We investigated the phylogeography of the closely related relict leopard frog Rana onca (=Lithobates onca) and lowland leopard frog Rana yavapaiensis (=Lithobates yavapaiensis) – two declining anurans from the warm‐desert regions of south‐western North America. We used sequence data from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to assess 276 individuals representing 30 sites from across current distributions. Our analysis supports a previously determined phylogenetic break between these taxa, and we found no admixing of R. onca and R. yavapaiensis haplotypes within our extensive sampling of sites. Our phylogeographic assessment, however, further divided R. yavapaiensis into two distinct mtDNA lineages, one representing populations across Arizona and northern Mexico and the other a newly discovered population within the western Grand Canyon, Arizona. Estimates of sequence evolution indicate a possible Early Pleistocene divergence of R. onca and R. yavapaiensis, followed by a Middle Pleistocene separation of the western Grand Canyon population of R. yavapaiensis from the main R. yavapaiensis clade. Phylogeographic and demographic analyses indicate population or range expansion for R. yavapaiensis within its core distribution that appears to predate the latest glacial maximum. Species distribution models under current and latest glacial climatic conditions suggest that R. onca and R. yavapaiensis may not have greatly shifted ranges.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00667.x","usgsCitation":"Olah-Hemmings, V., Jaeger, J., Sredl, M., Schlaepfer, M.A., Jennings, R., Drost, C., Bradford, D., and Riddle, B., 2010, Phylogeography of declining relict and lowland leopard frogs in the desert Southwest of North America: Journal of Zoology, v. 280, no. 4, p. 343-354, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00667.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"354","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Mexico","state":"Arizona, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116,27 ], [ -116,39 ], [ -108,39 ], [ -108,27 ], [ -116,27 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"280","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685cc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olah-Hemmings, V.","contributorId":95190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olah-Hemmings","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaeger, J.R.","contributorId":82818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaeger","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sredl, M.J.","contributorId":32290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sredl","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Martin A.","contributorId":44881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jennings, R.D.","contributorId":92191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Drost, C.A.","contributorId":99692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bradford, D.F.","contributorId":97239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Riddle, B.R.","contributorId":91615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riddle","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70003637,"text":"70003637 - 2010 - The inverse niche model for food webs with parasites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:01","indexId":"70003637","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3592,"text":"Theoretical Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The inverse niche model for food webs with parasites","docAbstract":"Although parasites represent an important component of ecosystems, few field and theoretical studies have addressed the structure of parasites in food webs. We evaluate the structure of parasitic links in an extensive salt marsh food web, with a new model distinguishing parasitic links from non-parasitic links among free-living species. The proposed model is an extension of the niche model for food web structure, motivated by the potential role of size (and related metabolic rates) in structuring food webs. The proposed extension captures several properties observed in the data, including patterns of clustering and nestedness, better than does a random model. By relaxing specific assumptions, we demonstrate that two essential elements of the proposed model are the similarity of a parasite's hosts and the increasing degree of parasite specialization, along a one-dimensional niche axis. Thus, inverting one of the basic rules of the original model, the one determining consumers' generality appears critical. Our results support the role of size as one of the organizing principles underlying niche space and food web topology. They also strengthen the evidence for the non-random structure of parasitic links in food webs and open the door to addressing questions concerning the consequences and origins of this structure.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Theoretical Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Warren, C.P., Pascual, M., Lafferty, K.D., and Kuris, A.M., 2010, The inverse niche model for food webs with parasites: Theoretical Ecology, v. 3, no. 4, p. 285-294.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"294","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":94224,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.springerlink.com/content/e525454v810qn123","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a85e4b07f02db64d3b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warren, Christopher P.","contributorId":81624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pascual, Mercedes","contributorId":81239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pascual","given":"Mercedes","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003445,"text":"70003445 - 2010 - Parametric study of the physical properties of hydrate‐bearing sand, silt, and clay sediments: 2. Small‐strain mechanical properties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-01T14:42:36.226131","indexId":"70003445","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parametric study of the physical properties of hydrate‐bearing sand, silt, and clay sediments: 2. Small‐strain mechanical properties","docAbstract":"The small‐strain mechanical properties (e.g., seismic velocities) of hydrate‐bearing sediments measured under laboratory conditions provide reference values for calibration of logging and seismic exploration results acquired in hydrate‐bearing formations. Instrumented cells were designed for measuring the compressional (P) and shear (S) velocities of sand, silts, and clay with and without hydrate and subject to vertical effective stresses of 0.01 to 2 MPa. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), which is fully miscible in water, was used as the hydrate former to permit close control over the hydrate saturation Shyd and to produce hydrate from dissolved phase, as methane hydrate forms in most natural marine settings. The results demonstrate that laboratory hydrate formation technique controls the pattern of P and S velocity changes with increasing Shyd and that the small‐strain properties of hydrate‐bearing sediments are governed by effective stress, σ′v and sediment specific surface. The S velocity increases with hydrate saturation owing to an increase in skeletal shear stiffness, particularly when hydrate saturation exceeds Shyd≈ 0.4. At very high hydrate saturations, the small strain shear stiffness is determined by the presence of hydrates and becomes insensitive to changes in effective stress. The P velocity increases with hydrate saturation due to the increases in both the shear modulus of the skeleton and the bulk modulus of pore‐filling phases during fluid‐to‐hydrate conversion. Small‐strain Poisson's ratio varies from 0.5 in soft sediments lacking hydrates to 0.25 in stiff sediments (i.e., subject to high vertical effective stress or having high Shyd). At Shyd ≥ 0.5, hydrate hinders expansion and the loss of sediment stiffness during reduction of vertical effective stress, meaning that hydrate‐rich natural sediments obtained through pressure coring should retain their in situ fabric for some time after core retrieval if the cores are maintained within the hydrate stability field.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2009JB006670","usgsCitation":"Lee, J., Francisca, F., Santamarina, J., and Ruppel, C., 2010, Parametric study of the physical properties of hydrate‐bearing sand, silt, and clay sediments: 2. Small‐strain mechanical properties: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 115, B11105, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JB006670.","productDescription":"B11105, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jb006670","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db68931f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, J.Y.","contributorId":20061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Francisca, F.M.","contributorId":106253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francisca","given":"F.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Santamarina, J.C.","contributorId":50283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santamarina","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruppel, C.","contributorId":82050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003386,"text":"70003386 - 2010 - Occupancy dynamics in a tropical bird community: Unexpectedly high forest use by birds classified as non‐forest species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-27T13:22:57.47389","indexId":"70003386","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occupancy dynamics in a tropical bird community: Unexpectedly high forest use by birds classified as non‐forest species","docAbstract":"1. Worldwide loss of biodiversity necessitates a clear understanding of the factors driving population declines as well as informed predictions about which species and populations are at greatest risk. The biggest threat to the long-term persistence of populations is the reduction and changes in configuration of their natural habitat. 2. Inconsistencies have been noted in the responses of populations to the combined effects of habitat loss and fragmentation. These have been widely attributed to the effects of the matrix habitats in which remnant focal habitats are typically embedded. 3. We quantified the potential effects of the inter-patch matrix by estimating occupancy and colonization of forest and surrounding non-forest matrix (NF). We estimated species-specific parameters using a dynamic, multi-species hierarchical model on a bird community in southwestern Costa Rica. 4. Overall, we found higher probabilities of occupancy and colonization of forest relative to the NF across bird species, including those previously categorized as open habitat generalists not needing forest to persist. Forest dependency was a poor predictor of occupancy dynamics in our study region, largely predicting occupancy and colonization of only non-forest habitats. 5. Our results indicate that the protection of remnant forest habitats is key for the long-term persistence of all members of the bird community in this fragmented landscape, including species typically associated with open, non-forest habitats. 6.Synthesis and applications. We identified 39 bird species of conservation concern defined by having high estimates of forest occupancy, and low estimates of occupancy and colonization of non-forest. These species survive in forest but are unlikely to venture out into open, non-forested habitats, therefore, they are vulnerable to the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation. Our hierarchical community-level model can be used to estimate species-specific occupancy dynamics for focal and inter-patch matrix habitats to identify which species within a community are likely to be impacted most by habitat loss and fragmentation. This model can be applied to other taxa (i.e. amphibians, mammals and insects) to estimate species and community occurrence dynamics in response to current environmental conditions and to make predictions in response to future changes in habitat configurations.","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01811.x","usgsCitation":"Ruiz-Gutierrez, V., Zipkin, E., and Dhondt, A.A., 2010, Occupancy dynamics in a tropical bird community: Unexpectedly high forest use by birds classified as non‐forest species: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 47, no. 3, p. 621-630, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01811.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"621","endPage":"630","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01811.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382586,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db696383","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruiz-Gutierrez, Viviana","contributorId":89654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruiz-Gutierrez","given":"Viviana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zipkin, Elise F.","contributorId":70528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipkin","given":"Elise F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dhondt, Andre A.","contributorId":93620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dhondt","given":"Andre","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003418,"text":"70003418 - 2010 - Observed and predicted reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia exposed to chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:32:14","indexId":"70003418","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observed and predicted reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia exposed to chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate","docAbstract":"Chronic toxicities of Cl-, SO42-, and HCO3- to Ceriodaphnia dubia were evaluated in low- and moderate-hardness waters using a three-brood reproduction test method. Toxicity tests of anion mixtures were used to determine interaction effects and to produce models predicting C. dubia reproduction. Effluents diluted with low- and moderate-hardness waters were tested with animals acclimated to low- and moderate-hardness conditions to evaluate the models and to assess the effects of hardness and acclimation. Sulfate was significantly less toxic than Cl- and HCO3- in both types of water. Chloride and HCO3- toxicities were similar in low-hardness water, but HCO3- was the most toxic in moderate-hardness water. Low acute-to-chronic ratios indicate that toxicities of these anions will decrease quickly with dilution. Hardness significantly reduced Cl- and SO42- toxicity but had little effect on HCO3-. Chloride toxicity decreased with an increase in Na+ concentration, and CO3- toxicity may have been reduced by the dissolved organic carbon in effluent. Multivariate models using measured anion concentrations in effluents with low to moderate hardness levels provided fairly accurate predictions of reproduction. Determinations of toxicity for several effluents differed significantly depending on the hardness of the dilution water and the hardness of the water used to culture test animals. These results can be used to predict the contribution of elevated anion concentrations to the chronic toxicity of effluents; to identify effluents that are toxic due to contaminants other than Cl-, SO42-, and HCO3-; and to provide a basis for chemical substitutions in manufacturing processes.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/etc.29","usgsCitation":"Lasier, P.J., and Hardin, I.R., 2010, Observed and predicted reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia exposed to chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 2, p. 347-358, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.29.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"358","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4795","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lasier, Peter J. 0000-0002-8961-0061 plasier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8961-0061","contributorId":3457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasier","given":"Peter","email":"plasier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hardin, Ian R.","contributorId":14261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardin","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003575,"text":"70003575 - 2010 - Nutrient fluxes at the landscape level and the R* rule","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-13T16:31:47.741368","indexId":"70003575","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Nutrient fluxes at the landscape level and the R* rule","title":"Nutrient fluxes at the landscape level and the R* rule","docAbstract":"Nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems involves not only the vertical recycling of nutrients at specific locations in space, but also biologically driven horizontal fluxes between different areas of the landscape. This latter process can result in net accumulation of nutrients in some places and net losses in others. We examined the effects of such nutrient-concentrating fluxes on the R* rule, which predicts that the species that can survive in steady state at the lowest level of limiting resource, R*, can exclude all competing species. To study the R* rule in this context, we used a literature model of plant growth and nutrient cycling in which both nutrients and light may limit growth, with plants allocating carbon and nutrients between foliage and roots according to different strategies. We incorporated the assumption that biological processes may concentrate nutrients in some parts of the landscape. We assumed further that these processes draw nutrients from outside the zone of local recycling at a rate proportional to the local biomass density. Analysis showed that at sites where there is a sufficient biomass-dependent accumulation of nutrients, the plant species with the highest biomass production rates (roughly corresponding to the best competitors) do not reduce locally available nutrients to a minimum concentration level (that is, minimum R*), as expected from the R* rule, but instead maximize local nutrient concentration. These new results require broadening of our understanding of the relationships between nutrients and vegetation competition on the landscape level. The R* rule is replaced by a more complex criterion that varies across a landscape and reduces to the R* rule only under certain limiting conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.10.003","usgsCitation":"Ju, S., and DeAngelis, D., 2010, Nutrient fluxes at the landscape level and the R* rule: Ecological Modelling, v. 221, no. 2, p. 141-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.10.003.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"146","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"221","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696802","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ju, Shu","contributorId":105844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ju","given":"Shu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":138934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003764,"text":"70003764 - 2010 - Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:56","indexId":"70003764","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales","docAbstract":"Aim The introduction of non-native species into aquatic environments has been linked with local extinctions and altered distributions of native species. We investigated the effect of non-native salmonids on the occupancy of two native amphibians, the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) and Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris), across three spatial scales: water bodies, small catchments and large catchments. Location Mountain lakes at ≥ 1500 m elevation were surveyed across the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Methods We surveyed 2267 water bodies for amphibian occupancy (based on evidence of reproduction) and fish presence between 1986 and 2002 and modelled the probability of amphibian occupancy at each spatial scale in relation to habitat availability and quality and fish presence. Results After accounting for habitat features, we estimated that A. macrodactylum was 2.3 times more likely to breed in fishless water bodies than in water bodies with fish. Ambystoma macrodactylum also was more likely to occupy small catchments where none of the water bodies contained fish than in catchments where at least one water body contained fish. However, the probability of salamander occupancy in small catchments was also influenced by habitat availability (i.e. the number of water bodies within a catchment) and suitability of remaining fishless water bodies. We found no relationship between fish presence and salamander occupancy at the large-catchment scale, probably because of increased habitat availability. In contrast to A. macrodactylum, we found no relationship between fish presence and R. luteiventris occupancy at any scale. Main conclusions Our results suggest that the negative effects of non-native salmonids can extend beyond the boundaries of individual water bodies and increase A. macrodactylum extinction risk at landscape scales. We suspect that niche overlap between non-native fish and A. macrodactylum at higher elevations in the northern Rocky Mountains may lead to extinction in catchments with limited suitable habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diversity and Distributions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","usgsCitation":"Pilliod, D., Hossack, B.R., Bahls, P.F., Bull, E.L., Corn, P., Hokit, G., Maxell, B.A., Munger, J.C., and Wyrick, A., 2010, Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales: Diversity and Distributions, v. 16, no. 6, p. 959-974.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"959","endPage":"974","temporalStart":"1986-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":485,"text":"Northwest Watershed Institute","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":92208,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00699.x/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northern Rocky Mountains","volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69712b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pilliod, David S.","contributorId":101760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bahls, Peter F.","contributorId":74500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahls","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bull, Evelyn L.","contributorId":31104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bull","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Corn, Paul Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":107379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"Paul Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":348769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hokit, Grant","contributorId":80402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hokit","given":"Grant","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Maxell, Bryce A.","contributorId":100113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxell","given":"Bryce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Munger, James C.","contributorId":29377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wyrick, Aimee","contributorId":102997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wyrick","given":"Aimee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70003563,"text":"70003563 - 2010 - New trends in species distribution modelling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T13:54:15","indexId":"70003563","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New trends in species distribution modelling","docAbstract":"Species distribution modelling has its origin in the late 1970s when computing capacity was limited. Early work in the field concentrated mostly on the development of methods to model effectively the shape of a species' response to environmental gradients (Austin 1987, Austin et al. 1990). The methodology and its framework were summarized in reviews 10–15 yr ago (Franklin 1995, Guisan and Zimmermann 2000), and these syntheses are still widely used as reference landmarks in the current distribution modelling literature. However, enormous advancements have occurred over the last decade, with hundreds – if not thousands – of publications on species distribution model (SDM) methodologies and their application to a broad set of conservation, ecological and evolutionary questions. With this special issue, originating from the third of a set of specialized SDM workshops (2008 Riederalp) entitled 'The Utility of Species Distribution Models as Tools for Conservation Ecology', we reflect on current trends and the progress achieved over the last decade.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06953.x","usgsCitation":"Zimmermann, N.E., Edwards, T.C., Graham, C.H., Pearman, P.B., and Svenning, J., 2010, New trends in species distribution modelling: Ecography, v. 33, no. 6, p. 985-989, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06953.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"985","endPage":"989","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026012","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487605,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3436897","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"33","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697574","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmermann, Niklaus E.","contributorId":68446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmermann","given":"Niklaus","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":2061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, Catherine H.","contributorId":36275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearman, Peter B.","contributorId":103783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearman","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Svenning, Jens-Christian","contributorId":34642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svenning","given":"Jens-Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70005324,"text":"sir20105211 - 2010 - Approaches to highly parameterized inversion: A guide to using PEST for model-parameter and predictive-uncertainty analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20105211","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5211","title":"Approaches to highly parameterized inversion: A guide to using PEST for model-parameter and predictive-uncertainty analysis","docAbstract":"Analysis of the uncertainty associated with parameters used by a numerical model, and with predictions that depend on those parameters, is fundamental to the use of modeling in support of decisionmaking. Unfortunately, predictive uncertainty analysis with regard to models can be very computationally demanding, due in part to complex constraints on parameters that arise from expert knowledge of system properties on the one hand (knowledge constraints) and from the necessity for the model parameters to assume values that allow the model to reproduce historical system behavior on the other hand (calibration constraints). Enforcement of knowledge and calibration constraints on parameters used by a model does not eliminate the uncertainty in those parameters. In fact, in many cases, enforcement of calibration constraints simply reduces the uncertainties associated with a number of broad-scale combinations of model parameters that collectively describe spatially averaged system properties. The uncertainties associated with other combinations of parameters, especially those that pertain to small-scale parameter heterogeneity, may not be reduced through the calibration process. To the extent that a prediction depends on system-property detail, its postcalibration variability may be reduced very little, if at all, by applying calibration constraints; knowledge constraints remain the only limits on the variability of predictions that depend on such detail. Regrettably, in many common modeling applications, these constraints are weak. Though the PEST software suite was initially developed as a tool for model calibration, recent developments have focused on the evaluation of model-parameter and predictive uncertainty. As a complement to functionality that it provides for highly parameterized inversion (calibration) by means of formal mathematical regularization techniques, the PEST suite provides utilities for linear and nonlinear error-variance and uncertainty analysis in these highly parameterized modeling contexts. Availability of these utilities is particularly important because, in many cases, a significant proportion of the uncertainty associated with model parameters-and the predictions that depend on them-arises from differences between the complex properties of the real world and the simplified representation of those properties that is expressed by the calibrated model. This report is intended to guide intermediate to advanced modelers in the use of capabilities available with the PEST suite of programs for evaluating model predictive error and uncertainty. A brief theoretical background is presented on sources of parameter and predictive uncertainty and on the means for evaluating this uncertainty. Applications of PEST tools are then discussed for overdetermined and underdetermined problems, both linear and nonlinear. PEST tools for calculating contributions to model predictive uncertainty, as well as optimization of data acquisition for reducing parameter and predictive uncertainty, are presented. The appendixes list the relevant PEST variables, files, and utilities required for the analyses described in the document.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105211","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program, Global Change Research & Development","usgsCitation":"Doherty, J.E., Hunt, R.J., and Tonkin, M.J., 2010, Approaches to highly parameterized inversion: A guide to using PEST for model-parameter and predictive-uncertainty analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5211, v, 39 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105211.","productDescription":"v, 39 p.; Appendices","startPage":"i","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5211.gif"},{"id":92098,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5211/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.85,42.95 ], [ -84.85,42.9675 ], [ -84.81694444444445,42.9675 ], [ -84.81694444444445,42.95 ], [ -84.85,42.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a344","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doherty, John E.","contributorId":8817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7046,"text":"Watermark Numerical Computing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":352295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tonkin, Matthew J.","contributorId":26376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonkin","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004120,"text":"70004120 - 2010 - Bayesian Inference: with ecological applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:52","indexId":"70004120","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Bayesian Inference: with ecological applications","docAbstract":"This text provides a mathematically rigorous yet accessible and engaging introduction to Bayesian inference with relevant examples that will be of interest to biologists working in the fields of ecology, wildlife management and environmental studies as well as students in advanced undergraduate statistics.. This text opens the door to Bayesian inference, taking advantage of modern computational efficiencies and easily accessible software to evaluate complex hierarchical models.","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"Boston","isbn":"0123748542","usgsCitation":"Link, W., and Barker, R., 2010, Bayesian Inference: with ecological applications, 400 p.","productDescription":"400 p.","numberOfPages":"339","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21788,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.elsevierdirect.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780123748546","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63e102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, William A. wlink@usgs.gov","contributorId":3465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William A.","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barker, Richard J.","contributorId":6987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"Richard J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003334,"text":"70003334 - 2010 - Metal exposure and effects in voles and small birds near a mining haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-20T11:01:31","indexId":"70003334","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal exposure and effects in voles and small birds near a mining haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska","docAbstract":"Voles and small passerine birds were live-captured near the Delong Mountain Regional Transportation System (DMTS) haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument in northwest Alaska to assess metals exposure and sub-lethal biological effects. Similar numbers of animals were captured from a reference site in southern Cape Krusenstern National Monument for comparison. Histopathological examination of selected organs, and analysis of cadmium, lead, and zinc concentrations in liver and blood samples were performed. Voles and small birds captured from near the haul road had about 20 times greater blood and liver lead concentrations and about three times greater cadmium concentrations when compared to those from the reference site, but there were no differences in zinc tissue concentrations. One vole had moderate metastatic mineralization of kidney tissue, otherwise we observed no abnormalities in internal organs or DNA damage in the blood of any of the animals. The affected vole also had the greatest liver and blood Cd concentration, indicating that the lesion might have been caused by Cd exposure. Blood and liver lead concentrations in animals captured near the haul road were below concentrations that have been associated with adverse biological effects in other studies; however, subtle effects resulting from lead exposure, such as the suppression of the activity of certain enzymes, cannot be ruled out for some individual animals. Results from our 2006 reconnaissance-level study indicate that overall, voles and small birds obtained from near the DMTS road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument were not adversely affected by metals exposure; however, because of the small sample size and other uncertainties, continued monitoring of lead and cadmium in terrestrial habitats near the DMTS road is advised.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10661-009-1216-y","usgsCitation":"Brumbaugh, W.G., Mora, M.A., May, T.W., and Phalen, D.N., 2010, Metal exposure and effects in voles and small birds near a mining haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 170, no. 1, p. 73-86, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1216-y.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"86","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cape Krusenstern National Monument","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -164.5,67 ], [ -164.5,68.08333333333333 ], [ -162.5,68.08333333333333 ], [ -162.5,67 ], [ -164.5,67 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"170","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mora, Miguel A. 0000-0002-8393-0216","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-0216","contributorId":46643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mora","given":"Miguel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":346922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phalen, David N.","contributorId":30740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phalen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003567,"text":"70003567 - 2010 - Limits on the adaptability of coastal marshes to rising sea level","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T15:22:24.36691","indexId":"70003567","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limits on the adaptability of coastal marshes to rising sea level","docAbstract":"Assumptions of a static landscape inspire predictions that about half of the world's coastal wetlands will submerge during this century in response to sea-level acceleration. In contrast, we use simulations from five numerical models to quantify the conditions under which ecogeomorphic feedbacks allow coastal wetlands to adapt to projected changes in sea level. In contrast to previous sea-level assessments, we find that non-linear feedbacks among inundation, plant growth, organic matter accretion, and sediment deposition, allow marshes to survive conservative projections of sea-level rise where suspended sediment concentrations are greater than ~20 mg/L. Under scenarios of more rapid sea-level rise (e.g., those that include ice sheet melting), marshes will likely submerge near the end of the 21st century. Our results emphasize that in areas of rapid geomorphic change, predicting the response of ecosystems to climate change requires consideration of the ability of biological processes to modify their physical environment.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010GL045489","usgsCitation":"Kirwan, M., Guntenspergen, G.R., D’Alpaos, A., Morris, J.T., Mudd, S.M., and Temmerman, S., 2010, Limits on the adaptability of coastal marshes to rising sea level: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, no. 23, p. 1-5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045489.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gl045489","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"37","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a533d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirwan, Matthew L. 0000-0002-0658-3038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-3038","contributorId":84060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Matthew L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Alpaos, Andrea","contributorId":34247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Alpaos","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morris, James T.","contributorId":29118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mudd, Simon M.","contributorId":107840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mudd","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Temmerman, Stijn","contributorId":71682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Temmerman","given":"Stijn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70003646,"text":"70003646 - 2010 - Match or mismatch: The influence of phenology on size-dependent life history and divergence in population structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T13:05:49.873804","indexId":"70003646","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Match or mismatch: The influence of phenology on size-dependent life history and divergence in population structure","docAbstract":"1. In gape-limited predators, body size asymmetries determine the outcome of predator-prey interactions. Due to ontogenetic changes in body size, the intensity of intra- and interspecific interactions may change rapidly between the match situation of a predator-prey system and the mismatch situation in which competition, including competition with the prey, dominates. 2. Based on a physiologically structured population model using the European perch (Perca fluviatilis), analysis was performed on how prey density (bream, Abramis brama), initial size differences in the young-of-the-year (YOY) age cohort of the predator, and phenology (time-gap in hatching of predator and prey) influence the size structure of the predator cohort. 3. In relation to the seasonality of reproduction, the match situation of the predator-prey system occurred when perch hatched earlier than bream and when no gape-size limitations existed, leading to decreased size divergence in the predator age cohort. Decreased size divergence was also found when bream hatched much earlier than perch, preventing perch predation on bream occurring, which, in turn, increased the competitive interaction of the perch with bream for the common prey, zooplankton; i.e. the mismatch situation in which also the mean size of the age cohort of the predator decreased. 4. In between the total match and the mismatch, however, only the largest individuals of the perch age cohort were able to prey on the bream, while smaller conspecifics got trapped in competition with each other and with bream for zooplankton, leading to enlarged differences in growth that increased size divergence. 5. The modelling results were combined with 7 years of field data in a lake, where large differences in the length-frequency distribution of YOY perch were observed after their first summer. These field data corroborate that phenology and prey density per predator are important mechanisms in determining size differences within theYOYage cohort of the predator. 6. The results demonstrate that the switch between competitive interactions and a predator-prey relationship depended on phenology. This resulted in pronounced size differences in the YOY age cohort, which had far-reaching consequences for the entire predator population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01704.x","usgsCitation":"Borcherding, J., Beeck, P., DeAngelis, D., and Scharf, W.R., 2010, Match or mismatch: The influence of phenology on size-dependent life history and divergence in population structure: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 79, no. 5, p. 1101-1112, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01704.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1101","endPage":"1112","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01704.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e81a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borcherding, Jost","contributorId":69286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borcherding","given":"Jost","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeck, Peter","contributorId":82448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeck","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":88015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scharf, Werner R.","contributorId":96402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharf","given":"Werner","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003981,"text":"70003981 - 2010 - Making molehills out of mountains: Landscape genetics of the Mojave desert tortoise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T13:30:58.127849","indexId":"70003981","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Making molehills out of mountains: Landscape genetics of the Mojave desert tortoise","docAbstract":"Heterogeneity in habitat often influences how organisms traverse the landscape matrix that connects populations. Understanding landscape connectivity is important to determine the ecological processes that influence those movements, which lead to evolutionary change due to gene flow. Here, we used landscape genetics and statistical models to evaluate hypotheses that could explain isolation among locations of the threatened Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii). Within a causal modeling framework, we investigated three factors that can influence landscape connectivity: geographic distance, barriers to dispersal, and landscape friction. A statistical model of habitat suitability for the Mojave desert tortoise, based on topography, vegetation, and climate variables, was used as a proxy for landscape friction and barriers to dispersal. We quantified landscape friction with least-cost distances and with resistance distances among sampling locations. A set of diagnostic partial Mantel tests statistically separated the hypotheses of potential causes of genetic isolation. The best-supported model varied depending upon how landscape friction was quantified. Patterns of genetic structure were related to a combination of geographic distance and barriers as defined by least-cost distances, suggesting that mountain ranges and extremely low-elevation valleys influence connectivity at the regional scale beyond the tortoises’ ability to disperse. However, geographic distance was the only influence detected using resistance distances, which we attributed to fundamental differences between the two ways of quantifying friction. Landscape friction, as we measured it, did not influence the observed patterns of genetic distances using either quantification. Barriers and distance may be more valuable predictors of observed population structure for species like the desert tortoise, which has high dispersal capability and a long generation time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-010-9550-6","usgsCitation":"Hagerty, B.E., Nussear, K.E., Esque, T., and Tracy, C.R., 2010, Making molehills out of mountains: Landscape genetics of the Mojave desert tortoise: Landscape Ecology, v. 26, no. 2, p. 267-280, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-010-9550-6.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"280","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.94921874999999,\n 40.81380923056958\n ],\n [\n -121.11328124999999,\n 39.16414104768742\n ],\n [\n -116.89453125,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -111.4892578125,\n 34.84987503195418\n ],\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -113.203125,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -117.94921874999999,\n 40.81380923056958\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649f56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagerty, Bridgette E.","contributorId":98868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagerty","given":"Bridgette","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tracy, C. Richard","contributorId":31515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracy","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003867,"text":"70003867 - 2010 - Facilitation drives 65 years of vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T12:52:15.643093","indexId":"70003867","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Facilitation drives 65 years of vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert","docAbstract":"Ecological processes of low‐productivity ecosystems have long been considered to be driven by abiotic controls with biotic interactions playing an insignificant role. However, existing studies present conflicting evidence concerning the roles of these factors, in part due to the short temporal extent of most data sets and inability to test indirect effects of environmental variables modulated by biotic interactions. Using structural equation modeling to analyze 65 years of perennial vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert, we found that precipitation had a stronger positive effect on recruitment beneath existing canopies than in open microsites due to reduced evaporation rates. Variation in perennial canopy cover had additional facilitative effects on juvenile recruitment, which was indirectly driven by effects of density and precipitation on cover. Mortality was strongly influenced by competition as indicated by negative density‐dependence, whereas precipitation had no effect. The combined direct, indirect, and interactive facilitative effects of precipitation and cover on recruitment were substantial, as was the effect of competition on mortality, providing strong evidence for dual control of community dynamics by climate and biotic interactions. Through an empirically derived simulation model, we also found that the positive feedback of density on cover produces unique temporal abundance patterns, buffering changes in abundance from high frequency variation in precipitation, amplifying effects of low frequency variation, and decoupling community abundance from precipitation patterns at high abundance. Such dynamics should be generally applicable to low‐productivity systems in which facilitation is important and can only be understood within the context of long‐term variation in climatic patterns. This predictive model can be applied to better manage low‐productivity ecosystems, in which variation in biogeochemical processes and trophic dynamics may be driven by positive density‐dependent feedbacks that influence temporal abundance and productivity patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-0145.1","usgsCitation":"Butterfield, B., Betancourt, J.L., Turner, R., and Briggs, J.M., 2010, Facilitation drives 65 years of vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert: Ecology, v. 91, no. 4, p. 1132-1139, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0145.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1132","endPage":"1139","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8906","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterfield, Bradley J.","contributorId":18096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Bradley J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turner, Raymond M.","contributorId":7383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Raymond M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Briggs, John M.","contributorId":6986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003351,"text":"70003351 - 2010 - Formation of the Wiesloch Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb-Ag deposit in the extensional setting of the Upper Rhinegraben, SW Germany","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T22:34:25.545132","indexId":"70003351","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Formation of the Wiesloch Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb-Ag deposit in the extensional setting of the Upper Rhinegraben, SW Germany","docAbstract":"The Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Zn–Pb–Ag deposit in the Wiesloch area, Southwest Germany, is controlled by graben-related faults of the Upper Rhinegraben. Mineralization occurs as vein fillings and irregular replacement ore bodies consisting of sphalerite, banded sphalerite, galena, pyrite, sulfosalts (jordanite and geocronite), barite, and calcite in the Middle Triassic carbonate host rock. Combining paragenetic information, fluid inclusion investigations, stable isotope and mineral chemistry with thermodynamic modeling, we have derived a model for the formation of the Wiesloch deposit. This model involves fluid mixing between ascending hot brines (originating in the crystalline basement) with sedimentary formation waters. The ascending brines originally had a near-neutral pH (around 6) and intermediate oxidation state, reflecting equilibrium with granites and gneisses in the basement. During fluid ascent and cooling, the pH of the brine shifted towards more acidic (around 4) and the oxidation state increased to conditions above the hematite-magnetite buffer. These chemical characteristics contrast strongly with those of the pore and fracture fluid residing in the limestone aquifer, which had a pH between 8 and 9 in equilibrium with calcite and was rather reduced due to the presence of organic matter in the limestone. Mixing between these two fluids resulted in a strong decrease in the solubility of silver-bearing sphalerite and galena, and calcite. Besides Wiesloch, several Pb–Zn deposits are known along the Upper Rhinegraben, including hydrothermal vein-type deposits like Badenweiler and the Michael mine near Lahr. They all share the same fluid origin and formation process and only differ in details of their host rock and fluid cooling paths. The mechanism of fluid mixing also seems to be responsible for the formation of other MVT deposits in Europe (e.g., Réocin, Northern Spain; Trèves, Southern France; and Cracow-Silesia, Poland), which show notable similarities in terms of their age, mineralogy. and mineral chemistry to the MVT deposit near Wiesloch.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00126-010-0296-5","usgsCitation":"Pfaff, K., Hildebrandt, L.H., Leach, D.L., Jacob, D.E., and Markl, G., 2010, Formation of the Wiesloch Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb-Ag deposit in the extensional setting of the Upper Rhinegraben, SW Germany: Mineralium Deposita, v. 45, no. 7, p. 647-666, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-010-0296-5.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"647","endPage":"666","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Germany","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 9.063720703124998,\n 50.38050249104245\n ],\n [\n 8.0419921875,\n 50.15578588538455\n ],\n [\n 7.646484374999999,\n 48.63290858589535\n ],\n [\n 7.130126953125,\n 47.73932336136857\n ],\n [\n 8.10791015625,\n 47.70976154266637\n ],\n [\n 9.173583984375,\n 50.366488762738264\n ],\n [\n 9.063720703124998,\n 50.38050249104245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae419","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pfaff, Katharina","contributorId":49916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfaff","given":"Katharina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildebrandt, Ludwig H.","contributorId":101375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildebrandt","given":"Ludwig","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leach, David L.","contributorId":83902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jacob, Dorrit E.","contributorId":51008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacob","given":"Dorrit","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Markl, Gregor","contributorId":73732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markl","given":"Gregor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003650,"text":"70003650 - 2010 - Impact craters on Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:55","indexId":"70003650","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact craters on Titan","docAbstract":"Five certain impact craters and 44 additional nearly certain and probable ones have been identified on the 22% of Titan's surface imaged by Cassini's high-resolution radar through December 2007. The certain craters have morphologies similar to impact craters on rocky planets, as well as two with radar bright, jagged rims. The less certain craters often appear to be eroded versions of the certain ones. Titan's craters are modified by a variety of processes including fluvial erosion, mass wasting, burial by dunes and submergence in seas, but there is no compelling evidence of isostatic adjustments as on other icy moons, nor draping by thick atmospheric deposits. The paucity of craters implies that Titan's surface is quite young, but the modeled age depends on which published crater production rate is assumed. Using the model of Artemieva and Lunine (2005) suggests that craters with diameters smaller than about 35 km are younger than 200 million years old, and larger craters are older. Craters are not distributed uniformly; Xanadu has a crater density 2-9 times greater than the rest of Titan, and the density on equatorial dune areas is much lower than average. There is a small excess of craters on the leading hemisphere, and craters are deficient in the north polar region compared to the rest of the world. The youthful age of Titan overall, and the various erosional states of its likely impact craters, demonstrate that dynamic processes have destroyed most of the early history of the moon, and that multiple processes continue to strongly modify its surface. The existence of 24 possible impact craters with diameters less than 20 km appears consistent with the Ivanov, Basilevsky and Neukum (1997) model of the effectiveness of Titan's atmosphere in destroying most but not all small projectiles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Wood, C.A., Lorenz, R., Kirk, R., Lopes, R., Mitchell, K., Stofan, E., and Cassini RADAR Team, 2010, Impact craters on Titan: Icarus, p. 334-344.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"344","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":91757,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103509003753","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f78ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Charles A.","contributorId":27599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, Ralph","contributorId":53933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Ralph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Randy","contributorId":107841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopes, Rosaly","contributorId":50280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"Rosaly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitchell, Karl","contributorId":53515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stofan, Ellen","contributorId":101373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stofan","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cassini RADAR Team","contributorId":127942,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Cassini RADAR Team","id":535120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70003588,"text":"70003588 - 2010 - Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T20:17:31","indexId":"70003588","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The slope environment of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) supports dense communities of seep megafaunal invertebrates that rely on endosymbiotic bacteria for nutrition. Seep sediments also contain smaller macrofaunal invertebrates whose nutritional pathways are not well understood. Using stable-isotope analysis, we investigate the utilization of chemosynthetically fixed and methane-derived organic matter by macrofauna. Biological sampling was conducted in three lower-slope GOM seep environs: Green Canyon (GC852, 1428 m), Atwater Valley (AT340, 2230 m), and Alaminos Canyon (AC601, 2384 m). Infaunal delta13C and delta15N exhibited a broad range of values; most infauna appeared to be heterotrophic, although several taxa had very light delta15N and delta13C values, indicating possible reliance on chemoautotrophic symbioses. The lightest delta13C and delta15N values were observed in nematodes (delta13C=-54.6 + or - 0.1 per mil, delta15N=-6.1 + or - 0.2 per mil) and one gastropod (delta13C=-54.1 per mil, delta15N=-1.1 per mil) from Green Canyon. Mixing-model results indicated that sulfur-oxidizing Beggiatoa may be an important food source for seep infauna; the rate of utilization ranged from 60% to 100% at Green Canyon and Atwater Valley. The overall range in isotope values was similar across the three sites, suggesting that biogeochemical processes may be very similar in these geographically distinct areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., Gualtieri, D., and Kovacs, K., 2010, Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 57, no. 21-23, p. 1972-1981, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1972","endPage":"1981","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269283,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011"},{"id":203994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.5,22 ], [ -98.5,32.5 ], [ -85.5,32.5 ], [ -85.5,22 ], [ -98.5,22 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"57","issue":"21-23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":28938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gualtieri, Daniel","contributorId":28351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gualtieri","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kovacs, Kaitlin 0000-0002-4089-434X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-434X","contributorId":24078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovacs","given":"Kaitlin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003739,"text":"70003739 - 2010 - Fish population dynamics in a seasonally varying wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-13T16:36:06.988419","indexId":"70003739","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish population dynamics in a seasonally varying wetland","docAbstract":"Small fishes in seasonally flooded environments such as the Everglades are capable of spreading into newly flooded areas and building up substantial biomass. Passive drift cannot account for the rapidity of observed population expansions. To test the reaction-diffusion mechanism for spread of the fish, we estimated their diffusion coefficient and applied a reaction-diffusion model. This mechanism was also too weak to account for the spatial dynamics. Two other hypotheses were tested through modeling. The first--the 'refuge mechanism--hypothesizes that small remnant populations of small fishes survive the dry season in small permanent bodies of water (refugia), sites where the water level is otherwise below the surface. The second mechanism, which we call the 'dynamic ideal free distribution mechanism' is that consumption by the fish creates a prey density gradient and that fish taxis along this gradient can lead to rapid population expansion in space. We examined the two alternatives and concluded that although refugia may play an important role in recolonization by the fish population during reflooding, only the second, taxis in the direction of the flooding front, seems capable of matching empirical observations. This study has important implications for management of wetlands, as fish biomass is an essential support of higher trophic levels.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.12.021","usgsCitation":"DeAngelis, D., Trexler, J.C., Cosner, C., Obaza, A., and Jopp, F., 2010, Fish population dynamics in a seasonally varying wetland: Ecological Modelling, v. 221, no. 8, p. 1131-1137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.12.021.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1131","endPage":"1137","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.815185546875,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -80.474853515625,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -80.474853515625,\n 26.175158990178133\n ],\n [\n -81.815185546875,\n 26.175158990178133\n ],\n [\n -81.815185546875,\n 25.095548539604252\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"221","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":88015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trexler, Joel C.","contributorId":36267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trexler","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":348602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cosner, Chris","contributorId":38698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosner","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Obaza, Adam","contributorId":14099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obaza","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jopp, Fred","contributorId":62336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jopp","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003527,"text":"70003527 - 2010 - Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:40:08","indexId":"70003527","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California","docAbstract":"We used radiocarbon measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to resolve sources of riverine carbon within agriculturally dominated landscapes in California. During 2003 and 2004, average Δ14C for DOC was −254‰ in agricultural drains in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, −218‰ in the San Joaquin River, −175‰ in the California State Water Project and −152‰ in the Sacramento River. The age of bulk DOC transiting the rivers of California’s Central Valley is the oldest reported for large rivers and suggests wide-spread loss of soil organic matter caused by agriculture and urbanization. Using DAX 8 adsorbent, we isolated and measured 14C concentrations in hydrophobic acid fractions (HPOA); river samples showed evidence of bomb-pulse carbon with average Δ14C of 91 and 76‰ for the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers, respectively, with older HPOA, −204‰, observed in agricultural drains. An operationally defined non-HPOA fraction of DOC was observed in the San Joaquin River with seasonally computed Δ14C values of between −275 and −687‰; the source of this aged material was hypothesized to be physically protected organic-matter in high clay-content soils and agrochemicals (i.e., radiocarbon-dead material) applied to farmlands. Mixing models suggest that the Sacramento River contributes about 50% of the DOC load in the California State Water Project, and agricultural drains contribute approximately one-third of the load. In contrast to studies showing stabilization of soil carbon pools within one or two decades following land conversion, sustained loss of soil organic matter, occurring many decades after the initial agricultural-land conversion, was observed in California’s Central Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z","usgsCitation":"Sickman, J.O., DiGiorgio, C.L., Davisson, M.L., Lucero, D.M., and Bergamaschi, B., 2010, Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California: Biogeochemistry, v. 99, no. 1, p. 79-96, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"96","ipdsId":"IP-012067","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475577,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Joaquin;Sacramento;Contra Costa;Solano","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Delta;San Joaquin River;Sacramento River;Twitchell Island;Bouldin Island;Bacon Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.11666666666666,37.5 ], [ -122.11666666666666,38.5 ], [ -121.25,38.5 ], [ -121.25,37.5 ], [ -122.11666666666666,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"99","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9d91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sickman, James O.","contributorId":30741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiGiorgio, Carol L.","contributorId":88071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiorgio","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davisson, M. Lee","contributorId":106248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davisson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lucero, Delores M.","contributorId":88865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucero","given":"Delores","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":1448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003992,"text":"70003992 - 2010 - Factors controlling the regional distribution of vanadium in ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-16T13:37:46.061871","indexId":"70003992","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors controlling the regional distribution of vanadium in ground water","docAbstract":"Although the ingestion of vanadium (V) in drinking water may have possible adverse health effects, there have been relatively few studies of V in groundwater. Given the importance of groundwater as a source of drinking water in many areas of the world, this study examines the potential sources and geochemical processes that control the distribution of V in groundwater on a regional scale. Potential sources of V to groundwater include dissolution of V rich rocks, and waste streams from industrial processes. Geochemical processes such as adsorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, and chemical transformations control V concentrations in groundwater. Based on thermodynamic data and laboratory studies, V concentrations are expected to be highest in samples collected from oxic and alkaline groundwater. However, the extent to which thermodynamic data and laboratory results apply to the actual distribution of V in groundwater is not well understood. More than 8400 groundwater samples collected in California were used in this study. Of these samples, high (≥50 µg/L) and moderate (25 to 49 µg/L) V concentrations were most frequently detected in regions where both source rock and favorable geochemical conditions occurred. The distribution of V concentrations in groundwater samples suggests that significant sources of V are mafic and andesitic rock. Anthropogenic activities do not appear to be a significant contributor of V to groundwater in this study. High V concentrations in groundwater samples analyzed in this study were almost always associated with oxic and alkaline groundwater conditions, which is consistent with predictions based on thermodynamic data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00666.x","usgsCitation":"Wright, M.T., and Belitz, K., 2010, Factors controlling the regional distribution of vanadium in ground water: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 4, p. 515-525, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00666.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"525","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383282,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southeast California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.400390625,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -118.69628906249999,\n 37.92686760148135\n ],\n [\n -120.58593749999999,\n 38.20365531807149\n ],\n [\n -120.62988281249999,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -118.47656249999999,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -116.27929687499999,\n 33.8339199536547\n ],\n [\n -115.400390625,\n 34.994003757575776\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d0e4b07f02db5465e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Michael T. 0000-0003-0653-6466 mtwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-6466","contributorId":1508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Michael","email":"mtwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003583,"text":"70003583 - 2010 - Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T17:35:48.961882","indexId":"70003583","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis","docAbstract":"The endangered West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus has 2 recognized subspecies: the Florida T. m. latirostris and Antillean T. m. manatus manatee, both of which are found in freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats. A better understanding of manatee feeding preferences and habitat use is essential to establish criteria on which conservation plans can be based. Skin from manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico, as well as aquatic vegetation from their presumed diet, were analyzed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. This is the first application of stable isotope analysis to Antillean manatees. Stable isotope ratios for aquatic vegetation differed by plant type (freshwater, estuarine, and marine), collection location, and in one instance, season. Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios for manatee skin differed between collection location and in one instance, season, but did not differ between sex or age class. Signatures in the skin of manatees sampled in Belize and Puerto Rico indicated a diet composed primarily of seagrasses, whereas those of Florida manatees exhibited greater regional variation. Mixing model results indicated that manatees sampled from Crystal River and Homosassa Springs (Florida, USA) ate primarily freshwater vegetation, whereas manatees sampled from Big Bend Power Plant, Ten Thousand Islands, and Warm Mineral Springs (Florida) fed primarily on seagrasses. Possible diet–tissue discrimination values for 15N were estimated to range from 1.0 to 1.5‰. Stable isotope analysis can be used to interpret manatee feeding behavior over a long period of time, specifically the use of freshwater vegetation versus seagrasses, and can aid in identifying critical habitats and improving conservation efforts.
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