel change and bed-material transport in the Lower Chetco River, Oregon (Version 2.0, July 2012): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5065, Report: viii, 68 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105065.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 68 p. ","numberOfPages":"80","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5065.jpg"},{"id":13673,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5065/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Chetco River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.28333333333333,42.034166666666664 ], [ -124.28333333333333,42.1175 ], [ -124.1675,42.1175 ], [ -124.1675,42.034166666666664 ], [ -124.28333333333333,42.034166666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 2.0, July 2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e69ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallick, J. Rose 0000-0002-9392-272X rosewall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-272X","contributorId":3583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallick","given":"J. Rose","email":"rosewall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Scott W. 0000-0003-1678-5204 swanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1678-5204","contributorId":107001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Scott","email":"swanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, Charles ccannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":4471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Charles","email":"ccannon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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